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The Work of the Historian: to Research, Summarize, and Communicate1
DOI: 10.5533/TEM-1980-542X-2014203606 Revista Tempo | 2014 v20 | Article The work of the historian: to research, summarize, and communicate1 O trabalho do historiador: pesquisar, resumir, comunicar El trabajo del historiador: buscar, resumir, comunicar Le travail de l’historien: rechercher, résumer et documenter Giovanni Levi would like to begin by explaining in what sense History is a science. It may seem childish to start by defining what History is, but I think it is essential I to explain why 95% of jobs in the area are uninteresting and only 5% are interesting. That happens mostly because many people have a false idea of the sense in which history is a science. My definition is: history is the science of the general questions, but of the local responses. We cannot imagine a generalization in history that is valid. In other words, we can ask what fascism is, but there are different fascisms in Italy, Spain or Portugal. Therefore, we must preserve the peculiarities and the place — here understood as a specific situation — in the works of historians. To work on the general, but a general that is always set as questions, and not as answers. Let me give an example that is not historiographical (but still usefu. When Freud talks about the Oedipus complex, he poses a good general question: everyone has the Oedipus complex, but none of the complexes is generalizable. The fact that we all have the Oedipus complex tells us nothing. It is a relevant question, but it will have different answers for each of us. -
Eui Working Papers
Max Weber Lecture Series MWP - LS 2008/02 Theories of European Integration: a Geoculture Perry Anderson EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE MAX WEBER PROGRAMME Theories of European Integration: a Geoculture PERRY ANDERSON Lecture Delivered November 21st 2007 MAX WEBER LECTURE No. 2008/02 This text may be downloaded for personal research purposes only. Any additional reproduction for other purposes, whether in hard copy or electronically, requires the consent of the author(s), editor(s). If cited or quoted, reference should be made to the full name of the author(s), editor(s), the title, the working paper or other series, the year, and the publisher. The author(s)/editor(s) should inform the Max Weber Programme of the EUI if the paper is to be published elsewhere, and should also assume responsibility for any consequent obligation(s). ISSN 1830-7736 © 2008 Perry Anderson Printed in Italy European University Institute Badia Fiesolana I – 50014 San Domenico di Fiesole (FI) Italy http://www.eui.eu/ http://cadmus.eui.eu/ Theories of European Integration: a Geoculture PERRY ANDERSON♣ I should open my talk this afternoon with an apology. My theme is in one sense a very simple one. But to explore it adequately would require fuller treatment than is possible here. Moreover, even what I do say will no doubt be guilty of a certain astigmatism or ignorance, open to correction. My topic will be a pattern that I can state baldly at the outset. The European Union has, over the fifty years of its existence, generated an enormous literature. Yet – such is the argument I will make - few of the leading contributions to it have been written by Europeans. -
Ginzburg!S Menocchio
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — ÉTUDE CRITIQUE / REVIEW ESSAY Ginzburg’s Menocchio: Refutations and Conjectures DAVID LEVINE ZUBEDEH VAHED* CARLO GINZBURG’S way of doing history is based on using “new meth- ods and new standards of proof to bring to light those forms of knowledge or understanding of the world which have been suppressed or lost”.1 For most of his English-speaking readers, the proof of this assertion has been found in The Cheese and the Worms: The Cosmos of a Sixteenth-Century Miller.2 Domenico Scandella, the sixteenth-century miller who was called by the nickname “Menocchio” by his contemporaries, was born in 1532 in the pre- Alp foothills of Friuli, about 100 kilometres north of Venice. As he told the court, “I am from Montereale, in the diocese of Concordia. My father was called Zuane and my mother Menega and I have lived in Montereale most of my life, except for two years when I was banished, of which I spent one in Arba and one in Cargna, and I was banished for being in a brawl.”3 Menoc- chio’s creative and imaginative ideas about the creation of the world — and his unconventional opinions about orthodox Catholicism — brought him to * David Levine is professor at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education at the University of Tor- onto. Zubedeh Vahed is employed by the Peel Board of Education in Ontario. We would like to thank Nathalie Davis, Konrad Eisenbichler, Stan Engermann, Ed Hundert, Barry Reay, Chuck Tilly and, of course, the journal’s anonymous reviewer for their helpful comments. 1 Keith Luria, “The Paradoxical Carlo Ginzburg”, Radical History Review, vol. -
The Carlyle Society
