May 16, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16019

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS RECOGNITION OF MUSICAL TALENT Vollstedt, Tim, second tenor, Bloom your satisfaction because of your general lack ington, Ill. of complete knowledge of tlie rules. However, Walston, Rick, second tenor, Wood you can easily determine if the official makes his calls with conviction, if he is on top of HON. EDWARD R. MADIGAN River, Ill. the play, are his calls generally accepted by OF ILLINOIS Wells, Steve, bass, Lexington, Ky. all concerned, does he keep his cool? This IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES White, Steve, second tenor, Danville, plus your general knowledge should provide Wednesday, May 16, 1973 Ill. you with sufficient confidence to make a fair Woods, David, first tenor, Albion, Ill. evaluation of this point. Mr. MADIGAN. Mr. Speaker, earlier You should know that in addition to his this week I had the opportunity to hear conditioning program the official is required the Master's Men, the male glee club of SALUTE TO BASKETBALL OFFICIALS to attend weekly meetings to study the rules and mechanics of officiating. To many Lincoln Christian College, perform on the this is a review, but always there are changes Capitol steps. This group also shared HON. JIM WRIGHT that take place each year and he must not their beautiful music with the Senate in only learn the changes but must be able to the rotunda of the Russell Senate Office OF TEXAS apply them to his work on the floor. Also, he Building. 1 IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES is required to attend conference clinics, take This chorus, specializing in sacred Wednesday, May 16, 1973 national rules examinations and carefully music, is made up of young men from all study Bulletins that are sent to him peri­ over the United States who are training Mr. WRIGHT. Mr. Speaker, more and odically by his supervisor. more sports and athletic events occupy To further assist him in his development for some phase of the ministry at Lincoln to reach and maintain his maximum poten­ Christian College and Seminary, Lin­ our leisure time. One little-known aspect of such activities is the art of officiating. tial he is frequently observed by his super­ coln, Ill. visor and offered constructive suggestions for It is refreshing to meet such a fine With the basketball season just being his general and specific improvement. group of young men, and after hearing completed it might be fitting to take cog­ Are you convinced that the official is in them, it is understandable why this out­ nizance of the role played by these men the best possible position to see the play, standing group directed by Mr. K. David in the striped shirts in a game invented every time he makes a call? Does he move and primarily performed in the United each time the ball is passed or shot to ob­ Hargrove is in such demand throughout tain a better angle on the play? Does he the Midwestern United States. States. Recently, the assistant to the commis­ make an honest attempt to stay ahead of the I would like to insert in the RECORD the ball? Does he loaf coming up the floor and names of this group and their hometowns sioner of the Southern Conference, J. does he allow the game to lag while he ad­ so that my colleagues might be aware of Dallas Shirley, a resident of the Greater ministers a free throw or out of bounds play? the fine work that these outstanding Washington, D.C. area, authored an arti­ Does he signal clearly his calls following young men are doing. cle on what a spectator should look for each time he blows the whistle, so that all in a good basketball official and how to in the gymnasium know exactly wha.t he Abegglen, Jim, second tenor, Olney, Ill. has called? These are a few of the questions Adams, Tim, bass, Lexington, Ky. tell one from another. The following is Mr. Shirley's article: you have to ask yourself as you try to answer Allen, Sky, second tenor, Whiting, Ind. the question is he doing a good job. Baker, Bill, baritone, Waukegon, Ill. WHAT Is A GOOD BASKETBALL OFFICIAL? To determine this side of the officiai 's Bender, Bob, baritone, Browns, Ill. How CAN I TELL? work, you must know there is an area of offi­ Blankenship, Jim, first tenor, Green- (By J. Dallas Shirley) ciating which is very important to the offi­ ville, Ill. Quite often the average basketball fan, cial known as mechanics. Proper use of the filled with enthusiasm and love of the game, prescribed mechanics determines whether Bradburn, Ken, baritone, LaPorte, Ind. tries to honestly be objective and asks him­ the officials work as a team or as two indi­ Burberry, Mac, second tenor, Lexing­ self, "How can I tell if the official is a good viduals on the floor. To have a game covered ton, Ky. one or not?" properly, all ten players and the bench r.:mst Cheatham, Roger, second tenor, Whea- Certainly it is agreed that you cannot fol­ be under constant supervision and this re­ ton, Ill. low the advice given in the poem printed be­ quires both men to work as a team for the Densmore, Jim, technician, Albion, Ill. low, for more than God can referee. full length of the game. The Collegiate Com­ Eagles, Jerry, first tenor, Tulsa, Okla. Many spectators who come to games are not missioners Association and the High School Ellis, David, bass, Highland, Ind. and cannot be objective in their evaluation of Federation yearly publish a Manual of Offi­ the man in the striped shirt for :they are ciating which is a Bible to all qualified offi­ Flick, Shockley, bass, Portage, Ind. prejudiced, biased, 111-informed and think cials. Every time you see an official move, Gallagher, Mark, bass, Indianapolis, only those calls that are made in favor of his give a signal or administer an infraction he is Ind. team are correct. following a very definite and specific directive Gaston, Mike, bass, Windsor, Ill. In an attempt to be of service to the spec­ in performing this responsibility. Harbin, Mike, first tenor, Atlanta, Ga. tator who really wants to determine if the It may be of further help to you if you Harney, Larry, first tenor, Lexington, man with the whistle is competent, I should were aware and kept in mind the philosophy Ky. like to present a few yardsticks he may use of officiating which covers only three points, Henwood, Ron, second tenor, Rossville, in trying to arrive at a fair and honest but three very important points. As each act answer. is committed on the floor the official must In­ Ill. To begin with we must recognize that first stantly determine in his mind, based upon Holland, Bruce, second tenor, Rittman, impressions are all too often lasting impres­ years of experience: Ohio. sions and this is not always fair. As the 1. Did the player gain an advantage as a Holland, Mike, bass, Rittman, Ohio. official walks on the floor he immediately result of his illegal act? James, Mark, percussion, Potomac, Ill. starts selling himself to you. You look at 2. Was his opponent placed at a disadvan­ Jones, Mark, baritone/accompanist, his general appearance, judging, if he is neat tage as a result of the illegal act? Omaha, Nebr. and in good physical condition, if he is over­ 3. Will the game get rough and out of ~an­ weight or carrying a spare tire around his tral if this type of action is not penalized McFadden, Matt, technician, Lexing­ mid-section. promptly? ton, Ky. Like you, the official is very conscious of If the answer to any of the above is in the McGilliard, Dale, baritone, Browns­ his appearance and condition. In fact two affirmative the official must sound his whistle burg, Ind. or more months prior to the opening of the at once and act accordingly within the frame Mead, Andy, baritone, Downs, Ill. season he starts working out regularly to get work of the rules. Please remember the man Peters, Eric, first tenor, Indianapolis, in tip-top shape and be ready to run ap­ in the Striped Shirt must act at once, he Ind. proximately four miles per game, staying has no chance to review his decision, nor Ritter, Jay, baritone, Rossville, Ill. with young students who have little to do does he have instant replays at his command, but attend school, practice and play the nor can he stop and reflect, his must be an Ross, George, baritone, Palmyra, Ill. game. instant decision. If not he will not sound his Shepherd, Gene, baritone, Albion, Ill. Next you must determine, in your own whistle and the game will continue. This is Van Meter, Rick, baritone/accompa- mind, if he knows the rules. Now it is quite the area of judgment which makes basketball nist, Springfield, Ill. possible that you cannot judge this area to the most difficult of all sports to officiate. CXIX--1012-Part 13 16020 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 16, 1973 In conclusion it may be of assistance in Movement (AIM) have criminal charges to bronze plaque. The 7-by-4-foot hand­ your evaluation to know the "Ten Don'ts For contend with, and we assume that the prose­ crafted bas relief bronze plaque is the Officiating." For every violation of the be­ cution will not be lax. But many participants first of its kind to be cast anywhere. low, plus what has been described above, a in this violent drama apparently escaped, point may be deducted from the oflicial's filtering out across the plains at night, and The bronze plaque is permanently at­ score. It will be. surprising to fair minded taking with them much of the automatic tached to a 9%-ton pillar of granite 9 spectators just how high each oflicial will weaponry that was used to challenge legal feet tall quarried from world famous rate. authority. Federal oflicials also had precious Rock of Ages quarry. The special block The Ten Don'ts For Officiating little to show, in the way of surrendered of granite weighed approximately 40 tons 1. Don't take your eyes off the play armaments, when they took the village last when lifted from a depth of 350 feet from 2. Don't take anything for granted week. the quarry. 3. Don't explain your decisions So the question arises, is this the end of A 250-pound solid bronze bald eagle 4. Don't argue with players, coaches or it? Wlll some of the missing insurgents, and perhaps other Indian radicals, appear else­ with a wingspread of 31 inches mounted managers on top gives the monument an overall 5. Don't talk to spectators where to stage another armed confrontation, 6. Don't look for trouble making the same preposterous demands? If height of 12 feet. 7. Don't make decisions for your part ner that should happen, we trust that federal Principal speakers at the dedication 8. Don't work without proper equipment authorities will profit from their frustrating and memorial service were Congressman 9. Don't hold idle conversation wit h players and demeaning experience at Wounded Knee. DONALD W. RIEGLE, JR., and Justice Mary 10. Don't stand on a time Only when the enclave was effectively sealed Coleman, Michigan State Supreme Court. off from supplies did the long negotiations Really now, you do agree, that the poem is produce a surrender. This tactic, and possi­ l\iany other dignitaries attended and not true. bly more severe measures, should have been wreaths were placed in memory of employed weeks earlier. policemen who have died in line of duty. REFEREES Anyway, the country can be thankful that A background figure carved on the this dangerous engagement is over. Perhaps plaque of a police officer bending to a I think that I shall never see the arrest of the more provocative AIM lead­ A satisfactory referee, distraught child, with the words "He ers will have a quieting effect on their move­ Cares" tells still another story about our About whose head a halo shines, ment. All they gained, in the end, was the · Whose merits rate reporter's lines promise of a meeting with White House rep­ dedicated law enforcement officers. One who calls them as they are, resentatives next week. That could have been Our gratitude to these men and women And not as I should wish, by far. achieved before those homes and businesses remain in the minds and hearts of us A gent who leans not either way in Wounded Knee were burned, or any blood all. But the boys decide the play. was spilled. Nothing like that must be al­ A guy who'll sting t he coach who yaps lowed to happen again, in prolonged parley­ From Siwash Hi or Old Millsaps. ing with armed lawbreakers. FBI NEEDS A PERMANENT DIREC­ Poems are made by fools like me, But neither should this destructive group But only God could referee. be identified in the public mind as "the In­ TOR TO BETTER SERVE NATION dians," per se. It is a fringe, mainly with an urban base, whose tactics are deplored by a HON. LAWRENCE J. HOGAN great many other Indians. And these dep­ OF MARYLAND redations by a few must not cause any DAKOTA DEBACLE hesitation in dealing more adequately with IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the desperate poverty that afliicts so many Wednesday, May 16, 1973 reservation Indians. HON. JAMES ABDNOR Mr. HOGAN. Mr. Speaker, since the death of the former Director of the Fed­ OF SOUTH DAKOTA eral Bureau of Investigation, J. Edgar IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES MEMORIAL FOR LAW ENFORCE­ Hoover, the Bureau has been operating Wednesday, May 16, 1973 MENT OFFICERS ERECTED IN without the leadership of a permanent Mr. ABDNOR. Mr. Speaker, it has been FLINT, MICH. Director. It was most heartening for me nearly 3 months since the takeover of to recently read a resolution prepared Wounded Knee began. It has taken that HON. DONALD W. RIEGLE, JR. by the board of directors of the Society long for many elements of the news of Former Special Agents of the Federal media to place that violent and destruc­ OF MICHIGAN Bureau of Investigation, Inc. I wish to tive act into perspective. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES share this resolution with my colleagues Wednesday, May 16, 1973 in the House and the Members in the The Washington Star-News was one Senate so that all may be aware that it Eastern newspaper that had a grasp of Mr. RIEGLE. Mr. Speaker, by Presi­ is in the best interest of our country to the situation at Wounded Knee from the dential proclamation, the week of May 13 appoint a permanent Director as ex­ beginning. Tuesday, May 15, the paper to May 19, 1973, was proclaimed National pediently as possible: editorialized on the conclusion of "the Police Week. In recognizing National so-called second battle of Wounded RESOLUTION Police Week and May 15, 1973, as Police Whereas the Society of Former Agent s ot Knee." I urge my colleagues' reading of Officer's Memorial Day, Flint Memorial the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Inc. is this editorial: Park Cemetery in Flint, Mich., has composed of a membership of select ed for­ DAKOTA DEBACLE erected and dedicated a monument to mer Special Agents of the Federal Bureau of The so-called second battle of Wounded give tribute to all law enforcement Investigation in excess of 5,700, Knee was, from start to finish, a sorry spec­ omcers. Which membership has contributed to the tacle. It degraded the image of law, and FBI's prestige, stability, respect and reput a­ made the legitimate pleadings of American The idea of a monument was that of tion for integrity and dedication to public Indians more diflicult. James E. Van Linden, vice president of service and Still, some people will see in it the imagery Flint Memorial Park. He presented his Which membership has helped earn for t he of noble Indian activists bringing attention idea to the board of directors and a FBI its exemplarily national and world wide to the deprivation of their people by means resolution was supported and unani­ reputation, and that, while not commendable, at least are mously adopted to enable this idea Whereas the prestige and accomplishments understandable, and perhaps the only effec­ to become a reality. Rita J. Silverman, of the Federal Bureau of Investigation were tive option. This is nonsense. The 70-day oc­ the cemetery president, unveiled and gained through firm, forceful, fair and polit­ cupation and vandalism of Wounded Knee ically impartial leadersh'ip, and achieved nothing except destruction, and cer­ dedicated the monument on May 15, Whereas the Federal Bureau of Investiga­ tainly did not enhance the prospect !or In­ 1973. tion ha.s been without a permanent Direct or dian advancement in general. The monument was dedicated to all for the past year and the continued absence What the m111tants have to show for their law enforcement officers, their families, of a permanent Director is not in the best pains--and all their melodrama and threat­ and especially to their comrades who interests of this nation, ening rhetoric-are two dead brethren, more sacrificed their lives in heroism to aid Now therefore be it resolved by unanimous than a dozen wounded people (including a their fellow man. May their memory and vote of the Board of Directors of the Society U.S. marshal who is paralyzed from the waist of Former Special Agents of the Federal Bu­ down), and the rubble of burned-out build­ honor live forever. reau of Investiga-tion, Inc. in meeting assem­ ings. In a.ddition, numerous leaders and Craftsmen poured 400 pounds of bled April 28, 1973 at Cincinnati, Ohio that members of the fire-brand American Indian molten metal at 2,100° F. to cast this the President of the United States and the May 16, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16021 Senate of the United States Congress take practices an optimism based on an ethereal of conduct set by the Committee to Re-Elect immediate steps to select a permanent Direc­ dream. His optimism has grown out of the the President was simply unprecedented. I tor of the Federal Bureau of Investigation realities of life, which he has understood. have no doubt that the ethical standards of and As a top-fiight administrator, he has spent American politics can be improved. But we Be it further resolved that such Director much of his time helping to direct and re­ must wonder about Mr. Nixon's reference to should be a person representing the highest direct the flow of events to cope with prob­ 'campaign excesses that have occurred on all traditions of the Service including qualities lems never before contemplated. As we are sides'. I emphatically reject the notion that of integrity, loyalty, moral fibre, leadership all aware, tobacco has been tremendously I or my colleagues or my party in the Presi­ and freedom from partisan involvement, and important to the economy of North Caro­ dential election condoned or would have Be it further resolved that the Society of lina. And, we the people of North Carolina, countenanced activities of a criminal nature. Former Special Agents of the Federal Bureau are indeed grateful to Mr. Galloway and his Any such insinuation is unworthy of Mr. of Investigation, Inc. is prepared to offer its industrial colleagues for their contributions NiXon's pledged determination to avoid ' ... services and assistance in achieving this ob­ to the good life that we now enjoy. actions which would appear to reflect on in­ jective, and places itself at the call and re­ Mr. Galloway's response to these unusual nocent people'." quest of the President of the United States times and circumstances has been twofold. Sen. McGovern's words ring more honestly and the United States Senate,-all for the First, he and his associates have insisted since he had repeatedly refused to respond best interests of our country. upon continued research, and the production to press inquiries about Watergate untU his of the finest kind of product, and told the appearance before the editors. Even then he world frankly about it. The other response pleaded for moderation and urged Demo­ was to launch a vast and knowledgeable and crats not to try to make political hay from DISTINGUISHED CITIZEN very successful program of diversification. this scandal. Alex Galloway is now serving as Chairman He went on to say, "I take no joy tode.y of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of from the President's difficulties. With him, I HON. WILMER MIZELL one of the great corporations of America, hope they will be resolved soon so that he OF NORTH CAROLINA R. J. Reynolds Industries, Incorporated. I and we can fight out the future on other, have said this before and I repeat it here, better issues." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that R. J. Reynolds is one of the best orga­ Surely if the Democrats were guUty of any Wednesday, May 16, 1973 nized, and one of the best administered, and similar wrongdoing, as the President's Re­ one of the best managed companies in the publican re-election friends have been in­ Mr. MIZELL. Mr. Speaker, I rise briefly entire United States, and when its history volved in, the Republicans would have to call my colleagues' attention to a re­ is written from time to time, it wlll reflect brought it forward by now. They had their cent article in North Carolina magazine the imagination, the courage, and even the network of spies working and if Democrats telling of the presentation of the North chivalry of the man we honor here tonight. had been found engaged in sinister tactics and money maneuvering by now such mis­ Carolina Citizens Association's annual deeds would have been trumpeted on high. Citation f.or Distinguished Citizenship to That has not been the case. There has Alex H. Galloway of Winston-Salem, the been some talk of the climate in this country recently retired chairman of the board of WATERGATE NOT TYPICAL 9F when the '72 election campaign began refer­ R. J. Reynolds Industries. POLITICAL SYSTEM ring to the anti-Nixon sentiment especially This presentation was a richly de­ among the young because of the continua­ served tribute to an outstanding business tion of the war in Vietnam. And there was HON. ROBERT H. MOLLOHAN speculation about the possiblllty of thou­ and community leader who contributed OF WEST VmGINIA sands of demonstrators turning up in mas­ so much to the progress and success of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sive protest at the Republican National Con­ both. vention. But no one ever linked the Demo­ The article follows: Wednesday, May 16, 1973 cratic party organization with these reports. ALEX GALLOWAY: DISTINGUISHED CITIZEN Mr. MOLLOHAN. Mr. Speaker, one of These were not activities being planned, co­ (EDITOR's NoTE.