A Journal of the MAP AND GEOGRAPHY ROUND TABLE of the AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION No.2 1989 Table of Contents Articles Historical Atlas of the United States_---:-----:::-::::_-=-:------=- 33 Cartographical Innovations: An International Handbook of Mapping Terms to 1900 35 Mapping the North Carolina Coast: Sixteenth Century Cartography and the Roanoke Voyages 36 Sheppard's International Directory of Print and Map Sellers 38 Interpretation of Topographic Maps 39 The World Map Directory, 1989 41 Electronic Media Review GEODEX GEOgraphic InDEX System for Map Series ·42 Selected Publications of Note 16 E~~~ 3 Index to Advertisers 47 Information for Contributors 44 Rand M~Nally Setting Standards of Excellence in Atlas Publishing for Over a Century For more than 100years, Rand M<;:Nally has continued to provide some of the finest, best selling atlases in the world. Space-age cartographic technology and fascinating, informative text are bound together to produce the most comprehensive references available. The New International Atlas Acknowledged by experts as the finest atlas ever published. It thoroughly answers every map reference need with 35,800 indexed places in the U.S. , 168,000 total world places and over 250 map pages. Six consistent map scales facilitate area comparisons while its five language text is ideal for international business. Bound in an elegant leather cover. 83214 $150.00 568 pages 11 x 14%" The Cosmopolitan World Atlas Rand M~Nally'sbest selling atlas for over 30 years! Features a stunning satellite image section focusing on the changing face of the earth. Plus large, easy-to-read world maps and newly-styled state maps with relief shading and highways. An excellent reference and travel planner. 83284-0 $55.00 344 pages 11 x 14V2" The World Atlas of Nations The only atlas of its kind with all the countries of the world presented in alphabetical sequence. Features an up-to-date reference map with accom­ panying index, locator map and fact block for each nation. This "user­ friendly" atlas is the perfect reference for all ages. 83315-4 $34.95 232 pages 11 x 14W' Atlas of World History Captures the great turning points of our past through informative text and more than 118full-color maps. A wide variety of topics are covered including early civilizations, economics, religions, trade routes and wars. An excellent educational resource for students. 83288-3 $17.95 192 pages 9 x 12" TO PLACE AN ORDER-Call toll-free: 1-800-762-2665 Call in Illinois: 1-312-673-9100and ask for operator #500 2 MERIDlAN2 ~ From the editor. • • MERIDIAN The archaic and unsatisfactory way in which North American libraries romanize Chinese geographical names should be of growing concern to cartographic information specialists. Libraries' continue to use the Wade-Gilles romanization system, rather than the newer and more commonly accepted pinyin system. For place names in the Peoples Republic of China this causes of a growing data retrieval EDITOR problem as an increasing proportion of clients query catalogs and Philip Hoehn . reference personnel using place names in pinyin romanization, e.g., The University of California, Berkeley Beijing, Xi'an, and Guangdong, rather than Peking, Sian and PRODUCTION MANAGER Kwangtung. Donna P. Koepp Most creators and dispensers of information that contains Chinese University of Kansas place names use pinyin, and it is largely from these sources that the SUBSCRIPTIONS MANAGER users of map and geographical information obtain their spellings. The Peter L. Stark popular press, including the New lOrk Times, the Wall Street Journal, University of Oregon Time, and Newsweek, uses pinyin. So do major indexing and ADVERTISING MANAGER abstracting tools, such as the Reader's Guide and the Social Science David A. Cobb University of Illinois Index. More important, pinyin is used by the major map and atlas REVIEW EDITOR publishers, among them Rand McNally, the National Geographic Brent Allison Society, and the Central Intelligence Agency, and pinyin is University of Minnesota recommended by the United States Board on Geographical Names. Arguments can be made for the political, linguistic, and ethnic superiority of either system, but the essential fact is that libraries­ EDITORIAL BOARD and curiously, the publishers of Webster's New Geographical Ralph E. Ehrenberg Dictionary and of American encyclopedias-are about a decade behind Library of Congress the rest of the information industry in switching to pinyin, and are Alice C. Hudson New York Public Library increasingly out-of-step with the needs of their clients. Mary L. Larsgaard The Chicago Manual of Style states, " ... pinyin ... has now University of California, Santa Barbara largely supplanted the older Wade-Gilles romanization system ... Robert S. Marlin Louisiana State University [Ojne sensible practice for scholarly publications is to use Wade­ Charles A. Seavey Gilles in books about the pre-1949 period and pinyin in those about University of Arizona the period after 1949." Stanley D. Stevens