DOCSLIB.ORG

2016 Strategic Conflict Assessment of Nigeria

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
2016 Strategic Conflict Assessment of Nigeria 2016 Strategic Conflict Assessment of Nigeria 2016 Strategic Conflict Assessment of Nigeria Consolidated and Zonal Reports Institute for Peace and Conflict Resolution Abuja Published by Institute for Peace and Conflict Resolution Abuja © Institute for Peace and Conflict Resolution (IPCR), Abuja 2017 First published 2017 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior permission of IPCR, the copyright owner. ISBN 978–978–961–473–8 Produced in Nigeria at The Archers Press by JOHN ARCHERS (Publishers) Ltd. First Floor, Ebun Isola House, 53 Gbadebo Str., Mokola GPO Box 339, Dugbe, Ibadan ! 0803 4476 916, 0805 833 6156 e-mail: [email protected] [email protected] Contents Foreword 9 List of Acronyms 11 List of Table 11 Editorial Team 12 Executive Summary 13 SECTION ONE: INTRODUCTION AND METHODS OF STUDY 21 1.1 General Introduction 21 1.2 Methods of Study 24 1.3 Limitations and Constraints 26 SECTION TWO: THE BACKGROUND TO CONFLICTS IN NIGERIA 27 2.1 History 27 2.2 Geographical Spread and Categorisation of Conflicts 30 2.3 Emerging Forms of Conflict Dynamics 50 SECTION THREE: THE STRUCTURAL CAUSES OF CONFLICTS 52 3.0 Methodology Issues for Conflict Assessment 52 3.1 Security-related Manifestations of Conflict 53 3.2 Political Manifestations of Conflict 54 3.3 Economic Manifestations of Conflict 55 3.4 Social Manifestations of Conflict 57 3.5 Conflict Actors 58 3.6 Conflict Dynamics 62 SECTION FOUR: RESPONSES TO CONFLICTS 64 4.0 Methodology 64 4.1 Track One: Government Response 64 4.2 Track Two: Non-Government Response 67 4.3 Track Three: International Organisations 67 4.4 General Conclusion 67 SECTION FIVE: RECOMMENDATIONS 70 5.1 Achieving Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions 70 References (Consolidated Report) 73 ZONAL REPORTS 77 NORTH-CENTRAL GEO-POLITICAL ZONE 79 List of Acronyms 81 List of Table/Maps 82 2016 STRATEGIC CONFLICT ASSESSMENT OF NIGERIA: CONSOLIDATED AND ZONAL REPORTS " 5 Executive Summary 83 Section One: Introduction and Historical Background 85 Section Two: Methodology 88 Section Three: Conflict/Peace Studies 89 FCT Abuja 89 Benue State 96 Kogi State 108 Kwara State 118 Nasarawa State 127 Niger State 134 Plateau State 139 References 144 NORTH-EAST GEO-POLITICAL ZONE 147 Acronyms and Abbreviations 149 List of Maps 151 Executive Summary 152 The North-East of Nigeria 154 Adamawa State 165 Bauchi State 178 Borno State 189 Gombe State 200 Taraba State 206 Yobe State 213 References 218 NORTH-WEST GEO-POLITICAL ZONE 223 List of Acronmys 225 List of Maps 226 Executive Summary 227 Section One: Introduction and Historical Background 231 Section Two: Methodology 234 Section Three: Conflict Case Studies 235 Jigawa State 238 Kaduna State 242 Kano State 251 Katsina State 254 Kebbi State 260 Sokoto State 264 Zamfara State 268 Section Four: Causes and Analysis of Conflicts 274 Section Five: Impact of Conflicts 276 Section Six: Responses/Interventions 279 Section Seven: Conclusions 283 Section Eight: Recommendations 286 References 289 6 " 2016 STRATEGIC CONFLICT ASSESSMENT OF NIGERIA: CONSOLIDATED AND ZONAL REPORTS SOUTH-EAST GEO-POLITICAL ZONE 291 List of Acronyms 293 List of Maps 294 List of Tables 295 Executive Summary 296 Section One: Introduction and Historical Background 298 Section Two: Methodology 300 Section Three: Conflict Case Studies 302 Abia State 302 Anambra State 304 Ebonyi State 305 Enugu State 307 Imo State 309 Section Four: Causes and Analysis of Conflict 313 Section Five: Impacts of Conflicts 327 Section Six: Responses/Interventions 328 Section Seven: Conclusions 331 Section Eight: Recommendations 334 References 334 SOUTH-SOUTH GEO-POLITICAL ZONE 337 List of Acronyms 339 List of Tables/Maps/Plates/Figures 341 Executive Summary 342 Methodology 349 Background to Conflicts in South-South