DOCSLIB.ORG

Life in Finland

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Life in Finland Welcome to Turku and Finland! This manual is made a short introduction to Finnish culture and society. We hope You will enjoy it. Foreword Everybody who lives in Finland has the right and This manual is a short introduction to Finnish This manual is produced in obligation to live according to Finnish laws and various customs, society and working life. It is intended to cooperation with Turku City and ESR-financed project POLKU - kinds of rules. The constitution of Finland guarantees make it easier for immigrants to get to know Finnish International talents as resource everybody the following rights, among others: freedom culture and adapt to it. The manual may also be useful for expanding companies. of speech, thought and religion, as well as the right to for employees working with immigrants in terms of forbid all kind of discrimination and unfair treatment of advice and as educational material on society. people. On the other hand, freedoms and rights also Many of the issues handled in the guide may bring along obligations. Everybody must have the right appear self-evident. Nevertheless, there may be great and obligation to participate in developing the society differences between cultures and procedures in coun- and in decision-making. Everybody has the right to tries with different kinds of social structures. Ignorance resort to health care or social security, when needed. of the contents of laws does not exempt people from Likewise, everybody has the obligation to participate in responsibility; therefore, it is important to know about financing social services by paying taxes. the rules guiding Finnish society and life. 2 | Life in Finland | Foreword Content 4 Moving to Finland 28 Getting married and registering a relationship 46 Traffic 4 Right of admittance and the immigrant status 28 Marriage 47 Bikes and motorbikes 5 The population register system and identity - Spousal rights and responsibilities 47 Driving number - Divorce - Driver’s lisenses - Having a child - Purchasing a vehicle, condition, inspection 6 Housing 32 Death and burial and other regulations 6 General information - Matters of inheritance - Registering 8 Leasing - Funerals - Inspecting the vehicle and vehicle condition 8 Other forms of housing - Tax liability 9 Pets 34 Finnish nature 9 Moving – remember these 34 Public rights of access and perponsibilities 50 Intoxicants 36 Finnish society and government 50 Tobacco and smoking 10 Finance and insurance 50 Alcohol 11 Management of finances 37 Rights 50 Drugs 11 Insurance 38 Responsibilities - National defence obligation 51 Emergencies and problems 12 Finland - Taxation 51 Emergency number 112 12 The Finnish way of life 52 General danger signal 13 Meet a Finn 40 Work and livelihood 52 If you are the victim of a crime 15 Holidays in Finland 41 Permits required for work - Discrimination 18 Public holidays 41 Labour legislation and collective agreements - Domestic violence 19 Traditional minorities 42 The duties and rights of the employer and - Emotional support 20 Later immigration the employee 22 Finnish history 42 Work contract 54 Crime and punishment 43 Wages and other benefits 55 Legal proceedings 24 Finnish life 43 Leisure time and vacations 56 Criminal sanctions 24 Birth, registering and naming 44 Assignments and travel allowances 56 Criminal record 24 Childhood and youth 26 Compulsory education 44 Social security and health care 27 Dating and relationships 45 Pension 3 | Life in Finland | Content Moving to Finland Right of admittance and residence permits are processed by the Finnish their citizens within the area, which usually means Immigration Service (Migri). Migri handles: that foreigners living in the area permanently are also the immigrant status • residence permits for aliens entering Finland entitled to freedom of movement. Schengen states Immigration refers to anyone who has moved to Finland - study have also agreed on which nationals are required to for whatever reason. The causes of immigration vary - work (employees and entrepreneurs) have a visa to enter the area. Almost all African and greatly. Some have left their home country voluntarily - remigration Asian countries, among others, are countries whose because of love, family or work. Others have been forced - family reunification nationals need a visa to enter the area. to leave their home country due to political or religious - asylum seekers Once a foreigner has lived permanently in Finland reasons, or they have fled for their lives from war. • assigns alien’s passports and refugee travel for a long enough period of time, they have the Alien refers to anyone who is not a Finnish citizen. documents opportunity to apply for Finnish citizenship or dual The right to enter the country and work here is primarily • processes citizenship applications nationality. Residence period, language proficiency and determined by the nationality of the immigrant and/or • maintains the registrations of EU citizens other requirements as well as instructions on applying