Report on the Current State of R&D in Development of the Storage of Harvested Energy for Small-Scale Applications UK's
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Electrical Properties of Thin-Film Capacitors Fabricated Using High Temperature Sputtered Modified Barium Titanate
Materials 2012, 5, 644-660; doi:10.3390/ma5040644 OPEN ACCESS materials ISSN 1996-1944 www.mdpi.com/journal/materials Article Electrical Properties of Thin-Film Capacitors Fabricated Using High Temperature Sputtered Modified Barium Titanate Glyn J. Reynolds 1,*, Martin Kratzer 2, Martin Dubs 2, Heinz Felzer 2 and Robert Mamazza 2 1 Oerlikon USA, Inc., Business Unit Systems, 970 Lake Carillon Dr, Suite 300, St. Petersburg, FL 33716, USA 2 OC Oerlikon Balzers AG, Business Unit Systems, Iramali 18, P.O. Box 1000, Balzers LI-9496, Liechtenstein; E-Mails: [email protected] (M.K.); [email protected] (M.D.); [email protected] (H.F.); [email protected] (R.M.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-727-290-2625; Fax: +1-727-290-2626. Received: 5 January 2012; in revised form: 27 March 2012 / Accepted: 29 March 2012 / Published: 13 April 2012 Abstract: Simple thin-film capacitor stacks were fabricated from sputter-deposited doped barium titanate dielectric films with sputtered Pt and/or Ni electrodes and characterized electrically. Here, we report small signal, low frequency capacitance and parallel resistance data measured as a function of applied DC bias, polarization versus applied electric field strength and DC load/unload experiments. These capacitors exhibited significant leakage (in the range 8–210 μA/cm2) and dielectric loss. Measured breakdown strength for the sputtered doped barium titanate films was in the range 200 kV/cm −2 MV/cm. For all devices tested, we observed clear evidence for dielectric saturation at applied electric field strengths above 100 kV/cm: saturated polarization was in the range 8–15 μC/cm2. -
Super-Capacitor Integration Into Hybrid Vehicle Power Source
Super-capacitor Integration into Hybrid Vehicle Power Source V. Bršlica Department of Electrical Engineering University of Defence in Brno Kounicova 65, 612 00 Brno (Czech republic) Phone/Fax number:+ 420 973 442319/ 443773, e-mail: [email protected] vehicle (BEV) that is driven by energy from house plug Abstract. The plug-in hybrid vehicle based on the concept stored during the night for short commute. Only in the of battery operated vehicle with strong electrical motor(s) and case of occasional longer trip the drive is supplied electrochemical battery is for thermal comfort of crew and for simultaneously from onboard generator, but this occasional elongated travel range completed by generator, operational range extension is paid by much higher fuel which is designed on average traction power only and during of consumption. Internal combustion engine (ICE) driving journey is mainly used in co-generative run for cabin heating. the generator delivers in cogeneration the thermal energy Such vehicle efficiency can be improved by the third power for cabin heating, with minimal fuel consumption in idle source, specifically used only for acceleration and regenerative run [6], [7]. The operating range 60 km does not need too braking purposes. That role is optimal for super-capacitor, big battery but no only the battery mass is reduced, also which has very good charging efficiency and can store the the battery power. energy from braking to the next acceleration. Both these actions are usually very fast with high power in very short time. Its sizing and voltage control is investigated in this paper. DC bus BATTERY Key words M MC Fuel save, hybrid vehicle, super-capacitor, power control, multi source supply G GC ABC 1. -
Hybrid Electrochemical Capacitors
Florida International University FIU Digital Commons FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations University Graduate School 1-11-2018 Hybrid Electrochemical Capacitors: Materials, Optimization, and Miniaturization Richa Agrawal Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Florida International University, [email protected] DOI: 10.25148/etd.FIDC006581 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd Part of the Materials Chemistry Commons, Materials Science and Engineering Commons, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Commons, and the Physical Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation Agrawal, Richa, "Hybrid Electrochemical Capacitors: Materials, Optimization, and Miniaturization" (2018). FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 3680. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3680 This work is brought to you for free and open access by the University Graduate School at FIU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of FIU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY Miami, Florida HYBRID ELECTROCHEMICAL CAPACITORS: MATERIALS, OPTIMIZATION, AND MINIATURIZATION A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING by Richa Agrawal 2018 To: Dean John L. Volakis College of Engineering and Computing This dissertation entitled Hybrid Electrochemical Capacitors: Materials, Optimization, and Miniaturization, written -
Prospects for the Development of High Energy Density Dielectric Capacitors
applied sciences Review Prospects for the Development of High Energy Density Dielectric Capacitors Andrew Burke Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; [email protected] Abstract: In this paper, the design of high energy density dielectric capacitors for energy storage in vehicle, industrial, and electric utility applications have been considered in detail. The performance of these devices depends primarily on the dielectric constant and breakdown strength characteristics of the dielectric material used. A review of the literature on composite polymer materials to assess their present dielectric constants and the various approaches being pursued to increase energy density found that there are many papers in which materials having dielectric constants of 20–50 were reported, but only a few showing materials with very high dielectric constants of 500 and greater. The very high dielectric constants were usually achieved with nanoscale metallic or carbon particles embedded in a host polymer and the maximum dielectric constant occurred near the percolation threshold particle loading. In this study, an analytical method to calculate the dielectric constant of composite dielectric polymers with various types of nanoparticles embedded is presented. The method was applied using an Excel spreadsheet to calculate the characteristics of spiral wound battery cells using various composite polymers with embedded particles. The calculated energy densities were strong functions of the size of the particles and thickness of the dielectric layer in the cell. For a 1000 V cell, an energy density of 100–200 Wh/kg was calculated for 3–5 nm particles and µ 3–5 thick dielectric layers. -
MASTER's THESIS Automotive Hybrid Technology
2008:217 CIV MASTER'S THESIS Automotive Hybrid Technology Status, Function and Development Tools Gustaf Lagunoff Luleå University of Technology MSc Programmes in Engineering Mechanical Engineering Department of Applied Physics and Mechanical Engineering Division of Machine Elements 2008:217 CIV - ISSN: 1402-1617 - ISRN: LTU-EX--08/217--SE Abstract A diminishing oil reserve and increased environmental concern puts new demands on our vehicles. This thesis aims to identify the strengths and weaknesses of a conventional vehicle and explain the technology behind. Alternative energy sources are introduced and together with the knowledge learnt, their potentials are discussed. Unfortunately, none of them can be found to fulfil all future demands. Instead, hybrid vehicles are identified as a solution with high potential. Hybrid vehicles are consequently defined and the additional components are explained. The multiple energy sources of a hybrid vehicle bring increased drivetrain flexibility but also increased control complexity. With the goal to enhance the fuel economy and reduce emissions, optimum operating conditions are discussed for each drivetrain component and concrete control targets are extracted. Due to the complexity, computer modelling and simulation are expected to be an essential tool when it comes to hybrid vehicle development and optimization. As a result, cost efficient component models are suggested and finally a number of control optimization procedures are compared. The result of this thesis is a summary of relevant knowledge needed to reduce the development effort of hybrid vehicles. The key aspect is to understand the synergy effect of a hybrid drive train which enables the designer to approach the full potential of each component. -
Macro Group Uk Polymer Physics Group Bulletin
Macro Group UK & Polymer Physics Group Bulletin No 83 January 2015 Number Page 83 1 January 2015 MACRO GROUP UK POLYMER PHYSICS GROUP BULLETIN INSIDE THIS ISSUE: Editorial Happy New Year and welcome to the January 2015 edition of Views from the Top 2 the Macro Group and PPG bulletin. Firstly we congratulate our distinguished award winners. Professor Richard Jones (University of Sheffield) is the recipient Committee Members 3 of the 2015 PPG Founders’ Prize. He will be presented with the award and give the Founders’ lecture at the PPG biennial in Manchester in September of this year. Dr Paola Carbone (University Awards 4-9 of Manchester) has been selected as the DPOLY Exchange Lecturer. She will present her lecture at the March 2015 meeting of the News 10 American Physical Society in San Antonio, Texas. Further details regarding both awards and the meeting in Manchester are given inside this issue of the bulletin. We also congratulate Professor Competitions Announcements 11-12 Cameron Alexander (The University of Nottingham) and Dr Paul D. Topham (Aston University) winners of the 2014 Macro Group Bursaries & Meeting Reports 12-19 UK Medal and Macro Group UK Young Researchers Medal, respectively. We would like to remind PhD students and postdoctoral Forthcoming Meetings 20-29 researchers who are members of the Macro Group that D. H. Richards bursaries are available to help fund conference expenses. We would like to encourage current polymer physics PhD students, and also those who have recently completed their studies, to apply for the Ian Macmillan Ward Prize. Contributions for inclusion in the BUL- As well as the prize announcement, this issue includes an LETIN should be emailed (preferably) article describing Professor Ward’s contributions to polymer physics or sent to either: and the decision by the PPG committee to name the PhD student prize in his honour. -
