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The Bat Fauna (Mammalia: Chiroptera) of the United Arab Emirates: a Review of Published Records and Museum Specimens with Conservation Notes

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The Bat Fauna (Mammalia: Chiroptera) of the United Arab Emirates: a Review of Published Records and Museum Specimens with Conservation Notes OPEN ACCESS The Journal of Threatened Taxa is dedicated to building evidence for conservaton globally by publishing peer-reviewed artcles online every month at a reasonably rapid rate at www.threatenedtaxa.org. All artcles published in JoTT are registered under Creatve Commons Atributon 4.0 Internatonal License unless otherwise mentoned. JoTT allows unrestricted use of artcles in any medium, reproducton, and distributon by providing adequate credit to the authors and the source of publicaton. Journal of Threatened Taxa Building evidence for conservaton globally www.threatenedtaxa.org ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) Communication The bat fauna (Mammalia: Chiroptera) of the United Arab Emirates: a review of published records and museum specimens with conservation notes J. Judas, Gabor Csorba & Petr Benda 26 March 2018 | Vol. 10 | No. 3 | Pages: 11379-11390 10.11609/jott.3096.10.3.11379-11390 For Focus, Scope, Aims, Policies and Guidelines visit htp://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/editorialPolicies#custom-0 For Artcle Submission Guidelines visit htp://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/submissions#onlineSubmissions For Policies against Scientfc Misconduct visit htp://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/editorialPolicies#custom-2 For reprints contact <[email protected]> Threatened Taxa Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 March 2018 | 10(3): 11379–11390 The bat fauna (Mammalia: Chiroptera) of the United Arab Emirates: a review of published records and museum Communication specimens with conservation notes ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) J. Judas 1, Gabor Csorba 2 & Petr Benda 3 OPEN ACCESS 1 EWS-WWF, P.O. Box 454891, Dubai, United Arab Emirates 2 Hungarian Natural History Museum, H-1088 Budapest, Baross u. 13, Hungary 3 Department of Zoology, Natonal Museum (Natural History), Václavské nám. 68, 115 79 Praha 1 & Department of Zoology, Charles University, Viničná 7, 128 44 Praha 2, Czech Republic 1 [email protected] (corresponding author), 2 [email protected], 3 [email protected] Abstract: The bat fauna of United Arab Emirates (UAE) has so far received very litle atenton. This paper presents a review of published records and voucher specimens in museum collectons. We reviewed 39 references and identfed 116 records concerning nine species belonging to fve families. Fifeen of these records menton 71 specimens of six species in collectons. Distributon maps of known locatons are provided for each species. Most records (70%) date back more than 10 years and two species have not been recorded for more than 40 years. Based on the bat fauna of Oman, a more thoroughly investgated neighbouring country, the presence of at least nine other, stll unrecorded, species is expected. The status of bats in UAE and their conservaton concerns are discussed. We encourage further feld studies of the bat fauna of UAE. Keywords: Distributon, literature review, museum specimens, UAE. DOI: htp://doi.org/10.11609/jot.3096.10.3.11379-11390 | ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:4394B1A0-3760-4577-A609-2C8636FBD8EA Editor: Paul Racey, University of Exeter, UK. Date of publicaton: 26 March 2018 (online & print) Manuscript details: Ms # 3096 | Received 18 October 2016 | Final received 02 February 2018 | Finally accepted 08 March 2018 Citaton: Judas, J., G. Csorba & P. Benda (2018). The bat fauna (Mammalia: Chiroptera) of the United Arab Emirates: a review of published records and museum specimens with conservaton notes. Journal of Threatened Taxa 10(3): 11379–11390; htp://doi.org/10.11609/jot.3096.10.3.11379-11390 Copyright: © Judas et al. 2018. Creatve Commons Atributon 4.0 Internatonal License. JoTT allows unrestricted use of this artcle in any medium, reproducton and distributon by providing adequate credit to the authors and the source of publicaton. Funding: The Mohammed bin Zayed Species Conservaton Fund (grant project 162513649) Competng interests: The authors declare no competng interests. Author Details: Jacky Judas, Manager & Scientfc Advisor - Terrestrial Biodiversity , Emirates Wildlife Society - World Wide Fund for Nature (EWS-WWF), Dubai, UAE. Gabor Csorba, Deputy General Director, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary. Petr Benda, Research Curator, Department of Zoology, Natonal Museum , Prague, Czech Republic. Author Contributon: JJ: data collecton, analysis, writng and mapping. GC: data collecton, writng. PB: advices, reviews and correctons. Acknowledgements: The authors are much grateful to the two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and to the Mohammed bin Zayed Species Conservaton Fund, for providing funding that help initatng further bats research in the UAE. 11379 Bat fauna of UAE Judas et al. INTRODUCTION provided by authors. Species distributons were mapped, distnguishing locatons already considered by Rare are the reports of naturalists’ observatons Harrison & Bates (1991) from