Subject Index

A Acute pro-myelocytic leukemia Active hexose correlated compound (APML), 67 (AHCC), 412 Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) Activity management, 381–382 infusion, 374 treatment, 385–386 Adjuvant Navelbine International for gastric cancer, 129–130 Trialist Association point injection, 179 (ANITA) vitamin K3 for, 178 trials, 10, 12 prescription one Adriamycin, 52 QImen points, 179 Adverse drug reaction (ADR) Sanyinjiao points, 179 reporting systems, 459 Yanglingquen points, 179 Agosterol A steroids structure, 623 Zhangmen points, 179 Aitong powder, 177 Zusanli point, 179 Ajoene, 466 prescription two See also Garlic Ashi points, 179 Allicin, 466 Baihui points, 179 See also Garlic Ganyu points, 179 Allium sativum, see Garlic Mingmen points, 179 American Joint Commission on Neiguan points, 179 Cancer Sanyinjiao points, 179 tumor/node/metastasis schema, 5 Shenyu points, 179 9-Aminocamptothecin, 404 YangLing points with AML, see Acute myeloid leukemia Chinese traditional medicines (AML) injections, 178 Amrita, see Tinospora glabra Zi wu liu zhu principle, 178 Anacarcin Forte, 53 Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 69 Anacardiflavanone, 50 Acute myeloblastic leukemia, 52 Anatomic segmentectomy, 8 Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 67 See also Non-small cell lung cancer Acute nephrotoxicity, 408 (NSCLC)

M. Alaoui-Jamali (ed.), Alternative and Complementary Therapies 693 for Cancer, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-0020-3, Ó Springer ScienceþBusiness Media, LLC 2010 694 Subject Index

Androgen receptor (AR) level, 66–67 abiraterone acetate and novel patient condition, 66 antiandrogens, 676 Centella asiatica, 34 antiandrogens, 677 Crocus sativus, 34 AR LBD in de novo cases of acute crystal structures of, 677 premyelocytic leukemia, domains and, 676 68–69 C-terminal helix-12 (H12), 674 diseases DBD, 673 Agnikarma, 37 HRPC, 677 Apachi, 36 and LBD, 673–674 Apunarbhav chikitsa, 37 mutations in AR genes, 676 Arbud, 36 NTD containing AF-1, 673 dietary advice and avoidance, signaling, 673 37 studies, 674 Galganda, 36 Angelica dahurica Granthi, 36 extract Gulma, 37 for upper respiratory tract, 474 Ksharkarma, 37 for viral and bacterial lesions, 37 infections, 474 marma, 37 Angong Huangti pills, 176 multiplicity or recurrence of ANITA, see Adjuvant Navelbine tumors, 37 International Trialist shodhan and shaman, 37 Association (ANITA) Vidradhi, 37 Anti angiogenesis therapy, 15 Eclipta alba, 34 agents, 7 etoposide, 33 Anticancer agents, 411 Lippia nodiflora, 34 Antimetabolites, DNA poisons, 6 management, drugs used Anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody, 7 Basant Malti, 68 APML, see Acute pro-myelocytic Kamadudha, 68 leukemia (APML) Navjeevan, 68 Ar-Curcumene, 58 Valipani, 68 Aroma therapy, 386 medicinal plants/formulations Ashwagandha, see Withania for cancer therapy, 35 somnifera L. Papaverum somniferum, 34 Auricular acupuncture, 129 physician, dilemma and Avastin, see Bevacizumab approach, 38 Ayurvedic medicine, 25, 405 podophyllotoxin, 33 art–science of health Pongamia pinnata, 34 Charak Samhita, 35 Poorva–Karma in cancer, 34 Sushrut Samhita, 35 prescription for management of Vaata, Pitta and Kapha, 35 cancer, 34 Vedic, 35 principles of camptothecin, 33 asthi and majja, 36 in cancer management, 34 Dhatus, 36 case records, 63–65 mamsa and meda, 36 Subject Index 695

mind–body relationship, 36 and blood stagnate, 320 rasa and rakta, 36 Qi deficiency, 320 shukra, 36 and primary malignant tumor, 319 scientific basis for, 33 syndrome differentiation and Shorea robusta, 34 treatment, 320 taxol, 33 blood stasis obstruction vinca alkaloids, 33 internally, 325–326 excessive heat, 322–323 B heat accumulation in lung, Bai Zhi formulation, 219 321–322 Benign prostatic hyperplasia kidney deficiency, 329–331 (BPH) liver depression and Qi treatment with stagnation, 323–325 African potato, 470–471 spleen and stomach deficiency, Pygeum, 470–471 326–327 rye pollen, 470 unconsolidated kidney Qi, Saw palmetto, 470 327–329 stinging nettle, 470–471 TCM formulations Bevacizumab Chan Chu, 349 for metastatic cancers, 7 dietary therapy, 349 Bhilwanol A, see Catechol I Er Xian Tang, 336 Bhrigu-Samhita, 32 Fu Fang Er Ji Tang, 342–343 Bicalutamide, 676 Fu Fang Shan Zhi Tang, Biflavanones, 50 347–348 Bingdong zhidi mixture, 175 Jia Wei Wu Ling San, 341–342 Bing Pian, 214 Jie Du Tang, 337 formulation for pain, 199 Lian Ji Huang Tang, liquor, 178 348–349 Bioactive molecules Long She Yang Quan Tang, from natural sources 335 bioactivity-directed Mi Ren Chi Dou Tang, 338 fractionation, 677 Qiang She Tang, 341 compound selection, 678 Sang She Tangh, 340 function-oriented synthesis, 679 San Jin Tang, 336–337 nine ginsenosides detection, 678 Xin Dan Pang Guang Tang, Panax ginseng study, 678 338–340 QCAR, 677–678 Ya Zao Feng Mi Wan, 335–336 TCM, 678 Zhi Pang Guang Ai Fang 1, virtual screening in, 678 343–344 Biological Diversity Act (2002), 538 Zhi Pang Guang Ai Fang 2, 344 Bioterrorism Act, 407 Zhi Pang Guang Ai Fang 3, 345 Bisdemethoxycurcumin, 58 Zhi Pang Guang Ai Fang 4, Black cohosh, 406, 408, 412 346 Bladder cancer treatment of complications etiology and pathogenesis infection, 333 heat evil damage, 320 outlet obstruction, 334 696 Subject Index

Bladder cancer (cont.) Tian Zhu Huang, 365 uremia, 331–333 Tu Fu Ling, 365 types of, 320 Wu Gong, 365 Blood syndrome, 175 Xiao Yao Wan, 365 See also Liver cancer Ye Ju Hua, 365 Bortezomib Ye Ming Sha, 365 for multiple myeloma, 7 Yun Nan Bai Yao, 365 Botanical product, 403 syndrome differentiation and CDER’s botanical review team, 406 treatment See also Herbal products Bai Jiang Can, 352 BPH, see Benign prostatic Bai Jie Zi, 352 hyperplasia (BPH) Ban , 352 Brain cancer Bing Qiu Zi, 352 with astrocytoma and Chi Shao Yao, 352 glioblastoma, 351 Chuan Xiong, 352 integration of TCM with Dang Gui, 352 conventional therapies, Dan Shen, 352 364 excessive heat in liver and Bai Hua She She Cao, 365 gallbladder, 358–359 Bai Jiang Can, 365 E zhu, 352 Bai Jiang Cao, 365 Hai Zao, 352 Ban Xia, 365 Huang Yao Zi, 352 Ban Zhi Lian, 365 internal obstruction of Chuan Bei Mu, 365 dampness and Chuan Xiong, 365 phlegm, 356–358 Ci Ji Li, 365 Kun Bu, 352 Da Huang Pian, 365 liver and kidney Yin Dang Gui, 365 deficiency, 355–356 Di Long, 365 liver deficiency, 359–361 Fang Feng, 365 Mu Li, 352 Fu Ling, 365 Nan Xing, 352 Gan Cao, 365 Qi and blood stagnation, Hai Fu Shi, 365 353–354 He Shou Wu, 365 San Leng, 352 Jin Qian Cao, 365 Shi Chang Pu, 352 Jin Yin Hua, 365 Shui Hong Hua Zi, 352 Kun Bu, 365 spleen and kidney Yang Men Shi Gun Tan Wan, 365 deficiency, 354–355 Mu Xiang, 365 Xiang Bei Mu, 352 Pu Gong Ying, 365 Yuan Zhi, 352 Quan Xie, 365 TCM formulations San Qi Fen, 365 Nao Liu Xiao Fang, Shan Ci Gu, 365 362–363 Sheng Di, 365 Nao Liu Yi Hao Fang, Shou Gong, 365 363–364 Tian Ma, 365 Nao Liu Yi Hao Fang 2, 364 Subject Index 697