Zone 350 Responses/Interventions 362 Conclusion 366 Recommendations 371 Conflict Case Studies 374 Akwa Ibom State 375 Bayelsa State 385 Cross River State 391 Delta State 397 Edo State 411 Rivers State 426 References 433 SOUTH-WEST GEO-POLITICAL ZONE 439 List of Acronyms 441 List of Maps 442 Executive Summary 443 Section One: Introduction and Historical Background 446 Section Two: Methodology 447 Section Three: Conflict/Peace Case Studies 449 2016 STRATEGIC CONFLICT ASSESSMENT OF NIGERIA: CONSOLIDATED AND ZONAL REPORTS " 7 Ekiti State 449 Lagos State 452 Ogun State 461 Ondo State 476 Oyo State 486 State of Osun 491 Section Four: Causes and Analysis of Conflict 498 Section Five: Impact of Conflict 508 Section Six: Responses/Interventions 510 Section Seven: Conclusions 513 Section Eight: Recommendations 514 References 515 Bibliography 521 Specimen of Standard Survey Questionnaire 539 Specimen of Standard SCA Reporting Format 542 Index 543 8 " 2016 STRATEGIC CONFLICT ASSESSMENT OF NIGERIA: CONSOLIDATED AND ZONAL REPORTS Foreword Professor Oshita O. Oshita, fspsp Director-General Institute for Peace and Conflict Resolution, Abuja Since her independence in 1960, Nigeria has experienced different types of violent conflicts that have negatively impacted on the country’s population across the six geopolitical zones. As expected, peace and security have been badly undermined by the episodic, yet recurring conflict disorders causing harm, displacement and even death. Apart from violent community conflicts, the insurgency caused by the Boko Haram extremist islamic sect in northern Nigeria; the militancy in the Niger Delta region; the increasing incidences of farmers-herders’ violent clashes; the spate of kidnappings and violent robberies, there are also incidences of cultism and separatist agitations that have often turned violent. These conflicts, no doubt, portend harmful consequences for the country’s cultural and social values; ethnic cohesion; social integration, stability and sustainable development. It is against this backdrop that a number of measures are adopted by the government to understand and deal with the phenomenon of dysfunctional conflicts in Nigeria. One of these is the Strategic Conflict Assessment (SCA). This edition, being the fourth since the 2002 assessment, provides accurate and updated data on the violent conflicts in Nigeria. This SCA contains field data and analyses, including conflict prevention and management strategies for government, institutions and communities at various levels. In order to link research to policy and action, the 2016 SCA is accompanied by a National Action Plan (NAP), which focuses on multi-actor partnerships for peacebuilding and conflict regulation in Nigeria. We sincerely acknowledge and thank the UNDP and NSRP for their financial and technical support for the conduct of this 2016 SCA study. We particularly thank Dr. Zebulon Takwa, Mr. Matthew Alao, Mr. Adam Bergman (all from UNDP), Dr. Ukiwo Ukoha and Mr. Bashiru Olasupo (from the NSRP). The Institute is grateful to Professor Olusegun Matanmi, Professor Yohanna Gandu, Professor Umaru Pate, Dr. Naomi Akpan-Ita, Professor Hassan Saliu, Dr. Lazarus Saale; Professor Habu Galadima, Dr. Gbemisola Animasawun; Professor Carol Arinze-Umobi, Dr. Aliyu Ahmed Hameed, Dr. Abubakar Muazu and Professor Aisha Abdul-Isma’il who served as consultants to the project. Special thanks to Professor Olusegun Matanmi, Professor Yohanna Gandu and Dr. Gbemisola Animasawun for drafting the Consolidated Report and the editorial work they did on the Zonal Reports. I commend the efforts of my colleagues Dr. Bakut Bakut, Mr. Gabriel Jiya, Mr. Peter Opara, Professor Edde Iji, Mr. Sam Abi, Mr. Emmanuel Mamman, Mr. Manshop Garba, 2016 STRATEGIC CONFLICT ASSESSMENT OF NIGERIA: CONSOLIDATED AND ZONAL REPORTS " 9 Ms Grace Awodu, Dr. Bosede Awodola, Mr. Adejoh Haruna, Mr. Mang Chaimang and Ms Adaeze Uju Oguike for the