THE CARLYLE SOCIETY SESSION 2006-2007 OCCASIONAL PAPERS 19 • Edinburgh 2006 President’s Letter This number of the Occasional Papers outshines its predecessors in terms of length – and is a testament to the width of interests the Society continues to sustain. It reflects, too, the generosity of the donation which made this extended publication possible. The syllabus for 2006-7, printed at the back, suggests not only the health of the society, but its steady move in the direction of new material, new interests. Visitors and new members are always welcome, and we are all warmly invited to the annual Scott lecture jointly sponsored by the English Literature department and the Faculty of Advocates in October. A word of thanks for all the help the Society received – especially from its new co-Chair Aileen Christianson – during the President’s enforced absence in Spring 2006. Thanks, too, to the University of Edinburgh for its continued generosity as our host for our meetings, and to the members who often anonymously ensure the Society’s continued smooth running. 2006 saw the recognition of the Carlyle Letters’ international importance in the award by the new Arts and Humanities Research Council of a very substantial grant – well over £600,000 – to ensure the editing and publication of the next three annual volumes. At a time when competition for grants has never been stronger, this is a very gratifying and encouraging outcome. In the USA, too, a very substantial grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities means that later this year the eCarlyle project should become “live” on the internet, and subscribers will be able to access all the volumes to date in this form. -
Pagan Survivals, Superstitions and Popular Cultures in Early Medieval Pastoral Literature
Bernadette Filotas PAGAN SURVIVALS, SUPERSTITIONS AND POPULAR CULTURES IN EARLY MEDIEVAL PASTORAL LITERATURE Is medieval pastoral literature an accurate reflection of actual beliefs and practices in the early medieval West or simply of literary conventions in- herited by clerical writers? How and to what extent did Christianity and traditional pre-Christian beliefs and practices come into conflict, influence each other, and merge in popular culture? This comprehensive study examines early medieval popular culture as it appears in ecclesiastical and secular law, sermons, penitentials and other pastoral works – a selective, skewed, but still illuminating record of the be- liefs and practices of ordinary Christians. Concentrating on the five cen- turies from c. 500 to c. 1000, Pagan Survivals, Superstitions and Popular Cultures in Early Medieval Pastoral Literature presents the evidence for folk religious beliefs and piety, attitudes to nature and death, festivals, magic, drinking and alimentary customs. As such it provides a precious glimpse of the mu- tual adaptation of Christianity and traditional cultures at an important period of cultural and religious transition. Studies and Texts 151 Pagan Survivals, Superstitions and Popular Cultures in Early Medieval Pastoral Literature by Bernadette Filotas Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies This book has been published with the help of a grant from the Canadian Federation for the Humanities and Social Sciences, through the Aid to Scholarly Publications Programme, using funds provided by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. LIBRARY AND ARCHIVES CANADA CATALOGUING IN PUBLICATION Filotas, Bernadette, 1941- Pagan survivals, superstitions and popular cultures in early medieval pastoral literature / by Bernadette Filotas. -
Exploring Historical Anthropology Jacques Le Goff and Aaron J
Exploring Historical Anthropology Jacques Le Goff and Aaron J. Gurevich Leonore Scholze-Irrlit z Scholze-Irrlitz, Leonore 1994 : Exploring Historical Anthropology. Jacques Le Goff and Aaron J. Gurevich . - Ethnologia Europaea 24: 119-132. The different styles of research of two historians - Jacques Le Goff and Aaron J . Gurevich - are analysed and compared. Both understand anthropology as th e basis of a new all-encompassing attempt at synthesising historical studies, and produce ind ependent results by taking into consideration lit erary-hermeneut ical, ethnological and structuralistic methods, thus forming two different co existing "styles of relationship" of medieval mentality. Le Goff and Gurevich contribute to historical anthropology and to a publicly effective renewal of the science of history through explanatory, deterministic and contemporary exam ination. An interview with A. J. Gurevich on the relationship between social history and the history of mentality is published as an append ix. Dr. phil. Leonore Scholze-Irrlitz, Eichbergstr. 23, D-12589 Berlin-Wilhelmsha gen. This paper deals with the styles of research and space (Le Goff 1970: 215 and 1977: 25, Le and the methods of Jacques Le Goff and Aaron Goff & Chartier 1990: 13). Significant for the J. Gurevich - two historians from very differ "Annales" school and also for Le Goff are fur ent scientific traditions. The contribution both ther the comparative methods of historical in of these medieval specialists have made to his terpretation and the concept of "histoire to torical anthropology reveals new dimensions tale" (Le Goff 1983 : XI, Honegger 1977: 13-14, in the science of history. Burke 1991: 29). The "Annales" went through three stages of development, the last of which is characterized by J. -