sticky paste for external entwinement and obstruction application, 363 of phlegm and Qi, Xiao Liu Tang, 361 209–210 Yi Qi Hua Tan San, 361–362 liver depression and Qi treatment of complications stagnation, 209 central fever, 366–367 phlegm-dampness, 208 intracranial hypertension, 366 Qi and blood insufficiency, 208 Yang channels, 351 Qi deficiency, 208 Brain metastasis, 8 root pathogenesis, 208 Breast cancer, 52 soothe liver and regulate Qi, anthracyclines, 7 207 carboplatin and paclitaxel, 7 spleen deficiency, 208 diet therapy surgery-based combination Ju He Ru Mo Mi Yin, 218–219 therapy, 208 Pu Gong Ying Yuan Hu Yin, Yang deficiency, 208 219–220 zang-fu viscera, 208 Zao Jiao Ci Ju Pi Mi Yin, TCM for radiotherapy and 221–222 chemotherapy side endocrine therapy of Chinese effects medicine dermatitis, 217 Er Zhi Wan, 218 esophagitis, 216 Huang Jing, 218 internal heat, Yin deficiency, Liu Wei Di Huang Wan, 218 215 Lu Jiao Fen, 218 pneumonia, 215–216 Nu Zhen Zi, 218 Qi and Yin injury, 215 Xian Lin Pi, 218 stomatitis, 217–218 Xian Mao, 218 TCM formulations for, 206 etiology and pathogenesis from treatment of complications, 211 TCM perspective Bai Hua She She anxiety, 207 Cao, 212 Chong Channel, 207 Ban Zhi Lian, 212 Fu Ke Xin Fa Yao Jue, 207 breast ulcers, 213–214 Ge Zhi Yu Lun, 207 Bu Gu Zhi, 212 Ren Channel, 207 cancer pain, 214 worry and depression, 207 Chen Pi, 212 Yi Zong Jin Jian, 207 Chuan Jian Zi, 212 historical perspective Chuan Xin Lian, 212 Jiao Zhu Fu Ren Liang Fang, 206 Jin Gang Ci, 212 syndrome differentiation and Nu Zhen Zi, 212 treatment principle Pu Gong Ying, 212 accumulated phlegm-heat Qing Pi, 212 toxin, 208 Sang Zhi, 212 accumulation of blood stasis upper extremity swelling, and toxin, 210–211 212–213 dual deficiency of Qi and Yan Hu Suo, 212 blood, 211 Yi Yi Ren, 212 698 Subject Index

Breast cancer (cont.) Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), 192 worldwide incidence Catechol I, 50 of, 205 CDK2, see Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 Breathing exercises, 379 (CDK2) Burning pain, 159 CEA, see Carcinoembryonic antigen Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang formulation, 286 (CEA) Celastrol, 412 C Cell signalling and diseases CAM, see Complementary and protein-protein interactions in, 646 bioactive natural products, 653 (CAM) DOS, case for, 660 Camptosar1, see Irinotecan/CPT-11 FAK, 647–652 Canadian Intellectual Property Office and GRAF, 647 (CIPO),530 HDAC, 660–662 Canadian Patent Act, 549–550 human diseases, 647 Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) identification of, 652–655 concomitant factors of, 372–373 new technologies to screen for, conventional treatments, 373 655–660 integrative therapies, 373 protein kinase C (PKC), 648 biologically based practices, and role of naturally derived 374–377 molecules, 652 energy-based treatments, trichostatin-A (TSA), 661 383–384 Center for Drug Evaluation and manipulative and body-based Research (CDER), 404 practices, 382–383 Cephalostatin 1 steroids, 624 mind–body medicine Certonardoa semiregularis, 623 treatments, 377–382 Cervical epithelial carcinoma, 52 whole medical systems, Cetuximab for colon cancer, 7 385–386 Chai Hu Shu Gan San formulations, physiology of, 372 246 prevalence of problem of, 371–372 Chan Su formulation for pain, 198 Cancers Chan Su Gao Chinese medicinals, 150 pain, CAM for, 394–395 formulation for pain, 198 books reviewing effectiveness Chemotherapeutic drugs of, 397 microtubular inhibitors, 6 Cochrane reviews, 396 timeline of, 17 evidence of, 397–398 Chen Pi formulation, 221 systematic reviews, 396–397 Chlorofusin, 652 socioeconomic impact of, 4 Chronic illness therapy–fatigue staging system for, 5 functional assessment See also Specific cancers fatigue subscale, 376 Capecitabine, see Antimetabolites, questionnaire, 379 DNA poisons yoga intervention, 379 Carboplatin, DNA poisons, 6 Chronic myeloblastic leukemia, 52 and paclitaxel adjuvant Chronic myelogenous leukemia chemotherapy, 10 (CML) treatment, 685 Subject Index 699

Chuan Lian Zi formulation, 219 treatment of complications 1,8 Cineole, 58 ascites, 150–151 Cisplatin, DNA poisons, 6 colon obstruction by tumor containing combination doublets mass, 151 for NSCLC, 7 colon perforation, 152 Clyste, 151 pain, 150 CML, see Chronic myelogenous Community Plant Variety Rights leukemia (CML) (CVPR), 536 Coenzyme Q10, 376–377 Complementary and alternative Cognitive behavioral therapies medicine (CAM), 374, 393, (CBT), 381–382 396, 398, 424 Colorectal cancer approaches for cancer, 31 etiology and pathogenesis, 136 drug discovery and development, formulations and recipes 32 Bai She Feng Wei Tang, 144 in hemato-oncology Chan Pi Wu Gong Jian, approach, 67 144–145 modalities, 393–394 Jia Wei Si Ni Tang, 148–149 evaluated for cancer pain, 398 Jia Wei Zhi Shu Wan, 148 risk management issues, 514 Leng E Jiang Teng Yin, 146 4 Ts, professional decision- Long Shu Weng Lian Tang, 145 making, 514 Qing Chang Jie Du Tang, Computed axial tomography 142–143 (CAT), 4 Qing Chang Xiao Zhong Tang, Concurrent syndromes 143–144 with advanced cancer, Qing Xue Ran Jian Tang, 147 treatment of Shen Ling Shu Jiang Tang, blood syndrome, 175 149–150 hepatic encephalopathy, 176 Xin Jia Xie Xin Tang, 146–147 jaundice, 175 5-FU, 7 See also Liver cancer in geographical distribution, 135 Contaminants, 407 leucovorin and irinotecan, 7 Convention on Biological Diversity syndrome differentiation (CBD), 537 dual deficiency of Qi and CPT-11, 404 blood, 139–140 CRF, see Cancer-related fatigue internal accumulation of (CRF) dampness heat, Curcuma longa L. 136–137 ayurvedic properties of internal binding of blood stasis Anuloman, 57 and toxin, 137–138 Doshaghnata, 57 liver and kidney Yin Guna, 57 deficiency, 141–142 Hikkanigrahana, 57 spleen and kidney Yang Kushthaghna, 57 deficiency, 140–141 Pittarsarak, 57 spleen deficiency and dampness Rasa, 57 obstruction, 138–139 Ruchivardhaka, 57 700 Subject Index

Curcuma longa (cont.) sesquiterpenes, 58 Shwashara,57 tetrahydrocurcumin, 58 Verya, 57 rhizomes of, 57 Vipak, 57 toxicity Vishagna, 57 low oral bioavailability, 61 biological activity solubility in water, 61 antioxidant nature, 61 used as tonic, 58 apoptosis in cancer cell for wound healing, 58 lines, 61 Curcuminoids, 58 carrangeein-induced oedema, 60 Cutaneous lymphoma, 7 chronic inflammation, 60 Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), COX2 in human colon tumour 659–660 cell line, 61 Cyclophosphamide, DNA poisons, 6 downregulation of Cytarabine (Ara C) structures, 614 transcription Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, factors, 61 451, 586–587 free radical scavenging activity, 457 activity, 61 drug conjugation, 457 inhibition of lipid functions, 453 peroxidation, 61 monooxygenases, 569 ROS and JNK pathway, 61 subfamilies and substrates, 454–457 TNF-a-induced AKT Cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents, 6 activation, 61 as cancer remedy, 58 D carminative for diarrhea, 58 Dachaihu decoction, 175 clinical studies Dang Gui Long Huai Tang alcoholic extract with, 63 formulations, 246 experimental data, 63 Defensive Qi, 26 external cancerous lesions, 62 Demethoxycurcumin, 58 modalities of treatment, 63 Dermatitis, 217 tolerability, 63 DHT, see Dihydro-testosterone formulations, 60 (DHT) household spice and herb in Diarylheptanoids, 58 India, 57 Didemnin B, 626 Krimighna, 58 structures of, 627 for liver problems and jaundice, 58 Dienepentadecyl catechol II, 50 Mootrasangrahaniya, 58 Dietary supplements, 403 Mootraviranjaniya, 58 Di Huang Wan formulation, 286 phytoconstituents Dihydro-testosterone bisdemethoxycurcumin, 58 (DHT), 680 curcuminoids, 58 Distended pain, 159 demethoxycurcumin, 58 Distress, 383 diarylheptanoids, 58 Diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS), hexahydrocurcumin, 58 660 hexahydrocurcuminol, 58 DMBA-induced papilloma, 42 and metabolites, 59 Docetaxel, 6 Subject Index 701

