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Alarj Vol 17 No 2 October 2011 Decolonising Action Research Special Edition ALAR Journal Vol 17 No 2 October 2011 ALAR Journal is published by the Action Learning, Action Research Association (ALARA) Inc Managing Editor: Susan Goff Guest Editors: Bronwyn Fredericks and Karen Adams Special edition editorial team: Mat Jakobi, Michael Wright, Shannon Faulkhead, Adrienne Ormond, Bronwyn Fredericks, Karan Adams, Paul Aylward, Margaret O’Connell, Janet Kelly, June Lennie, Janet McIntyre, Shankar Sankaran, Jill Sanguinetti, Jack Whitehead, Janette Young, Phil Crane, Maya Cordeiro, Amoy Ong, Fernando Wagner, Marian Naidoo, Rirepti Reedy, Susan Goff Cover Artwork: Pamela Croft, © 1991 Editorial inquiries: The editor, ALAR Journal ALARA Inc PO Box 1748 Toowong Qld 4066 Australia [email protected] ALAR Journal Volume 17 No 2 October 2011 ISSN 1326-964X CONTENTS Editorial 2 Bronwyn Fredericks and Karen Adams, Guest Editors Engaging the practice of Indigenous yarning in Action Research 12 Bronwyn Fredericks, Karen Adams, Summer Finlay, Gillian Fletcher, Simone Andy, Lyn Briggs, Lisa Briggs and Robert Hall Research as intervention: Engaging silenced voices 25 Michael Wright Decolonising activism/deactivating colonialism 47 Clare Land PAR/RAP: Participation Action research/Research Action Participation 69 Bronwyn Fredericks Intuition and congruence: Researching peace in Melanesia 72 Louise Vella The development of cuckoo: Finding art through participative action and 90 inquiry Anna Liebzeit Healing historical unresolved grief: a decolonizing methodology for 97 Indigenous language revitalisation and survival Thohahoken Michael Doxtater While we are together, this is how we see it: how we claim that our 118 approach to Action Research actualises decolonisation Riripeti Reedy and Susan Goff Using Ganma knowledge sharing as a decolonising approach to conference 137 planning and facilitation. Kim O’Donnell and Janet Kelly Participation as a method of sharing Koorie narratives. 157 Ian Hamilton Book Review 177 Bill Genat ALARA membership and journal submissions 179 ALAR Journal Vol 17 No 2 October 2011 1 ALARj 17 (2) (2011) 2-11 © 2011 Action Learning Action Research Association. www.alara.net.au All rights reserved. Editorial: Decolonising Action Research Bronwyn Fredericks and Karen Adams This edition of the ALAR Action learning action research journal aims to capture some of the current dilemmas, solutions and actions researchers experience in the decolonising space. This collection of papers demonstrates that researchers are not only undertaking action research with and within Indigenous and non- Indigenous contexts, but that they are doing so in exciting and dynamic ways across a diversity of situations. First we will address some of the literature on decolonisation. Then we will explain how this specific edition of the Journal came to fruition and aspects of action research. Decolonisation Sherwood, Keech, Keenan and Kelly (2011) assert that ‘decolonisation is a process that requires the positioning of oneself in history and the recognition of ideas and assumptions that have informed one’s worldview’ (2011, p.194) Sherwood (2009) explains that decolonisation requires us: to examine the impact of colonizaton has upon their past and present in order to formulate a future that does not reinstate the past. To take these steps requires a balance of histories, informing our current political and social context, critical reflexive practice and open communication with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples (Sherwood 2009, p.24). The work of Sherwood (2009) and her colleagues (Sherwood et al. 2011) along with Battiste (1995); Rigney (1999); Smith (1999); and others assists us all in the process of learning and developing a deeper understanding of the relations between Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples. Lowman explains that ‘the concept and process of decolonization and self-decolonization are critical in moving towards new peaceful and just relationships between Settler and Indigenous peoples’ (Lowman, 2007). We assert that it is through decolonisation and decolonisation that we can come to know ourselves and each more and that action research offers a medium for doing this. Decolonisation is not just a process for non-Indigenous peoples. It is also a process for Indigenous peoples 2 ALAR Journal Vol 17 No 2 October 2011 ALARj 17 (2) (2011) 2-11 © 2011 Action Learning Action Research Association. www.alara.net.au All rights reserved. for we too are a product of a colonial history. It is understood that both Indigenous and non-Indigenous people have been colonised through the global colonial project (Henderson ,2000; Smith, 1999). This is regardless of whether we are in Australia, Canada, the United States of America, New Zealand, South