Volume XIV Number 1

Public Voices Volume XIV Number 1 Public Voices Editor-in-Chief: Marc Holzer, Rutgers University – Campus at Newark Managing Editor: Iryna Illiash, Rutgers University – Campus at Newark Book Review Editor: John Phillips, Benedictine University at Springfield Assistant Editor: Ginger Swiston, Rutgers University – Campus at Newark Editorial Board Robert Agranoff, Indiana University Glenda Kirkland, Bloomfield College, NJ Danny L. Balfour, Grand Valley State University William Lester, Jacksonville State University Sandford Borins, University of Toronto Carol W. Lewis, University of Connecticut Geert Bouckaert, Catholic University of Leuven, Robert A. Maranto, University of Arkansas Belgium Michael Miller, City of Phoenix, AZ Frances Burke, Suffolk University, Boston Brent R. Never, University of Missouri – Kansas Linda F. Dennard, Auburn University at City Montgomery Kenneth Nichols, University of Maine David John Farmer, Virginia Commonwealth Valerie L. Patterson, Florida International University University Vatche Gabrielian, American University of Armenia Michael W. Popejoy, Central Michigan Terence M. Garrett, University of Texas at University Brownsville Beryl Radin , American University Tia Sherée Gaynor, Marist College Wilbur Rich, Wellesley College Charles Goodsell, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and Mark Rutgers University of Amsterdam State University Richard W. Ryan, San Diego State University Anne J. Hacker, Broomtree Hermitage – Battle Dolph Santello, University of New Haven Creek, MI Elizabeth Sharpe Overman, University of Rachel Hadas, Rutgers University – Campus at Central Oklahoma Newark Lynette Shaw-Smith, Benedictine University at Lenneal Henderson, University of Baltimore Springfield Candace Hetzner, Boston College James E. Storbeck, University of Texas at Elizabeth Hull, Rutgers University – Campus at Brownsville Newark Richard Swaim, University of Baltimore Heather Wyatt-Nichol, University of Baltimore Public Voices Editor-in-Chief Marc Holzer School of Public Affairs and Administration (SPAA) Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey-Campus at Newark Managing Editor Iryna Illiash School of Public Affairs and Administration (SPAA) Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey-Campus at Newark Book Review Editor John R. Phillips Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences Benedictine University at Springfield Volume XIV Number 1 Publisher Public Voices is published by the National Center for Public Performance at the School of Public Affairs and Administration (SPAA), Rutgers University-Campus at Newark. Copyright © 2014 Front Cover “Declaration of Independence” by John Trumbull, oil-on-canvas, 1818. United States Capi- tol Rotunda. Subscriptions Subscriptions are available on a per volume basis (two issues) at the following rates: $36 per year for institutions, agencies and libraries; $24 per year for individuals; $12 for single cop- ies and back orders. Noninstitutional subscribers can make payments by personal check or money order to: National Center for Public Performance School of Public Affairs and Administration (SPAA) Rutgers University, Campus at Newark Center for Urban and Public Service 111 Washington Street Newark, NJ 07102-1801 All members of SHARE receive an annual subscription to Public Voices. Members of ASPA may add SHARE membership on their annual renewal form, or may send the $20 annual dues at any time to: ASPA C/o SunTrust Bank Department 41 Washington, DC 20042-0041 Electronic issues of Public Voices are available at http://spaa.newark.rutgers.edu/public-voices ISSN 1072-5660 Public Voices Vol. XIV No. 1 Contents Cover Notes………………………………………………………………………………………………….1 Perspective Colluding to Create the American Society for Public Administration and the Consequent Collateral Damage……………………………………………………………2 Mordecai Lee The American Society for Public Administration (ASPA) was founded in December 1939. This did not occur ex nihilo. Rather, it was the desired end-result of an elaborate and detailed collusion by some early public administration professionals including Louis Brownlow, Luther Gulick, and William Mosher. With patience and careful planning be- ginning in 1937, they designed a scenario that would, as the events they were catalyzing unfolded, undermine the Governmental Research Association (GRA) and provide justifi- cation for the new organization. This pre-birth campaign is often skipped over lightly in histories of ASPA. In particular, their collusion caused some serious collateral damage, destroying the academic career of University of Chicago doctoral candidate Norman Gill. This revisionist history explores the detailed maneuverings of the leaders of the nascent ASPA against GRA and how they, seemingly obliviously, wrecked the intended profes- sional path of an innocent researcher