DOS, see Diversity-oriented synthesis EGFR-TKI gefitinib, 14 (DOS) EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, 7 ‘‘Dysphagia’’, 85 somatic mutations in tyrosine kinase domain, 15 E Erbitux, see Cetuximab Echinacea, sunflower plant family, 410 ERCP, see Endoscopic retrograde components of cholangiopancreatography butylamides and polyines, 467 (ERCP) polyenes and volatile oils, 467 Erlotinib, see Tarceva polysaccharides and Esophageal cancer flavonoids, 467 clinical manifestations, 85 CYP activity, impact on, 467 esophageal obstruction drug efflux transporters, 468 Bai Xia Kai Dao Tang, 96–97 Echinacea purpurea Ban Xia Xie Xing Tang, 97 preparations, 467 Kai Guan San, 97–98 oral bioavailability of Midazolam etiology and pathogenesis after intake, 468 endogenous and exogenous Ecteinascidin 743 factors, 86 clinical trials with, 621 incidence of, 85 EGFR, see Epidermal growth factor syndrome differentiation and receptor (EGFR) treatment, 86 Endocrine therapy of Chinese damage of Yin by heat toxin, medicine 90–91 Er Zhi Wan, 218 entwinement of phlegm and Huang Jing, 218 Qi, 88–89 Liu Wei Di Huang Wan, 218 kidney Yang insufficiency, Lu Jiao Fen, 218 93–94 Nu Zhen Zi, 218 liver Qi stagnation, 87–88 Xian Lin Pi, 218 obstruction of phlegm and Xian Mao, 218 blood stasis, 89–90 Endoscopic retrograde spleen and stomach deficiency, cholangiopancreatography 92–93 (ERCP), 191 treatment of complications Energy cancerous pain, 94–96 based treatments, 383 used formulations conservation, 381–382 Dong Ling Cao, 103 EORTC, see European Organization Er Chen Xuan Fu Tang, 101–102 for Research and Hai Zao Mu Li Tang, 102–103 Treatment of Cancer Jian Pi Zi Shen Tang, 99 (EORTC) Kun Bei Wan, 98 Ephedra species Ling Xian Er Cao Tang, 98–99 used in , Shuang Ren San, 103 472–473 Shun Qi Ruan Jian Tang, 99–100 Epidermal growth factor receptor Tong You Tang, 101 (EGFR), 5 Zeng Ye Hua Tan Wan, anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody, 7 100–101 702 Subject Index

Esophagitis, 216 vascular disrupting agents, Essence and Qi, theories, 26 598–599 See also Traditional Chinese in vitro antimutagenicity, medicine (TCM) 590–591 Etopophos1, see Etoposide chemical structures of, 584 Etoposide, 6, 425 C heterocycle, 585 See also Topoisomerase fruits and vegetables, 585 inhibitors, DNA classes, 585 poisons CYP metabolism, 586–587 European Organization for Research daily consumption of, 584 and Treatment of Cancer effect on hormone-dependent (EORTC), 12 cancers European Patent Office (EPO), 530 fisetin, 597 Excision repair genistein, 597 crosscomplementation inasmuch, 584 group 1 (ERCC1), 11 mechanisms of, 590 E Zhu formulation for pain, 199 pharmacological activities antiallergic, 588 F antibacterial activity, 589 FAK, see Focal adhesion kinase anti-inflammatory, 588–589 (FAK) antioxidant, 587–588 Fas-associated death domain protein antiulcer, 589 (FADD), 568 antiviral activity, 589 Fat Qi, 26 cardiovascular diseases, 587 Fire syndrome, 164 hepatoprotection, 588 Five elements theories, 26 vascular protection, 588 See also Traditional Chinese structures of, 586 medicine (TCM) toxicity, 600 Flavonoids, 53, 583 Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in cancer prevention, 589 C-terminal domain, 647 animal models, 591–592 intracellular signalling pathways, antiangiogenic properties, 598 649 antimitotic effects, 593–594 molecular dissection of, 648 apoptotic effects, 594 and breast cancer, 651–652 cell signaling, 596–597 CHO cell migration, 650 combination with cancer focal adhesion complex, treatments, 599–600 651–652 differentiation, 594–595 prostate cancer cell migration, EGCG and GRP78, 596 650 epidemiological studies, 593 Foot soak, 386 in humans, 592–593 Ze Lan Gao formulation, MAP kinase, 597 214 multidrug resistance, 595–596 G ovarian cancer, 593 Galluflavanone, 50 topoisomerase inhibition, 595 Ganluxiaodu pill, 175 Subject Index 703

Ganmai Dazao decoction, 176 cAMP phosphodiesterase Gan Shu (BL 18) acupoints, 129 activity, 469 Garlic, 410–411 components of antiplatelet effect of, 467 ginsenosides and elutherosides, blood pressure, effect on, 466 469 constituents of saponins, 469 sulfur-containing molecules, 466 medicinal applications drug metabolism and, 466–467 aphrodisiac and hypercholesterolemia, 466 antidepressant, 468 saquinavir and garlic extract diabetes mellitus, 469 coadministration, 467 diuretic, 469 Gastric cancer immune response and role of acupuncture therapy in cognitive function, treatment of, 129–130 468–469 Gefitinib, 14 physical performance, 468 Gemcitabine, 6 phytoestrogenic and See also Antimetabolites, DNA anticancer, 469 poisons sedative and hypnotic, 468 Genitourinary cancer, 408 stress and homeostasis, 468 Giloy, see Tinospora glabra phytoestrogenic effects, 469 Ginkgo, 406, 409 thromboxane A2 activity, 469 contents Glutamine, 409 flavonoids and terpenoids, 465 Glutathione S-transferases (GST), 451 glycosides, 465 P-Glycoproteins, 411, 451 and drug interaction, 465 Glycyrrhiza glabra L. and efficacy of CYP 2C19 for arthritis and viral substrates, 465 infections, 474 formulations for gastric ulcers, 474 age-related macular Gong Sun (SP4) acupoints, 199 degeneration, 464 Good agricultural practices antiedemic and antihypoxic, 464 (GAP), 406 antioxidant and antiplatelet, 464 Good handling practices (GHP), 406 asthma and vertigo tinnitus, 464 Good manufacturing practices dementia and Alzheimer’s (GMP), 407 disease, 464 Green tea extract, 404 diuretic, 464 Grossularine impotence and erectile cytotoxic activity of, 615–616 dysfunction, 464 structures of, 616 multi-infarct dementia, 464 GST, see Glutathione S-transferases neurotransmitter activity, 465 (GST) regulation of angiogenesis, 465 GTPase regulator associated with for lymphedema, 414 FAK (GRAF), 647 See also Herbal products Guduchi, see Tinospora glabra Ginkgo biloba, see Ginkgo Guipo decoction, 175 Ginseng, 377 Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan formulations, from Araliaceae plant family, 468 246 704 Subject Index

