The Biology of the Three Species of Phasmatids (Phasmatodea) Which Occur in Plague Numbers in Forests of Southeastern Australia K
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Stick Insects Fact Sheet
Stick Insects Fact Sheet Female Titan Stick Insect. Image: QM, Jeff Wright. Introduction Biology Stick and leaf insects, scientifically known as phasmids, Females lay eggs one at a time, often with a flick of their are among the largest of all insects in the world. At 26 cm, abdomens to throw the egg some distance. An individual the Titan Stick Insect (Acrophylla titan) is the longest of female drops eggs at a rate of one to several per day and all Australian insects. Phasmids have perfected the art of she can produce between 100 and 1,300 eggs in her life- camouflage. Some resemble sticks and foliage so closely time. They fall to the ground and lie in the leaf litter. they even feature false buds, thorns and ragged leaf-like flanges. Small wonder they are rarely seen except after storms when they are blown out of threes and shrubs. Phasmids are sometimes confused with a different group of insects, the mantids. Also called Praying Mantids, these are predators with large, spiny front legs, held folded ready to strike and grasp prey. In contrast, Phasmids are herbivores (plant-eaters) with simple front legs that are similar in size and structure to their other legs. A variety of insect eggs. (on left). An ant carrying a stick insect egg (on right). Images: QM, Jeff Wright. All stick insects feed on fresh leaves. Some browse on a wide variety of trees and shrubs but others are fussy, eating only a limited range of host plants that are often closely Stick insect eggs are generally oval, and superficially seed- related to each other. -
Insects, Beetles, Bugs and Slugs of Mt Gravatt Conservation Reserve
Insects, beetles, bugs and slugs of Mt Gravatt Conservation Reserve Compiled by: Michael Fox www.megoutlook.org/flora-fauna/ © 2015-20 Creative Commons – free use with attribution to Mt Gravatt Environment Group Ants Dolichoderinae Iridomyrmex sp. Small Meat Ant Attendant “Kropotkin” ants with caterpillar of Imperial Hairstreak butterfly. Ants provide protection in return for sugary fluids secreted by the caterpillar. Note the strong jaws. These ants don’t sting but can give a powerful bite. Kropotkin is a reference to Russian biologist Peter Kropotkin who proposed a concept of evolution based on “mutual aid” helping species from ants to higher mammals survive. 4-Nov-20 Insects Beetles and Bugs - ver 5.9.docx Page 1 of 59 Mt Gravatt Environment Group – www.megoutlook.wordpress.com Insects, beetles, bugs and slugs of Mt Gravatt Conservation Reserve Formicinae Opisthopsis rufithorax Black-headed Strobe Ant Formicinae Camponotus consobrinus Banded Sugar Ant Size 10mm Eggs in rotting log 4-Nov-20 Insects Beetles and Bugs - ver 5.9.docx Page 2 of 59 Mt Gravatt Environment Group – www.megoutlook.wordpress.com Insects, beetles, bugs and slugs of Mt Gravatt Conservation Reserve Formicinae Camponotus nigriceps Black-headed Sugar Ant 4-Nov-20 Insects Beetles and Bugs - ver 5.9.docx Page 3 of 59 Mt Gravatt Environment Group – www.megoutlook.wordpress.com Insects, beetles, bugs and slugs of Mt Gravatt Conservation Reserve Formicinae Polyrhachis ammon Golden-tailed Spiny Ant Large spines at rear of thorax Nest 4-Nov-20 Insects Beetles and Bugs - ver 5.9.docx Page 4 of 59 Mt Gravatt Environment Group – www.megoutlook.wordpress.com Insects, beetles, bugs and slugs of Mt Gravatt Conservation Reserve Formicinae Polyrhachis australis Rattle Ant Black Weaver Ant or Dome-backed Spiny Ant Feeding on sugar secretions produced by Redgum Lerp Psyllid. -
Goliath Stick Insect
Husbandry Manual for Eurycnema goliath Tara Bearman Husbandry Manual for Goliath Stick Insect Eurycnema goliath (Gray, 1834) (Insecta: Phasmatidae) Compiled by: Tara Bearman Date of Preparation: 2007 Western Sydney Institute of TAFE, Richmond Course Name and Number: 1068 Certificate III –Captive Animals Lecturer: Graeme Phipps 1 Husbandry Manual for Eurycnema goliath Tara Bearman TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 6 2 TAXONOMY ....................................................................................................................................... 7 2.1 NOMENCLATURE............................................................................................................................. 7 2.2 SUBSPECIES................................................................................................................................... 7 2.3 RECENT SYNONYMS ....................................................................................................................... 7 2.4 OTHER COMMON NAMES ................................................................................................................ 7 3 NATURAL HISTORY........................................................................................................................ 8 3.1 MORPHOMETRICS........................................................................................................................... 9 3.1.1 Mass and -
