DOCSLIB.ORG

The Faculty of Graduate Sludles the Universfty of Manltoba

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Faculty of Graduate Sludles the Universfty of Manltoba THE UNITED PACKINGHOUSE, FOOD AND AT,T,TED TdORKEH.S¡ TTS DEVET,OPMENT, STRUCTURE, COLT,ECTIVE BARGATNING, ND F'UTURE, !,IITH PARTTCULAR REFERENCE TO CANADA A, Thesls Presented to the Faculty of Graduate SLudles The Universfty of Manltoba In Partial FuLftlLrnenÈ of, the Requl-rements for the Degree MasLer of Arts by George Sayers tsaLn May tr 96/+ ACKNO!üLEDO,IENTS I arn indebted to numerous indívíduals who have hel-ped me in Lhe preparation of this thesis " My debt Lo the members, offlcers, and staff of the U.P.Vl.A. is ínestimabi-e" Listing only Lhose who gave most generously of their time and knowledge, tr wish to thank Mr" Fred [rl" Dowling, Director of District B, for allowing me complete access to all the unionts records, for suhnítting to several- inLervíews, and for reading the entire marruscrÍ-pt; Mr. John Fryer, Research Director of Lhe trnternationatr- Union, and Mr" I-esl-ie Orear, Director of the Internatíonal Unionts Fublication Department, for answering numerolls guestÍons regarding Ehe operation of the U.P"lll"A. in Lhe United States; Mr. Joe H. lrlilford, Fíeld R.epresentative of sub-DÍsLrict ]-04, and Mr. PeLer Fox, Chairrnan of the Education and Pol-ítícal Actíon CcrmnitLee of Sub-DistrÍct 104, for enlightening me on Ëhe operaËÍon of the union in Manltoba and for reading the manuscript; and Mrs. Jean Durack, Secretary of the !üinnipeg Joínt Board, for spending countless hours I-ocating and sorting the collecËive agreenents which form the basis of ChapËer, V" In particular, I am indebted to Mr. John Lengi-et, Asslstant Director of District 8, whose contritnrEion Ëo thÍs Èhesís has been exLensive" He spent several afLernoons ans!üeríng my guestions, as well as reading Lwo successíve drafts of the manuscripL and suggesting ímprovements on lv atr-most every page. I am also gratefutr- to Mr" Terry Hercus, former Personnel- Manager of Canada Packerse St" Boniface plant, f.or reading the greaLer parL of the mant-lscript; Mr, Car1- Berger, Ph.D. student irr the DepartmenL of HísLory, UariversÍ-ty of Toronto, for reading Chapters II and III; and Miss Jeannlne Ferland and Mrs " Dena Grower for assuming ali- the responsf-- bilitÍes connecLed with the Lask of typíng the manuscript" f wl-sh to record my gratitude to the University of Manitoba fon a grant vdrich permitted rne to spend Lwo weeks fn Toronto gathering materíatr- from the fil-es of the nationatr- of f i-ce of, the u "P " I^I. A" I wÍ-sh to thank my supervísor, Professor H. Clare Fentl-and, not only for sufferi-ng through Lhe successive drafËs of the mar¡:script and f,or making numerolls valuabi-e suggestíons, but al-so for fnsplring my inLerest i-n Labour Economlcs and IndusLrial- R.el-ations " Finally, I owe a great deal- to my wífe for her paËience wtril-e Ëhis thesi-s was beíng writLen and for her assistance in stylistic matters. The help of atr-I- Lhe above vüas fnval-uable and greatl-y improved the finíshed product. For any errors wt'rich may remaín ln spíte of their efforLs, I alone am responsibl-e" George Sayers Bai-r:l TABLE OF CONTENTS CI{APTER FAGE I" INTRODUCTION ô . O O 1- TI. UNIONISM IN THE AI4ERICAN MEAT PACKING INDUSTRY 5 The Devel-opment of the Americarr Meat Packing Industryecoe.soecoòc6 Unionism ín