-The North Carolina Citi­ the things that has concerned me most ordinated and directed out of National Dem­ zens Association's annual Citation for Distin­ about the unfolding Watergate affairs ocratic Headquarters or Sen. McGovern's guished Citizenship was presented to Alex H. campaign organization. has been the fear that good Americans We have witnessed some evil, dirty and Galloway of Winston-Salem, Chairman of the throughout the Nation may interpret Board of R. J. Reynolds Industries, at the corrupt happenings in American politics­ organization's Annual Meeting on March 21. these events as representing the decline both among Republicans and Democrats­ The citation was presented by State Treas­ and decay of our great political process. but nothing to match the terribly dangerous urer Edwin Gill, himself a recipient of the I do not believe this is a valid interpre­ and frightening abuse of power as brought Association's Citation for Distinguished Pub­ tation, and neither do the astute and out so far by the Watergate investigations. lic Service in 1970. Mr. Gill's remarks for the perceptive editors of the Wheeling News­ So we had best not try to excuse this Ad­ occasion follow.) Register. In an editorial printed in that ministration scandal with the idea that this Through the years, I have had many privi­ is the normal way of American politics. Our paper on May 8, 1973, the editors pointed politics for all its shortcomings is better than leges, but none that I value more than the out in a very reasonable, analytical, and pleasant duty assigned to me here tonight. that and let's not forget it. It is a high honor to present your "Man of well-written fashion why Watergate is the Year" award to a distinguished North not typical of the American political Carolinian-Alex Galloway. I would not at­ process. Mr. Speaker, I believe the edi­ tempt in my own words to give you his most tors of the Wheeling News-Register are MISS PHYLLIS ANN DAIGLE interesting biography, for the highlights of to be commended for their forthright his career, which include public service to the and judicious appraisals and observa­ City of Winston-Salem, the County of For­ tions and commend this editorial to your HON. DAVID C. TREEN syth, the State of North Carolina and to the attention: OF LOUISIANA nation-are all eloquently described in the NOT TYPICAL! citation that I have the honor to present IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES With the unfolding Watergate scandal be­ at this time. Wednesday, May 16, 1973 Before reading to you excerpts from the coming more serious with almost every pass­ citation, I would like to say that I have ing day it is best that we keep in mind that Mr. TREEN. Mr. Speaker, at the time never known a man who carried great au­ this is NOT typical of the political process in of the Inauguration of President Nixon thority more gracefully than Alex. Over the America. When Watergate first surfaced there was a last January I spoke of the accomplish­ years, he has had to meet many d11ficult ments and the talents of a group of and grim challenges. As he faced each crisis, tendency on the part of the people and many he was both firm and serious; but those who commentators to write it off as "just poli­ young people from the Third District of knew him best could always see that, in tics." We should know better by now. Louisiana, The Thibodaux High School spite of the stress and strain of executive Last week in an appearance before the · Tiger Band. I also inserted a list of the decisions, there was just a suggestion of a American Society of Newspaper Editors in names of band members into the CoN­ twinkle in his eye; and, regardless of the Washington, Senator George McGovern, de­ GRESSIONAL RECORD. chilling effects of adverse circumstances, I feated Democratic candidate for president, I very much regret to report that due know of no man who has maintained at all rejected the idea that Watergate was typical to a clerical error I neglected to list the times a more hopeful and optimistic attitude politics. He said Watergate is worse than the name of one member of the Tiger Band. about the progress of his State, his nation, tactics of any campaign "in my memory or and the industrial giant wi.th which he has modern times." She is Miss Phyllis Ann Daigle, who with long been associated. He said, "What was wrong with Watergate the other members of the band came to I have said that Alex Galloway has been was not just that the President's associates Washington to help celebrate the In­ optimistic, and by that I do not mean that he got caught but what they did. The standard auguration. Phyllis Ann is the 15-year- 16022 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 16, 1973 old daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Harold includes accredited technical or voca­ SAN MATEO NEEDS DECISION NOW Daigle of Thibodaux. I would like to take tional schools beyond the 12th grade. this opportunity to apologize to my col­ I am convinced immediate action on leagues, to Phyllis Ann and to her par­ this legislation is necessary. As we de­ HON. LEO J. RYAN ents for this omission, and to correct the bate its relative merits, inflation con­ OF CALIFORNIA record accordingly. My previous remarks tinues to eat away at families' savings, about these young people apply with and tuitions continue to rise. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES equal emphasis to Phyllis Ann. The bill is also necessary to help re­ Wednesday, May 16, 1973 lieve the financial anemia of many of Mr. RYAN. Mr. Speaker, there is pres­ our colleges and universities. Just 2 years ently pending before the Secretary of ago the Association of American Colleges Agriculture a request by the Governor of TAX CREDITS FOR HIGHER ~onducted a survey of private institu­ EDUCATION California that San Mateo County be de­ tions of higher learning entitled, "The clared a disaster area as the result of Red and the Black." The survey revealed substantial frost damage last December. what private college spokesmen have The farmers in this community sustained HON. TOM RAILSBACK been telling us for years-that expenses more than $3 million in crop losses due OF n.LINOIS are outstripping incomes. Almost half of to an unseasonable freeze. But that loss IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the private institutions of higher educa­ figure does not take into account the Wednesday, May 16, 1973 tion faced operating deficits in the 1971 long-range effects which will reverberate school year. Later in 1971 a followup throughout the community for many Mr. RAILSBACK. Mr. Speaker, over study, "Redder and Much Redder," the years the Congress has devoted con­ months to come. There is loss of labor painted a worsening picture. revenue, which means some worker will siderable energy and resources toward One of the strengths of American post­ not be employed in the harvesting of the improving our educational system. Fed­ secondary education is its diversity. But eral programs have assisted the veteran, lost crop. His wages will not be taxed. the choice and diversity may not be able His family may have to be cared for by the needy, the handicapped. However, to exist much longer. Many private one segment of our population has too the community. He will have no money schools, dependent upon tuition as a pri­ to spend in local stores. often been forgotten: the middle-income mary source of revenue, face declining American. The actual dollar loss is thus multi­ enrollments, because their high tuitions plied several times in the community in Many of these individuals find them­ are pricing them out of the education selves in very difficult financial situa­ which the loss occurred. The President market. recently signed into law H.R. 1975, an tions when they try to send their chil­ Mr. Speaker tax credits will help re­ dren to college. Charges at public as well emergency loan act which would offer lieve the heavy financial burden Amer­ some relief to the farmer, and make it as private institutions of higher learn­ ican parents bear in providing higher ing have risen sharply in recent years. possible for him to replant and recover education for their children. Tax credits his lost crops, or take whatever course The average tuition, room, and board at can also be instrumental in financially a public institution is now approximately is available to him to stay in business. bolstering private higher education by The provisions of this law provide for 5 $1,400. At a private college or university, enabling more persons to enroll. I en­ these same necessities generally exceed percent interest loans, which I consider courage my colleagues to support the to be fair in light of the fact that losses $3,000. Add to these costs the expenses of legislation Congressman CouGHLIN and books, supplies, equipment, and trans­ of this kind can often be fatal to the I and many other have introduced. We farmer. And one thing this Nation can portation, and the problem confronting need educated and enlightened men and many middle-income families becomes not afford to be without is a healthy women, and we need healthy institutions rural economy. clear. If the Congress does not take ac­ of higher learning. tion soon, it may well be that only stu­ As an illustration of the impact agri­ dents from very poor families or from culture has on the economy of San Mateo County, I am adding to my remarks two very rich families will be able to pursue ANNOUNCEMENT OF HEARINGS ON higher education. newspaper stories from the Half Moon TREATMENT AND REHABILITA­ Bay Review, each dealing with crop fig­ We must provide some measure of TION OF NARCOTICS ADDICTS relief to the citizens who are making ures for 1972. You will note, Mr. Speak­ every effort and sacrifice to educate their er and my colleagues, that floriculture children with their own resources-re­ HON. DON EDWARDS pl~ys a dominant role in the total agri­ sources which are often inadequate or OF CALIFORNIA culture output of San Mateo County. The agricultural losses of this commu­ which, if used for this purpose, place a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES heavy burden upon the other members nity can never be fully recovered. But of the family. Wednesday, May 16, 1973 the legislation recently adopted by Con­ For my part, I was pleased to join Con­ Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. gress and signed into law by the Pres­ gressman CoUGHLIN in sponsoring a bill Speaker, I would like to announce that ident can surely be used to keep this land to provide tax credits for the expenses of Subcommittee No. 4 of the House Judi­ rural and productive. Hopefully, the Sec­ higher education. The legislation is vir­ ciary Committee will complete its series retary of Agriculture will also realize the tually identical to bills which were intro­ of hearings on narcotic addiction treat­ impact such a loss has on a community, duced in the 91st and 92d Congress with ment and rehabilitation programs in five and take action soon to soften the eco­ over 100 cosponsors. Briefly stated, it pro­ major cities: Washington, D.C.; Los An­ nomic blow to San Mateo County. vides a tax credit of 100 percent of the geles, San Francisco, and Alameda The following news articles are hereby first $200 spent on higher education; 25 Counties, Calif.; Chicago, Ill.; and New submitted for printing in the RECORD: percent of the expenses from $200 to York City. FLOWERS LEAD COUNTY VALUABLE CROPS; 1972 $500; and 5 percent of the costs incurred The subject of these hearings will be STATISTICS RELEASED between $500 and $1,500. The full credit "Narcotic Addiction Treatment and Re­ San Mateo County's floriculture industry would apply to persons whose adjusted habilitation Programs in New York continues to dominate the field of million dollar crops in 1972, with only one vegetable gross income is $19,000 or less. For those City." This is the last of five reports is­ crop-Brussels sprouts in the top list, ac­ with higher income, the amount of credit sued by the General Accounting Office cording to the annual report issued by the would be reduced a little. The credit in on the above-mentioned cities. county's agricultural office recently. such cases will be reduced by 1 percent The hearings will commence with testi­ Flowering potted plants increased a whop­ of the amount by which the taxpayer's mony from the office of the Comptroller ping $2,063,000 from 1971 to lead the county's income exceeds $19,000 for the year in General of the United States on Wednes­ million dollar crop list with a 1972 value of which the credit is claimed. day, May 23, 1973, at 10 a.m., in 2237 $8,074,000. In second place was carnations Anyone is eligible for the higher edu­ Rayburn House Office Building. up $933,000 to a value of $5,247,000 in 1972. cation tax credit if he pays the expenses Two flower crops--ornamental nursery Those wishing to testify or to submit stock and chrysanthemums, dropped in of a full- or part-time student enrolled statements for the record should address value, although they remained the third and at an institution of higher learning. The their requests to the Committee on the fourth highest million dollar crops, respec­ 'taxpayer claiming the credit may be the Judiciary, U.S. House of Representatives, tively. student himself, and the institution also Washington, D.C. 20515. Ornamentals dropped $667,000 in 1972 for May 16, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16023 a total value of $4,113,000 while chrysan­ tion in 1972 despite a slight loss in acreage, in 1972, a substantial increase over the 1971 themums dropped $146,000 to a value of and ended up with a value increase from crop value of $29,400. Production of leeks $2,517,000 in 1972. $291,000 in 1971 to $380,000 in 1972. was up, unit price dropped during the year. Other million dollar crops include straw­ Christmas trees continue to grow in crop Lettuce, all varieties, was down in value­ flowers, $1,672,000; marguerites, $1,658,000; value, with production, and cost per unit from $211,000 in 1971 to $175,000 in 1972. Brussels sprouts, $1,630,000; indoor decora­ increasing in 1972. Market green peas crop dropped in value tive plants, $1,613,000; and roses, $1,398,000. Approximately 232 acres · in the county $20,000 in 1972-from $300,000 in value in OUTDOOR FLORICULTURE were planted in Christmas trees last year, for 1971 to $280,000 in 1972. a total of 32,000 trees as compared to 27,000 Acreage production of peas increased, but Aster production, and price per bloom fell trees the year before. Cost per tree increased overall production dropped, and unit price during 1972, so the total value of the crop from $6.96 to $7.25 in 1972. remained the same for both 1971 and 1972- dropped from $38,600 in 1971 to $28,300 in Total value of the 1972 Christmas tree $250 a ton. 1972. Calla lilies were also down from crop was $232,000, up $44,000 from the 1971 The country's potato crop dropped in 1972 $52,000 in 1971 to $36,000 in 1972. total of $188,000. from a value of $51,000 in 1971 to a value of The cost of calla lilies dropped from $1.25 Nursery stock declined from a value of $48,600 in 1972. Production and unit price a dozen to $.99 a dozen during that period. $4,780,000 in 1971 to $4,113,000 in 1972. were both down. Pompon chrysanthemums increased in Radishes-590 tons valued at $105,000 were value from $105,000 to $136,000 in 1972 de­ YEAR 1972 VEGETABLE CROP OF SAN MATEO produced in 1972. The year before, 648 tons spite a slight decrease in volume because the COUNTY VALUED AT $9,845,500 were produced for a crop value of $108,000. unit price (per bunch) increased from $.50 Vegetable crops in San Mateo county in­ Spinach production and value went way to $.65 during the year. creased in value from $8,035,363 in 1971 to up in 1972-from 60 acres in production to Cut foliage increased noticeably during $9,845,500 in 1972, it was learned in the an­ 148 in one year. Unit price ~or spinach went 1972, with the total value being $135,000 as nual county agricultural report issued re­ from $302 per ton in 1971 to $335 per ton opposed to $75,000 in 1971. Production in­ cently. in 1972. creased by 25,000 bunches, and the unit price ARTICHOKES Total value of the spinach crop was $93,000 increased from $.75 to $1.08 in 1972. Increas­ Artichokes were up in value, totaling a in 1971 as compared to $207,000 in 1972. ing dahlia production from 3 acres to 4 in A seesaw situation developed in 1972 1972, along with a per unit price increase value of $685,700 with 610 acres harvested in 1972 as compared to $577,100 in value with squash crop of San Mateo county. made it possible for dahlias to more than The winter squash crop fell sharply in double in value in 1972. 560 acres harvested in 1971. Unit price of artichokes was $209.81 in value in 1972, valued at $104,000 where the $24,000 as compared to $9,900 the year 1971 crop had been valued at $240,000. Unit 1972 as compared to $231.49 in 1971. before. Snap beans increased in value significantly price of winter squash had plummeted to Production went up from 300,000 to 400,000 in 1972, with an increase from $78,000 in $54.20 per ton in 1972 as compared to $92.70 blooms, and the unit price of dahlias in­ 1971 to $106,000 in 1972. Acreage in snap the year before. creased from $.033 to $.06 a bloom. beans rose from 47 to 75 in one year, and On the other hand, summer squash in· Increased p.roduction, and price per unit production was also up. creased in production, and crop value in made it possible for the 1972 heather crop Unit price of snap beans dropped from 1972-$118,000 in value as compared to $32,- 000 in 1971. to increase in value from $173,000 to $375 in 1971 to $321 in 1972. $365,000. Table beets were up in value from $10,800 Production increased from 10 acres in cul­ Iris total value in 1972 was $159,000 as to $11,700 during 1971-72. Production of tivation to 36, and unit price increased from compared to $109,000 in 1971. Price per dozen beets remained constant with 1971 figures $333 per ton in 1971 to $341.00 per ton in 1972. increased from $1.00 to $1.25, and increased With the exception of a unit price increase acreage made possible a larger number of from $171 to $186. iris grown-127,000 in 1972 as compared to 109,000 in 1971. BRUSSELS SPROUTS A FEDERAL CHARTER FOR THE MARGUERITES UP Brussels sprouts totals are a value of $1,- 630,000 in 1972 compared to a value of $1,- GOLD STAR WIVES OF AMER­ Marguerites went up in value from $1,093,- 506,000 in 1971. Less acreage in sprouts was ICA 000 in 1971 to $1,658,000 in 1972, according reported, but unit price increased from $230 to the report. per ton to $275 per ton. Production went up from 3,416,000 to 3,- Fresh market Brussels sprouts dropped in HON. GARNER E. SHRIVER 948,000 bunches, and the unit price increased value from $147,000 in 1971 to $114,000 in OJ' KANSAS from $.32 to $.42 during the year. 1972. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Narcissus production, unit price and total Sprouts for processing increased in value value all decreased in 1972. Total value of from $1,359,000 to $1,516,000 during the same Wednesday, May 16, 1973 the crop was $53,800 in 1972 as compared to period. Mr. SHRIVER. Mr. Speaker, I am in­ $106,000 in 1971. Cabbage production, unit price and crop Shasta daisies increased $7,000 in value troducing legislation today to provide a value all went down in 1972. Totals were Federal charter for the Gold Star Wives. during 1972 due to a unit price increase while $26,100 in 1971 as compared to $19,500 in production remained constant at 3,510,000 1972. of America. blooms. Total value was $218,000 in 1972. Celery crops made a small gain in value Members of Gold Star Wives are the· Stock value was down to $3,000 from $3,600 from $30,700 to $32,800 during the year. widows of members of the Armed Forces in 1971 With decreased production but a per Chard production and value dropped de­ of the United States who died while in unit price increase from $.60 to $.75 a dozen. spite an increase in price per ton from $125 active service. The national organization STRAVVFLOVVER STATISTICS a unit in 1971 to $150 a unit in 1972. was established in 1945, and it is now Strawflowers increased in production, and Totals on chard crop value are $115,000 in comprised of more than 2,000 members. total value during 1972 despite drop in unit 1971 and $106,000 in 1972. value. Production was 83,600 boxes as com­ Sweet corn increased in production from in 49 of our States. pared to 72,000 in 1971. Cost per unit dropped 27 to 43 acres, with a decrease in unit price This is truly a national organization; to $20.00 a box in 1972 from $22.00 a box in from $121 a ton to $111 a ton during 1972. it is patriotic, nonpartisan and nonprofit 1971. Corn crop totals for 1972 show an in­ in nature; it is dedicated, through activ~ Total value of the crop was $1,672,000 in crease--$34,400 as compared to $23,500 in assistance to their families, to honoring 1972 as compared to $1,584,000 in 1971. 1971. the memory of loved ones vvho paid the· A large drop in the per unit price of violets Green leafy vegetables (kale, mustard supreme sacrifice while serving our coun,. decreased the value of the 1972 crop despite greens, etc.) went up in value $20,000 in try. increased production. Unit price was $1.75 a 1972-from $49,000 in value in 1971 to dozen as compared to $3.00 in 1971. $69,000 in value in 1972. I am informed by the officers of thiS Total value of the crop was $77,000 in 1972, Production of leafy vegetables was down- organization that their work would be­ $22,000 less than the 1971 total of $99,000. 16 acres in 1972 as compared to 24 acres in greatly aided by a Federal charter. I Yarrow made a significant gain in 1972, 1971, but unit price increased dramatically­ know of no reason why this should not with a total value of $76,700 as compared to $558 per ton in 1972 as compared to $268 in be done. $30,000 in 1971. 1971. The staff of the House Judiciary Com­ Production of yarrow was up from 54,000 Production of lettuce dropped 20 acres, and mittee has indicated the committee is dozens to 76,700 and price per unit went up unit price per ton was $146 in 1972 as com­ sympathetic tovvard this legislation, but from $.56 to $1.00 a dozen. pared to $162 in 1971. that technical difficulties have prevented Miscellaneous flowers (including begonias, The parsley crop more than halved in value tulips, etc.) increased in value from $326,000 during 1972-$8,000 in value last year as action. The problems are legal, and they to $350,000 in 1972. Price per unit was up opposed to $17,000 in value in 1971. Produc­ have nothing to do with the organization from $.63 a bunch in 1971 to $.82 a bunch in tion dropped despite a unit cost increase itself. 1972, it was learned. from $193 in 1971 to $258 in 1972. Apparently, no Federal charter legisla­ Herbaceous perennials increased produc- Leeks production was valued at $44,600 tion will be considered by either the 16024 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 16, 1973 House or Senate Judiciary Committees to the wisdom of the decision though, some­ amount to only 15% of personal income back until the question of regulation or su­ thing closer to the salute has to prevail. The in 1930. By 1950 that had risen to 30%. measure the administration put before Con­ Now it's close to 45% and climbing. When pervision of all such charter organiza­ gress was technically one of authority to it gets above 50%-which could be by 1980- tions is settled. I do not argue with that, transfer funds from one Pentagon account Reagan says the country will be in deep eco­ nor do the Gold Star Wives, but it is time to another, and the House recognized that nomic trouble. to get on with it. the real issue was whether it would give Reagan illustrates the p·roblem another Mr. Speaker, the concerns of the Gold authority for the bombing. On the merits of way that may be even more dramatic. Star Wives transcend State lines, and the this question, despite our inclination to All State taxes now amount to $9.8 billion. activities and benefits available from the string along with those who made past pol­ By 1990, Reagan expects that total to reach organization are helping widows and icy, it is far from clear Congress is wrong. $47 billion. Personal income will have gone And as our system of government is de­ up, too, but not as fast. Reagan's plan would children of servicemen in nearly all of signed, and if true responsibllity is to be reduce the tax bite by 1990 to only $27 our congressional districts. Federal char­ restored on Capitol Hill, Congress must be billion. ter legislation should receive high pri­ permitted to make some of the mistakes. The secret of the plan is a Constitutional ority in the 93d Congress. We are troubled, then, by the administra­ Amendment that would limit the percentage tion's announced plan to continue the bomb­ of personal income that could be taken by ing even after the Senate endorses the House State taxes. The percentage would be low­ action and the intent of Congress is clear. ered a little at a time over the next 15 years; CONGRESS AND CAMBODIA Apparently, the Pentagon has, or thinks it from the present 8.75% to about 7% by has, technical authority to use other funds 1990. for this purpose, at least temporarily. Per­ It's true that a fiat limit on taxes might haps so, but the ultimate meaning is that create problems. We might need or want HON. ROB.ERT P. HANRAHAN Congress can work its will on the bombing more spending. In that case, the Legislature OF ll.LINOIS only by tearing down the whole defense could impose a. new tax, but the voters would IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES budget. Surely that is not how constitutional have a chance to throw it out at the next government is supposed to work. general election. An emergency fund is in Wednesday, May 16, 1973 At the very least, it seems to us, the ad­ Reagan's plan, too. Mr. HANRAHAN. Mr. Speaker, re­ ministration owes Congress a clear up-and­ The strongest argument we've heard cently this body had occasion to consider down vote on the bombing. That is, it should against the plan is that if there's a fiat limit put the question squarely before Congress, on state income it would cause the various H.R. 7447, with its controversial amend­ not as some kind of a technicality. It should government agencies to fight among them­ ments. I have recently read an editorial make its case for the policy it wants to fol­ selves for a bigger slice of the pie. So what's in the Wall Street Journal on the subject low, and pledge to follow the intent of Con­ new? Isn't that the way it works now? of that legislation. I would like to sub­ gress if Congress wants to take responsibility Milton Friedman, the famous economist mit it for my colleagues consideration: out of Executive hands. from the University of Chicagc:r-one of many Nothing like this was ever done in the his­ around the country who supports the Reagan CONGRESS AND CAMBODIA plan-said the tax limit would force agencies We happen to believe that the House of tory of the Vietnam war; if it had been done either the policy would have been different to make tighter budgets and he thinks it Representatives was wrong, on balance and could set an example for every State. So do at this time, to vote against funds for further or Congress and the nation would have been united behind the policy that was followed. we. We'd like to see the Legislature put the bombing in Cambodia. But we believe far Reagan Amendment on the ballot and let more strongly that the administration is Either course would have been prefe,rable to what h8ippened. the people decide if they really want to put wrong in its apparent attitude that the an end to ever increasing taxes. bombing will continue regardless of what This kind of clear decision with clear re­ Congress does. sponsibility, it seems to us, ought to be the So far as the policy itself goes, our control­ heart of constitutional government. The LIMrriNG TAXING POWER ling thought is that President Nixon and Mr. Founding Fathers, after all, did invest Con­ Public resistance to taxation is not a Kissinger, having steered us all this way in gress with the power to declare war. This negligible force but neither is the clamor Indochina, deserve ample opportunity to observation may not provide an instant an­ from interest groups for more and more tax­ wrap up the loose ends. They have managed swer to all the constitutional questions that financed public spending. -the withdrawal from Vietnam far better than may arise in this day and age, but certainly Throughout most of this century, the in­ .anyone could have predicted, consistently those words in the Constitution mean some­ terest groups have been winning. Govern­ _proving themselves right and their congres­ thing. ment at all levels, which took about 15% of .sional critics wrong. Surely none of the personal inrome in 1930 and some 32% in critics would have thought four years ago, or 1950, takes a whopping 43% today. ·even one year ago, that today the Americans GOVERNOR REAGAN'S TAX LIMITA­ Whether or not there is some turning point, would be gone from South Vietnam and an TION GAINS SUPPORT or at least leveling off point, to be reached .anti-Communist government would stlll in this long-term trend can only be guessed, .stand in Saigon. If the administration now but there are many .reasons why it would .:feels it needs to bomb in support of the Cam­ be prudent for the nation to strike some .bodian government long enough to reach HON. VICTOR V. VEYSEY long-term balance soon between public and .some modus vivendi there, we would be in­ OF CALIFORNIA private sector spending. If for no other rea­ ,clined to give it that chance. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES son, the rising weight of the public sectors That is by no means to say we see anything acts as a drug on the nation's productivity, ·to be said for a policy of propping up Cam­ Wednesday, May 16, 1973 and thus its progress towards an even higher -bodia indefinitely with B-52s. In the end the Mr. VEYSEY. Mr. Speaker, the tax standard of living. fate of Cambodia, and the fate of South Viet­ So it is a matter of no small interest that nam if Cambodia does fall, will have to be reduction plan to be submitted to the Governor Ronald Reagan of Oalifornia has ,determined by the indigenous anti-Com­ voters of California by Gov. Ronald proposed an amendment to the California ..munist forces, though of course they need Reagan has had favorable editorial com­ constitution placing a permanent limit on .American supplies. The U.S. Air Force can ment. On February 26 and 27, radio sta­ the level of state taxation. It would start at -only marginally affect the outcome, and tion KNXT in Los Angeles and the Wall the current level of 8.75% of personal in­ American planners should be looking forward Street Journal in their April 19, 1973, come and descend to 7.25% over 15 years. The to ending the bombing, completing the rela­ state's budget stlll would rise over this period edition carried editorial evaluations, and because of rising incomes and population. tively adroit military withdrawal Mr. Nixon I present them so that my colleagues .has managed over the last four years. It should not be surprising that the Rea­ So we have rather mixed feelings about may be aware of the broad support de­ gan proposal is under attack from several ·the House vote. For all these years Con­ veloping for this innovative proposal to quarters. There are charges that such a limit .gress has fiddled with the anti-war cause, control the burden of taxation: would not make adequate allowance for de­ marching up the hill and down like "The GOVERNOR REAGAN'S TAX REDUCTION PLAN pressions or natural disaster, that it will straitjacket future a.dininistrations and that Grand Old Duke of York." Now, after Mr. Governor Reagan is beginning a statewide NiXon has the American forces safely out of it represents a radical departure from tradi­ campaign to persuade the people to put a lid tion. The last claim is the only one that has Vietnam, and the prisoners back, and just as on taxes. His idea may not sound revolu­ Mr. Kissinger is preparing to meet with Le much validity. tionary, but it ts, and you'll be hearing a The Rea.ga.n proposal provides for an emer­ Due Tho about Cambodia, Congress finally lot more about it. is willing to take a stand. We can't decide gency fund equal to 0.2% of the state's per­ whether to condemn it for awkward and even Reagan is concerned that taxes at all levels sonal income (some $220 mililon next fiscal cowardly timing, or to salute it for at long of government-local, State and Federal­ year) . And it allows a tax increase above the last standing up to take some of the respon­ are taking more and more from our personal liinitation upon approval of two-thirds of the .sib111ty. income . legislature and the governor, but voters then On the matter of responsibliity as opposed As the chart shows, all taxes combined have the opportunity to approve or disap- May 16, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16025 prove the increase by a simple majority vote proudly of him that he came to repre­ participation are the ways to assure this. at the next statewide election. sent what is best in America. Mr. Nixon has committed himself verbally on Nevertheless, the proposal is radical in the several occasions to expanded ownership. It is sense that it acknowledges there should be a time to make good on this commitment by limit to what percentage of an individual's examining proposals for profit-sharing, em­ income the government can properly claim. ploye stock ownership, cooperative enterprise, It is radical in that it would force legislators THE THIRD ADMINISTRATION land reform, community ownership, and new to adopt broad spending priorities, rather legal forms to promote them. than allow them to react to the demands of Not only must the third Nixon Administra­ special interest groups by raising taxes. Above HON. BILL FRENZEL tion build a stronger progressive foundation all, the proposal raises the radical question, OF MINNESOTA for public policy, but it must be done in an which Governor Reagan posed to legisla­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES air of openness, cooperation and trust. If tors, "Are we automatically destined to tax public confidence is to be restored, the Ad­ and spend, spend and tax indefinitely until Wednesday, May 16, 1973 ministration will have to do what it says. the people have nothing left of their earn­ Mr. FRENZEL. Mr. Speaker, in the John Mitchell's precept "watch what we do, ings for themselves?" editorial section of the May 10 New York not what we say," too often has been in­ This bold proposal, the handiwork of an corporated in Mr. Ziegler's lies to the press. impressive academic and industry brain Times an article by Ron Speed, a con­ This "new majority" mentality-withholding trust, is sure to generate hostility from those stituent of mine and president of the information and manipulating issues and who still believe, in the face of abundant national Ripon Society, was published. people for the sake of political expediency­ evidence to the contrary, that governments The article follows: has now been thoroughly discredited. As the invariably make better economic choices THE THmD ADMINISTRATION White House players change, what must be than do individuals collectively. (By Ron Speed) certain is that the White House mentality But as the tax burden continues to in­ be changed as well. crease, there is need for a tax policy alterna­ MINNE!\POLIS.-The damage of the Water­ As for Watergate, it should lead to a full tive to the present method of collecting gate affair is done. Under the circumstances reform of the political process: the stringent whatever the traffic will bear. The Reagan the best the President could do was assign new code on campaign spending, corrupt proposal may not be the final answer, but if the responsibility for uncovering the truth practices, financing and voting frauds and it stimulates widespread discussion about to Elliot Richardson. A loyal and committed the strict enforcement of these by the De­ the limits of public taxation and spending it Nixon partisan, the new Attorney General partment of Justice. will have performed a valuable public service. is a man of unquestioned integrity, intelli­ Of the President himself, whom the Ripon gence and ability. He is the right man for Society endorsed in 1968 and 1972, we ex­ the job. pect a new tone. If he is to convince the But the larger question is whether the country to look forward to his leadership in­ A TRIBUTE TO JUDGE SAUND President can regain enough of a nation's stead of backwards to criminal behavior in confidence to be effective during the remain­ the White House, he will have to find tangi­ der of his term. In light of the acts of the ble ways to demonstrate that the third Nix­ 1972 campaign, Mr. Nixon's overwhelming on Administration will be a regime of integ­ HON. THOMAS E. MORGAN electoral mandate of six months ago is lost. rity, progress, liberty, civility, order, justice, OF PENNSYLVANIA His speech of April 30 was a promise to re­ amnesty and compassion. earn that mandate by his future actions as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES President. Wednesday, May '1.6, 1973 The belated disclosure of his four Christ­ mas Eve resolutions was an attempt to set Mr. MORGAN. Mr. Speaker, it was my a new tone with a new Inaugural Address MAIL SERVICE great privilege to be a friend and a col­ which instead of stressing the traditional league of Judge Dalip Singh Saund who themes of laisse-jaire commit the President was a member of the Foreign Affairs to four positive goals. In the wake of the HON. MANUEL LUJAN, JR. Committee throughout his distinguished Haldeman and Ehrlichman resignations, the OF NEW MEXICO service in this body. Although only a third Nixon Administration will be meas­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ured by its commitment to achieving these freshman Congressman at the time of his objectives. Wednesday, May 16, 1973 appointment to the committee, he soon These were the goals, as presented in his made his mark as one of its ablest mem­ Mr. LUJAN. Mr. Speaker, with the April 30 address: amount of mail that we have been receiv­ bers. His imprint on major foreign affairs "Equality of opportunity, full opportunity legislation lasts to this day. for all Americans." This means a rededica­ ing on the mail service, it might be ap­ The late 1950's and early 1960's, when tion to civil rights not merely in the en­ propriate to include in today's RECORD Judge Saund was here, were years of his­ forcement of laws but in the rhetoric and the following editorial from the Los toric change in the world scene. The big symbols of politics. It means hiring women, Alamos Monitor, May 1, 1973, pertain­ power cold war was beginning to melt. minorities and aging workers. It means open ing to it: Americans were growing in awareness of housing and insurance against crushing hos­ MAIL SERVICE pital bills. It means an open educational sys­ Now on display in the post office is a huge another global challenge, posed by the tem and a relief from an unfair share of the multicolor rendering of the ten-stamp com­ needs of poor countries which cover much tax burden for the lower-middle-class memorwtive thIndia, his of welfare, rent subsidy, food stamps and bly making this unique series highly popu­ knowledge of farming in California, and Social Security programs remain-as the lar with collectors. This is the first time that President proclaimed-a major load of the post office has issued a ten-stamp com­ his cop}passion for people everywhere, Government. The failure of his welfare pro­ memorative. The previous high number was endowed him ideally for this role. gram in the first term was not the fault of four. Each of the ten stamps shows a dif­ AS a member of our committee, he was Congress, but the Administration itself. The ferent scene within a post office or of one of course very knowledgeable about White House was at first unable to draft a of the minions out on his appointed rounds. South Asian affairs. But his active, hu­ bill which contained work incentives. When Also unusual, there is a message printed on manitarian interest was universal. He such a bill began to surface, Mr. Nixon's new the back of each sta.mp. This, too, will be of showed deep concern for the impover­ economic policy of August 1971 made it interest to collectors. inevitable that this program would be aban­ To those who contemplate buying the ished masses not only in India, but doned in the· name of budgetary stringency. stamp to use instead of placing it in an worldwide. He labored especially for pro­ "A climate of decency and civility." We albwn, we have this suggestion: it might visions to assist small farmers and the take this to mean that there will be regular be appropriate to place the stamp 1n the dispossessed everywhere. press conferences, a working Cabinet, close customary place on the envelope-the upper Mr. Speaker, the foreign assistance dealing with Congress, a fulfillment of right hand corner-but put it on upside legislation shaped in 1961 is still basic pledges of an open Presidency with regard to down. Not in this instance to indicate affec­ law today, and parts of it come from young people, an infusion of intellectual tion, but rather distress. Let's admit to one content as well as political skill into the another that the Federal government's tink­ the hand and heart of Judge Saund. It White House staff, and a more forgiving ering with the mails is causing a steady was a heavy loss to the committee when attitude toward the dissenters on Vietnam. deterioration in service. Despite self-serving a stroke felled him in 1962. "A land in which each person can bear surveys performed by the post office which Much is made, and rightly so, of Judge to dream his dreams, not in fear, but in indicate that Americans are satisfied with Saund's unique record as the first native hope." This means law enforcement but it mail service, the average user of the mails of India to win elective office in the also means giving every American .a stake is highly dissatisfied. United States. We can say even more in the preservation of the law. Property and It might be fun to do this, to let the pow- 16026 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 16, 1973 ers that be (the average postal employee is changes-making him ineliglble before the task, especially on a fully effective basis. nearly as unhappy with the situation as the expiration date on the card, the client is public) now that the great unwashed mob expected to return the card. TA/A singled out H.R. 1040 for particu­ out there in the sticks is less than over­ If he d.oes not, and subsequently uses the lar attention because they regard it as joyed with the mails. card, the State Department of Health and the most comprehensive tax bill intro­ Social Services will honor the claim anyway duced in the 93d Congress. Their esti­ under what it calls a "good faith" arrange­ mating staff, Thomas F. Leahey, Gerard WELFARE SCANDAL-XXI ment-despite the county's claim that the M. Brannon, and Samuel H. Black have client will be responsible for medical ex­ my highest regard. Their interest and penses. efforts are most commendable. HON. VERNON W. THOMSON Under this arrangement, invalid cards are OF WISCONSIN I suggest to my colleagues a glance at honored if the expiration date on the card the estimates for three particular sec­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES would make it appear that the card is still valid. tions which I have continually cited as Wednesday, May 16, 1973 According to the credit manager of one extreme tax-shelter loopholes: The in­ Mr. THOMSON of Wisconsin. Mr. Milwaukee hospital, there are months in vestment credit, the asset depreciation Speaker, medicaid consumes many Fed­ which these "good faith" payments range range, and the deduction for deprecia­ eral tax dollars every year. Do we know from $3,000 to $5,00Q--for that hospital alone. tion on rental real estate. Under the He said the hospital averages about three TA/A's estimates, the current revenue how well these dollars are being spent? claims a month that end up being paid under An investigation conducted this spring the "good faith" arrangement and he showed . loss in these three sections is $3.5 bil­ by the Milwaukee Sentinel indicates that reporters records indicating that single oases lion, $4.2 billion, and $3 billion, respec­ local controls over the use of medicaid have resulted in payments of nearly $1,700. tively, or a total loss of $10.7 billion. cards are lax and ineffective in prevent­ Murphy cited figures that showed pay­ These unwarranted loopholes alone re­ ing wholesale abuse. ments have been considerably less than that flect a loss of Federal revenue that is un­ Add this to the growing list of tech­ in recent months, with payments ranging acceptable, inequitable, and economically from $145 to $700 a month statewide. unproductive. niques used by those engaged in sys­ Technically, anyone who uses a Title 19 tematic welfare fraud and you have an card after he knows it to be invalid is com­ To anyone interested in supporting the . impressive argument for immediate re­ mitting fraud, the Sher11I's Department reform of our tax laws toward the ob­ form of our system of public welfare. Fraud Squad said. jectives of H.R. 1040, I commend a care­ The Milwaukee County Welfare De­ But a fraud squad deputy said that few ful study of the TA/ A's analysis, with partment is planning to tighten its pro­ cases are brought to the attention of the special attention to the footnote section. cedures to prevent abuse of use of medic­ squad. The entire analysis is reprinted as fol­ Because of a large backlog of welfare fraud lows: aid cards. The lesson should not be lost cases, those Title 19 cases that are steered on other jurisdictions or on other aspects to the squad generally don't receive prompt A REVENUE ANALYSIS OF H.R. 1040 of the welfare programs administered in attention, he said. The Tax Equity Act of 1973 (H.R. 1040) ls Milwaukee. I hope the lesson will not There are other abuses of Title 19 cards designed, according to its chief sponsor, be lost on Congress. The article follows: that the squad has handled. James c. Corman, D-Calif., "to obtain a A common misuse, said one deputy, 1s more equitable federal tax structure, to pro­ ExPmED MEDICAID CARDS USED BY SOME vide a more evenhanded system by which CLIENTS the "borrowing" of a recipient's card by someone not eligible for medical ald. the American buflinessman or individual in­ (By Gene Cunningham and Stuart Wilk) The cards have no picture identification vestor can invest his capital, and to supply Some welfare clients are able to use can­ and is relatively easy for someone to ,bor­ new and suftlcient revenue to meet the costs celed Title 19 Medicaid cards to obtain free row a card and obtain medicine or medical of public needs." It is the most comprehen­ medical servl~es because the Milwaukee care, the deputy said. sive tax blll introduced in the 93d Congress County Welfare Department is not recover­ Another abuse is the "overuse" of Title 19 by a member of the Ways and Means Com­ ing the cards after they have been canceled. cards. Some recipients go to hospital emer­ mittee. To date, 52 co-sponsors have joined When a client is no longer eligible for gency rooms with a common headache to get with Rep. Corman. Title 19 Medicaid, it is the welfare depart­ "free" aspirin-although it costs taxpayers The most important changes the bill would ment's responsibility to recover h1s ID card, $10 for an emergency room visit for the re­ make are to tax capital gains as ordinary in­ said John Murphy, director of the Bureau cipient. come and to repeal most tax subsidies. Be­ of Medical Services, Division of Family Serv­ Within a few months, the welfare depart­ hind these changes lie two crucial assump­ ices, State Department of Health and So­ ment is planning to switch to a system tions: income should receive the same tax cial Servi~es. whereby Title 19 cards will be issued monthly treatment no matter how it is derived; and "The manual instructs the county to re­ instead of once every six months or once a the tax code is not a good way to stimulate, cover the ID card," Murphy said. "They have year. and should not be used to stimulate, in­ to get them whatever way they can, but they It is expected that the monthly system wm dustrial activity. have to get them back." cut down on some Title 19 abuses. In the capital gains field, the bill would cut The welfare department here does not "The whole system will be computerized," taxes on gains when the assets had been held know how many canceled Title 19 cards are Pokorny said. "That wm help a lot. We need a long time, in an attempt to minimize the still in circulation because it does not keep that." effects of inflation; Tax A/A estimates that a record of those that are not returned after this attempt would restore most of the tax they are canceled. preference to the capital gains area. Repeal­ Its only attempt to obte.in the can~eled ing capital gains is perhaps the easiest way cards is to send a form letter to the client THE REVENUE ANALYSIS OF H.R. to simplify the tax law, much of which is asking him to return the card in a self­ 1040, THE TAX EQUITY ACT OF concerned with turning ordinary income into addressed envelope that is enclosed. 1973 gains. The letter asks the client to "please send The bill would repeal the classic tax sub­ back your yellow medical assistance card." sidies to industry, such as the depletion al­ And it warns that should the card be used HON. JAMES C. CORMAN lowances for oil and minerals, bank debt re­ "you will be commiting fraud, which is pun­ OF CALIFORNIA serve deductions, and deferred taxation of foreign income. It would repeal two of the ishable by law. In addition, any medical bills IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES you would run up by using the oord must be tax st imuli in the 1971 Act: the investment paid by you." Wednesday, May 16, 1973 credit and ADR. The bill also makes some "Cards very often do not come in" after Mr. CORMAN. Mr. Speaker, tax ana­ important depreciation changes, forbidding the form letter is sent, said Frank Pokorny, the use of accelerated depreciation unless it financial assistance supervi,sor at the depart­ lysts and advocates, a Washington-based is used also for all non-tax purposes; and ment. "If the recipient doesn't return the group devoted to analyzing tax bills in­ limiting realt.y depreciation to the titlehold­ card, there is no followup." troduced in the Congress-also serving er's equity. Pokorny said he had "no idea how many as a public interest tax law firm-has With respect to individual taxes, the bill cards don't come in. Records aren't kept on included in its May 14 weekly publica­ would cut the maximum rate to 50 %; end that. I'd have no way of knowing." tion, Tax Notes, the revenue analysis of the exempt status of new municipal bonds; Title 19 cards are automatically sta.mped H.R. 1040, the Tax Equity Act of 1973. and substitute an adjustable credit for most with an expiration of six months from the personal deductions. time the card is issued in Aid to Families with Revenue estimates are of major con­ Following is an analysis by T A/A of the Dependent Children and general assistance sideration in any comprehensive tax re­ revenue impact of the bill. Estimates were cases. form proposal, especially in one that made by Thomas F . Leahey, TA/ A consultant In adult categories of aid-atd to the aged, purports about $20 billion a year in addi­ and former chief of the revenue estimating blind and disabled-the expiration date is tional Federal revenue. staff at Treasury; Samuel H. Black, staff one year from the time the card is issued. Given the complexities of the Tax attorney; and Gerard M. Brannon, TA/A di­ But if a client's financial situation Code, estimating revenues is not a simple rector of tax research: May 16, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16027

REVENUE ESTIMATES, CORMAN BILL (H.R. 1040, 93D CONGRESS) (In millions of dollars!