newer locatons, collected and wildlife records in the United Arab Emirates before in the last 25 years (Fig. 1.). The main natural history the 1950s. Only a few foreign early travellers took museums holding a bat collecton have been approached note of the most notceable fauna and fora species or to inquire about their possession of specimens from initated some wildlife specimen collecton (Thomas UAE. Voucher specimens collected from UAE are 1932; Thesiger 1959). Only in the mid 20th century, the preserved or deposited in the Harrison Insttute (HZM) fauna of the territory that would become the United - Sevenoaks, United Kingdom; Natural History Museum Arab Emirates in 1971, began to receive atenton from (BMNH) - London, United Kingdom; Zoologisches foreign expatriates or visitors. Bats were no excepton, Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig (ZFMK) - Bonn, but even today, have stll received very litle atenton, Germany; Hungarian Natural History Museum (HNHM) presumably in relaton to their cryptc life, difcultes - Budapest, Hungary. References of museum specimens of feld investgatons, and the apparent low species were obtained from literature (Harrison 1964; Harrison diversity and abundance compared to other parts of & Bates 1991; van Cakenberghe & de Vree 1994) or the world. Most knowledge on bat species diversity communicated by the HNHM. comes from the surveys conducted by David Harrison in The taxonomic nomenclature used follows Wilson 1953–1955 and 1975 (Harrison & Bates 1991; Harrison & Reeder (2005) with the excepton of Rhyneptesicus 1955). Only few additonal records have been published nasutus afer the revision of Juste et al. (2012). in the following decades and only the Partcolored Bat Vespertlio murinus has been lately added to the species list of bat fauna established by Harrison (Monadjem et RESULTS al. 2016). Despite growing concern for environmental The review of published observatons and specimens conservaton in natonal insttutons, the consequences in collectons allowed the identfcaton of 116 records of economic development on wildlife populatons are concerning nine species (Table 1). Of these, 60 stll either not recognized or under-estmated. Field (51%) were original records; all others being quotes surveys data, well-designed long-term populaton or repettons of previously published records. For monitoring programmes and a centralized biodiversity example, six publicatons mentoning the presence database at the country scale are stll largely defcient. of Triaenops persicus in UAE (Harrison & Bates 1991; Given the data scarcity on the bat fauna of UAE, their Duckworth 1996; Aspinall et al. 2005; Drew et al. 2005; populaton status and trends, how they are impacted AGEDI 2008; Tourenq et al. 2009), cite the same single by environmental changes is unknown. Bat species original record represented by eight voucher specimens diversity might even be greater than currently assessed. (Harrison 1955). Among the 117 records, 15 referred to 71 specimens of six species that are kept in museum collectons. Of the 60 original records, 42 (70%) dated MATERIAL AND METHODS more than 10 years back with an average of 7.5±6.7 records per 10 years (n=8) since the 1940s. This review We reviewed museum specimens and published brings an additon of 43 new records (Table 1) to the records (including journals, artcles, books and internet synthesis published by Harrison & Bates (1991). pages) to collect species occurrences, map distributons, highlight the gap in data, and stmulate further feld List of species investgatons in order to beter assess the conservaton Egyptan Rousete Rousetus aegyptacus status of the species concerned. We considered as a (E. Geofroy, 1810) record every menton of a species per site. Informaton A total of 13 original records of the Egyptan Fruit Bat on the sites and period of collecton of museum (Image 1) in UAE have been published. Except for two specimens was also included in counts of record: a sightngs in Abu Dhabi City in 1998, all other records are site of collecton during the period of survey or study, from the broad border or in the Hajar Mountains on the as indicated in the literature, was counted as a single eastern part of the country. In these locatons, Egyptan record for each species. All records were geo-referenced Fruit Bats are recorded in gardens, orchards or other with as much precision as allowed by the informaton plantatons, that they frequent for feeding, like in Al Ain, 11380 Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 March 2018 | 10(3): 11379–11390 Bat fauna of UAE Judas et al. Figure 1. Distributon map of bats known from the United Arab Emirates Table 1. Summary of number of literature records, locatons and independent records per decades per species Literature Species Locatons Independent records records Before 1990 1990–1999 2000–2009 Afer 2010 All years Rousetus aegyptacus 14 13 1 6 4 2 13 Rhinopoma 27 14 1 5 4 5 15 muscatellum Asellia tridens 13 3 2 1 3 Triaenops persicus 6 1 1 1 Taphozous nudiventris 14 5 4 1 5 Vespertlio murinus 1 1 1 1 Rhyneptesicus nasutus 12 6 1 2 2 2 7 Pipistrellus kuhlii 25 13 4 3 5 2 14 Otonycteris hemprichii 4 1 1 1 116 57 60 but beneft from the vicinity of the mountains, where Palace Nursery, 20 November 1998: one individual they can shelter in caves or rock clefs.
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