The Soul of a Kutcheri

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

POINT OF VIEW The soul of a kutcheri he post-main part of a KVN spaced out the programme in Carnatic music concert, such a way that he had time to sing which features lighter items, at least five to six songs after the Tis popularly known as the tukkada central piece. The ragas he chose were session. The Music Academy mostly Khamas, Behag, Bagesree, programme list describes this as K.V. Narayanaswamy Nadanamakriya, Ahiri, Neelambari, “Miscellaneous” or “Idhara vagaigal” Sindhubhairavi, Kapi, Surati, Kurinji, in Tamil, meaning sundry items. Is it M.S. Subbulakshmi Brindavana Saranga, Chintamani, fair to so downgrade this segment? Chenchuritti, Manji, Yamunakalyani, Jonpuri and Yadukulakambhoji. I don’t think so. After an elaborate alapana, niraval, kalpana swaras for A leading mridanga vidwan once the main item or central piece of the said that he did not have to worry concert in a ghana raga, followed by about the audience walking out a tani avartanam, comes this beautiful during the tani avartanam when he session. It provides the artist an accompanied KVN because they opportunity to take the concert to a would stay back to listen to the gems higher plane by judicious selection he would soon sing. of songs of rich lyrical beauty. It has to present the kind of songs best When MS sang Kurai onrum illai to be free from technical, intellectual suited to this session. Songs of or the beautiful Annamacharya or any kind of exhibitionism and Tamil composers like Gopalakrishna song Jo Achutananda (Kapi), or should connect with the listener at Bharati, Papanasam Sivan, Veda- when KVN sang Gopalakrishna a deeper level. The vocalist should nayakam Pillai, Tanjavur Sankara Bharati’s Varugalamo ayya (Manji) be proficient in Sanskrit, Tamil, Iyer, Arunagirinathar, Kudumbai or a folk song like Meiporul kandorku Telugu, Kannada and Malayalam Siddhar, Ramalinga Swamigal, M.D. in Chenchuritti, the listener was with proper pronunciation and the Ramanathan, the Dasa composers transported to a different world and right kind of musical imagination to in Kannada, Swati Tirunal and the music lingered in their hearts properly render these kriti-s. Irayimman Thampi in Sanskrit, long after the concert. Malayalam and Manipravalam Several stalwarts excelled in this Andal’s Tiruppavai and Arunachala My recommendation is that the session. My father K.V. Narayana- Kavi’s Rama Nataka keertana-s, and post tani session be called the swamy, like his great master kriti-s like Syama Sastry’s Mayamma soul filling session or soul lifting Ariyakudi Ramanuja Iyengar, had a or the Neelambari kriti Ennaga session. special liking for this section of the manasu of Tyagaraja are some of the K.N. VISWANATHAN concert and had a rich repertoire gems that come to mind. (A rasika) 71 l SRUTI January 2013.

Copy Link

Recommended publications

The Music Academy, Madras 115-E, Mowbray’S Road
Tyagaraja Bi-Centenary Volume THE JOURNAL OF THE MUSIC ACADEMY MADRAS A QUARTERLY DEVOTED TO THE ADVANCEMENT OF THE SCIENCE AND ART OF MUSIC Vol. XXXIX 1968 Parts MV srri erarfa i “ I dwell not in Vaikuntha, nor in the hearts of Yogins, nor in the Sun; (but) where my Bhaktas sing, there be I, Narada l ” EDITBD BY V. RAGHAVAN, M.A., p h .d . 1968 THE MUSIC ACADEMY, MADRAS 115-E, MOWBRAY’S ROAD. MADRAS-14 Annual Subscription—Inland Rs. 4. Foreign 8 sh. iI i & ADVERTISEMENT CHARGES ►j COVER PAGES: Full Page Half Page Back (outside) Rs. 25 Rs. 13 Front (inside) 20 11 Back (Do.) „ 30 „ 16 INSIDE PAGES: 1st page (after cover) „ 18 „ io Other pages (each) „ 15 „ 9 Preference will be given to advertisers of musical instruments and books and other artistic wares. Special positions and special rates on application. e iX NOTICE All correspondence should be addressed to Dr. V. Raghavan, Editor, Journal Of the Music Academy, Madras-14. « Articles on subjects of music and dance are accepted for mblication on the understanding that they are contributed solely o the Journal of the Music Academy. All manuscripts should be legibly written or preferably type written (double spaced—on one side of the paper only) and should >e signed by the writer (giving his address in full). The Editor of the Journal is not responsible for the views expressed by individual contributors. All books, advertisement moneys and cheques due to and intended for the Journal should be sent to Dr. V. Raghavan Editor. Pages.
