Datalink Diagnostics 2019

DATALINK DIAGNOSTICS.

. Simple things to look out for . Communication systems . Instrumentation . 2008 DPF lights and switches . 2010 Gauges (DEF) . Starting & Charging

. Working without information • 800 543 5008 • Schematics • V-Mux relationship reports • Understanding of how the system is supposed to work . Defective tools . Improper use of tools . Wrong tools . Spread out terminals . Corroded terminals . Incorrect modifications

. Start and charging system consists of batteries, starter, alternator, and battery cables. . Spartan Chassis electrical system has dual path (positive and negative) cables for the entire start and charging system. . We do not rely on the frame or cab for return current.

. Charging system utilizes cross-charging method. . Alternator positive tied to first battery on the driver side. . Alternator negative tied to first battery on the officer side. . Helps maintain even charging and discharging of all batteries.

. Electronic control units (engine, trans., etc.) require a noise free, stable voltage source. . Spartan utilizes the batteries to filter electrical noise for clean power. . Clean power is pulled from the opposite end of the battery bank from common loads. . Using the batteries to filter power simplifies wiring - no battery isolators or “electronics” battery.

Clean Ground Clean Power Common Ground

. Provides clean stable power for electronics.

. Provides more even Common charging and Power discharging of entire battery pack.

. This oscilloscope plot shows common power (top) and clean power (bottom) at the batteries during use of Q2B. . Voltage ripple is reduced from 8 V peak-to-peak to less than 1 V peak-to-peak. . Duration of ripple is also decreased.

. Clean Power (Type 1) – Wire SP183 • For electronic controllers • Sourced from the first battery on the officer side . Clean Ground (Type 1) – Wire SP185 • For electronic controllers • Sourced from the first battery on the driver side . Instrument Ground (Type 2) – Wire SP270 • Provides ground for Annunciator Module and gauges • Sourced from the gauge VDC . V-Mux Ground – Wire SP1010 • Provides ground for all chassis nodes

. Radio Power (Type 3) – Wire SP472 • 40 Amp circuit feeds radio power stud behind rocker switches • Sourced from the first battery on the driver side . Radio Ground (Type 3) – Wire SP131 • Feeds radio ground stud behind rocker switches • Sourced from the first battery on the officer side . Common Power (Type 4) – Wires SP459 (Master) and SP460 (Ignition) • Feeds power distribution panel for all other loads, e.g., lights, HVAC, etc. • Sourced from the first battery on the driver side. . Common Ground (Type 4) – Wire SP006 • Ground for all other loads • Sourced from the first battery on the officer side.

. A digital data bus electronic controllers to share information on one physical channel (a twisted pair of wire) . The engine, transmission, ABS, and instrumentation system all have the capability to communicate on a data bus . The data bus also allows for diagnostic tools to communicate with any device on the data bus

0101 001101 0 5V

0V Digital message = 01010011010

. A digital communications use 1’s and 0’s to encode information – these are also called binary numbers . +5 volts on the databus represents a “1”, and 0 volts represents a “0” . Information encoded includes: gauge info (engine RPM, oil pressure, transmission temp., etc.), % throttle, % engine torque, etc.

. For the controllers to communicate they must use a code for the information. This is called a protocol. . The standards for these protocols are controlled by SAE. . Our chassis have two data buses that connect the controllers: • J1587 – Electronic Data Interchange Between Microprocessor Systems in Heavy-Duty Vehicle Applications • J1939 – Recommended Practice for Control and Communications Network for On-highway Equipment

. First Protocol used for electronic engines and transmissions in heavy duty truck applications. . Sends information at 9600 bits per second. . Connects engine, transmission, ABS, and gauges. . Used by Pro-Link tool for diagnostics and programming of controllers. . Used by pump panel devices such as ENFO III and Fire Commander to display RPM, oil pressure, coolant temp, and fault code info.

. Since 2000 – 2006 Spartan Chassis have featured multiplexed gauges. . The gauges use J1587 as the source for all of the engine and transmission information: The fuel and air • Speedometer pressure gauges • Tachometer are not read from the J1587 data • Oil Pressure bus. • Engine coolant temp • Voltmeter • Transmission temp

. J1587 physically is a twisted pair of wires between the engine, transmission, ABS, VDC (gauge controller), and the diagnostic connector. . Wires are twisted to help noise susceptibility and noise radiation.

. Possible failures include: . Open Circuit – an open circuit to one controller will cause that controller to loose communication. All other controllers on the network will still be able to communicate. . Short to +12VDC or Ground – A short on one of the communication wires will bring the network down. No communication is possible.

. Effects of an open circuit to the Engine . Poor shift quality – transmission looses throttle position. . Engine related gauges do not function. . The engine and transmission will not usually detect an open circuit until the vehicle is in motion. . You may need engine diagnostic software to read faults once they go inactive. Only Detroit engines show inactive codes with the on-board blink codes. Ignition On Ignition On Engine Not Engine Vehicle In Running Running Motion Engine Gauges (Tach, Speedo, Oil, Coolant Temp, Volts) None None None Transmission Temp OK OK OK Gauges Air Pressure, Fuel OK OK OK Check Engine Light No No Yes Check Transmission Light Yes* No Yes

Lights ABS Light No No No Engine Active Code No No Yes Transmission Active Code No No Yes