Section Corporation Individual Total1 Section Corporation Individual Total1

TITLE I-CAPITAL GAINS AND lOSSES 403 Depreciation deduction not to exceed book depreciation ______8 ( +2. 500) ______8 (+2. 500) 101 Repeal of alternative tax on capital gains _____ +550 +100 +650 404 Deduction for repairs limited to amount re- (2) corded on books ______102(a) Increase basis of capital assets for inflation ___ (2) 3-5,000 (8)_ ------(8) (b) Tax capital gains as ordinary income ______(2) <;> 3 +7. 502 405 · limitations on dividends received deductions_ +300 ------+300 103 limitation on deduction of capital losses _____ . 406 Use of appreciated property to redeem stock ___ . . . 104 Capital loss carry backs and carryovers ______<:> -100 -100 407 Recognition of gain on sales in connection with 105 Capital gain and capital loss defined ______0 0 0 certain liquidations_------______106 Nontaxed gains; carryover of basis at death __ -(5) +600 +600 408 Denial of tax-free exchanges in case of invest------107 Taxpatents treatment ______of gain______on ______certain______sales of ment companies ____ ------_-----· ______409 Certainzations transactions ______disqualified as reorgani- TITLE II-INCOME DERIVED FROM 410 Repeal of special treatment of bad debt re- EXTRACTION OF MINERALS serves of financial institutions. ______+500 ------· +500 411 Repeal of deduction tor Western Hemisphere Repeal of percentage depletion ______201 +BOO +150 +950 trade corporations ___ ------__ +75 -----··--·-- +75 202 Deduction of intangible drilling costs and other 412 Taxation of undistributed profits of foreign exploration and development expenditures __ corporations ______+302 ------+30~ 203 Repeal of maximum tax on certain sales of oil 413 Involuntary conversions ____ ------or gas properties ______------414 Computationtax ______of underpayments of estimated 204 I nco me from mineral properties located out- *(6) side the United States ______------TITLE V-REFORMS AFFECTING INDIVID- TITLE 111.-REFORM MEASURES AFFECTING PRIMARILY INDIVIDUALS UALS AND, CORPORATIONS

301 50-percent maximum rate for individuals ___ __ -1,300 -1,300 501 Minimum tax ______------______+2,100 +200 g +2, 300 302 Credit against tax for personal exemptions and 502 Deduction for depreciation based on equity on rental real estate ______non-business deductions ___ ------+3,000 +3. 000 +1,002 +2, ooz +3. ooz 303 Repeal of $100 dividend exclusion ______+300 +300 503 Charitable gifts of appreciated property ______304 limitation on deduction of interest on invest- 504 Capital expenditures in developing fruit or nut ment indebtedness __ ------groves or vineyards ______Elimination of vacation resort house as tax 505 Repeal of tax exemption for ships under 305 shelter ______foreign flag ______Disallowance of expenses attending conven- 506 limitations on foreign tax credit______306 tion outside the United States ______+300 +300 307 Restrict farm deductions taken against non- TITLE VI-ESTATE TAX AMENDMENTS farm i"ncome ______------+250 +250 308 601 Integration of estate tax and gift tax systems ______+402 +402 co:~~~~~~nb~~i~~r-~i~~~-~~~-~r_o!~t~-~~-a-~~~:------602 Estate tax on gifts taking effect at death ______309 Dividend on certain sales of stock ______------603 life insurance included in gross estate ______310 Termination of stock option provisions ______+102 +102 604 Charitable deductions in the case of estate tax ______+200 +200 311 Disallowance of certain double deductions ______312 Tax childrens' income from parent's short- TITLE VII-STATE AND lOCAl term trust______------···-----· +200 +200 OBLIGATIONS 313 Deductible losses of limited partner cannot ex- ceed investment_ ___ -·- ____ ------·------·-· 701 Repeal of exemption for interest on new issues 314 Repeal of exemption for earned income from of State and local bonds ______+2,000 +1. 200 +3. 200 foreign sources ______------·-···---·-·· +100 +100 702 United States to pay 50 percent of interest 315 Underpayments of estimated tax __ ---···------···--··-- . • (G) yield on State and local obligations ______10-3,600 Title IV-REFORM MEASURES AFFECTING PRIMARILY CORPORATIONS Grand totaL _____ ------______NA NA

401 Repeal of investment credit______+2, 900 +600 +3, 500 402 Repeal of asset depreciation range system____ (2) (2) 7+4, 200

1 In making a revenue estimate, it was assumed that no changes were made in the Internal The use of overall averages in making these estimates will undoubtedly maximize the impact Revenue Code except the change proposed in the section of the bill to which the estimate pertains. of the inflation factor. The % offset may thus be an overstat3ment. It is believed, however, that A second assumption underlying the revenue estimates is that the proposal in the relevant section the inflation factor will have a very substantial negative effect on the potential yield from taxing is fully effective. Thus the estimates refer to many different years, and are not strictly comparable. capital gains as ordinary income. There are extreme examples. Sec. 106 will not be fully effective for 1 generation. Sec. 701 might not • Some revenue effect, but less than +or -$50,000,000. be fully effective for 40 years, because some existing tax-free bonds will not mature until that time. 1 Does not apply to this category. These 2 assumptions are among the reasons why the estimates cannot be totaled. See note 11, e This provision may significantly accelerate large estimated tax payments from 1 year to the below. previous year. The effect would be a large revenue gain to Treasury in the previous year, and a 2 No allocation made. large "loss" in the following year. The net effect would be nil, except for small amounts of "in­ a Section 102 of the bill would add to the "tax basis" of an asset 73 percent for each month (4 terest" the Treasury would earn by having the money sooner. These amounts would be less than percent each year) the asset was held after the fist year. The maximum add-on would be 60 percent +$50,000,000. of the original tax basis. 7 Assumes full utilization of ADR. Expectations were that ADR would be fully used. As ADR It is difficult to make an estimate of the revenue cost of this proposal because of our ignorance statistics are being compiled, however, economists are starting to believe that utilization may be as to the makeup of asset portfolios in the future, and because rates of gain and the length of period much less. The Commerce Department, in the national income estimates, is currently assuming held always vary. A principal cause. of var_iation i_n holding periods is economic gro~th . Du!ing about 80 percent utilization. periods when real asset values are mcreasmg rap1dly assets change hands more rapidly. Smce s If business does not use tax depreciation for nontax accounting and stockholder reporting growth cannot be predicted, n_either ca~ hol~ing_ per_iods...... purposes, there will be a substantial increase in revenues from this proposal; the $2,500,000 This analysis examined v~nous p~ss1ble d1stnbut1ons of cap1ta! ga1ns dependmg on the h1stoncal figure would be a maximum. On the other hand, if businesses adopted tax accounting rules for changes in stockmarket pnces, usmg the best source data available to Treasury (unfortunately, other bookkeeping purposes, there would be no revenue gain. these data are about 10 years old). 9 1st year effect. The revenue gain would be reduced as the interest on future issues of State 1 possible assumption is that asset values will grow with GNP (this would follow an approach and local obligations become taxable. used by Gerard M. Brannon, formerly head of the Office of Tax Analysis in Treasury). One might 10 Not a revenue loss, but rather a required appropriation and outlay. This analysis puts the cost expect GNP, under full employment, to grow about 7.5 percent annually (4.5 percent real growth+ of a 50 percent subsidy at greater than the revenue gain from the issuance of taxable bonds. The 3 percent price inflation). The use of 7.5 percent a year could also be supported by the fact that figures in the "total" column are not reached until all tax-free bonds have been retired. this is the average yearly increase in the Standard & Poor Index of 500 stocks !or th.e last 10 years. *These columns of estimates cannot readily be added, for the following reasons: Each estimate This analysis uses the 7.5 percent figure to compute the revenue cost of the Inflation proposal. assumes that only 1 change has been made in the law-the change proposed in the section to Sec. 102(b) adds to the capital gains tax base, then sec. 102(a) subtracts from it. The present which the estimate applies. The estimates apply to the 1st year when the change is fully effective. tax base is half of total gain; the bill would make the base all of total gain, by taking all the gain These years are different in many cases. Certain sections of the bill, notably 102(b), 106, 302, into income. The inflation provision would then subtract an amount from the increased tax base. 502, and 701, will result in multi-billion-dollar increases in individuals' taxable income. Because Specifically, the inflation provision will roll back about% of the increase in the tax base and about the individual tax rates are progressive, the large increases will result in significantly higher %of the initial revenue gain...... marginal tax rates for millions of individuals. This has 2 crucially important 2d-round effects: The estimate assumes that the taxation of cap1tal gams as ordmary mcome would have an (1) the revenue gain from repealing other tax preferences (i.e., those repealed in this bill) will initial gross effect, befo;e taking ~h~ in~ation adjustment into consid~ration, of +$7,5~0,000 be greater-these other preferences would be sheltering income which would be taxable at higher assuming a strong stock market. Th1s IS higher than the most recent published Treasury est1mate rates; and (2) the revenue loss from not repealing any tax preference not in the bill is greater. of +$5,600 000. The higher figure is supported by more recent data, but any one number can only If these effects can be estimated, it would require a great deal of additional analysis. Sec. 301 be a rough' approximation as capital gain income varies greatly from year to year. For example, introduces a rate-limiting 3d-round factor into an effort to arrive at a total. The effect of sec. 301 the amount of capital gains as reported by individuals in 1968 was $18,000,000,000; this was almost is to reduce the gain from all revenue-producing sections of the bill, and reduce the loss from all double the $9,900,000,000 reported in 1966. remaining revenue-losing sections of the Internal Revenue Code. Again, this makes the totalling Starting with $7,500,000,000 as the increase in revenu_e from fu)l taxation of _capit~l gains •. t~at process overly complex. The estimates do not take into account any possible changes in taxpayer revenue increase is reduced by %. The revenue reduct1on resultmg from the mflat10n prov1s1on behavior in response to the tax law changes. Bearing the above problems in mind, it is still possible in the Corman bill is therefore $5,000,000,000. Subtracting this from the initial $7,500,000,000 to arrive at a figure approximating the long-term revenue effects of the bill. It is believed that the revenue increase from taxing capital gains as ordinary income yields a net increase from sec. 102 interacting effects of the various provisions would require cutting from $3,000,000,000 to of $2,500,000,000. $4,000,000,000 from the total of the right-hand column in order to yield a close estimate of total Another way to describe the net effect of sec. 1~2 is to exp)ain that present law offers a J;!l revenue effect. exclusion for long-term gain; sec. 102(b) repe~ls t~1s J;!l exclusiOn; then sec. 102(a) restores, on the average, a 73 exclusion to compensate for mflat1on. 16028 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 16, 1973

GEORGE W. BALL ON OUR FOREIGN a "new isolationism," in spite of much AFI'ER WATERGATE POLICY trendy talk along that line, but that our While clearly useful to say, no such mere government was pursuing something ap­ assertions will by themselves persuade Euro­ proaching an American variant of Gaullism. peans that America's flirtation with Gaull­ HON. CHARLES H. WILSON There was clearly a sense of deja vu, for, like ism was only a holiday fancy. They will be President Nixon, General de Gaulle had also watching how we conduct ourselves from OF CALIFORNIA envisaged, at the heart of world politics, a now on, and, although our future course of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES constellation of mutually balancing powers action cannot be definitively predicted, one to ·supplant the bipolar world of Washington Wednesday, May 16, 1973 element already at work may prove more sig­ and Moscow. Nor was that the only nostalgic nificant than any conscious Presidential de­ Mr. CHARLES H. WILSON of Cali­ resemb1ance; common threads of aloofness cision. That is the efiect of the Watergate fornia. Mr. Speaker, the latest issue of and secrecy characterized both regimes­ disclosures in compelling the White House conditions assuring the flexibility needed to abandon its Gaullist type of aloofness in Newsweek magazine carries a most for a free-form game of balance-of-power stimulating article by George W. Ball favor of a more open and cooperative style of politics. To achieve the requisite maneuvera­ conducting the public business-including concerning President Nixon's foreign bility the President dared not show his hand; our relations with other capitals. policy. He points out that Nixon has not his next moves must be kept concealed not Given the loss of confidence he has suf­ been as innovative as he has claimed, but only from America's allies but also from the fered, no longer will the President be able to has, in fact, merely followed European Amerioan people and even the Congress. administer foreign policy with the authority - precedents of the 1950's and 1960's. Mr. FAITS ACCOMPLIS and secrecy of a dynast, communing only Ball also discusses the effect of the The only way to make this possible was with himself and Dr. Kissinger. From now President's confinement of foreign policy to concentrate the power to act ana. decide on, not only Congress but the American peo­ formulation to a small, secretive elite within the forbidding walls of the White ple must be taken into confidence, which House, while inducing Congress and the peo­ necessarily implies more open exchanges with and suggests the implications of Water­ ple to accept major policy moves not by con­ our allies. Fully exposed to the sunshine, gate in forcing the White House to be sultation in advance but by a series of faits eighteenth-century balance-of-power poli­ more open with the American people and accomplis made palatable through time-hon­ tics-with their traditional apparatus of our allies abroad. In order that all Mem­ ored devices of effective theater-the skillful shifting and reversing alliances-will be bers may benefit from his indepth anal­ use of sur:prise, the grandiloquent announce­ quite unworkable. Indeed, it is even possible ysis, I would now like to insert the en­ ment and the pageantry of well-staged that the State Department will once again tire article into the RECORD. summtt meetings. There has been no better become America's foreign office instead of example of this than the dramatic unveiling merely the repository of menial chores. (From Newsweek, May 21, 1973] of the President's plan to visit China-with GAULLISM, NIXON STYLE? the glamour and color of the television (By George W. Ball) spectacular forestalling and frustrating Contrary to conventional wisdom, the criticism in conservative quarters. AND NOW, FRANCE! principal result of our major foreign-policy Unfortunately, the confinement of all initiatives of the past two years has not been serious foreign-affairs business to a narrow so much to break fresh ground as to expunge White House circle has sharply diminished HON. JOSEPH M. GAYDOS the range of our diplomatic potential by dis­ the aberrations that separated us from the OF PENNSYLVANIA policies of our Western European allies. abling us from dealing with more than one or Thus, in establishing the beginnings of a two major areas at a time. Meanwhile, the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES working relationship with China, we have fact that, throughout the past two years, our Wednesday, May 16, 1973 in large degree merely followed the example efforts and attention have been narrowly of Britain in 1950 and France in 1964. In focused on secret talks with Peking and Mos­ Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, it is good seeking a modus vivendi with the Soviet cow has necessarily excited suspicion and dis­ to learn through newspaper accounts Union, we have repeated the precedents of enchantment throughout European chancel­ that the Treasury Department is investi­ President de Gaulle in 1963 and more re­ leries. Some have seen in our unilateralism­ gating reports that France has been cently of the Bonn government, which con­ our American Gaullism-a danger that the United States might make an accommodation dumping cold-rolled stainless steel sheets cluded a treaty with Moscow three years ago. and strip metal in the U.S. market at In removing restraints on East-West trade, with the Soviet Union at the expense of we have done little more than bring our Western European interests; others have below fair value prices. practices in line with what the Western feared that, in playing an intricate chess Assistant Treasury Secretary Edward European nations have been doing for years. game of balance-of-power politics, Washing­ L. Morgan disclosed that the Depart­ Finally, in ending our active involvement in ton might prefer to deal with a fragmented ment has reasonable cause to believe the Vietnamese civil war-if, in fact, we have Europe and thus be led to undermine the that the dumping has taken place and, conclusively done so-we have undertaken unity so far achieved by the European Community. therefore, is withholding customs ap­ an extrication that France achieved in 1954. praisement of the value of the imported The result is a curious paradox. Though Against this background the President's one might expect that the removal of differ­ designation of 1973 as the "Year of Europe" French steel until its detailed probe is ences through this convergence of policies seemed to some skeptics across the water complete. If the case is proved, then would bring us to a closer understanding more ominous than reassuring, for they read penalties will be in order. with our Western European friends, relations in the slogan little more than that America We are glad the Treasury has become are today mor·e strained and fragile than at was now proposing to demand commercial active not only in this instance, but in any time in the past two decades. and economic concessions in aid of its own ailing balance of payments. others recently where selling at cutrate FIVE EQUAL POWERS It was to silence these suspicions and pre­ was found to be taking place and re­ In large part, this is due to the unilat­ pare the way for fruitful discussions that portedly was stopped. Certainly our laws eral means by which we undertook our that resourceful tactician Professor Kissinger in this matter-the laws aimed at keep­ diplomatic repositioning. First was the launched a vigorous offensive. In what was ing our market from becoming a world's President's failure to consult--or even to in­ proclaimed as a major policy speech, on dumping ground to the detriment of form--Qur alliance partners before announc­ April 23 he called for a "new Atlantic Char­ ing his historic trip to China, and since then American workers and industries--must ter." Then immediately following came the be rigidly enforced. he has continued to play an essentially lone State of the World message and a Kissinger hand. Transacting an impressive volume of press conference. What this frenetic activity Even so, we are disturbed at the diplomwtic business at the summit meeting seemed to denote was a frontal effort to allay charges that France, long considered a in Moscow Last May, he has, in manner at the apprehensions caused by our unllateralist trading partner of good conduct, has got­ least, accorded equal treatment to our allies practices and the President's 111-chosen ref­ ten into the game of trying to take ad­ and adversaries--<>r even treated the Com­ erence to the five "balancing powers." In fac·t, vantage of us in our business relation­ munist powers with greater deference than the State of the World message explicitly re­ our Western friends. Finally-and this has ships. Its steel industry never has been jects the classical concept of balance of considered much of a threat to our own proved the moot disturbing question-did power-with its "continual maneuvering for he reaHy mean to adumbrate a new Ameri­ marginal advantages over others"-as both either here or in other markets. Accord­ can design when he unveiled his famous con­ "unrealistic and dangerous" in "the nuclear ing to the Treasury, imports of French cept of a peaceful world of five equal bal­ era." Meeting the skeptics headon, it cate­ steel amounted to only $9.4 million in ancing powers---'the United States, Europe, gorically insists that, though we deem it 1972, which is not much. the Soviet Union, China and Japan-"each essential to involve the Communist powers And yet, the Treasury has the dump­ balancing the other"? in a common effort of peace, America still ing charges against France and now is What many Europeans deduced from all respeots the "distinctions between friends conducting the necessary investigation. this was not that America had embraced and adversaries." Oan we not trust anybody any more? May 16, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16029 INFLATION AND DELAY tration when the building trades unions Mr. Speaker, the Government of the grabbed more than their share of an allow­ United States has steadfastly supported able pay boost. the right of the Cuban people to leave HON. ROBERT L. F. SIKES It is to allay this fear that business and the Communist regime of Castro to be OF FLORIDA labor have been so receptive to strong gov­ ernment action on wages and prices. with their families here. As Castro con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Again, the timing may not have been right tinues to spew his lies about the United Wednesday, May 16, 1973 this past week for Mr. Nixon again to show States throughout this hemisphere, let a strong activist hand in controlling the us continue our dedication to the oppor­ Mr. SIKES. Mr. Speaker, the Christian economy. tunity for self determination for Cubans Science Monitor in its May 10, issue And one would not want Watergate to who would regretfully leave their home­ provided a broad and comprehensive spur the President into precipitate action. land in order to be free. view of the continuing problem of in­ The case for heading off another boom and In order to substantiate the above, I flation and the need for stronger correc­ bust cycle must be made on economic grounds, not for its usefulness as a political will read a letter addressed to me by tive action. I submit it for reprinting diversionary tactic nor merely to keep intact Marshall Wright, acting assistant secre­ in the RECORD: the vital functions of the presidency. tary for congressional relations: INFLATION AND DELAY But the overheating economy, resurging in­ APRIL 13, 1973. Mr. Nixon's economic moves of the past flation, the restiveness of labor leadership, Hon. BILL CHAPPELL, JR., week-a price-rise delay lever for the 650 make case enough that the time for presi­ House of Representatives, largest corporations, and a mostly stand-pat dential action is soon. Washington, D.C. "tax reform" proposal-show the administra­ DEAR MR. CHAPPELL: As you requested, I tion is not yet ready to attack America's am happy to provide information on the escalating inflation. THE CUBAN REFUGEE AIRLIFT termination of the Cuban refugee airlift. Mr. Nixon could have used either the wage­ As you know we had expected the eventual price or tax reform occasions to take more termination of the airlift since August 1971 decisive anti-inflation steps. But instead of HON. BILL CHAPPELL, JR. when the Cuban Government informed us a freeze or roll-back or comprehensive price OF FLORIDA that it would continue only long enough to boost screen, he opted for a prenotification IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES permit departure of the final groups of per­ plan that could permit the administration sons then being processed. Thereafter the to buy time against further big company Wednesday, May 16, 1973 airlift operated on an increasingly sporadic price rises-if the adminsitration chooses to Mr. CHAPPELL. Mr. Speaker, in view basis with lengthening intervals between delay the price boosts. And in the area of of the repeated propaganda attempts by series of flights. taxes, the administration did not suggest After the Cuban Government had commu­ anything like a tax increase or a repeal of the Communist regime in Cuba toques­ nicated its intention to end the airlift the the investment tax credit. These would have tion the support of the United States re­ Department spokesman stated on August 31, sopped up buying power or curbed industrial garding the Cuban refugee airlift, I think 1971 that "the United States reaffirmed to expansion. it is well for all of us to review the role the Cuban Government through the Swiss Instead, the administration is keeping for of the U.S. Government in offering con­ Embassy in Havana our continuing commit­ the moment to its fam111ar theme that a tinual support for this vital mission. ment to the terms of the Memorandum of holddown on the federal budget in Congress The State Department expected the Understanding which dates back to Novem­ is the best way to discipline the economy. ber 6, 1965---the Memorandum of Under­ The problem is that the budget is being eventual termination of the airlift since standing covering the movement of Cubans held down, that government revenues are August 1971, when the Cuban Govern­ to the United States on the airlift, and urged higher than were anticipated, and still in­ ment informed us that it would only con­ the Cuban Government to permit the airlift flation is getting out of hand. It may be true tinue long enough to permit departure to continue until all those Cubans who have that food prices are not climbing as sharply. of the final groups of persons then being asked to be reunited with their famllies in But industrial goods prices have taken up processed. Thereafter, the airlift operated the United States have left Cuba on the air­ where the food spurt may be tapering off. on an increasingly sporadic basis with lift, including those whose names were sub­ And if the trend continues, the United States mitted by relatives in the United States." may find itself enjoying a boom through lengthening intervals between series of The Department since then reaffirmed thiS much of this year, but a boom that will put flights. position on numerous occasions to the Cuban heavy demands on materials and labor re­ After the Cuban Government had com­ Government. sources. If demand keeps pushing prices up, municated its intention to end the air­ Although the airlift was extended on a then labor, which has been keeping its settle­ lift, a State Department spokesman piecemeal basis for a longer period than we ments near the 7 percent guideline, will stated on August 31, 1971, that- had anticipated in 1971, the Cuban Govern­ break ranks and seek pay boosts to offset the The United States reaffirmed to the Cuban ment finally informed us that the series of shrinking paycheck. And the United States government through the Swiss Embassy in airlift flights to take place from March 26 would be where it was in August of 19'(1 Havana our continuing commitment to the to April 6 of this year would transport all when Mr. Nixon threw the thunderbolt wage­ terms of the Memorandum of Understand­ of the remaining persons that it was prepared price freeze. ing which dates back to November 6, 1965--­ to authorize for the airlift. It is hard to know how much of Mr. Nixon's the Memorandum of Understanding cover­ I think you wm appreciate that the de­ timing is being influenced by his economic ing the movement of Cubans to the United cision finally to terminate the airlift on philosophy and how much by the immediate States on the airlift, and urged the Cuban April 6 was made by the Cuban Government political ramifications of Watergate. government to permit the airlift to con­ for its own reasons which escape our control. At the moment the two may be working ti'nue until all those Cubans who have asked Our own willingness to maintain the airlift together for delay. to be reunited with their fam111es in the was and is well-known to the Cuban Mr. Nixon and his key economic aide, United States have left Cuba on the airlift, authorities. George Shultz, dislike controls. With busi­ including those whose names were submitted I trust that this information has been ness registering healthy profits and plan­ by relatives in the United States. responsive to your request. However, if you ning robust expansion this year and next, have any further questions, please let us the surface signs are comfortable for the