DOCSLIB.ORG

Istanbul Üniversitesi Sağlik Bilimleri Enstitüsü

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Istanbul Üniversitesi Sağlik Bilimleri Enstitüsü T.C. İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ ( YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ ) TRIFOLIUM PANNONICUM JACQ. SUBSP. ELONGATUM (WILLD.) ZOH. BİTKİSİ ÜZERİNDE FARMAKOGNOZİK ARAŞTIRMALAR ECZ. F. YASEMİN BELGE DANIŞMAN DOÇ DR. AYNUR SARI FARMAKOGNOZİ ANABİLİM DALI İSTANBUL-2006 2 3 T.C. İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ ( YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ ) TRIFOLIUM PANNONICUM JACQ. SUBSP. ELONGATUM (WILLD.) ZOH. BİTKİSİ ÜZERİNDE FARMAKOGNOZİK ARAŞTIRMALAR ECZ. F. YASEMİN BELGE DANIŞMAN DOÇ DR. AYNUR SARI FARMAKOGNOZİ ANABİLİM DALI İSTANBUL-2006 4 TEZ ONAYI 5 BEYAN Bu tez çalışmasının kendi çalışmam olduğunu, tezin planlanmasından yazımına kadar bütün safhalarda etik dışı davranışımın olmadığını, bu tezdeki bütün bilgileri akademik ve etik kurallar içinde elde ettiğimi, bu tez çalışmasında elde edilmeyen bütün bilgi ve yorumlara kaynak gösterdiğimi ve bu kaynakları da kaynaklar listesine aldığımı, yine bu tezin çalışılması ve yazımı sırasında patent ve telif haklarını ihlal edici bir davranışımın olmadığını beyan ederim. F. Yasemin BELGE 6 Bana her zaman destek olan anneme, babama ve nişanlıma ithaf ediyorum 7 TEŞEKKÜR Tecrübelerinden ve Anabilim Dalımızın teknik imkanlarından faydalanmam konusundaki desteklerinden dolayı, Farmakognozi Anabilim Dalı Başkanı sayın Prof. Dr. Ali H. Meriçli’ye ve Danışman hocam sayın Doç. Dr. Aynur Sarı’ya saygı ve teşekkürlerimi sunarım. Bitki toplama ve teşhis aşamalarındaki yardımlarından dolayı Uzm. Biyolog Mustafa Keskin’e, Botanik ve Giriş bölümü konusundaki yardımlarından dolayı Prof. Dr. Kerim Alpınar’a, tezimin her aşamasında hem teknik hem de manevi desteklerini esirgemeyen Farmakognozi Anabilim Dalı’nın tüm üyelerine, özellikle Uzm. Ecz. Ulaş Sözer’e teşekkür ederim. Bu çalışma İstanbul Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi tarafından T-537/21102004 no’lu proje olarak desteklenmiştir. 8 Trifolium pannonicum Jacq. subsp. elongatum (Willd.) Zoh.–Rumeli Feneri (Foto: Ecz. F.Y. Belge) 9 İÇİNDEKİLER TEZ ONAYI..................................................................................................................... 4 BEYAN............................................................................................................................ 5 TEŞEKKÜR..................................................................................................................... 7 İÇİNDEKİLER ................................................................................................................ 9 TABLOLAR LİSTESİ................................................................................................... 12 ŞEKİLLER LİSTESİ ..................................................................................................... 13 SEMBOLLER / KISALTMALAR LİSTESİ................................................................. 14 ÖZET.............................................................................................................................. 17 ABSTRACT................................................................................................................... 18 1. GİRİŞ VE AMAÇ.......................................................................................... 19 2. GENEL BİLGİLER ....................................................................................... 22 2.1. Botanik Bölüm ............................................................................................... 22 2.1.1. Leguminosae Juss. Familyası..................................................................... 22 2.1.2. Papilionoideae DC. (Syn. Papilionaceae; Fabaceae) Altfamilyası ............ 22 2.1.3. Trifolieae Bronn. Tribusu........................................................................... 22 2.1.4. Trifolium L. Cinsi...................................................................................... 22 2.1.4.1. Trifolium pannonicum Jacq. subsp. elongatum (Willd.) Zoh................. 23 2.2. Kimyasal Bölüm............................................................................................. 25 2.2.1. Flavonoit Yapısındaki Maddeler................................................................ 26 2.2.2. Diğer Maddeler .......................................................................................... 44 2.3. Farmakolojik Bölüm ...................................................................................... 