the American Meat Packing Indus- tryPriortol-897 o o o c ô o o o Lz Unionism ín the American Meat Packi-ng Indus- tryLB9T-L9T6 c o â c o e 20 Unionísm in the American Meat Packing Indus- try19L7-L932 o ô c o o Þ o ô o. o ö 28 Unionisrn in the American Meat PackÍng Indus- tryf933-1-963 o o o e o o o o c o o c o o 35 TTI. UNIONISM IN THE CANADIAN MEAT PACKING INDUSTRY " 49 The Development of the Canadían Meat Packing Industry e o c o o o o c o o o o c c c ê 50 i Unionism in the CanadÍan MeaL Facking Indus- try 1901--L92L o o " ; ô o o e i, o o c o o o o 57 Unionism i-n the Canadian Meat Packlng Indus- Ëry i-922-1-939 o o o o ô o o o c o o o o o ð c 65 Unionism in the CanadÍan MeaE Packíng Indus- try1939-L963 c o o o c o e e o o o o o o s o 73 vl CHAPTER PAGE IV. THE STRUCTTJRE AND GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED PACKINGHOUSE, FOOD AND ALLIED T,üORKERS c 9t- The Structure of the UnÍted Packinghouse, FoodandAllíedl¡lorkers o o o o 6 o o o 9t Jurisdictiono o c o o o 91 ThelnternationalUnion o o c o o o o o oô 93 InterrnediateUnionBodies o c ô o o o ôo 95 Districts o e e c e o o o o o c ø 95 Sub-Districts o c o o ô o c o o, 98 TheLocalUnion e ô o o oo 99 Dernocracy Ïalithin the United Packinghouse, Food and All1ed ülorkers o o c o 1-03 TheJudicialSystem c o c c o c c ô o c 1-03 ConventionsandEl-ectlons c o c o o o o l_08 Internal Comrm¡nlcatl-ons o c e c o o o o 1_10 Conclusion"ooe oôôoooao LL2 The Autonomy of DistrÍct I o coecooo0 1-1_s The Autonomy of Dlstrict 8 fn Collectlve Bargainingoo.oeoc ocooeaoc 119 The Autonomy of Dístrict B in General Administrationo o e c cooooooô L24 -t"24 Financesooooocoo ooooôcgo Appointment of distrlct staffocoo L26 vii CI{APTER PAGE Trusteeship o o oocoooo " l-29 Conclusions êôooooô " L28 Consolidation of Unions in the Food and Bev- erage Industry o oooo.L29 V. FATTERN BARGAINTNG TN THE CANADIAN MEAT PACKING INDUSTRYEgOOE ôooe eeoo1,37 Introductionooooo oeóo e e 1-37 The Empirical Record o cooc o ô ø ø o o , L/+¿+ The Period 1"943-1,947 eoco eooooo"l-44 L943ooooooeoooo ococoo.L45 L944€ooooo ooôooo.1-¿r5 1945 o o o o o o c c o . o oo.ooorL46 L94'6ocoooco oooooø"L46 'i"947 o o o o o c o e c o o coccoclr4T ThePerÍodl-948-L954 c o o o ooocoo.l-47 L94B-tr_9500erooco c c o o o o . 148 1950-1-952 0 e o c c c ccooco"l-48 L952-L954 0 0 0. o. o c à e oeocoþL49 TheFerÍod1954-L964 e c o ô oocoocrL49 1"954-L956 c o e c o o c o e c o o o o o l-50 i_956-l_958 0 0 0 0 o c o o o o o o o o o " i-50 I-958-1-96000cooceo o o o o o o . 1-51- 1_960-L962 0 0 c o o o o c o o c o o o o 1-51_ vÍÍ i CHAPTER PAGE Lg62-Lg64 0 ô 1_51_ Conclusions o o L52 Meat Packíng Firms ô o L52 Non-Meat Packing Fírms eôoooo 153 The Implications of Fattern tsargaining o o 1_s4 VI. THE zuTI.JRE: AUTOMATION IN THE NORTH AMERICAN MEAT PACKING TNDUSTRY . ø O C ooecoeÒ 163 General-Surveyof Devel_opments o o o o o 163 A Case Study: Armour and Company c o o o o o 1_70 Conclusionsooêooâo 1_83 APPENDIX A. U.P.W.A. Average Monthly paid Membership Figures L942-L962 o o o o o ô c o a c o o o Ò l_88 APPENDIX ts" The Firms Included Ín the Analysis of Fattern BargaÍning in the Canadian Meat Packing Indtrstry o c o o o o o o ocooo t_89 APPENDIX C. Tabul-ar Summary of the Col-l-ective Agree- ments fn Sub-District 1_04, t-943-1,964 0 0 0 c o c c 1_94 BTBLTOGRAPHY 6 0 o o o o o, o o p e o c o o 224 CHAPTER T ÏNTRODUCTION The author of the only modern comprehensive hÍ-story