The Modern Airport Terminal: New Approaches to Airport
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The Modern Airport Terminal Second Edition Brian Edwards The Modern Airport Terminal Second edition New approaches to airport architecture This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005. “To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.” First published 1997 Second edition published 2005 by Spon Press Spon Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Spon Press 270 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10016 © 1997, 2005 Brian Edwards All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0-203-64687-8 Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-203-67336-0 (Adobe eReader Format) ISBN 0 415 24812 4 (Print Edition) Contents Colour illustrations appear between pages Rail links to airports. 43 208 and 209 The life of assets at airports. 45 References . 46 Acknowledgements. viii Preface to the second edition. ix 5 Masterplanning airports . 48 Introduction . xi Intermediate plans. 50 Compiling the masterplan . 50 Part One: Airport design Airport layout. 51 1 The airport industry . 2 Runway layout . 52 Ownership of airports. 3 Physical elements of the masterplan . 53 How airports generate income . 4 The importance of geometry . 55 Growth in airport demand . 5 Site choice . 56 What is an airport?. 6 Energy and resources . 57 How airports grow . 9 Environmental problems at airports . 58 Accommodating growth at airports . 11 A physical strategy for sustainable development . 61 The air transport industry: future trends. 12 Reducing environmental impacts: Economic impact of airports . 14 a case study of the original design of Heathrow’s Limits to airport growth . 15 Terminal 5 . 61 Flexibility and the sense of the whole. 16 Extent of the masterplan . 63 Planning for growth . 17 References . 64 Air travel and sustainable development . 18 The capacity of airports. 18 Part Two: Terminal design The airport interchange . 21 6 The terminal as part of the airport References . 25 system. 66 Aircraft types and passenger terminal design . 66 2 The airport as a unique twentieth-century Energy consumption, payload and the building type . 26 effect upon terminal design . 68 The role of meaning, function and form in Relationship between the mission of BAA and defining the architecture of terminals . 30 terminal design . 69 The maturing of airports as a building type . 33 Redressing the balance between passenger References . 34 and airport needs . 72 References . 74 3 Relationship between airports, terminals and aircraft design. 35 7 Procurement and management Structure of the air transport system . 37 of terminals . 75 References . 38 Design standards and briefing: the example of BAA . 75 4 Layout, growth and access to airports . 39 Managing terminals. 77 Airport as communication node . 39 Manipulation of space and time in the Forecasting airport growth . 40 terminal. 81 Airport types . 41 Terminals in the developing world . 82 Gaining access to airports. 42 References . 82 v Contents 8 Flexibility and permanence in 13 Passenger types, space standards airport design . 83 and territories. 143 Flexibility and terminal design . 84 Principal terminal territories . 143 How terminals expand . 89 Passenger types . 145 How terminals adapt . 90 Types of terminal user other than passengers . 146 References . 95 Passenger space standards . 147 Terminal facilities . 147 9 The terminal as a movement system . 96 Commercial versus facilities management . 148 Passenger movement . 96 Types of shop and their location . 149 Principles of passenger flow at large Other sources of commercial revenue . 151 complex airports . 99 Strategy for the selection of construction materials 151 Assisted passenger flow . 103 The choice of finishes . 153 Passenger-loading bridges . 106 The check-in hall. 155 The departure lounge . 156 Identity and check-in design . 157 10 Baggage handling . 109 First class, business class and VIP passengers . 157 The baggage-handling system . 111 Provision for disabled passengers . 158 Security controls and baggage handling . 113 Way-finding through terminals . 159 Baggage reclaim . 116 Signage . 161 References . 116 References . 162 11 Terminal design concepts . 117 14 Technical standards. 163 Changing typologies . 118 Fire safety and airport design . 163 Alternative terminal design layouts. 118 Lighting. 165 Changes in level . 124 Heating . 167 Choosing between single-level and Safety and security . 169 multilevel terminals . 127 Increased security after 11th September 2001 . 172 Standard plans, irregular sections . 128 References . 173 References . 129 Part Three: Case studies 12 Conflict between function and meaning in 15 Major international airport terminals . 176 the design of terminals . 130 Kansai Airport, Osaka, Japan . 176 Design characteristics of passenger Denver Airport. 180 terminals . 130 Kuala Lumpur Airport, Malaysia. 181 The four key functions of the terminal . 131 Charles de Gaulle Airport, Paris, France . 183 Key qualities . 136 Terminal 2, Hall F, Charles de Gaulle Airport, Paris. 185 Functional elements of the terminal building . 137 Chek Lap Kok Airport, Hong Kong . 187 The approach of Meinhard von Gerkan to Copenhagen Airport, Denmark . 189 terminal design . 139 Gardermoen Airport, Oslo . 190 References . 142 Terminal 2, Helsinki Airport, Finland. 191 vi Contents Airport design: Fifth International Biennale 18 Other airport structures . 237 of Architecture, Venice 1991 . 192 Transportation Centre at the Terminal 5, Heathrow, London: initial design . 194 International Airport at Inchon, Seoul, Revised design for Terminal 5: Heathrow. 198 South Korea . 237 Bangkok International Airport, Suvarnabhumi, Airside Centre, Zurich Airport . 240 Thailand . ..