The geo- and cartographic information community should take the University of California, Santa Cruz lead in resolving the present difficulty by working with the Library of Congress and other interested organizations to establish pinyin as our CONSULTING EDITORS primary romanization system for Chinese geographical names. One HelenJane Armstrong, possible solution would be to use pinyin for post-1949 names in University of Florida Tony Campbell, China, and to continue to use Wade-Gilles for places not extant after The British Library 1949 as well as for those in Taiwan, and to default to pinyin in cases Larry Carver, of doubt. The inevitable switch to pinyin will be costly, but to delay University of California, Santa Barbara would be even more costly. Michael P. Con zen, The University of Chicago Meridian's readers are reminded to submit papers, research Edward H. Dahl, notes, and other contributions for publication. Material in any of map NationalArchives of Canada librarianship's subfields is welcome, but especially desired are papers Larry Cruse, on the administration of cartographic collections and on new means of University of California, San Diego John B. Garver, Jr., transmitting, storing and organizing cartographic information. National Geographic Society PhilipHoehn Francis Herbert, Royal Geographical Society Robert W. Karrow, Jr., The Newberry Library George F. McCleary, Jr., SUBSCRIPTIONS University of Kansas Barbara B. McCorkle, Meridian is published twice yearly. To subscribe, or to change an YaleUniversity address, please write to Peter L. Stark, Subscription Manager, Map John T. Monckton, Library, University of Oregon, 165 Condon Hall, Eugene, Oregon J.T. Monckton Ltd., Chicago Gary W. North, 97403-1299. Subscription rates are $20.00 for individual, ($25.00 United States GeologicalSurvey foreign); $25.00 for an institution, ($30.00 foreign). Individuals must Nancy J. Pruett, prepay, institutions may be billed. All foreign subscriptions must be Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque paid in U.S. dollars. Make your check payable to ALA/MAGERT. Norman J.W. Thrower, University of California, Los Angeles Alberta Auringer Wood, Memorial University of Newfoundland Frances Woodward, University of British Columbia eIIt MERIDIAN 2 3 REVIEWS Publishers are invited to send review copies of their books, maps and other items to the review editor. Brent Allison, John R. Borchert Map Library, S76 OiM. Wilson Library, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455. Manuscripts of reviews should be Map Lin k Impor ts and distrib utes maps from a round the world addressed to the review editor. Readers wishing to review materials for Meridian over 46,000 titles in stock are invited to write the re view editor indicating their special areas of interest topographic series for over 60 natio ns and qualifications. • thousands of city plans • themati c maps, atlases, globes and related products ADVERTISING STATEMENT Meridian acce pts advertising of prod­ ucts or services as it improves communi­ J UST PUBLISHED: cation between vendor and buyer. Meridian will adhere to all ethical and commonly accepted advert ising practices and reserves the right to reject any advertisement dee med not relevant or consistent with the goals of the Map and Geogra phy Round Table. Enquiries should be addressed to David A. Cobb, Advertising Manager, Map and Geography Library, University of Illinois, 1408 West Gregory Drive, Urbana , Illinois 61801. Phone 217 333-0827. DESIGN The design of the cover for Meridian was developed by Donna P. Koepp, George F. McCleary, Jr., and Brian Yodler, of the University of Kansas. The THE WORLD MAP DIRECTORY type was prepared by Yodler (of the Department of Design) who modified ISBN 0-92959 1-00-3 Bodoni Book using MacDraw. The map ISSN 1040-I687 is an interrupted fiat polar quartic (equal­ $29.95 area) projection ; it was constructed and This 27S·pagc Directory lists over 10,000maps currently in print compiled by McCleary using F. Webster and available in the United States. It identifies publishers, prices, McBryde and Paul D. Thomas, Equal dates and scales for each map. The Directory is a complete, Area Projections for World Statistical up-to-date reference 1001, updated annually. The Directory also Maps (U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey serves as a catalog. Every map is in stock and available from Map Special Publication 245, 1949). Link. The journal is type set on an 8600 Compugraphic with a computerized CLI P OR COPYTillS AD ANDRECEI VE A 20 % front-end sys tem and printed at the DISCOUNT ON YOUR ORDER. University of Kansas Printing Service. Map Link 529 Stale Street Ii Ii Santa Barbara, CA 93101 MERIDI AN (805) 965- 4.4 02 A Strni·onnual Joumal oIl~ ~h p md G..o'ltilll hy Round T.bI< e American Libruy A••.,n.li,," 4 CJ)tmen 's Cmttl'ibutums to Norlh American Cm10graphy: flur profiles by Mary McMichael Ritzlin nbmtn were ineolred in carious aspects virtually nothing in the field of fine art of cartography during the st u n/unth.