country of residence as well as the reason for moving and their family members for citizenship can be found on the Migri website. to Finland. Residence permits are either temporary Finland is part of the Schengen area. The countries • INFO: Visa required for entry to Finland and or permanent. Issues related to immigration and in the area have agreed on freedom of movement for other travel documents: https://bitly.fi/formin 4 | Life in Finland | Moving to Finland Moving to Finland and working in Finland are governed by numerous laws, of which the following are the most important: Enter Finland • Aliens Act (2004) The e-service is the • Act on the Promotion of easiest way to fill in Immigrant Integration (2010) all application to Migri: account, for example. Anyone born in Finland receives • Act on receiving asylum seekers https://enterfinland.fi/ their identity number automatically and Finnish citizens (2011) born outside of Finland are issued a number based on eServices • Legislation on the Register of Aliens their birth certificate. and the register on aliens working Information about seeking asylum in Finland: A foreigner moving to Finland may receive an http://asyluminfinland.info/ identity number when they have been registered in the Valid laws and regulations: population register upon their own request. www.finlex.fi A person may ask to be registered by visiting Maistraatti, a loval registry office, in person, or in some cases by visiting the tax office. Registering may only be completed if the residence permit is granted and all the requirements for the The population register registration are fulfilled. system and identity number Foreigner’s identity card Every foreign citizen, who has a residence permit and Basic information on people living in Finland is entered home municipality can apply a Foreigner’s identity card. into the population register system. This information If the applicant does not already have a passport or includes name, date of birth, nationality, family relations identity card, the identity of applicant will be proven by and place of domicile. The information is used for the fingerprint comparison. The card validity period is organising elections, taxation, health care, judicial earmarked for a residence permit validity. administration and statistics, among other things. The ID card can apply for either electronically or The identity number is a means of identification that in person at the police station. individualises a person. It remains unchanged through- • INFO: www.maistraatti.fi/en/ out a person’s life. The identity number is needed for http://vrk.fi/en/frontpage dealing with the authorities and when opening a bank www.poliisi.fi/licences 5 | Life in Finland | Moving to Finland Housing INFO • www.suomi.fi/suomifi/ suomi/palvelut_aiheittain/ asuminen_ja_rakentaminen/ asunnon_hankinta/ asumismuodot/index.html There are several different forms of General information saunas, storage areas, barbeque shelters, etc.) housing in Finland. You can live in The general principle is that everyone cleans Anyone living in a block of flats or a terraced after themselves in shared areas. an owner-occupied flat, rent as a primary house, however, must comply with the rules set by the • You should not make noise or litter in the stairwell. tenant or subtenant, live in a right of housing company. Housing companies usually provide You must not keep your personal belongings in the residence apartment or a partially owned written rules that all residents must follow. Special stairwell, but either in your own flat or in storage. flat. If you have a small income, you may attention should be paid to • Some renovations inside the flat may require per- receive housing benefits regardless of • silence (usually from 10 p.m. to 7 a.m.). If you want mission from the housing company. You must to throw a party at your house, you should inform the form of housing. always submit a written notice of any renovations the neighbours in advance, by posting a notice on when the renovation may affect structures that the notice board, for example are the responsibility of the housing company or • Smoking may be prohibted in some buildings. neighbouring flats. These include bathroom • Parking Cars usually have designated parking places. renovations, for example. The notice is usually • The use of shared facilities (laundry rooms, submitted to the property manager. 6 | Life in Finland | Housing and water bills, as well as help the environment. Take out the trash. Waste must be sorted into their Shhh... • Have leaking taps and toilets fixed. Leaky taps specified containers. At least glass, metal, paper, Silence should be reported to the landlord, the caretaker cardboard and waste that can be burned should be or the property manager. sorted. Some housing companies also have a compost 22– 07. • Do not run the taps unnecessarily. for organic waste. Many cities also have recycling • Turn the power off when you are not using electrical points that collect waste plastic and clothes separately.
Recommended publications
  • Social Welfare and Healthcare in Finland

