Russia and Islam Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, both the Russian state and Russia’s Muslim communities have struggled to fi nd a new modus vivendi in a rapidly changing domestic and international socio-political context. At the same time as Islamic religious belief and practice have fl ourished, the state has become increas- ingly concerned about the security implications of this religious revival, refl ecting and responding to a more general international concern over radicalized political Islam. This book examines contemporary developments in Russian politics, how they impact on Russia’s Muslim communities, how these communities are help- ing to shape the Russian state, and what insights this provides to the nature and identity of the Russian state in both its inward and outward projection. The book provides an up-to-date and broad-ranging analysis of the opportunities and challenges confronting contemporary Muslim communities in Russia that is not confi ned in scope to Chechnya or the North Caucasus, and which goes beyond simplistic characterisations of Muslims as a ‘threat’. Instead, it engages with the role of political Islam in Russia in a nuanced way, sensitive to regional and confessional differences, highlighting Islam’s impact on domestic and foreign policy and investigating sources of both radicalization and de-radicalization. Roland Dannreuther is Professor and Head of the Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Westminster, UK. Luke March is Senior Lecturer in Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics at the School of Social and Political Science, University of Edinburgh, UK. BASEES/Routledge Series on Russian and East European Studies Series editor: Richard Sakwa, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Kent Editorial Committee: Julian Cooper, Centre for Russian and East European Studies, University of Birmingham Terry Cox, Department of Central and East European Studies, University of Glasgow Rosalind Marsh, Department of European Studies and Modern Languages, University of Bath David Moon, Department of History, University of Durham Hilary Pilkington, Department of Sociology, University of Warwick Stephen White, Department of Politics, University of Glasgow Founding Editorial Committee Member: George Blazyca, Centre for Contemporary European Studies, University of Paisley This series is published on behalf of BASEES (the British Association for Slavonic and East European Studies). The series comprises original, high-quality, research-level work by both new and established scholars on all aspects of Russian, Soviet, post-Soviet and East European Studies in humanities and social science subjects. 1 Ukraine’s Foreign and Security 5 Political Elites and the New Policy, 1991–2000 Russia Roman Wolczuk Anton Steen 2 Political Parties in the Russian 6 Dostoevsky and the Idea of Regions Russianness Derek S. Hutcheson Sarah Hudspith 3 Local Communities and Post- Communist Transformation 7 Performing Russia – Folk Edited by Simon Smith Revival and Russian Identity Laura J. Olson 4 Repression and Resistance in Communist Europe 8 Russian Transformations J.C. Sharman Edited by Leo McCann 9 Soviet Music and Society 17 The Legacy of Soviet Dissent under Lenin and Stalin Dissidents, democratisation and The baton and sickle Radical nationalism in Russia Edited by Neil Edmunds Robert Horvath 10 State Building in Ukraine 18 Russian and Soviet Film The Ukrainian parliament, Adaptations of Literature, 1990–2003 1900–2001 Sarah Whitmore Screening the Word Edited by Stephen Hutchings and 11 Defending Human Rights Anat Vernitski in Russia Sergei Kovalyov, Dissident and Human Rights Commissioner, 19 Russia as a Great Power 1969–2003 Dimensions of security Emma Gilligan under Putin Edited by Jakob Hedenskog, 12 Small-Town Russia Vilhelm Konnander, Bertil Postcommunist livelihoods and Nygren, Ingmar Oldberg and identities a portrait of the Christer Pursiainen intelligentsia in Achit, Bednodemyanovsk and Zubtsov, 20 Katyn and the Soviet Massacre 1999–2000 of 1940 Anne White Truth, justice and memory George Sanford 13 Russian Society and the Orthodox Church 21 Conscience, Dissent and Religion in Russia after Reform in Soviet Russia Communism Philip Boobbyer Zoe Knox 22 The Limits of Russian 14 Russian Literary Culture in Democratisation the Camera Age Emergency powers and states The word as image of emergency Stephen Hutchings Alexander N. Domrin 15 Between Stalin and Hitler Class war and race war on the 23 The Dilemmas of Dvina, 1940–46 Destalinisation Geoffrey Swain