46 2.3.1. Trifolium pratense bitkisinin “PDR for Herbal Medicines” (2000) Monografı................................................................................................................... 46 2.3.2. T. pratense Ekstreleri ve Flavonoitleri ile Yapılmış Farmakolojik Çalışmalara Örnekler.................................................................................................. 47 2.3.2.1. Östrojenik Etki....................................................................................... 47 2.3.2.2. Menopoz................................................................................................. 48 10 2.3.2.3. Prostat Hiperplazisi ve Prostat Kanseri.................................................. 50 2.3.2.4. Hiperlipidemi ve Hipertansiyon............................................................. 52 2.3.2.5. Hücre Kültürleri ile Yapılan Çalışmalar ................................................ 54 2.3.2.6. Bağışıklık Sistemine Etki....................................................................... 55 2.3.2.7. Gebelik ve Laktasyonda Kullanım......................................................... 56 2.3.2.8. Biyoyararlanım ve Biyotransformasyon ................................................ 56 2.3.2.9. Yan Etkiler............................................................................................. 57 2.3.2.10. Hayvan Deneyleri................................................................................... 57 2.3.2.11. Negatif Sonuç Alınan Çalışmalar........................................................... 58 3. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM .................................................................................. 59 3.1. Materyal ......................................................................................................... 59 3.2. Metotlar.......................................................................................................... 60 3.2.1. Fitokimyasal Ön Denemeler ...................................................................... 60 3.2.1.1. Flavon Türevleri Aranması .................................................................... 60 3.2.1.2. Antrasen Türevleri Aranması................................................................. 60 3.2.1.3. Saponin Aranması .................................................................................. 60 3.2.1.4. Tanen Bileşikleri Aranması.................................................................... 60 3.2.1.5. Alkaloit Aranması .................................................................................. 61 3.2.1.6. Su Miktar Tayini .................................................................................... 61 3.2.2. Kromatografik Kontroller .......................................................................... 62 3.2.2.1. Kaba Ayırım........................................................................................... 62 3.2.2.2. O-Glikozitlerinin Teşhisi ....................................................................... 63 3.2.2.3. Asit Hidroliz Yöntemi............................................................................ 63 3.2.2.4. Çözücü Sistemleri.................................................................................. 63 3.2.2.5. Kullanılan Belirteçler............................................................................. 64 3.2.3. Yapı Tayini................................................................................................. 65 3.2.3.1. UV Spektrumu....................................................................................... 65 3.2.3.2. NMR Spektrumu.................................................................................... 66 3.2.4. Antioksidan Aktivite Tayini....................................................................... 66 11 4. BULGULAR.................................................................................................. 68 4.1. Ön Deneme Sonuçları .................................................................................... 68 4.2. Elde Edilen Ekstre Miktarları ve Verim Hesabı ............................................ 69 4.3. T. pannonicum subsp. elongatum Çiçeklerinin Etil Asetat Ekstresindeki Maddelerinin Teşhisi ve Ayrılması .............................................................................. 70 4.3.1. Silikajel VLC’den Elde Edilip Birleştirilen Fraksiyonların Miktarları...... 70 4.4. Teşhis Edilen Maddelerin Özellikleri ............................................................ 