complementary roles they played in editing the draft reports. Mr. Emmanuel Mamman is specially acknowledged for coordinating and managing this project with admirable resilience. Let me also thank all other colleagues at the Institute who played individual or group roles during the various stages of this SCA. I am convinced that government, development partners, civil society groups and communities will find the 2016 SCA and the accompanying NAP useful in responding to the palpable challenges that violent conflict and insecurity pose in Nigeria today. The National Action Plan (NAP) which is an addendum document to this report draws attention to the need for specific actions by all stakeholders in strengthening early warning and conflict prevention infrastructure in the country. IPCR will continue to lead research and practice that will ultimately see Nigeria become a more peaceful and secure country for everyone irrespective of geography, creed or ethnicity. 10 " 2016 STRATEGIC CONFLICT ASSESSMENT OF NIGERIA: CONSOLIDATED AND ZONAL REPORTS List of Acronyms ANSA Armed Non-State Actors BCDA Border Communities Development Agency CVE Countering Violent Extremism DSS Department of State Services EWERS Early Warning and Early Response System EWS Early Warning System FCT Federal Capital Territory FGD Focus Group Discussion FGN Federal Government of Nigeria FOI Freedom of Information GDP Gross Domestic Product HR Human Resource IDP Internally Displaced Person IMF International Monetary Fund IPCR Institute for Peace and Conflict Resolution IPOB Indigenous People of Biafra J/ACI Judicial/Administrative Commission of Inquiry JCI Judicial Commission of Inquiry KII Key Informant Interview
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Bauchi State University, Gadau, University Assembly Hall, Mai Campus, Itsa-Gadau, Bauchi State
    Proceedings of The Academic Conference of African Scholar Publications & Research International on Challenge and Prospects Vol. 8 No. 2. 10th December, 2015 – Bauchi State University, Gadau, University Assembly Hall, Mai Campus, Itsa-Gadau, Bauchi State. THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MOBILIZATION DYNAMICS ON GBAGYI LANGUAGE SHIFT, RECOVERY AND MAINTENANCE ABRAHAM AREO DAVID AMENDE A. CHARLES & GAMBO ISA Department of Languages and Linguistics, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria ABSTRACT Several social mobilization dynamics which cause shift in language are becoming issues of growing concern for linguists who do not just study but also try to proffer solutions on how to maintain and save the languages. This calls for actions and reactions to language shift and maintenance around the world especially in Africa. This paper therefore tried to answer the following questions; what are the social reasons for language shift? Are there common social factors across these cases for their shift or did all these populations shift for different reasons? The identification of the various social networks that influence language shift in Gbagyi language using Paulstons social mobilization theory was employed in determining language shift, recovery and maintenance in Gbagyi. The paper traced the extent of social networks have greatly or overtly influenced the language negatively and positively. It shall also suggest ways on how the Gbagyi language can be maintained. The language planners and legalised language planners shall greatly benefit from this study. Introduction Language shift occurs more or less like structural where shift occurs gradually most often; being noticed only after the process is complete or has advanced. For a larger part of human existence, thenormal situation according to Millar (2007) was for everybody to routinely learn and use two or more different languages and most speakers of any language have a day-to-day dealings with the speakers of at least one or two languages, and possibly with a larger number of people.