H concentration–response HDAC, see Histone deacetylases relationship, 451 (HDAC) CYP enzymes, 451–457 Healing touch, 383–384 deviations, 451 Healthcare provider responsibility, 499 mechanisms of, 452 Heat syndromes, 164 monooxygenases, 453 Hematuria, 273 multiple dosing intervals, 451 Hemiasterlin peptides, 628 pharmacokinetic and structures of, 629 pharmacodynamic Hepatic encephalopathy, 176 monitoring, 451 See also Liver cancer Herbs as medicine Herbal products, 403 Bai Shao, 150, 246 clinical trials, issues and Bai Shao Yao, 352–353 challenges Bai Zhu, 150, 246 CONSORT criteria, 415 Bai Zi, 290 contaminants, 407 Ban Lan Gen, 282 dosage issues, 408–409 Bing Pian, 214 patient recruitment issues, 414 Bin Lang, 151 product-related, 405–411 Bu Gu Zhi, 289 quality control in Cheng Qi Tang, 151 manufacturing, 407 Chen Pi, 289 study design-related, 411–415 Che Qian Zi, 151, 246, 255 toxicity, 407–408 Chi Shao, 152 hormonal effect of, 408 Chuangshanjia, 165 pharmacokinetic studies, 410 Chuan Lian Zi, 290 to treat precancerous lesions, 413 Chuan Shan Jia, 255 Herb–drug interactions, 410, 423–424 Chuan Wu, 214 cancer cell targets levels and Chuan Xiong, 214, 290 angiogenesis regulators, 458 Chuan Xu Duan, 289, 291 antiestrogens activity, 458 Da Huang, 151–152, 255 apoptotic pathway, 458 Dang Gui, 255, 283, 290 and drug transporters, 458–459 Dan Shen, 283 membrane receptor-mediated Dong Gua Zi, 152 signalling, 458 Du Huo, 165, 290 phosphatases, 458 Du Zhong, 353 prophytotopestrogenic/ E Jiao, 283 antiestrogenic E Zhu, 246, 255 activity, 458 Fang Feng, 290 proteasomes, 458 Fo Shou, 289 synergistic/additive effects, 458 Fu Ling, 151, 246 tamoxifen and letrozole Fu Zi, 151, 246, 289–290 activity, 458 Gan Cao, 151, 214 transcriptional regulators, 458 Gan Cao Shao, 255 herbal products use by cancer Gan Sui, 246 patients, 426–450 Gao ben, 290 pharmacology involving Ge Gen, 290 Subject Index 705

Gou Ji, 289 Sha Shen, 283 Gou Qi Zi, 290 She Gan, 282 Gua Lou, 290 Sheng Di, 282–283 Gui Yuan Rou, 283 Sheng Di Huang, 255, 352 Gui Zhi, 150, 246, 290 Sheng Huang Qi, 282–283 Gu Sui Bu, 289 Tan Xiang, 290 Haifengteng, 165 Tao Ren, 152, 255 Hong Hua, 152, 255 Tu Si Zi, 289 Hong Zao, 283 Wang Bu Liu Xing, 290 Huang Bai, 151 Wei Ling Xian, 290 Huang Jing, 283 Wu Gong, 289 Huang Lian, 282 Wu Shao She, 289 Jiang Huang, 290 Xiang Fu, 290 Jiao San Xian, 289 Xi Xin, 214, 290 Ji Xue Teng, 283 Xi Yang Shen, 283 Lian Qiao, 282 XuchangQIn, 165 Liu Yi San, 255 Yin Hua, 282 Lu Dou Yi, 353 Yin Yang Huo, 289 Luoshiteng, 165 Yuan Shen, 282 Ma douling, 166 Yu Jin, 290 Ma Huang, 214 Ze Xie, 151 Mang Xiao, 151, 255 Zhang Nao, 214 Ma Qian Zi, 291 Zhe Xie, 246 Mo yao, 290 Zhi Qiao, 151, 290 Mu Dan Pi, 152 Zhi Shi, 151 Mugua, 165 Zhu Ling, 151, 246, 255 Niu Qi, 255 Zi He Che, 283 Niu Xi, 291 Herceptin, see Trastuzumab Nu Zhen Zi, 353 Hexahydrocurcumin, 58 Pu Gong Ying, 282 Histone deacetylases Qeilingxian, 165 (HDAC), 660–661 Qiang Huo, 290 homology model of, 662 Qing Pi, 214 inhibitors, 7 Qinjiao, 165 study in, 662 Qin Jiao, 290 Hong Hua formulation for Rou Cong Rong, 289 pain, 199 Rou Gui, 255, 289 Hong Tong plant camptothecin, 174 Ruxiang, 290 Hormone-refractory prostate cancer Sang Zhi, 290 (HRPC), 671–672 San Leng, 255 HRPC, see Hormone-refractory San Qi, 289–290 prostate cancer (HRPC) San Qi Fen, 283 Huangbo for lower-jiao heat, 165 Sanzhi, 165 Huanglian for gastrointestinal Shan Dou Gen, 282 heat, 165 Shan Zhu Yu, 353 HuangQin, 165 Shao Yao, 151 for upper-jiao lung heat, 164–165 706 Subject Index

Human umbilical vein epithelial cells cultural values (HUVEC), 42 authenticity and integrity, 507 Hu Yin Jin Qu Tang formulation, 199 open communication, 507 Hycamtin1, see Topotecan personal growth, 508–509 Hydroxyflutamide, 676 self-responsibility, 506–507 Hypnosis, 378 teamwork, 507 Intellectual property, 529 I International Adjuvant Lung Cancer IALT, see International Adjuvant Trial Collaboratory Group Lung Cancer Trial (IALT) Collaboratory Group trials, 10–11 (IALT) International Union Against Cancer Ifosfamide, DNA poisons, 6 tumor/node/metastasis schema, 5 Imatinib, 411 International Union for Protection of Immumod1, 46, 48 New Varieties of Plants Immunopurification coupled to mass (UPOV), 537 spectrometry (IP-HTMS), Invention patents, 531 652 claims, 532–533 isolated proteins, 654 PCT applications and process, peptide mixtures, 654 533–535 India provisional patent applications, 535 See also Patents herbs and natural products, 32 Investigational New Drug (IND), Indian ginseng, 38 406–407 plants and, 33 Iressa, see Gefitinib history of cancer in CAM Irinotecan, 6–7, 411 Agastya Nadi, 34 See also Topoisomerase Arbuda, 34 inhibitors, DNA Ashwagandharishta, 33 poisons Atharva Veda, 34 Irinotecan/CPT-11, 424–425 ayurvedic taxonomy, 34 Bhrigu-Samhita, 32 J and dhatus, 34 Japanese Patent Office (JPO), 530 granthi and gulma, 34 Jaundice Heerak Bhasma, 33 formulation sushruta, 34 Chuan Shan Jia, 200 Vasant Kusumkar Rasa, 33 Huo Xue Tong Luo Tang, 200 Withania somnifera, 33 Hu Yin Jin Qu Tang, 199 Yogarajguggulu, 33 Hu Zhang, 200 medicinal plants Jin Qian Cao, 200 guggulu, 32 Shan Zha, 200 reverse pharmacology, 32 Shen Qu, 200 See also Ayurvedic medicine Yin Chen, 200 Indigenous Peoples Rights Act Zao Jiao Ci, 200 (1997), 539 Jeediflavanone, 50 InspireHeath Jian and Jie, 165 Subject Index 707

JiaoGan (AH6a) acupoints, 199 nourishing and nursing, diet and Jing Ling Zi formulations, 247 after surgery, 309 Jin Ke Huai Er Chong Ji formulation, during chemotherapy, 309 202 for patients with advanced Jojoba oil, 386 kidney cancer, 309 Ju He formulation, 218 during radiotherapy, 309 before surgery, 308 K radiotherapy and TCM, 285 Kidney cancer syndrome differentiation and acupuncture TCM therapeutic acupoint injection, 307 approaches assistant points, 306 accumulation and binding of auricular acupoints, 306–307 dampness-heat, chief points, 306 275–276 lumbago, 307 deficiency of liver and kidney case studies, 309–317 Yin, 275 chemotherapy and integration of dual deficiency of Qi and TCM with, 282 blood, 278–279 clears heat and detoxifies dual deficiency of spleen and body, 282 kidney, 273–274 nourishes Qi and blood, hyperactivity of heart fire, 282–283 277–278 nourish liver and kidney, internal obstruction of blood 284–285 stasis, 276–277 strengthens spleen and linger of evil-toxin after cancer harmonizes being attacked, stomach, 283–284 279–280 external TCM medicine syndrome differentiation and Ai Tong San, 308 treatment incidence of, 271 anemia, 294–295 integration of TCM with surgery chronic renal failure, 291–292 Bao Yuan Tang, 280 dual deficiency of kidney Yin Ba Zhen Tang, 280 and Yang, 286–287, benefiting Qi and removing 297–298 toxin, 281 fever, 299–303 Liu Wei Di Huang Tang, 280 kidney deficiency and blood metastasis risk, 280 stasis, 298 Qi and consolidating exterior, liver and kidney Yin 281 deficiency, 296–297 Shi Quan Da Bu Tang, 280 Qi and blood deficiency, Si Jun Zi Tang, 280 287–288 spleen and stomach function Qi and blood stasis, 288–291 regulating, 281 Qi and Yin deficiency, 292–293 Zeng Ye Cheng Qi Tang spleen and kidney Yang formulation, 281 deficiency, 292, massage, 307–308 295–296 708 Subject Index