2008/2009 Annual Report Australian
The Hon. Nathan Rees, MP Premier and Minister for the Arts Sir, In accordance with the provisions of the Annual Reports (Statutory Bodies) Act 1984 and the Public Finance and Audit Act 1983 we have pleasure in submitting this report of the activities of the Australian Museum Trust for the financial year ended 30 June 2009 for presentation to Parliament. On behalf of the Australian Museum Trust, Brian Sherman, AM President of the Trust Frank Howarth Secretary of the Trust Australian Museum Annual Report 2008–2009 iii MINISTER AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM The Hon. Nathan Rees, MP 6 College Street Sydney NSW 2010 Premier and Minister for the Arts Open daily 9.30 am – 5.00 pm (except 25 December) GOVERNANCE t 02 9320 6000 f 02 9320 6050 The Museum is governed by a Trust [email protected] established under the Australian Museum www.australianmuseum.net.au Trust Act 1975. The Trust currently has eleven members, one of whom must have ADMISSION CHARGES knowledge of, or experience in, science, one of whom must have knowledge of, or General Museum entry experience in, education and one of whom Adult $12 must have knowledge of, or experience Child (5 –15 years) $6 in, Australian Indigenous culture. Trustees are appointed by the Governor on the Concession $8 recommendation of the Minister for a Family (one adult, two children) $18 term of up to three years. Trustees may Family (two adults, two children) $30 hold no more than three terms. Vacancies Each additional child $3 may be filled by the Governor on the recommendation of the Minister. -
Phasmid Studies ISSN 09660011 Volume 3, Numbers 1 & 2
Phasmid Studies ISSN 09660011 volume 3, numbers 1 & 2. Contents A redefinition of the orientation ter minology of phasmid eggs J.T .C . Sellick . T he evolution and subsequent classification of the Phasmatodea Robert Lind . .. 3 PSG 149, Achrioptera sp. Frank Hennemann . .. 6 Reviews and Abstracts Book Reviews 12 Journal Review . .. 14 Phasmid Abstracts . 15 PSG 146, Centema hadrillus (Westwood) P.E . Bragg 23 A Check List of Type Species of Phasmid Genera P.E. Bragg 28 The Distribution of Asceles margaritatus in Borneo P.E. Bragg 39 The Phasmid Database: version 1.5 P.E. Bragg 4 1 Reviews and Abstracts Phasmid Abstracts . .. 43 Cover illustration : Echinoclonia exotica (Brunne r), by P. E. Bragg. A redefinition of the orientation terminology of phasmid eggs. J.T.C. Sellick, 31 Regem Street, Kdterin~. Nnrthanl~. U.K. Key words Phasmida, Egg Tanninology, Onemation. The article on Dinophasma gwrigera (Westwood) (Bragg 1993) raised the question of how one determines dorsal and ventral surfaces on eggs in which the micropylar plate circles the egg. In the case of this species (by comparison with other Aschiphasmatinae eggs) it would appear that the dorsal surface has been correetly identified as that bearing the micropyle, since it is typical in eggs of this group that the operculum should be lilted ventrally and the micropylar plate should bear a ventral central stripe. The orientation would be confirmed by examination of the internal plate as indicated below. a a d (0) p p 1 d (c) (d) (e) Figure 1. The egg of Ortttomcrio supcrba (Redtenbacher}, a) dorsal view, b) lateral view, c) internal micropylar plate tlattened out. -
Insects, Extatosoma Tiaratum (Macleay, 1826) by David S
The Phasmid Study Group JUNE 2013 NEWSLETTER No 130 ISSN 0268-3806 Extatosoma tiaratum © Paul Brock See Page 11. INDEX Page Content Page Content 2. The Colour Page 9. Phasmid Books – Gray 1833 3. Editorial 10. My Little Friends 3. PSG Membership Details 11. PSG Winter Meeting 19.1.13 3. The PSG Committee 12. Sticks go to School 4. PSG Website Update 13. Development of Phasmid Species List Part 5 4. Contributions to the Newsletter 15. A New Leaf Insect Rearer’s Book 4. Diary Dates 16. X-Bugs 5. PSG Summer Meeting Agenda 16. Dad! It’s Raining Stick Insects 6. PSG Summer Meeting 17. BIAZA Big Bug Bonanza 6. Livestock Report 17. Stick Talk 7. PSG Merchandise Update 18. Holiday to Colombia 7. Newsletter Survey Results 19. Questions 8. National Insect Week @ Bristol Zoo Gardens 20. Macleay’s Spectre It is to be directly understood that all views, opinions or theories, expressed in the pages of "The Newsletter“ are those of the author(s) concerned. All announcements of meetings, and requests for help or information, are accepted as bona fide. Neither the Editor, nor Officers of "The Phasmid Study Group", can be held responsible for any loss, embarrassment or injury that might be sustained by reliance thereon. THE COLOUR PAGE! Acrophylla titan female. Picture on left, becomes picture on right. Unknown species. See page 18. See page 9. Ctenomorpha Acanthoxyla spp, brown version. See page 8. Acanthoxyla spp, green version. See page 8. marginipennis. See page 10. Pictures on the left are from when Sir David Attenborough went to Bristol Zoo Gardens on 21st May 2013 to film for his “Natural Curiosities” series, where he focused on butterflies (regarding metamorphosis) with a short piece on parthenogenesis – hence the Phyllium giganteum he is holding in the photo. -