ad­ The Department since then reaffirmed know. ministration: expansion, even with infla­ this position on numerous occasions to Sincerely yours, tion, is politically safer than putting screws t,he Cuban Government. MARSHALL WRIGHT, on the economy through credit tightening, Although the airlift was extended on a Acting Assistant Secretary for Con­ higher unemployment, and threatened reces­ piecemeal basis for a longer period than gressional Relations. sion. If things turn worse for the President on Watergate, he may want to lay a bold anticipated in 1971, the Cuban Govern­ hand on the economy as a demonstration of ment finally informed us that the series MINNESOTA ABORTION active presidential authority. The moment of airlift flights to take place from March RESOLUTION for such an assertive move, with the lines of 26 to April 6 of this year would trans­ command in his administration still con­ port all of the remaining persons that it fused and the full impact of Watergate still was prepared to authorize for the airlift. HON. JOHN M. ZWACH unplumbed, is not yet. In one sense, the current expansion should The decision to terminate the airlift OF MINNESOTA on April 6 was made by the Cuban Gov­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES be reassuring for Americans. A degree of ex­ ernment for its own reasons which escape pansion should be considered the norm. And Wednesday, May 16, 1973 yet there is widespread fear that the expan­ our control. The willingness of the United sion could be soured by selfish overreaching, States to maintain the airlift was and Mr. ZW ACH. Mr. Speaker, several as happened earlier in the Nixon adminis- is well-known to the Cuban authorities. Members of Congress, including myself, 16030 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 16, 1973 have introduced right to life amend­ THE POWELL AFFAIR: FREEDOM MINUS ONE students of American government, Andy ments to the Constitution of the United (By Andy Jacobs, Indianapolis: Bobbs-Mer­ Jacobs of Indiana, then a congressman, was States. rill Co.) appointed to this committee and-at a On May 8, the Legislature of the State The Powell Affair, by former Representative friend's suggestion-kept a detailed diary of of Minnesota, in support of our congres­ Andy Jacobs (D-Indiana), is an exceptional the ensuing inquest. Published as "The sional efforts, passed H.F. 479, Resolu­ book. Jacobs was a member of the nine-man Powell Affair: Freedom Minus One" (Hobbs­ tion No.5 memorializing the Congress of Select Committee appointed in 1967 to in­ Merrill), it is one of the most fascinating the United States to propose a constitu­ vestigate the right of Adam Clayton Powell inside views of Congress at work that I have (D-New York) to take his seat in the House ever read. tional amendment offering and protect­ of Representatives. The Committee was The House Select Committee, lacking prec­ ing the value of human life. chaireU. by Emanuel Celler (D-New York), edents, was completely at sea as to what Mr. Speaker, with your permission, venerable chairman of the House Committee procedures to follow. For example, what form and for the enlightenment of the other on the Judiciary, and had only five weeks in should be followed in requesting Powell to Members of Congress, I am inserting which to complete its study and produce testify? When the letter was prepared, the Minnesota House File 479, Resolution recommendations for House action. committee's counsel noted that "in the sec­ No. 5, in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD at Jacobs tells the story of the Committee's ond paragraph the word 'summon' is used. tortured deliberations-from the day Speaker This is a word stronger than 'invite' but not this point: McCormack asked him to serve to March 1 so strong as the issuance of a subpoena." One H.F. No. 479-RESOLUTION No. 5 when the House rejected the Committee re­ member immediately argued that the word A resolution memorializing the Congress of port and excluded Powell from membership summon "will sound to the public like an the United States to propose a constitu­ in the House. The detau he has provided 1.s order to appear. Then if Powell should refuse tional amendment affirming and protect­ important in itself since any effort to de­ it would seem an illegal act." He preferred ing the value of human life fine misconduct is logically an exercise in "invite," and "invite" it was. At another Whereas, the United States Supreme Court determining the limits of behavior for all point someone suggested that Powell, who has recently put on the United States Con­ members. No doubt his account will be relied was putting on quite a performance offstage. stitution a construction that is contradic­ on by some future Congress when simliar might go to the Supreme Court and get an tory to the convictions of the people of the questions arise. injunction. Chairman Emanuel Celler said in Of more immediate significance, however, that case he would move to impeach the Su­ United States about the value of human life; preme Court! now, therefore, is the fact that Jacobs has succeeded in Be it resolved, by the Legislature of the showing the layman much about how Con­ Without recapitulating the details, the State of Minnesota that the Congress of the gress works. One learns a great deal about Select Committee eventually recommended United States should speedily propose to the interpersonal relationships, the power o-f the unanimously that Powell be seated; be cen­ states for their ratification an amendment chairman, how difficult it is just to get the sured and condemned for gross misconduct; to the United States Constitution substan­ problem defined, the importance of proce­ be fined $40,000 for his sins and be stripped tially in the following form: dure, the diverse demands on the member's of his seniority. On March 1, 1967, this rec­ ommendation went to the full House for "Article-- time, the important role of the staff, the pull of one's political party-in short, the decision. SECTION 1. No person shall be deprived of "stuff" that makes up politics in the House By coincidence I happened to be with Mar­ life, liberty, or property, from conception of Representatives. Though all told from the vin Watson and President Johnson in the until natural death without due process of perspective of a .1unior Democratic congress­ Oval Office when the committee's judgment law, nor denied the equal protection of the man, Jacobs seeks to understand how his came in on the ticker. The president read it. laws; provided that this article shall not colleagues on the Committee see the issue. nodded his head sadly, and said, "They're prevent medical operations necessary to save He is considerably less patient with the Re­ going to throw him out." "Even though the the life of a mother. publican leadership, which sought Powell's committee (of five Democrats and four Re­ SEc. 2. The Congress and the several states exclusion from the first. publicans) was unanimous?" I asked. shall have concurrent power to enforce this The book is very easy reading and should "Johnnie," he replied, "they are tasting blood. article by appropriate legislation." find a wide audience. I personally found it and once they get the flavor, they're not Be it further resolved, that the Secretary difficult to lay aside. I would expect it to be going to stop till the last drop is gone." of State of the State of Minnesota transmit used widely in the classroom-both in intro­ He was right. By a vote of 222-202 the com­ copies of this resolution to the Speaker of ductory American government courses and mittee's recommendations were rejected and the United States House of Representatives, those treating the legislative process. Jacobs the governor of New York was notified that the president of the United States Senate, the includes the relevant documents in appen­ Powell's seat was vacant. chairmen of the Judiciary Committees of the dices. Powell won the special election, and went Uni~ed States House of Representatives and CHARLES 0. JONES, to court to get a ruling on the legality of his Senate and the Minnesota Representatives University of Pittsburgh. being barred from taking his seat. He was and Senators in Congress. again elected in 1968, and in 1969 the su­ preme Court ruled 7-1 that the House had [From the Houston Chronicle, Apr. 21, 1973] acted unconstitutionally in excluding him. (By John P. Roche) His triumph was short-lived, though of im­ FORMER MEMBER ANDY JACOBS' In 1967 the House of Representatives car­ mense symbolic importance. He was defeated BOOK REVIEWED ried out one of the most spectacularly un­ in 1970, but the point was made-one hopes constitutional acts in this history of the re­ once and for all-that the people of the public: It refused to seat a duly elected United States choose their representatives,.. member of Congress on the ground that his that the Congress is not a private club. HON. BARBARA JORDAN personal life and business ethics made him OF TEXAS unfit for membership. The representative was, o,f course, Adam IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Clayton Powell from Harlem-a talented, FOOD STAMPS FOR STRIKERS Wednesday, May 16, 1973 star-crossed Negro who had long offended the Southern barons by his refusal to say Ms. JORDAN. Mr. Speaker, a former "Yes, Massa." His life-style, combined with Member of this body, Andy Jacobs, his power s.s chairman of the House Com­ HON. WILMER MIZELL Democrat, of Indiana, has written a very Inittee on Education and Labor, had built OF NORTH CAROLINA up a legion of enemies. (Powell died April 4 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES poignant book titled, "The Powell Affair: 1972.) , Tuesday, May 15, 1973 Freedom Minus One." The legality or illegality of some of Powell's The book is a detailed case study of transactions is not the issue-there is no Mr. MIZELL. Mr. Speaker, I rise to the inquiry of the select committee which doubt about his casual approach to certain join the distinguished gentleman from investigated the right of Adam Clayton articles in the criminal code. The point is that the House of Representatives is not a Alabama (Mr. DICKINSON) and several Powell to be seated in the House of Rep­ court of law. When a representative appears of my other colleagues in this very resentatives. to be sworn in, the only relevant question is worthwhile effort to focus the attention This book presents valuable informa­ the legality of his election. But in Powell's of the Congress and of the American tion for students of congressional com­ case, the House chose to sit as judge, prosecu­ people on a serious abuse of the Federal mittee deliberations. tor and jury on his personal characteristics. Govemment's food stamp program. I would like, at this point, to share two It began when the House passed a resolu­ Most of us can cite isolated individual recent reviews of "The Powell Affair: tion barring Powell from his seat pending in­ instances of abuse in this program, but Freedom Minus One" with my colleagues: vestigation and recommendation by the the subject for consideration today goes House Select Committee. Fortunately for far beyond the need to tighten up the May 16, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16031 administration of the program to pre­ for the oppressed in this Nation and the Klan; the house burned to the ground, vent these examples of fraud and excess throughout the world. while white police and firemen looked on. arid mismanagement. I now submit for the collective interest The memory of that night stayed with Mal­ The subject today is the systematic, colm from childhood-that and the pictures of this body, an article by Robert Penn his father showed him of Marcus Garvey "rid­ authorized abuse of the program by the Warren that appeared in the Yale Re­ ing in a fine car, a big black man dressed in Nation's labor unions-the provision of view of December 1966 entitled, "Malcolm a dazzling uniform with gold braid on it, and food stamps to workers on strike against X: Mission and Meaning": he was wearing a thrilling hat with tall their employer. MALCOLM X: MISSION AND MEANING plumes," and the Garveyite meetings at I have been concerned for a long time (By Robert Penn Warren) which his father presided and which always ended With the exhortation, "Up, you mighty about the continuing policy of permit­ James Farmer, lately the National Director ting food stamps for strikers. As my race, you can accomplish what you will!" The of the Committee of Racial Equality, has people would chant these words after Mal­ colleagues have pointed out today, this called Malcolm X a "very simple man." Elijah colm's father. policy has resulted time after time, and Poole, better known to the Black Muslims as To complete the picture of the prepara­ with increasing frequency, in longer and Muhammad and, indeed, as Allah, called him tion of the hero for his mission, his father, longer strikes-often at considerable cost a "star gone astray." An editorial writer of who had seen two brothers killed by white to the Nation's economy. the Saturday Evening Post put it: "If Mal­ men and a third lynched, was found, one This policy seriously undermines the colm X were not a Negro, his autobiography night, on a streetcar track, with skull would be little more than a journal of ab­ crushed and body cut almost across. Negroes labor-management arbitration process, normal psychology, the story of a burglar, in that it places the Federal Government in Lansing-and the son all his life-be­ dope pusher, addict and jailbird-with a lieved that he had been attacked by white on side against the other by providing a family history of insanity-who acquires men, and then laid on the track. Malcolm direct Federal subsidy to labor unions messianic delusions and sets forth to preach always believed that he, too, would meet a at the expense of the companies and of an upsidedown religion of 'brotherly' hatred." violent death. When he first became aware the American people. Carl Rowan, a Negro, lately the director of the of the long stalk, which was to end in gun­ This policy is neither fair nor respon­ United States Information Service, substan­ fire in the Audubon Ballroom, Malcolm might tially agreed with that editorial writer when accep·t it then, as a fulfillment of old omens sible, and I have sponsored legislation he said, in an interview after Malcolm's assas­ in the 91st, 92d, and 93d Congresses and institutions. sination, tha.t he was "an ex-convict, ex-dope In spite of the powerful image of the to ban the issuance of food stamps to peddler who became a racial fanatic." An­ father, the pictures of Garvey in uniform, and workers on strike. other editorial writer, that of the Daily Times the tales of. black kings, Malcolm's early I would like 1973 to be the year when of Lagos, Nigeria, called him a martyr. notion of Africa was still one "of naked the Congress corrects this inequitable Malcolm X may have been, in varying per­ savages, cannibals, monkeys and tigers and situation. With the interest and concern spectives, all these things. But he was also steaming jungles." He says that he never being demonstrated here today for this something else. He was a latter-day example understood why. But that statement must be of an old-fashioned type of American cele­ an example, in a form more bland than problem, there is reason to hope that brated in grammar school readers, commence­ this will, indeed, be the year we set the usual, of his irony, for a large part of his ment addresses, and speeches at Rotary Club autobiography (The Autobiography of Mal­ matter aright. lunches-the man who "makes it,'' the man colm X, with the assistance of Alex Haley, who, from humble origins and with meager New York City: The Grove Press, 1966) is education, converts, by will, intelligence, and devoted to explaining why-that is, by the ·sterling character, his liabUities into assets. white man's "brain-washing"; and then ex­ MALCOLM X REMEMBERED Malcolm X was of that breed of Americans, plaining how, step by step, he came to the autodidacts and homemade successes, that vision of another Africa, and of another self, has included Benjamin Franklin, Abraham different from the hustler, pimp, dope-addict, Lincoln, P. T. Barnum, Charles A. Edison, dope-pusher, burglar, and, by his own ac­ HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL Booker T. Washington, Mark Twain, Henry count, generally degraded and vice-ridden OF NEW YORK Ford, a:n,d the Wright brothers. Malcolm X creature known as "Satan," who, in 1948, in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES would look back on his beginnings and, in Concord Prison, in Massachusetts, heard, in innocent joy, marvel at the distance he had a letter from his brother Philbert, of the Wednesday, May 16, 1973 come. "natural religion for the black man." The Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, this Sat­ But in Malcolm X the old Horatio Alger religion was called the "Nation of Islam." urday, May 19, 1973, will be the 48th an­ story is crossed, as has often been the case, This autobiography is "told" to Alex Haley, with another typical American story. America a Negro, a retired twenty-year man of the niversary of the birth of Malcolm X. has been prodigally fruitful of hot-gospel­ Coast Guard turned journalist. From 1963 up Now some 8 years since his assassina­ lers and prophets-from Dr. Graham and his to the assassination, Haley saw Malcolm for tion, Malcolm X is remembered in differ­ breed, Amelia Bloomer and her bloomers, almost dally sessions when Malcolm was in ent ways by different people. To some, he Emerson and the OversouJ, and Brigham New York, and sometimes accompanied him is remembered as a racist radical or a Young, on to F. D. R. an:i the current on his trips. Haley's account of this period, revolutionary. Most of us in the black Graham, Billy. Furthermore, to round out of how he slowly gained Malcolm's con­ community remember him as a forceful his American story and insure his fame, Mal­ fidence and how Malcolm himself discovered colm X, like John Brown, Abraham Lincoln, the need to tell his story, is extremely inter­ and visionary leader of black America. Joseph Smith (the founder of Mormonism), esting and, though presented as an Epilogue, The important fact is not how he is re­ and. John Fitzgerald Kennedy, along with a is an integral part of the book; but the main membered, but that he is remembered. host of lesser prophets, crowned his mission narrative has the advantage of Malcolm's For whatever one's feelings are toward with martyrdom. Malcolm X fulfills, it would tone, his characteristic movement of mind, Malcolm X, one basic belief must come seem, all the requirements-success against and his wit, for Haley has succeeded admir­ through. Malcolm vocalized and inter­ odds, the role of prophet, and martyrdom­ ably in capturing these qualities, as can be for inclusion in the American pantheon. checked by the recollection of Malcolm's TV preted the deepest feelings of black Malcolm Little, who was to become Mal­ America. By confronting all of America appearances and conversation and by his colm X and El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz, was taped speeches (Malcolm X Speaks: Selected with the stark and uncompromising born in Omaha, Nebraska, on May ,19, 1925. Speeches and Statements, edited by George black state of mind, Malcolm led our All omens were right, and all his background. Breitman, New York: Merit Publishers, 1966). Nation in the direction of honesty and He was the seventh child of his father. One The Autobiography and the speeches are an racial justice. night during the pregnancy of his mother, extraordinary record of an extraordinary Malcolm X had his greatest effect on, hooded Ku Klux Klansmen, mounted and man. They are, among other things, a record and was, in turn, most greatly affected brandishing rifles and shotguns, surrounded that may show a white man (or some Ne­ by, the people and personality of Harlem. the house, calling for the father to come out; groes, for Malcolm would say that many Ne­ Malcolm spent much of his life in this the mother faced them down and persuaded groes do not know the nature of their own them of the f.act that her husband was not experience) what it means to be a Negro in community hustling here, preaching America, in this century, or at least what it here, leading here, and eventually mur­ at home. The mother, a West Indian who looked white, was ashamed, not proud, of the so dramatically meant to one man of unusual dered here. intelligence and powerful personality. Being white blood. The father, a Baptist preacher, a Negro meant being "black"--even if black I join with my colleagues in Congress, was a mllitant follower of Marcus Garvey, York was no more than a metaphor !or Malcolm, fellow residents of Harlem and New a~d this was to lead to another attack on the who was himself "marigny," a dull yellowish City, and Americans everywhere in re­ Little home, in 1929, in Lansing, Michigan, skin, pale enough to freckle, pale eyes, hair membering Malcolm X, and rededicating this time by the Black Legion, which except reddish-coppery. He had been "Detroit Red" ourselves to achieving his goal: freedom for black robes was indistinguishable !rom in his hustling days. 16032 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 16, 1973 To be black, metaphorically or literally, Muhammad to reinstate his brother Reginald, ties, and the murderous delusions. He was meant, according to Malcolm, to wear a suspended as a Muslim for "improper rela­ trying, as it were, to locate the truth that badge of shame which was so mystically and tions" with the secretary of the New York had saved him, and divest it of the irrelevan­ deeply accepted that all the practical injus­ Temple. That night he spent in desperate cies. tices the white world might visit upon the prayer. The next night he woke up and saw In the end, he might have come to regard black would seem only a kind of inverted jus­ a man sitting, there in the cell, in a chair by the religion that, after his break w.ith the tice, necessary in the very nature of things, him. "He had on a dark suit, I remember. I Black Muslims, he had found in Mecca as the working out of a curse. The black man could see him as plainly as I see anyone I an irrelevancy, too. Certainly, just before his had no history, no country, no identity; he look at. He wasn't black, and he wasn't white. death he could say that his "philosophy" was alienated in time and place; he lived in He was light-brown-skinned, an Asiatic cast was still changing. Perhaps what Mecca gave "self-hate," and being unable to accept of countenance, and he had oily black him, for the time being at least, was the "self," he therefore was willing to accept, hair.... I had no idea whatsoEWer who he respectability, the authority, of the estab­ supine or with random violence, his fate. was. He just sat there. Then suddenly as lished thing. But he might have finally This was the diagnosis of his own plight, he had come, he was gone." The color of the found that authority in himself, for he could as Malcolm learned it from the "Nation of man in the vision is an interesting fact. So speak as a man whose very existence was Islam." is his immobillty and silence. witness to what he said. Something of that As for the cure, wha t he found was the When Malcolm Little came out of prison, purely personal authority comes through in doctrine of the Black Muslims. Th·is involved he was Malcolm X, the "X," according to these books. a history of creation and a metaphysic which the practice of the Black Muslims, standing Malcolm X had, in his last phase, lost the made the black man central and dominant, for the true name lost long ago in Africa to mystique of blackness so important to the and a secular history d), written just after his Hanoi's colony. Audubon Ballroom, on West 166th Street, death: "Dear Daddy, I love you so. 0 dear, The cease-fire agreement concedes to the in Harlem, Malcolm X rose to speak and ut­ 0 dear, I wish you wasn't dead." But en­ Communists everything they wanted. Even tered the ritual greeting, "Asalaikum, broth­ trapment and pathos was not all. He had the terminology is significant: the Royal ers and sisters!" He was immediately cut been bred to danger. When he stepped on Laotian Government emerges as merely "the down by shotgun and revolver fire from as­ the platform that Sunday afternoon, in the Vientiane Government," while the Pathet sassins waiting in the front of the audience. face of odds which he had more shrewdly Lao became "the Pwtriotic Forces"-an At 3:30 at the Columbia-Presbyterian Hos­ estimated than anybody else, he had nerve, ironic title in view of their utter dependence pital, he was pronounced dead. Three men­ confidence, style. He made his last gesture. on the North Vietnamese Army, their total Talmadge Hayer, Norman 3X (Brown), and As one read the Autobiography, one feels subservience to the politburo in Hanoi. Thomas 15X (Johnson)-were arrested in that whatever the historical importance of Equally cynical, though far more impor­ the case and tried for first-degree murder. Malcolm Little, his story has permanence, tant, is the clause dealing with the with­ Thayer denied Black Muslin connections, that it has something of tragic intensity and drawal of foreign troops from Laotian ter­ but Thomas 15X was identified as a member meaning. One feels that it is an American ritory: the U.S. and Thailand are specifical­ and Norman 3X as a lieutenant in the "Fruit story bound to be remembered, to lurk in ly named, but there is no mention of the of Islam"-the bodyguards of Elijah Muham­ the background of popular consciousness, 65,000 North Vietnamese troops operating med. After deliberating for twenty hours a to reappear some day in a novel, on the stage, in the country, who actually outnumber jury found them guilty, and all three were or on the screen. No-the right medium the Royal Laotian Army. given life sentences. might be the ballad. Malcolm was a figure Politically, the agreement in effect guar­ What would have been Malcolm's role had out of the annoymous depth of the folk, and antees the Pathet Lao a 50 per cent, rep­ he lived? Perhaps, as some Negro leaders even now, in a slum bedroom or in the resentation in the new Government when said shortly before his death, he had no real shadowy corner of some bar, fingers may it is formed-in contrast to the 25 per organization, and did not have the talent be tentatively picking the box, and lips cent they received under the Geneva Ac­ to create one. Perhaps his being in motion fumb11ng to frame the words that will mean, cords of 1962. But this is of minor impor­ was only, as some held, a result of confu­ long after our present problems are re­ sion of mind, a groping that could not be tance beside the Inilitary aspect of an ar­ solved and forgotten, the final fame, and rangement which ensures withdrawal from trusted to bring results. Perhaps, as James the final significance. Farmer had put it, Malcolm, for all his talk, the Royal Laotian Government of its main was not an activist; he had managed all protection-American air power. along to be out of harm's way whenever OUT FOR AGGRANDISEMENT harm was brewing, and he was afraid of the What, then, were the pressures that com­ time when he "would have to chirp or get LAOS IS BEING LOST TO HANOI pelled the dedicated neutralist Prime Minis­ off the perch." ter Prince Souvanna Phouma, to sign a But perhaps the new phase of the Negro virtual capitulation to Communism? The Revolution, with the violence of the great HON. ROBERT J. HUBER clue lies almost entirely in the military city slums, might have given him his great OF MICHIGAN situation. Lenin once observed that in any chance. He might have, at last, found himself IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES confrontation it is necessary to ask the in action. He might have found himself com­ question: Who is doing what to whom? In mitted to blind violence, but on the other Wednesday, May 16, 1973 this case there is no doubt of the answer: hand he might have had the power to con­ North Vietnam is invading Laos-and has trol and canalize action and do something to Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, the House was enmeshed in the question last week been doing so for at least 10 years. reduce the danger of the Revolution's degen­ It is a delusion to suppose that Hanoi's erating into random revolt. For, in spite of of whether it ought to permit the Presi­ only interest in Laos is the protection of the all the gospel of intransigence, Malcolm had dent to continue to support Cambodia Ho Chi Minh trails. The North Vietnamese always had a governing idea of a constructive with air strikes. Sometimes, I think that leaders have always regarded themselves as role for the Negro, some notion of a society. we tend to forget that the questions of the heirs to the French, and their main ob­ After all, he had personal force, as no one Cambodia, Laos, and South Vietnam are jective ever since 1945 has been to gain who ever spent as little as ten minutes with all one. For the time being the situation control over the whole French Indo-China. him would have doubted; charisma, to use in South Vietnam is relatively calm, al­ At first their interest in the Pathet Lao the fashionable word, and that to a degree was confined to the provision of arms, money possessed by no other leader except Martin though the