    Social Welfare and Healthcare in Finland

    Social welfare and healthcare in Finland Finland’s constitution requires that public authorities, in addition to providing health services for all, promote peoples’ health. This is accomplished by addressing the determinants of health and by reducing risk factors. Everyone has access to quality health and social services regardless of their financial situation. Finland in a nutshell Finland is a republic and a member of the European Union (EU). In terms of its area, Finland is the fifth-largest country in the EU, with a population of 5.5 million people. Finland is divided into self-governed municipalities (295 in mainland Finland). The national languages are Finnish (88% of population), Swedish and Sámi. FINLAND – DEMOGRAPHIC AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS Facts about Finland 2017 Finland EU28 Demographic factors Population size (millions) 5,5 511,4 Share of population age 75 and over (%) 9,1 9,3 Total fertility rate 1,49 1,59 Sosioeconomic factors Purchasing power adjusted GDP per capita 32 700 30 000 People at risk of poverty or social exclusion (%) 15,7 22,4 Unemployment rate 8,6 7,6 Finnish social welfare the functional capacity, social wellbeing and safety and healthcare system and inclusion of individuals, families and communities. Local authorities (municipalities) are responsible for Health services are divided into primary healthcare organising social and health services. Municipalities delivered by 142 municipal health centres, secondary can form joint municipal authorities to provide ser- care that is delivered in 20 central hospitals and some vices together with other municipalities. Municipali- local hospitals, as well as tertiary care delivered in five ties can also outsource the provision of social welfare university hospitals.
  • A Guidebook for Expectant Parents Dear Reader

    A Guidebook for Expectant Parents Dear Reader

    We’re having a baby A guidebook for expectant parents Dear Reader, Babies are born in many different situations, into different kinds of families: The baby can be the first born or be born into a group of siblings. Some ba- bies have one parent while others have two. Some are born into traditional nuclear families, others in- to stepfamilies. Some pregnancies have been care- fully planned while others come as quite a sur- prise. This booklet contains information on pregnan- cy, birth and parenting. It also gives advice on how to take care of the baby and where to find help and support. We hope that this booklet will provide you with good advice and useful information. The prenatal and child health clinics are there to offer support and advice on good parenting. You can also contact the maternity hospital and organisa- tions dedicated to issues concerning children and families for further support. u We’re having a baby 27. edition STAKES National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Illustrations by Taru Castrén Layout by Hanna Tennilä, Textop Oy ISBN 978-951-33-2176-5 Erikoispaino Oy Helsinki 2008 3 Content From conception to birth Pregnancy Conception takes place during ovulation, your last menstruation. A normal pregnan- which is approximately two weeks after cy lasts between 32 and 42 weeks. To cal- From conception to birth . .5 the first day of menstruation. The ovum culate the expected date of delivery, add 40 Signs of pregnancy . .10 can be fertilised by male sperm for 24 weeks (= 9 months and 7 days) to the date hours.
  • We're Having a Baby

