DOCSLIB.ORG

188 Preliminary Report

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
188 Preliminary Report Leg 188 Preliminary Report Prydz Bay–Cooperation Sea, Antarctica: Glacial History and Paleoceanography Shipboard Scientific Party Ocean Drilling Program Texas A&M University 1000 Discovery Drive College Station TX 77845-9547 USA April 2000 This report was prepared from shipboard files by scientists who participated in the cruise. The report was assembled under time constraints and does not contain all works and findings that will appear in the Initial Reports of the ODP Proceedings. Reference to the whole or to part of this report should be made as follows: Shipboard Scientific Party, 2000. Leg 188 Preliminary Report: Prydz Bay–Cooperation Sea, Antarctica: glacial history and paleoceanography. ODP Prelim. Rpt., 88 [Online]. Available from World Wide Web: <http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/prelim/188_prel/188prel.pdf>. [Cited YYYY-MM-DD] Distribution Electronic copies of this series may be obtained from the Ocean Drilling Program’s World Wide Web site at http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications. DISCLAIMER This publication was prepared by the Ocean Drilling Program, Texas A&M University, as an account of work performed under the international Ocean Drilling Program, which is managed by Joint Oceanographic Institutions, Inc., under contract with the National Science Foundation. Funding for the program is provided by the following agencies: Australia/Canada/Chinese Taipei/Korea Consortium for Ocean Drilling Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Federal Republic of Germany) Institut National des Sciences de l’Univers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France) Ocean Research Institute of the University of Tokyo (Japan) National Science Foundation (United States) Natural Environment Research Council (United Kingdom) European Science Foundation Consortium for the Ocean Drilling Program (Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Italy, The Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland) Marine High-Technology Bureau of the State Science and Technology Commission of the People’s Republic of China Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation, the participating agencies, Joint Oceanographic Institutions, Inc., Texas A&M University, or Texas A&M Research Foundation. Leg 188 Preliminary Report 3 The following scientists were aboard JOIDES Resolution for Leg 188 of the Ocean Drilling Program: Alan K. Cooper Steven M. Bohaty Co-Chief Scientist Paleontologist (diatoms) Department of Geological and Environmental Department of Geosciences Sciences University of Nebraska Building 320, Room 118 214 Bessey Hall Stanford University Lincoln NE 68588-0340 Stanford CA 94305 USA USA Phone: (402) 472-2648 Phone: (650) 723-0817 Fax: (402) 472-4197 Fax: (650) 725-2199 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Home Phone/Fax: (650) 321-3644 George E. Claypool Organic Geochemist Philip E. O’Brien 8910 W. 2nd Avenue Co-Chief Scientist Lakewood CO 80226 Petroleum and Marine Division USA Australian Geological Survey Organisation Phone: 303-237-8273 GPO Box 378 Fax: 303-237-8273 Canberra, ACT 2601 E-mail: [email protected] Australia Phone: 61-2-6249-9409 John E. Damuth Fax: 61-2-6249-9920 Sedimentologist E-mail: [email protected] Department of Geology University of Texas at Arlington Carl Richter PO Box 19049 Staff Scientist 500 Yates Street, Room 107 Ocean Drilling Program Arlington TX 76019-0049 Texas A&M University USA 1000 Discovery Drive Phone: (817) 273-2976 College Station TX 77845 Fax: (817) 273-2628 USA E-mail: [email protected] Phone: 409-845-2522 Fax: 409-845-0876 Patrick S. Erwin E-mail: [email protected] Paleomagnetist Earth Sciences Samantha R. Barr Oxford University LDEO Logging Trainee Parks Road Leicester University Borehole Research Oxford, Oxfordshire OX1 3PR Department of Geology United Kingdom University of Leicester Phone: (44) 1865-272-047 University Road Fax: (44) 1865-272-72 Leicester, LE1 