Proposal to Build Supercapacitors Using Solid Dielectrics
Proposal to Build Supercapacitors Using Solid Dielectrics Frank Barnes (University of Colorado) — Boulder, Colorado, USA — [email protected] Animesh Banerjee (Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, INDIA) Introduction With the ever increasing need for portability in electronic devices and the need for renewable energy storage, means of storing electrical energy is valuable. Batteries are generally used for such purposes, but for applications requiring high power for automobile start-ups, industrial applications, telecommunications, renewable energy storage and consumer electronics, supercapacitors would provide several advantages over the conventional Li-ion batteries and other electrochemical double layer ultracapacitors already commercialized [1,2]. They would also be suitable for power back-up functions in a wide range of consumer products, for solar panels and motor starts. Having supercapacitors which can pack up to 100 times the energy of conventional capacitors and deliver ten times the power of ordinary batteries would change the power equations for these and similar applications. Some of the advantages of employing supercapacitors would be: • They can be designed for the whole life of a consumer product (10 – 12 years) • Designing for life provides design engineers with the extra flexibility to locate the supercapacitors anywhere within the product. • They would be light weight, solid and rugged—apart from having higher energy density compared to the electrochemical double layer ultracapacitors which are being used widely. • In automobiles, they are the correct choices for electrical system stabilization, regenerative braking, power assist, starter generator, start/stop automatism and several other features. • In industries, they are required for peak power supply/ storage for robots and machines, crane recuperation, fork lifts, UPS & power quality, induction power transmission and space and medical equipment. -
General Kofi A. Annan the United Nations United Nations Plaza
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS O2 1 39 October 10, 1997 HENRY W. KENDALL ROOM 2.4-51 4 (617) 253-7584 JULIUS A. STRATTON PROFESSOR OF PHYSICS Secretary- General Kofi A. Annan The United Nations United Nations Plaza . ..\ U New York City NY Dear Mr. Secretary-General: I have received your letter of October 1 , which you sent to me and my fellow Nobel laureates, inquiring whetHeTrwould, from time to time, provide advice and ideas so as to aid your organization in becoming more effective and responsive in its global tasks. I am grateful to be asked to support you and the United Nations for the contributions you can make to resolving the problems that now face the world are great ones. I would be pleased to help in whatever ways that I can. ~~ I have been involved in many of the issues that you deal with for many years, both as Chairman of the Union of Concerne., Scientists and, more recently, as an advisor to the World Bank. On several occasions I have participated in or initiated activities that brought together numbers of Nobel laureates to lend their voices in support of important international changes. -* . I include several examples of such activities: copies of documents, stemming from the . r work, that set out our views. I initiated the World Bank and the Union of Concerned Scientists' examples but responded to President Clinton's Round Table initiative. Again, my appreciation for your request;' I look forward to opportunities to contribute usefully. Sincerely yours ; Henry; W. -
NAI Eestor Corp Presentation June 2019
Investor Update June 2019 DISCLAIMER Certain statements and documents referred to in this presentation, other than statements of historical fact, may include forward-looking information that involves various risks and uncertainties that face the Company; such statements may contain such words as "may", "would", "could", "will", "intend", "plan", "anticipate", "believe", "estimate", "expect" and similar expressions, and may be based on manaGement's current assumptions and expectations related to all aspects of the automotive and capacitor industries, consumer demand for zero emission transportation solutions and the Global economy. Risks and uncertainties that may face the Company include, but are not restricted to: EEStor may not be able to replicate test results in mass produced commercial products; the EEStor capacitor and enerGy storaGe technoloGy may not be successfully commercialized at all, in a manner providinG the features and benefits expected while under development, or on a timely basis or the Company may not be able to successfully incorporate this technoloGy into its current or proposed products or the products of others; steps taken by the Company to protect its proprietary riGhts may not be adequate or third parties may infringe or misappropriate the Company's proprietary riGhts; the Company has a history of losses from operations and may not be able to obtain financing, if and when required or on acceptable terms due to market conditions or other factors, to fund future expenditures for General administrative activities, -