of the Canadian labour movement, Professor H. A" Logan, prefaced his book by stating: The present work developed " according to the assumption that , the trade union movement of a country can be portrayed only through an exploraLion of individual unions and allied groups of uníons, taking into account their form of organLzation, their struggl-e for recognítion, their associatíon (sometimes their conflict) with each other, ancl their accomplishment through collective bargai-ning, qr.rite as much as treating with the legisla.tive activi-ties of the over-al1- Cong- resses-and other e>(pressions of the movement as a whole. I He went on to state that since the only majo-r studies under- taken to date !ìrere of Canadia-n central- labour congresses, a treatise such as his should logicali-y have waited upon ffspecíal studies devoted t-o particul-ar unions whereÍn the investigaLors wou.l-d examine the technol-ogy and economics of parti-cular industries and the whol-e social settÍng out of v¡hich develop the peculiar features of each unionts i-ife,tt2 Since such studies were not available af: the tirne of writ- Íng, the author put forwarcl hís book fully aï^rare that it was lH. A. Logan, Trade TJnions in Canada (Toronto: Mac- rní1Lan and Company, 1y4'B-tr; p" v" 2rui¿. 2 rlonly a comprornise with true researchrt and hoped that aÈ least i-t would acL as t'background and guicle for studíes of parttcular unions in the years ahead.tt3 In the fifteen years which have passed since Professor Loganrs book was publ-ished, and in spite of its publicatíon, very few studies of indivídual- Canadian unions have been undertaken.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Labor Practices in the Meat Packing and Poultry Processing Industry: an Overview
    Order Code RL33002 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Labor Practices in the Meat Packing and Poultry Processing Industry: An Overview Updated October 27, 2006 William G. Whittaker Specialist in Labor Economics Domestic Social Policy Division Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress Labor Practices in the Meat Packing and Poultry Processing Industry: An Overview Summary During the early 1960s, segments of the meat packing industry began to move from large urban centers to small communities scattered throughout the Midwest. By century’s end, this migration had effected major changes within the industry. The old packing firms that had established their dominance during the late 1800s had largely disappeared or been restructured as part of a new breed of packers. Joining with the poultry processors who had emerged in the wake of World War II, they quickly became a major force in American and, later, global industry. The urban-to-rural migration, some suggest, had at least two major motivations. One was to locate packing facilities in areas where animals were raised rather than transporting the stock to urban packinghouses as had been the tradition: a more economical arrangement. The other was a quest for lower labor costs: to leave behind the urban unions and their collective bargaining agreements and to operate, as nearly as possible, in a union-free environment. This initiative involved a low- wage strategy, allowing for employment of lower skilled and low-wage workers. The aftermath of this migration was complex. The urban unionized workforce, by and large, did not follow the migrating plants.