Kidney cancer (cont.) senility and weak body Yin and Yang dual deficiency, constitution, 272 293–294 spleen and liver, 272 TCM formulation spleen dysfunction, 272 Bai Hua She She Cao, 304 Yin and Yang deficiency, 272 Bai Mao Gen, 304 treatment of complications Ban Bian Lian, 303–304 bone metastasis, 285–286 Ban Zhi Lian, 304 Ba Yue Zha, 305 L Chi Fu Ling, 304 LACE, see Lung Adjuvant Cisplatin Chi Xiao Dou, 304 Evaluation (LACE) Da Ji, 304–305 LBD, see Ligand-binding domain Dao Dou, 304 (LBD) Fu Fang Long She Yang Quan Lectin-standardized mistletoe extract, Tang, 304 375 Hai Jin Sha, 304 Legal issues, cancer treatment in, 514 Hei Dou, 303–304 access to information, 515–516 Huai Hua Tan, 304 alternative treatments, use of, 524 Huai Jiao, 303 ascertain risks associated Huang Bai, 304 with, 522 Huang Yao Zi, 304 category of interest, 515 Jin Qian Cao, 303–304, 306 claims Ma Bian Cao, 303 for damages, 519 Pu Huang Tan, 304 for malpractice, 519, 523 Qing Teng, 305 for negligence, 519–520, 523 Qu Mai, 303, 306 contacted for information, 516 Sheng Di, 304 cross-border considerations, 519 Sheng Di Tan, 305 dealing with use of diagnostic Sheng Yi Yi Ren, 303–304 tools, 522–523 Shi Shang Bai, 305 dissemination of information, 516 Shi Wei, 303 evolution of science and health Xia Ku Cao, 305 care, 525 Xiao Ji, 304–305 glass jaw principle, 518–519 Xue Jian Chou, 304–305 health care practitioner, to meet Ye Pu Tao Gen, 304 standards, 526 Yi Yi Ren, 304–305 informed consent, 521 Zhu Ling, 304–305 with full disclosure, 518 TCM pathogenesis and insurance company, 524, 527 deficient and excessive intentional torts, 519–520 syndromes, 272–273 intervention of homeopathic emaciation and anorexia, 273 remedies, 523 emotional disorder, 272 issue of confidentiality, 516 hematuria, 273 knowledge of health care, 521 improper diet, 272 media reporting on, 527 Qi stagnation and blood nonlife-threatening interaction, stasis, 272 518 Subject Index 709

patient and practitioner, Lianhua tablet, 173 relationship of, 515–516, Qinggan Xiaotong Pill, 173 518, 526 QIyeyizhihua, 172 proprietary rights, 514 Sancigu, 172 questions, 515 Wugong, 172 Reibl vs. Hughes, 521 Xiaoyu Yigan tablet, 173 standard of proof, 517 Xuejie, 172 statutorily requirement, 521 pathogenesis from TCM third party pay, 516, 524, 527 perspective Leucovorin, 7 blood stasis, 155–156 Levocarnitine supplement, 375–376 body accumulation of toxin- Lewis lung carcinoma, 52 heat, 156–157 Lian Ling Ting Li Tang formulation, deficiency of vital QI, 157 200–201 evil factors and healthy energy Ling gui shu gan decoction, 166 in cancer, 157–158 Lipoteichoic acid (LTA), 619 phlegm-damp agglomeration, Liver cancer, 153 156 concurrent syndromes QI stagnation, 154–155 with advanced cancer, Yin and Yang concept, 154 treatment of, 175–176 TCM-based diagnosis of ascitis, 161 based on signs, 159 bleeding, 160–161 deficiency syndrome, 160 cancerous fever, 162 emaciation, 160 coma, 161–162 inflammatory type, 158 hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, pain types, 159 162 poor appetite, 159 jaundice, 161 sclerosis type, 158 multiple neuropathy, 162 simple type, 158 paraneoplastic syndrome, 162 TCM therapeutics principles thyropathy, 162 acupuncture treatment, medicines used for 178–179 addie injection, 173–174 and/or chemotherapy, 163 arsenious acid injection, 173 dietary therapy, 181–182 Baishao, 172 external therapeutic methods, Banmao, 172 177–178 Banzhilian, 172 interventions, 164–166 Bayuezha, 172 management, 163–164 Chuipengcao, 172 Qigong therapy, 179–180 Dahuang Zhechong pill, TCM treatments 172–173 deficiency of liver and kidney dry Chanpi, 172 Yin, 171–172 HCPT, 174 liver heat and blood stasis, 170 huachansu injection, 174 liver heat and phlegm toxins, HuangQI, 172 170–171 Huzhang, 172 liver stagnancy and kidney kanglaite, 174 deficiency, 169–170 710 Subject Index

Liver cancer (cont.) LTA, 619 QI stagnation and blood stasis, MDR, 619 166–167 ningalin B hexamethyl, 617, 619 spleen deficiency and phlegm permethyl storniamide A, 619 stagnancy, 168–169 plakortamines, 616–617 spleen deficiency and QI Plakortis nigra, 616 stagnation, 167–168 psammapin A, 619, 621 Liver toxicity, 408 spisula polynyma, 619 Lobectomy, 8 spisulosine, 619, 621 See also Non-small cell lung storniamide A, 619–620 cancer (NSCLC) and trichostatin A, 619, 621 Longdan Xiegan decoction, 175 peptides LTA, see Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) BEL-7404 human hepatoma Lung Adjuvant Cisplatin Evaluation cell line, 630 (LACE), 10 didemnin B, 626–627 Lung cancer hemiasterlin, 628–629 in China, 5 phakellistatin, 630–631 current therapy for, 7–8 porifera cyclic octapeptides, algorithm, 13 630–631 combination treatment, 16 scleritodermin A, 628 planning, 11 tasipeptins A and B, 626–628 strategy, 12 treatment with HTI-286, therapeutic plateau, 14 629–630 treatment paradigm for, 9 steroids trials, 10, 15 agosterol A, 623 in developed world, 5 cephalostatin 1, 624 in developing countries, 5 Certonardoa semiregularis, 623 incidence, 5 dimeric marine-derived, Lung Cancer Study Group clinical 623–624 trial, 8 P-glycoprotein 170, 623 Lycopene, 409 plant-derived, 623 Lymphocytes, 383 ritterazine A, 625 squalamine, 625–626 M sterol, 622 Marine bioactive Massage therapy, 382–383 alkaloids, 614, 619, 621 MCA-induced fibrosarcoma, 42 adriamycin, 622 MDR, see Multidrug-resistant with antitumor activity in (MDR) clinical trial, 615 Medicinal plants for cancer biological activity, 615 therapy, 558 b-carbolines, 616 active molecules, isolation of, ecteinascidin 621, 743 561–562 a-galactosylceramide, 619 alkaloids molecular modes of grossularine, 615–616 action KRN-7000, 619 ABC-transports, 569–570 lamellarins, 617–618 apoptosome, 568 Subject Index 711

Bcl-2 gene, 569 Mitogen-activated protein kinase Catharanthus roseus, 568 (MAP kinase), 597 Colchicum, 568 Mitomycin-C, chemotherapeutic CYPs, 569 drugs, 52 cytotoxic interactions of, Modern cancer therapy, 5 564–566 modern medicine, 559 detoxifying enzymes and paradigm of proteins, 569 staging system, 5 DNA, 563, 566–567 tumor/node/metastasis FADD, 568 schema, 5 Huperziaserrata, 569 Modified Da Huang Mu Dan Tang, 152 microtubules, 568 Modified Shen Tong Zhu Yu Tang paclitaxel, 568 formulation, 289 P-glycoprotein, inhibition, 570 Mo Yao formulation, 218 ROS, 569 Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Taxus brevifolia, 568 cancer cell lines, 619 telomerase, 567 Multimodality therapy, 12 , 559 Multiple myeloma, 7 isolated natural products, use, 562 Mutated androgen receptors natural products, 560, 562 mining natural products pharmacogenomics antiandrogen compounds, 679, ABC-transporter, 575 681 COMPARE analyses, 571, 573 AR antagonists, 681 drug efflux/ detoxification compound 13, binding mode, mechanisms, 570 684–685 and hierarchical cluster Cryptomeria japonica, 680 analyses, 571, 574 curcumin and b-ionone, microarray analyses, 575 design, 683 mRNA expression data for, 573 DHT, 680 NCI, 571, 573 diterpenes 1–3, 679 Spearman’s rank correlation human epidemiological and test, 571 animal studies, 682 steric complexity, 561 indole-3-carbinol, 680 Vinca alkaloids, 560 luciferase reporter assays, 683 Melanoma, 412 molecular modeling and 6-Mercaptopurine, chemotherapeutic structure-based drug drugs, 52 design, 680 Metastatic NSCLC, 7 Piper cubeba L. seeds, 680 Methotrexate, chemotherapeutic structural models of AR LBD, drugs, 52 681–682 Metoclopramide, 413 troplone-related compound, 680 Mind–Body Medicine, 377–378 Mindfulness-based stress reduction N (MBSR) program, 378 Nallaflavanone, 50 Mitochondria-mediated cytochrome National Biodiversity Authority C, 42 (NBA), 538 712 Subject Index