[Show full text]
“I Cannot Live Without Music”
INTERVIEW “I cannot live without music” Swati Tirunal was undoubtedly one of the most important modern composers, one who included Hindustani styles in his compositions. Nowadays it has become fashionable to say you must avoid Hindustani in Carnatic music or the other way around. But looking back, Bhimsen Joshi was among those south Indians who became luminaries in the north Indian style. How many south Indians are really open to Hindustani music is debatable. The late M.S. Gopalakrishnan was very competent in the Hindustani field, and my colleague Sanjay Subrahmanyan is a Carnatic musician open to Hindustani ragas – he sings a Rama Varma at the Swarasadhana workshop focussing on Swati Tirunal’s compositions pallavi in Bagesree, for instance. Then again there are ‘fundamentalist’ groups Well known Carnatic vocalist Rama Varma was in Chennai recently to who think Behag, Sindhubhairavi, conduct a two-day workshop (9 and 10 February 2013) Swarasadhana, Yamunakalyani, Sivaranjani and their at the Satyananda Yoga Centre at Triplicane. Here he speaks of the event, ilk should be totally done away with. his journey in classical music and his thoughts on the changing trends of the art form. Rama Varma How did Swarasadhana happen? in conversation with I have been teaching in a village called Perla near Mangalore for the past M. Ramakrishnan four years, at a music school called Veenavadini, run by the musician Yogeesh Sharma. He invites musicians to visit there once a year. Four years ago Veenavadini invited me. They enjoyed my teaching and Do you follow the same style of teaching I enjoyed being there too, and my visits became regular.
[Show full text]
Syllabus for Post Graduate Programme in Music
1 Appendix to U.O.No.Acad/C1/13058/2020, dated 10.12.2020 KANNUR UNIVERSITY SYLLABUS FOR POST GRADUATE PROGRAMME IN MUSIC UNDER CHOICE BASED CREDIT SEMESTER SYSTEM FROM 2020 ADMISSION NAME OF THE DEPARTMENT: DEPARTMENT OF MUSIC NAME OF THE PROGRAMME: MA MUSIC DEPARTMENT OF MUSIC KANNUR UNIVERSITY SWAMI ANANDA THEERTHA CAMPUS EDAT PO, PAYYANUR PIN: 670327 2 SYLLABUS FOR POST GRADUATE PROGRAMME IN MUSIC UNDER CHOICE BASED CREDIT SEMESTER SYSTEM FROM 2020 ADMISSION NAME OF THE DEPARTMENT: DEPARTMENT OF MUSIC NAME OF THE PROGRAMME: M A (MUSIC) ABOUT THE DEPARTMENT. The Department of Music, Kannur University was established in 2002. Department offers MA Music programme and PhD. So far 17 batches of students have passed out from this Department. This Department is the only institution offering PG programme in Music in Malabar area of Kerala. The Department is functioning at Swami Ananda Theertha Campus, Kannur University, Edat, Payyanur. The Department has a well-equipped library with more than 1800 books and subscription to over 10 Journals on Music. We have gooddigital collection of recordings of well-known musicians. The Department also possesses variety of musical instruments such as Tambura, Veena, Violin, Mridangam, Key board, Harmonium etc. The Department is active in the research of various facets of music. So far 7 scholars have been awarded Ph D and two Ph D thesis are under evaluation. Department of Music conducts Seminars, Lecture programmes and Music concerts. Department of Music has conducted seminars and workshops in collaboration with Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts-New Delhi, All India Radio, Zonal Cultural Centre under the Ministry of Culture, Government of India, and Folklore Academy, Kannur.