buildup by the North Viet­ and advisers. But since 1963 they have in­ Luther King. And he had one great asset namese is ominous. In Cambodia the sit­ creased their military and political control which Martin Luther King does not have: uation is precarious, but the House by to the point where they now maintain, in he was from the lower depths and possessed its action last week expressed a certain addition to their 65,000 troops, their own the authority of one who had both suffered disinterest in the matter. Missing from cadres in the Pathet Lao. and conquered the depths. the subject of recent debates is the little The Americans, in contrast, committed Whatever the future might have held for country of Laos, which, if North Viet­ no ground troops to Laos. Their military him had he lived, his actual role was an im­ contribution was mainly in money, equip­ portant one, and in one sense the importance nam proceeds as it has, will surely be lost ment, training, and-above all-air power; lay in his being rather than his doing. He to North Vietnam rule. at the same time they provided massive funds was a man of passion, depth, and scale-and The following article from the Daily in civil aid programmes. But in neither his personal story is a moving one. There is Telegraph of London is a good summa­ sphere did they try to control the Royal the long struggle. There is the sense of tion of the situatlon and I feel it is worth­ Government-wherein I believe they made desperation and tightening entrapment as, in while reading for my colleagues: a cardinal error. For the injection of vast the last days. Malcolm recognized the di­ [From the London Daily Telegraph, sums of money over a short period into a lemma developing in his situation. The "so­ Apr.l7, 1973] country which had never known wealth in­ called moderate" Civil Rights leaders, he said, evitably produced corruption on a gigantic dodged him as "too militant," and the "so­ HANOI GRABS LAND THAT WAS LAOS scale. called m111tants" dodged him as "too mod­ The events of the past three months have More disastrous in the long run was the erate." Haley reports that he once exclaimed shattered hopes that Laos can remain much effect on the Army. The Lao soldier can fight "They won't let me turn the corner! I'm longer an independent country. Ever since well if properly led, looked after, and paid. caught in a trap!" For there is a trap in the its foundation in the mid-14th century, this Unfortunately promotion was often through story, a real and lethal one. There is the little-known, landlocked kingdom on the family interest, and pay seldom reached the gang of Black Muslims covering his every Middle Mekong, with an area almost the size ordinary soldier. of Britain and a population of some 2¥2 mil­ move in the Statler Hilton at Los Angeles, AI!. paymasters the Americans were in an the mysterious Negro men who tried to get lion, has striven to preserve its identity in his room number at the Hilton in New York the face of encroachment by its stronger impregnable position to put an end to all City, and the sinister telephone call to his neighbors. this corruption, to insist on a purge of the room in the hotel the morning of his death. The phrase "buffer State" might have been civll administration, and-most important There is the bombing of his house, and coined to describe Laos, enclosed by Thailand for the conduct of the war-to turn the despairing anger when the event was widely Burma, Vietnam, China and Cambodia. Army into a properly disciplined force with talcen as a publicity stunt. There is his re­ "When the buffalos fight," runs a Laotian regularly paid troops led by qualifier'. officers. mark to Haley, as he asked to read the proverb, "it is the grass that suffers"; and so But from a misguided fear of appearing 16034 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 16, 1973 to be "colonists" they-or their masters in of class attendance. Their experiences Miss Johnny, a teacher's aide at St. Frances Washington-refused to interfere. proved diverse and rewarding for all of Rome School, said she had really hoped to GOOD BUT FEW concerned. be assigned to a nursery. "I thought I was To provide a. st11fening for the Army the A recent article in the Record, the going to hate it but the first day I went Americans, in consultation with the Royal there the kids started talking to me and they Louisville Archdiocesan newspaper, told really made me feel needed. Now I really like Government, formed the "Irregular" organi­ the story. I would like to bring this ar­ sation. This has been fancifully described as it a lot," she said. "the CIA's secret army." In fact, although ticle to the attention of our colleagues She added that now she frequently visits the Irregulars were paid directly by the by inserting it at this point in the CoN­ St. Thomas-St. Vincent Home on weekends Americans--which meant they actually re­ GRESSIONAL RECORD: because many of her charges from St. Frances ceived their money-they came under the [From the (Louisville) Record, Apr. 26, 1973] live there. Kay Owens, who works at the Louisvllle overall command of the Army and the Amer­ GoOD FEELING icans had only an advisory role in their de­ School for Autistic Children, said she didn't ployment. However, they did have a. say in PRESENTATION STUDENTS TERM VOLUNTEER like it at first because "it was so weird-! promotions, which were consequently made SERVICE REWARDING couldn't get used to talking to children who on merit. (By Ca.ss Harris) didn't understand a word you were saying." These Irregulars--the earliest and most Over 90 per cent of the senior class at Now she has a better understanding of the famous were General Van Pao's Meo in the Presentation Academy skips classes on Mon­ problems, Miss Owens said, adding, "It's been northeast--were organised in "Groupes Mo­ days and Tuesdays-but they aren't playing good experience because I had thought of go­ biles," and were predominantly Laotian­ hookey. ing into special education and it's helped me mainly lowland Lao and Kha. and Mao--al­ Actually the 115 seniors are participating to decide" to do so. though later they were reinforced by Thai in a. two-month Volunteer Service Program. Betty Cambron, who along with Diane volunteers. The girls spend their regular class hours on Waters works at King's Daughters Home for I have watched Irregulars in action. I was these days in a variety of places performing Incurables, said that "the first day I didn't with the Kha of GM 41 in some of the bitter volunteer community-service type jobs. think I was going to make it. I didn't realize fighting around Saravane last January, and The Volunteer Service Program, according they (incurables) existed but when I started I spent 24 hours With the Meo garrison of to Sister of Charity Suzanne Reasbeck, pro­ working there I realized they're people just Bouam Long, an enclave deep in Communist vides the girls the opportunities to offer like me, they have needs that need to be met, Christian service to the community, to gain they need companionship. It makes you feel territory north-east of the Plain of Jars, like someone cares, and that helped me quite which has withstood over four years of siege, actual experience in different fields instead of just "classroom theory," and to evaluate a bit." assault, and daily bombardment by the North Miss Cambron said she has adopted as a Vietnamese Army. I believe that if the Army prospective career fields. Sister Suzanne, a senior teacher, is coordinating the program. special project a blind man who has no legs had more troops like these, and if they had and is considered too old for rehabilitation. artil1ery to match the North Vietnamese, The girls were carefully matched with each organtza,tion, Sister Suzanne said, and in "I'm trying to teach him to be secure in his Souvanna Phouma would not have had to own room, to move in his wheelchair by sign such humllita.ting terms. many cases a person from the organization came to the school to conduct workshops or himself and to do things for himself," she Although the main air effort has been explained. American, the Royal Laotian Air Force has training sessions or just to give the girls background i-nformation. Miss Waters said they also read to the pa­ made a. useful contribution. The pilots of tients, write letters, take them around the their slow, p.iston-engined T28s bombed with The girls go directly to their particular job each Monday and Tuesday. Their work is home, introduce the new patients and often skill, resolution and remarkable accuracy; I "just sit and talk with them." have :flown with a Lao pilot on "Forward Air supervised by a specified person from the or­ ganization who is requested to fill out two "Most of them are so lonely, and when Control" and watched them make their evaluation reports during the two-month you keep them company it makes you feel strikes. I have also flown with a. Lao air­ program. like you're really doing something for some­ crew in a "Spooky" night gunship on a. mis­ The largest number of girls-29-is in­ body that really needs you. It's a feeling of sion in close support of ground troops. There volved with hospital work. Stationed at St. responsibility, too" she said. is nothing wrong with the quality of the La­ Joseph's Infirmary, Children's Hospital, Like Miss Owens Cathy Schroering also otian airmen; but there are not enough of Kosair and Suburban Hospital, they serve feels the program has helped with regard to them and aircraft are obsolete. much as Candy Stripers do, Sister Suzanne her future plans. Presently she and Mary The final American· error was not to insist said. At St. Joseph, for instance, she said, Seadler are working with "classroom train­ on a simultaneous cease-fire in Vietnam and they work on the :floors, in maternity, pediat­ abies" at the Cerebral Palsy School. Laos. When the Americans warned Prince rics and physical therapy, deliver mail, trans­ "I was planning to go on into this field Souvanna Phouma that the bombing in Laos port patients and run errands for them. but I was kind of afraid because I had no would cease, and military support be With­ Eighteen seniors work in a number of Head experience," Miss Schroering explained. drawn, from Feb. 25, he had to take whatever Start programs throughout the city, and 17 "This is really going to be a big help when terms he could get. The result is a situation girls act as teachers' aides at St. Frances of I do go into this field. I think it's more re­ where the North Vietnamese can take over Rome, St. Joseph, Holy Family and St. Gab­ warding than working with normal children. the whole country any time they wish-al­ riel Schools, Sister Suzanne said. It makes you feel important and really though they may think it prudent to delay a Girls who requested to work with retarded needed." while, until the American withdrawal is ir­ children were assigned to the Cerebral Palsy Miss Seadler agreed, adding, "I learned reversible. Then, only pressure from China­ School, the Cerebral Palsy Center, the School that if you really work with them and give a remote possiblllty-is likely to deter them. for Autistic Children. Hazelwood Hospital, time you'll get something in return ... the Msgr. Pitt Learning Center and the Coun­ a feeling like helping somebody, giving some­ cil for the Retarded, Sister Suzanne said. thing more that's not just an ordinary thing At these places the girls mainly assist with to do." PRESENTATION STUDENTS VOLUN­ different types of therapy-physical, recrea­ Denise Glasscock said she has also learned TEER THEm SERVICES tional, musical, industrial and speech. several things in working with groups of Some other seniors who asked to work with black children in the Head Start program at children were assigned to the nursery at St. the Newburg Child Development Center. Thomas-St. Vincent Home, to the Home of "I guess I was prejudiced before but I'm HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI the Innocents, and to the Jewish Home for not any more since I've worked there," she OF KENTUCKY Convalescent Children. explained, adding "also, I understand three­ Other organizations receiving service from year-aids now-! used to think my little IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the seniors include King's Daughters Home brothers were brats." Wednesday, May 16, 1973 for Incurables and the Sister Visitor Program, Sister Suzanne said the program, which where two girls accompany the Sisters on Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, the ladies concludes May 1, has met with enthusiastic visits to poor and elderly persons and help reception on all fronts. Teachers and parents, have done it again. distribute food and clothing. The amazing thing so far, Sister Suzanne both of whom were consulted before the Introducing a new concept in commu­ program was instituted, have praised the nity-service education to supplement said, is that "out of all of the girls we placed program, Sister Suzanne said, and all of the classroom theory, the seniors of Presen­ we haven't had to change any of them," al­ supervisors' first evaluations were highly tlaough some had a little trouble adjusting positive. tation Academy in Louisville, Ky., under at first. the leadership of Sister Suzanne Reas­ "We tried to get them to realize that in But it's the students who seem to be top beck embarked on an ambitious volun­ making a choice of a job you just don't quit boosters of the program. "I think it should've teer service program. after the first day-you have to work it out," started long ago," Miss Johnny summed up. she explained. "You feel like you have more responsib111ty These girls worked in hospitals, Caryn Johnny, Kay Owens and Betty Cam­ than just going to school every day. You schools, and charitable institutions bron were three who didn't really like their get somebody to look up to you and it makes throughout the city 2 days a week in lieu assignments in the beginning. you feel good." May 16, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16035 GEORGE L. PELLETTIERI gooder committees, in the kitchen of Chick THE AMERICAN CHILD CARE and Nella's or in the quiet of his home ap­ DI·SGRACE preciated the quality that set him apart. HON. FRANK THOMPSON, JR. They appreciated them over the years and OF NEW JERSEY they appreciated them even more Wednesday HON. JOHN BRADEMAS when the word came that he was gone. OF INDIANA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES He died on a ship, while attempting tore­ Wednesday, May 16, 1973 cuperate from yet another operation. He IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES died far from the scene of his triumphs. He Wednesday, May 16, 1973 Mr. THOMPSON of New Jersey. Mr. wm be missed and remembered and talked Speaker, it is always a sad thing when about, this hottest of hot-shot lawyers, this Mr. BRADEMAS. Mr. Speaker, I insert society loses one of its great citizens, but gentle, caring, remarkably gifted man. in the RECORD the text of an excellent it is particularly so when that person is article by Maureen Orth, an associate very young. Last week, the city of Tren­ GEORGE'S GoODBY: MUSIC FROM HEART editor at Newsweek magazine, entitled, ton and the State of New Jersey lost one (By Joe Piscione) "The American Child-Care Disgrace." of our outstanding men, George L. Pellet­ Some words defy definition. Take "class" The article, published in the May, 1973, tieri. He was just 39 years old, but had for example. It's part physical. But it's part issue of the journal, "Ms.," is a well in­ his mental, too. It's solid, yet intangible. It's formed analysis of the history of the achieved prominence in early thirties. subtle and it's also obvious. When it's there, George was a graduate of the Law­ you know it. Comprehensive Child Development Bill renceville High School, of Princeton Uni­ It was there at Gruerio's Funeral Home on which was passed by the 92d Congress versity and of the Rutgers Law School. Chestnut Ave. Friday ever,ning. The family but vetoed by President Nixon. Despite ill health almost his whole life, and friends of George L. Pellettleri were there The article follows: he devoted himself to a tremendously to pay their last respects to a man who made SUFFER THE LITTLE CHILDREN-THE AMERICAN demanding and active life helping innu­ the legal profession a work of art. CHILD-CARE DISGRACE merable good causes and literally thou­ But George L. Pellettieri didn't restrict (By Maureen Orth) sands of the poo:t and less fortunate. He his artistry to the courtroom. He carried it "So critical is the matter of early growth that over into all aspects of his life. Finally, he we must make a national commitment to did all of it with his superb legal ability, turned ourt; one last masterpiece-after his characterized by great determination and provide all American children an oppor­ death. tunity for healthy and stimulating de­ goodwill. George was a legend in his own It was all his work Friday night. He'd left velopment during the first five years of time. a letter to be opened after his death, telling life." Richard M. Nixon, the President's I counted George L. Pellettieri as one his family just the way he'd like things done. message establishing the Office of Ohild of my closest friends. He helped me on George L. Pellettieri wanted to go out in style. Development, January, 1969. It was like no viewing Trenton ever has dozens of occasions and was always will­ seen. The crowds began arriving before 5 p.m. "Neither the immediate need nor the desir­ ing to drop everything to go to the rescue and continued to arrive until long after the ability of a national child-development of a constituent in difficulty. Following, scheduled 9 p.m. end of calling hours. program of this character has been dem­ Mr. Speaker, are two highly sensitive and They came in cars or they walked. Then onstrated.... For the federal government unusual newspaper articles from the they stood in line for 20 minutes to pass by to plunge headlong financially into sup­ the body of the man they admired. Politi­ porting child development would commit Trentonian, a leading morning paper in the vast moral authority of the national the form of an editorial, and the other cians, members of the legal fraternity, busi­ ness men, skilled and unskilled laborers-a government to the side of communal ap­ from the Trenton Times, our city's out­ cross-section of humanity came to say good proaches to child-rearing over against the standing afternoon paper. The articles bye to a man who had touched all their lives family-centered approach." Richard M. will reveal what a brilliant and unique in an all-too-short 39 years. Nixon, the President's veto message on the fellow George was: And George L. Pellettieri's final summation Comprehensive Ohild Development Bill, December, 1971. GEORGE L. PELLETTIERI unfolded before them. George L. Pellettieri did many things well Black crepe, moaning and tears? No way. In Chicago, a day-care center licensed to and some things-like total dismembering a Instead, a Dixieland jazz band, playing care for 18 children was found to have 51 hostile witness-superbly. But what he did blues sweet and cool, welcomed callers to infants strapped in cribs and high chairs­ best was enjoy. He got a tremendous kick George L. Pellettieri's fare-well. Callers stop­ with only one employee to care for them. out of his near-legendary image as the hot­ ped and listened and made requests. And the In Los Angeles, some mothers who must test of hot-shot lawyers. And he thoroughly band played music from the heart. work outside the home have become so des­ enjoyed friends, enemies, ivory tower intel­ Inside the main chapel, the line twisted perate that they leave their children with lectuals, those who would love to dismantle past the coffin. Flowers and dim candle light­ junkie babysitters, knowing that a cash pay­ those towers brick by brick, street people ing? No way. ment at the end of the day wlll bring the and, of course, cuckoos of every stripe and The flowers were neatly arranged in an­ addict back the next morning. type. He lived a lot of different lives in his other room. The only flower in the main In Cleveland, there are so many children 39 years and he relished them all, which, chapel was the bright red rose in George L. who come home from school to an empty towards the end, required a special kind of Pellettieri's lapel. apartment, but who are too little to be courage. Because, towards the end, George To be perfectly honest, George L. Pellettieri trusted with loose keys, that neighborhood Pellettieri knew he was dying. looked sharp. No dark grey suit on that guy. stores sell chains for the purpose of hanging He knew because it was impossible not Instead, he work black shoes and slacks and a keys around the necks of these "latchkey" to know. He had been ill for years, in and white sport jacket with a charcoal pin-stripe. children. out of doctors' offices, hospitals and operat­ The rose set things off perfectly. In Detroit, a working mother discovered ing rooms. But in between these reminders At the foot of the casket the widow waited. that her small daughter was being physically of a physical condition tha.t was steadily More style and class. abused by the neighbor-herself the mother worsening, he laughed at himself and at the Louise Pellettieri was dressed entirely in of many small children-with whom she ironies of life. He also continued to help the white. Nobody had to hold her up in her had been leaving her for a year. helpless, some of whom he saved from the chair. She stood near the body of her husband In New York, a report on police efficiency viciousness of poverty and racism and some and greeted their friends with a firm hand found this interesting problem with patrol­ of whom he saved from jail. and a steady voice. men on the night shift: they failed to make Nobody who knew him could be sure how Outside the funeral home, people gathered arrests that would require their presence in well they knew him. His fascination in find­ in small groups and talked with the strains court during the day. Their wives work, and ing out about them thwarted their efforts to of the Dixieland band in the background. the men must be home with the children. find out about him. It was impossible not Darkness set in the and crowds kept coming. These examples are heartbreaking but not to recognize his brightness, his compassion, Just around noon yesterday, George L. Pel­ unusual. They can be multiplied across the his extraordinary legal ab111ty, his hllarious lettieri's body was taken to Greenwood Ceme­ country thousands, mlllions of times-a sense of the ridiculous and his almost palp­ tery. There were TV cameras there to capture testament to our inability to deal with a. able contempt for hypocrisy. But, with it the moment. And the Dixieland band was fundamental human need. all, there was a hint of sadness velled by there to play George L. Pellettieri's favorite MORE WORKING MOTHERS privacy and perhaps even a tacit implication numbers-"The Impossible Dream" and Today we have more working mothers that if he had it all to do again, he might "Nearer My God To Thee." than ever before, more than twice as many have done it differently. All his life, George L. Pellettieri made a as in 1950, and the figures are expected to We realize this isn't an ordinary editorial habit of doing things with more class than double in the next decade. Nearly one­ farewell. But George Pellettieri was no ordi­ the next guy. He went out the way he want­ third of all mothers with preschool children nary man. Those who knew him at Lawrence­ ed to yesterday-in style. and half the mothers with children 8 to 14 ville School, at Princeton University, in the Even after death, George L. Pellettieri was are working. Each year, more and more re­ flames of courtroom combat. on a dozen d9- outclassing the field. search piles up attesting to the importance 16036 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 16, 1973 of learning in the first five years of life. hensive Child Development Act of 1971-a parents to form an effective, visible lobby, We live in a country that pays lip service, at bill of direct benefit to millions of mothers, plus the savvy of the issue's professional foes, least, to the idea that the welfare of the fathers, children, and employers; a bill which the President's veto becomes less surprising. child is a basic human right. Yet we have no passed Congress but was vetoed by President LEGISLATIVE LESSON national network of subsidized quality Nixon-never caught fire in the grass roots, If we are to fight successfully in the future child-care centers (not day care, which as­ and didn't receive the lobbying support it for quality child-care programs, a recap of sumes all people's needs fall from 9 A.M. to needed to survive. (Simply put, the b111 the legislative fate of the Comprehensive 5 P.M.) where parents can be sure their child would have extended downward the age at Child Development Act affords some valuable will be able to develop her or his potential, which a child is eligible to attend school. lessons. will receive health care, hot meals, preschool Parents would have had the option of plac­ The bill originated in Congress, which education, and personal attention-a full ing children of two-and-a-half, and even made it unique and problematic from the range of developmental services plus the op­ younger, in child-care facilities that offered start. (The Executive is accustomed to portunity to relate to and learn from a var­ education, nutrition, and health programs. initiating major legislation.) For over a year, iety of adults and children. Child care, of The services, including prenatal care, were the Administration could not decide what course, must not be tied exclusively to the to be available to the middle class as well as position to take. Health, Education and Wel­ needs of the working mother. The father, to the poor. Although the bill fell short of fare-the agency charged with administer­ too, has an equal need-whether he is rais­ providing free care, since all persons earning ing the bill-was being asked to create both ing children alone or is the only wage earner over a specified income would pay on a slid­ philosophy and bureaucracy at once, in ad­ in a family that desperately needs a second ing scale, it would, nevertheless, have estab­ dition to carving out a whole new sphere income. And children have the greatest need lished the beginnings of a socially and eco­ in American education, subject to a wide of all. Our goal should be free, universal, nomically mixed preschool system.) range of special interest groups (from text­ consumer- (this means parents) controlled While women continue to suffer because book salespeople to a vast new chlldren's child care, where children, even rich chil­ of the overwhelming difficulty of finding af­ lobby). Yet by the summer of 1971, everyone dren, have the daily companionship and fordable, quality child-care arrangements, was cautiously predicting the bill would be­ learning opportuni-ty of being with their they may keep their suffering hidden, even come reallty. peers as well as their parents. to themselves. Many women are tortured by But liberals in the electorate (who formed But instead, we have millions of children, guilt when they leave children in the care the "daycare lobby" as it was called) and at least eight million in desperate need, who of others, no matter how justified the rea­ liberals in the Senate toughened their posi­ should be in centers but aren't. Many are sons or how educational for the children. tion on consumer control. They wanted funds cared for by a succession of untrained baby­ They don •t think of turning to the govern­ to flow in a direct federal-local relationship sitters. Others have brothers and sisters who ment for help. Somehow we have so indoc­ to child-care centers, thus bypassing in­ are forced to drop out of school to care for trinated women with the sacred, romantic volvement of the state governments. (Re­ them. The notion of aunts and grannies in myth of motherhood (significantly, not par­ membering Mississippi, for example, which the home who love to take care of little chil­ enthood) plus the ideal of the nuclear fam­ held back progress in Head Start because dren just isn't true any more. Estimates of ily, that they are reluctant to admit when the programs had to be integrated, they de­ latchkey children run as high as a million they need help and reluctant to demand that cided not to let history repeat itself.) But and a half. No one at all takes care of them. some of their tax dollars go toward child Republicans and some moderate Democrats But they often show up later as other kinds care. As long as the American mother has felt the states should be involved, that ex­ of statistics, in juvenile delinquency cases feelings of guilt and is unable to see child clusion constituted a violation of states' and drug-addiction centers. Then we pay care as more than a personal problem, the rights, and that direct funding would create highly for their care. politicians will continue to ignore her and a "vast [federal] bureaucratic army." Power­ There's nothing so radical about the idea the basic rights of her children. ful Republicans in Congress warned that the of making voluntary child-care programs But women are not to be blamed out of cutting out of the states would lead to a available to American parents and their chil­ proportion to their real political power. The veto. In order to preserve the original bi­ dren. During World War II, for instance, the failure of child-care legislation goes beyond partisan nature of the bill, Representative government cheerfully paid for child-care lobbying. John Brademas (D.