National Cancer Institute (NCI), 571 PORT trials, 12 National Center for Complementary p53 protein expression and, 11 and Alternative Medicine SEER database, 12 (NCCAM), 374 stages and planning, 11–13 Natural killer cells, 383 surgical results, 10 Nausea, 383 survivals for, 8 Neiguan (PC6) acupoints, 150 therapeutic plateau, 14 Nei Guan (PC6) acupoints, 247 thoracic lymphadenectomy, 8 Nonpharmacological management, 381 thoracic radiotherapy, 10, 12 Non-physical healing environment trials, 10 practioner/patient interactions, 505 trimodality therapy, 13 staff interactions, 506 UFT use, 10–11 Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) Noval protein-protein interactions, cisplatin-containing combination identification doublets for, 7 BRET and FRET, 654 treatment paradigm for, 9 IP-HTMS, 652 treatment strategy for peptide mixtures, 654 algorithm, 13 in yeast and human, mapping, 655 anatomic segmentectomy, 8 NSCLC, see Non-small cell lung antiangiogenesis therapy, 15 cancer (NSCLC) bevacizumab with carboplatin Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) + paclitaxel, 15–16 binding to DNA, 42 CALGB 9633 clinical trial, 10 Nutritive Qi, 26 carboplatin/paclitaxel adjuvant O chemotherapy, 10 Oncovin1, see Vincristine chemoradiotherapy, 13 Ouch point, 150, 247 chemotherapeutic drug, Ovarian cancer timeline of, 17 history from TCM perspective clinical and pathologic TNM Jing Yue Quan Shu, 224 stages, 8 Qi reverse and blood retained, cytotoxic standard 224 chemotherapy, 15 Zhu Bing Yuan Hou DNA repair ERCC1, 11 Lun, 224 EGFR-TKI + chemotherapy incidence of, 223 studies, 14 syndrome differentiations and EGFR-TKI gefitinib, 14–15 treatment lobectomy, 8 dampness-heat and toxin Lung Cancer Study Group stagnation, 227–228 clinical trial, 8 dual deficiency of Qi and meta-analysis, 10 blood, 233–234 multimodality therapy, 12 phlegm-dampness platinum-based doublets accumulation and palliative coagulation, 229–230 chemotherapy, 14 Qi stagnation and blood stasis, pneumonectomy, 8, 12–13 226–227 Subject Index 713

spleen with Qi deficiency, radiotherapy and 232–233 chemotherapy, 245 Yin deficiency and internal therapeutic effect, 243 heat, 230–231 Yin-deficiency, 244 Yin deficiency of liver and Yi Yi Ren, 245 kidney, 231–232 Zhi Qiao, 245 TCM-based etiology and Zhu Ling, 245 pathogenesis Zhu Ru, 245 improper diet, 225 treatment of complications internal injury by seven irregular abdominal pain, 247 emotions, 225 malignant ascites, 246 Qi stagnation and blood Oxaloplatin, DNA poisons, 6 stasis, 225 Oxidative stress damage, 377 TCM formulations Ban Zhi Hua She Tang, 238 P Chuan Shan Jia San, 234–235 Paclitaxel, 6, 404, 425 Chuan Xin Lian injectable, induced neutropenia, 43 241–242 Panax ginseng, 411 Ding Xiang A Wei San, 239 Pancreatic cancer, 7 Fu Zheng Jie Du San Jie Yin, clinical manifestations and 238–239 diagnosis in TCM Hua Liu Wan, 240 abdominal CT scans, 191 Ji Sheng Da Huang Tang, abdominal pains and swelling, 236–237 189 Qing Rei Xiao Liu Jian, blood tests, 191–192 239–240 CEA levels, 192 San Ren Tang, 241 Courvoisier’s sign, 190 Shi Shang Bai injectable, 241 diarrhea and constipation, 189 Shuang Shi Tang, 236 epigastric discomfort, 189 Tao Hong Si Wu Tang Jia Wei, ERCP, 191 237–238 fatigue and poor appetite, 189 Tian Hua Feng desiccant, 242 fever, 189 Wu Mei Xiao Xia lumps, 189–190 San, 235 nausea and vomiting, 189 TCM treatment and integrative seroenzyme tests, 192 conventional, 242 urine BT-PABA tests, 192 Ce Bai Ye, 245 waist and back pain, 189 Chen Pi, 245 weight loss and jaundice, dual deficiency of Qi and Yin, 189–190 244 etiopathogenesis from TCM Fu Ling, 245 perspective, 187–189 Huai Hua Tan, 245 syndrome differentiation and Jiang Ban Xia, 245 treatment in TCM Lu Gen, 245 Bai Hua She She Cao, 196 Mai Men Dong, 245 Bai Mao Teng, 198 Qi deficiency, 243–244 Bai Xu Cai, 195 714 Subject Index

Pancreatic cancer (cont.) Chuan, 198 Bai Zhu, 193 Shu Da Huang, 193 Ban Bian Lian, 196 Shu Di Huang, 197 Ban Xia, 193 Tai Zi Shen, 196 Ban Zhi Lian, 193 Teng Li Geng, 195 Ba Yue Zha, 195 Wu Ling Zhi, 194 Chao Gu Ya, 194, 197 Wu Yao, 195, 198 Chen Pi, 193 Xian He Cao, 194 Che Qian Zi, 197 Yi Guan Jian, 196 Chuan Jian Zi, 193 Yin and Yang deficiencies, 197 Chuan Lian Zi, 195–196 Yin Chen, 193–194 Chuansanjia, 198 Yin deficiency and toxic Chuan Shan Jia, 195 heat, 195 Da Fu Pi, 194 Yi Yi Ren, 193, 198 Da Huang, 193–194 Yuan Hu, 193, 195 Danshen and Eshu, 196 Yu Jin, 193 E Zhu, 193 Ze Xie, 198 Fu Ling, 193, 198 Zexie and Mabiancao, 196 Fu Zi, 197 Zhe Bei, 195 Ge Xia Zhu Yu Tang, 195 Zhi Gan Cao, 198 Gua Lou, 194, 196 Zhi Mu, 196 Huang Jing, 193, 196 Zhi Zi, 193 Huang Qi, 194 Zhu Ling, 193, 198 Hu Zhang, 193–194 Zi He Che, 197 Ji Nei Jin, 194, 196–197 Zu Ru, 193 Jin Yin Hua, 196 TCM formulations Ji Xue Teng, 198 Bie Jia Jian Wan, 201–202 modified Ge Xia Zhu Yu Da Huang Zhe Chong Wan, Tang, 194 201 modified Wu Ling San, 197 TCM treatment modified Yi Guan Jian, historical description, 187 195–196 knowledge of, 186 modified Yin Chen Hao Tang TCM treatment complications formulation, ascitis, 200–201 192–193 jaundice, 199–200 Mu Xiang, 193–194, 198 pain, 198–199 Pu Huang, 194 worldwide incidence of, 185 Qian Niu Zi, 197 Patents Qian Shi, 197 challenges Qi deficiency and dampness interferences (United States), stagnation, 196 546–547 Qi stagnation and blood stasis, oppositions/nullity actions, 547 193–195 re-examinations and reissue, Ren Shen, 197 547–548 San Leng, 194 infringement Shen Qu, 193 Canada, 549–550 Subject Index 715