    We're Having a Baby

    We’re having a Updated newBABY version here: This guidebook is intended for all parents expecting a http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-343-575-9 child. It contains up-to-date information on pregnancy, delivery and caring for your baby, as well as services for families with children. It also addresses parenthood, the relationship between the parents, the child’s development and interaction with the child. This guidebook provides information and practical tips for daily life and parenthood. This revised edition is based on previous editions and has been produced through collaboration between experts and parents. Publication sales National Institute for Health and Welfare www.thl.fi/bookshop P.O. Box 30 (Mannerheimintie 166) .!7BC5<3"DFLGFJ! 00271 Helsinki Phone: 029 524 7190 ISBN 978-952-302-832-6 Phone: 029 524 6000 www.thl.fi A guidebook for expecting and looking after a baby This guidebook has been published since the beginning of the 1980s. Sirpa Taskinen, Psychologist at the then National Board of Social Welfare, had the main responsibility for the texts in the original guidebook. Over the years, the contents Each child is unique of this guidebook have been edited and supplemented several times. We would like to extend our warmest thanks to the experts and parents who have shared During the first year, the child has transformed from a their knowledge with us and contributed to this new edition of the guidebook. helpless infant to a little person learning to walk. This would not have been possible without interaction with other people. Each child is unique.
  • What Is Pancake Day?

    What Is Pancake Day?

    All About Pancake Day What Is Pancake Day? Pancake Day It is celebrated on Lent is a time when is also called the Tuesday before Christians are getting Shrove Tuesday. Lent begins. ready for Easter. Why Do People Eat Pancakes on Shrove Tuesday? In the past, people gave The day before Lent That is why up food like eggs, milk began, they would use people eat pancakes and sugar at Lent. up all these foods by on Pancake Day! making pancakes. What Are Pancakes Made From? Pancakes are made from batter. The batter is made using: flour eggs milk How Do We Make Pancakes? We mix all these Then we put the batter in a ingredients together. frying pan and cook it. How Do We Eat Pancakes? When the pancake is cooked, we serve it with our favourite toppings, like lemon juice and sugar. What is your favourite topping? Pancake Racing People often have pancake races. They run, sometimes in fancy dress, whilst tossing a cooked pancake in a frying pan at the same time. The first person to cross the finish line is the winner! Photo courtesy of robinmyerscough (@flickr.com) - granted under creative commons licence - attribution How Do Other Countries Celebrate Pancake Day? Sweden The Swedish call Pancake Day ‘Fettsdagen’, which means ‘Fat Tuesday’. They eat a pastry called Semla instead of pancakes. Photo courtesy of hepp (@flickr.com) - granted under creative commons licence - attribution Brazil Pancake Day is called ‘Mardi Gras’ here as well as many other catholic and Protestant countries. Photo courtesy of Mr. GunnText4 (@flickr.com) - granted under creative commons licence - attribution Estonia Pancake Day is ‘Laskiainen’ in Estonia and they eat pea soup along with cream buns called ‘Vastlakukkel’.
  • Finland in the World Media Ministry for Foreign Afairs Review of 2016

    Finland in the World Media Ministry for Foreign Afairs Review of 2016

    Finland in the world media Ministry for Foreign Afairs review of 2016 Finland has been more visible and, consequently, so have its positive sides. Finland’s overall rating In 2016, Finland’s reputation in the world media improved slightly measured on a scale from 1 to 5. Let it be said here that Finland’s visibility in the Swedish media seems to have increased (in quantitative terms) on a more permanent basis than we expected in the previous survey.” – SWEDEN In addition to the Nordic countries, there has been above average interest in Finland in South Korea, Japan, Chile, Argentina and Iran. 2016 Perustulokokeilu Sananvapaus Sipilä PISA Koulutusjärjestelmä NATO Sauna Turvapaikanhakijat äitiyspakkaus Itämeren turvallisuus Slush Lonely Planet Energia- & cleantech-teknologia Soldiers of Odin joulupukki Puolustusyhteistyö 2014 Perustulokokeilu Sananvapaus Sipilä PISA Koulutusjärjestelmä2015 NATO Sauna Turvapaikanhakijat äitiyspakkaus Itämeren turvallisuus Slush Lonely Planet Perustulokokeilu Sananvapaus Sipilä joulupukkiPISA Koulutus Energia- & cleantech-teknologia Jääkiekon MM ruoka Katainen Soldiers of Odin joulupukki Koulutusjärjestelmääitiyspakkaus Niinistö Venäjä-pakotteet NATO joulupukki ruoka joulupukki muotoilu luonto Puolustusyhteistyö Sibelius muuttoliikeTurvapaikanhakijat NATOluonto Katja Kettu Tove Jansson Lappi Sauna Puolustusyhteistyö PISA Perustulokokeilu Patriaavioliittolaki START-UP START-UPSoldiersreserviläiskirjeet of Odin Energia-äitiyspakkaus SOFI& OKSANEN eduskuntavaalitäitiyspakkaus Lappi Korruptoimattomuus muotoilu
  • The Finno-Soviet Conflict of 1939-1945 in November 1939 a War Broke out Between the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and Finl