75 4.4.1. Hiperozit (B4/B2’) ..................................................................................... 75 4.4.2. Luteolin-7-galaktozit (B3/B2’) .................................................................. 80 4.5. Aktivite Tayini Sonuçları............................................................................... 86 4.5.1. T. pannonicum subp. elongatum Çiçeğinin Antioksidan Aktivite Sonuçları 86 4.5.2. Askorbik Asit’in Antioksidan Aktivite Sonuçları...................................... 87 5. TARTIŞMA ................................................................................................... 89 KAYNAKLAR .............................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Dictionary of Cultivated Plants and Their Regions of Diversity Second Edition Revised Of: A.C
    Dictionary of cultivated plants and their regions of diversity Second edition revised of: A.C. Zeven and P.M. Zhukovsky, 1975, Dictionary of cultivated plants and their centres of diversity 'N -'\:K 1~ Li Dictionary of cultivated plants and their regions of diversity Excluding most ornamentals, forest trees and lower plants A.C. Zeven andJ.M.J, de Wet K pudoc Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation Wageningen - 1982 ~T—^/-/- /+<>?- •/ CIP-GEGEVENS Zeven, A.C. Dictionary ofcultivate d plants andthei rregion so f diversity: excluding mostornamentals ,fores t treesan d lowerplant s/ A.C .Zeve n andJ.M.J ,d eWet .- Wageninge n : Pudoc. -11 1 Herz,uitg . van:Dictionar y of cultivatedplant s andthei r centreso fdiversit y /A.C .Zeve n andP.M . Zhukovsky, 1975.- Me t index,lit .opg . ISBN 90-220-0785-5 SISO63 2UD C63 3 Trefw.:plantenteelt . ISBN 90-220-0785-5 ©Centre forAgricultura l Publishing and Documentation, Wageningen,1982 . Nopar t of thisboo k mayb e reproduced andpublishe d in any form,b y print, photoprint,microfil m or any othermean swithou t written permission from thepublisher . Contents Preface 7 History of thewor k 8 Origins of agriculture anddomesticatio n ofplant s Cradles of agriculture and regions of diversity 21 1 Chinese-Japanese Region 32 2 Indochinese-IndonesianRegio n 48 3 Australian Region 65 4 Hindustani Region 70 5 Central AsianRegio n 81 6 NearEaster n Region 87 7 Mediterranean Region 103 8 African Region 121 9 European-Siberian Region 148 10 South American Region 164 11 CentralAmerica n andMexica n Region 185 12 NorthAmerica n Region 199 Specieswithou t an identified region 207 References 209 Indexo fbotanica l names 228 Preface The aimo f thiswor k ist ogiv e thereade r quick reference toth e regionso f diversity ofcultivate d plants.Fo r important crops,region so fdiversit y of related wild species areals opresented .Wil d species areofte nusefu l sources of genes to improve thevalu eo fcrops .
    [Show full text]
  • A Guide to Frequent and Typical Plant Communities of the European Alps
    - Alpine Ecology and Environments A guide to frequent and typical plant communities of the European Alps Guide to the virtual excursion in lesson B1 (Alpine plant biodiversity) Peter M. Kammer and Adrian Möhl (illustrations) – Alpine Ecology and Environments B1 – Alpine plant biodiversity Preface This guide provides an overview over the most frequent, widely distributed, and characteristic plant communities of the European Alps; each of them occurring under different growth conditions. It serves as the basic document for the virtual excursion offered in lesson B1 (Alpine plant biodiversity) of the ALPECOLe course. Naturally, the guide can also be helpful for a real excursion in the field! By following the road map, that begins on page 3, you can determine the plant community you are looking at. Communities you have to know for the final test are indicated with bold frames in the road maps. On the portrait sheets you will find a short description of each plant community. Here, the names of communities you should know are underlined. The portrait sheets are structured as follows: • After the English name of the community the corresponding phytosociological units are in- dicated, i.e. the association (Ass.) and/or the alliance (All.). The names of the units follow El- lenberg (1996) and Grabherr & Mucina (1993). • The paragraph “site characteristics” provides information on the altitudinal occurrence of the community, its topographical situation, the types of substrata, specific climate conditions, the duration of snow-cover, as well as on the nature of the soil. Where appropriate, specifications on the agricultural management form are given. • In the section “stand characteristics” the horizontal and vertical structure of the community is described.