    [Show full text]
  • Succession Under Esan Customary Law in Nigeria: Grounds for Disinheriting an Heir from Inheriting His Deceased Father’S Estate Under Esan Customary Law
    www.ijird.com August, 2018 Vol 7 Issue 8 ISSN 2278 – 0211 (Online) Succession Under Esan Customary Law in Nigeria: Grounds for Disinheriting an Heir from Inheriting His Deceased Father’s Estate under Esan Customary Law Paul Okhaide Itua Senior Lecturer, Department of Commercial and Industrial Law, Ambrose Alli University, Nigeria Abstract: In Nigeria, there are three main ethnic / tribal groups; these are Hausa - Fulani, Igbo and Yoruba. Apart from these major ethnic groups, there are about 371 (three hundred and seventy-one) other ethnic groups with diverse languages and phonological structures, which are some time noticeable even within the same socio cultural setting. Majority of these ethnic groups share a lot of historical and deep cultural relationship between them as evidence mostly in the application of customary law that regulate their private life on one hand and the relationship that exist between them on the other hand. Apart from these rules of customary law, the common law and statutory law equally plays a major role in the regulation of these relationships. Some time these rules of customary law are subjected to certain test as prescribed by the common law and the statute in other to determine their validity and applicability. These regulatory mechanisms, also apply to the people that constitute Esan ethnic group. They presently occupy Edo Central Senatorial District consisting of five local government areas in Edo State of Nigeria. Historically they share cultural relationship with the Edos in the area of customary law, however with some noticeable differences in its application in certain areas. One of such area is succession.
    [Show full text]
  • Combating Corruption in Nigeria: a Critical Appraisal of the Laws, Institutions, and the Political Will Osita Nnamani Ogbu
    Annual Survey of International & Comparative Law Volume 14 | Issue 1 Article 6 2008 Combating Corruption in Nigeria: A Critical Appraisal of the Laws, Institutions, and the Political Will Osita Nnamani Ogbu Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.law.ggu.edu/annlsurvey Part of the Other Law Commons Recommended Citation Ogbu, Osita Nnamani (2008) "Combating Corruption in Nigeria: A Critical Appraisal of the Laws, Institutions, and the Political Will," Annual Survey of International & Comparative Law: Vol. 14: Iss. 1, Article 6. Available at: http://digitalcommons.law.ggu.edu/annlsurvey/vol14/iss1/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Academic Journals at GGU Law Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Annual Survey of International & Comparative Law by an authorized administrator of GGU Law Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Ogbu: Combating Corruption in Nigeria COMBATING CORRUPTION IN NIGERIA: A CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF THE LAWS, INSTITUTIONS, AND THE POLITICAL WILL OSITA NNAMANI OGBU· I. INTRODUCTION Corruption is pervasive and widespread in Nigerian society. It has permeated all facets of life, and every segment of society is involved. In recent times, Nigeria has held the unenviable record of being considered one of the most corrupt countries among those surveyed I. The Political Bureau, set up under the Ibrahim Babangida regime, summed up the magnitude of corruption in Nigeria as follows: It [corruption] pervades all strata of the society. From the highest level of the political and business elites to the ordinary person in the village. Its multifarious manifestations include the inflation of government contracts in return for kickbacks; fraud and falsification of accounts in the public service; examination * Senior Lecturer, and Ag.