[Show full text]
1 ; Mahatma Gandhi University B. A. Music Programme(Vocal
1 ; MAHATMA GANDHI UNIVERSITY B. A. MUSIC PROGRAMME(VOCAL) COURSE DETAILS Sem Course Title Hrs/ Cred Exam Hrs. Total Week it Practical 30 mts Credit Theory 3 hrs. Common Course – 1 5 4 3 Common Course – 2 4 3 3 I Common Course – 3 4 4 3 20 Core Course – 1 (Practical) 7 4 30 mts 1st Complementary – 1 (Instrument) 3 3 Practical 30 mts 2nd Complementary – 1 (Theory) 2 2 3 Common Course – 4 5 4 3 Common Course – 5 4 3 3 II Common Course – 6 4 4 3 20 Core Course – 2 (Practical) 7 4 30 mts 1st Complementary – 2 (Instrument) 3 3 Practical 30 mts 2nd Complementary – 2 (Theory) 2 2 3 Common Course – 7 5 4 3 Common Course – 8 5 4 3 III Core Course – 3 (Theory) 3 4 3 19 Core Course – 4 (Practical) 7 3 30 mts 1st Complementary – 3 (Instrument) 3 2 Practical 30 mts 2nd Complementary – 3 (Theory) 2 2 3 Common Course – 9 5 4 3 Common Course – 10 5 4 3 IV Core Course – 5 (Theory) 3 4 3 19 Core Course – 6 (Practical) 7 3 30 mts 1st Complementary – 4 (Instrument) 3 2 Practical 30 mts 2nd Complementary – 4 (Theory) 2 2 3 Core Course – 7 (Theory) 4 4 3 Core Course – 8 (Practical) 6 4 30 mts V Core Course – 9 (Practical) 5 4 30 mts 21 Core Course – 10 (Practical) 5 4 30 mts Open Course – 1 (Practical/Theory) 3 4 Practical 30 mts Theory 3 hrs Course Work/ Project Work – 1 2 1 Core Course – 11 (Theory) 4 4 3 Core Course – 12 (Practical) 6 4 30 mts VI Core Course – 13 (Practical) 5 4 30 mts 21 Core Course – 14 (Practical) 5 4 30 mts Elective (Practical/Theory) 3 4 Practical 30 mts Theory 3 hrs Course Work/ Project Work – 2 2 1 Total 150 120 120 Core & Complementary 104 hrs 82 credits Common Course 46 hrs 38 credits Practical examination will be conducted at the end of each semester 2 MAHATMA GANDHI UNIVERSITY B.
[Show full text]
Sanjay Subrahmanyan……………………………Revathi Subramony & Sanjana Narayanan
Table of Contents From the Publications & Outreach Committee ..................................... Lakshmi Radhakrishnan ............ 1 From the President’s Desk ...................................................................... Balaji Raghothaman .................. 2 Connect with SRUTI ............................................................................................................................ 4 SRUTI at 30 – Some reflections…………………………………. ........... Mani, Dinakar, Uma & Balaji .. 5 A Mellifluous Ode to Devi by Sikkil Gurucharan & Anil Srinivasan… .. Kamakshi Mallikarjun ............. 11 Concert – Sanjay Subrahmanyan……………………………Revathi Subramony & Sanjana Narayanan ..... 14 A Grand Violin Trio Concert ................................................................... Sneha Ramesh Mani ................ 16 What is in a raga’s identity – label or the notes?? ................................... P. Swaminathan ...................... 18 Saayujya by T.M.Krishna & Priyadarsini Govind ................................... Toni Shapiro-Phim .................. 20 And the Oscar goes to …… Kaapi – Bombay Jayashree Concert .......... P. Sivakumar ......................... 24 Saarangi – Harsh Narayan ...................................................................... Allyn Miner ........................... 26 Lec-Dem on Bharat Ratna MS Subbulakshmi by RK Shriramkumar .... Prabhakar Chitrapu ................ 28 Bala Bhavam – Bharatanatyam by Rumya Venkateshwaran ................. Roopa Nayak ......................... 33 Dr. M. Balamurali
[Show full text]
Characterization of Intonation in Carnatic Music by Parametrizing Pitch Histograms
CHARACTERIZATION OF INTONATION IN CARNATIC MUSIC BY PARAMETRIZING PITCH HISTOGRAMS Gopala K. Koduri1, Joan Serra`2, and Xavier Serra1 1 Music Technology Group, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain. 2 Artificial Intelligence Research Institute (IIIA-CSIC), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT on the artist and the raaga [8, 15]. The study of intona- tion differs from that of tuning in its fundamental empha- Intonation is an important concept in Carnatic music that sis. When we talk about tuning we refer to the discrete is characteristic of a raaga, and intrinsic to the musical ex- frequencies with which we tune an instrument, thus it is pression of a performer. In this paper we approach the de- more of a theoretical concept than the one of intonation, scription of intonation from a computational perspective, with which we focus in the pitches used during a perfor- obtaining a compact representation of the pitch track of a mance. The two concepts are basically the same when we recording. First, we extract pitch contours from automat- study instruments that can only produce a fixed set of dis- ically selected voice segments. Then, we obtain a a pitch crete frequencies, like the piano. histogram of its full pitch-range, normalized by the tonic Given than in Indian music there is basically no instru- frequency, from which each prominent peak is automati- ment with fixed frequencies (the harmonium is an impor- cally labelled and parametrized. We validate such parame- tant exception), in practice tuning and intonation can be trization by considering an explorative classification task: considered the same.