Europe, 549 Permethyl storniamide A peptides, 619 United States, 548 Phakellistatin peptides, 630 offices, 530 structures of, 631 requirements, 539 Pharmacovigilance and herbal inventive step/ products nonobviousness, ADR reporting systems, 459 543–545 African potato, 470 novelty, 541–543 benefit and risk associated, 460 support in specification and, BPH symptoms, 471–472 545–546 database, 460 types of dietary nutrients, 475–476 plant patent, 535–536 Drug Monitoring Program of sui generis system, 536–539 WHO, 459 utility/invention, 531–535 Echinacea, sunflower plant Patient–physician relationship, 497 family, 467–468 environment, 503 garlic use, 466–467 generalizations, 501–502 Ginkgo biloba use, 464–466 healing and, 498 ginseng, 468–469 paradoxical nature of, 501 indications, 459 responsibility for, 499–500 manufacturing, 460 supporting environment, 509 medicinal herbs susceptible with healthcare provider responsibility, drug pharmacology, 499 472–475 InspireHealth, 504 nomenclature worldwide, 459 lifestyle recommendations, 502 Pygeum, 470 non-physical environment Saw palmetto, 470 practioner/patient stinging nettle, 470 interactions, 505 St John’s wort, 462–464 staff interactions, 506 a-Phellndrene, 58 physical environment, 505 Phlegm-damp, 156 religious teaching Physical healing environment, 505 love, compassion and Pi (CO13) acupoints, 199 empathy, 498 Piper fatigue scale, 381 sympathy and empathy, 500–501 Piper methysticum Peptides extract didemnin B, 626 anxiolytic and sedative, 473 structures of, 627 kavalactones, 473 hemiasterlin, 628 Pishu (BL 20) acupoints, 130 structures of, 629 Plant Breeder’s Rights for plant phakellistatin, 630 varieties, 536 structures of, 631 Plant patents, 535–536 porifera cyclic octapeptides, Plant Variety Protection Act 630–631 (PVPA), 536 scleritodermin A, 628 Platinum-based doublets palliative tasipeptins A and B, 626, 628 chemotherapy, 14 structures of, 627 Pneumonectomy, 8 716 Subject Index

See also Non-small cell lung Zhi Qian Lian Xian Ai Fang, cancer (NSCLC) 264–265 Pneumonia, 215–216 Zhi Tong Fang, 263–264 Polarity therapy, 384 Zhong Jie Fen Cha, 265 Polyphenon1, 404 treatment of complications Postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) acupoints stimulation, 256 trials, 12 low urinary tract obstruction, p53 protein expression and NSCLC, 11 255 Premetrexate, 6 Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), See also Antimetabolites, DNA 672, 677 poisons HRPC, 673 Probiotics, 408 nonsteroidal antiandrogens used Profile of mood states, 377–378, in, 673 381, 383 Proteasome inhibitor, 7 Proprietary rights, 514 Protein-bound polysaccharide extract Prostate cancer, 672 (PSK), 412 androgen ablation, 673 Protein-protein interactions in etiology and pathogenesis bioactive natural products, 653 excessive emotion and DOS, case for, 660 stress, 250 FAK, 647–652 phlegm dampness, 250 and GRAF, 647 Qi stagnation, 250 HDAC, 660–661 water and body fluid retention, homology model of, 662 250 study in, 662 weak constitution, 250 human diseases, 647 Yang Qi, 250 identification of, 652–655 incidence of, 249 new technologies for screening, syndrome differentiation and 655–660 treatment, 250 CDK2, 659–660 dampness heat accumulation, fragment-based lead discovery, 251–252 657 internal binding of blood functional protein stasis, 252–253 microarrays, kidney Qi deficiency, 253–255 655–656 TCM formulations, 267–269 NMR spectroscopy, 657, 659 Bu Yuan Tiao He Tang, protein–ligand 258–261 crystallography, 659 Jie Re Tong Lin Fang, 257 small-molecule microarrays, Liu Wei Di Huang Tang, 656–658 262–263 X-ray crystallography, Long She Piao Xiao Tang, 264 659–660 Qing Re Tong Lin Fang, 258 protein kinase C (PKC), 648 Shen Qi Xian Rong Tang, and role of naturally derived 261–262 molecules, 652 Tu Fu Ling, 265–266 trichostatin-A (TSA), 661 Subject Index 717

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (CO17) acupoints, 199 (PTP-1B), 659 San ren decoction, 166 PSA, see Prostate-specific antigen San Yin Jiao (SP6) acupoints, 150, (PSA) 199, 247, 256 Pu Gong Ying formulation, 219–220 Saw palmetto, 470 SCLC, see Small cell lung cancer Q (SCLC) QCAR, see Quantitative- Scleritodermin A peptides, 628 composition-activity Scorching pain, 159 relationship (QCAR) Semecarpus anacardium L. Qigong therapy, 179–180 aflatoxin B1-induced Qi Gui Shan Jia Tang formulation, hepatocellular 213–214 carcinoma for, 52 Qing Pi formulation, 221 Amura recemosa with, 53 Qingre Dihuang decoction, 175 ayurvedic properties Qi Ye Yi Zhi Hua formulation for Adhman, 49 pain, 198 Arsha, 49 Quantitative-composition-activity Grahani, 49 relationship (QCAR), karmas with, 49 677–678 Krumi, 49 laghu, snigdha, tikshna and R ushna gunas, 49 Radiation therapy, 6 madhur and kashaya ras, 49 Randomized controlled trial (RCT), madhur vipak, 49 406 for rheumatic diseases and Reactive oxygen species (ROS), 569 anticancer activity, 49 Recognition of Forest Rights Snitra, 49 (2006), 538 ushna veerya, 49 Referred pain, 159 Vardhaman Prayog, 49 , 386 Vran, 49 treatments, 384 Bhallatak, 48–49 Relaxation, 383 biological activity, 50 and breathing exercise, 379 B-16 melanoma and glioma, 52 therapy, 381 clinical studies Renshen Biejia decoction, 176 Anacardin Forte, 53 Restorative yoga (RY), 380 anticancer remedies, 53 Ritterazine A steroids structure, 625 Vad’s findings, 54–55 ROS, see Reactive oxygen species cytotoxic effects in human tumour (ROS) cell lines, 52 Ru Xiang formulation, 218 formulations Ruyi Jinhuang powder, 177 amrit bhallatk avaleha, 50 bhallatak ghrutam, 50 S bhallatak gud, 50 Salvia miltiorrhiza bhallatak haritaki, 50 extract bhallatak lepa, 50 for cardiovascular diseases, 474 bhallatak Parpati, 50 718 Subject Index

Semecarpus anacardium L. (cont.) median survival of, 8 bhallataksav, 50 randomized clinical trials, 8 bhallatak tailam, 50 stage I, 8 narsimha choorna, 50 survival rate, 8 sanjeevani vati, 50 treatment for shodhan, 50 cisplatin/etoposide, 7–8 suranvatak, 50 prophylactic cranial radiation, 8 fruit kernel use, 49 Spider telangiectasia, 160 Glycyrzhiza gabra with, 53 Spisulosine, 619 Godambi, 49 structures of, 621 inhibitory activity cyclo- Squalamine steroids, 626 oxygenases, 53 structures of, 625 phytochemistry Steroids oil, 50 agosterol A, 623 phenolic compounds, 50 structure of, 623 phyto-constituents of, 51 cephalostatin 1, 624 P-388 lymphocytic leukemia for, 52 P-glycoprotein 170, 623 recommendations and caution plant-derived, 623 anticancer properties, 56 ritterazine A, 625 potency and utility of structure of, 625 medicine, 57 squalamine, 626 Sidha medicine, 52 structures of, 625 toxicity studies sterol, 622 adverse alterations, 56 St. John’s wort (SJW), 410–411, 460 extract administration, 56 adverse effects on drug Tween 80, 56 pharmacology, 463 Semicarpusflavanone, 50 extracts contents Semicatepetin, 50 anti-HIV agents, 463 Sesquiterpenes, 58 anti-inflammatory agents, 463 Sheng Chuan Wu formulation for antimicrobial agents, 463 pain, 198 cardiovascular drugs, 463 Shen Ji San formulation, 214 central nervous system ShenMen (TF4) acupoints, 199 agents, 463 Shen Qi Wan formulation, 286 essential oils, 462 Shen Que (CV 8) acupoints, 130 flavonoids, 462 Shihui pulvis, 175 hypoglycaemic agents, 463 Shi pi decoction, 166 immunomodulating agents, 463 Silybum marianum as inhibitors of CYP enzymes, extract for liver damage, 474 462 Sleep naphtodianthrones, 462 hygiene, 381 oral contraceptives, 463 promotion plan, 381 phenolic acids, 462 restriction, 381 phloroglucinols, 462 Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) proton pump inhibitors, 463 cisplatinum-based combination respiratory system agents, 463 chemotherapy, 8 statins, 463 Subject Index 719