    [Show full text]
  • Bazi Trifolium L. Türleri Üzerinde Farmakognozik Araştirmalar
    T.C. HACETTEPE ÜNĠVERSĠTESĠ SAĞLIK BĠLĠMLERĠ ENSTĠTÜSÜ BAZI TRIFOLIUM L. TÜRLERİ ÜZERİNDE FARMAKOGNOZİK ARAŞTIRMALAR Ecz. Gülin RENDA Farmakognozi Programı DOKTORA TEZĠ Ankara 2010 T.C. HACETTEPE ÜNĠVERSĠTESĠ SAĞLIK BĠLĠMLERĠ ENSTĠTÜSÜ BAZI TRIFOLIUM L. TÜRLERİ ÜZERİNDE FARMAKOGNOZİK ARAŞTIRMALAR Ecz. Gülin RENDA Farmakognozi Programı DOKTORA TEZĠ TEZ DANIġMANI Prof. Dr. Tayfun Ersöz 2. DANIġMAN Prof. Dr. Ġhsan ÇalıĢ Ankara 2010 iv TEŞEKKÜR Tez çalıĢmam sırasında bana her konuda destek olan, bilgi ve tecrübelerinden yararlandığım değerli danıĢman hocalarım Prof. Dr. Ġhsan ÇalıĢ ve Prof. Dr. Tayfun Ersöz‟e teĢekkür ederim. ÇalıĢmamın her aĢamasında yol gösterici olan, destek ve ilgisini esirgemeyen Doç. Dr. Funda N. Yalçın‟a teĢekkür ederim. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi Farmakognozi Anabilim Dalı imkanlarından faydalanmamı sağlayan Anabilim Dalı eski baĢkanı Prof. Dr. L. Ömür Demirezer‟e ve Ģu anki baĢkanı Prof. Dr. Ġclal Saraçoğlu‟na teĢekkür ederim. ÇalıĢmamın analitik kısmına verdiği destekten ötürü Dr. Ecz. Emirhan Nemutlu‟ya (H. Ü. Ecz. Fak. Analitik Kimya Anabilim Dalı); çalıĢmamda kullandığım standartları sağlayan Prof. Dr. Sansei Nishibe (Sapporo, Japonya) ve Prof. Dr. Hiroji Ina‟ya (Eczacılık ve YaĢam Bilimleri Tokyo Üniversitesi, Eczacılık Okulu); kullanılan bitkisel materyalin toplanmasındaki katkılarından ötürü Dr. Ecz. Didem ġöhretoğlu‟na ve teĢhisindeki katkılarından ötürü Yrd. Doç. Dr. M. Erkan Uzunhisarcıklı‟ya (Gazi Ü. Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Biyoloji Bölümü) teĢekkür ederim. Aromataz enzim inhibitor etki çalıĢmalarına verdiği destekten ötürü Doç. Dr. E. Pelin Kelicen‟e (H. Ü. Ecz. Fak. Farmakoloji Anabilim Dalı) ve Uzm. Ecz. Mehtap Cincioğlu‟na (H. Ü. Ecz. Fak. Farmakoloji Anabilim Dalı); yara iyi edici aktivite çalıĢmalarına verdiği destekten ötürü Doç. Dr. Esra Küpeli Akkol‟a (Gazi Ü.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Alien Species in Norway
    Alien species in Norway – with the Norwegian Black List 2012 Alien species in Norway – with the Norwegian Black List 2012 presents an overview of ecological impact assessments of alien species which reproduce in Norwegian territories. The assessments are based upon a new and semi- quantitative set of criteria, where the species’ invasion potential and ecological effect are considered. The work has been carried out by 11 groups of experts who have treated ca. 2500 species. Impact assessments have been made for 1180 alien species which reproduce in Norwegian territories and for 134 species which might arrive in Norway with the aid of humans in the future – so called ‘door knockers’. A total of 106 species are categorised as having a severe impact, 111 species as having a high impact, 198 species as having a potentially high impact, 399 species as having a low impact, and 366 species as having no known impact in Norwegian nature. In addition, species inform- ation has been gathered for 1071 alien species which do not reproduce on the Norwegian mainland and territorial waters, and 69 non-reproducing alien species observed in Svalbard. Distribution: Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre 7491 Trondheim Alien species in Norway Phone: +47 73592145 e-mail: [email protected] –with the Norwegian Black List www.biodiversity.no 2012 Alien species in Norway –with the Norwegian Black List 2012 Editors Lisbeth Gederaas, Toril Loennechen Moen, Sigrun Skjelseth, Line-Kristin Larsen Project management Lisbeth Gederaas Groups of experts See chapter “The work of the expert groups” Database development and management Stein Arild Hoem, Helge Sandmark Layout Skipnes Kommunikasjon AS, Åshild Viken (front cover) Cover Harmonia axyridis Cover photo Bjørn H.
    [Show full text]
  • Catalogue of Alien Plants of the Czech Republic (2Nd Edition): Checklist Update, Taxonomic Diversity and Invasion Patterns
    Preslia 84: 155–255, 2012 155 Catalogue of alien plants of the Czech Republic (2nd edition): checklist update, taxonomic diversity and invasion patterns Nepůvodní flóra České republiky: aktualizace seznamu druhů, taxonomická diverzita a průběh invazí Petr P y š e k1,2, Jiří D a n i h e l k a1,3, Jiří S á d l o1, Jindřich C h r t e k Jr.1,4, Milan C h y t r ý3, Vojtěch J a r o š í k2,1, Zdeněk K a p l a n1, František K r a h u l e c1, Lenka M o r a v c o v á1, Jan P e r g l1, Kateřina Š t a j e r o v á1,2 & Lubomír T i c h ý3 1Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ-252 43 Průhonice, Czech Republic, e-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]; 2Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 7, CZ- 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic, e-mail: [email protected]; 3Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, CZ-611 37 Brno, Czech Republic, e-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]; 4Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01 Prague, Czech Republic Pyšek P., Danihelka J., Sádlo J., Chrtek J. Jr., Chytrý M., Jarošík V., Kaplan Z., Krahulec F., Moravcová L., Pergl J., Štajerová K.