    [Show full text]
  • Chieftaincy and Security in Nigeria: the Role of Traditional Institutions
    Chieftaincy and Security in Nigeria Past, Present, and Future Edited by Abdalla Uba Adamu ii Chieftaincy and Security in Nigeria Past, Present, and Future Proceedings of the National Conference on Chieftaincy and Security in Nigeria. Organized by the Kano State Emirate Council to commemorate the 40th anniversary of His Royal Highness, the Emir of Kano, Alhaji Ado Bayero, CFR, LLD, as the Emir of Kano (October 1963-October 2003) H.R.H. Alhaji (Dr.) Ado Bayero, CFR, LLD 40th Anniversary (1383-1424 A.H., 1963-2003) Allah Ya Kara Jan Zamanin Sarki, Amin. iii Copyright Pages © ISBN © All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the editors. iv Contents A Brief Biography of the Emir of Kano..............................................................vi Editorial Note........................................................................................................i Preface...................................................................................................................i Opening Lead Papers Chieftaincy and Security in Nigeria: The Role of Traditional Institutions...........1 Lt. General Aliyu Mohammed (rtd), GCON Chieftaincy and Security in Nigeria: A Case Study of Sarkin Kano Alhaji Ado Bayero and the Kano Emirate Council...............................................................14 Dr. Ibrahim Tahir, M.A. (Cantab) PhD (Cantab)
    [Show full text]
  • Inequality and Development in Nigeria Inequality and Development in Nigeria
    INEQUALITY AND DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA INEQUALITY AND DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA Edited by Henry Bienen and V. P. Diejomaoh HOLMES & MEIER PUBLISHERS, INC' NEWv YORK 0 LONDON First published in the United States of America 1981 by Holmes & Meier Publishers, Inc. 30 Irving Place New York, N.Y. 10003 Great Britain: Holmes & Meier Publishers, Ltd. 131 Trafalgar Road Greenwich, London SE 10 9TX Copyright 0 1981 by Holmes & Meier Publishers, Inc. ALL RIGIITS RESERVIED LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING IN PUBLICATION DATA Political economy of income distribution in Nigeria. Selections. Inequality and development in Nigeria. "'Chapters... selected from The Political economy of income distribution in Nigeria."-Pref. Includes index. I. Income distribution-Nigeria-Addresses, essays, lectures. 2. Nigeria- Economic conditions- Addresses. essays, lectures. 3. Nigeria-Social conditions- Addresses, essays, lectures. I. Bienen. Henry. II. Die­ jomaoh. Victor P., 1940- III. Title. IV. Series. HC1055.Z91516 1981 339.2'09669 81-4145 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING IN PUBLICATION DATA ISBN 0-8419-0710-2 AACR2 MANUFACTURED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Contents Page Preface vii I. Introduction 2. Development in Nigeria: An Overview 17 Douglas Riummer 3. The Structure of Income Inequality in Nigeria: A Macro Analysis 77 V. P. Diejomaoli and E. C. Anusion wu 4. The Politics of Income Distribution: Institutions, Class, and Ethnicity 115 Henri' Bienen 5. Spatial Aspects of Urbanization and Effects on the Distribution of Income in Nigeria 161 Bola A veni 6. Aspects of Income Distribution in the Nigerian Urban Sector 193 Olufemi Fajana 7. Income Distribution in the Rural Sector 237 0. 0. Ladipo and A.