    [Show full text]
  • Labor Practices in the Meat Packing and Poultry Processing Industry: an Overview
    Order Code RL33002 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Labor Practices in the Meat Packing and Poultry Processing Industry: An Overview July 20, 2005 William G. Whittaker Specialist in Labor Economics Domestic Social Policy Division Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress Labor Practices in the Meat Packing and Poultry Processing Industry: An Overview Summary During the early 1960s, segments of the meat packing industry began to move from large urban centers to small communities scattered throughout the Mid-West. By century’s end, some suggest, this migration had effected major changes within the industry. The old packing firms that had established their dominance during the late 1800s had largely disappeared or been restructured as part of a new breed of packers. Joining with the poultry processors who had emerged in the wake of World War II, they quickly became a major force in American and, later, global industry. The urban-to-rural migration, some suggest, had at least two major motivations. One was to locate packing facilities in areas where animals were raised rather than transporting the stock to urban packinghouses as had been the tradition: a more economical arrangement. The other was a quest for lower labor costs: to leave behind the urban unions and their collective bargaining agreements and to operate, as nearly as possible, in a union-free environment. This initiative involved a low- wage strategy, allowing for employment of lower skilled and low-wage workers. The aftermath of this migration was complex. The urban unionized workforce, by and large, did not follow the migrating plants.
    [Show full text]
  • Canada's Cold War in Fur Joan Sangster—Trent University
    Left History 13_2FinalTextQuark 3/20/09 1:44 PM Page 10 Canada’s Cold War in Fur Joan Sangster—Trent University Intense battles within the trade union movement over ideology and strategy are an integral part of Canadian working-class history throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Those debates were often intertwined with the history of the left, a fractious category that included divergent groups of revolutionaries and reformists, social democrats, and communists, who might disagree vehemently with each other, while embracing a similar conviction that leftists should be involved in the labour movement. Undoubtedly, the most dramatic instance of intra-left struggle within the trade union movement occurred during the Cold War, as social democrats and their allies led a largely successful campaign to remove known and suspected communists—and the unions they led—from trade union centrals like the Trades and Labour Congress (TLC) and the Canadian Congress of Labour (CCL). The intense Cold War battles fought roughly between 1946 and 1956, however, had deep roots in the interwar period, and they also had repercus- sions for labour long after ‘communist’ unions had been expelled form the TLC and CCL. This article explores one as yet undocumented Cold War battle fought within the Canadian International Fur and Leather Workers Union (IFLWU), with a particular focus on the Toronto labour scene. Canada’s Cold War in fur was shaped by international union politics, fierce ideological differences, state policies on both sides of the 49th
    [Show full text]
  • Winnipeg Meat Packing Workers' Path to Union Recognition and Collective Bargaining
    Winnipeg Meat Packing Workers' Path to Union Recognition and Collective Bargaining BY JOHN HANLEY GROVER A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate studies in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS Department of History University of Winnipeg Winnipeg, Manitoba (c) July, 1996 THE UNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA FACULTY OF GRADUATE...... STUDIES MASTER'S THESIS/PRACTICUM FINAL REPORT The unde.rsigned certify that they have read the Master's Thesis/Practicum entitled: Wjnnipeg Meat packjng Workers' Path to Union Recognition and Collective Bargaining submitted by John Danley Graver in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts The Thesis/Practicum Examining Committee certifies that the thesis/practicum (and oral examination if required) is: ~ ID Thesis Advisor: 0 Practicum U of Wpg. Date: August 22, 1996 (lorms\theteptm • 08/95) THE UNIVERSITY OF i\.lANITOBA FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES COPYRIGHT PERMISSION PATH TO UllIOR U:COGRITIOlf AND COLLECTIVE BAllGADIIIIG BY A Thesis/Practicum submitted to the Faculty or Graduate Studies or the Ualversity of Manitoba in partial fulfillment orthe requirements for the degree or HA.STER OF AJl.'lS John Hanley Grover e 1996 Permission bas been granted to the LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF i\<lANlTOBA to lend or sell copies oftbis thesis/practicum, to the NATIONAL LIBRARY OF CANADA to mlcrofllm this thesis/practicum and to lent! or sell copies ortbe film, and to UNIVERSITY :i.IICROFILMS INC. to publish an abstract or this thesis/practicum .• This reproduction or copy of this thesis bas been made available by authority or tbe copyright owner solely for the purpose or private study and research, and may only be reproduced and copied as permitted by copyright laws or with express written authorization from the copyright owner.