-Ind.), the bUl's mentor centers for more than a million-and-a-half OTHER OBSTACLES in the House, sought to maintain some role children whose mothers were working in de­ Obviously an adequately funded child care for the states. . fense plants. Currently, however, the only and development program costs money-an In the end, though, the liberals were able justification for subsidized child care that estimated $20 billion a year to fulfill today's to maintain "consumer control" provisions the government will accept is to get people needs. "You won't get twenty billion in a intact. Many Washington observers believe . off the welfare rolls-a goal that results in decade," asserts an aide to the Senate their refusal to give on this point resulted isolating poor and minority children in cus­ Finance Committee, "because the American in the winning of the battle only to lose the todial centers so that their mothers can be taxpayer doesn't care that much about kids." war. forced to work. But this figure does not seem hopelessly huge The final version of the Comprehensive when compared with other government fig­ Child Development Act was reported out of HUMAN RIGHTS FOR CHILDREN ures-particularly items in the Department the joint Senate-House Conference Com­ We shouldn't have to declare World War III of Defense Budget. There, cost overruns on mittee with the stipulation that any locality to understand children have basic human military contracts-not the contracts them­ over the size of 5,000 could apply for direct rights. The constituency for child care is no selves-ran to more than $29 billion in 1972 funds from the federal government, thereby less than the parents and children of Amer­ alone. limiting the states to a mainly technical or ica. Yet despite the serious need for early Another obstacle in the path of subsidized advisory role. Most of the Senate Republi­ childhood development, there is little ac­ child care is the fact that the majority of can leadership voted for the b111 anyway, tion. Why Is child care a dead issue in Wash­ the lawmakers and Administration aides knowing it would probably be vetoed. Many ington today? charged with deciding the fate of crucial had cynically voted for passage because, after "I've spoken to hundreds of women a ~ross legislation are men past the age of parent­ all, who wants to vote against little children the country, rich and poor, women who make ing. They seem unable to grasp what it with an election year coming up? $20,000 a year-women whose lives have means to be a 32-year-old wage earner re­ When the bill arrived on President Nixon's been blighted because they have been un­ sponsible for three children under the age of desk for signature·, it landed among thou­ able to find satisfactory day ca.re," says Dr. eight. This insensitivity, fortifl.ed by the sands of letters peppered with such phrases Edward Zigler, a Yale professor of child de­ scare rhetoric of the right wing ("the soviet­ as "the heavy hand of government in every velopment, who is the former head of the ization of American youth," "the final fatal cradle." ~e proponents of the bill, organized Office of Child Development at the Depart­ step toward 1984"), places any concept of into a 23-group coalition led by Marian ment at the Department of Health, Educa­ comprehensive child care in jeopardy. The Wright Edelman, Director of the Washing­ tion and Welfare. "What's happened to their opponents of federal child-care programs, ton Research Project, had not convincingly children? Almost 50 percent of all mothers furthermore, write letters to the White House demonstrated (to Mr. Nixon's satisfaction) work, yet so far they haven't exerted pres­ and to Congresspeople far out of proportion what they knew to be the needs of so many sure on the government. I am convinced it to their numbers. And the media, responsive American famllies. has to do with the downtrodden nature of to the issue only during volatile, after-the­ Although Patricia Nixon was then Hon­ women in America. They feel this is the fact confrontations, have not been persuaded orary Chairperson of the Day Care and Child I· way things are supposed to be. They're sup­ to provide the ongoing coverage so needed to Development Council, one of the staunchest posed to be put upon. Farmers and the aero­ communicate the philosophy and signifi­ advocates of subsidized child care, Richard space industry fight for their interests and cance of government involvement in child Nixon pandered to the conservative outcry get b1llions of dollars worth of subsidies. care. (perhaps mindful that the conservatives were The government helps them, but doesn't help According to Edward Zigler, "Any legisla­ also angered over his trips to China and Rus­ mothers. We've so conditioned women to get tion as fundamental as the Comprehensive sia) and struck down the Comprehensive the short end of the stick that they think Child Development Act of 1971 cannot suc­ Child Development Act. In an infiammatory it's the plight of women to suffer, and they ceed without a substantial national dialogue. veto message, he chose not to commit "the don't expect any action." The woman in Dubuque and the man in vast moral authority of the national govern­ Zigler's observation offers some insight into Los Angeles have to grasp the issue." Given ment to the side of communal approaches to at least one of the reasons why the Compre- the media's apathy, the inability of put-upon child-rearing over against the famlly-ce~- May 16, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16037 tered approach." It didn't seem to matter a way to practically fund their state govern­ American Organizations (CIAO), informed that the veto message contradicted one of ment. Congress plugged that loophole. And in the local establishment that they could cross the President's pet pieces of legislation at February, the Administration introduced reg­ off the support of Italians on election day that time, the Welfare Reform Bill, "H.R. ulations that would severely restrict the eli­ if much needed child-care facilities weren't 1"-which sought custodial child-care fa­ gibility of a past or potential welfare recipi­ forthcoming. She even went to Washington cilities for the children of welfare mothers so ent. Previously, a "past" recipient was defined to lobby powerful national legislators. Wil­ they could enroll in work-training programs. as someone on welfare within the last two bur Mills, Chairman of the House Ways and Without child care, what chance would there years; this may be changed to the last three Means Committee, showed how child care is, be to get these women off the dole? Evidently, months. A "potential" welfare recipient was in many legislators' minds, connected towel­ it was all right to "break up" the families of someone who without child care, would go fare and minority stereotypes: he astonished welfare recipients to get them to work, but on welfare in five years-this may be changed her by saying, "I wasn't aware that Italians those mothers of middle-class fam11ies who to six months. There was even a proposal­ needed help." But, because of her and the were already working would be forced out of since abandoned-to prohibit the use of pri­ Organization's persistence, CIAO has ob­ the labor market. vate money to get matching funds. This tained funding for three centers. While Marian Wright Edelman's coalition would have been especially damaging to THE CHALLENGE worked hard to promote the bill, they, in the poorer states that have no hope of generat­ A larger grass-roots effort must also be words of Washington reporter John Iglehart, ing child-care funds from their own revenues. made to overcome the indifference to inade­ "never sold day care as a middle-class need. As one Administration official su~marizing quate child care and the die-hard myths, Most politicians don't see day care any dif­ the current NL"Con philosophy of government particularly the guilt-inducing exclusivity of ferently than any other OEO (Office of Eco­ spending and social welfare, put it, "You've parenting, that prevent a commitment to nomic Opportunity] liberal, bleeding-heart got to get the right bang for the buck." early childhood development programs. "Ad­ program." According to Theodore Taylor, HARD REALITIES vocates of free, universal child care would Executive Director of the Day Care and Child Today we are in the paradoxical position of do well to focus on consciousness-raising Development Council of America, "There having the number of children who require about child care and finding a legislative ve­ [was still] the sense that child-care institu­ child care dramatically increasing and the hicle which will enable Congress to spend tions undermine the stability of the family number of federal government "slots" in money without seeming to be helping 'the and that child care or child development is child care decreasing. The new restrictive poor,'" advises William Pierce, Director of really only an adjunct to welfare." So the guidelines hit hardest at the working poor­ the Washington offi.ce of the Child Welfare massive, three-year-long struggle that women who have struggled valiantly to stay League of America. He suggests a possible spanned thousands of pages of testimony, off welfare. "Day-care prices most frequently legislative vehicle: "Attach child care di­ endless conferences and meetings, and hun­ quoted are $25 to $36 a week," one mother of rectly to education. California already has dreds of hours and thousands of dollars of a three-year-old child told me. "Since I take (some] child care connected to education. staff time was scratched with one stroke of home_ $100 a week, this is impossible." If Bipartisan action might be possible for some the Presidential pen. their children are no longer "eligible" for bill [in 1974 but not before] which uses the CODE WORDS subsidized child-care facil1ties, many par­ California experience as a model." Because the Administration's attitude to­ ents who are now classified as working poor Can we walt yet another year? Another ward child care has hardened so much in the will have to quit their jobs and be forced year of vital human needs going unmet? of time since the veto, it now seems almost to rely on unemployment and eventually latchkey children roaming the streets? of utopian to think that developmental child welfare. Is this "the bang for the buck" the substandard baby-sitting services? of pre­ care ever had a chance of becoming law. Administration is seeking? vaiUng upon a grandmother or a neighbor Since the veto, major governmental effort in When asked by a reporter about the fiscal who may already have too many children of the child-care field has been a part of the irresponsibility of eliminating child-care her own? of middle- and upper-income chil­ insidious design to provide custodial baby­ slots only to have state and federal govern­ dren who vegetate by the television set? sitting for the children of welfare mothers, ment pay more money out in welfare and American parents must start by asking but only for those mothers on work-training unemployment, an administratior of the why. programs. Spaces for their children would Office of Child Development at HEW replied, come, not through the creation of new fa­ "That is an excellent question without an cilities, but from the elimination of the chil­ answer. That kind of consideration makes ANDERSON FINDS JOBS FOR VETS dren of the working poor and middle class eminent good sense to you or me, but God who are already in subsidized centers. knows why OMB [Office of Management and Now, "revenue sharing" is the new code Budget] did it." HON. ELWOOD HILLIS word used in government to dismiss queries John Hutchison, Special Assistant to the OF INDIANA about instituting a national network of child Acting Administrator of Social Rehabil1ta­ care. Under revenue sharing, each state re­ tion Services at HEW, which is the offi.ce IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ceives a check from the federal government that administers Title IV-A funds, did have Wednesday, May 16, 1973 to spend as it wishes. The Administration an answer. "Women need to understand the purports not to care if the states spend the hard realities fiscally and operationally," she Mr. HILLIS. Mr. Speaker, today I money on child care or lowering property explained. "Child care has expanded rapidly would like to honor a group of veterans taxes or paving highways. The practical t:on­ in the last two years, but fiscal limits are be­ back in Indiana's Fifth District who have sequence of revenue sharing, though, has ing imposed for those who need it most. We been active in making the Jobs for Vet­ been to pit all the social-welfare probrams don't know what's going to happen. You erans program a success. that receive federal moneys-but whicn an: have to make your choices based on cost This group of veterans in Anderson, now under a spending ceiling limit-against benefits." each other. As a result, drug-rehabilitation The morality of "cost benefit analysis" has Ind., has found 167 Vietnam vets jobs in programs are fighting the elderly who are effectively stopped the creation of new child­ Madison County since the American Le­ fighting the handicapped who are fighting care facilities across the country, threatened gion post there took on this project. child-care people-all for limited funds. the existing quality of child care received, Heading up this job-finding delegation This is so because, under the legislation and perpetuated a vicious cycle isolating the is a World War II veteran, Francis Pope. passed by the last Congress, social-welfare poor. Though revenue sharing purports to As the Jobs for Veterans representa­ programs that previously received mat.::hing throw the burden of providing child-care tive in Anderson, Mr. Pope has visited all funds from the federal government are sub­ services to the states, the states have not ject to a $2.5 billion spending ceiling. The had an impressive record of achievement in of the major industries in and around child-care money that used to come out of establishing new child-care fac111ties, li­ Madison County and urged them to find Title IV-A and IV-B of the Social Security censing private day-care homes, or training spots for the worthy returning veterans. Act is also part of that limit. Formerly, if personnel to staff the centers. With a 4- or 5-man delegation, Francis state and local governments or private local Although the once lofty hope of compre­ Pope has handled the placing of these donors could come up with 25 percent of the hensive childhood development has been re­ yotmg veterans on a case-by-case basis, money to fund a child-care center., the fed­ duced to a repressive social-service concept going in and talking to the company per­ eral government would foot the additional 75 connected to the employability of welfare mothers, we do not lack legislators eager to sonnel people, representing the individ­ percent-providing a center met certain cri­ uals, serving as a personal employment teria. There was RO upward limit on the sponsor bills that would guarantee to all money the states could apply for. Few states, young children vital health and educational service of sorts, at no compensation however, took advantage of the law, which services. What the Brademases, Mondales, whatsoever. also stipulated that Title IV-A and B funds Reids, Hecklers, Chisholms, and Abzugs 1n There are many who have criticized were for "any kind of service that was re­ Washington need is tangible support at the that our veterans organizations are for habilitative or preventive in nature for past, community level. We must continue to make old men and are not suited to the needs present, or potential welfare recipients." our needs known to our mayors, city coun­ and interest of the younger returning However, New York liberally interpreted that cils, governors, and state legislators. They in definition and began setting up child-care turn will be forced to demand federal relief. veterans. The Anderson American Le­ centers for middle-class children; Mississippi For example, Mary Sansone of New York gion has proved this does not have to be. went even further-it saw the legislation as City, representing the Congress of Italian- The members of this post have shown 16038 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 16, 1973 they do care about the fine young men CAB ORDERS NO-SMOKING AREAS :flights. It was further noted in EDR-231 that returning to Madison County, and are ON AIRCRAFT although the FAA had not yet taken final taking direct action to prove their feel­ rule making action with respect to the issue ings. of whether smoking presented a health haz­ ard, there no lon~er seemed to be any reason I would like to salute Mr. Pope and HON. C. W. BILL YOUNG for the Board to defer institution of rule the Anderson Legion members today and OF FLORIDA making proceedings on whether the extent cite their efforts to my colleagues as an IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to which tobacco smoke causes annoyance example of what the Jobs for Veterans and discomfort to passengers warrants reme­ program ought to be in every community Wednesday, May 16, 1973 dial action, and if so, what form of action in this country if enough people become Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Mr. Speaker, I should be taken. concerned about the unemployment want to applaud the Civil Aeronautics The ATA carriers object to the Board's reliance on the study as a._measure of pas­ problem of our Vietnam vets. With more Board for its action on May 7 in ordering senger annoyance with smoking on aircraft local action programs like this, an unem­ certified air carriers to provide no-smok­ and the appropriate corrective action to be ployed veteran might become a scarce ing areas aboard their flights. This ac­ taken. They assert that the Board ignored commodity-which I am sure we would tion, which becomes effective on July 10, the finding in the study that the atmosphere all like to see happen. is in full. accord with the spirit and intent 1n aircraft cabins is subE'tantially cleaner The Federal Government can set up of H.R. 1309, the Nonsmokers Relief Act than is advised for public buildings or re­ quired by Environmental Protection Agency programs like the Jobs for Veterans initi­ I introduced early this year. standards and also ignored the evidence that ative, but in the end, it is the effort and This act in no way infringes on the commercial aircraft cabins are extremely ef­ concern of local people in any commu­ rights of those who choose to smoke, but fective in changing air throughout the cabin nity which makes or breaks any Federal does protect the rights and health of every five minutes or less. program. I think the Anderson Legion nonsmokers by requiring separate seat­ We find this objection to be without merit. has proved this, and I hope their example ing aboard planes, trains, and buses Aircraft cabins are not public buildings. traveling in interstate commerce. This There is no indication that standards appli­ will be followed by other local groups in cable to public buildings are applicable to the future. Thank you. measure has drawn overwhelming public the special high-density seating conditions support, and since it was first introduced of aircraft. Moreover, unlike persons in pub­ in the 92d Congress, many airlines have lic buildings, non-smoking passengers on voluntarily adopted its provisions. aircraft may be assigned a seat next to, or LOS ANGELES COUNTY ENDORSES Now, after extensive hearings, the Civil otherwise in close proximity to persons who SCHOOLBUS SAFETY BILL Aeronautics Board has confirmed the smoke and cannot escape this environment until the end of the flight. Finally, notwith­ need for such regulations and strongly standing that aircraft cabins are very effec­ supports the arguments I have offered in tive in changing cabin air, a substantial HON. LES ASPIN urging prompt action by the Congress to number of passengers are bothered by smok­ OF WISCONSIN adopt the Nonsmokers Relief Act. ing on aircraft, as will be seen. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The CAB has confirmed that smoking It is also alleged that the questionnaire on aboard aircraft causes severe discomfort which the study was based was "loaded" Wednesday, May 16, 1973 against toleration of smoking on aircraft. to passengers, and that such passengers Specifically, the carriers refer to the fact Mr. ASPIN. Mr. Speaker, I am happy constitute a substantial number of air that the question asking whether smoking to report to the Members of the House travelers. The CAB ruling points out-- on aircraft should be permitted in certain that the board of supervisors of the Although smokers often refer to their areas, not at all, or as at present, makes no county of Los Angeles recently endorsed "right" to smoke, their freedom to smoke, as distinction as to cigar, cigarette or pipe in principle H.R. 4187, the Schoolbus a court recently observed, "may have to give smoke. Apparently, the carriers contend that Safety Act of 1973. way to the freedom of others to be un­ if this question had been broken down by annoyed by smoke". type of smoke, relatively few passengers This bill has now been cosponsored by would be in favor of restricting the smoking 77 Members of the House. Recently, the However, neither the CAB ruling nor of cigarettes aboard aircraft. Subcommitee on Commerce and Finance my bill would prohibit smoking aboard If this is the point of the argument, it of the Interstate and Foreign Commerce aircraft; rather, both would merely re­ cannot be sustained. Of the 3,073 passengers Committee chaired by our distinguished quire separate nonsmoking areas aboard on the MAC flights, 1,604 (52 percent) stated colleague from California, erhaps 5 per­ the drug problem in this country, it individual is a worthwhile aim, and one cent-of the world's opium production is would upset the administration's new that should continue. Much of the $719 all that is required to supply our addict "China Policy." Rather than censuring million Federal budget for drug programs population. All the opium needed to con­ the Communists for allowing the drug this year will be spent in the area of ad­ vert into heroin for the addicts in the trafficking to continue, the administra­ dict treatment. In many parts of the United States can be grown on a 10- tion announces that this year the United country there is already enough treat­ square-mile area almost anywhere in the States will become one of Red China's ment capacity so that no one can say world. Yet vast fields of the poppies are five largest trade partners. that he was forced by society to commit grown, in many cases under government The Chinese mainland has long been a crime to get drugs because he could not supervision, in a number of countries. the major producer and trafficker in the get treatment. It is estimated that tllis Several countries, such as Turkey, have world's opium, morphine, and heroin. year's treatment capacity, including state eliminated their domestic production of In fact, narcotics provide one of the and local projects, will be 250,000. opium at the request of the State Depart­ major sources of much needed foreign · But treatment of addicts is merely a ment, which plays the major role in all currency for the Red regime. Narcotics response to a drug problem that has al­ foreign aspects of the Federal antidrug smuggled into the United States and ready developed, it is not a long-term effort. The Department's request was European countries by Chinese agents solution. Doctors can treat the symp­ coupled with a bundle of taxpayers' have been reported to produce in excess toms, but they cannot cure the disease of money to pay Turkish farmers not to of $800 million in revenue for Red China. May 16, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16047 Hong Kong authorities last year seized can federalism by shifting money and au. body broke with tradition and voted not $30 million worth of mainland drugs. thority from Washington to state and loca: to give the administration everything governments. The New Federalism is th£ that it had requested in a military ap­ The annual opium output, planted under primary hallmark of the President's domes· government control and supervision is tic policy, and revenue sharing and reorga­ propriation bill. I am sure that passage said to exceed 10,000 tons of raw opium a nization of the executive branch are its key. of the Addabbo amendment must have year. Production was stepped up in 1970 stones. been a traumatic experience for the De­ to flood South Vietnam with the drug, General revenue sharing, already enacted partment of Defense, since it has been and as a result, thousands of American into law, will pump $30 billion into state the policy of the House of Representa­ GI's became addicted to the drug while and local treasuries over the next 5 years tives for the last decade not only to grant stationed there. with few strings attached; special revenue any military appropriation requests for sharing, not yet enacted into law, proposes Chinese drug production has been well to consolidate categorical grant programs Southeast Asia, but even in many cases documented, yet United States-Red into large block grants (e.g., education) with to throw in a little extra. China trade is encouraged to grow. The a minimum oversight from Washington. I was particularly pleased to help Con­ Congress last week approved a Presiden­ The reorganization of the executive branch, gress take this first successful and in­ tial request for $1.5 million to fund a proposed by the President to the Congress, dependent step, since I remember the U.S. mission in Peking. In the United but not yet enacted into law, would reduce occasion, 8 years ago, when we were States 40 Red Chinese diplomats are the number of federal departments from 12 given our first chance to vote specifically to 8 with several super-departments. To de­ against funds for the war in Indochina. housed in one of the most prestigous centraliZe and coordinwte 'decisionmaking, Washington hotels and wined and dined the President has already ordered the stand­ It was a rather lopsided vote on May 5, in the diplomatic social circle. ardiZation of regional offices for the major 1965, when we passed the supplemental While American business is supplying departments of government, so that they appropriation for military functions of them farm equipment, jet airliners, fer­ operate on common lines from a single head­ the Department of Defense. There were tilizer and selling them low-cost food quarters city in each region. So far at least, 408 yeas, 18 not voting, and 7 nays. I subsidized by U.S. taxpayers, the Chinese the performance of these regional offices has am proud to have cast one of those nay Communists continue to profit and been spotty and unconvincing. votes; the others were cast by our late The heart of the New Federalism is the smuggle into this country the drugs that belief that there are too many federal pro­ colleague Mr. Ryan of New York, our have hooked over half a million Ameri­ grams, too much red tape, too many federally former colleague Mr. Dow, also of New cans. :imposed priorities on localities, and the York, and by Representatives BURTON Last September, the President said, structure of federal aid must be simplified and EDWARDS of California, Representa­ addressing the International Narcotics to give more control to state and local gov­ tive CoNYERS of Michigan, and Repre­ Control Conference: ernments. sentative GREEN of Oregon. Our ranks These proposals have stirred powerful Any government whose leaders participate have grown, slowly but steadily, until opposition from federal bureaucrats, Con­ we became a majority last week andre­ in or protect the activi·ties of those who con­ gressional committees, and private interest tribute to our drug problem should know groups, which have special interests in cate­ fused to authorize any further funding that the President of the United States is gorical grant programs. These voices sup­ for bombing Cambodia. required by statute to suspend all American port federal categorical grants, narrowly I might add that this was the first economic and m111tary assistance to such a time, during my more than 8 years in the regime and I shall not hesitate to comply focused programs dealing with a specific with that law where there are violations. problem (e.g., education for handicapped per­ House, that I have been on the winning sons). They argue that state and local gov­ side of an appropriations vote related It should be obvious to most Ameri­ ernments are often corrupt or lack the to the war. cans that the President's historic new capacity to manage unrestricted federal But in the euphoria over our symbolic "China policy" cannot peacefully coexist funds, and are too vulnerable to political pressures to meet the needs of many worthy, victory, and it really is mainly symbolic, with his "global war" against drug traf­ but relatively powerless, groups. since I have great faith in the ability of fickers. Also, and more recently, many governors the administration to evade or just plain and mayors, who were initially enthusiastic ignore the intent of Congress-in our about the New Federalism because it would euphoria, I hope that we will not forget LEE HAMILTON'S MAY 16, 1973, increase their control in the use of funds, that the war continues. I hope that we WASHINGTON REPORT, ENTITLED are now having second thoughts as they lose will not feel that we have done our duty "NEW FEDERALISM" the funds from categorical aid programs for the cause of peace, and can now go without anything to take their place. Some even claim they were misled in supporting on to other matters. For the fact is that HON. LEE H. HAMILTON revenue sharing last year. peace has not come to Indochina, and OF INDIANA What is needed is not exclusive reliance Nixon administration policies will not on revenue sharing or categorical grants, but bring peace to that part of the world. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a better "mix" of federal grant assistance. Mr. Speaker, it is so easy, amid all the Wednesday, May 16, 1973 The federal government must have a com­ talk of peace, to forget just exactly what bination of categorical grants and revenues really is happening over there. The sad Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I in­ sharing, each designed to meet specific needs: clude my May 16, 1973, Washington Re­ categorical grants for specific areas of na­ fact is that the piece of paper which was port entitled "New Federalism": tional concern; revenue sharing to allow con­ signed in Paris means little to the Cam­ NEW FEDERALISM solidation of existing categoric8il grant pro­ bodian peasant killed by American anti­ personnel bombs. If you ask the man in the street a few grams to meet broad needs (e.g., law enforce­ questions about government, more likely ment), and to allow states and localities I would like to share a report by Daniel than not he wm tell you that government to devise their own priorities and programs. Southerland of the Christian Science is too big, too expensive, too confusing, and In short, I find the central thrust of the Monitor with our colleagues. The article too inefficient. Many of us in government New Federalism attractive, with its emphasis appeared in the San· Bernardino Sun­ share his concerns and believe we simply on consolidation of programs, fiexibntty, Telegram on May 9, the day before we have to find ways of making government work decentralized decisionrnaking, and a larger role for states and loc8ilities. At the same passed the Addabbo amendment, and better. provides an interesting example of what The structure of American federalism has time, though, certain goals are worthy of come under increasing attack as people from specific federal programs. it is like to live in a part of the world all levels of society have expressed their frus­ that is being subjected to President trations with the growth of government Nixon's ''peace with honor." and its inabllity to solve problems. In the The article follows: past 40 years the number of civllian em­ THE KILLING GOES ON IN SOUTH­ U.S. BOMBERS A'I"I'ACK PHANTOM ENEMY IN ployees in the federal government has in­ EAST ASIA-LEST WE FORGET CAMBODIAN VILLAGE creased from 600,000 to 2.8 mnuon, the (By Daniel Southerland) budget has grown from $4.6 billion to $250 billion, and since 1963 the number of federal HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. PREK YoUN, CAMBODIA.-The bombing Of grant programs to state and local govern­ villages such a.s this one raises embarrassing OF CALIFORNIA ments has grown !rom 160 to 1,000, which questions for the Nixon administratlon. now channel $43 billion to these govern­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES A White House spokesman has said that ments. Wednesday, May 16, 1973 the bombing in Cambodia is a result of lthe The President'f solution to these problems continuing presence -of North Vietnamese of government is the "New Federalism," an Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. troops in violation of the Vietnam peace efi'ort to change the power balance of Ameri- Speaker, on May 10 this distinguished agreement. 16048 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 16, 1973 But just as has been the case in many move closer to Phnom Penh. Many are living for more vigorous governmental price other Cambodian vlllages in recent months, at pagodas serving as unofficial refugee restraints. the troops who entered Prek Youn were not camps. I join with the Times in affirming North Vietnamese. They were Cambodian­ At the Sla Keth pagoda, 12 miles east of Khmer insurgents. Phnom Penh, refugees from Prek Youn re­ that- Even assuming that one unstated aim of port they had no help from the government. Obviously no saving in meat prices can the bombing is to weaken not the North They feared that the rice they salvaged from justify a real risk of cancer in the food Vietnamese in Cambodia but the Khmer in­ Prek Youn was ·going to run out in two or Americans eat. surgents, Prek Youn is at the very least an three months. They had no idea when it But I also join the Times in asking­ example of needless damage inflicted on would be safe enough for them to return to civilians. the village. But how real is the risk from which the According to villagers from Prek Youn, and The area along Highway 1 east of Phnom FDA has now begun to protect the com­ they all agree on this, the bombs hit the Penh is heavily populated. But for some munity? village several hours after the Cambodian eight miles east of Prek Youn most of the On April27, following the FDA action, insurgents had left. The only people hurt people are afraid to spend the night in their I issued a press release announcing the by the bombing, therefore, were civlllans. old homes. In the afternoon you can see introduction of a bill directing the Na­ Prek Youn is, OT rather was, a large and them moving westward on the highway in ox prosperous vlllage on the Mekong River near carts and rented motorbike taxis with the tional Academy of Sciences to undertake Highway 1 about 23 miles east-southea.st of food and belongings they have salvaged. a 1-year study of whether the "zero resi­ Phnom Penh. The people grow rice, corn, "I would like to ask you to request the due" concept of the Federal Food, Drug, potatoes, beans, bananas, and watermelons. government not to drop any more bombs be­ and Cosmetic Act as it pertains to agents Prek Youn was untouched by the fighting cause we would like to rebuild our homes," in foods might safely be revised in light and bombing until recently. said an old man living among the Prek of recent technological advances in resi­ One night two weeks ago Khmer insurgent Youn refugees outside the Sla Keth pagoda. "You journalists can see the problem with due detection. Today I again urge prompt troops attacked a nearby government Army congressional action to establish this camp and then entered the vlllage. These your own eyes," said another refugee. "But were what the people call "Red Khmers." most of the American people cannot see with study, to facilitate a matching of public They have the support of the North Viet­ their own eyes, so your government gets policy with the impressive recent gains namese, but they now are doing most of the away with lying to them." of science. fighting in Cambodia. "We want President Nixon to do every­ On April 30, the Times published After entering Prek Youn, the Red Khmers thing he can to stop the war," the man said, its editorial, noting the extraordinarily fired on Cambodian Navy patrol boats trying as more and more refugees gathered around. "We want you to send our voices to the minute traces of DES residue whose de­ to clear the way for a supply-vessel convoy tection led to the regulatory action, and up the Mekong. American people," he said. "Our only hope They urged some of the vlllagers to leave is in the American people because our own questioning as I have the soundness of with them. They told those who did not want government ignores us. a public law which permits no reason­ to go that they, too, should leave the village "If the Americans can make peace in ing in Federal administrative response. because it would be bombed by Americans. Cambodia, we, the Cambodian people, will Wrote the Times- Many of the people took this advice, and thank the American people like brothers." The point is that the Delaney amendment by 6 a.m. next day were on their. way. The One wonders how many Prek Youns there is an all or nothing affair, and presumably are. Red Khmers also left. At a~out 9 o'clook, ac­ would have applied if the analytical equip­ cording to villagers' accounts, two American Recently the United States has reversed ment had found only one thousandth of a jets appeared and began bombing. an earlier policy of not bombing in the heav­ trillionth part of DES. This sounds more like The villagers said the American fighter­ ily populated area around Phnom Penh. fanaticism than intelligent public policy. bombers made one pass after another against Mr. Speaker, approximately 10 years Would not Congress be well advised to a phantom enemy. They destroyed or heavily ago, a gentleman by the name of Bob consult the scientists on what meaning, if damaged about half the vlllage. any, the law should give to infinitesimal That night near the village where some Dylan wrote ·a song which he titled quantities? of the people had taken refuge, the fighter­ "Blowin' in the Wind." That song con­ bombers struck again. The bombs kllled an tains nine questions, the last of which is I can answer this question only with 11-year-old boy named Sok San and wounded particularly appropriate for us to ask a vehement "Yes." at least seven others. Among them was a ourselves today. As I read of Prek Youn Mr. Speaker, we live daily amid re­ 82-year-old pregnant woman named Vong and the countless other villages we have affirmation of the wisdom of the ancient Sarim. The Cambodian Navy took the destroyed during the reign of Richard proverb that the end does not justify the wounded up the river to Phom Penh. the Arrogant, I ask myself, to quote Bob means. In a free society governmental Vong Sarim later said that she had seen no Khmer insurgents or any other troops Dylan- efforts to protect the public must be where the night bombing occurred. She gave How many deaths will it take 'til he knows characterized by discretion and balance. birth without difficulty, but her right leg that too many people have died? I believe that we have a new opportunity was still badly swollen because of debris How many deaths, Mr. Nixon? to seek that posture. that hit it during the bombing. There follows the text of my press Inside the vlllage itself, the bombing killed release of April 27, 1973, the New York 15 cows. Near their remains lay part of the Times editorial of April 30, 1973, and casing for a U.S. Air Force "antipersonnel" weapon known as the CBU. THE REALITIES OF CONSUMER PRO­ H.R. 7439: This cluster bomb unit had contained sev­ TECTION: INTELLIGENT PUBLIC [From the New York Times, eral hundred steel-pellet bomblets. The POLICY VERSUS FANATICISM Apr. 30, 1973] casing was marked as a product of Lanson POLICY ON INFINITESIMALS Industries. It is specifically designed t ct kill The Food and Drug Administration has people, but this time it got animals. HON. GUY VANDER JAGT banned further use of the cattle-fattening In some sections of Prek Youn, nothing hormone DES on which livestock raisers have remains but deep boinb craters, broken cook­ OF MICHIGAN long relied to get the maximum gain in ani­ ing pots and other utenslls, rotting fruit, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mal weight for a given quantity of feed. DES shattered banana trees, and scorched pieces Wednesday, May 16, 1973 is a carcinogen and minute traces of it were of corrugated iron roofing. found in animals on which it had been used. One of the strangest things was a printed Mr. VANDER JAGT. Mr. Speaker, the The Delaney amendment prohibits the use leaflet. Apparently dropped by an airplane, New York Times now recognizes the price in foods of agents known to cause cancer, the leaflet was written in Vietnamese. It was to consumers of misguided governmental and that amendment has now been applied. addressed to North Vietnamese troops and efforts to protect public health. In the The result in the not too distant future is told them that a peace treaty had been wake of the Food and Drug Administra­ likely to be more expensive beef, with esti­ signed in Vietnam and that they could go mates of the likely price increase ranging tion's ban on livestock implantation of from 3.5 to 15 cents a pound. home. diethylstilbestrol-DES--pellets, a de­ The people in Prek Youn had seen small Obviously no saving in meat prices can cision which was forced upon the agency justify a real risk of cancer in the food groups of Cambodian insurgent troops in the by an excessively rigid statute, the Times vlllage. But they had not seen a single Americans eat. But how real is the risk published an editorial acknowledging from which the F.D.A. has now begun to Vietnamese. No one in the village could read the likelihood of a beef price increase of protect the community? The F.D.A. has re­ the leaflet. porrt;ed that its extremely sensitive analyti­ Prek Youn now is deserted. Some of the between 3.5 and 15 cents per pound. Such cal equipment has detected DES on the people return to the v1llage in the morning P1creases will come on top of the soaring order of magnitude of 120 Jtarts per trUUon to sift through the ruins and retrieve pos­ meat prices which have alarmed consum­ in the animal tissue examined. Such sensi­ sessions and food. Then in the afternoon they ers across the Nation and led to appeals tivity in measuring infinitesimal quantities- May 16, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16049 is a respectable scientific feat, but how quirements might safely be revised in light actions that are hecessary to insure that meaningful is it as a guide to the public? of current technology. the United States disengages itself from Is there a significant-even an appreciable­ One of the greatest outcries today is over risk of anyone getting cancer from eating the price of meat. We have had one boycott Southeast Asia. meat containing so tiny a quantity of DES? and talk of others as well as drastic govern­ The editorials follow: How does the "risk" the F.D.A. has moved ment action persists. Yet despite the fact DEFIANCE OF CAMBODIA-AND IN LAos against compare with the risk of breathing that no human cancer has ever been traced The nation moved a step closer toward normal polluted air in Manhattan or down­ to the use of DES in livestock production, the what Senate Majority Leader Mansfield has town Washington, D.C.-or with the risk government is now taking action which could warned could become "a true constitutional of having a chest X-ray or smoking a single increase the cost of beef to U.S. households crisis" when a Seriate appropriations subcom­ cigarette? by hundreds of millions of dollars a year. mittee yesterday accepted a House-approved The point is that the Delaney amendment The public interest requires constant vigi­ prohibition on the transfer of funds for is an all or nothing affair, and presumably lance against disease. But it also requires bombing in Cambodia. The Administration would have applied if the analytical equip­ non-arbitrary action by legislative and ad­ has already indicated it will i·gnore such a ment had found only one thousandth of a ministrative authorities. I hope that those ban even if it is endorsed by Congress. trillionth part of DES. This sounds more like in Congress who have relentlessly pursued Any continuation of the bombing after fanaticism than intelligent public policy. a ban on all DES use will recognize the public expected Senate approval of this provision Would not Congress be well advised to con­ interest in a review of the statute. would amount to open defiance of the clear sult the scientists on what meaning, if any, intent of Congress to put an end to United the law should give to infinitesimal quan- H.R. 7439 States mllitary a.clion in Cambodia. [n. or­ tities? · der to check such an abuse of Presidential Be it enacted by the Senate and House power and to begin to restore its own integ­ of Representatives of the United States of rity, Congress would be obliged to move to (From the Office of Congressman America in Congress assembled, That the Na­ GUY VANDER JAGT Apr. 27, 1973] a more drastic confrontation by banning tional Academy of Sciences shall conduct a funds for United States military activities PRESS RELEASE study to determine if, because of the avail­ anywhere in Indochina without prior Con­ A Food and Drug Administration an­ ability of improved techniques of residue de­ gressional approval, as long proposed by Sen­ nouncement this week of an immediate ban tection, the requirements of section 512 ator Case, Republican of New Jersey, and on the implantation of diethylstilbestrol (d) (1) (H) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Senator Church, Democrat of Idaho. (DES) pellets in livestock brings into sharp Cosmetic Act may safely be revised to permit If the President has learned anything at focus the complexity of government's respon­ certain amounts of residues to be present all from the Watergate and allied scandals sibility to the public. This action reflects in meat or other food. Within one year from and the national revulsion they have pro­ undue rigidity in the law and resulting ad­ the date of the enactment of this Act the duced, he will act now to avert this ultimate ministrative action, for when the emotion­ National Academy of Sciences shall report the showdown. The White House indication that alism which understandably surrounds results of the study to the Congress together it will persist in its present policy in uncon­ cancer is subdued and the facts are examined with any recommendation for legislation stitutional defiance of Congress would, if car­ objectively, there appears little rationale which it determines is necessary to carry out ried out, enormously exacerbate the present for the new policy and its considerable its findings. tension that is already seriously affecting the expense to consumers. political process. Concern over use of this growth stimulant If the system of checks and balances which in livestock is twofold. Current food law WATERGATE AND CAMBODIA: THE is the ultimate safeguard of American liber­ prohibits use of a chemical in food if any SAME ATTITUDE ties is to be preserved, the developing con­ residue of the substance could reach con­ stitutional crisis over the Administration's sumers. Because DES has been shown to persistent arbitrary mllitary involvement 1n induce tumors in mice it is considered a HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL Indochina needs to be resolved decisively in carcinogen, despite the virtual impossib111ty OF NEW YORK favor of Congress. that any human would ingest a comparable IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The admission of an Administration of­ quantity by eating the monumental amounts ficial that the United States is to finance of liver every day for years that would be Wednesday, May 16, 1973 the presence of 15,000 to 20,000 Thai "irregu­ required. Secondly, vaginal cancer recently lar" troops in Laos over another shocking il­ has been detected among a small number of Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, last Thurs­ lustration of the Administration's disregard daughters of women who took large doses of day, with the passage of the Addabbo of Congress and the Constitution in the per­ DES as a prescriptive drug in the 1950's to amendment, this body made clear its sisting milltary interventions in Indochina. prevent miscarriages. While on the surface disapproval of the administration's The funding of foreign mercenaries in Laos each of these considerations may appear to bombing of Cambodia. The Senate Ap­ is spec1fi.cally forbidden in an amendment to be decisive, in fact the picture is far more propriations Committee yesterday voted the Department of Defense authorization complex. unanimously to impose an absolute cut­ bill for 1971. The Administration has argued First, the only use of DES that ever has in the past that these mercenaries in Laos been associated with human cancer is the off on all present and past appropriations were all indigenous "volunteers" of Thai prescriptive use described above, no longer for U.S. bombing of Cambodia and Laos, origin. But inquiries by Senate investigators practiced. In order to consume the same and it is expected that the full Senate and American correspondents have revealed amount of DES as the women who took that will soon adopt this position. that the "volunteers" were in fact reservists prescription, one would have to eat liver The White House, in its typically ar­ who had come from Thailand and expected to containing two parts per billion of DES at rogant fashion, has already announced return there. a rate of between 5,500 and 137,000 pounds that it will ignore any actions Congress In addition to being flagrantly illegal, con­ per day I Or from another perspective, if tinuing American. support for the Thai mer­ DES were present in liver at that concen­ takes to halt the Cambodian bombing. cenaries violates the spirit of the Paris ac­ tration, a person would have to eat 500 This is regardless of the fact that con­ cords and contradicts Administration claims pounds of it to obtain an amount of estrogen tinued bombing after Senate action that it is disengaging from Indochina, es­ equivalent to the normal dally estrogen would clearly be illegal. pecially if, as a Senate source has indicated, production of a mature woman. However, this should not be surpris­ their numbers were drastically increased late FDA's latest action is based upon a new ing, for the recent discoveries that have last year in anticipation of the Vietnam radioactive residue-measurement technique been made in the Watergate affair dem­ cease-fire agreement. of amazing capab111ty. The residues reported, onstrate that many in this administra­ Congress obviously must take addlttona.l which range up to only 12 parts per trillion, steps to insure that its will is followed to are far more minute than those associated tion are not particularly concerned with the letter in Laos as well as in Cambodia and with previous detections or the amounts in what is legal or illegal. elsewhere throughout Indochina. the above comparison. To provide an indica­ In connection with U.S. activities in tion, two parts per billion is equal to a drop Indochina, the administration has re­ and a half in 25 thousand gallons; two parts cently admitted that the U.S. Govern­ per trillion thus would be a drop and half in ment is paying some 15,000 to 20,000 Thai 25 m111ion gallons. One part per trillion NATIONAL POLICE WEEK eauals about one second in 33 thousand troops to stay in Laos. This is merely years! one more example of the administration's Refinement of this degree carries implica­ disregard for the law. Not only is this HON. LAWRENCE J. HOGAN tions for "zero residue" that were unimagina­ financing of troops 1llegal, but it clearly OF MARYLAND ble a decade ago when the law was passed. I violates the Paris Peace Agreement. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES applaud the researchers for developing and I would like to insert into the RECORD implementing this technology, but now call Wednesday, May 16, 1973 upon Congress to bring the law up-to-date. two New York Times editorials that ad­ I will introduce a bill next week authorizing dress themselves to United States in­ Mr. HOGAN. Mr. Speake.r, the week the National Academy of Sciences to initiate volvement in Indochina. As the editorials of May 13 is designated as National a one-year study of whether the residue re- state, it is time for Congress to take the Police Week and I would like to call to 16050 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 16, 1973 the attention of my colleagues an article President Nixon, in his radio address on moting better safety on the highways, it was law enforcement and drug abuse prevention decided that the first award should be in from the Law Officer, written by Rev. R. on March 10, 1973, said: "When I saw and honor of this work," he stated. Joseph Dooley, chaplain for the Interna­ heard the l!"emal'ks of our returning prisoners Rep. Harsha, ranking minority member of tional Conference of Police Associations. of war, so strong and confident and proud, the House Public Works Committee and its This timely article reflects the need to I realized that we were seeing men of tough Roads Subcommittee, was made the first replenish part of the American patriot­ moral fibre, men who reflected, despite their recipient of the award for his "Omnibus ism that some have attempted to deride long absence from America, what America is Highway Safety Act," a 12-point proposal and ridicule. all about . . . To accept anything less than emphasizing road safety, which he conceived a nation free from crime is to be satisfied and introduced. The bill was included in the The article follows: with something less than America can be 1972 Federal Aid Highway Act which narrow­ GOD BLESS AMERICA and ought to be for all our people." ly missed passage prior to adjournment of (By Rev. R. Joseph Dooley, Chaplain !.C.P.A.) The Pollee Officer is part of this American the 92nd Congress. In recent years, some neo-sociologists have heritage. His or her life is built around a LEGISLATION TO BE REINTRODUCED TO CONGRESS denigrated the average American's love of strong sense of the common good and a sense In accepting the awards, Rep. Harsha said, country, warning that "waving the flag" is of patroitism. In the police ranks, there is "We came very close to approving highway an infantile disease we should long ago have no room for sardonic, timed rationalizing safety legislation in America, which, when outgrown-as they obviously have. The syn­ that lessens personal commitment and implemented, will bring about dramatic re­ drome, they say, prevents us from looking at courageous respect for responsible duty. ductions in accidents. My studies indicate our faults objectively and thus deters re­ The price the police officer pays for this is that upwards of 10,000 lives will be saved forms desperately needed. sometimes high. We need to remind our­ each year with commensurate decreases in I doubt they can root out the dread virus, selves often of our priceless heritage and of injuries and property damage. I am hopeful however, for patriotism seems to me a reflex, our spiritual success-so we proudly wear that this measure will be approved." Mr. much like breathing. The symptoms appear the flag of our country. We must be faithful Harsha reports he has readied new high way early in life-as when we root for our school to our ideals as pollee officers and sincere in safety legislation for introduction early in in a track meet; and as 50,000 die-hard Red­ our pursuit of what is right. Because each the next session of Congress which begins in skin fans go berserk with delight as "their one of you "are honored to have the oppor­ January. team" wins the championship and goes to tunity to serve your country under difficult "Although much has been achieved in the Superbowl. circumstances . . . " highway safety, the population death rate Yet, thanks to the increasing effort of this ·God bless America and our police. in America from automotive accidents has dedicated sociological cult, there is some ero­ increased in the last decade almost 30 per­ sion in our patriotism. I see it in such things cent," he told the distinguished group of as George Washington's Birthday, Independ­ British Members of Parliament and traffic ence Day, and Thanksgiving being celebrated U.S. CONGRESSMAN HARSHA RE­ safety leaders. as commercial sales days rather than com­ CEIVES FIRST INTERNATIONAL "For every fatality, there are between ten memorating a National Event. SAFETY AWARD AT PARLIAMEN­ and eleven serious injuries," he pointed out. A letter that was published in the New TARY DINNER IN LONDON "This means that last year in America 600,- York Times last year condemned the display 000 people were carried from the scene of of the flag by police officers on their uniforms accidents, dead or alive." as a "shocking ... misuse of the flag." The Congressman Harsha cited "the need to reason given was that the flag has become HON. WILMER MIZELL search for new approaches to reduce the the symbol of a pro-Administration position OF NORTH CAROLINA carnage on our roads and to improve the on the War in Vietnam, and therefore places standard of professionalism we bring to bear the policeman on one side of a political dis­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES upon the problem. pute. Wednesday, May 16, 1973 "I strongly believe in the interchange of Why is this? ideas and programs between nations. The solution, it seems to me, is not to deny Mr. MIZELL. Mr. Speaker, as many of Through such cross-fertilization we can as­ the police officer the right to wear the most my colleagues already know, the distin­ sure eventual success of our combined efforts. precious symbol of our nationhood. On the guished ranking minority member of the I hope that this International Road Safety contrary, every American ought to be en­ Committee on Public Works