    [Show full text]
  • Senate Committee Report
    THE 7TH SENATE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA COMMITTEE ON THE REVIEW OF THE 1999 CONSTITUTION REPORT OF THE SENATE COMMITTEE ON THE REVIEW OF THE 1999 CONSTITUTION ON A BILL FOR AN ACT TO FURTHER ALTER THE PROVISIONS OF THE CONSTITUTION OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA 1999 AND FOR OTHER MATTERS CONNECTED THEREWITH, 2013 1.0 INTRODUCTION The Senate of the Federal Republic of Nigeria referred the following Constitution alterations bills to the Committee for further legislative action after the debate on their general principles and second reading passage: 1. Constitution (Alteration Bill) 2012 (SB.107), Second Reading – Wednesday 14th March, 2012 2. Constitution (Alteration Bill) 2012 (SB.136), Second Reading – Thursday, 14th October, 2012 3. Constitution (Alteration Bill) 2012 (SB.139), Second Reading – Thursday, 4th October, 2012 4. Constitution (Alteration Bill) 2012 (SB.158), Second Reading – Thursday, 4th October, 2012 5. Constitution (Alteration Bill) 2012 (SB.162), Second Reading – Thursday, 4th October, 2012 6. Constitution (Alteration Bill) 2012 (SB.168), Second Reading – Thursday 1 | P a g e 4th October, 2012 7. Constitution (Alteration Bill) 2012 (SB.226), Second Reading – 20th February, 2013 8. Ministerial (Nominees Bill), 2013 (SB.108), Second Reading – Wednesday, 13th March, 2013 1.1 MEMBERSHIP OF THE COMMITTEE 1. Sen. Ike Ekweremadu - Chairman 2. Sen. Victor Ndoma-Egba - Member 3. Sen. Bello Hayatu Gwarzo - “ 4. Sen. Uche Chukwumerije - “ 5. Sen. Abdul Ahmed Ningi - “ 6. Sen. Solomon Ganiyu - “ 7. Sen. George Akume - “ 8. Sen. Abu Ibrahim - “ 9. Sen. Ahmed Rufa’i Sani - “ 10. Sen. Ayoola H. Agboola - “ 11. Sen. Umaru Dahiru - “ 12. Sen. James E.
    [Show full text]
  • Towards a New Type of Regime in Sub-Saharan Africa?
    Towards a New Type of Regime in Sub-Saharan Africa? DEMOCRATIC TRANSITIONS BUT NO DEMOCRACY Marc-Antoine Pérouse de Montclos cahiers & conférences travaux & recherches les études The Institut français des relations internationales (Ifri) is a research center and a forum for debate on major international political and economic issues. Headed by Thierry de Montbrial since its founding in 1979, Ifri is a non-governmental and a non- profit organization. As an independent think tank, Ifri sets its own research agenda, publishing its findings regularly for a global audience. Using an interdisciplinary approach, Ifri brings together political and economic decision-makers, researchers and internationally renowned experts to animate its debate and research activities. With offices in Paris and Brussels, Ifri stands out as one of the rare French think tanks to have positioned itself at the very heart of European debate. The opinions expressed in this text are the responsibility of the author alone. The Sub-Saharian Africa Program is supported by: Translated by: Henry Kenrick, in collaboration with the author © Droits exclusivement réservés – Ifri – Paris, 2010 ISBN: 978-2-86592-709-8 Ifri Ifri-Bruxelles 27 rue de la Procession Rue Marie-Thérèse, 21 75740 Paris Cedex 15 – France 1000 Bruxelles – Belgique Tél. : +33 (0)1 40 61 60 00 Tél. : +32 (0)2 238 51 10 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Internet Website : Ifri.org Summary Sub-Saharan African hopes of democratization raised by the end of the Cold War and the decline in the number of single party states are giving way to disillusionment.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Economic Origins of Constraints on Women's Sexuality
    On the Economic Origins of Constraints on Women’s Sexuality Anke Becker* November 5, 2018 Abstract This paper studies the economic origins of customs aimed at constraining female sexuality, such as a particularly invasive form of female genital cutting, restrictions on women’s mobility, and norms about female sexual behavior. The analysis tests the anthropological theory that a particular form of pre-industrial economic pro- duction – subsisting on pastoralism – favored the adoption of such customs. Pas- toralism was characterized by heightened paternity uncertainty due to frequent and often extended periods of male absence from the settlement, implying larger payoffs to imposing constraints on women’s sexuality. Using within-country vari- ation across 500,000 women in 34 countries, the paper shows that women from historically more pastoral societies (i) are significantly more likely to have under- gone infibulation, the most invasive form of female genital cutting; (ii) are more restricted in their mobility, and hold more tolerant views towards domestic vio- lence as a sanctioning device for ignoring such constraints; and (iii) adhere to more restrictive norms about virginity and promiscuity. Instrumental variable es- timations that make use of the ecological determinants of pastoralism support a causal interpretation of the results. The paper further shows that the mechanism behind these patterns is indeed male absenteeism, rather than male dominance per se. JEL classification: I15, N30, Z13 Keywords: Infibulation; female sexuality; paternity uncertainty; cultural persistence. *Harvard University, Department of Economics and Department of Human Evolutionary Biology; [email protected]. 1 Introduction Customs, norms, and attitudes regarding the appropriate behavior and role of women in soci- ety vary widely across societies and individuals.