Report to ZENN Board 22 October 2012 John Galvagni DRAFT
Report to ZENN Motor Company 23 October 2012 John Galvagni Introduction Engagement: On 29 August, 2012, I was retained as a consultant to assist ZENN Motor Company Inc. (“ZENN”) in reviewing the technological developments at EEStor,Inc. of Cedar Park, Texas. (“EEStor”) and to provide a technical interpretation of EEStor’s products, manufacturing process, and technology. I understand that ZENN is both a shareholder of EEStor and has a technology agreement with EEStor that provides it certain rights to utilize the technology. I understand EEStor has been developing a capacitor technology which they expect will have Energy Storage Capability well in excess of today’s capacitors, and meeting or exceeding the Energy Density of current capacitors or batteries. Independence: I do not own any shares in ZENN and I confirm I have no arrangements or understandings with ZENN other than this consulting engagement. I am fully independent of ZENN for the purposes of providing the consulting services described herein. Qualifications I have been employed in the capacitor industry for over 40 years, and have more than 50 patents in the field. I retired in the spring of 2010 from AVX Corporation, a leading manufacturer of capacitors, as a Fellow in the Firm, the third of only five such positions at AVX since its founding in the 1930’s. Review of Visits to EEStor September 10 visit to EEStor: On September 10, 2012 I visited the EEStor facility in Cedar Park, Texas with representatives of ZENN. We met with Richard Weir, CEO of EEStor and Tom Weir, Vice President. We were given a tour of their manufacturing facility which has more than sufficient area for EEStor’s pre-production line, which line has been fully equipped with first level automation as well as necessary testing and metrology equipment. -
Eestor Corp. Company Background
EEStor Corp. (ESU:TSXV) Company Background: With an impressive portfolio of intellectual property and several key Joint Venture discussions in China, Europe and North America at advanced stages of completion, EEStor is on the verge of becoming a leading solutions provider in the vast global markets of passive electronics and solid- state energy storage. EEStor is developing new types of ceramic and polymer-based solid-state capacitor materials with the ultimate goal of replacing conventional battery technologies (lead acid and lithium-ion) with capacitors built with EEStor’s materials. This new generation of high energy density, low cost capacitor material is based on EEStor’s CMBT (Composition Modified Barium Titanate) ceramic dielectric powder. The Company is focused on licensing opportunities for its technology across a broad spectrum of industries and applications. Company Highlights: 1. Highly Experienced Management & Board of Directors • See below 2. Large & Growing Markets High Voltage High Dielectric Constant Capacitive Applications (De-coupling, Filters, Defibrillators, Inverters) • EEStor’s performance advantages: high voltage per layer/small footprint, high power, flexible, temperature stable, long life of over 1 million cycles, low amortized cost, non-toxic • According to a study from Global Market Insights, Inc. the market was $8 billion in 2016 and expected to grow to $19.8 billion by 2025 Electrochemical Capacitor Market (Grid Storage, Automotive, UPS, Railway Wayside, Pulse Power) • Electrochemical Capacitor Market to reach USD $2.18 Billion by 2022, CAGR of 20.7% (per MarketsandMarkets Supercapacitor Market - Global Forecast to 2022) High Voltage Power Factor Correction Capacitors (Grid Support and Stabilization) • Market of $1.9 billion with estimated growth of 5.0% per year (per – Paumanok Publications) 3. -
Macro Group Uk Polymer Physics Group Bulletin
Macro Group UK & Polymer Physics Group Bulletin No 84 July 2015 Number Page 84 1 July 2015 MACRO GROUP UK POLYMER PHYSICS GROUP BULLETIN INSIDE THIS ISSUE: Editorial Welcome to the July edition of the Macro Group and PPG Bulletin. We begin with the sad news of the death of Professor Sir Sam Edwards in Views from the Top 2-3 May 2015, at the age of 87. Sam Edwards was one of the leading figures in the birth and development of ‘soft matter’. This is true in terms of his Committee Members 3 own work and also in terms of the growth of research activity, across a broad range of soft materials, that he championed. An obituary of Sam Awards 4-7 can be found on pages 8-9. There will be a special tribute to Sam Edwards at the PPG Biennial in Manchester in September. News 8-11 We would like to remind you all that registration for the Biennial is open until September 1st, with poster submissions open until August 4th. As announced in the last issue of the Bulletin, the Biennial will see the Competitions Announcements 11 award of the Founders’ Prize to Professor Richard Jones (University of Sheffield). We can also now announce that the winner of the Ian Macmillan Ward Prize is Davide Michieletto (University of Warwick) and Bursaries & Meeting Reports 12-19 that the US DPOLY/PPG exchange lecturer is Bryan W. Boudouris (Purdue University). Congratulations to both Davide and Bryan. Profiles of Davide Forthcoming Meetings 20-28 and Bryan are given on page 4.