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French Rococo Ébénisterie in the J. Paul Getty Museum

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French Rococo Ébénisterie in the J. Paul Getty Museum French Rococo Ébénisterie in the J. Paul Getty Museum French Rococo Ébénisterie in the J. Paul Getty Museum Gillian Wilson and Arlen Heginbotham Edited and with an introduction by Anne-Lise Desmas with Jessica Chasen, Yannick Chastang, Jan Dorscheid, Clara von Englehardt, Philippe Halbert, Katrina Posner, Michael Schilling, and Ron Schmidtling J. PAUL GETTY MUSEUM, LOS ANGELES This publication was created using Quire™, a multiformat Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data publishing tool from Getty. Names: J. Paul Getty Museum, author, issuing body. | Desmas, Anne-Lise, editor, writer of introduction. | Chasen, Jessica, The free online edition of this publication is available at getty.edu contributor. /publications/rococo/ and includes zoomable high-resolution Title: French Rococo ébénisterie in the J. Paul Getty Museum / photography. Also available are free PDF, EPUB, and Kindle/MOBI Gillian Wilson and Arlen Heginbotham ; edited and with an downloads of the book, and JPG downloads of the main catalogue introduction by Anne-Lise Desmas ; with Jessica Chasen, Yannick images. Chastang, Jan Dorscheid, Clara von Englehardt, Philippe Halbert, © 2021 J. Paul Getty Trust Katrina Posner, Michael Schilling, and Ron Schmidtling Description: First edition. | Los Angeles : J. Paul Getty Museum, 2021. | Includes bibliographical references. | Summary: “Catalogue of the Rococo ébénisterie furniture in the collection Unless otherwise indicated, the text and images of this work are of the J. Paul Getty Museum”— Provided by publisher. licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial Identifiers: LCCN 2020036837 (print) | LCCN 2020036838 (ebook) | 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit ISBN 9781606066300 (paperback) | ISBN 9781606066324 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. Figs. 1, 2, 3, 1-6, 2-6, (ebook) | ISBN 9781606066317 2-11, 3-6, 3-16, 4-3, 4-8, 5-3, 5-11, 6-3, 6-4, 7-4, 7-5, 7-6, 8-8, 9-8, 10-5, Subjects: LCSH: J. Paul Getty Museum—Catalogs. | Furniture— 10-6, 10-8, 11-2, 11-3, 12-3, 14-3, 14-10, 14-11, 15-5, 15-6, 16-3, 16-4, France—History—18th century—Catalogs. | Cabinetwork— 16-9, 17-1, 17-2, 18-6, 18-9, 19-4, 19-5, 21-3, and 21-4 are reproduced France—History—18th century—Catalogs. | Furniture, Rococo— with the permission of the rights holders acknowledged in captions France—Catalogs. | Furniture—California—Los Angeles— and are expressly excluded from the CC BY-NC license covering the Catalogs. rest of this publication. These images may not be reproduced, Classification: LCC NK2548 .J285 2021 (print) | LCC NK2548 (ebook) copied, transmitted, or manipulated without consent from the | DDC 749.0944/09033—dc23 owners, who reserve all rights. LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020036837 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020036838 First edition, 2021 github.com/thegetty/rococo/ Front cover: Detail of cat. no. 16 Back cover: Cat. no. 11 Published by the J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Getty Publications 1200 Getty Center Drive, Suite 500 Los Angeles, California 90049-1682 getty.edu/publications Tevvy Ball and Rachel Barth, Project Editors Greg Albers, Digital Manager Catherine Lorenz, Cover Designer Victoria Gallina, Production Kelly Peyton, Image and Rights Acquisition Erin Cecele Dunigan and Victoria Barry, Digital Assistants Distributed in the United States and Canada by the University of Chicago Press Distributed outside the United States and Canada by Yale University Press, London Contents Director’s Foreword Timothy Potts . vi Glossary of Woods Used in French Furniture from the J. Paul Getty Museum Collection . viii Contributors . x Introduction: Acquisitions History of the Rococo Ébénisterie Collection Anne-Lise Desmas . 1 The Analysis of East Asian and European Lacquer Surfaces on Rococo Furniture Jessica Chasen, Arlen Heginbotham, and Michael Schilling . 9 Technical Note: The Use of X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF) in the Technical Study of Gilt Bronze Mounts in This Catalogue Arlen Heginbotham . 17 Catalogue . 21 Bibliography . 