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Moral Crises in Post-World War Ii Japan Depicted in Osamu Dazai's The MORAL CRISES IN POST-WORLD WAR II JAPAN DEPICTED IN OSAMU DAZAI’S THE SETTING SUN Final Project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Literature by Vivi Aunillah 2211415042 ENGLISH DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF LANGUANGE AND ARTS UNIVERSITAS NEGERI SEMARANG 2020 i APPROVAL ii PERNYATAAN iii MOTTO AND DEDICATION For indeed, with hardship [will be] ease. Indeed, with hardship [will be] ease. (Quran 94:5-6) For my beloved Mamak, Bapak, Family, Friends , Readers, Myself. iv ACKNOWLEDGMENT All praise is due to Allah the Almighty who has bestowed upon the researcher with blessing, guidance, strenght, and mercy so that the researcher finally completed the final project entitled Moral Crises in Post-World War II Ja[pan Depicted in Osamu Dazai’s The Setting Sun. First of all, I would like to express my gratitude to Dr. Sri Rejeki Urip, M.Hum., the Dean of Faculty of Languages and Arts and Mr. Widhiyanto S.Pd., M.Pd., Ph.D., as the Head of English Department. Moreover, my sincerest gratitude is addressed to Mr. Bambang Purwanto, S.S., M.Hum., as my advisor for the patience, guidance, encouragements and advices throughout the process of accomplishing the final project as well as my study. Furthermore, my special gratitude falls to all lectures of English Deparment and staffs for the experiences, knowledge, and helps throughout the study and in the process of conducting the final project. Finally, my deepest gratitude and adorations are presented to my beloved parents and family for the endless prayers, supports and affections for me. Big shout outs to my closest friends Devita Normalisa & Mutiah Karim; English Literature 2015 students; and Kos Salma and Kos Mbah Ru residents; who have given me many helps, joys, motivations, and supports these past few years of my study in UNNES. Massive thanks to my soulmate, Leily Nur Rohmah who have helped me during the completion of the final project from home. Not to mention, my best friends, Khafirti Lestari and Ika Erinawati for their best wishes for me. And every single one who have ever contributed any kind of assist to the researcher that can not be mentioned. v ABSTRACT Aunillah, Vivi. 2020. Moral Crises in Post-World War II Japan Depicted in Dazai Osamu’s The Setting Sun. Final Project. English Department. Faculty of Languages and Arts. Universitas Negeri Semarang. Advisor: Bambang Purwanto, S.S., M.Hum. Keywords: Moral Crisis, Post-World War II, Worldview. Moral crisis has become a complex global issue. Many cases such as racism, discrimination, corruption, even mass killing still linger in since traditional to this so-called open-minded modern era. This final project discusses the moral crises that happened in the post-World War II Japan as depicted by Dazai Osamu in his masterpiece The Setting Sun. The objectives of this study are including: 1.) to explain the forms of the moral crises depicted by the world war II generation in The Setting Sun and 2.) to reveal worldview related to moral crises of Osamu Dazai’s as reflected in his novel The Setting Sun. The methodology used in this study was the qualitative method. The study analyzed the novel by using Lucien Goldmann’s theory of genetic structuralism. The object of the study consists of two components, namely The Setting Sun a novel by Dazai Osamu as the material object and the theory of Genetic Structuralism by Lucien Goldmann as the formal object. The data are categorized into primary and secondary ones. The primary data are directly taken from the novel entitled The Setting Sun whereas the secondary data are the supporting information about the topic or the theory which are taken from books, journal articles, the internet, etc. This study identified that the characters in the novel expressed their moral crises through drug addiction, alcoholism, killing innocents and infidelity. The correlation of the novel with the of Dazai’s real-life events and the crises that happened in Japan at the time indicates that the novel was the manifestation of Dazai’s bitter experience and people around him in the desperate time of Japan after the war. From his real-life experience, Dazai’s personal struggles seemed to influence the characterization and background story of all the three characters, Kazuko, Uehara and Naoji. As for the historical background of the novel, Dazai portrayed the destructive effects of the defeated war and the transition of Japan in being westernized socially and morally. As a member of Japan society, Dazai seemed to convey his worldview that those acts of moral crisis are the only way for people to escape from the their suffering. In conclusion, the moral crises during the post-World War II depicted by the characters in The Setting Sun show the despair and exhaustion of Japanese society by the war. He wanted to imply that people saw the acts of moral crises that have been mentioned in the novel as something acceptable at the time. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS Page APPROVAL ............................................................................................................. ii PERNYATAAN ...................................................................................................... iii MOTTO AND DEDICATION .............................................................................. iv ACKNOWLEDGMENT ......................................................................................... v ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................ vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................................................... vii LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES ...................................................................... x LIST OF APPENDICES ........................................................................................ xi CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study ..................................................................................... 1 1.2 Reasons for Choosing the Topic .......................................................................... 4 1.3 Research Questions ............................................................................................. 4 1.4 Objectives of the Study ....................................................................................... 5 1.5 Significance of the Study..................................................................................... 5 1.6 Outline of the Study............................................................................................. 5 CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Review of Previous Studies ................................................................................. 7 2.2 Review of Related Literature ............................................................................. 14 2.2.1 Genetic Structuralism ..................................................................................... 14 2.2.2 Worldview ...................................................................................................... 14 2.2.3 Moral .............................................................................................................. 16 2.2.2.1 Moral Crisis ................................................................................................. 17 2.2.2.2 The Morality of Japanese Society Before and After the War ..................... 17 vii 2.3 Theoretical Framework ..................................................................................... 20 CHAPTER III METHODS OF INVESTIGATION 3.1 Research Design ................................................................................................ 22 3.2 Object of the Study ............................................................................................ 23 3.2.1 Material Object ............................................................................................... 23 3.2.2 Formal Object ................................................................................................. 23 3.3 Research Instruments......................................................................................... 23 3.4 Role of the Researcher....................................................................................... 24 3.5 Type of Data ...................................................................................................... 24 3.5.1 Primary Data ................................................................................................... 25 3.5.2 Secondary Data ............................................................................................... 25 3.6 Procedure of Data Collection ............................................................................ 25 3.6.1 Reading ........................................................................................................... 25 3.6.2 Identifying ...................................................................................................... 25 3.6.3 Interpreting ..................................................................................................... 25 3.6.4 Inventory......................................................................................................... 26 3.7 Procedure of Data Analysis ............................................................................... 26 CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS 4.1 Moral Crises in Post-world war II Depicted by Characters in The Setting Sun 28 4.1.1 Drug Addiction ..............................................................................................
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