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Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Asian and Pacific Coasts (APAC 2013) Bali, , September 24-26, 2013

REQUIREMENT IDENTIFICATION OF MARINE WEATHER SERVICES FOR COASTAL ADAPTATION

S. Mujiasih 1

ABSTRACT: Economic activity in the coastal area is very diverse. It requires special weather services to suit local conditions. The understanding of local weather condition is very important for coastal adaption. At present, the existing services are limited to shipping both goods and passenger. These services include bulletin for shipping and sea port weather forecasting. Parameter of bulletin for shipping consists of wave height, wind speed, weather. Sea port weather forecasting contains same parameters plus visibility and tide. While, other fields such as housing, fisheries, tourism, mining, industrial and office buildings around the port received less attention. To improve service to the public, it has been conducted a survey in 21 meteorological station locations and an analysis for 13 maritime meteorological stations report. Parameter of survey and analysis includes capability of station, dissemination media, the existing weather service, users, stakeholder location, extreme weather phenomena, boat or ship collision accidents, economic activities and shipping route. The results indicate each region has specific requirement and may have more than one service.

Keywords: Coastal adaptation, marine weather services, requirement identification .

INTRODUCTION activities at Merak-Bakauheni was delayed on 23 Januari Coastal areas geographically constitute a transition pukul 18 WIB because bad weather (antaranews, 2013). between land and sea. The areas are not defined in terms There are many marine activities which need marine of exact geographical boundaries, as they depend on the weather information. It should be well design for user topography inland and to sea. At many coasts the satisfaction. Marine meteorological services for coastal meteorological conditions are different from those and offshore areas shall include both general and experienced further inland. Coastal waters may extend specialized services to meet the requirements such as up to 100 km offshore, and the presence of the coast, as International shipping in harbor approaches and well as the relative shallowness of the waters, give rise convergence zones, Coastal community activities; to changes of atmospheric and ocean conditions which Coastal protection, including coastal engineering works; can be hazardous to the safety of shipping and small Marine SAR operations; Special transport in coastal craft.The atmospheric dynamics should be delivered in areas; Fishing; Fixed or floating installations at sea; term Forecasting or warning for coastal. Services are Pollution monitoring and clean-up operations; required not only for the coastal waters but also for Recreational boating. Whereas, Marine meteorological people living right on the coast who are subject to a services for main ports and harbour areas should meet greater frequency of strong winds and gales than those the requirements of Ships entering or leaving the port; living even a short distance inland. They need to be Cargo handling, cargo safety and warehousing; Loading warned of storm surges and tsunamis, and are also of barges; Dredging and cleaning operations; interested in finding out about surf conditions on open Shipbuilding and other construction work; Port beaches and conditions at harbour entrances (WMO- engineering projects; Ice-breaking services in ports and No.471, 2001). Some Atmospheric-Marine disaster port entrances; Marine pollution-combating operations in could be happened at coastal such as storm surge and sea the port area; Industries, commerce, judicial process and level rise (Majelis Guru besar ITB, 2010). Reviewing insurance; Waterborne recreational activities. In Indonesia geographics condition having longest coast connection with them, WMO (World Meteorological line in world and the concentrated population at coastal Organization) has given many examples of product and area, consequently the risk of life and property could be the format. The Products include coastal weather and sea higher. It needs coastal adaptation actions for risk bulletin, tropical cyclone warning for coastal areas, wind decreasing. One of action