    The Finno-Soviet Conflict of 1939-1945 in November 1939 a War Broke out Between the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and Finl

    the Finno-Soviet conflict of 1939-1945 In November 1939 a war broke out between the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and Finland. The causes of the conflict lay primarily in the world political situation. Germany had already began a war of conquest by invading Poland September first of the same year. Soviet Union sought to protect its borders in view of surging fascist ideas and Germany’s intents to expand. The Soviet Union had primarily wanted to solve the dispute diplomatically before the outbreak of the war. To safeguard itself, the USSR had two aims: First, to move the Finno-Russian border further away from Leningrad, giving Finland a twofold area of land further north along the border in return. Second, to stop any outside force from attacking the Soviet Union through Finnish territories. The Soviets also wanted some certain strategically important areas, including a few islands in the Gulf of Finland in order to prevent a landing to Finland or the Baltics. The suggestions put forward by the Soviet Union were discussed between the states. The Soviet Union was interested in a mutual defense treaty with Finland. The Soviets and Finland would repel an attacker together should they tread on Finland. Representatives from both countries met over half a dozen times, but in the end the offer was refused. The reasons were numerous; the leaders of the state harbored an aggressive “Greater Finnish” ideology that they had fermented within the populace all throughout 1920’s and 30’s. The idea of Greater Finland was based on the goal of incorporating northwestern parts of the Soviet Union into Finland.
  • Monitoring Implementation of the Council of Europe Recommendation to the Member States on Measures to Combat Discrimination on G

    Monitoring Implementation of the Council of Europe Recommendation to the Member States on Measures to Combat Discrimination on G

    Monitoring Implementation of the Council of Europe Recommendation to the member states on measures to combat discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation or gender identity CM/Rec(2010)5 - Transgender and intersex issues in Finland Prepared by Ave Valojää for Trasek, 2018 Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2 RECOMMENDATIONS 2 INTRODUCTION 5 Background 5 Methodology 6 KEY FINDINGS 7 IV. Right to respect for private and family life 7 V. Employment 9 VI. Education 11 VII. Health 12 X. Right to seek asylum 14 APPENDIX I: Compliance Report 16 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report is based on the gender minority specific areas of the Council of Europe Recommendation CM/Rec(2010)5 to member States on measures to combat discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation or gender identity.1 The report focuses on trans and, to some extent, intersex issues and was prepared by Trasek, a volunteer-based human rights NGO that provides counselling and practical advice to trans and intersex people seeking justice. Appendix I covers LGBTIQ issues more broadly and was compiled by Finnish LGBTIQ organisations Seta, Sateenkaariperheet and Trasek. The main priority areas explored in this report include legal gender recognition, employment and education, access to transgender-specific health services, intersex issues and issues concerning asylum seekers. The report includes recommendations for policy makers and officials to improve the rights and welfare of gender minorities living in Finland. After the first cycle of reporting implementation of CM/REC(2010)5 in 2013, a set of changes have taken place. At the level of legislation, the situation has improved for gender minorities in Finland.
  • National Growth Programme for the Transport Sector 2018–2022