C:\Users\John Munro\Documents\Wpdocs
Prof. John H. Munro [email protected] Department of Economics [email protected] University of Toronto http://www.economics.utoronto.ca/munro5/ Revised: 22 August 2013 ECO 301Y1 The Economic History of Later Medieval and Early Modern Europe: Topic No. 5 [7]: The Church, the Usury Doctrine, and Late-Medieval Banking: Institutional Impediments to Medieval Economic Growth? A. The Church and the Usury Doctrine: * 1. Lawrin Armstrong, ‘Usury’, in Joel Mokyr, et al, eds., The Oxford Encyclopedia of Economic History, 5 vols. (New York, 2003), vol. 5, pp. 183-85. * 2. James A. Brundage, ‘Usury’, in Joseph R. Strayer, et al, eds., Dictionary of the Middle Ages, 13 vols. (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons-MacMillan, 1982-89), Vol. XII (1989), pp. 335-39. * 3. Richard Tawney, Religion and the Rise of Capitalism (London, 1926), chapter 1, ‘The Medieval Background’, pp. 11-60. * 4. John T. Noonan, The Scholastic Analysis of Usury (Cambridge, Mass. 1957), Part One: chapters I- II, pp. 11-37, especially III, ‘A Natural Law Case Against Usury’, pp. 38-81; V, pp. 100-33. * 5. Mark Koyama, ‘Evading the “Taint of Usury”: The Usury Prohibition as a Barrier to Entry’, Explorations in Economic History, 47:4 (October 2010), 420-42. Very mathematical; but the econometrics may appeal to economics specialists. * 6. John Munro, ‘The Medieval Origins of the Modern Financial Revolution: Usury, Rentes, and Negotiablity’, The International History Review, 25:3 (September 2003), 505-62. * 7. Jared Rubin, ‘Bills of Exchange, Interest Bans, and Impersonal Exchange in Islam and Christianity’, Explorations in Economic History, 47:2 (April 2010), 211-27. -
Samuel Oldknow Papers, 1782-1924"
Journal of Contemporary Archival Studies Volume 8 Article 10 2021 Greening the Archive: The Social Climate of Cotton Manufacturing in the "Samuel Oldknow Papers, 1782-1924" Bernadette Myers Columbia University, [email protected] Melina Moe Columbia University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://elischolar.library.yale.edu/jcas Part of the Agriculture Commons, Archival Science Commons, Economic History Commons, Environmental Studies Commons, and the Social History Commons Recommended Citation Myers, Bernadette and Moe, Melina (2021) "Greening the Archive: The Social Climate of Cotton Manufacturing in the "Samuel Oldknow Papers, 1782-1924"," Journal of Contemporary Archival Studies: Vol. 8 , Article 10. Available at: https://elischolar.library.yale.edu/jcas/vol8/iss1/10 This Case Study is brought to you for free and open access by EliScholar – A Digital Platform for Scholarly Publishing at Yale. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Contemporary Archival Studies by an authorized editor of EliScholar – A Digital Platform for Scholarly Publishing at Yale. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Myers and Moe: Greening the Archive GREENING THE ARCHIVE: THE SOCIAL CLIMATE OF COTTON MANUFACTURING IN THE SAMUEL OLDKNOW PAPERS, 1782–1924 On New Year's Day 1921, historians George Unwin and Arthur Hulme made their way to a ruined cotton mill located on the Goyt River in Mellor, England. Most of the mill had been destroyed by a fire in 1892, but when the historians learned that a local boy scout had been distributing eighteenth-century weavers’ pay tickets to passersby, they decided to investigate. On the upper level of the remaining structure, beneath several inches of dust and debris, they found hundreds of letters, papers, account books, and other documents scattered across the floor. -
Introduction
INTRODUCTION Nous avons de´place´ les notions et confondu leurs veˆtements avec leurs noms aveugles sont les mots qui ne savent retrouver que leur place de`s leur naissance leur rang grammatical dans l’universelle se´curite´ bien maigre est le feu que nous cruˆmes voir couver en eux dans nos poumons et terne est la lueur pre´destine´e de ce qu’ils disent —Tristan Tzara, L’homme approximatif THIS BOOK is an essay. Its surface object is political ritual in the early Middle Ages. By necessity, this object must be vague, because historians have, col- lectively at least, piled a vast array of motley practices into the category. In the process, no doubt, splendid studies have vastly enlarged the historical discipline’s map of early medieval political culture.1 We are indebted for many stimulating insights to the crossbreeding of history and anthropol- ogy—an encounter that began before World War II and picked up speed in the 1970s. From late antiquity to the early modern era, from Peter Brown to Richard Trexler, it revolutionized our ways of looking at the past. In this meeting, ritual loomed large.2 Yet from the start, it should be said that the present essay ends up cau- tioning against the use of the concept of ritual for the historiography of the Middle Ages. It joins those voices that have underscored how social- scientific models should be employed with extreme caution, without eclec- ticism, and with full and constant awareness of their intellectual genealo- gies.3 In the pages that follow, then, the use of the term “ritual” is provi- sional and heuristic (the ultimate aim being to suggest other modes of 1 See, e.g., Gerd Althoff, Spielregeln der Politik im Mittelalter. -