    [Show full text]
  • ABM 2018 Volume 1 Issue 1
    Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) www.abmj.ro ISSN: 2601 – 6141, ISSN-L: 2601 – 6141 2018│Volume 1│Issue 1 ACTA BIOLOGICA MARISIENSIS Official Journal of the University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureș Acta Biologica Marisiensis (ISSN: 2601 – 6141, ISSN-L: 2601 – 6141) is published by University Press Tîrgu Mureș Contact information: University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureș Gheorghe Marinescu street no. 38, Tîrgu Mureș, 540139, ROMANIA Phone: +40-265-21 55 51, fax +40-265-21 04 07 E-mail: [email protected] ISSN: 2601 – 6141, ISSN-L: 2601 – 6141 Acta Biologica Marisiensis 2018│Volume 1│Issue 1 EDITORIAL BOARD EDITOR IN CHIEF Corneliu Tanase University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureș, Romania MANAGING EDITOR Domokos Erzsébet University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureș, Romania ASSOCIATE EDITORS John R. Akeroyd Molnár Zsolt Plant Talk, Lawn Cottage, West Tisbury, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Centre for Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom Ecological Research, Hungary Andreea Letiția Arsene Daniela Lucia Muntean ”Carol Davila” University of Medicine and University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Pharmacy Bucharest, Romania Mureș, Romania Tatiana Calalb Anatolie Nistreanu “Nicolae Testemițanu” State University of “Nicolae Testemițanu” State University of Medicine and Pharmacy of the Republic of Medicine and Pharmacy of the Republic of Moldova Moldova Gianina Crișan Silvia Oroian ”Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania Mureș, Romania Monica Hăncianu Papp Nóra ”Grigore Popa” University of Medicine and University of Pécs Medical School, Hungary Pharmacy Iași, Romania Kohut Erzsébet Stanislav Yanev Ferenc Rákóczi II. Transcarpathian Hungarian Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Institute, Ukraine Bulgaria Luigi Menghini Gökhan Zengin Università degli Studi G.
    [Show full text]
  • The Italian Dolomites
    The Italian Dolomites Naturetrek Tour Report 23 – 30 June 2016 A hay meadow Lesser Butterfly Orchid Lesser Butterfly Orchid King of the Alps Edelweiss Report by Jessica Turner Images courtesy of Julian Comrie Mingledown Barn Wolf’s Lane Chawton Alton Hampshire GU34 3HJ England T: +44 (0)1962 733051 E: [email protected] W: www.naturetrek.co.uk Tour Report The Italian Dolomites Tour participants: Jessica Turner and Luca Sattin (leaders) with 13 Naturetrek clients Introduction The Dolomites are some of the finest mountains in Europe, where a complex mix of geology and habitat supports a great range of plants amidst stunning scenery. We were blessed with generally excellent weather, which meant the flower-filled hay meadows were being cut, but we still found plenty to enjoy, especially the gaudy Orange Lilies which almost seem out of place there. The carpets of orchids were a joy, especially the diminutive Vanilla Orchids, while numerous treasures were found on the rocky mountain slopes. With the hospitality provided by Stefano, Katia and Genio at the Gran Mugon as warm as ever, with excellent, delicious cuisine, everything contributed to a most enjoyable week. Day 1 Thursday 23rd June Flight to Venice, onwards to Tamion Despite a cancelled flight as a result of French industrial action, the Naturetrek staff worked hard to ensure group members travelling from the UK today reached Venice, where we enjoyed good views of the city as we landed at Marco Polo Airport. Here we met with those who had already spent a few days enjoying this charismatic city, and with Luca, who lives nearby.