Phasma Gigas from New Ireland Mark Bushell
ISSN 0966-0011 PHASMID STUDIES. volume 8, numbers 1 & 2. December 1999. Editor: P.E. Bragg. Published by the Phasmid Study Group. Phasmid Studies ISSN 0966-0011 volume 8, numbers 1 & 2. Contents Studies of the genus Phalces Stal Paul D. Brock . 1 Redescription of Mantis filiformes Fabricius (Phasmatidae: Bacteriinae) Paul D. Brock . 9 Phasmida in Oceania Allan Harman . 13 A Report on a Culture of Phasma gigas from New Ireland Mark Bushell . 20 Reviews and Abstracts Phasmid Abstracts 25 Cover illustration: Female Spinodares jenningsi Bragg, drawing by P.E. Bragg. Studies of the genus Phalces Stal Paul D. Brock, "Papillon", 40 Thorndike Road, Slough SU ISR, UK. Abstract Phalces tuberculatus sp.n. is described from Eland's Bay, Cape Province, South Africa. A key is given to distinguish the Phalces species. Brief notes are given on behaviour, foodplants, and culture notes in the case of P. longiscaphus (de Haan). Key words: Phasmida, Phalces, Phalcestuberculatus sp.n, Introduction As part of my studies on South African stick-insects, I visited Cape Town in September 1998. My research included an examination of the entomology collection at the South African Museum in Cape Town, in addition to material of Phalces species in various museums, observing P. longiscaphus in the wild and rearing this species in captivity. The observations include the description of Phalces tuberculatus sp.n. and a key to distinguish the three Phalces species (of which a Madagascan insect is unlikely to belong to this genus). Museum codens are given below: BMNH Natural History Museum, London, U.K. NHMW Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien, Austria. -
Sipyloidea Sipylus) Tara L
Proc. R. Soc. B (2006) 273, 1811–1814 doi:10.1098/rspb.2006.3508 Published online 30 March 2006 Leg regeneration stunts wing growth and hinders flight performance in a stick insect (Sipyloidea sipylus) Tara L. Maginnis* Division of Biological Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA Major morphological structures are sometimes produced not once, but twice. For example, stick insects routinely shed legs to escape a predator or tangled moult, and these legs are subsequently re-grown. Here, I show that in Sipyloidea sipylus, re-growth of a leg during development causes adults to have disproportionately smaller wings and increases wing loading. These morphological consequences of leg regeneration led to significant reductions in several biologically relevant measures of individual flight performance. This previously unrecognized tradeoff between legs and wings reveals the integrated nature of phasmid phenotypes, and I propose how this tradeoff may have shaped phasmid evolution. Keywords: tradeoffs; regeneration; stick insects; evolution; flight 1. INTRODUCTION significantly reduced fecundity (Smyth 1974; Maiorana Tradeoffs are fundamental to life history and evolution, 1977; Dial & Fitzpatrick 1981; Norman & Jones 1993). since they can link the expression of multiple traits, However, tradeoffs between somatic and reproductive impeding the independent evolution of either trait growth are not the only types of allocation tradeoffs that (Needham & Stearns 1992; Roff 1992). One intuitive can affect fitness. Here I show for a species of stick insect, way to study tradeoffs is to quantify the costs of Sipyloidea sipylus (Westwood, figure 1), that producing a allocating resources to the production of a focal trait; leg for a second time can affect animal shape, and that this although it is obvious that developing structures require negatively impacts animal performance. -
VKM Rapportmal
VKM Report 2016: 36 Assessment of the risks to Norwegian biodiversity from the import and keeping of terrestrial arachnids and insects Opinion of the Panel on Alien Organisms and Trade in Endangered species of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety Report from the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) 2016: Assessment of risks to Norwegian biodiversity from the import and keeping of terrestrial arachnids and insects Opinion of the Panel on Alien Organisms and Trade in Endangered species of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety 29.06.2016 ISBN: 978-82-8259-226-0 Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) Po 4404 Nydalen N – 0403 Oslo Norway Phone: +47 21 62 28 00 Email: [email protected] www.vkm.no www.english.vkm.no Suggested citation: VKM (2016). Assessment of risks to Norwegian biodiversity from the import and keeping of terrestrial arachnids and insects. Scientific Opinion on the Panel on Alien Organisms and Trade in Endangered species of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety, ISBN: 978-82-8259-226-0, Oslo, Norway VKM Report 2016: 36 Assessment of risks to Norwegian biodiversity from the import and keeping of terrestrial arachnids and insects Authors preparing the draft opinion Anders Nielsen (chair), Merethe Aasmo Finne (VKM staff), Maria Asmyhr (VKM staff), Jan Ove Gjershaug, Lawrence R. Kirkendall, Vigdis Vandvik, Gaute Velle (Authors in alphabetical order after chair of the working group) Assessed and approved The opinion has been assessed and approved by Panel on Alien Organisms and Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). Members of the panel are: Vigdis Vandvik (chair), Hugo de Boer, Jan Ove Gjershaug, Kjetil Hindar, Lawrence R. -