7RH E-mail: [email protected] United Kingdom Phone: (44) 116-252-3608 Fax: (44) 116-252-3918 E-mail: [email protected] 4 Leg 188 Preliminary Report Fabio Florindo Nicole N. Januszczak Paleomagnetist Sedimentologist Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Department of Geology Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica University of Toronto at Scarborough Via di Vigna Murata 605 1265 Military Trail Rome, 00143 Scarborough, ON M1C 1A4 Italy Canada Phone: (39) 06-51-860-383/238 Phone: (416) 287-7238 Fax: (39) 06-5041-181 Fax: (416) 287-7279 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Carl Fredrik Forsberg Alexander Kaiko Physical Properties Specialist Sedimentologist Norwegian Polar Institute Department of Applied Geology Polarmiljøsenteret Curtin University of Technology N-9296 Tromsø GPO Box U1987 Norway Perth, WA 6845 Phone: 47 77 75 06 53 or 47 77 75 05 00 Australia Fax: 47 777 50 501 Phone: 61-8-9266-4459 E-mail: [email protected] Fax: 61-8-9266-3153 E-mail: [email protected] Jens Grützner GEOMAR Research Center for Marine Kelly A. Kryc Geosciences Inorganic Geochemist Christan-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Earth Sciences Wischhofstrasse 1-3, Gebaude 8/C Boston University Kiel, 24148 685 Commonwealth Avenue Germany Boston MA 02215 Phone: 49-431-600-2321 USA Fax: 49-431-600-2926 Phone: (617) 353-4085 E-mail: [email protected] Fax: (617) 353-3290 E-mail: [email protected] David A. Handwerger JOIDES Logger Mark Lavelle Department of Geology and Geophysics Inorganic Geochemist University of Utah Geological Sciences 1460 East 135 South British Antarctic Survey Room 719 High Cross, Madingley Road Salt Lake City UT 84105 Cambridge, CB3 OET USA United Kingdom Phone: 801-585-5328 Phone: 44-1223-221-421 Fax: 801-581-7065 Fax: 44-1223-362-616 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Leg 188 Preliminary Report 5 Sandra Passchier Kari O. Strand Sedimentologist Sedimentologist Geological Sciences Thule Institute Ohio State University University of Oulu 130 Orton Hall Linnanmaa 155 S. Oval Mall PO Box 7300 Columbus OH 43210 FIN-90014 USA Phone: 358-8-553-3556 Phone: (614) 292-2605 Fax: 358-8-553-3564 Fax: (614) 292-1496 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Brian Taylor James J. Pospichal Physical Properties Specialist Paleontologist (nannofossils) Jacques Whitford and Associates Department of Geology 3 Spectacle Lake Drive Florida State University Dartmouth, NS B3B 1W8 Tallahassee FL 32306 Canada USA Phone: (902) 468-0432 Phone: (850) 644-5860 Fax: (902) 468-9009 Fax: (850) 644-4214 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Kevin M. Theissen Patrick G. Quilty Sedimentologist Paleontologist (foraminifers) Geological and Environmental Sciences School of Earth Sciences Stanford University University of Tasmania Building 320, Room 118 Sandy Bay Campus Stanford CA 94305-2215 GPO Box 252-79 USA Hobart, TAS 7050 Phone: (650) 281-7998 Australia Fax: (650) 725-0979 Phone: (61)3-6226-2814 E-mail: [email protected] Fax: (61)3-6223-2547 E-mail: [email protected] Detlef A. Warnke Sedimentologist Michele A. Rebesco Department of Geological Sciences Sedimentologist California State University, Hayward Geofisica della Litosfera 25800 Carlos Bee Boulevard Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Hayward CA 94542-3088 Geofisica Sperimentale USA Borgo Grotta Gigante 42/C Phone: (510) 885-4716 Sgonico, Trieste 34010 Fax: (510) 885-2526 Italy E-mail: [email protected] Phone: 39-040-2140252 Fax: 39-040-327307 E-mail: [email protected] 6 Leg 188 Preliminary Report Patricia A. Whalen Paleontologist (radiolarians) Wolf Ridge 968-CR-206 Eureka Springs AR 72632 USA Phone: (501) 253-5011 Fax: (501) 253-2031 E-mail: [email protected] Jason M. Whitehead Paleontologist (diatoms) Department of Geosciences University of Nebraska 214 Bessy Hall Lincoln NE 68588-0340 USA Phone: (402) 472-2648 Fax: (402) 472-4917 E-mail: [email protected] Trevor Williams LDEO Logging Scientist Borehole Research Group Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory Route 9W Palisades NY 10964 USA Phone: (914) 365-8626 Fax: (914) 365-3182 E-mail: [email protected] Leg 188 Preliminary Report 7 SCIENTIFIC REPORT ABSTRACT Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 188 was drilled based on one of five linked proposals to decipher Cenozoic glacial history and paleoenvironments of Antarctica by drilling transects across the continental margin in five different regions. ODP Leg 178 (Antarctic Peninsula) was the first such proposal to be drilled. Three sites were drilled on Leg 188, with one each on the Prydz Bay continental shelf, slope, and rise. These sites provide records of the transition from East Antarctic preglacial to glacial conditions on the shelf (Site 1166); the variability of onshore erosion areas and glaciomarine depositional settings, during latest Neogene glacial–interglacial periods, on the slope (Site 1167); and the long-term, lower to upper Miocene transition from temperate to cold-climate glaciation, with superimposed short-term glacier fluctuations since early Miocene time (Site 1165). These sites document the paleoenvironments for select periods during Cenozoic and older times as Antarctica transformed from a temperate to polar setting. INTRODUCTION The Antarctic Ice Sheet and the ocean surrounding it are key components in the global climate regime from the early Cenozoic to the present. The steep climatic gradient generates the vigorous atmospheric and oceanic circulation of the Southern Hemisphere, and sea ice formation ventilates and provides nutrients to much of the world’s oceans. Deep water mass formation around Antarctica is also a major sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide. The ice sheet is also the most likely governor of rapid eustatic sea-level change (Barrett, 1999). As part of the effort to understand the mechanics of Antarctic climate and its likely response to change, the Scientific Committee for Antarctic Research (SCAR) Working Groups on Geology and Solid Earth Geophysics have supported the Antarctic Offshore Stratigraphy Project (ANTOSTRAT), which has developed a series of Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) proposals for drilling on the Antarctic margin.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Sc Annex 7 Cover
    ANNEX 7 REPORT OF THE JOINT MEETING OF THE WORKING GROUP ON KRILL AND THE WORKING GROUP FOR THE CCAMLR ECOSYSTEM MONITORING PROGRAM (Cape Town, South Africa, 27 July to 2 August 1994) TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION MEETING OBJECTIVES PREY MONITORING Data Collection Procedures Review of Available Data Krill Biomass Estimates in the Integrated Study Regions (ISRs) Fine-scale Catch Data Fine-scale Surveys PREDATOR MONITORING ECOSYSTEM INTERACTIONS Distribution of Krill Fishing and Predators Potential Effect of Precautionary Measures Krill/Predator Functional Relationships ECOSYSTEM ASSESSMENT Development of Prey, Fishery and Environmental Indices Integrating Predator, Prey, Environmental and Fishery Indices into Ecosystem Assessments CEMP Experimental Approaches (Experimental Fishing Regimes) Incorporating Ecosystem Assessments into Management Advice ORGANISATION OF FUTURE WORK Advice on the Re-organisation of the Scientific Committee’s Working Groups List of Priority Activities Terms of Reference of a New Working Group on Ecosystem Monitoring and Management (WG-EMM) OTHER BUSINESS Future Cooperative Research ADOPTION OF THE REPORT CLOSE OF THE MEETING TABLES APPENDIX A: Agenda APPENDIX B: List of Participants APPENDIX C: List of Documents 1 REPORT OF THE JOINT MEETING OF THE WORKING GROUP ON KRILL AND THE WORKING GROUP FOR THE CCAMLR ECOSYSTEM MONITORING PROGRAM (Cape Town, South Africa, 27 July to 2 August 1994) INTRODUCTION 1.1 The second Joint Meeting of the Working Group on Krill (WG-Krill) and the Working Group for the CCAMLR Ecosystem Monitoring Program (WG-CEMP) was held at the Breakwater Lodge, Cape Town, South Africa, between 27 July and 2 August 1994, and was chaired by the Chairman of the Scientific Committee, Dr K.-H.