    [Show full text]
  • Trifolium—Leguminosae)
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 39 (2006) 688–705 www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Molecular phylogenetics of the clover genus (Trifolium—Leguminosae) Nick W. Ellison a, Aaron Liston b,¤, JeVrey J. Steiner c, Warren M. Williams a, Norman L. Taylor d a Grasslands Research Centre, AgResearch, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North, New Zealand b Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA c USDA Agricultural Research Service, National Forage Seed Production Research Center, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA d Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA Received 31 August 2005; revised 16 December 2005; accepted 3 January 2006 Available online 17 February 2006 Abstract Trifolium, the clover genus, is one of the largest genera of the legume family. We conducted parsimony and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer and chloroplast trnL intron sequences obtained from 218 of the ca. 255 species of Trifolium, representatives from 11 genera of the vicioid clade, and an outgroup Lotus. We conWrm the monophyly of Trifo- lium, and propose a new infrageneric classiWcation of the genus based on the phylogenetic results. Incongruence between the nrDNA and cpDNA results suggests Wve to six cases of apparent hybrid speciation, and identiWes the putative progenitors of the allopolyploids T. dubium, a widespread weed, and T. repens, the most commonly cultivated clover species. Character state reconstructions conWrm 2n D 16 as the ancestral chromosome number in Trifolium, and infer a minimum of 19 instances of aneuploidy and 22 of polyploidy in the genus. The ancestral life history is hypothesized to be annual in subgenus Chronosemium and equivocal in subgenus Trifolium.
    [Show full text]
  • 25 May 2021 Aperto
    AperTO - Archivio Istituzionale Open Access dell'Università di Torino Contribution to the floristic knowledge of the head of the Po Valley (Piedmont, north Italy) This is the author's manuscript Original Citation: Availability: This version is available http://hdl.handle.net/2318/1667457 since 2019-08-20T10:43:39Z Published version: DOI:10.3897/[email protected] Terms of use: Open Access Anyone can freely access the full text of works made available as "Open Access". Works made available under a Creative Commons license can be used according to the terms and conditions of said license. Use of all other works requires consent of the right holder (author or publisher) if not exempted from copyright protection by the applicable law. (Article begins on next page) 05 October 2021 Supplementary data 1.1. Area where the annual field trip of the working group for Floristics, Systematics and Evolution of the Italian Botanical Society took place, from 9 to 12 July 2014. For detailed topographic map of each site see Suppl. material 1: 6. 1.2. Monviso and the head of Po Valley. 2.1. Temperature and rainfall data for the weather station of Paesana (1,265 m a.s.l.) in the period 1993-2017. 2.2. Temperature and rainfall data for the weather station of Crissolo (1,342 m a.s.l.) in the period 2012-2017. 2.3. Snowfall data for the weather stations of Paesana (1,265 m a.s.l.) and Pian Giasset (2,150 m a.s.l.) in the period 2002-2017. 3. The 34 participants to the field trip of the working group for Floristics, Systematics and Evolution of the Italian Botanical Society from 9 to 12 July 2014.
    [Show full text]
  • Studies on Micropropagation, Cellular Behavior, Photosynthetic and Biological Activities of Red Clover (Trifolium Pratense L.)
    STUDIES ON MICROPROPAGATION, CELLULAR BEHAVIOR, PHOTOSYNTHETIC AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF RED CLOVER (TRIFOLIUM PRATENSE L.) ARASH KHORASANI ESMAEILIMalaya of FACULTY OF SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA KUALA LUMPUR University 2016 ARASH KHORASANI ESMAEILI THESIS SUBMITTED IN FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE MalayaOF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY of FACULTY OF SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA KUALA LUMPUR 2016 University UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA ORIGINAL LITERARY WORK DECLARATION Name of Candidate: Arash Khorasani Esmaeili Registration/Matric No: SHC120005 Name of Degree: Doctor of Philosophy Title of Project Paper/Research Report/Dissertation/Thesis (“this Work”): Study on Micropropagation, Cellular Behavior, Photosynthetic and Biological Activities of Red Clover (Trifolium pratense L.) Field of Study: Plant Biotechnology I do solemnly and sincerely declare that: (1) I am the sole author/writer of this Work; (2) This Work is original; (3) Any use of any work in which copyright existsMalaya was done by way of fair dealing and for permitted purposes and any excerpt or extract from, or reference to or reproduction of any copyright work has been disclosed expressly and sufficiently and the title of ofthe Work and its authorship have been acknowledged in this Work; (4) I do not have any actual knowledge nor do I ought reasonably to know that the making of this work constitutes an infringement of any copyright work; (5) I hereby assign all and every rights in the copyright to this Work to the University of Malaya (“UM”), who henceforth shall be owner of the copyright in this Work and that any reproduction or use in any form or by any means whatsoever is prohibited without the written consent of UM having been first had and obtained; (6) I am fully aware that if in the course of making this Work I have infringed any copyright whether intentionally or otherwise, I may be subject to legal action or any other action as may be determined by UM.