is understanding when and warning for coastal waters, warning of low visibility, where extreme phenomena would be happened earlier warning of a storm surge, warning of high surf, tsunami (Aldrian., Edvin, 2008).. There are coastal inundation warning, forecast for recreational boating, eather forecst event at Muara baru in 2006. This event was caused by – offshore platform (WMO-No.558, 2012). Beside that, superposition of swell and maximum tide. Consequently, the design of warning should consider warning inundation happened for one week and detaining daily presentation, warning dissemination, public response, activities (Pusdatin BMG, 2008). Other event, ferry eduction and cooperation with other institution (WMO-

1 Pusat Meteorologi Penerbangan dan Maritim BMKG, Jl. Angkasa I/2 Kemayoran Jakarta Pusat, 10720, [email protected], INDONESIA

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No.1139,2002). Other important process are assessment dissemination coverage. The existing marine to services performance by product improvement, meteorological can not serve all of area. The used dissemination improvement, system improvement, survey method consisted of interviewing and filling research, education and communication (WMO- questionnair. This survey was addressed to station No.1023,2000). Assesment should be continuous head or head of data and information sub division or including production, delivery and consumption. Their forecaster. components includes user based assessment, User- b. Analyzing marine meteorological station monthly Based, Scientific Program, Assessment of End-user report (Marine Meteorological Monthly Report, Requirements, Assessment for the Development or 2013) Modification of a Program, Assessment of the Value of It purposes to evaluate the existing services and Weather Forecast Services, Assessment of the product. Performance of the Scientific Programs, External c. Analyzing two points above and other source, based Reporting, Assessments Associated with High Impact on : Events,Assessment of Automated Forecast Processes, a. Internal condition of station Approach to Product/Service Development and b. It purposes to evaluate the capability of Assessment by Groupings of Countries (WMO-No.1103, meteorological station nearby coast in 2002). In this case, WMO has surveyed each NHMS disseminating marine weather information. The (National Meteorological Hydrological Services)/ WMO criteria as below : member country. It purposes to evaluate the existing a. Station Class: Class 1, 2, 3 and 4. It means product, services and dissemination (WMO, 2008). And class 1 has better capability than class also, the special survey concerning marine 2,and further. meteorological phenomena such as storm surge was b. Completeness of human resource includes done (Safford et all, 2005). The services would be observer, forecaster and technician. Score 1 increasingly fulfilled if BMKG role is well done. BMKG means Complete. Score 0 means not (Indonesian Meteorological, climatological and complete Geophysical Agency) has responsible for c. Total of human resource includes observer, meteorological, Climatological and Geophysical services forecaster and technician as article 36 item 1 mentioned (UU RI No.31, 2009). It is d. Operational time. Score 1 means 24 hours expected weather information would be delivered on operations. Score 0 means not 24 hours time, accurate and fulfilled user needs. Unfortunately, operations the big role is not parallel with marine weather services e. Location of Station. , Score 1 means nearby network. BMKG has only 10 marine meteorological sea port. Score 0 means far from seaport. stations and 3 meteorological stations in special f. Total of the used communication media. It supporting. At present, the existing services are limited could be maximum 5 types. These are to shipping both goods and passenger. These services telephone, facsimile, SMS (Short Message include bulletin for shipping and sea port weather Services), email and website forecasting. Parameter of bulletin for shipping consists g. Total of the used dissemination media. It of wave height, wind speed, weather. Sea port weather could be maxsimum 5 types. These are forecasting contains same parameters plus visibility and Television, radio, Newspaper, bulletin, tide. While, other fields such as housing, fisheries, magazine tourism, mining, industrial