    [Show full text]
  • First Election Security Threat Assessment
    SECURITY THREAT ASSESSMENT: TOWARDS 2015 ELECTIONS January – June 2013 edition With Support from the MacArthur Foundation Table of Contents I. Executive Summary II. Security Threat Assessment for North Central III. Security Threat Assessment for North East IV. Security Threat Assessment for North West V. Security Threat Assessment for South East VI. Security Threat Assessment for South South VII. Security Threat Assessment for South West Executive Summary Political Context The merger between the Action Congress of Nigeria (ACN), Congress for Progressive Change (CPC), All Nigerian Peoples Party (ANPP) and other smaller parties, has provided an opportunity for opposition parties to align and challenge the dominance of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP). This however will also provide the backdrop for a keenly contested election in 2015. The zoning arrangement for the presidency is also a key issue that will define the face of the 2015 elections and possible security consequences. Across the six geopolitical zones, other factors will define the elections. These include the persisting state of insecurity from the insurgency and activities of militants and vigilante groups, the high stakes of election as a result of the availability of derivation revenues, the ethnic heterogeneity that makes elite consensus more difficult to attain, as well as the difficult environmental terrain that makes policing of elections a herculean task. Preparations for the Elections The political temperature across the country is heating up in preparation for the 2015 elections. While some state governors are up for re-election, most others are serving out their second terms. The implication is that most of the states are open for grab by either of the major parties and will therefore make the electoral contest fiercer in 2015 both within the political parties and in the general election.
    [Show full text]
  • Admitted 02 05 2021
    UNIVERSITY OF MAIDUGURI (Office of the Registrar) UTME ADMISSION 2020/2021 SESSION COLLEGE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES FACULTY OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES MEDICINE AND SURGERY S/No REG No. NAME SEX COURSE 1 22183327EF ALIYU ADAMU MUSTAPHA M MBBS 2 21869820IA ISHAKU JEREMIAH NAGA M MBBS 3 22308067CA BUKAR ABDULHAKIM ALHAJI M MBBS 4 21972433BF FADAIRO IFEOLUWA MOSES M MBBS 5 20334581IF HABUTALIB SAIDU M MBBS 6 21907127DA AYUBA IBRAHIM HAMMAN M MBBS 7 22264216BF JAMES JACOB M MBBS 8 22173432CF LAWAN ABUBAKAR BANJABA M MBBS 9 21818672IA MUSA SULEIMAN ABDULLAHI M MBBS 10 20712900DF ANAMJA ALPHA GADZAMA M MBBS 11 20275771BF ABWA LAWRENCE TERVER M MBBS 12 20351415IF DANIEL ELIJAH M MBBS 13 21169457AF EZE FORTUNE CHUKWUMA M MBBS 14 22158006BF TERYILA HILARY AONDONA M MBBS 15 20819736EA MUHAMMAD AISHA GUDUF F MBBS 16 20334435FF SANUSI MONTARI BATO M MBBS 17 20336492DA EKE KENNETH ANTHONY M MBBS 18 20343071AF MOMOH JOSHUA D M MBBS 19 20334925HF USMAN ABDULSALAM MUHAMMAD M MBBS 20 22183342GF IBRAHIM HARUNA BABALE M MBBS 21 21754608GA ISMAIL AISHAT OJOBALARO F MBBS 22 22165363JA JOHN JETHRO JELLA M MBBS 23 21996113IA MUHAMMAD SANI M MBBS 24 20648452DF NNAJI CYPRAIN CHIEMERIE M MBBS 1 25 20350933CF AKILU HABIB KINGING M MBBS 26 20306188CF AKINNUSOYE OLAYINKA VICTOR M MBBS 27 21763279CF BILYAMINU ABUBAKAR M MBBS 28 21863022GA OLATUNDE YINKA DOTUN M MBBS 29 22173452CA IBRAHIM MUHAMMAD MUHAMMAD M MBBS 30 20333441IF MUHAMMAD YAKUBU AMUDA M MBBS 31 20990274HA ABUBAKAR DANIEL BADE M MBBS 32 22260227BA GREAT OKWUMA M MBBS 33 21337249IF OLUWADIYA MERCY INIOLUWA F MBBS