[Show full text]
University of Kerala Ba Music Faculty of Fine Arts Choice
UNIVERSITY OF KERALA COURSE STRUCTURE AND SYLLABUS FOR BACHELOR OF ARTS DEGREE IN MUSIC BA MUSIC UNDER FACULTY OF FINE ARTS CHOICE BASED-CREDIT-SYSTEM (CBCS) Outcome Based Teaching, Learning and Evaluation (2021 Admission onwards) 1 Revised Scheme & Syllabus – 2021 First Degree Programme in Music Scheme of the courses Sem Course No. Course title Inst. Hrs Credit Total Total per week hours credits I EN 1111 Language course I (English I) 5 4 25 17 1111 Language course II (Additional 4 3 Language I) 1121 Foundation course I (English) 4 2 MU 1141 Core course I (Theory I) 6 4 Introduction to Indian Music MU 1131 Complementary I 3 2 (Veena) SK 1131.3 Complementary course II 3 2 II EN 1211 Language course III 5 4 25 20 (English III) EN1212 Language course IV 4 3 (English III) 1211 Language course V 4 3 (Additional Language II) MU1241 Core course II (Practical I) 6 4 Abhyasaganam & Sabhaganam MU1231 Complementary III 3 3 (Veena) SK1231.3 Complementary course IV 3 3 III EN 1311 Language course VI 5 4 25 21 (English IV) 1311 Language course VII 5 4 (Additional language III ) MU1321 Foundation course II 4 3 MU1341 Core course III (Theory II) 2 2 Ragam MU1342 Core course IV (Practical II) 3 2 Varnams and Kritis I MU1331 Complementary course V 3 3 (Veena) SK1331.3 Complementary course VI 3 3 IV EN 1411 Language course VIII 5 4 25 21 (English V) 1411 Language course IX 5 4 (Additional language IV) MU1441 Core course V (Theory III) 5 3 Ragam, Talam and Vaggeyakaras 2 MU1442 Core course VI (Practical III) 4 4 Varnams and Kritis II MU1431 Complementary
[Show full text]
Vol.74-76 2003-2005.Pdf
ISSN. 0970-3101 THE JOURNAL Of THE MUSIC ACADEMY MADRAS Devoted to the Advancement of the Science and Art of Music Vol. LXXIV 2003 ^ JllilPd frTBrf^ ^TTT^ II “I dwell not in Vaikunta, nor in the hearts of Yogins, not in the Sun; (but) where my Bhaktas sing, there be /, N arada !” Narada Bhakti Sutra EDITORIAL BOARD Dr. V.V. Srivatsa (Editor) N. Murali, President (Ex. Officio) Dr. Malathi Rangaswami (Convenor) Sulochana Pattabhi Raman Lakshmi Viswanathan Dr. SA.K. Durga Dr. Pappu Venugopala Rao V. Sriram THE MUSIC ACADEMY MADRAS New No. 168 (Old No. 306), T.T.K. Road, Chennai 600 014. Email : [email protected] Website : www.musicacademymadras.in ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION - INLAND Rs. 150 FOREIGN US $ 5 Statement about ownership and other particulars about newspaper “JOURNAL OF THE MUSIC ACADEMY MADRAS” Chennai as required to be published under Section 19-D sub-section (B) of the Press and Registration Books Act read with rule 8 of the Registration of Newspapers (Central Rules) 1956. FORM IV JOURNAL OF THE MUSIC ACADEMY MADRAS Place of Publication Chennai All Correspondence relating to the journal should be addressed Periodicity of Publication and all books etc., intended for it should be sent in duplicate to the Annual Editor, The journal o f the Music Academy Madras, New 168 (Old 306), Printer Mr. N Subramanian T.T.K. Road, Chennai 600 014. 14, Neelakanta Mehta Street Articles on music and dance are accepted for publication on the T Nagar, Chennai 600 017 recommendation of the Editor. The Editor reserves the right to accept Publisher Dr.
