The Ethics Glass Ceiling: a Historical Analysis of Actions by the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Ethics
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UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones 12-1-2013 The Ethics Glass Ceiling: A Historical Analysis of Actions by the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Ethics Michael James Gordon University of Nevada, Las Vegas Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations Part of the American Politics Commons, Ethics and Political Philosophy Commons, Political History Commons, Public Administration Commons, and the United States History Commons Repository Citation Gordon, Michael James, "The Ethics Glass Ceiling: A Historical Analysis of Actions by the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Ethics" (2013). UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones. 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.34917/5363901 This Dissertation is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by Digital Scholarship@UNLV with permission from the rights-holder(s). 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THE ETHICS GLASS CEILING: A HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF ACTIONS BY THE U.S.HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES COMMITTEE ON ETHICS By Michael James Gordon Bachelor of Laws University of South Africa 2003 Master of Laws University of South Africa 2007 Master of Public Administration University of Nevada, Las Vegas 2008 A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy in Public Affairs School of Environmental and Public Affairs College of Urban Affairs The Graduate College University of Nevada, Las Vegas December 2013 Copyright© by Michael James Gordon, 2014 All Rights Reserved THE GRADUATE COLLEGE We recommend the dissertation prepared under our supervision by Michael James Gordon entitled The Ethics Glass Ceiling: A Historical Analysis of Actions by the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Ethics is approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy - Public Affairs School of Environmental and Public Affairs Christopher Stream, Ph.D., Committee Chair Patrick Carlton, Ph.D., Committee Member David Damore, Ph.D., Committee Member Peter Gray, Ph.D., Graduate College Representative Kathryn Hausbeck Korgan, Ph.D., Interim Dean of the Graduate College December 2013 ABSTRACT The Ethics Glass Ceiling: A Historical Analysis of Actions by the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Ethics by Michael James Gordon Dr. Christopher Stream, Examination Committee Chair Professor of Public Administration University of Nevada, Las Vegas The breaking of moral and ethical codes has been with humankind since history was first recorded. As such, the public wants to know that their elected officials are held accountable and cannot disregard enshrined legal rights without incurring broader personal and societal consequences. Within the hallowed halls of government, the “unrequested” House Committee on Ethics (HCE) provides the forum of accountability. In this qualitative, historical case study, HCE documents are analyzed and both the internal and external motivating factors behind the actions of the HCE members are examined. Computer assisted qualitative data analysis software, namely ATLAS.ti, was used to look at the procedural efficiency (or lack thereof) of the HCE as a natural consequence of the committee members’ implicit public policy actions. The qualitative study sample consisted of the entire population of official public HCE investigative reports from 1967-2012. The unit of analysis was an individual HCE investigative report. This dissertation finds that a partisan political agenda exists within the only impartial Committee in Congress. The majority of the ethical allegations raised against House Members involve financial disclosure while moral and/or character failures are less often reported. Furthermore, the dissertation finds a lack of moral courage both from House members as well as the Committee in that ethics on Capitol Hill is equated to following the letter, and not the spirit, of the law. iii Additionally, the dissertation finds that it is the media and the public who exert pressure on the House Committee to discipline the unethical behaviour of members since it demands accountability from its leaders. Failing to live up to the mandate it has been given leaves the HCE as an organization with little ethical will or moral courage. Due to the lack of prior research on this Committee, the approach to this dissertation is largely exploratory and explanatory; and hence is inductive. iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Authors are given full credit (and most of the blame) for their work, which is true in the present case as well. However, credit for this dissertation has to be spread broadly among the various groups who helped ensure its fruition. Everything in life is God-ordained, and I want to thank Him for opening this door for me. The journey has been long and arduous, but it all fits into His plan and timing even though I must have questioned, protested, and rebelled against it a thousand times. I’m excited to see where the road leads to next. This dissertation is the culmination of intellectual exchange and a great deal of discussion with numerous faculty, staff, and students who supported me at UNLV. While there were many who helped me along the way (thanks guys!), I want to specifically thank a couple of individuals who shared (endured?!) the majority of this long and lonely process with me. Without committee members, no student can climb this mountain; therefore my first expression of gratitude has to be for my advisor, Dr. Chris Stream, for his input as well as the many lunches at Einstein’s! I will be forever grateful for his commitment to me and this study. My deep appreciation goes out to Drs. Damore and Gray who provided encouragement and insightful commentary throughout this process. It is not often that a committee member literally welcomes a student on “day one” at the airport, but Dr. Pat Carlton can claim that “honour”. He has been a wonderful committee member and friend and an even better Rotarian and Foundation mentor. The colleagues and friends at the Graduate and Professional Student Association have served me more than I have served them. Specifically, without the many v conversations, encouragements, and cups of coffee with Becky Boulton and Sharon Young, this dream would have remained an illusion. Deborah Obara must be a great poker player. Her wonderful smile and demeanour never changed whenever I shared (unrealistic) timelines and excuses. She pushed and prodded when it was uncomfortable, but knew how to get the job done. If dissertations were movies, this would be called “An Obara Production.” None of my accomplishments would have been possible without the strong love and support from my family and friends. To adequately thank my parents, George and Ina Gordon, for providing a safe and moral upbringing, patiently enduring my inquisitiveness and instilling the love of reading would likely add a second volume to this dissertation. Franci van Zyl-Nel was the first one who believed that my dream was possible. Her insights, love, and kind (but earnest) criticisms have shaped the person I am today. Next, to Tom and Karen Whisenhunt, thank you so much for taking me in and supporting me during one of the most challenging (and exciting) times in my life. Your generous support, numerous meals, and words of encouragement over the course of my graduate career at UNLV have truly made this a home away from home. My biggest debt is owed to my wonderful fiancée, Amanda, who is probably the most ethical person I know. She politely endured many hours of discussion about politics, ethics, and Congress, which must have felt like an eternity to her. Without her guidance, advice, and input, I would still be the hare in the woods trying to finish the race. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................... iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................ v LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................... ix LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... x CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................... 1 Statement of Problem .................................................................................................. 4 Purpose and Scope of the Study .................................................................................. 5 Research Question ........................................................................................................ 8 Summary of Chapters ................................................................................................. 8 CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE ........................................................ 11 Member of Congress ..................................................................................................