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Klimt and the Ringstrasse

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Klimt and the Ringstrasse — 1 — Klimt and the Ringstrasse Herausgegeben von Agnes Husslein-Arco und Alexander Klee Edited by Agnes Husslein-Arco and Alexander Klee Inhalt Agnes Husslein-Arco 9 Klimt und die Ringstraße Klimt and the Ringstrasse Cornelia Reiter 13 Die Schule von Carl Rahl. Eduard Bitterlichs Kartonzyklus für das Palais Epstein The Viennese School of Carl Rahl. Eduard Bitterlich’s series of cartoons for Palais Epstein Eric Anderson 23 Jakob von Falke und der Geschmack Jakob von Falke and Ringstrasse-era taste Markus Fellinger 35 Klimt, die Künstler-Compagnie und das Theater Klimt, the Künstler Compagnie, and the Theater Walter Krause 49 Europa und die Skulpturen der Wiener Ringstraße Europe and the Sculptures of the Ringstrasse Karlheinz Rossbacher 61 Salons und Salonièren der Ringstraßenzeit Salons and Salonnières of the Ringstrasse-era Gert Selle 77 Thonet Nr. 14 Thonet No. 14 Wiener Zeitung, 28. April 1867 84 Die Möbelexposition aus massiv gebogenem Längenholze der Herren Gebrüder Thonet The exhibition of solid bentwood furniture by Gebrüder Thonet Alexander Klee 87 Kunst begreifen. Die Funktion des Sammelns am Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts in Wien Feeling Art. The role of collecting in the late nineteenth century in Vienna Alexander Klee 93 Anton Oelzelt. Baumagnat und Sammler Anton Oelzelt. Construction magnate and collector Alexander Klee 103 Friedrich Franz Josef Freiherr von Leitenberger. Das kosmopolitische Großbürgertum Baron Friedrich Franz Josef von Leitenberger. The cosmopolitan grande bourgeoisie Alexander Klee 111 Nicolaus Dumba. Philanthrop, Mäzen und Kulturpolitiker Nicolaus Dumba. Philanthropist, patron of the arts, and cultural politician Content Elisabeth Sturm-Bednarczyk 121 Private Sammlungen an der Ringstraße Alexander Klee Private collections on Ringstrasse 122 Wiener Figuren aus der Porzellansammlung von Karl Mayer Alexander Klee Viennese figures from Karl Mayer’s porcelain collection 132 Die klassizistische Porzellansammlung des Großindustriellen Ferdinand Bloch-Bauer Alexander Klee The neoclassical porcelain collection of the industrial magnate Ferdinand Bloch-Bauer 144 Eine kleine Auswahl von Silberarbeiten aus der Silbersammlung Bloch-Bauer/Pick Gerd Selle A small selection of silver from the collection of Bloch-Bauer/Pick now in a Viennese private collection 157 Tafelteil Plates Elisabeth Sturm-Bednar- czyk 298 Namensregister Index of persons 300 Autorinnen und Autoren Authors 304 Impressum und Bildnachweis Colophon, Picture credits Agnes Husslein-Arco Klimt und die Ringstraße Klimt and the Ringstrasse — 9 — To this day, the Vienna Ringstrasse remains a symbol of the ie Wiener Ringstraße ist auch heute noch splendor of the Gründerzeit era, the nineteenth century’s be- ein Synonym für den Glanz der Gründer- lief in progress, and the city’s claim as the capital of a major zeit, den Fortschrittsglauben des 19. Jahr- European power. Emperor Franz Joseph outlined the key prin- hunderts und den Anspruch der Stadt, ciples behind this massive building project in a manuscript Kapitale einer europäischen Großmacht dated December 20, 1857. “It is my will that the extension of zu sein. In seinem Handschreiben vom the inner city of Vienna be undertaken as soon as possible 20. Dezember 1857 hatte Kaiser Franz with a view to connecting it to the outer districts and to orga- Joseph die Grundlinien dieses riesigen Bauvorhabens umrissen: nizing and embellishing my residence and imperial capital. To D„Es ist Mein Wille, daß die Erweiterung der inneren Stadt Wien this end, I authorize the removal of the walls, fortifications, mit Rücksicht auf eine entsprechende Verbindung derselben mit and ditches surrounding the inner city.”1 It also made refer- den Vorstädten ehemöglichst in Angriff genommen und dabei ence to the construction of “an opera house, imperial archive, auch auf die Regulierung und Verschönerung Meiner Residenz- library, city hall, and the necessary buildings for museums and und Reichshauptstadt Bedacht genommen werde. Zu diesem galleries.” Ende bewillige Ich die Auflassung der Umwallung und Fortifika- 1 By the time of the official opening of the Ringstrasse on May 1, tionen der inneren Stadt, so wie der Gräben um dieselbe.