WB Loans Hunan Integrated Economic
Public Disclosure Authorized Development of Small Towns Project
Yueshan Waste Water Treatment Plan
Public Disclosure Authorized Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
Public Disclosure Authorized Consigned by: WB Loan Project Management Office of Hunan
Provincial Development and Reform Commission
Compiled by: Changsha Environmental Protection Career
Technical College
December, 2011 Public Disclosure Authorized Table of Contents
1 GENERAL ...... 5
1.1 General Background of the Project ...... 5 1.1.1 Origin of the Project ...... 5 1.1.2 Significance of the Project Construction...... 6 1.1.3 Target of the Project...... 7 1.1.4 Contribution of the WB...... 7 1.1.5 Organizational Structure of the Project...... 8
1.2 Overview of EIA Report...... 9 1.2.1 Purpose of Assessment ...... 9 1.2.2 Type of EIA ...... 9 1.2.3 Preparation of the Environomental Impact Report ...... 10 1.2.4 Keys of Assessment ...... 10
1.3 Grading, Scope and Periods of the Assessment and Target of Environmental Protection (Sensitive Points)...... 11 1.3.1 Grading and Scope of the Assessment ...... 11 1.3.2 Periods of the Environmental Assessment ...... 13 1.3.3 Target of Environmental Protection (Sensitive Points) ...... 13
1.4 Environmental impact Factors and Assessment Factors ...... 15 1.4.1 Identification of Environmental impact Factors...... 15 1.4.2 Environmental Impact and Selection of Assessment Factors ...... 17
2 Policies, Laws and Regulations and Administration Framework...... 21
2.1 Environmental Policies, Laws and Regulations...... 21 2.1.1 Overview...... 21 2.1.2 Laws and Regulations on Environmental Protection...... 21 2.1.3 Regulations and Requirements and Local Laws in Relation with Environmental protection ...... 22 2.1.4 Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment and the Provisions ...... 23 2.1.5 Environment Quality Standards ...... 23 2.1.6 Pollutant Discharge or Emission Standards ...... 24 2.1.7 Safeguard Policies of WB...... 24 2.1.8 Documents Related to the Project...... 25
2.2 Environment Administration Organizations and Functions ...... 25
3 Description and Analysis of the Project ...... 28
3.1 Project Name and Composition ...... 28
3.2 Construction Proposal of the Project...... 29 3.2.1 Construction Content and Scale...... 29 3.2.2 Main Equipment of the Project ...... 31 3.2.3 Technological Introduction ...... 33 3.2.4 General Layout of Plant Site...... 38 3.2.5 Service Scope and Wastewater Discharge Forecast ...... 40 3.2.6 Designed Inflow and Outflow Water Quality ...... 47
3.3 Pipe Network and Pumping Stations...... 48
3.4 Analysis of the Pollution Sources of the Project ...... 49
3.5 Associated Works with the Project...... 50
3.6 Project Investment Estimate ...... 50
3.7 Schedule of the Project Implementation Progress ...... 52 3.7.1 Construction Period ...... 52 3.7.2 Scheduling ...... 53
4 Profile of the Project Location Environment ...... 55
4.1 Natural Environment Profile ...... 55 4.1.1 Geographic Location and Traffic...... 55 4.1.2 Geological Features...... 55 4.1.3 Weather and Climate ...... 55 4.1.4 Hydrology...... 55 4.1.5 Ecological Environment ...... 56
4.2 Social Environment Profile...... 57 4.2.1 Administrative Division...... 57 4.2.2 Economic Status ...... 57 4.2.3 Infrastructure...... 58
4.3 Status Quo of Quality of the Project Area Environment...... 58 4.3.1 Atmospheric Environment...... 58 4.3.2 Environment of Surface Water...... 60 4.3.3 Acoustic Environment ...... 62
4.4 Basic Information for Major Concern on Safeguard Policies of the WB ...... 63
5 Environmental Impact Assessment ...... 64
5.1 Analysis on Impact of the Project to Human Health ...... 64 5.1.1 Environmental Benefits Brought by Implementation of the Project ...... 64