[Show full text]
CARNATIC MUSIC (VOCAL) (Code No
CARNATIC MUSIC (VOCAL) (code no. 031) Class IX (2020-21) Theory Marks: 30 Time: 2 Hours No. of periods I. Brief history of Carnatic Music with special reference to Saint 10 Purandara dasa, Annamacharya, Bhadrachala Ramadasa, Saint Tyagaraja, Muthuswamy Dikshitar, Syama Sastry and Swati Tirunal. II. Definition of the following terms: 12 Sangeetam, Nada, raga, laya, Tala, Dhatu, Mathu, Sruti, Alankara, Arohana, Avarohana, Graha (Sama, Atita, Anagata), Svara – Prakruti & Vikriti Svaras, Poorvanga & Uttaranga, Sthayi, vadi, Samvadi, Anuvadi & Vivadi Svara – Amsa, Nyasa and Jeeva. III. Brief raga lakshanas of Mohanam, Hamsadhvani, Malahari, 12 Sankarabharanam, Mayamalavagoula, Bilahari, khamas, Kharaharapriya, Kalyani, Abhogi & Hindolam. IV. Brief knowledge about the musical forms. 8 Geetam, Svarajati, Svara Exercises, Alankaras, Varnam, Jatisvaram, Kirtana & Kriti. V. Description of following Talas: 8 Adi – Single & Double Kalai, Roopakam, Chapu – Tisra, Misra & Khanda and Sooladi Sapta Talas. VI. Notation of Gitams in Roopaka and Triputa Tala 10 Total Periods 60 CARNATIC MUSIC (VOCAL) Format of written examination for class IX Theory Marks: 30 Time: 2 Hours 1 Section I Six MCQ based on all the above mentioned topic 6 Marks 2 Section II Notation of Gitams in above mentioned Tala 6 Marks Writing of minimum Two Raga-lakshana from prescribed list in 6 Marks the syllabus. 3 Section III 6 marks Biography Musical Forms 4 Section IV 6 marks Description of talas, illustrating with examples Short notes of minimum 05 technical terms from the topic II. Definition of any two from the following terms (Sangeetam, Nada, Raga,Sruti, Alankara, Svara) Total Marks 30 marks Note: - Examiners should set atleast seven questions in total and the students should answer five questions from them, including two Essays, two short answer and short notes questions based on technical terms will be compulsory.
[Show full text]
Karnatak Music Vocal/Instrumental (Veena/ Violin )
Syllabus for M.A. (Previous) Karnatak Music Vocal/Instrumental (Veena/ Violin ) SEMESTER-I Core Course – 1 Theory Credit - 4 Theory : 70 Internal Assessment : 30 Maximum Marks : 100 Study of Scales, Ragas and Forms 70 Marks 1. Detailed study of ragas Prescribed (List – A). 2. Comparative study of the basic scales of different systems of Music such as Karnatak, Hindustani, Ancient Tamil Music, western and Far Eastern. 3. Decorative angas figuring in kriti’s and other Musical forms. 4. Pallavi notation; Theory of Rettai Pallavi and Nadai Pallavi. 5. Different Mudras figuring in Musical compositions. 6 Evolution of Indian Musical scales. Internal Assessment 30 Marks Core Course – 2 Theory Credit - 4 Theory : 70 Internal Assessment : 30 Maximum Marks : 100 Historical Study of the evolution of Ragas, Talas and Music Instruments 70 Marks 1. The different periods of Musical History and their distinctive features, Landmarks in the history of Indian Music. 2. Evolution of Ragas, Ragalakshana and system of Raga classification, Ragas which owe their origin to folk Music. 3. Classification of Musical Instruments. Important musical instruments adopted in traditional music. 4. Evolution of Musical forms with special reference to Prabandhas and their classifications; Gita Prabandha, Vadya Prabandha, Nritya Prabandha, and Misra Prabandha. 5. Concept of “Marga” and “Desi” in the spheres of Raga, Tala, Prabandha. 6. Knowledge about the formation of 175 and 108 systems of talas. Rare talas figure in Tiruppugazh. Core Course – 3 Practical Credit - 8 Practical : 70 Internal Assessment : 30 Maximum Marks : 100 Stage Performance 70 marks Performance of one hour duration with accompaniments, before an audience, planned by the candidate within the Prescribed Ragas(List A& B).