    [Show full text]
  • Amanda Bay, Ingrid Christensen Coast, Princess Elizabeth Land, East Antarctica
    MEASURE 3 - ANNEX Management Plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No 169 AMANDA BAY, INGRID CHRISTENSEN COAST, PRINCESS ELIZABETH LAND, EAST ANTARCTICA Introduction Amanda Bay is located on the Ingrid Christensen Coast of Princess Elizabeth Land, East Antarctica at 69°15' S, 76°49’59.9" E. (Map A). The Antarctic Specially Protected Area (ASPA) is designated to protect the breeding colony of several thousand pairs of emperor penguins annually resident in the south-west corner of Amanda Bay, while providing for continued collection of valuable long- term research and monitoring data and comparative studies with colonies elsewhere in East Antarctica. Only two other emperor penguin colonies along the extensive East Antarctic coastline are protected within ASPAs (ASPA 120, Point Géologie Archipelago and ASPA 167 Haswell Island). Amanda Bay is more easily accessed, from vessels or by vehicle from research stations in the Larsemann Hills and Vestfold Hills, than many other emperor penguin colonies in East Antarctica. This accessibility is advantageous for research purposes, but also creates the potential for human disturbance of the birds. The Antarctic coastline in the vicinity of Amanda Bay was first sighted and named the Ingrid Christensen Coast by Captain Mikkelsen in command of the Norwegian ship Thorshavn on 20 February 1935. Oblique aerial photographs of the coastline were taken by the Lars Christensen expedition in 1937 and by the US Operation Highjump in 1947 for reconnaissance purposes. In the 1954/55 summer, the Australian National Antarctic Research Expedition (ANARE) on the Kista Dan explored the waters of Prydz Bay, and the first recorded landing in the area was made by a sledging party led by Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Data Structure
    Data structure – Water The aim of this document is to provide a short and clear description of parameters (data items) that are to be reported in the data collection forms of the Global Monitoring Plan (GMP) data collection campaigns 2013–2014. The data itself should be reported by means of MS Excel sheets as suggested in the document UNEP/POPS/COP.6/INF/31, chapter 2.3, p. 22. Aggregated data can also be reported via on-line forms available in the GMP data warehouse (GMP DWH). Structure of the database and associated code lists are based on following documents, recommendations and expert opinions as adopted by the Stockholm Convention COP6 in 2013: · Guidance on the Global Monitoring Plan for Persistent Organic Pollutants UNEP/POPS/COP.6/INF/31 (version January 2013) · Conclusions of the Meeting of the Global Coordination Group and Regional Organization Groups for the Global Monitoring Plan for POPs, held in Geneva, 10–12 October 2012 · Conclusions of the Meeting of the expert group on data handling under the global monitoring plan for persistent organic pollutants, held in Brno, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2012 The individual reported data component is inserted as: · free text or number (e.g. Site name, Monitoring programme, Value) · a defined item selected from a particular code list (e.g., Country, Chemical – group, Sampling). All code lists (i.e., allowed values for individual parameters) are enclosed in this document, either in a particular section (e.g., Region, Method) or listed separately in the annexes below (Country, Chemical – group, Parameter) for your reference.
    [Show full text]
  • Detection of Iceberg Calving Events in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica During 2013 – 2015 Using LISS-IV/IRS-P6 Satellite Data
    CZECH POLAR REPORTS 8 (2): 275-285, 2018 Detection of iceberg calving events in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica during 2013 – 2015 using LISS-IV/IRS-P6 satellite data Shridhar Digambar Jawak1,2*, Meghna Sengupta3,4, Alvarinho Joaozinho Luis2 1Svalbard Integrated Arctic Earth Observing System (SIOS), SIOS Knowledge Centre, University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS), P.O. Box 156, N-9171, Longyearbyen, Svalbard, Norway 2Polar Remote Sensing Section, Polar Sciences Group, Earth System Science Organiza- tion (ESSO), National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research (NCAOR), Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Govt. of India, Headland Sada, Goa 403804, India 3Department of Civil Engineering, SRM University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu–603203, India 4Department of Environment, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, New Zealand Abstract This study discusses the calving event took place in Prydz Bay of East Antarctica during the epoch of 2013–2015 using high resolution multispectral data from Indian Linear Imaging Self Scanning Sensor (LISS-IV) aboard IRS-P6 satellite. The present study has been conducted on Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, East Antarctica. The two LISS-IV images (5.8 m spatial resolution) acquired specifically 384 days apart (December 31, 2013 and January 19, 2015) were utilized to study the significant changes that have occurred in icebergs during this short epoch. A total of 369 common icebergs present in both images were identified for analysing the changes in their dimensions because of surface melting. All of these icebergs were found to have lost mass because of surface melting and ocean forced base melting; therefore, they have reduced in dimension depicted by 12.51% lapse in terms of surface area.