who worked for them. Public Voices Vol. XIV No. 1 i Contents Analysis and Commentary Applying Existential Philosophy and Popular Culture Images to Ethics: The Case for Fullmetal Alchemist………………………………………………………………….28 Arthur J. Sementelli Japanese animated series Fullmetal Alchemist provides a scheme to begin organizing and discussing the often-implicit questions that have existed and continue to exist among dis- cussions of ethics in Public Administration. Pairing this scheme with the work of Jaspers (1955, 1971) affords the opportunity for scholars and practitioners to understand, visual- ize, and potentially reconcile these phenomena under an established philosophical um- brella. Additionally, this pairing demonstrates a valuable pedagogical tool for both scholars and their students of administrative ethics. Global Concern and Local Practice: an Interdisciplinary, Empowerment Collection of Immigrant/Migrant Hispanic Voices Used to Implement Community-University Collaborative Actions in Suburban Settings……………………43 Sister Angela Kim and Stephen C. Burke Utilizing a community-based participatory research mode (CBPR), a local university completed a needs assessment study of an emerging immigrant population’s service needs and perceived barriers for accessing services in their suburban community settings. The study participants included: (1) one hundred and fourteen Hispanic immigrant resi- dents participating in twelve bi-lingual facilitator-led focus-group sessions, (2) eighteen community service providers, and (3) nine Hispanic community leaders. All three groups identified common unmet service needs in the areas of health care, ESL education, and social services as well as the lack of bi-lingual social workers/mental health staff and bi- lingual interpreter staff in service agencies as major barriers to service provision and ac- cess. The study findings point to the benefits of university-community collaborations when advocating for the creation of community intra- and inter-structures that support the development of services in suburban and small city settings for the influx of Hispanic immigrant/migrant populations. State Religious Exemptions and Child Medical Neglect: Ambiguity in Child Welfare Policy and Procedures…………………………………………..61 Ariel Alvarez The liberty interest of parents and the state’s role as parens patriae conflict in cases of religious based child medical neglect. All 50 states, District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico provide some form of religious exemption against prosecution for religious based child medical neglect. State religious exemptions related to religious based denial of medical treatment contain one or more intervention thresholds based on parental liberty interest, best interest of the child, and harm standard. Using the 2010 National District Attorneys Association’s National Center for Prosecution of Child Abuse Religious Exemption Statutes, an in-depth examination of state medical ii Public Voices Vol. XIV No. 1 Contents neglect religious exemption legislation prior to August 2010 was conducted for the 50 states in the continental U.S., District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. The study sample consisted of 16 states identified as including only a parental liberty interest provision in their state religious exemption statutes. A comparative analysis method was used to compare state child welfare agency/child protective services policy and procedure manu- als to determine: (a) which states provided guidelines for investigating religious based child medical neglect and (b) specific procedural requirements for investigating and re- sponding to cases of suspected or observed religious based child medical neglect. The best approach to balance parental liberty interest and states’ obligation as parens patriae to protect a child’s liberty interest of health and well-being is through policies based on the harm principle as the threshold for state intervention rather than the best interest or the liberty interest standard. Lo, the Poor Volunteer Manager: Hollywood’s Nonprofit Volunteer and Volunteer Manager………………………………..77 Jeffrey L. Brudney and Mordecai Lee The literature of film studies has emerged in many academic fields as a relevant prism to examine the image of those professions in popular culture. Nonprofit management, though, has paid much less attention to film images. This article explores the cinematic image of the nonprofit volunteer and the volunteer manager in American feature films. It identified eight such movies, produced in 1953 through 2010. This universe is modest, but Hollywood’s extant nonprofit volunteer roughly mirrored the literature, with volun- teers tending to be female and white and gaining emotional satisfaction through volun- teering. By contrast,

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