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The Letters to His FRIENDS^ AMC-5709 (Ab)

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-^pcfw^ <2 L"S. %,- ',<? '•4 CICERO THE LETTEES TO HIS FRIENDS WITH AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION BY W. GLYNN WILLIAMS, M.A. rORMKRLY SCHOLAR OF ST. JOHN'S COLXEOE, CAMBRIDOK AND HEADMASTER OF FRIARS SCHOOL, BANGOR IN THREE VOLUMES II LOXDOX WILLIAM HEINEMANN LTD CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETfS HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRES, MOMLH ^\CHAfi First printed 1928 Reprinted 1943, 195:2 0EC 1 3 ?952 Printed in Great Britain I CONTENTS OF VOLUME II ix Introduction. .... xii Chronological Summary . BOOK VII LETTKBS i.-iv. To Marcus Marius . 2 V. To Julius Caesar ... 22 vi.-xxii. To Trebatius Testa ... 26 xxiii.-xxvi. To Marcus Fadius Gallus . 66 xxvii. To Titus Fadius Gallus . 78 xxvin. To Manius Curius ... 80 XXIX. The same to Cicero . 84 xxx.-xxxi. To Manius Curius ... 86 XXXII.-XXXIII. To PUBLIUS VOLUMNIUS EuTRA- PELUS ..... 90 BOOK via i.-xvii. Marcus Caelius Rufus to Cicero 98 V CONTENTS ROOK IX LETTERS pj^OB i.-viii. To Marcus T6rentius Varro . 184 IX. PuBLius Cornelius Dolabellato Cicero ..... 210 x.-xiv. To PuBLius Cornelius Dolabella 214 XV. -XXVI. To Lucius Papikius Paetus . 232 BOOK X Summary of the Cisalpine Campaign . 286 I. -III. To Lucius Munatius Plancus . 2,90 IV. The same to Cicero. 300 v.-vi. To Lucius Munatius Plancus . 304 vii. The same to Cicero . .310 viii. The same to the Consuls etc. 312 IX. The same to Cicero . , 320 X. To Lucius Munatius Plancus . 322 XI. The same to Cicero . 326 xii.-xiv. To Lucius Munatius Plancus . 330 XV. The same to Cicero . 340 XVI. To Lucius Munatius Plancus . 342 xvii.-xviii. The same to Cicero. 346 XIX. -XX. To Lucius Munatius Plancus . 352 XXI. The same to Cic"ro, . 356 XXII. To Lucius Munatius Plancus . 364 xxiii.-xxiv. The same to Cicero . S66 vi CONTENTS ^*"* LKrrEM xxv.-xxvi. To Gaius Furnius . .378 XXVII. To Marcus Aemilius Lepidus . 386 XXVIII. To Gaius Trebonius . 388 XXIX. To Afpius Claudius . 392 XXX. Seiivius Sulpicius Galba to Cicero 392 / xxxi.-xxxiii. Gaius Asinius Pollio to Cicero 398 xxxiv.-xxxv. Marcus Aemilius Lepidus to Cicero . .418 BOOK XI I. Decimus Junius Brutus to Marcus Brutus and Gaius Cassius 426 ii.-iii. Marcus Brutus and Gaius Cassius to Marcus Antonius 430 IV. Decimus Brutus to Cicero .• 438 v.-viii. To Decimus Brutus . 438 ix.-xi. The same to Cicero . 450 XII. To Decimus Brutus . 458 XIII. The same to Cicero . 460 xiv.-xviii. To Decimus Brutus . 466 xix.-xx. The same to Cicero . 476 XXI.—XXII. To Decimus Brutus , . 482 XXIII. The same to Cicero . 488 vii CONTENTS LBTTERS PAor. XXIV.-XXV. To Decimus Brutus . xxvi. The same to Cicero XXVII. To Gaius Matius 494. xxviii. The same to Cicero 502 XXIX. To Gaius Oppius 510 BOOK XII i.-x. To Gaius Cassius . , .516 xi.-xii. The same to Cicero . 544 xiii. Cassius Parmensis to Cicero . 550 XIV. PuBLIUS LeNTULUS TO CiCERO . 556 XV. The same to the Consuls etc, 566 XVI. Gaius Trebonius to Cicero . 576 xvxi.-xxx. To Qutntus Cornificius . 580 Order op Letters ..... 625 Index, of Names 629 viu INTRODUCTION " This collection of Cicero's " Letters to his Friends was preserved and edited by his secretary Tiro. The collection is inadequately entitled, as it includes several letters, some of them of profound interest, from his friends to Cicero. There are 426 letters, divided into sixteen books, not arranged in any sort of order," chronological or otherwise, except that letters from or to particular correspondents are generally grouped together ; the third book, for instance, consists exclusively of letters from Cicero to Appius Claudius Pulcher, and the eighth book of letters from Marcus Caehus Rufus to Cicero. The earliest letter is one from Cicero to Pompey (x. 7) dated 62 B.C., the year after Cicero's consul- ship ; the latest is one from him to Cassius (xii. 10) WTitten in 43 b.c, the year after the assassination of Caesar, and a few months before his own. These nineteen years from 62 to 43 e.g. cover a period of supreme importance in the history of the Roman Repubhc—a period more minutely described and vividly illustrated in these letters, giving us as they do the different points of view of various corre- spondents, than even in the " Letters to Atticus," written by Cicero alone. " The confusion thus caused is to some extent obviated by a summary, in chronological order, prefixed to each volume, of the events in each year covered by the Letters. ix INTRODUCTION The Letters vary greatly in interest and style ; while many of them contain matter of the highest literary or historical value—as, for instance, Cicero's explanation of his political change of front (i. 9), Sulpicius Rufus's letter of condolence to Cicero on the death of his daughter Tullia (iv. 5) and Matius's defence of his friendship for Caesar (xi. 28)—others are no more than merely formal documents. text is The based on that of Nobbe (1849) ; but where there vi'as an obvious call for emendation in that text I have not hesitated to adopt other readings, always with due acknowledgement. Such universally accepted orthographical correc- tions as cum for quum, consili for consilii, and causa for caussa I have made as a matter of course. To Tyrrell and Purser's exhaustive (it has rightly been described as "monumental") Com- mentary on the Correspondefice of Cicero " I have made constant reference, and owe more than I can tell ; I have depended upon it, too, for the dates of the letters. Watson's Select Letters (with the recently revised edition by Mr. W. W, How), and Pritchard and Bernard's Selected Letters for the use of Schools have been of invaluable assistance to me, and I have freely consulted the admirable translations of all or some of the letters by E. S. Shuckburgh, G. E. Jeans, and S. H. Jeyes. To all the above distinguished Ciceronians I acknowledge with gratitude my very deep indebted- " Referred to in my notes for the sake of brevity as 'Tyrrell." INTRODUCTION The Manuscripts The oldest and soundest ms. of the Epistulae ad Familiares is the Codex Mediceus 49. 9» now in the Laurentian Library at Florence. This is kno-WTi as M. Other Mss., each giving some of the letters, are : G, Codex Harleianus 2773, in the British Museum. R, Codex Parisianus 17812, in the Bibliotheque Nationale. (G and R are closely connected, and both in- dependent of M.) T, Codex Turonensis 688, in the Library of Tours. H, Codex Harleianus 2682, in the British Museum. F, Codex Erfurtensis, now Berohnensis, 252, which closely follows H. D, Codex Palatinus, originally at Heidelberg, now in the Vatican. Of these M alone contains all the Epistulae ad Familiares, G, R, and T giving different portions of Bks. L to VIIL, and H, F, and D of Bks. IX. to X\T XI A CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE PRINCIPAL EVENTS IN THE LIFE OF CICERO DATE B.C. 106. Cicero is born on Jan. 3 near Arpinum. 89. Serves under Cn. Pompeius Strabo in the Marsic War. 86. Writes his De inventione. 80. Dehvers his speech Pro Sex. Roscio Amerino. 79-78, Travels in Greece and Asia. 77. Returns to Rome, and marries Terentia. 75-74. Serves as quaestor for Lilybaeum in Sicily. 70. Accuses Verres. First Consulship of Pompey and Crassus. 69. Curule aedile. 66. Praetor. Speech Pro lege Manilia. 64. Elected Consul with C. Antonius Hybrida (the latter by a small majority over Catihne). 63 B.C. § 1 . Cicero, being now consul, successfully opposes the agrarian law of the tribune P. Servilius Rullus, which was in the interests of Caesar and Crassus, and CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY intended to check the growing power of Pompey. Caesar is elected Pontifex Maximus. Cicero carries in the Senate the proposal of a svpplicatio of unusual length to Pompey in honour of his eastern triumphs. § 2. Having conciliated his colleague C. Antonius by resigning to him the governorship in 62 of the rich proWnce of Macedonia, Cicero felt himself able in the autumn of 63 to oppose the treasonable designs of L. Sergius CatiUna, of which he had full information from the spy, L, Curius. In the consular elections for 62 Catihne was again defeated. On October 21 Cicero foretold the rising of the Catili- narian Manlius in Etruria on the 27th. Martial law was proclaimed, and the conspirators failed in an attempt to seize Praeneste on November 1, and another plot to murder Cicero was exposed. But Catiline had the audacity to appear in the Senate on November 8, when Cicero so crushingly denounced him that he left Rome to take command of the insurgents in Etruria. § 3. Certain envoys of the Allobroges, having been approached by the conspirators to supply Catiline with cavalry, were arrested, and on the strength of incriminating letters found upon them the following five conspirators were seized and imprisoned — P. Lentulus Sura (praetor), C. Cethegus (senator), L. Statilius, P. Gabinius Cimber, and M. Caeparius ; and at a meeting of the Senate on December 5, mainly at the instance of M, Cato, though Caesar, then praetor elect, was opposed to it, a decree was carried that the five conspirators arrested should be put to death, and that same evening they were strangled under Cicero's supervision. xiii CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY § 4. On December 29 the tribune Q. Metellus Nepos vetoed Cicero's address to the people on going out of office, alleging that " he had put citizens to " death without a trial ; but Cicero's declaration that he had thereby saved his country was received with applause. This Metellus was one of Pompey's officers and was probably instigated by his general, who was chagrined that Cicero, and not he, should have quelled the conspiracy.
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