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Philippine Military Plans Shock and Awe in Sulu Sea See Pg fmso.leavenworth.army.mil Foreign Military Studies Office Volume 6 Issue #8 OEWATCH August 2016 FOREIGN NEWS & PERSPECTIVES OF THE OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT Philippine Military Plans Shock and Awe in Sulu Sea see pg. 26 TURKEY Usuga in Colombia a Top Priority 3 NATO and the Fight against ISIS 22 Criminal Groups in Medellin Continue 40 Russia Experiments with an Operational 4 A New Roadmap for Turkish Foreign Policy? Targeting Children Reserve System 5 Turkish Commentary on the Failed Coup 42 Russian Coastal Defense Radars that INDO-PACIFIC ASIA Can ‘See’ the F-35? MIDDLE EAST/NORTH AFRICA 23 ISIS is Promoting Local Terrorism in 44 The BTR-82 and the Implementation 6 Iran: No Factional Differences on Syria Southeast Asia of Modernization 7 Iran: Developing Carbon Fibers for More 24 With Orders from Syria, ISIS Carries Out First 45 Railgun Technology as the Future of Advanced Centrifuges, UAVs Attack in Malaysia Artillery and Aerial Combat 8 Iran: Khamenei Threatens Bahrain 25 Growing Discontent and Islamic State in 46 Integration of Artificial Intelligence into 9 Yemeni Forces Aim to Vanquish Saudis Southern Thailand Network-Centric C4ISR Along the Border 26 Philippine Military Plans Shock and Awe in 48 Reactions to Armenian-Russian Agreement 10 Soft Power: Russian Language Fever Strikes Syria Sulu Sea on Joint Air Defense 11 Syria: Rebel Tussle Over Captured Pilot 27 After the South China Sea Ruling, What’s 50 Russian Investigative Report: Court Expertise Highlights Vulnerabilities Next for Vietnam? Turned into “Farce” AFRICA CHINA, KOREA, JAPAN 52 Russians Renew Concern about the 12 Nigeria and the Saudi-Anti-ISIS Coalition 28 A First for China: The Y-20 Heavy Caucasus as Syria and Ukraine Disappear 13 What to Do with Vigilantes Post-Boko Transport Aircraft from the News Haram Insurgency? 30 China to Increase its Reserve Forces? 53 Russian Reaction to Anaconda 14 Updates on the African Union 31 Armed Chinese Fishing Militias in the and Warsaw Summit 15 Fulani Vigilante Group Rising in Mali South China Sea 54 Testing Russia’s Mobilization System 16 Boko Haram Attacks in Niger Create Additional 32 Chairman Xi on Ensuring Political over 56 Protecting Russian Air Defense Systems Nontraditional Security Threats Military Strategies 57 Russia’s Serbian Ally 33 Indonesia Discusses China’s Nine-Dash Line 59 Power to the Northern People LATIN AMERICA 34 Death of Chinese Peacekeeper in Mali 60 More Arctic Air Defense 17 More Cocaine Leaving Colombia Reinforces China’s Africa Narrative 61 Coastal Defense Conference Held in Arctic 18 Is Colombia Growing a Religion Problem? 62 Russian Interests in the Arctic 18 Much of FARC Apparently Refusing to Disarm CENTRAL ASIA 19 Venezuela Apparently Continues to Spend 35 Examining the Almaty Shooting on Armaments 36 Kazakhstan’s Zenit Shipyard Launches SPECIAL ESSAY 19 Who Is In Charge of What in Venezuela? a New Ship for Service in the Caspian 20 Mexican Drug Cartels Use Franchise System 37 Security Reforms in Kyrgyzstan 63 Attack on Istanbul Airport: ISIS’s in Europe RUSSIA, UKRAINE Evolving Strategy and Implications 21 Challenges Associated with Dismantling Clan 38 Defense Against Hypersonic Weapons The Foreign Military Studies Office (FMSO) at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, is part of the US Army Training and Doctrine Command G-2, whose mission OEWATCH is to Understand, Describe, and Deliver Foreign News & Perspectives the conditions of the Operational of the Operational Environment Environment. For 30 years, FMSO has Volume 6 | Issue 8 August | 2016 conducted open source research on Regional Analysts and foreign perspectives of defense and Expert Contributors security issues, emphasizing those topics that are understudied or unconsidered. Turkey Karen Kaya Operational Environment Watch provides Middle East/North Africa Michael Rubin translated selections and analysis from Lucas Winter a diverse range of foreign articles and Africa Jason Warner other media that our analysts and expert Jacob Zenn contributors believe will give military Latin America Geoff Demarest and security professionals an added Brenda Fiegel dimension to their critical thinking about Indo-Pacific Asia Kevin Freese the Operational Environment. Anthony Ortiz Materials, outside of the original foreign press article, China, Korea, Japan Cindy Hurst under copyright have not been used. All articles published Tim Thomas in the Operational Environment Watch are not provided Jacob Zenn in full, and were originally published in foreign (non-US) media. Europe FMSO has provided some editing, format, and graphics to these articles to conform to organizational standards. Central Asia Matthew Stein Academic conventions, source referencing, and citation Chuck Bartles style are those of the author. Russia, Ukraine Anna Borshchevskaya The views expressed are those of the author and Ray Finch do not represent the official policy or position of the Les Grau Department of the Army, Department of Defense, or the US Government. Release of this information does not imply any commitment or intent on the part of the US Editor-in-Chief Tom Wilhelm