    [Show full text]
  • Trifolium Sect
    ISSN: 0211-9714 TRIFOLIUM SECT. PARAMESUS Y SECT. TRIFOLIASTRUM EN LA PENINSULA IBÉRICA. II. ESTUDIO CARIOLOGICO Trifolium sect. Paramesus and sect. Trifoliastrum in the Iberian peninsula. II. Karyological study A.F. MUÑOZ RODRÍGUEZ Dpto. de Biología y Producción de los Vegetales, Escuela Universitaria de Ingeniería Técni­ ca Agrícola, Universidad de Extremadura. 06071 Badajoz, España. RESUMEN: El trabajo comprende un estudio de la cariología de las especies peninsulares de las secciones Paramesus y Trifoliastrum del género Trifolium. Se estudia el número cromosómico y se hace una descripción de los cariotipos de un total de 16 de los 19 taxones que se reconocen para este área. Palabras clave: Trifolium, Leguminosae, Cariología, Biosistemática, Península Ibérica. SUMMARY: This research comprise a caryologic study for the species of Trifo­ lium sect. Paramesus and sect. Trifoliastrum occurring in the Iberian Peninsula. Chromosomic numbers are studied, and descripions of the cariotypes are done for 16 of the 19 taxa that are recognized in this area. Keywords: Trifolium, Leguminosae, Karyology, Biosystematics, Iberian Peninsula. INTRODUCCIÓN A nivel cariológico, ambas secciones forman un grupo en el cual todas las especies de las que se conoce el número cromosómico poseen el número bási­ co x=8 (ZOHARY & HELLER, 1984), por lo que es de gran importancia la aporta­ ción de datos acerca de la morfología de sus cromosomas en el estudio biosis- © Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca Stud. bot. 14, 1995, pp. 103-128 204 A.F. MUÑOZ RODRÍGUEZ TRIFOLIUM SECT. PASAMESUS Y SECT. TRIFOIIASTRM EN LA PENINSULA IBÉRICA. II. ESTUDIO CARIOLÓGICO temático del grupo. En este sentido es de destacar el estudio llevado a cabo por CHEN & GIBSON (1971), con la aportación de datos cariotípicos de 15 especies de la sect.
    [Show full text]
  • The Utility of Barcodes and Sequencing Techniques*
    PL-ISSN 0015-5497 (print), ISSN 1734-9168 (online) Folia Biologica (Kraków), vol. 62 (2014), No 3 Ó Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, PAS, Kraków, 2014 doi:10.3409/fb62_3.223 A DNA Metabarcoding Study of a Polyphagous Beetle Dietary Diversity: the Utility of Barcodes and Sequencing Techniques* £ukasz KAJTOCH Accepted May 15, 2014 KAJTOCH º. 2014. A DNA metabarcoding study of a polyphagous beetle dietary diversity: the utility of barcodes and sequencing techniques. Folia Biologica (Kraków) 62: 223-234. Recently developed techniques of DNA barcoding and next-generation sequencing (NGS) overcome previous limitations of evaluation of animal diet composition and together are promising method in molecular ecology. The objective was to compare standard ABI Sanger sequencing with new high throughput sequencing (Illumina MiSeq) technique and the two selected plant barcodes (rbcL gene and trnL intron) in terms of the identification of host plant composition for the selected beetle species – the Centricnemus leucogrammus weevil. A comparison of two sequencing techniques showed that NGS (in this case Illumina) gave more exhaustive results than the Sanger method. Moreover, it was proven that a two-locus barcoding systems (rbcL and trnL) is sufficient for host plant identification from DNA isolated from insect bodies, at least at the genus level. A comparison of host plant composition among distant populations revealed that the studied species did not feed uniformly across its range. This probably reveals an ecological adaptation of geographically and genetically isolated populations. These findings, beside broadening basic knowledge on the use of barcoding and sequencing techniques for host plant identifications in insect populations, can have implications for conservation studies and strategies for rare and endangered species.
    [Show full text]