II
5.1.2 Analysis on Impact to Human Health...... 65
5.2 Analysis on Impact to Environment in Construction Period ...... 65 5.2.1 Analysis on Dust Pollution Source and Environmental Impact...... 65 5.2.2 Analysis on Impact of Construction Wastewater ...... 66 5.2.3 Analysis on Impact of Noise...... 68 5.2.4 Analysis on Impact of Solid Waste...... 69 5.2.5 Impact Analysis of Water Loss and Soil Erosion ...... 70 5.2.6 Ecological Impact Analysis ...... 71 5.2.7 Impact on the Traffic ...... 72 5.2.8 Health and Safety Impact ...... 73
5.3 Analysis on Impact on the Environment during the Operation Period ...... 73 5.3.1 Impact of the Project on Water Conditions ...... 73 5.3.2 Solid Waste...... 82 5.3.3 Impact on Air Quality...... 89 5.3.4 Impact on the Acoustic Environment ...... 90
6 Countermeasures ...... 92
6.1 Countermeasures during the Construction Period ...... 92 6.1.1 Waste Gas ...... 92 6.1.2 Noise...... 93 6.1.3 Wastewater ...... 94 6.1.4 Solid Waste...... 95 6.1.5 Ecological Environment ...... 95 6.1.6 Social Environment...... 96
6.2 Countermeasures during the Operating Period...... 97 6.2.1 Waste Gas ...... 97 6.2.2 Wastewater ...... 98 6.2.3 Noise...... 99 6.2.4 Solid Waste...... 99 6.2.5 Ecological Environment ...... 101
7 Environmental Risk Analysis and Mitigation Measures ...... 103
7.1 Environmental Risk Identification...... 103
7.2 Impact Analysis on Potential Environmental Risk Accidents of the WWTP...... 103 7.2.1 Sudden Accidents ...... 103 7.2.2 Equipment Failure...... 103 7.2.3 Inflow Water Quality Impact...... 104 7.2.4 Risk Accidents during Normal Operation...... 104
7.3 Risk Mitigation Measures ...... 105
III
7.3.1 Equipment Security Measures...... 105 7.3.2 Protection of Abnormal Wastewater Discharge ...... 106 7.3.3 Emergency Measures for Sudden Waste Water Discharge Risk Accident ...... 108 7.3.4 Staff Personal Security Measures...... 108 7.3.5 Protective Measures for the Impact of Sludge Discharge on Environment...... 109 7.3.6 Preventive Measures for the Impact of Flood to the WWTP ...... 110
7.4 Emergency Authorities and Assignment of Responsibilities of the WWTP...... 110
8 Comparison and Selection of Alternative Proposals...... 112
8.1 Comparison and analysis of Zero Proposal ...... 112
8.2 Comparison and analysis of Pipe Network Proposals ...... 113 8.2.1 Principles for Determining the Pipe Network Proposal...... 113 8.2.2 Wastewater Pipe Network Proposal of the Project...... 114
8.3 Comparison and analysis of the WWTP Site ...... 114 8.3.1 Principles for Site Selection ...... 114 8.3.2 Proposal for Site Selection ...... 115 8.3.3 Comparison and Determination of the Site Selection Proposals...... 115
8.4 Comparison and analysis of Wastewater Treatment Process Proposals...... 119 8.4.1 Selection Criterion of Wastewater Treatment Process ...... 119 8.4.2 Wastewater Treatment Process Proposal ...... 119 8.4.3 Comparison and Determination of Process Proposals...... 127
8.5 Comparison and Analysis of Disinfection Proposals...... 129 8.5.1 Brief Introduction to Disinfection Methods...... 130 8.5.2 Comparison and Determination of Disinfection Methods ...... 131
8.6 Selection and Comparison of Sludge Treatment Proposals...... 132 8.6.1 Comparison and Determination of Wastewater Treatment Processes...... 132 8.6.2 Comparison and Determination of Sludge Treatment Processes ...... 134
9 Analysis of Gains and Losses of Environment and Economy ...... 137
9.1 Environmental Benefit...... 137 9.1.1 Pollutant Load Cut ...... 137 9.1.2 Improved Water Quality ...... 137 9.1.3 Improvement Benefit of Environmental Management Capability ...... 137 9.1.4 Provision of Good Environmental Conditions for Regional Social and Economic Development...... 137
