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Izazov Moderne: Zagreb – Bec Oko 1900

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Izazov Moderne: Zagreb – Bec Oko 1900 IZAZOV MODERNE: ZAGREB – BEC OKO 1900. Slikarstvo, kiparstvo i arhitektura zagrebaCke i beCke secesije Gustav Klimt, idila, 1884., aleGorije i amblemi, sv. i, list 75, Knjižnica muzeja za umjetnost i obrt, zaGreb impresum izložbe G eneralni poKrovitelj izložbe: izložba Izazov moderne: Zagreb – Beč oko 1900. Slikarstvo, kiparstvo i arhitektura zagrebačke i bečke secesije Galerija Klovićevi dvori, Jezuitski trg 4, Zagreb 9. veljače – 7. svibnja 2017. izložba se održava pod visoKim poKroviteljstvom predsjednice republiKe hrvatsKe Kolinde Grabar-Kitarović i predsjedniKa republiKe austrije alexandera van der bellena. autorsKa Koncepcija izložbe: Irena Kraševac, Petra Vugrinec, Darija Alujević, Marina Bagarić medijsKi poKrovitelji izložbe: Kustosice izložbe: Petra Vugrinec, Iva Sudec Andreis Kustosica pripravnica: Valentina Galović FotoGraFije: Goran Vranić, Srećko Budek, Vedran Benović Galerija Klovićevi dvori zahvaljuje sljedećim ustanovama i privatnim vlasnicima na vizualni identitet: Bachrach & Krištofić posudbi umjetnina i ostale Građe: liKovni postav: Sanja Bachrach-Krištofić i Petra Vugrinec Belvedere, Beč prijevod na enGlesKi: Nikolina Jovanović Arhiv za likovne umjetnosti HAZU / Državni arhiv u Zagrebu administracija izložbe: Ana Fistanić / Galerija umjetnina, Split / Gliptoteka hazu / Grad Zagreb / Gradski muzej Nova Gradiška / Gradski muzej Vukovar / Hrvatski odnosi s javnošću: Goga Bralić i institut za povijest / Hrvatski muzej arhitekture, hazu / Hrvatski pedaGošKi proGram: Liljana Velkovski povijesni muzej, Zagreb / Institut za povijest umjetnosti / Kabinet grafike, hazu / Klimt-Foundation, Beč / Knjižnice grada Zagreba restauratorsKi radovi: Petra Kursar, Marija Kalmeta, / Kolekcija Vugrinec / Ministarstvo kulture Republike Hrvatske, Petra Rihter Uprava za zaštitu kulturne baštine / Moderna galerija, Zagreb / Muzej grada Koprivnice, Zbirka V. Malančeca / Muzej grada tehničKa orGanizacija: Dragutin Matas Zagreba / Muzej likovnih umjetnosti, Osijek / Muzej za umjetnost tehničKa realizacija: Tomislav Antolić, Damir Babić, i obrt, Zagreb / Muzeji Ivana Meštrovića, Split, Zagreb / Muzeji i Davor Markotić, Tomo Šetek galerije Konavala, Kuća Bukovac, Cavtat / Nacionalna i sveučilišna knjižnica u Zagrebu / Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, prijevoz izložbe: Galerija Klovićevi dvori, Kunsttrans Bildarchiv / Peter Infeld Privatstiftung, Beč / Samoborski muzej, Samobor / Strossmayerova galerija starih majstora, hazu / Wien osiGuranje izložbe: Museum, Beč / Wienerroither & Kohlbacher, Beč / Zavičajni muzej Našice / Zbirka Flögel-Mršić, Zagreb / Zbirka Kovačić – Mihočinec, Zagreb / Boris Anišić / Teo Bulaić / Josip Juraj Gašparac / Marijan Hanžeković /Ružica Iveković / Janka Doranić / Juraj Kralj / Asim Kurjak / Mimi Rakočević / Gioia-Ana Ulrich / i ostalim privatnim vlasnicima. izložba je ostvarena zahvaljujući novčanoj potpori ministarstva Kulture republiKe hrvatsKe i GradsKoG Galerija Klovićevi dvori najtoplije zahvaljuje ured za obrazovanje, Kulturu i sport Grada zaGreba pojedincima Koji su doprinijeli uspješnoj te sredstvima Galerije Klovićevi dvori i sponzora realizaciji izložbe: Dr. Alfred Weidinger, Dr. Arnika Schmidt, Belvedere, Beč / Susanne Ranetzky, Georg Christian Lack, Austrijski kulturni forum, Zagreb / Miroslav Gašparović i stručno osoblje, Muzej za umjetnost i obrt, Zagreb SADRŽAJ 9 Antonio Picukarić Uvodna riječ 11 Viktor Žmegač Duh bečke moderne 23 Irena Kraševac Izazov moderne: Zagreb i Beč oko 1900. 