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The Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation Annual Report 2003

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The Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation Annual Report 2003 The Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation Annual Report 2003 03 the bank of sweden tercentenary foundation annual report 2003 Stiftelsen Riksbankens Jubileumsfond The Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation Annual Report 2003 7 managing director’s comments 57 nils erik villstrand: the finnish and swedish languages as mouth, brain 13 activities in support of research and heart 14 Procedure new research projects in 2003 15 Follow-up and evaluation 65 Project follow-up 15 68 The Bank of Sweden Donation 19 Report on longitudinal studies of health 91 The Humanities and Social Sciences science Donation 20 Evaluation of the Bank of Sweden 96 Infrastructural Support Tercentenary Foundation 105 statistical information on 21 Grants for research projects and infra- research grants structural support 107 The Bank of Sweden Donation 22 Grants to initiate research 112 The Humanities and Social Sciences Nobel Symposiums 26 Donation Scholarships 26 115 Infrastructural Support 28 Graduate schools Graduate School in Modern Languages 28 117 annual report Graduate School in Mathematics with an The aims of the Foundation 117 emphasis on teaching methods 28 The year’s activities 118 The Swedish School of Advanced Asia-Pacific Evaluation 119 Studies – SSAAPS 29 Result and financial status 120 Graduate School for Museum Officials 31 Financial result 124 32 Sector committees 125 Financial operations – five-year summary The Sector Committee for Research on 126 Table 1: Financial result Knowledge and Society 32 127 Income Statement The Sector Committee for Research on Culture, Security and Sustainable Social 128 Balance sheet Development 33 130 Cash flow statement The Sector Committee for Research on Civil 131 Accounting and valuation principles Society 38 136 Notes A new sector committee 39 151 Auditor’s report for the Bank of Sweden 40 Co-operation with the Riksdag Tercentenary Foundation The role of the Speaker 40 152 Audit Report Women and power 41 154 donations at market value Anders Chydenius 41 The Foundation Creative Man 42 157 Publications by the Foundation 43 International commitments 159 Board of Trustees The European Foundation Centre 43 159 Advisory Committee A European Research Council 43 159 Finance Committee Collaboration with Institutes of Advanced 159 Auditors Studies 49 159 Preparatory Committees 2003–2004 Interaction across the Gulf of Bothnia 50 161 Sector Committees Project 2005 52 162 Graduate Schools Cultural-political research 53 163 Secretariat 165 Picture captions 101 Bergman Interface Managing Director’s Comments n 2005 the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation will have complet- ed its 40th year of operations. Its birth may be closely related to the time when the Swedish welfare system was in a process of rapid and qualita- Itive expansion. An efficient research council system was complemented by needs-motivated research being developed sector by sector. Since the middle of the 1960s the universities have also experienced a very strong quantitative expansion while the resources for needs-motivated re- search have decreased and been concentrated in fewer areas. Research work at the universities, as far as basic grants are concerned, is mainly directed towards training new generations of researchers. There has been a parallel development in many countries in Europe. The Nordic Council of Ministers has carried out a survey of state grants to R&D in the Nordic countries during the years 1991–2003. An analysis supports the claim that state support for research during this period had a considerably lower rate of growth in Sweden than in the other Nordic countries. Until 1996 Sweden had the highest percentage of state research support per capita. By 2003 both Iceland and Norway had overtaken Sweden, and Finland had drawn level with a very large increase (25%) in public funds for R&D during 1996–1999. This relative weakening of state support has only to a small extent been balanced by the support given by research foundations. Even if the government and the Riksdag were to approve 100 per cent of the applications for grants amounting to SEK 7.5 billion that were recently presented to the government by the research councils, universities, university colleges and academies, it would not be possible for Sweden to regain the position it held in the Nordic countries only ten years ago. However, Sweden still retains a leading position in 7 8 The Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation respect of support for research to universities and university colleges chan- nelled through the research council system. The competition for public funds has increased dramatically in recent years, not only in Sweden and the Nordic countries but in the whole of the OECD area. This means that the demands for better and more selective control of the funds available have also increased greatly, which raises the question of how it will be possible to provide guarantees that the resources will be allocated to the best-qualified researchers in Sweden, in the Nordic countries and in Europe. This important question has now become a burn- ing issue in the debate on research policy. It is evident that there is a great need for rules that above all support qualitative development in basic research. On account of the growing competition, universities and univer- sity colleges will receive increased basic resources only if they are able to attract external resources for research. It may even be questioned whether the division between basic resources and external resources for research is any longer relevant since external grants are to a large extent now used as support for the basic infrastructure of universities and university colleges. Many countries have now changed their research support systems in accordance with this selective financing model. From 2005 the Nordic Council of Ministers will mainly support centres of excellence through the new research and innovation council (NORIA). The recently presented Managing Director’s Comments 9 proposal for a European Research Council (ERC), which, it may be hoped, will be realised within the scope of the seventh framework program, will have a similar aim; this means that support will be given to researchers and research groups only on the basis of qualitative criteria. (For further details, see the section entitled “A European Research Council”.) It is against this backdrop that the Board of the Foundation has carried out thorough eval- uations of both the Foundation’s financial management and its research- supporting activities. On the basis of these reports and other information a new strategy for financial management has already been formulated and a decision in principle has been taken on a new course for its research-sup- porting activities after the Foundation’s 40th anniversary in 2005. The increasing number of applications to the Foundation is primarily a consequence of education at the university level having expanded very con- siderably while the resources for scientifically-motivated research have not developed at all in the same way. This is illustrated as far as the Foundation is concerned by the fact that only eight of 275 applications (2.9%) for grants from the Humanities and Social Sciences Donation could be approved for 2004. This was the lowest percentage in the history of the Foundation. The Board therefore decided that funds for new research projects from this donation should not be announced for 2004. The Board wanted to create a necessary breathing space for the Foundation so as to be able to formulate new guidelines for future research support in the light of the evaluations mentioned above. Thus, on the basis of the Foundation’s present statutes the Board has established a number of basic principles that will be presented in greater detail during 2004. This work will be carried out along the following guidelines: One-time grants All support from the Foundation will be in the form of one-time grants. This will facilitate both internal financial planning and relations with the researchers concerned and the institutions that administer the grants. One- time grants will formally cover the whole of the relevant project period but will be complemented with special regulations for payment and scientific and financial follow-up. Large and long-term This means that research programs/projects can be allocated a total of SEK research grants 30–50 million over a period of 6–8 years. These programs/projects are to consist of senior researchers, post-doctors and in certain cases postgraduate students who are in the final stage of their doctoral course. Post-doctoral grants Special post-doctoral support can comprise the following components: • “Small projects” aimed particularly at young researchers. • Individual post-doctoral scholarships, including work abroad, where the four-year Pro-Futura program in memory of Torgny Segerstedt will play an important part. 75 In the aftermath of the ‘Döda fallet disaster’: conceptions of catastrophes, nature and justice Managing Director’s Comments 11 • Individual grants to future research leaders which will be aimed at young researchers at the assistant professor level. • Specially tailored post-doctoral programs. In addition, the Foundation will, of course, maintain the special forms of support for Infrastructure and Initiating Research. The contacts and col- laboration with international research that have increased over the past few years will also receive further support. At the time of writing the spring solstice has just come to our dark part of the world and we are happy to be moving once more towards brighter times. On the financial markets, too, there seem to be signs of a somewhat brighter future after a couple of really dark years. Now that it is time to sum up the past year and to make a few guesses about the future, one feels a growing optimism about the continuing potential of a research foundation like the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation to contribute over the long term to the development of quality in research in the humanities and social sciences.
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