and office buildings around h. Total of the covered user type. It could be the port received less attention. To improve service to maximum 8 types. These are government, the public, it has been conducted a survey in 21 private, fisherman group, Print media, meteorological station locations and an analysis for 13 electronic media, Non Government maritime meteorological stations report. Parameter of Organization (NGO), university and public. survey and analysis includes capability of station, c. External condition of station. dissemination media, the existing weather service, users, It purposes to know more the needed service. stakeholder location, extreme weather phenomena, boat The criteria as below : or ship collision accidents, economic activities and a. Total of shipping route category. Score 3 shipping route. To response the increased user needs, it means the around station covers sea was done survey for 21 meteorological stations nearby transportation in one provice, Sea coast and assessment of 13 marine meteorological transportation between province and station performance. transportation with other country. Score 2 means the around station covers sea RESEARCH METHODOLOGY transportation in one provice and Sea The following methodology was used in this transportation between province, or sea research as fig.1 : transportation in one provice and a. Surveying transportation with other country, or Sea Survey was done for 21 meteorological station. transportation between province and These stations were surveyed for expanding of transportation with other country. Score 1

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means the around station covers only one c. Priority 3 type. It could be only sea transportation in i. There are often extreme phenomena, one provice or Sea transportation between and has potential area of tsunami province or and transportation with other ii. Generally, the stations have poor country. capability such as completeness of b. Total of marine activities around station. human resources, operational time, c. The extreme Weather was happened. It station location, the used includes gale, high wave, coastal communication media and the used inundation (caused by storm tide or storm dissemination media surge), surface current, waterspout. Score 1 iii. Total of the covered user type means ever, score 0 meas never d. Priority 4 d. Analyzing the potential area of tropical i. Total of the extreme phenomena type cyclone impact (meteo.bmkg,go.id, 2013) . are about 1 till 3 types, but not Score 1 means potential, score 0 means not potential area of tropical cyclone potential impact or tsunami. e. Analyzing the potential area of tsunami ii. Capability of the stations varies from (geospasial.bnpb.go.id, 2011). Score 1 poor untill well capability. means potential, Score 0 means not iii. Some stations located at estuary area potential and far from sea port. f. Total port in maximumcoverage of station, i. Total of the covered user type usually in one province. The collected port e. Compiling recommendation for each priority. type are Fishery port type from Ministry of Recommendation contains the aspect that should be Marine Affairs and Fisheries developed to solve the existing problem and has (pipp.kkp.go.id,2013), Sea port from strategic role. PT.Pelindo (inaport1.co.id, pp3.co.id, 2013) and Recreational Coast(pantai.org, Table 1. Station Respondent 2013) d. Determining development priority for station and No Stasiun Meteorologi Station Category the services, based on : 1 Tanjung Priok-Jakarta Marine Meteorological 2 Belawan Medan Marine Meteorological a. Sequencing station based on ceach criteria in Tanjung Emas- 3 Marine Meteorological internal condition and external condition Semarang b. Grouping station in 4 priorities. These are 4 Perak II-Surabaya Marine Meteorological Priority 1, Priority 2, Priority 3 and Priority 4. 5 Paotere- Marine Meteorological Priority 1 means preferred developing than 6 Bitung- Marine Meteorological 7 Teluk Bayur- Padang Marine Meteorological priority 2, and further. 