New Perspectives on the History of Political Economy Robert Fredona · Sophus A
New Perspectives on the History of Political Economy Robert Fredona · Sophus A. Reinert Editors New Perspectives on the History of Political Economy Editors Robert Fredona Sophus A. Reinert Harvard Business School Harvard Business School Boston, MA, USA Boston, MA, USA ISBN 978-3-319-58246-7 ISBN 978-3-319-58247-4 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58247-4 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017943663 © Te Editor(s) (if applicable) and Te Author(s) 2018 Tis work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifcally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microflms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Te use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifc statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Te publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Te publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional afliations. -
Marxist Antony Kalashnikov
British Marxist Historians: An Appraisal Antony Kalashnikov Abstract This paper examines several of the leading British Marxist historians of the twentieth century and the contribution made by these Marxist historians to the field of historiography. The differences and similarities in the arguments presented by key Marxist historians is examined and critically analysed throughout this paper to identify the role these historians within the field. Introduction: In the second half of the twentieth century, Marxism became firmly integrated into the Western academic tradition as a valid and powerful mode of analysis. In 1950’s Great Britain, Marxism became particularly prevalent in the discipline of history. At least superficially, a group of historians was associated by their membership within the British Communist Party. Several critics, however, have argued that the British Marxist historians came to represent a school, of sorts, characterized by much more than paying homage to Marx and his historical materialism. Indeed, sociologist Harvey Kaye, in his book The British Marxist Historians, contends that they constitute a separate “theoretical tradition.” Specifically, he argues, they share a common theoretical problematic, historical problematic, approach to historical study (i.e. a methodology of class struggle analysis), and a contribution to British political culture.1 Social theorist Perry Anderson, for his part, also groups these Marxist Historians together, albeit indirectly, in his more negative critique of them. Particularly, he argues against their theoretical underdevelopment and lack of strategy. This essay will appraise the two scholars’ arguments for British Marxist historians’ commonality, in particular looking at the Marxist historians Edward Thompson and Eric Hobsbawm. In doing so, I will explicate Kaye’s and Anderson’s arguments, illustrating their points with examples from Thompson’s and Hobsbawm’s work. -
Carlo Ginzburg and the Historian's Craft: Questions and Remarks
Tarantino, G. (2014). Carlo Ginzburg and the Historian’s Craft: Questions and Remarks. Cromohs - Cyber Review of Modern Historiography, 18, 123-127. https://doi.org/10.13128/Cromohs-14125 Carlo Ginzburg and the Historian’s Craft: Questions and Remarks GIOVANNI TARANTINO University of Melbourne It was a real honour for me to be invited to join the first session of IinteR-La+b 2012 in the prestigious setting of the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei in Rome, and to share with such an informed audience a few brief considerations, hopefully pertinent, stimulated by the talk given by Carlo Ginzburg on that occasion and which, unsurprisingly, offered just a glimpse of an extraordinarily original and fertile path of studies, research and writings. I believe that we can attribute to Carlo Ginzburg, without any risk of flattery, what Lucien Febvre acknowledged in Marc Bloch, namely that his works “seem to make one more intelligent as one reads them; they clarify a great many things and stir endless curiosity.”1 That said, Lucio Biasiori and I have been set a hard task, because it is difficult to ask Carlo Ginzburg questions that he has not already heard first hand from the devil’s advocate, a very rigorous, on-the-ball and far-from-shy interlocutor who seems to have come along with him to this public conversation as well. Each of us, I believe, will have been profoundly struck when reading Ginzburg’s works, not just because they reveal a highly curious, attentive, “slow” reader, but also because it is evident that he takes great pains in his narrative.