[Show full text]
1465539437P14M1TEXT.Pdf
PAPER 14 KIRTANAM and TILLANA MODULE 1 The Importance of KIRTANAM in Bharatanatyam repertoire KIRTANAM Singing The Praise of God Is Keertana / कीर्तन. Keertan Is a Sanskrit Word .It means telling the Glory of God. In Southern Part India Keertana, came to be known as Kirtanam / कीर्तनम Or Keertanai / ककर्तनै with a regional touch. The different names with Adjectives attributed to gods are known as Kirtanam. Keertan Singing is a common feature in the pan Indian Tradition. It Is Sung In Temples And Religious Congregations. This Musical Form Is Prevalent In The Regional Languages All Over India. Irrespective Of the Type of Music Whether Hindustani or Carnatic, Keertan Takes a Special Place in the Repertoire of Music, Dance, Harikatha / हररकथा and bhajan Concerts. The Recitation And Chanting Of Vedas By A Group Of Priests As Part Of The Rituals Can Be Considered As The Early Example Of Collective Singing Of Devotional Music. Devotion Is a Universal Feeling and the Supreme Prayer to Attain God’s Feet. There are Threefold Margas to approach The Infinite .They are Gyanamarga / ऻानमागत (Intellectual Path), Karma Marga / कमत मागत (way of action) and The Bakhtimarga / भक्तर्मागत (Devotional Path).The devotional path is considered the ideal and easiest to approach god. The attractive form of displaying devotion is by singing his praise. Hence kirtanas are the best musical form in the sphere of devotional music. Structure of the kirtanam Kirtanams are set in simple ragas (tunes) to make easy for everybody to sing. The talas set are also simple and rhythmic.
[Show full text]
The Journal of the Music Academy Devoted to the Advancement of the Science and Art of Music
ISSN. 0970 -3101 THE JOURNAL OF THE MUSIC ACADEMY DEVOTED TO THE ADVANCEMENT OF THE SCIENCE AND ART OF MUSIC Vol. LXVI 1995 »T5CtCT w qrafor w fagffa w * II "/ dwell not in Vaikuntha, nor in the hearts o f Yogins nor in the Sun; (but) where my bhaktas sing, there be I, NaradaV' Edited by T.S. PARTHASARATHY The Music Academy, Madras 306, T.T.K. Road, Madras - 600 014. Annual Subscript sign $ 3-00 THE JOURNAL OF THE MUSIC ACADEMY DEVOTED TO THE ADVANCEMENT OF THE SCIENCE AND ART OF MUSIC Vol. LXVI 1995 t TOTfiT 1 V f t I *nr nurfer w ftgrfir h r * n "I dwell not in Vaikuntha, nor in the hearts o f Yogins nor in the Sun; (but) where my bhaktas sing, there be I, Narada!" Edited by T.S. PARTHASARATHY The Music Academy, Madras 306, T.T.K. Road, Madras - 600 014. Annual Subscription - Inland oreign $ 3-00 r OURSELVES This Journal is published as an Annual. All correspondence relating to the Journal should be sent to The Editor Journal of the Music Academy, 306, T.T.K. Road, Madras - 600 014. Articles on music and dance are accepted for publication on the understanding that they are contributed solely to the Journal of the Music Academy. Manuscripts should be legibly written or, preferably, typewritten (double -spaced and on one side of the paper only) and should be signed by the writer (giving his or her address in full). The Editor of the Journal is not responsible for the views expressed by contributors in their articles.
[Show full text]