8 Panjang-Lampung Marine Meteorological a. Priority 1 9 Kendari Marine Meteorological i. Scala of Marines activities around 10 Pontianak Marine Meteorological station is national and international 11 Biak Meteorological ii. There are often extreme phenomena, 12 Stamet Eltari-Kupang Meteorological 13 Cilacap Meteorological and has potential area of tropical 14 Hang Nadim Batam Meteorological cyclone impact or tsunami 15 Ambon Meteorological iii. Generally, the stations have well 16 Tanjung Pandan Meteorological capability such as completeness of 17 Babullah Meteorological human resources, operational time, 18 SMB Palembang Meteorological station location, the used 19 Balai III Denpasar Meteorological 20 Balai V Jayapura Meteorological communication media and the used 21 Jalaluddin Meteorological dissemination media. 22 Sepinggan Balikpapan Meteorological iv. Total of the covered user type 23 Pinangsori Sibolga Meteorological b. Priority 2 24 Mutiara Palu Meteorological i. There are often extreme phenomena, 25 Jefman Sorong Meteorological 26 Wai oti Maumere Meteorological and has potential area of tropical 27 Bengkulu Meteorological cyclone impact or tsunami 28 Selaparang Mataram Meteorological ii. Generally, the stations have poor 29 Cot Bau Sabang Meteorological capability such as completeness of 30 Banyuwangi Meteorological human resources, operational time, 31 Mopah Merauke Meteorological 32 Majene Meteorological station location, the used Syamsudin Noor 33 Meteorological communication media and the used Banjarmasin dissemination media 34 Thaha Jambi Meteorological iii. Total of the covered user type

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Tanjung Priok Jakarta, Hang Nadim Batam, Startt Banyuwangi, Balai III-Denpasar, Cilacap, Eltari- Kupang, Sepinggan-Balik papan and Panjang-Lampung. Survey Seventh, Total of the covered of user type are 1 till 6 user types. There are some recommendations for development. First, Increasing of human resource should be done for Internal Condition External Condition Teluk Bayur-Padang and Panjang-Lampung, Beside that, completeness of human resource should be fulfilled such as forecaster, observer and technician. The readiness Gap Analysis purposes operational time can be provided in 24 hours. Second, The needed warning information services are visibility1), gale, high wave, Swell, waterspout, coastal inundation, surface current, tsunami and tropical Priority and Recommendation cyclone. The information should be provide for next 24 – 72 hours. Tsunami Information can be available anytime via SMS, email, telephone or presentation media. Third, Conclusion the needed marine weather product are weather bulletin for sea port, weather bulletin for Ferry, weather bulletin End for national shipping, weather bulletin for international shipping, weather bulletin for recreational coast, weather bulletin for mining. Fourth, The responsibility area of Fig 1.Research Methodology Tanjung Priok is too big. Some area should be shifted to Serang Station. It purposes to increase dissemination RESULT AND DISCUSSION process and extent of user type. Fifth, education and The result of survey and analyzing can be described training should be provided for non marine as follows : meteorological station such as Cilacap, Hang Nadim Batam, Banyuwangi, Balai III-Denpasar and Sepinggan- Priority 1 Balikpapan. Sixth, Website, one of communication, The stations in this Priority are Tanjung Priok should be owned by Banyuwangi, Bitung-Manado, Jakarta, Hang Nadim Batam, Banyuwangi, Bitung- Cilacap, Eltari Kupang, Teluk Bayur-Padang. Seventh, Manado, Balai III-Denpasar, Cilacap, Eltari Kupang, SMS or SMS gateway, one of dissemination media, Sepinggan Balikpapan, Teluk Bayur-Padang and should be owned by Tanjung Priok, Eltari Kupang, Panjang-Lampung. There are some reasons. First, there Cilacap, Hang Nadim Batam, Balikpapan, Banyuwangi, are national and international trade activities such as Balai III-Denpasar. Eighth, Cooperation with the Tanjung Priok, Hang Nadim Batam, Bitung-Manado, electronic media provider (television or radio), should be Cilacap, Eltari –Kupang. Second, there are areas around intensified by Bitung Manado, Teluk Bayur Padang, station that connect local and national trade such as Hang Nadim Batam, Balikpapan, and Banyuwangi. Banyuwangi and Panjang-Lampung. Third, there are Nineth, the extending of user type should be increased area that connect national and international tourism for all station above, except balai III-Denpasar. around station such as Balai III-Denpasar. Fourth, there is mining activity around station, such as Sepinggan Priority 2 Balikpapan. Fifth, Total of The potential extreme