Africa and many other places in the contemporary world. The 2010 World Congress This edition came about through the decolonising stream that emerged at the World Congress on Action Research and Action Learning, held in Melbourne, Australia in September 2010. The work however started many years before this. A number of people involved in ALARA had been discussing since at least the early 2000’s the need for a stronger focus on Indigenous peoples and action research. This led to a congress in 2007 in Adelaide with an Indigenous stream (see Kim O’Donnell and Janet Kelly’s paper in this edition). In 2009 we (Bronwyn Fredericks and Karen Adams) were approached by Bill Genat (from ALARA) to assist in the development of a praxis stream in relation to Indigenous peoples. We decided upon the theme of decolonisation and action research as many action researchers refer to the term decolonisation as part of their methods and processes. We thought that the praxis stream would allow action research practitioners to come together to discuss what this meant and present the work they had been doing in this area. To encourage Indigenous people to attend we put the call for Congress abstracts out through many networks and ALARA supported several scholarships to cover costs of travel and accommodation. The scholarships enabled a number of people to attend including, Elder Uncle Ross Watson and Pamela Croft also called Pamela Croft Warcon. We benefited from having these two people at the Congress in terms of their experience, stories and wisdom. The Decolonisation and Action Research Stream witnessed fifteen presentations and two workshops over the four days. The presentations came from many Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples drawn from Australia, Canada, Philippines, Mexico, Papua New Guinea and New Zealand. Notably there was a broad number and mix of Indigenous peoples who attended the Congress. Presentations covered an array of disciplines and fields of research but all endeavoured to centre on decolonising practice and decolonising spaces of research. Topics such as the murky boundaries of insiders and outsiders, benefits for both colonisers and colonised, seeming blindness to Indigenous knowledges and the importance of careful listening were but a few of the discussions held. The first day involved a number of presentations from a broad range of topics and countries. On the second day Professor Linda Tuhiwai Smith gave an ALAR Journal Vol 17 No 2 October 2011 3 ALARj 17 (2) (2011) 2-11 © 2011 Action Learning Action Research Association. www.alara.net.au All rights reserved. entertaining and insightful keynote address. She weaved her story demonstrating practitioner skill development over many years and shared knowledge gained from her action research practice (Smith 1999). This was followed by more presentations and an experiential workshop on unspoken cultural rules. On the third day people were bussed to the Koorie Heritage Trust, a not-for-profit Aboriginal community controlled organisation that aims to protect, preserve and promote the living cultures of Aboriginal people of south- eastern Australia. There were more thought provoking presentations and a second experiential workshop in diversity and role play that involved tea sets and a lot of imagination. There were some main themes that emerged across the three days that included: the researcher’s role; partnership development; and methodologies. A number of papers and workshops raised much discussion and debate about methods and processes for conducting this type of research. We are appreciative of the invitation from the Action Learning Action Research Association for a Stream at the Congress and then a specific edition of the Journal. It is important that Indigenous peoples be given space and opportunities to speak and engage within research forums such as the World Congress on Action Learning Action Research and other forums, symposiums and conference along with contributing to journals. Particularly as action research is often recommended for use with Indigenous peoples. We must be provided with opportunities for intellectual dialogue with others, within academic contexts. These spaces and opportunities need to be provided by non-Indigenous people that control access. These engagement opportunities ensure that Indigenous and non-Indigenous people connect with the dialogues that we are having with one another – regionally, nationally and internationally about Indigenous peoples and research. In addition, in not engaging with us, non-Indigenous people risk learning about Indigenous people and our issues, our history, our worldviews and our different knowledges only from and through the eyes of other non- Indigenous people. In this, non-Indigenous people risk only ever knowing Aboriginal
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