    [Show full text]
  • Milestones in Labor History --December-- 3 4 5 8 9 12 13 24
    Milestones in Labor History --December-- 3 1866 - Textile strikers in Fall River, Massachusetts win 10-hour day. 4 1906 - National Federation of Postal Clerks (NFPOC) chartered by the American Federation of Labor. Locals chartered establishing official birth of NFPC: Chicago, Louisville, Milwaukee, Muskogee, Oklahoma, Nashville, Salt Lake City, San Francisco. 5 1955 - Merger of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) and the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), forming the AFL-CIO. The merger ended a 20-year split in the American labor movement growing out of differences over the form trade union organizations should take. The merger recognized that both craft and industrial unions are appropriate, equal, and necessary as methods of union organization. 8 1886 - American Federation of Labor (AFL) organized in Columbus, Ohio by twenty-five craft unions. 9 1869 - Knights of Labor founded. The Knights broadened the labor movement beyond a few skilled trades and reached out to all working men and women. Its goals of equal pay for equal work, abolishing child labor, and the eight-hour day provided a rallying cry for all workers. 12 1898 - Accident Benefit Association (ABA) established. 13 1924 - Death of Samuel Gompers, president and founder of American Federation of Labor. One of the labor leader's most famous remarks, in response to the question, "What does labor want?" was: "We want more schoolhouses and less jails, more books and less arsenals, more learning and less vice, more constant work and less crime, more leisure and less greed, more justice and less revenge." 24 1888 - Retail Clerks National Protective Association chartered (RCNPA) by the American Federation of Labor.
    [Show full text]
  • Directory of Labor Unions in the United States, 1953
    Directory of Labor Unions in the United States 1953 National and International Unions State Labor Organizations Bulletin No. 1127 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Martin P. Durkin, S ecreta ry BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis William Green, 1870-1952, president Philip Murray, 1886-1952, president George Meany, elected president Waiter P. Reuther elected presi­ American Federation of Labor, Congress of Industrial Organiza­ American Federation of Labor, dent Congress of Industrial Organi­ 1924-52 tions. 1940-52 November 25, 1952 zations. December 4 1952 This picture was taken during the meeting of the United Labor Policy Committee in Washington, D. C„ in March 1951 Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Directory of Labor Unions in the United States 1953 National and International Unions State Labor Organizations Bulletin No. 1127 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Martin P. Durkin, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U, S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C. Price 35 cents Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Letter of Transmittal U nited S tates Department of Labor, B ureau of Labor S tatistics, WashingtonrD. C., March 81, 1968. The S ecretary of Labor : I have the honor to transmit herewith the Bureau’s 1953 Directory of Labor Unions in the United States, which was prepared in response to the many requests for up-to-date information about labor organizations in this country.
    [Show full text]
  • UCLA Ufahamu: a Journal of African Studies
    UCLA Ufahamu: A Journal of African Studies Title From White Kitchens to White Factories: The Impact of World War I on African-American Working Women in Chicago Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/44s8s0sc Journal Ufahamu: A Journal of African Studies, 14(3) ISSN 0041-5715 Author Taylor, Ula Yvette Publication Date 1985 DOI 10.5070/F7143017017 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California FROM WHITE KITCHENS TO WHITE FACTORIES: The Impact of World War I on African-American Working Women in Chicago by Ula Yvette Taylor Introduction While historians and diplomats kept their eyes on Europe during "the war to end all wars", the struggle against the Axis powers was the furthest thing from the minds of African-American working class women. These women may not have heard the thunderous explosions of German mortar, or suffered the effects of mustard gas, but World War I brought irreversible changes to their lives. As Europe underwent massive destruction, American capital witnessed a process of unprecedented industrial growth. And these Black women did not need to be economists to explain the changes taking place in the structure of American capitalism. On the domestic front the "Great Imperialist War" simply meant this: Capital demanded more labour to sustain and expand production; Black housekeepers wanted out of the White folks kitchen; and Black Southerners wanted to escape the hell fires of Dixie. Maurine Greenwald in her seminal study, Women, War and Work: The Impact of World War I on Women Workers in the United States (Westport, 1980) attempts to assess the impact of war-time industrialization on America's female proletariat.