The stations in this Priority are Paotere-Makassar, phenomena are about 4 – 5 types. The stations having 4 Pinangsori-Sibolga, Franskasiepo-Biak, Pattimura types of the potential extreme are Tanjung Priok Jakarta, Ambon, Selaprang-Mataram, Jefman-Sorong, Babullah- Hang Nadim Batam, Banyuwangi, Cilacap, Eltari Ternate, Fatmawati-Bengkulu, Cot Ba’u -Sabang and Kupang, Sepinggan Balikpapan, Teluk Bayur-Padang Balai V-Jayapura. and Panjang-Lampung. The stations having 5 types of There are some reasons. First, there are areas around The potential extreme are Bitung Manado and Balai III- station which has 2 – 4 potential extreme phenomena, Denpasar. Tanjung Priok-Jakarta experienced coastal especially nearby tropical cyclone impact and tsunami. inundation caused by superposition maximum tide and The station having 5 potential extreme phenomena is swell from South China Sea. Geographic position of Pinangsori Sibolga. The stations having 4 potential Hang Nadim Batam is nearby South China Sea which is extreme phenomena are Franskasiepo-Biak, Pattimura- tropical Cyclone productive area14).Sixth, in generally, Ambon, Babullah-Ternate, Balai V-Jayapura, Cot Ba’u - the stations have well capability such as completeness of Sabang. The stations having 3 potential extreme human resources, operational time, station location, the phenomena are Jefaman-Sorong, Selaparang-Mataram used communication media and the used dissemination and Fatmawati-Bengkulu. The stations having 2 media. The strength can accelerate dissemination of potential extreme phenomena are Paotere-Makassar. In information. Beside that, the cost of Development this Priority ini, the stations having potential tsunami and becomes lower. The well capability is belongs to tropical cyclone impact are Franskasiepo-Biak,

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Pattimura-Ambon, Babullah-Ternate, Pinangsori- Priority 3 Sibolga, Selaparang-Mataram, Fatmawati- Bengkulu, The stations in this priority are station having the Cot Ba’u-Sabang Sabang, Jefman- Sorong and Balai V- potential tsunami area. The stations are Kendari, Jayapura. Whereas, the stations having only potential Jalaludin Gorontalo, Majene, Wai Oti Maumere, Mutiara tsunami is Paotere-Makasssar. Although, this station just Palu, Mopah-Merauke and Pontianak. There area some has 2 potential extreme phenomena, but the economics reasons. First, there are areas around station which has 1 around station in national and international scale. The – 4 potential extreme phenomenas. Some areas are risk becomes higher. Second, generally, the areas around nearby the potential tropical cyclone impact, others are station are in local and national scale, except Paotere- nearby the potential tsunami area. The stations having 4 Makassar. It is in international scale. Third, Generally, potential extreme phenomenas are Wai Oti-Maumere Fisheries and fishing activities are dominant around the and Pontianak. The stations having 3 potential extreme stations. It is indicated by many fisheries Port. It shows phenomenas are Majene and Mopah-Merauke. The tsunami and tropical cyclone information required. stations having 2 potential extreme phenomenas are Second, Generally, the stations have poor capability Kendari and Jalaludin- Gorontalo. The station having 1 except Paotere-Makassar. The weakness will influence potential extreme phenomena is Palu. It is nearby public understanding and awareness for extreme potential tsunami area. Second, generally, Fisheries and phenomena around their environment. Finally, the risk of fishing activities are dominant around the stations. It is life and property will be higher. Fourth, the strength of indicated by many fisheries Port. It shows tsunami and the stations is generally 24 hours operasional except Cot tropical cyclone information required. Third, generally, Ba’u-Sabang. Other strength is station location nearby the areas around station is in local and national scale. sea port. It will increase services availability. Fifth, Fourth, generally, the stations have poor capability. The generally, composition of human resource in the stations weakness will influence public understanding and is not balance and not complete. Sixth, the utilization of awareness for extreme phenomena around their communication media such as telephone, SMS and environment. Finally, the risk of life and property will be