induction of P-gp drug, 463 Kang Ai Ling, 124 irinotecan and, 464 Liu Jun Yi Yi Ren Tang, as oil and tablets, 462 119–120 as powder and tea infusion, 462 modified Zhi Pu Liu Jun Zi taxol and etoposide, 464 Tang, 120–121 Stomach cancer prognosis, 130–131 case studies, 203–204 Sheng Xue Fang, 127–128 dual deficiency of spleen and Sheng Xue Tang Plus and kidney, 108 Minus, 117 etiology and pathogenesis Tong You Tang, 122–123 Qi deficiency, 106 Yi Qi Fang Du Tang, 121–122 stagnated Qi, 107 Yi Qi Jian Pi Tang, 123–124 Fuyang pulse, 106 Yi Qi Zhi E Tang, 125 inadequate diet, 107 Zhi Wei Ai Fang, 118–119 irregular emotion, 108 treatment of complications role of acupuncture therapy in ascites, 132 treatment of gastric dumping syndrome, 132–133 cancer, 129–130 gastric outlet obstruction, 132 stress, 108 hemorrhage, 131 syndrome differentiation and Stomatitis, 217–218 treatment, 108 Storniamide A, 619 deficient-type cold in spleen and structures of, 620 stomach, 114–115 Stranguria, 319 dual deficiency of Qi and Structure–activity relationships blood, 116–117 (SAR), 657, 659 entwinement and obstruction Sui generis system for protection, 536 of phlegm and Qi, Brazil, 537–538 111–112 India, 538 liver and stomach, disharmony Peru, 538 of, 109 Philippines, 539 Qi stagnation and blood stasis, Superior sulcus tumor, 13 110–111 Sushruta-Samhita, 34 spleen and stomach Qi deficiency, 112–113 T stomach Yin deficiency, 113–114 T2 Adenocarcinoma, UFT use and, TCM recipes for 10–11 Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang combined Tai Chong (LR3) acupoints, 129, 199 with Si Jun Zi Tang, Tao Hong Si Wu Tang formulations, 124–125 247 Chai Hu Shu Gan Tang Tarceva combined with Xi for metastatic NSCLC and Shu Jian, 118 pancreatic cancer, 7 Fu Fang San Si He Ji, 128–129 Tasipeptins A and B peptides, FuZhengJianDuFang, 125–126 626, 628 Hua Liao Zeng Min Fang, structures of, 627 126–127 Taxol1, see Paclitaxel 720 Subject Index

TCM, see Traditional Chinese cordiofolioside A and B, 45 medicine (TCM) glucoside–tinocordiofoliside, 45 Teniposide, 425 phenylpropene disaccharides, Tetrahydrocurcumin, 58 45 Therapeutic implications sesquiterpene, 45 AR pan-antagonists, 686 tinosporaside, 45 CML, treatment of, 685 giloin and tinosporal, 45 EGFR kinase inhibitors, 686 isolated alkaloids Therapeutic massage, 383 berberine, 45 Thoracic lymphadenectomy, 8 isocolumbine, 45 See also Non-small cell lung jatrorhizine, 45 cancer (NSCLC) palmatine, 45 Three-Step Analgesic Ladder temletarine, 45 Therapy, 247 tinosporin, 44–45 Tianluo extract, 177 medicinal plants in India, 44 Tian QI ejiao syrup, 175 multi-ingredient formulations Tibetan yoga, 380 Abhayadi kwath, 46 Tinospora glabra Amrita-Bhallataka, 45 anticancer activity of, 47 Chandraprabhavati, 46 arabinogalactoses, 45 Kaishor Guggulu, 45 biological activity Rasnadi kwath, 46 antidiabetic, 46 Samshamani vati, 45 anti-inflammatory, 47 phytochemistry of, 44 antimicrobial, 47 safety studies antioxident, 46 antiangiogenic activity, 48 antipyretic, 47 aqueous extract effect, 48 antistress, 47 metastatic ovarian cancer cognition and memory treatment, 47 enhancing, 47 tealike extract, 47 diuretic, 47 sterols and lactones, 45 hepatoprotective, 47 Tinospora cordifolia (Wild) immunomodulator, 47 Miers, 45 choline and tinosporic acid, 45 phytoconstituents of, 46 cytotoxic effects against HeLa Topoisomerase inhibitors, DNA cells, 47 poisons, 6 formulations Topotecan, 6, 404, 424 fresh juice and paste, 45 See also Topoisomerase Ghana and sattwa, 45 inhibitors, DNA ghrita and taila, 45 poisons kwath and arishta, 45 Toxicity, 407 powder, 45 with black cohosh, 408 formulations of Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual for leucopenia, 48 Property Rights (TRIPS), samshamanivati, 48 537 furano diterpenes Traditional and Alternative Medicine columbin, 45 Act (1997), 539 Subject Index 721

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), inflammation of respiratory tract 25, 377, 385, 405, 678 for, 473 China Administration Bureau of, 27 for treatment of chronic fatigue criteria for diagnosis and syndrome, 473 treatment, 27 Vague pain, 159 formulations for, 27 Vascular endothelial growth factor holism theory, 26 (VEGF), 42 theories Velbe1, see Vinblastine blood and body fluid, 26 Velcade, see Bortezomib essence and Qi, 26 Vepesid1, see Etoposide five elements, 26 VeregenTM, 404 meridians and collaterals, 26 Vidarabine (Ara A) structure, 614 viscera (Zang and Fu), 26 Vinblastine, 425 Yin and Yang balance, 26 Vincristine, 6, 52, 425 Traditional knowledge (TKDL), 538 Vinorelbine, 6 Trametes Versicolor, 412 Viscera (Zang and Fu) theories, 26 Transactivation function-1 (AF-1), 673 See also Traditional Chinese Trastuzumab medicine (TCM) for HER-2.neu+ breast cancer, 7 Vitamin E, 377 Trichostatin-A (TSA), 661 Vorinostat for cutaneous lymphoma, 7 Trimodality therapy, 13 Vumon1, see Teniposide Tripterygium wilfordii, 412 Tumor W benign and malignant types, 34 Wang Bu Liu Xing Zi formulation, staging 221–222 and TNM classification, 5 Warfarin, 411 Tumour necrosis factor-alpha Web references, safety and drug (TNF-a), 42 interactions Turmerone of herbal formulations, 461 ar-turmerone, 58 Wei Shu (BL 21) acupoints, 129–130 a and b, 58 WHO Uppsala database of herbal Tween 80, 56 ADRs, 460 Wisconsin ginseng, 377 U Withaferin-A (WA), 40–41 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase antitumor and radiosensitizing (UGT), 591 activities, 42 Ukonans A, B, C and D, 58 inhibitor of TNF-a, 42 United States Patent and Trademark Withania somnifera L. Office (USPTO), 530 antitumor and radiosensitizing Uracil-Tegafur (UFT) oral drug activities, 42 combination, 10–11 as anxiolytic, 43 UV(B)-induced skin carcinoma, 42–43 ayurvedic actions balya, 39 V , 39 Vaccinium myrtillus L. shothhara, 39 diabetic retinopathy for, 473 vishaghana, 39 722 Subject Index

Withania somnifera L. (cont.) in treatment of cancer, 39–40 vrishya, 39 in tumourous lymphadenopathy, ayurvedic properties of 40 Guna–Laghu, 39 Withanolides and withanosides, 40 Kashaya, 39 Wu Ling San formulations, 150, 246 Madhur, 39 Rasa, 39 X Snigdha, 39 Xia Ku Cao formulation, 219 Tikta, 39 Xingnaojing, 176 Veerya–Ushna, 39 Xu Chang Qing formulation for Vipaka, 39 pain, 199 as cardioprotective, 43 clinical and ayurvedic usage Y analgesic property, 43 Yang toxin, 156–157 nutritive properties, 43 Yin and Yang balance theories, 26 as radiosensitizing agent, 44 See also Traditional Chinese used in India, 44 medicine (TCM) use in tumours and goiter, 43 Yinchenhao decoction, 175 experimental studies, 40 Yinlingquan (SP9) acupoints, 256 immunoprotection in cancer Yoga, 379 chemotherapy, 43 effect of, 380 immunostimulant properties, 43 meditation and, 378 integrative oncology, role in, 39 Tibetan, 380 medicinal plant, 38 weekly, 380 MEDLINE and EBSCO Yuan Hu formulation, 219 databases, 39 Yu Jin formulation, 221 pharmacognosy of, 39 phytochemistry of Z chemical constituents, 40 Zao Jiao Ci formulation, 221 phytoconstituents, 41 Yi Tong, 187 powdered leaf extract, effect of Zhen Wu Tang formulations, 150, 246 osteogenic sarcoma and breast Zhongji (CV3) acupoints, 256 cancer, 42 Zhong Wan (CV12), 129 root powder/extracts Zingiberene, 58 chemopreventive and Zi wu liu zhu principle, 178 radioprotective See also Acupuncture treatment effects, 42–43 Zolinza, see Vorinostat for cutaneous increase in lifespan, 43 lymphoma reduction in tumour Zu San Li (ST36) acupoints, 129–130, metastases, 43 150, 247, 256