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Pochalla County Report on Food Security & Livelihoods Assessment in Pochalla County September 2014 Compiled by: Mawa Isaac J. Email: [email protected] [email protected] Web: www.spedp.org Table of Content Acknowledgements………………………………………………………………………………..2 Abbreviations and acronyms……………………………………………………………………....3 Contacts: Partner NGOs on the Ground…………………………………………………………...4 Executive summary………………………………………………………………………………..5 Objectives of the assessment……………………………………………………………………...8 Approach and Methodology used during the assessment…………………………………………8 Limitations of the assessment……………………………………………………………………10 Needs analysis................................................................................................................................11 Emergency context – Pochalla County ………………………………………………………….12 Findings of the assessment.............................................................................................................14 Household food consumption patterns...........................................................................................14 Food security past and current trends……………………………………………………………15 Sources of Income.........................................................................................................................17 Fishing industry………………………………………………………………………………….17 Market outlook, access and perceptions…………………………………………………………18 Agriculture and Livelihoods potential – Pochalla County……………………………………….19 Seasonal Calendar – Pochalla County…………………………………………………………...20 Coping mechanism.........................................................................................................................21 Humanitarian assistance………………………………………………………………………….22 Self reliance opportunities……………………………………………………………………….22 Possible program Implications…………………………………………………………………..23 Economic situation……………………………………………………………………………….24 Vulnerability factors to household food insecurity………………………………………………25 Infrastructure..................................................................................................................................25 Conclusion and Recommendations................................................................................................26 Response logic…………………………………………………………………………………..26 Response recommendations……………………………………………………………………...26 Summary of recommendations…………………………………………………………………..28 Appendices……………………………………………………………………………………….31 A-1: Background of Pochalla County……………………………………………………………32 1 The Report on Food Security and Livelihoods in Pochalla County was prepared under the overall coordination of Soro Mike Hakim and Juma Bosco (SPEDP). Mawa Isaac J. provided technical writing and editing support as well as exploring Acknowledgements the current livelihoods status and its possible linkages and implications to food security based on the specific food security and livelihood indicators from the household survey to determine the causal affects. Thanks go to all that provided constructive feedback and comments or helped in other ways to prepare this document including, Peter Kuol (Project Officer) & Chol Deng (Field Monitor) from NPA – Pochalla, Dingor Ojullu Omot (FAC) from CRS – Pochalla, Adowo Omot, Chan Nyikang & Omot Ochan Cham from the County Agriculture Department – Pochalla County, Ochan Cham Okello from County Health Department – Pochalla County, Taban Joel, James Taban from SPEDP HQ, and individuals who helped us carryout household survey. Special thanks go to Okwier Ojullo Omot (RRC Coordinator) & Olok Gilo Oboya (Deputy RRC Coordinator) from RRC Office – Pochalla County, in making available the data and information for us. We acknowledge the support of Jay Ojary Athoura (Ag/Commissioner – Pochalla County) and Mr. Ochudho Ochan Akane (Ag/Executive Director). MAY GOD BLESS YOU ALL For more information and comments, kindly contact: Soro Mike Hakim OR CONTACT C.E.O – SPEDP Juba Tel#: +211 (0) 955 028 317 SPEDP HEAD OFFICE E-mail: [email protected] P.O. Box 414, Juba – South Sudan @Munuki Block A – Along Gudele Road Mawa Isaac J. – SPEDP Monitoring and Evaluation Officer Tel: +211 955 028 317 Tel#: +211 (0) 977 348 469 +211 977 101 222 E-mail: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Web: www.spedp.org Abbreviations and acronyms AIDS Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome CAD County Agriculture Department CRS Catholic Relief Service DRR Disaster Risk Reduction FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FEWS NET Famine Early Warning System Network FGD Focus Group Discussion FSLC Food Security and Livelihoods Cluster FSMS Food Security Monitoring System HH Household HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus IDPs Internally Displaced Persons IMC International Medical Corps KI Key Informants NGOs Non-Governmental