facsimile, is not optimal. Seventh, the utilization of higher. Fifth, generally, composition of human resource electronic media such as television and radio, is not of all station is not complete, except Jallaludin optimal. Finally, total of the covered of user type are 3 Gorontalo. Sixth, the strength of the stations is 24 hours till 5 user types. operation, except Pontianak. Nevertheless, Pontianak has There area some recommendations. First, Increasing highly utillized communication media. Pontianak has of human resource should be done for PinangSori own website. It help out dissemination process and Sibolga, Babullah Ternate, Cotbau Sabang, Jefman- development cost. Seventh, generally, the stations are Sorong and Balai V-Jayapura. It preferred for Cot Ba’u- nearby sea port, except Mutiara Palu and Pontianak. This Sabang, so that can operation 24 hours. Second, the condition will accelerate services to user. Eighth, the needed warning information services are visibility1), utilization of communication media such as telephone, gale, high wave, Swell, waterspout, coastal inundation, SMS and facsimile, is not optimal. The used media is surface current, tsunami and tropical cyclone. The only telephone or facsimile. It should be minimum all of information should be provided for next 24 – 72 hours. them.Finally, total of the covered of user type are 1 till 4 Tsunami Information can be available anytime via SMS, user types. email, telephone or presentation media. Third, the There are some recommendations for this priority. needed marine weather product are weather bulletin for First, Increasing of human resource should be done for sea port, weather bulletin for Ferry, weather bulletin for Kendari, Majene, Wai Oti-Maumere, Mutiara-Palu, national shipping and weather bulletin for recreational Mopah-Merauke, Pontianak. It preferred for Pontianak, coast. Fourth, education and training should be provided so that can operation 24 hours. Second, the needed for all stations except Paotere-Makassar. Fifth, warning information services are visibility1), gale, high Utilization of communication media such as telephone, wave, Swell, waterspout, coastal inundation, surface SMS and facsimile, should be intensified by all stations. current, tsunami and tropical cyclone. The information Sixth, Cooperation with the electronic media provider, in should be provided for next 24 – 72 hours. Tsunami case television, should be intensified by Pinangsori Information can be available anytime via SMS, email, Sibolga and Balai V-Jayapura. Seventh, Cooperation telephone or presentation media. Third, the needed with the electronic media provider, in case radio, should marine weather product are weather bulletin for sea port, be intensified by Babullah Ternate, Jefman -Sorong, weather bulletin for Ferry, weather bulletin for national Fatmawati-Bengkulu and Cot Ba’u-Sabang. Eighth, shipping and weather bulletin for recreational coast. Cooperation with the print media provider in case Fourth, education and training should be provided for all newspaper, should be intensified by Babullah-Ternate, stations except Kendari and Pontianak. Fifth, Utilization BalaiV- Jayapura, Selaparang-Mataram and Cot Ba’u- of communication media such as telephone, SMS and Sabang. Nineth, the extending of user type should be facsimile, should be intensified by all stations. Sixth, increased for all station above. Cooperation with the electronic media provider in case television and radio, should be intensified by all stations except Pontianak. Seventh, the extending of user type should be increased for all station above.

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Priority 4 and readiness of station in coastal adaptation. The results The stations in this Priority are Perak Surabaya, described the strength and the weakness of station. Gap Belawan Medan, Tanjung Emas-Semarang, SMB- between the weakness and the needs, can be solved by Palembang, Syamsudin Noor-Banjarmasin, Sultan gradually development in Priority-Priority and Thaha- Jambi and Tanjung Pandan. There are some recommendation. reasons. First, there are areas around station which has 1 – 3 potential extreme phenomena. However, It is not ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS included tsunami and tropical cyclone. Second, some of Thanks to Mr.Agus Wahyu as Head of marine stations having marine activities