“ Hierin 1865, the old city walls and bastions had been razed and the enthalten war auch der Neubau „eines Opernhauses, eines streets laid out and planted with trees, replacing the former Reichsarchives, einer Bibliothek, eines Stadthauses, dann der walking and riding paths along the fortifications. Apartment nöthigen Gebäude für Museen und Galerien“. buildings had been erected, and the opera house and Votiv- Bei der offiziellen Eröffnung der Ringstraße am 1. Mai 1865 wa- kirche [Votive Church] were under construction. The parlia- ren die Bastionen abgetragen, die Straßenzüge angelegt und mit ment, city hall, Burgtheater, and university were not built until Bäumen bepflanzt – als Ersatz für Spazier- und Reitwege auf der the 1870s. Bastei. Bis dahin waren entlang der Ringstraße vorwiegend Zins- In the long term, the construction of numerous public build- häuser entstanden, die Staatsoper und die Votivkirche waren noch ings outside the medieval center extended and shifted the im Bau, während das Parlament, das Rathaus, das Burgtheater und pulsating life of the city towards the Ring. The elegant coffee- die Universität erst in den 1870er-Jahren errichtet wurden. houses that gradually opened up along the Ringstrasse and the Der Neubau vieler öffentlicher Institutionen außerhalb des mit- many parks there moved the salons from the Ringstrasse pal- telalterlichen Zentrums bewirkte langfristig eine Erweiterung aces to the promenade. The “Ringstrasse corso” between und Verlagerung des pulsierenden Stadtlebens an den Ring. Die Kärntnerstrasse and Schwarzenbergstrasse, also known as “the nach und nach sich dort ansiedelnden Nobelcafés und die vielen noble Ring,” was the domain of those members of the Vien- entlang der Ringstraße angelegten Parks verlegten den Salon der nese upper classes who could afford the luxury of strolling up Ringstraßenpalais auf die Promenade. Der „Ringstraßenkorso“ and down it during the day: “In spring, in fall, and even in zwischen Kärntner Straße und Schwarzenbergstraße, der soge- winter when the weather is fine, it is the done thing to appear nannte „Nobelring“, war die Domäne der Oberschicht in Wien, on the Ringstrasse between eleven and two o’clock. ‘All of Vi- die es sich leisten konnte, untertags spazieren zu gehen: „Im enna’ can be seen here at this time. […] It is sufficient to do two Frühling, im Herbst und sogar im Winter bei schönem Wetter circuits of the Ringstrasse […] to acknowledge and greet all of ist es guter Ton, auf der Ringstraße zwischen elf und zwei Uhr one’s acquaintances.”2 The social standing of an individual spazieren zu gehen. ‚Ganz Wien‘ ist hier vollständig anzutreffen could be read on the basis of who greeted whom. These prom- […]. Es genügt, zwei Mahl den Teil der Ringstraße abzuwan- 2 enades served to establish and renew social contacts and to deln […] um alle seine Bekannten zu erkennen und zu grüßen.“ demonstrate them publicly. Das soziale Prestige war während des Flanierens am Grüßen 1 Elisabeth Springer, Geschichte und Kulturleben der 1 Zit. nach Elisabeth Springer, Geschichte und Kulturleben der Wiener Ringstraße, Wiener Ringstraße, Wiesbaden 1979, pp. 94–95. Wiesbaden 1979, S. 94f. 2 Franz Baltzarek, Alfred Hoffmann, Hannes Stekl, Wirtschaft und Gesell- 2 Franz Baltzarek/Alfred Hoffmann/Hannes Stekl, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft der schaft der Wiener Stadterweiterung (Die Wiener Ringstraße. Bild einer Wiener Stadterweiterung (Die Wiener Ringstraße. Bild einer Epoche, Bd. V), Epoche, vol. V), Wiesbaden 1975, pp. 339–40. Wiesbaden 1975, S. 339f. — 10 — The Ringstrasse thus became the yardstick for social status und Gegrüßtwerden abzulesen. Das Spazierengehen diente dazu, and a manifestation of the desire of the Austro-Hungarian soziale Kontakte zu schaffen, zu erneuern oder öffentlich zu prä- monarchy to modernize the city. Inspired by Haussmann’s sentieren. designs for remodeling Paris, a new representative focal point Die Ringstraße war somit zum Gradmesser des gesellschaftli- was created that was intended to show to the world both Vien- chen Ansehens geworden und Manifestation der Modernisie- na’s economic prowess and its artistic and cultural potential. rungsbestrebungen der k. u. k.-Monarchie. Nach dem Vorbild Not only the façades but also the lavish interior designs served der Pariser Stadterneuerung unter dem Präfekten Georges- to confirm the city’s cultural pre-eminence. The exuberant Eugène Haussmann schuf man ein neues repräsentatives Zen- pomp of the Ringstrasse palaces and the rich collections of trum, das sowohl die wirtschaftliche Leistungsfähigkeit als auch artworks and antiques bore witness to the self-assurance of das künstlerische und kulturelle Potenzial Wiens aller Welt vor the grande bourgeoisie, whose lifestyle mirrored that of the Augen führen sollte. Aber nicht nur die Fassaden, auch die opu- aristocracy. Often these palaces were conceived from the out- lenten Raumausstattungen dienten der Repräsentation des kul- set as Gesamtkunstwerke in which no decorative detail was turellen Selbstverständnisses. Der überbordende Prunk der left to chance. Ringstraßenpalais und die reichen Sammlungen von Kunstwer- The exhibition “Klimt and the Ringstrasse” draws attention to ken und Antiquitäten zeugen von einem selbstbewussten Groß- the painting of the Ringstrasse era, its collectors, and their bürgertum, das sich am aristokratischen
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