Government to provide any additional information on any Editors Ray Finch topic presented herein. Harry Orenstein Design Editor Padric Hall The Operational Environment Watch is archived and available at: http://fmso.leavenworth.army.mil. Contact FMSO at: [email protected] ON THE COVER: Philipine Naval SWAG participating in battlefield exercise. Sources: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Navy#/media/File:Philippine_Navy_ Special_Warfare_Group(SWAG).jpg TURKEY Top NATO and the Fight against ISIS OE Watch Commentary: At the NATO summit in Warsaw Source: “NATO IŞİD’e karşı AWACS’ları devreye sokuyor” (NATO on 8-9 July, leaders focused on the challenges facing the is mobilizing AWACS against ISIS), Birgun.net, 10 July 2016, http:// alliance today. While the main focus was on the Russian threat, www.birgun.net/haber-detay/nato-isid-e-karsi-awacs-lari-devreye- an important outcome was that NATO decided to make its sokuyor-119359.html AWACS (airborne warning and control system) aircraft available “NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg declared that AWACS to support the anti-ISIS coalition by flying over Turkish and early warning and control aircraft sent for fighting ISIS would fly in international airspace. While NATO had sent AWACS to Turkey Turkish and international airspace.... In a press briefing in Warsaw, before, this marks the first time that NATO is officially and where the NATO summit was taking place, Stoltenberg also said that directly getting involved in anti-ISIS efforts. This is a welcome he had reassured Turkey regarding its security concerns. ... development for Turkey. The AWACS will fly on Turkish and international airspace, conduct The first accompanying passage, from the Warsaw Declaration intelligence tasks regarding ISIS targets in Syria and Iraq and pass on Transatlantic Security, notes NATO’s decision to increase their data to the international coalition carrying out the operations. dialogue and cooperation with partners in the Middle East and North Africa. It points out that NATO will enhance training and In addition, the training of local security forces of the region’s capacity-building for Iraq, and that NATO AWACS aircraft will countries will not be limited to Jordan, it will also take place in Iraq. be made available to support the anti-ISIS coalition. The second Cooperation will be strengthened to develop the military security passage, from a Turkish news article, points to the comments structures in Libya and Tunisia as well.” of NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg, who said that the AWACS would fly in Turkish and international airspace, conduct Source: “The Warsaw Declaration on Transatlantic Security,” intelligence tasks regarding ISIS targets in Syria and Iraq, and NATO.int, 9 July 2016, http://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/official_ then pass their data to the international coalition carrying out texts_133168.htm?selectedLocale=en operations. “NATO will therefore step up political dialogue and practical NATO faces an unprecedented range of complex and cooperation with our partners in the Middle East and North urgent challenges. The third passage, by respected foreign policy Africa. NATO will enhance training and capacity building for columnist Sami Kohen, discusses the outcomes of the Warsaw Iraq, and NATO AWACS aircraft will be made available to support Summit and points out NATO’s three main priorities: first - the the Counter-ISIL Coalition. NATO is contributing effectively to Russian threat and Russia’s actions in Crimea and Ukraine, addressing the refugee and migrant crisis in the Aegean Sea, and stands ready to consider possible additional support to international which have created concern among NATO members; second - efforts in the Mediterranean, in complementarity and cooperation “threats from outside the region,” i.e., the fact that NATO has with the European Union. And we will sustain our support to expanded its mission all the way to Afghanistan and is now Afghanistan, a partner to which we are committed for the long facing a threat from groups like ISIS in the Middle East, who are term.” targeting some of the alliance members with terrorist attacks; third - problems from within the region, which consist of refugee waves from Asia and Africa, along with social and economic Source: “NATO IŞİD’e karşı AWACS’ları devreye sokuyor” (NATO problems in Europe, and Britain’s decision to exit the European is mobilizing AWACS against ISIS), Birgun.net, 10 July 2016, http:// Union. End OE Watch Commentary (Kaya) www.birgun.net/haber-detay/nato-isid-e-karsi-awacs-lari-devreye- sokuyor-119359.html “The international environment in which the NATO summit in Warsaw is taking place, demonstrates the problems and challenges that the alliance faces. We can “NATO will enhance training summarize these as follows: and capacity building for 1) “The Russian threat”: The occupation of Eastern Ukraine; and the subsequent annexation of Ukraine and Crimea; followed by Moscow’s pressures Iraq, and NATO AWACS and demonstrations of its military might towards North and Eastern European aircraft will be made countries, has created a lot of concern in NATO.
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