in local until Meteorological Division, Mr.Sarimin as Head of Marine internasional scale such as Perak II-Surabaya, Belawan- Station Operation Management and Neni for the support. Medan and Tanjung Emas-Semarang ( National Geofraphic, 2013). Third, some of stations having REFERENCES marine activities in local until nasional scale such as WMO-No.471.Guide to Marine Meteorological SMB-Palembang, Syamsudin Noor-Banjarmasin, Sultan Services.2001 Edition. Thaha- Jambi and Tanjung Pandan. Fourth, generally the Majelis Guru Besar ITB. Mengelola Risiko Bencana stations are not nearby potential tropical cyclone impact Negara maritime Indonesia.ITB.2010 and tsunami, so that the area around the stations tends to Aldrian.,Edvin. Meteorologi Laut Indonesia.2008 be safe. Fifth, generally, the stations have well capability Presentasi.Gelombang Saat ROB DKI. Pusat Sistem such as completeness of human resources, operational Data dan Informasi.BMG.2008 time, station location, the used communication media http://www.antaranews.com/berita/1327337946/cuaca- and the used dissemination media. The strength can buruk-tunda-penyeberangan-merak-bakauheni accelerate dissemination of information. Beside that, the diakses tanggal 15 Maret 2013 development cost becomes lower. The well capability is WMO-No.558. Manual on Marine Meteorological belongs to Perak II-Surabaya, Belawan-Medan and Services (Volume I)- Global Aspect.2012 Edition. Tanjung Emas-Semarang. Sixth, some stations located at WMO-TD No. 1139. Guide on Improving Public far from sea port such as SMB-Palembang, Syamsudin Understanding of and Response to Noor-Banjarmasin, Jambi and Tanjung Pandan. All of Warning.WMO.2002 stations located at estuary except Tanjung pandan. It WMO-TD No. 1023. Guidelines on Performance shows the needs of marine meteorological information is Assesment of Public Weather Services.2000 low. Seventh, total of the covered of user type are 1 till 4 WMO-TD No. 1103.Supplementary Guidelines on user types. Performance Assesment of Public Weather There are some recommendations for development. Services.2002 first, the needed warning information services are http://www.wmo.int. Diakses tanggal 2 April 1) visibility , gale, swell, coastal inundation, tide level.The 2013.Survey on Improving the Delivery of Public information should be provide for next 24 – 72 hours. It Weather Services.2008. preferred for Palembang, Syamsudin Noor and Jambi. Safford, Thomas., Scholz, Paul., and Thompson, Second, the needed marine weather product are weather Jennifer. Storm Surge Tools and Information: A bulletin for sea port, weather bulletin for Estuary, User Needs Assessment.2005. Report of NOAA weather bulletin for national shipping and weather Coastal Service Center. bulletin for recreational coast. Third, The responsibility UU RI No.31 Tahun 2009 tentang area of Banjar masin is too big. Some area should be Meteorologi,Klimatologi dan Geofisika. shifted to Pangkalan Bun Station, Cenral Kalimantan. It Marine Meteorological Station Monthly Report. 2013. purposes to increase dissemination process and extent of BMKG user type. Fourth, education and training should be http://meteo.bmkg.go.id/siklon diakses tanggal 14 Maret provided for all stations except Perak Surabaya, Belawan 2013 Medan, Tanjung Emas-Semarang. Fifth, Utilization of http://geospasial.bnpb.go.id/2011/02/23/peta-zonasi- communication media such as telephone, SMS and ancaman-bahaya-tsunami-di-indonesia/ diakses facsimile, should be intensified by Syamsudin Noor- tanggal 18 maret 2013 Banjarmasin, Sultan thaha-Jambi .and Tanjung Pandan. http://www.pipp.kkp.go.id/pelabuhan_list.html?offset=0 Sixth, Website, one of communication, should be owned &pgnum=1&kls=C diakses tanggal 01 April 2013 by Tanjung Emas-Semarang. Seventh, SMS or SMS http://www.inaport1.co.id/?page_id=183diakses tanggal gateway should be provided by Perak II-Surabaya. 03 April 2013 Eighth, the extending of user type should be increased http://www.pp3.co.id/ diakses tanggal 07 april 2013 for all station above. http://www.pantai.org/ diakses tanggal 08 April 2013 http://nationalgeographic.co.id/berita/2013/03/bali- CONCLUSION semarang-surabaya-buka-jalur-untuk-kapal-pesiar Inventarization of internal and external condition of diakses tanggal 10 April 2013 station is very important to increase public awareness

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