    [Show full text]
  • Chronology of Minnesota Workers and Their Organizations
    Chronology of Minnesota workers and their organizations Last ice age: People first come to Minnesota, following herds of large game as the glaciers melted. Late 1600s: French fur traders arrive in Minnesota. They find long-established communities of Dakota people. 1800s 1820s: Fort Snelling is constructed. In the next decades, large numbers of immigrants come to Minnesota. In 1838, St. Paul (originally called Pig’s Eye) is settled. The land where Minneapolis stands, once part of the Fort Snelling reserve, is opened to settlement in 1855. Duluth is incorporated in 1857. 1830s: Dred Scott works as a slave at Minnesota’s Fort Snelling, property of the fort’s surgeon, Dr. John Emerson. At Fort Snelling, Scott meets and marries Harriet Robinson, also a slave, and they have two children. In 1846, the Scotts turn to the courts to gain their freedom, citing their years of residence in free states. For the next 10 years, the case moves from court to court. In an infamous decision, the U.S. Supreme Court rules that as a slave, Scott is not a U.S. citizen, not entitled to sue for freedom in federal court, has never been free, and has to remain a slave. 1845: Half a million Irish emigrate to Minnesota and other states when the potato famine ravages their homeland. 1848: War breaks out between Mexico and the United States after the U.S. takes all or parts of Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada and Utah. Mexicans in those areas lose their citizenship rights. 1849: The Minnesota Territory, including the state’s current boundaries and parts of the Dakotas, is formed.
    [Show full text]
  • Collective Bargaining in the Meat-Packing Industry : Bulletin Of
    /' - 1 Collective Bargaining r — \ ~1 - \ / ' M ' r , ' v ' 7 7 ' \ - \ 'i / v V,- ^ - , i \ ' ^ / 7 7 \ I v / / X / s / \ ""7 1 ^ I \ \ \ \ - I / \ — ~ \ J \ " ■— . \ / \ '7tC> J /v 7 - 1 ^ \ o - / 1 - ^ v /: -1 7. m \ w ~ ~N^-V 7 7 7 7 i ;7 7 7 ' / • ^ I " \ ^ ' * C I x ' 7 X / \ / / 1 N ^ I \y -7 ^ CL'i.\7.~ \7n/ V c T7" V ''7 VN7 \ / - 7 7 7 '■ ' 7/' 7 V - —/ \ 7 7X ° Bulletin No: 1063 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Maurice J. Tobin - Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague - Commissioner Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Collective Bargaining in the Meat-Packing Industry Bulletin No. 1063 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR M au rice J . To bin , S ec r e ta r y BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS E wan Cla g ue, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C. Price 30 cents Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis ii Letter of Transmittal UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOB, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, D. C., February 27, 1952. The Secretary of Labor: I have the honor to transmit herewith a report on labor-manage­ ment agreement provisions and practices in the meat-packing industry which is based primarily upon an analysis of fifty agreements nego­ tiated by unions and employers in the industry. This report was prepared in the Bureau's Division of Wages and Industrial Eelations, by and under the direction of Anna Bercowitz, and by William S.