Indicators of Sustainability for Australian Commercial Forests
This document has been scanned from hard-copy archives for research and study purposes. Please note not all information may be current. We have tried, in preparing this copy, to make the content accessible to the widest possible audience but in some cases we recognise that the automatic text recognition maybe inadequate and we apologise in advance for any inconvenience this may cause. I I FOREST & WOOD PRODUCTS RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION TECHNICAL PUBLICATION NO.3 EVALUATION OF SANTIAGO DECLARATION (MONTREAL PROCESS) INDICATORS OF SUSTAINABILITY FOR AUSTRALIAN COMMERCIAL FORESTS. A NEW SOUTH WALES ALPINE ASH FOREST AS A CASE STUDY John Turner fORfSl &WOOD PRODDC'S EvALUATION OF SANTIAGO (MONTREAL) DECLARATION INDICATORS OF SUSTAINABILl1Y FOR AUSTRALIAN COMMERCIAL FORESTS. A NEW SOUTH WALES ALPINE AsH FOREST AS A CASE STUDY John Turner Forest and Wood Products Research and Development Corporation (FWPRDC) March,1996 The Author: John Turner, Director Research, Research Division, State Forests of New South Wales Scientific Editor: Michelle Johnstone Published by: Research Division, State Forests of New South Wales, 121-131 Oratava Avenue, West Pennant Hills, 211:; P.D. Box 100, Beecroft. 2119 Australia. Copyright © 1996 by State Forests of New South Wales ISBN 07310 6727 4 The research and development activities described in this publication were jointly funded by the Forest and Wood Products Research and Development Corporation (FWPRDC) and organisations listed in the study. The information and recommendations contained in this publication do not necessarily represent the policy ofFWPRDC, or collectively or individually the participating organisations. No person should act on the basis of the contents of this publication, whether as to matters of fact or opinion or other content, without fIrst obtaining specific, independent professional advice which confIrms the information contained in this publication. -
A Monograph of the Amiseginae and Loboscelidiinae (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Biosystematic Studies of Ceylonese Wasps, XI: A Monograph of the Amiseginae and Loboscelidiinae (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae) KARL V. KROMBEIN miut. SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 376 SERIES PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Emphasis upon publication as a means of "diffusing knowledge" was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian. In his formal plan for the Institution, Joseph Henry outlined a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This theme of basic research has been adhered to through the years by thousands of titles issued in series publications under the Smithsonian imprint, commencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Astrophysics Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to Zoo/ogy Smithsonian Studies in Air and Space Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology In these series, the Institution publishes small papers and full-scale monographs that report the research and collections of its various museums and bureaux or of professional colleagues in the world of science and scholarship. The publications are distributed by mailing lists to libraries, universities, and similar institutions throughout the world. Papers or monographs submitted for series publication are received by the Smithsonian Institution Press, subject to its own review for format and style, only through departments of the various Smithsonian museums or bureaux, where the manuscripts are given substantive review. -
The Phasmid Study Group the Phasmid Study Group Newsletter No
The Newsletter of The Phasmid Study Group The Phasmid Study Group Newsletter No. 114 June 2008 ISSN 0268-3806 Oreophoetes peruana Copright Laurence Livermore Index News, Information & Updates .......................................................................................................................................................................................................3 Editorial.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................3 Diary Dates...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................3 Contents of Phasmid Studies, 17(1) .......................................................................................................................................................................................4 Wants & Exchange List............................................................................................................................................................................................................4 Culture Survey 2008 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................6 Sticks in the