    [Show full text]
  • (FIPS) for Land-Fast Sea Ice at Prydz Bay, East Antarctica: an Operational Service for CHINARE
    Annals of Glaciology Fast Ice Prediction System (FIPS) for land-fast sea ice at Prydz Bay, East Antarctica: an operational service for CHINARE Jiechen Zhao1,2, Bin Cheng3 , Timo Vihma3, Petra Heil4, Fengming Hui5,6, Article Qi Shu7,2 , Lin Zhang1 and Qinghua Yang8,6 Cite this article: Zhao J, Cheng B, Vihma T, Heil P, Hui F, Shu Q, Zhang L, Yang Q (2020). 1Key Laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting, National Marine Environmental Forecasting Centre (NMEFC), Fast Ice Prediction System (FIPS) for land-fast Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100081, China; 2Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical sea ice at Prydz Bay, East Antarctica: an Modelling, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; 3Finnish operational service for CHINARE. Annals of Meteorological Institute (FMI), Helsinki 00101, Finland; 4Australia Antarctic Division & Australian Antarctic Glaciology 61(83), 271–283. https://doi.org/ Programmer Partnership, Private Bag 80, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia; 5School of Geospatial Engineering and 10.1017/aog.2020.46 Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China; 6Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong 7 Received: 26 November 2019 Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China; First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 8 Revised: 1 June 2020 Qingdao 266061, China and School of Atmospheric Sciences, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Accepted: 2 June 2020 Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China First published online: 9 July 2020 Key words: Abstract Antarctica; land-fast sea ice; operational A Fast Ice Prediction System (FIPS) was constructed and is the first regional land-fast sea-ice service; Prydz Bay; snow and ice thickness; forecasting system for the Antarctic.
    [Show full text]
  • Draft Comprehensive Environmental Evaluation of New Indian Research Base at Larsemann Hills, Antarctica
    Draft Comprehensive Environmental Evaluation of New Indian Research Base at Larsemann Hills, Antarctica 4. ALTERNATIVES TO PROPOSED ACTIVITY A review of the Indian Antarctic Programme was undertaken by an Expert Committee (Rao, 1996), which recommended broadening of India’s scientific data base in Antarctica for having a regional spread of the data rather than a localized one. A Task Force was, therefore, constituted to go into the details and recommend a suitable site after considering all the pros and cons. This Task Force undertook reconnaissance traverses all along the eastern coast of Antarctica from India Bay at 11° E. longitude to 78°E longitude in Prydz Bay, to examine all possible alternatives suiting the scientific and logistic requirements set for the future station. 4.1 Alternative Locations at Regional Level Three alternatives were suggested in the Review Report, mentioned above, based on the scrutiny of published literature and feedback from different Indian and international expeditions to Antarctica. These were: a) Antarctic Peninsula, b) Filchner Ice shelf c) Amery Ice shelf – Prydz Bay area 4.1.1 Antarctic Peninsula Antarctic Peninsula is the most crowded place in Antarctica, so far as the stations of different nations and the visits of the tourists to the icy continent are concerned. The area is also very sensitive to the global warming as has been demonstrated by the international studies, which have shown that the Peninsula has warmed by 2° C since 1950 (Cook et al., 2005). 4.1.2 Filchner Ice Shelf The Filchner Ice Shelf poses serious logistic constraints in maintaining a research station as the sea ice condition in this area are very tough.
    [Show full text]
  • Author's Response Reviewer 1 We Thank the Reviewer for Their
    Author’s Response Reviewer 1 We thank the Reviewer for their constructive comments regarding our manuscript. Our responses to specific comments are shown below in blue. This manuscript analyzed published transient simulations of the last deglaciation with a focus on regional conditions in Antarctic and Southern Ocean. The authors compared modeled temperature, accumulation rate and sea ice with available proxy estimates. Using model simulations, the authors also explored changes in variables and relationships that could impact ice-sheet mass balance. The manuscript is well-written. The topic may interest readers of Climate of the Past. But, I hope the following questions and comments will be addressed. Major comments: 1. In general, I feel the authors largely overlooked potential biases and uncertainty in proxy records, including the ice-core temperature and Alkenone- and Mg/Ca-based SSTs. Stable isotopes in ice cores reflect complicated signals in climate system, such as changes in seasonality (Jouzel et al., 2003; Erb et al., 2018), sea-ice content and changes in moisture source regions (Noone and Simmonds, 2004; Holloway et al., 2016), etc. Similarly, marine SST records are also subject to substantial uncertainties (for example, see Tierney and Tingley, (2018) for a discussion of alkenone-based SSTs). The authors should better consider and incorporate these biases and uncertainties in their model-data comparison and related discussion. I suggest the authors further explore possible seasonality biases in ice-core and marine sediment records by comparing modeled seasonal temperatures, in addition to annual mean, with proxy records. They can also test whether water isotopes in ice cores more reflect temperature at condensation level or surface air temperature.