    National Growth Programme for the Transport Sector 2018–2022

    National Growth Programme for the Transport Sector 2018–2022 National Growth Programme for the Transport Sector 2018–2022 MEE Guides and other publications 1/2018 ISSN 2342-7914 (printed publication) ISBN 978-952-327-317-7 ISSN 2342-7922 (electronic publication) ISBN 978-952-327-318-4 Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment Innovations and Enterprise Financing P.O. Box 32 FIN-00023 Government Publisher Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment Editors: Growth Programme workgroup Graphic design, layout and illustrations pages. 13, 27: Elvi Turtiainen Oy Printed by: Ministry of Transport and Communications 1/2018 Cover image: Shutterstock Contents Foreword 4 Abstract 6 1. Introduction, objectives and vision 9 1. 1. Introduction 9 1.2. The transport sector: objectives and vision 2030 12 2. Operating environment 15 2.1. The main forces for the change in the transport sector 15 2.2. The transport market 17 2.3. The transport system 2.0 19 3. Growth in the transport sector and the ecosystemic approach 23 3.1. The ecosystemic approach in the National Growth Programme for the Transport Sector 23 4. Roadmap 2018–2022 26 4.1. Common vision and enabling legislation as the basis for renewal process 28 4.2. Cities as a platform for lead markets 30 4.3. Digital data will be put into effective use 32 4.4. Achieving a competitive advantage through research and education 34 4.5. Broad funding base as a lever for development 36 4.6. Through experimentation and trials to the leading edge 38 4.7. Market references and scaling through public procurement 40 4.8.
  • Finlands's Natural Resources and the Environment 1998

    Finlands's Natural Resources and the Environment 1998

    : : # • • MINISTRY OFTHE ENVIRONMENT SVT Environm ent 1998:9 C ¡¡I Statistics Finland V Finlands's Natural Resources and the Environment 1998 \ \ YMPÄRISTÖMINISTERIÖ SVT Ympäristö 1998:9C * M I L J Ö M I N I S T E R I E T Miljö \ " MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT Environment ,, Tilastokeskus ¡jjjj! Statistikcentralen " Statistics Finland Finland's Natural Resources and the Environment 1998 Helsinki 1998 Inquiries: S VT Suomen virallinen tilasto Finlands officiella Statistik Jukka Hoffrén Official Statistics of Finland tel. +358 9 17341 Cover: Luontokuva-arkisto/Hannu Huttu © 1998 Statistics Finland ISSN 0784-8455 = Environment ISSN 1238-0582 ISBN 951-727-478-5 Quoting is encouraged provided that this report is acknowledged as the source. Original sources for diagrams indicated in Statistical Appendix. Helsinki 1998 Hakapaino Oy, Helsinki 1998 Foreword The extensive programme approved at the UN Development and Environment Con­ ference held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 (Agenda 21) endeavours to define broadly the measures required for implementing a policy of sustainable development. It was stated at the follow-up meeting (UNGASS) in New York in summer 1997, however, that practical implementation of the programme should be enhanced considerably in order to bring us closer to a sustainable future. The final communiqué issued by that meeting pointed to changes in production methods and consumption habits as the major challenge for sustainable development in the industrialised countries. The sparing exploitation of natural resources and "qualitative" economic growth are emerging as concrete aims in this respect, alongside restrictions on greenhouse gas emissions. The EU environmental programme defines ecologically sustainable development as one of the Union’s major objectives.
  • Pancake Day Challenge