    [Show full text]
  • 1918-12-13, [P ]
    ^4aX«*<* -,-M, i*’ 4^ £LJl^ ^r v^nniffwffT^ . v •.;■■. CTO .*-^w.^--T;;«TF.TW,r-.;-«!W «»•: ’ ' -If *' ’ 5’‘\>*WV«^CT^»SF^WWWWr^Krr... •■t*f *X "♦(« i / . ' " 'S ^£>$5 Official Organ of Organized Labor DO YOUR CHRISTMAS SHOPPING EARLY LOCAL VOICE OF THE AMERICAN ;. GXuJj FEDERATION OF LABOR AND MAKE IT A PATRIOTIC Subscription price, $1.00 per year CHRISTMAS ^Single copies 5 cents INVEST IN THRIFT STAMPS BUY WAR SAVINGS STAMPS L J ••> VOL. II NEWARK, OHIO, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 13, 1018 No. 4 President is In Doubt POMERENESAYS NO NOT SATISFACTORY After-War Problems Basil M, Manly Victory Jub’dce Are Mainly Economic On future R. R. Plun ------- ■ . •• < t & GOVERNMENT AGE PENSIONS A LIFE SENTENCE DOES NOT THE WORKER’S FREEDOM MUST MEET OPPOSITION AFFECT ISSUE JOINT CHAIRMAN OF NATIONAL Washington—In his address to con­ Washington. — In announcing his WAR LABOR BOARD BE OBTAINED proposed visit to Europe at a joint gress on his visit to Europe, President Wilson indicated that our reconstruc­ meeting of the senate and house, Civil Service Retirement Opposed in The Commutation of Mooney’s Death President Wilson, discussing the ques­ tion problems are more of an econo­ Senate and Bill Defeated Sentence Does Not Meet Says Pres. Samuel Gompers at Recent tion of what to do with the railroads mic nature than legislative, and that President Appoints the Man Selected By 31 to 26 Vote Labor’s Approval now under government control, said: while legislative action may be ne­ By Labor Representatives to Victory Celebration Held “I have no confident judgment of cessary in some cases, the general welfare would be served best by per­ Walsh’s Position In New York City my own,” and “1 frankly turn to you Washington.
    [Show full text]
  • Meatpackers Strike of 1948
    1948 Meatpackers Strike by William Lanoue Many were home from war and wanted more than ever to live a long full life. Others had worked long days and nights dur - ing the war to feed the Surveillance photos taken from the Exchange Building show the National Guard troops overseas as well as gathered at the center of Concord Street at the height of the 1948 meatpackers Americans on the home strike. DCHS Collections. front. Some had migrated to the cities from farms and small towns looking for Setting the Stage work. They were raising children and trying to hold bur - Less than three years after the defeat of Nazi geoning families together in the face of a housing short - Germany and Japan, America was already a far different age, fears of inflation and the increasing drumbeat warn - place. Through all but the last few months of the war ing of a new foreign enemy with sympathizers and President Franklin D. Roosevelt had led the United agents in our midst. There were those who wanted States. In fact he was the only president many higher wages now, others more concerned with pen - Americans had ever known. Roosevelt had been elected sions and health care benefits, and still others dedicat - to an unprecedented fourth term in November 1944 with ed to achieving social and political change, sometimes a little known former haberdasher from Missouri on the of radical proportions. ticket. It is hard to argue that Harry S Truman added They lived in Chicago, Kansas City, Omaha -- and much to the campaign, but in April 1945 the former South St.
    [Show full text]
  • Was Born in Buffalo, NY, and Moved to Boston in 1868, Where He Worked
    1 Abrahams, Henry (1855-1923), was born in Buffalo, N.Y., and moved to Boston in 1868, where he worked for a dry-goods merchant. At eighteen he became a cigarmaker, and in 1879 he served as secretary of Cigar Makers' International Union of America 70 of Cambridgeport, Mass. He later served as secretary of Cigar Makers' local 97 of Boston (1885, 1892-1923). In 1878 he helped found the Boston Workingmen's Central Union (later renamed the Boston Central Trades and Labor Union), and he served as its secretary from 1901 until his death. He served as a delegate from District Assembly 30 to the KOL General Assembly in 1886 and was president of the Massachusetts State Branch of the AFL from 1889 to 1890. Adams, Emmet L. (1870?-1933), a member of International Association of Machinists 174 of Washington, D.C., served as a salaried AFL organizer from 1921 through at least 1924. Addams, Jane (1860-1935), the founder of Hull-House in Chicago in 1889, was an advocate of a wide variety of social and labor reforms. She was a founder of the National Child Labor Committee (1904) and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (1909), president of the National Conference of Charities and Correction (1909), vice-president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association (1911-14), and president of the National Federation of Settlements (1911-35). Devoted to the cause of peace, she helped organize and was elected chair of the Woman's Peace party in January 1915 and in April of that year was made president of the International Congress of Women at The Hague.
    [Show full text]