    [Show full text]
  • Notice of Vacancy Seconded National Experts to The
    Form DG.1 (EN) NOTICE OF VACANCY SECONDED NATIONAL EXPERTS TO THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION Post identification: MARE-A-3 (DG-DIR-UNIT) Head of Unit: Christos Economou Email address: [email protected] Telephone: +32 2 29 66 310 Number of available posts: 1 Suggested taking up duty: 1st quarter 2020 1 Suggested initial duration: 1 year1 Place of secondment: Brussels Luxembourg Other: …………………... With allowances Cost-free This vacancy notice is also open to the following EFTA countries : Iceland Liechtenstein Norway Switzerland EFTA-EEA In-Kind agreement (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway) the following third countries: the following intergovernmental organisations: 1 Nature of the tasks: DG Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (DG MARE) aims to develop the potential of the European maritime economy and to secure sustainable fisheries, a stable supply of seafood, healthy seas and prosperous coastal communities – for today's Europeans and for future generations. This involves formulating, developing and implementing the Common Fisheries Policy – the cornerstone of our actions for a sustainable exploitation of fisheries resources; and promoting an integrated approach to all maritime policies. The DG has around 370 staff, distributed over 5 Directorates and 20 Units. The wide variety of responsibilities creates an interesting and challenging working environment. Hierarchical circuits are short, and working efforts translate into tangible results with a direct impact on the ground and on stakeholders. Unit A3 drives forward the maritime policy of the EU by fostering dialogue and cooperation on maritime issues and by developing initiatives in the European sea basins to help coastal communities and regions diversify and expand their economies.
    [Show full text]
  • Dynamics of Dalk Glacier in East Antarctica Derived from Multisource Satellite Observations Since 2000
    remote sensing Article Dynamics of Dalk Glacier in East Antarctica Derived from Multisource Satellite Observations Since 2000 Yiming Chen 1,2 , Chunxia Zhou 1,2,*, Songtao Ai 1,2 , Qi Liang 1,2, Lei Zheng 1,2, Ruixi Liu 1,2 and Haobo Lei 1,2 1 Chinese Antarctic Center of Surveying and Mapping, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; [email protected] (Y.C.); [email protected] (S.A.); [email protected] (Q.L.); [email protected] (L.Z.); [email protected] (R.L.); [email protected] (H.L.) 2 Key Laboratory of Polar Surveying and Mapping, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan 430079, China * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 26 April 2020; Accepted: 1 June 2020; Published: 3 June 2020 Abstract: Monitoring variability in outlet glaciers can improve the understanding of feedbacks associated with calving, ocean thermal forcing, and climate change. In this study, we present a remote-sensing investigation of Dalk Glacier in East Antarctica to analyze its dynamic changes. Terminus positions and surface ice velocities were estimated from Landsat and Sentinel-1 data, and the high-precision Worldview digital elevation model (DEM) was generated to determine the location of the potential ice rumple. We detected the cyclic behavior of glacier terminus changes and similar periodic increases in surface velocity since 2000. The terminus retreated in 2006, 2009, 2010, and 2016 and advanced in other years. The surface velocity of Dalk Glacier has a 5-year cycle with interannual speed-ups in 2007, 2012, and 2017.