297 Director’s Foreword The Getty Museum’s collection of seventeenth- and eighteenth-century French decorative arts enjoys international renown for its exceptional quality and the prestigious provenance of many of its objects. Nourishing a sincere passion for French decorative arts, the museum’s founder, J. Paul Getty, collected actively in this area from the late 1930s to his death in 1976. Gillian Wilson, whom Mr. Getty hired as the Museum’s decorative arts curator in 1971, actively advised him in this endeavor, carrying his vision forward as she expanded and enriched the collection until her retirement in 2003. This publication continues a distinguished series of books presenting the Getty’s decorative arts holdings, which began with the 1977 summary catalogue of the collection (with two updated editions in 1993 and 2001). Several subsequent publications explored specific categories: Vincennes and Sèvres porcelain in 1991, clocks in 1996, tapestries and textiles in 1997, mounted Asian porcelain in 1999, and the magisterial French Furniture and Gilt Bronzes, Baroque and Régence: Catalogue of the J. Paul Getty Museum Collection by Gillian Wilson in 2008. The present publication on Rococo ébénisterie furniture (dating from the mid-1730s to about 1760) serves as a companion to the latter volume. Reflecting the increasing importance of digital access, it is the first catalogue of the Getty decorative arts collection to be published online, with a parallel print-on-demand option. We hope that this format will reach a broader audience and, through its enhanced features, facilitate exploration of these wonderful works of art. The catalogue entries provide a thorough analysis of all twenty-eight pieces of Rococo ébénisterie furniture at the Getty, including their history of collecting across three centuries, from the patrons who bought or commissioned the works to their acquisition by Mr. Getty or the Museum; changing patterns of taste for refined materials such as Japanese lacquer or a preference for a certain shape or ornamental style; and the evolution in techniques of manufacture and the attempts of imitators to copy them. The introductory essays explore the formation of the ébénisterie collection as well as the technical study of the lacquer panels and gilt bronze mounts that are integral parts of most of the objects. A number of surprising, and often hidden, aspects of these intricately crafted objects have been revealed through this work, from complex lock systems to secret compartments and carefully matched patterns of wood grain—testaments all to the extraordinary sophistication and skill of their makers. vi Sadly, French Rococo Ébénisterie in the J. Paul Getty Museum is a watershed publication also for being the last—and unexpectedly posthumous—that will appear by curator emerita Gillian Wilson. Gillian, who devoted nearly her entire career to the Getty Museum, was the driving force not only in the growth of the collection but also in conceiving its display, first at the Getty Villa in Malibu, inaugurated in 1974, and then at the Getty Center in Brentwood, for its opening in 1997. Throughout her career, Gillian studied the collections assiduously, publishing the European clocks and the mounted Asian porcelain, and overseeing the publications by other Getty curators of the Vincennes and Sèvres porcelain, and the tapestries and textiles. After her retirement in 2003, Gillian continued her research unabated, producing both French Furniture and Gilt Bronzes for the Baroque and Régence periods (2008) and finally this volume. Though these publications are the last to appear in print, furniture was Gillian’s first love and abiding passion. I extend special thanks to Anne-Lise Desmas, the Getty’s senior curator of sculpture and decorative arts, for seeing the manuscript through to publication, and to all the Getty colleagues who ensured that work on this project continued while Gillian’s health was declining and after her passing in November 2019. It is our honor to dedicate this volume to her memory. Timothy Potts Director J. Paul Getty Museum Director’s Foreword vii Glossary of Woods Used in French Furniture from the J. Paul Getty Museum Collection In the list of materials at the beginning of each entry, woods that are marked with an asterisk have been identified by microscopic examination of their cellular anatomy. These identifications have been made by Bruce Hoadley of the University of Massachusetts at Amherst or Arlen Heginbotham of the Getty Museum. Woods without an asterisk have been tentatively identified based on their macroscopic appearance. ENGLISH LATIN FRENCH alder Alnus spp. aulne amaranth (purpleheart) Peltogyne spp. amarante Andaman padauk Pterocarpus dalbergioides padauk d’Andaman ash Fraxinus spp. frêne barberry Berberis spp. épine-vinette bloodwood (satiné) Brosimum rubescens satiné boxwood Buxus sempervirens buis cedar Cedrus spp. cèdre cherry Prunus spp. merisier or cerisier ebony Diospyros spp. ébène ferréol (wamara)† Swartzia sp. ferréol fir Abies spp. sapin fruitwood family Rosaceae tribu du pommier holly Ilex aquifolium houx viii ENGLISH LATIN FRENCH hornbeam Carpinus betulus charme Japanese arborvitae Thuja standishii thuya du Japon juniper Juniperus spp. genévrier kingwood Dalbergia cearensis bois de violette Macedonian pine Pinus peuce pin de Macédoine mahogany Swietenia spp. acajou maple Acer spp. érable oak Quercus spp. chêne padauk Pterocarpus spp. padouk or corail pear Pyrus spp. poirier
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