9.2 Social Benefits ...... 138
IV
9.2.1 Improvement of Healthy Level of Domestic Citizens and Living Quality in the River Basin ...... 138 9.2.2 Addition of Employment Chances...... 138 9.2.3 Improvement of Residents' Environmental Awareness ...... 138 9.2.4 Provision of Base Data for Abatement of District Pollution...... 139
9.3 Economic Benefits ...... 139 9.3.1 Economic Benefits from Pollution Control ...... 139 9.3.2 Benefits from Revenue Increase ...... 139
9.4 Conclusions ...... 140
10 Public Participation ...... 141
10.1 Implementation Arrangement...... 141
10.2 Survey Results and Discussions of Public Participation...... 142
10.3 Information Disclosure ...... 146
11 Migration and Social Impacts ...... 150
11.1 General Situations ...... 150
11.2 Project Impacts ...... 150
11.3 Law and Policy Framework...... 154 11.3.1 Major Law and Policy Criteria...... 154 11.3.2 Main principles ...... 156
11.4 Compensation Standard for Land Acquisition ...... 157
11.5 Land Recovery Proposal...... 158 11.5.1 Compensation and Arrangement for Permanent Land Acquisition ...... 158 11.5.2 Recovery of Livelihood of the Farmers Affected By Land Acquisition...... 159 11.5.3 Resettlement and Recovery of Affected Vulnerable Groups...... 159
11.6 Vulnerable Groups ...... 160
11.7 Institutional Arrangement ...... 160
11.8 Complaint Settlement Mechanism ...... 161
11.9 Monitoring and Evaluation...... 162 11.9.1 Internal Monitoring ...... 162 11.9.2 External Monitoring ...... 163
11.10 Financing and Implementation Plans ...... 165
V
12 Environment Management Plan...... 169
12.1 Environment Management System...... Error! Bookmark not defined. 12.1.2 Environmental Protection Organization during the Construction Period ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. 12.1.3 Environment Management Organization during the Operation Period ...... 177
12.2 Implementation of Environment Management Plan...... Error! Bookmark not defined. 12.2.1 Detailed Tasks of Implementation of Environment Management Plan ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. 12.2.2 Contract Requirements for Environment Management ...... 181 12.2.3 Information Communication and Solution of Unconformities ...... 182 12.2.4 Training—Necessary Capability Construction and Method Construction...... 183
12.3 Environment Monitoring Plan ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. 12.3.1 Monitoring Objective ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. 12.3.2 Environment Monitoring Institution ...... 187 12.3.3 Detailed Environment Monitoring Requirements ...... 191
12.4 Environment Management Expenses Estimate and Source of Funds ...... 191 12.4.1 Budget Allocation ...... 191 12.4.2 Source of Funds and EMP Budget ...... 191
12.5 Information Management of Environment Management Plan ...... 192 12.5.1 Information Communication...... 192 12.5.2 Record Mechanism...... 192 12.5.3 Report Mechanism...... 193
13 Conclusions of Environmental Assessment ...... 195
VI List of Appendixes
Appendix 1 Environmental Standards for the Project
Appendix 2 Odor Prediction Model and Results
Appendix 3 Materials Related to Public Participation
Appendix 4 Planning and Detailed Budget of Project Environmental Monitoring
Appendix 5 Project Associated Works (Environmental Monitoring Plan of Quanhu Garbage Disposal Plant, Xiangxaing City)
Appendix 6 Summary of Project Environmental Management Plan
List of Figures Figure 1 Geographic Location of Hunan Province in China Figure 2 Geographic Location of the Project Figure 3 Geographic Location of the WWTP Figure 4 Layout Plan of the Project Area Figure 5 Pipe Network of the WWTP Figure 6 Transportation Route Diagram of the Project
ABBREVIATIONS