    [Show full text]
  • Report of Short Term Assignment DFID Contract Number: ESD/14 Comparative Analysis of OECD/DAC Guidance and Other Internationally
    Report of Short Term Assignment DFID Contract Number: ESD/14 Comparative analysis of OECD/DAC Guidance and other internationally important SEA regimes August 30 2006 Purpose The purpose of this briefing note is to provide a short, factual comparison of the differences and similarities among SEA approaches promoted and adopted internationally with particular reference to the implications for the donor community. Introduction In June 2006, the OECD/ DAC published the Good Practice Guidance on Applying SEA in Development Cooperation for use by its members and partner countries. This guidance now serves as a commonly agreed framework for strengthening and harmonising the use of SEA in support of international development policies, plans and programmes, as called for in the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness 2005. Currently, the guidance is being pilot tested by a number of multilateral and bilateral aid agencies as part of their ongoing activities. This process is designed to assist donor agencies to come to a better understanding of the ways that the Guidance can improve SEA application across a broad scope of development assistance activities. It also is expected to identify opportunities for coordination of their SEA procedures within partner countries, helping to implement a more coherent approach consistent with the harmonisation agenda agreed by the donor community. At the same time, the Guidance calls for donor agencies to take a flexible approach to SEA, adapting processes and tools to the particular context and issues encountered. This is a difficult challenge within the harmonisation agenda but not a contradictory one, since adaptation to purpose provides a convergence point for different processes.
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental Protection Efforts and the Threat of Climate Change in the Arctic
    Resumen: El cambio climático es un problema mundial polifacético, y la región ártica es una de las áreas más vulnerables actualmente en riesgo debido a sus efectos perjudiciales. El Ártico regula el clima de la Tierra y, por lo tanto, la protec- ción ambiental del Ártico es un diálogo necesario que debe explorarse en las relaciones internacionales. Es un problema global de máxima importancia. Esta tesis destaca el papel de los diferentes protagonistas del Ártico, incluido el Consejo Ártico, el principal foro internacional en las relaciones diplomáticas árticas. Esto nos lleva a un examen del trabajo que las Naciones Unidas han llevado a cabo con respecto al cambio climático y, finalmente, a comparar la política ártica de dos Instituto Universitario fuerzas (o potencias)globales clave, la Unión Europea y los Estados Unidos. Sus perspectivas divergentes son claras; la UE es una unión política y económica colectiva sin un estado propio del Ártico, mientras que los EE. UU. es una nación in- de Estudios Europeos dependiente del Ártico con más intereses geopolíticos y territoriales en la región. Se explorarán las políticas, los intereses, la cooperación y los desafíos de la UE y los EE. UU. en el Ártico. Se discutirán puntos clave como la Política ártica de 2016 de la UE, la presidencia finlandesa del Consejo Ártico, la política divisoria de los EE. UU respecto al cambio climático y las fuentes energéticas, y la tendencia de EEUU a rechazar los acuerdos colectivos internacionales. Al final, sus posturas sobre el medio ambiente son lo verdaderamente importante. El cambio climático y el Ártico están relacionados científica- mente y, por lo tanto, la protección ambiental del Ártico es crucial en el debate sobre el cambio climático.
    [Show full text]
  • IHB File No. S3/7020 CIRCULAR LETTER 55/2001 7 November
    IHB File No. S3/7020 CIRCULAR LETTER 55/2001 7 November 2001 FOURTH EDITION OF S-23 “LIMITS OF OCEANS AND SEAS” (Draft) References: 1) Decision No.17 of the XIth I.H. Conference, 1977 2) Circular Letter 27/1998, dated 8 June 1998 3) Circular Letter 26/1999, dated 1 June 1999 4) Circular Letter 45/1999, dated 17 September 1999 Dear Sir, Enclosed is a CD-Rom containing a draft of the Fourth Edition of IHO Publication S-23 “Limits of Oceans and Seas” (English version). There has been considerable interest in the availability of an updated version of this publication. As long ago as the XIth I.H. Conference in 1977, the Organization requested the Bureau, by Decision No.17 of that Conference, to undertake a revision of S-23. As you are aware, the draft presented to Member States in 1986 was not approved. Various attempts have been made to prepare another edition since that date, and since the last Conference we have engaged the services of Mr. Adam J. Kerr, former IHB Director (1987-1997), to progress the work. Some of you will have been in direct contact with him in the course of his work and the help that you have given is much appreciated. Some limited distribution was given to specific chapters to obtain regional comments and these have now been considered and included in the text. The purpose of this publication is to provide guidance to Government-authorized Hydrographic Offices, when compiling their charts and preparing their nautical publications, in order to ensure the greatest possible uniformity in the use of geographical names of oceans and seas.
    [Show full text]