    Pancake Day Challenge

    Pancake Day Challenge Batterman... the superhero lemon here to save Pancake Day! We know that you won’t get bored of making pancakes but just in case, Batterman is here to save the day. Get ready to flip Pancake Day on it’s head! For even more programme ideas check out our ‘Pancake Day’ board over on www.Pinterest.com/PawprintFamily #AdventureForAll www.PawprintFamily.com © Pawprint Family 2020 Hi there! We’re Charlotte & Jamie, the husband and wife team behind the Pawprint Family and we believe in #AdventureForAll. It’s our mission to help leaders, teachers and parents save time by providing ideas and opportunities to help them deliver everyday adventure and skills for life. We do this through our family of brands; find out more below and head to the website for your next adventure! Pawprint Badges provides thousands of free activity ideas and resources to help leaders, teachers and parents deliver fun and adventure. Every activity helps you share skills for life and is linked to one of our pawesome embroidered badges. Build your collection and celebrate adventures, new skills and knowledge gained. Pawprint Trails are treasure-hunt style walks around locations in the UK. Solve puzzles, track down the answers and explore everything our great country has to offer. From historical sights to popular culture discover something new or rediscover a love for where you live then collect the badge to remember your adventures! Whether you’re looking for the perfect addition to your next family holiday or a few hours of fun with friends; each trail can be completed in a few hours or extended with our activity suggestions in to a weekend or a week’s worth of fun! Pawprint Tales are fully illustrated stories that can be enjoyed by the whole family.
  • Fifth Periodical Report Presented to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe in Accordance with Article 15 of the Charter

    Fifth Periodical Report Presented to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe in Accordance with Article 15 of the Charter

    Strasbourg, 17 November 2017 MIN-LANG (2017) PR 7 EUROPEAN CHARTER FOR REGIONAL OR MINORITY LANGUAGES Fifth periodical report presented to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe in accordance with Article 15 of the Charter FINLAND THE FIFTH PERIODIC REPORT BY THE GOVERNMENT OF FINLAND ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EUROPEAN CHARTER FOR REGIONAL OR MINORITY LANGUAGES NOVEMBER 2017 2 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................................................6 PART I .................................................................................................................................................................7 1. BASIC INFORMATION ON FINNISH POPULATION AND LANGUAGES....................................................................7 1.1. Finnish population according to mother tongue..........................................................................................7 1.2. Administration of population data ..............................................................................................................9 2. SPECIAL STATUS OF THE ÅLAND ISLANDS.............................................................................................................9 3. NUMBER OF SPEAKERS OF REGIONAL OR MINORITY LANGUAGES IN FINLAND.................................................10 3.1. The numbers of persons speaking a regional or minority language..........................................................10 3.2. Swedish ......................................................................................................................................................10
  • Transnational Finnish Mobilities: Proceedings of Finnforum XI

    Transnational Finnish Mobilities: Proceedings of Finnforum XI

    Johanna Leinonen and Auvo Kostiainen (Eds.) Johanna Leinonen and Auvo Kostiainen This volume is based on a selection of papers presented at Johanna Leinonen and Auvo Kostiainen (Eds.) the conference FinnForum XI: Transnational Finnish Mobili- ties, held in Turku, Finland, in 2016. The twelve chapters dis- cuss two key issues of our time, mobility and transnational- ism, from the perspective of Finnish migration. The volume is divided into four sections. Part I, Mobile Pasts, Finland and Beyond, brings forth how Finland’s past – often imagined TRANSNATIONAL as more sedentary than today’s mobile world – was molded by various short and long-distance mobilities that occurred FINNISH MOBILITIES: both voluntarily and involuntarily. In Part II, Transnational Influences across the Atlantic, the focus is on sociocultural PROCEEDINGS OF transnationalism of Finnish migrants in the early 20th cen- tury United States. Taken together, Parts I and II show how FINNFORUM XI mobility and transnationalism are not unique features of our FINNISH MOBILITIES TRANSNATIONAL time, as scholars tend to portray them. Even before modern communication technologies and modes of transportation, migrants moved back and forth and nurtured transnational ties in various ways. Part III, Making of Contemporary Finn- ish America, examines how Finnishness is understood and maintained in North America today, focusing on the con- cepts of symbolic ethnicity and virtual villages. Part IV, Con- temporary Finnish Mobilities, centers on Finns’ present-day emigration patterns, repatriation experiences, and citizen- ship practices, illustrating how, globally speaking, Finns are privileged in their ability to be mobile and exercise transna- tionalism. Not only is the ability to move spread very uneven- ly, so is the capability to upkeep transnational connections, be they sociocultural, economic, political, or purely symbol- ic.