Organizations NPA Norwegian People’s Aid RRC Relief and Rehabilitation Commission SPEDP Sudan Peace and Education Development Programme SSP South Sudanese Pounds SSRRC South Sudan Relief and Rehabilitation Commission UNOCHA United Nations Office for Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs WASH Water, Sanitation and Hygiene WFP World Food Programme Contacts: Partner NGOs on the Ground NPA – Norwegian People’s Aid +8821643342149 Areas of focus: Food Security and Livelihoods Name and Contact of CRS – Catholic Relief Services NGO Partners in [email protected] Pochalla County Areas of focus: Agriculture and Livelihoods (FFA), but no project is on-going IMC – International Medical Corps Areas of focus: Health, Nutrition & immunization, WASH Programme (previously) Authorities met in Pochalla County Jay Ojary Athoura (Ag/Commissioner – Pochalla County) and Mr. Ochudho Ochan Akane (Ag/Executive Director). Name and Contact of Okwier Ojullo Omot (RRC Coordinator) & Olok Gilo Oboya (Deputy RRC authorities met in Pochalla County Coordinator) from RRC Office – Pochalla County Adowo Omot, Chan Nyikang & Omot Ochan Cham from the County Agriculture Department – Pochalla County 4 Executive summary The December 15th 2013 crisis that started in Juba and the Cobra Faction in Greater Pibor had marked the beginning of depressing effects on households’ food security and livelihood Assets, lives and crop production in Pochalla County. The crisis occurred more so when the new nation is still battling with its economic stability which was critical in the quest to rebuild the livelihoods of the entire people of South Sudan. The post referendum period as a matter of fact should actually be devoted to the rebuilding of the livelihoods of the peoples of South Sudan in general. More especially with the adverse effects of the crisis and the Cobra Faction in Greater Pibor, actually more and more IDPs are returnees are expected to be seen in Pochalla County hence necessitating the consolidation of their livelihood with their assets both in terms of tools and the technical knowhow. Pochalla County has been further compounded by emergency from prolonged dry spell that lasted for nearly three months and the area experiencing flooding which were regarded more as the underlying events affecting crop production and the quest for rebuilding of the livelihoods of the affected population. It is noteworthy to point here that Pochalla County food security situation is worth to be given considerable attention given the overwhelming need for humanitarian emergency assistance due to the high influx of IDPs as well as the arrival of returnees in the area especially before and after the aftermath of the crisis that rocked the entire country. [[ The arrival of 1,907 registered IDPs [1] and 600 returnees since last year overwhelmed local authorities, and the few NGOs and UN agencies capacity in Pochalla town. Pochalla County also hosts 3,000 refugees mainly the Ethiopian Anyuak from Ethiopia and others from Sudan at Alari Refugee Camp who arrived in 2004. Poor road network has led to inaccessibility of Pochalla County especially from April – November. This same inaccessibility has seriously hampered humanitarian response to the Pochalla IDPs, returnees and members of the host community to date. The need to ensure adequate humanitarian emergency response in the area especially in the aftermath of the crisis has been seen as a driving factor for this emergency Food Security and Livelihoods; and its implications for household food security assessment in Pochalla County. _____________________________ 1 The registered 1,907 IDPs are reported to have come from Awuai (Murle), Upper Nile and Ethiopia; however, most of them are now integrated in to the host community 5 The main findings of the assessment were that; In Pochalla County, low crop production was noticed. This is largely attributable to structural causes such as failure in / or poor harvest, small area under cultivation and poor agronomic practices that led to low agricultural productivity and income, low human capital – knowledge and skills, limited access to social facilities and poor markets, high influx of IDPs and returnees situation. These structural factors are exacerbated by frequent exposure to multiple natural disasters such as prolonged dry spell (case of this year – from May to the second week of July), pests mainly birds and crop diseases among others. These altogether affected households’ food security; besides this also showed a correlation between these factors with rainfall patterns in the County. The assessment also noticed that Akoyi and Akilla Payams registered sustained positive growth in crop production during the first season. As such, food and nutrition security from Sept/2014 through to December/2014
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