47 Alfred Weidinger Gustav Klimt — karakterizacija umjetnika 57 Petra Vugrinec Hrvatski salon i bečka Secesija: slikarstvo u Zagrebu i Beču oko 1900. 125 Darija Alujević Beč kao mjesto formiranja umjetnica hrvatske moderne i njihov udio u likovnom životu Zagreba 149 Petra Vugrinec Reformirana haljina Kolomana Mosera i Bele Csikosa Sesije 153 Darija Alujević Hrvatski kipari u Beču od 1898. do 1913. godine 175 Irena Kraševac “Umjetnosti njezina sloboda”: Gustav Klimt i Ivan Meštrović, slikarski i kiparski odgovor na secesiju 195 Irena Kraševac Moderna umjetnost i naručitelji: Kuća Wittgenstein ispunjena ‘Mestrowitz-Statuama’ 203 Marina Bagarić Lokalna tradicija i uvozna secesija: zagrebačka arhitektura između 1898. i 1918. 235 Programatski tekstovi 269 Biografije 284 Hrvatski umjetnici na školovanju u Beču 289 Hrvatski umjetnici na izložbama u Beču 292 Katalog 312 Bibliografija 8 “Vremenu njegova umjetnost — umjetnosti njezina sloboda” Antono Picukarić Uvodna riječ i zahvale Slikarstvo, kiparstvo i arhitektura zagrebačke i bečke secesije IZAZOV MODERNE: ZAGREB − BEČ OKO 1900. Antonio Picukarić 9 UVODNA RIJEČ Umjetnost briše razlike između centra i periferije Izložba Izazov moderne: Zagreb – Beč oko 1900. aktualizira višestoljetne veze dvaju gradova upravo na području gdje su one rezultirale najvidljivijim manifestacijama — na širokom polju vizualne kulture. Kroz arhitekturu, skulpturu i slikarstvo preplitanje bečke kulture sa zagrebačkom ostvarilo je rječite primjere na koje smo danas posebno ponosni i prema kojima se odnosimo s posebnim pijetetom. Bečka kultura na prijelazu stoljeća, posebno na području likovnih umjetnosti, ali i na svim ostalim planovima, meritum je gradovima Srednje Europe. Brojne izložbe na temu odnosa s Bečom održane diljem Europe svjedoče o važnosti utjecaja nekadašnje austrougarske prijestolnice na kulturu gradova poput Pariza, Berlina ili Budimpešte. Zagrebački umjetnici, vrativši se sa školovanja na bečkim visokim školama i akademijama, ostvarili su pravi likovni procvat, a umjetnost koju su pod okriljem bečke kulture ostvarili prepoznata je kao zagrebačka šarena škola. Umjetnike Beča i Zagreba na prijelazu iz 19. u 20. stoljeće okupirale su iste teme: zagrebački se umjetnici poput bečkih bore za slobodu umjetničkog izražavanja kao i za pro- fesionalizaciju vlastita poziva. Grade se umjetnički atelijeri, formiraju profesionalna društva, osnivaju programatski časopisi, otvaraju galerije i umjetničke škole, a to jedinstveno razdoblje umjetničkog poleta odvija se usporedno u Beču i Zagrebu. Na izložbi ćemo prvi put povezati djela velikana hrvatskog i austrijskog slikarstva i kiparstva, arhitekture i primijenjene umjetnosti, Gustava Klimta, Kolomana Mosera, Josefa Hoffmanna, Vlahe Bukovca, Roberta Auera, Ivana Meštrovića, Antonije Krasnik i drugih važnih protagonista toga umjetnički poticajnog doba. Izložba u Galeriji