    [Show full text]
  • NIGERIA | Attacks Kill 22
    7.13.2020 NIGERIA | Attacks Kill 22 At least 22 people were killed and an unknown number injured and displaced in a series of attacks between July 10 and 12 by armed assailants of Fulani ethnicity on remote communities in southern Kaduna state. The attacks occurred despite a substantial security presence in the area and a 24-hour curfew that has been in place since the murder of a church leader’s son on June 10. On July 10, nine people were killed and many more were injured during an attack on the Chibwob community in Gora Ward, Zangon Kataf Local Government Area (LGA) in the Atyap Chiefdom, which occurred at 1.30 a.m. Most of the victims were women and children. The assailants also burned down over 20 homes, several motorcycles, and a car. They destroyed farms, stole livestock, and looted property and food stocks. On July 11, armed Fulani assailants attacked several settlements close to Chibwob, including the Kigudu community on the boundary between Zangon Kataf and Kauru LGAs, where 10 women, one infant and an elderly man were burned to death inside a house in which they had taken refuge. On July 12, the militia launched a morning attack on Ungwan Audu village in the Gora Ward of Zangon Kataf LGA, killing one person and looting the entire village before burning it down entirely. The weekend’s violence displaced 163 households, consisting of 1,013 people and including 11 pregnant women. They are currently sheltering in an emergency camp at an Evangelical Church Winning All (ECWA) educational facility in Zangon Kataf LGA.
    [Show full text]
  • 2016 Approved Capital Budget (EHOA)
    EDO STATEYEAR OF2016NIGERIA APPROVED BUDGET ESTIMATES TABLE OF CONTENT ♣ Budget Summary ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….3 ♣ Summary and Details of Revenue ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….4-60 ♣ Recurrent Expenditure (Personnel and Overhead Costs) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….61-68 ♣ Consolidated Revenue Funds Charges ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….69 ♣ Capital Budget 70 • Summary ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….71-73 • Agriculture ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….74-75 • Fisheries ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….76 • Livestock ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….76 • Arts, Culture & Tourism ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….77 • Commerce & Industry ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….78 • Ministry of Education ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….79-80 • Ministry of Basic Education ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….81 • Energy (Rural Electrification) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….82-83 • Water Resources ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….84-85 • Drainage & Sewage/Environmental Protection ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….86 • Forestry ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….87 • Health ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….88-90 • Information & Orientation ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….91 • Lands &Surveys ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….92 • Housing and Urban Planning ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….93-94 • Edo State Development
    [Show full text]