A social and cultural history of reform in the Khrushchev era 16 Literature in Post-Communist Edited by Polly Jones Russia and Eastern Europe The Russian, Czech and Slovak 24 News Media and Power in fi ction of the changes 1988–98 Russia Rajendra A. Chitnis Olessia Koltsova 25 Post-Soviet Civil Society 34 Chechnya – Russia’s “War Democratization in Russia and on Terror” the Baltic states John Russell Anders Uhlin 35 The New Right in the 26 The Collapse of Communist New Europe Power in Poland Czech transformation and Jacqueline Hayden right-wing politics, 1989–2006 Seán Hanley 27 Television, Democracy and Elections in Russia 36 Democracy and Myth in Sarah Oates Russia and Eastern Europe Edited by Alexander Wöll and 28 Russian Constitutionalism Harald Wydra Historical and contemporary development 37 Energy Dependency, Politics Andrey N. Medushevsky and Corruption in the Former Soviet Union 29 Late Stalinist Russia Russia’s power, oligarchs’ Society between reconstruction profi ts and Ukraine’s missing and reinvention energy policy, 1995–2006 Edited by Juliane Margarita M. Balmaceda 30 The Transformation of 38 Peopling the Russian Urban Space in Post-Soviet Periphery Russia Borderland colonization in Konstantin Axenov, Isolde Brade Eurasian history and Evgenij Bondarchuk Edited by Nicholas B Breyfogle, Abby Schrader and Willard Sunderland 31 Western Intellectuals and the Soviet Union, 1920–40 39 Russian Legal Culture Before From Red Square to the and After Communism Left Bank Criminal justice, politics and the Ludmila Stern public sphere Frances Nethercott 32 The Germans of the Soviet Union 40 Political and Social Thought in Irina Mukhina Post-Communist Russia Axel Kaehne 33 Re-constructing the Post-Soviet Industrial Region 41 The Demise of the Soviet The Donbas in transition Communist Party Edited by Adam Swain Atsushi Ogushi 42 Russian Policy towards China 50 The Emancipation of the Serfs and Japan in Russia The El‘tsin and Putin Periods Peace arbitrators and the Natasha Kuhrt development of civil society Roxanne Easley 43 Soviet Karelia Politics, planning and terror in 51 Federalism and Local Politics Stalin’s Russia, 1920–1939 in Russia Nick Baron Edited by Cameron Ross and Adrian Campbell 44 Reinventing Poland Economic and political 52 Transitional Justice in transformation and evolving Eastern Europe and the national identity former Soviet Union Edited by Martin Myant and Reckoning with the Terry Cox communist past Edited by Lavinia Stan 45 The Russian Revolution in Retreat, 1920–24 53 The Post-Soviet Russian Media Soviet workers and the New Confl icting signals Communist elite Edited by Birgit Beumers, Simon Pirani Stephen Hutchings and Natalia Rulyova 46 Democratisation and Gender in Contemporary 54 Minority Rights in Central and Russia Eastern Europe Suvi Salmenniemi Edited by Bernd Rechel 47 Narrating Post/Communism Colonial discourse and Europe’s 55 Television and Culture in borderline civilization Putin’s Russia Nataša Kovaevi Remote control Stephen Hutchings and Natalia Rulyova 48 Globalization and the State in Central and Eastern Europe The politics of foreign direct 5 6 The Making of Modern investment Lithuania Jan Drahokoupil Tomas Balkelis 49 Local Politics and 57 Soviet State and Society under Democratisation in Russia Nikita Khrushchev Cameron Ross Melanie Ilic and Jeremy Smith 58 Communism, Nationalism 63 Russia’s Federal Relations and Ethnicity in Poland, Putin’s reforms and 1944–1950 management of the regions Michael Fleming Elena A. Chebankova 59 Democratic Elections in Poland, 64 Constitutional Bargaining 1991–2007 in Russia 1990–93 Frances Millard Information and uncertainty Edward Morgan-Jones 60 Critical Theory in Russia and the West 65 Building Big Business Alastair Renfrew and Galin in Russia Tihanov The impact of informal corporate governance practices 61 Promoting Democracy and Yuko Adachi Human Rights in Russia European organization and 66 Russia and Islam Russia’s socialization State, society and radicalism Sinikukka Saari Roland Dannreuther and Luke March 62 The Myth of the Russian Intelligentsia Old intellectuals in the new Russia Inna Kochetkova Russia and Islam State, society and radicalism Edited by Roland Dannreuther and Luke March First published 2010 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 270 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10016 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2010. To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk. © 2010 Roland Dannreuther and Luke March All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval