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Analyse Institutionnelle Et Contextuelle Des Structures Paysannes Dans La Filiere Vanille

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Analyse Institutionnelle Et Contextuelle Des Structures Paysannes Dans La Filiere Vanille ANALYSE INSTITUTIONNELLE ET CONTEXTUELLE DES STRUCTURES PAYSANNES DANS LA FILIERE VANILLE PROJET: UPSCALING SUSTAINABILITY INITIATIVES TOWARDS IMPROVED LIVELIHOODS IN VANILLA FARMING COMMUNITIES OF SAVA REGION JUILLET – AOUT 2017 Contact: Narcisse Kalisa Directeur Pays Sedera Rajoelison Search for Common Ground Madagascar Chargé du suivi et évaluation Search for Common Ground Madagascar LOT II K 50 M Mahatony Ivandry (261) 20 22 493 40 LOT II K 50 M Mahatony Ivandry [email protected] (261) 20 22 493 40 [email protected] Analyse institutionnelle et contextuelle | Fandriaka – aout 2017 Les opinions exprimées dans ce document sont celles des auteurs, et ne reflètent pas forcément les vues de la GIZ Mandaté par: Projet Alliance Stratégique Symrise-unilever-GIZ Développement de partenariat avec le Secteur privé – develoPPP.de Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH Immeuble Ramanandraibe Ankevaheva - Andapa Equipe de recherche de SFCG Madagascar ● Koloina Randriamiary ● Sedera Rajoelison ● Benjamin Beaud ● Emma Ridings ● Aina Ramanantsiarovana ● Dominique Ralambotiana ● Kevin Charles ● Berthe Rahitasoa ● Antoine Rajarison ● Ando Ralandison Et 4 enquêteurs L’équipe est appuyée par l’Institutional Learning Team de SFCG Antananarivo / Madagascar – Aout 2017 2 | P a g e Analyse institutionnelle et contextuelle | Fandriaka – aout 2017 Table des matières Liste des abréviations ................................................................................................................................. 4 Liste des graphiques ................................................................................................................................... 5 Liste des figures ........................................................................................................................................... 5 1. Résumé exécutif .................................................................................................................................... 6 2. Contexte du projet ............................................................................................................................... 10 2.1. Objectifs et méthodologie de la recherche .................................................................................. 11 2.2. Caractéristiques de la population enquêtée ................................................................................. 12 2.3. Limites et difficultés rencontrées ................................................................................................ 13 3. Résultats .............................................................................................................................................. 15 3.1. Le contexte du secteur vanille à Madagascar .................................................................................. 15 3.1.1. Historique de la filière vanille ................................................................................................. 15 3.1.2. Les institutions et les structures impliquées dans la filière vanille : niveau national et région SAVA 16 3.2. Parties prenantes dans la chaîne de valeur du secteur vanille ......................................................... 19 3.2.1. Les parties prenantes dans la chaîne de valeur du secteur vanille : leurs positions et intérêts 19 3.2.2. Le modèle Symrise.................................................................................................................. 23 3.3. Les essais de structuration paysanne à Madagascar ........................................................................ 25 3.3.1. Les formes de groupement à Madagascar ............................................................................... 25 3.3.2. Etude de cas sur les coopératives de la zone alliance stratégique SAVA .............................. 28 3.4. La structuration des paysans producteurs de vanille ....................................................................... 41 3.4.1. Structurer les paysans en tant que coopérative ....................................................................... 41 3.4.2. Structurer les paysans en tant que syndicat ou en tant qu’association de certification ........... 46 4. Conclusions ......................................................................................................................................... 50 5. Recommandations de mise en œuvre des activités ............................................................................. 51 6. Annexes............................................................................................................................................... 54 Annexe 1 : Etude de base .................................................................................................................... 54 Annexe 2 : Tableau reflétant les différentes directions qui soutiennent la structuration paysanne .... 56 Annexe 3 : Grille d’évaluation des coopératives ................................................................................ 57 Annexe 4 : Les avantages et les inconvénients de l’agriculture contracuelle .................................... 59 Annexe 5 : profil des groupements au niveau national ...................................................................... 59 Annexe 6 : Bibliographie .................................................................................................................... 61 Annexe 7 : Personnes ressources ........................................................................................................ 62 3 | P a g e Analyse institutionnelle et contextuelle | Fandriaka – aout 2017 Liste des abréviations BIT Bureau International du Travail CI contrôleurs internes CLA contrôleurs locaux d’approbation CRS Catholic Relief Services CNKH Confédération Nationale KOLOHARENA Sahavanona FCKH Fédération et/ou Coopératives KOLOHARENA CTD Collectivités Territoriales Décentralisées DAE Direction de l’Appui aux Entreprises DAOPMR Direction d’Appui aux Organisations Professionnelles du Monde Rural FES Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung FEKRITAMA - Fédération chrétienne des paysans malgaches FIFATA – Association pour le progrès des paysans FIMPALA Fikambanana mpamboly lavanio (Association des producteurs de vanille de 3 Régions) FTM/CPM Firaisankinan’ny Tantsaha eto Madagasikara /coalition Paysanne de Madagascar GES Groupement des Entrepreneurs de la SAVA GNEV Groupement National des Exportateurs de vanille GNIV Groupement National Interprofessionnel de la Vanille GPPV Groupements de Planteurs et Préparateurs de Vanilles ICA Alliance Coopérative internationale ILT Institutional Learning Team INTERVAMA Interprofession de la Vanille de Madagascar IRDC International Development Research Center KOMAM Kooperativa Mpamboly Ambanivolo Mananara MIDSP Ministère de l’Industrie et du Développement du Secteur Privé NASFAM National Smallholder Farmers’ Association of Malawi NCBA CLUSA National coopérative business association OP Organisation paysanne ONGI Organisation non gouvernementale internationale OTIV Institution de Microfinance : Ombona Tahiry ifampisamborana vola PME Petite et moyenne entreprise PMI Petite et moyenne industrie PNV Plateforme nationale de la vanille PRCP Plateforme régional de concertation pour le pilotage de la filière vanille PROCOM Programme d’appui à l’emploi et à l’intégration régionale Réseau SOA Syndicat des organisations paysannes RSE Responsabilité Sociale d’entreprise SFCG Search for Common Ground 4 | P a g e Analyse institutionnelle et contextuelle | Fandriaka – aout 2017 SIPEM Société d’Investissement pour la Promotion des Entreprises à Madagascar STD Services territoriales déconcentrées STABEX Système de Stabilisation des Recettes d'Exportation appui de l’Union Européenne SSOA Service de Suivi des Organismes d’Appui SOA Réseau syndical des organisations agricoles SATT Service d’Appui à la Tranoben’ny Tantsaha SPSA Service de Promotion des Services Agricoles UNMFR Union nationale maison familiale rurale VSLA Village Saving Loan associative Liste des graphiques Graphique 1 : Pensez-vous que vous êtes impliqués dans le processus de prises de décisions dans le cadre de l’exploitation de la vanille? .................................................................................................................... 30 Graphique 2 : "Quel type de problème/désaccord crée le plus souvent un conflit dans votre communauté ? .................................................................................................................................................................... 36 Liste des figures Figure 1 Zone d’intervention de l’alliance stratégique ............................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 2 : Analyse des parties prenantes– selon l’approche de Symrise ................................................... 24 Figure 3 : cartographie des acteurs et des relations entre les producteurs membres de structures paysannes et les autres acteurs de la chaîne de valeur .................................................................................................. 34 Figure 4: Analyse des acteurs impliqués dans la filière vanille .................................................................. 40 Figure 5: Stratégie d’approche pour une structuration des paysans en tant que coopératives .................... 45 Figure 6: stratégie d’approche pour une structuration des paysans en tant qu’association et syndicat ...... 48 Liste des tableaux Tableau 1: Zone d'intervention de l'étude quantitative ..............................................................................
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