Klovićevi dvori pokazat će snažne veze, dosad neprimjetne podudarnosti, razriješit će dileme međusobnih utjecaja te, kao što to i priliči velikim projektima poput ovoga, skrenuti pozornost na vrijednosti hrvatske likovne baštine u kontekstu europske kulture. U godini kada obilježavamo prijateljstvo Republike Austrije i Republike Hrvatske, izložbeni program Galerije Klovićevi dvori bit će aktivnim sudionikom. Zahvaljujem našim osnivačima, Ministarstvu kulture Republike Hrvatske i Gradu Zagrebu, na svesrdnoj podršci projektu. Zahvalu izražavam svim muzejskim i galerijskim ustanovama koje su se uključile u ovaj projekt posudbom djela i dragocjenom kolegijalnom suradnjom, posebice Muzejima Ivana Meštrovića, Muzeju za umjetnost i obrt te Modernoj galeriji iz kojih dolazi najveći broj eksponata. Posebnu zahvalnost želim izraziti upravi Österreichische Galerie Belvedere na povjerenju koje nam je iskazala posudivši nam neka od svojih najvrednijih djela. Iskrenu zahvalu dugujem i svim ostalim institucijama i pojedincima Hrvatske i Austrije koji su se na tri mjeseca lišili svojih djela kako bi prezentaciju naše izložbe učinili što cjelovitijom. Vjerujem da ćemo izložbom opravdati ukazano povjerenje te da će izbor autorskog tima izložbe na najbolji mogući način predstaviti svu raskoš likovne produkcije u sinergiji dviju kultura s prijelaza stoljeća — bečke i zagrebačke. antonio picuKarić, ravnatelj Galerije Klovićevi dvori IZAZOV MODERNE: ZAGREB − BEČ OKO 1900. Slikarstvo, kiparstvo i arhitektura zagrebačke i bečke secesije 10 p anorama beča oKo 1900., muzej za umjetnost i obrt, zaGreb Slikarstvo, kiparstvo i arhitektura zagrebačke i bečke secesije IZAZOV MODERNE: ZAGREB − BEČ OKO 1900. 11 Viktor Žmegač DUH BEČKE MODERNE Prenesimo se stotinjak godina unazad i zamislimo zemljovid na kojem nisu ucrtani samo geografski sadržaji nego i kulturni fenomeni. Primjerice europske metropole s obzirom na njihovo značenje u kulturnoj tradiciji. Smotra našeg imaginarnog pregleda pokazuje nekoliko gradova u kojima se na osobit način očituje dinamika razdoblja oko prijeloma stoljeća. Ako pretpostavimo još i natjecateljski odnos, najozbiljniji će konkurenti biti Pariz, Beč, Berlin, Sankt Peterburg i London. Usporedba između tih središta potvrđuje srodnost prvih dvaju gradova. Metropole s dugom kulturnom i političkom tradicijom, Beč i Pariz, bile su centri u pravom smislu, upravni, umjet- nički, znanstveni, gospodarski. Na neke druge zemlje s velikom kulturnom prošlošću, poput IZAZOV MODERNE: ZAGREB − BEČ OKO 1900. Slikarstvo, kiparstvo i arhitektura zagrebačke i bečke secesije 12 vijećnica, beč, oKo 1907., s veučilište, beč, oKo 1910., muzej za umjetnost i obrt, zaGreb muzej za umjetnost i obrt, zaGreb Italije i Njemačke, pojam centralizacije nije primjenjiv. Austrijsko i francusko središte srodna su, nadalje, i po tome što su, napose u 19. stoljeću, postala stjecišta različitih narodnosti i mjesta interkulturalnih procesa, u kojima su se prepoznavali tragovi imperijalne povijesti. Zanimljivo je da su oba grada svoj reprezentativan izgled u duhu predodžbe o velesili stekla tek u razdoblju kad je imperijalna epoha bila na izmaku. I Beč i Pariz prednjačili su u drugoj polovini 19. stoljeća u težnji da
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