Site name Charlton Park Academy Charlton Park Road, Charlton Heritage Statement Royal Borough of Greenwich January 2019 Built Heritage Consultancy Charlton Park Academy Charlton Park Road, Charlton Heritage Statement Royal Borough of Greenwich January 2019 Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction 1 2.0 Identification of Heritage Assets to Assess 2 3.0 History of Locality: Charlton 4 4.0 Site Map Regression 10 5.0 Assessment of Significance 12 6.0 Scheme Overview and Assessment of Heritage Impacts 24 7.0 Policy Assessment and Conclusions 29 Appendices: Appendix 1: Bibliography 31 Appendices: Appendix 2: Historic England List Entries 32 Appendices: Appendix 3: Legislation, Policy and Guidance 33 © Built Heritage Consultancy 2019 This report is for the sole use of the person/organisation to whom it is addressed. It may not be used or referred to in whole or in part by anyone else without the express agreement of the Built Heritage Consultancy. The Built Heritage Consultancy does not accept liability for any loss or damage arising from any unauthorised use of this report. The Built Heritage Consultancy Limited is registered in England, number 7314300. Registered office: 5 The Chambers, Vineyard, Abingdon, OX14 3PX. 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Instruction This Heritage Statement has been produced by Built Heritage Consultancy to accompany a planning application for Charlton Park Academy, Charlton Park Road, Charlton London SE7 (the ‘Site’), for demolition of some modern school buildings to enable the development of a new school building and a garden. This Heritage Statement will assess the significance of any on-site heritage assets and any in the surrounding area that might potentially be affected by the demolition and new building proposals. 1.2. Background The replacement of the present buildings on the west side of the site has been developed with the client Charlton Park Academy together with the Educational and Skills Funding Agency of DfE, and the project team including AECOM, McIlwaine, Farrans, and WGI Architects and Maddox Planning Consultants. There have been some pre-application discussions with the Royal Borough of Greenwich. The site is within the Charlton Village Conservation Area and the north boundary wall onto Charlton Park Road is the east end of the Grade II listed wall of Charlton Park, dating from the 17th century and remarked on as ‘much the greater part is C17 wall. Charlton House is a Grade I listed mansion built in 1620 which is sited 500m to the west-south-west but its park is not designated as an historic park. 1.3. Application Proposals The proposals are for the demolition of the existing single storey classrooms and temporary school buildings on the west side of the site and the erection of a new two storey school building of a smaller footprint on the north half, with a garden on the south half. 1.4. Structure of Report Section 2 sets out the identified heritage assets to assess as part of this Heritage Statement. Section 3 sets out the history of the locality. Section 4 sets out a map regression of the Site. Section 5 sets out the assessment of significance of the identified heritage assets. Section 6 provides an overview of the scheme proposals and an assessment of the potential heritage impacts. Section 7 sets out the summary and conclusions of this Heritage Statement. The Appendices include any relevant Historic England list entries, a summary of any relevant legislation, policy and guidance relevant to the historic environment and a Bibliography for this Heritage Statement. Built Heritage Charlton Park Academy, Charlton – Heritage Statement Consultancy 1 2.0 Identification of Heritage Assets to Assess 2.1 Paragraph 189 of NPPF Paragraph 189 of the NPPF states: “In determining applications, local planning authorities should require an applicant to describe the significance of any heritage assets affected, including any contribution made by their setting. The level of detail should be proportionate to the assets’ importance and no more than is sufficient to understand the potential impact of the proposal on their significance….” 2.2 Identified Heritage Assets The heritage assets that could potentially be affected by the subject proposals are outlined below. The numbering used below correlates with the Heritage Plot Plan shown at Figure 2.1 below to aid the reader to locate the heritage assets: 2.2.1 Designated Heritage Assets Listed Buildings The Site lies in the setting of the following listed buildings (marked on the map below): 1. Wall of Charlton Park, Charlton Park Road (Grade II listed); 2. Charlton House (Grade I listed); The relevant Historic England list entries are attached at Appendix 2. Conservation Area(s) The Site lies within the Charlton Village Conservation Area. 2.2.2 Non-Designated Heritage Assets There are no non-designated heritage assets on site, nor would the scheme affect the setting of any non-designated heritage assets. The scheme’s impact on the existing 1967 school, and Charlton Park, is evaluated under the assessment of the conservation area within which they are located. 2.3 Scoped Out Heritage Assets Outside the Site’s boundary and within the identified surrounding area of the Site, are numerous heritage assets of varying significance and designations. Having borne in mind Historic England’s Historic Environment Good Practice Advice in Planning Note 3—The Setting of Heritage Assets (2017), the heritage asset listed below is considered sufficiently well concealed from potential visual, traffic, emissions and noise impacts by existing topography, street pattern, built form and or dense foliage that it is unlikely to experience any effects to its heritage significance (whether visual, experiential or other) as a result of the proposed scheme. The following heritage asset has therefore been scoped out from our Heritage Statement: • The Assembly Rooms, Charlton (Grade II listed) Built Heritage Charlton Park Academy, Charlton – Heritage Statement Consultancy 2 4 2 1 3 5 Figure 2.1: Site location map showing heritage assets and other features near the Site, with the approximate Site boundary marked in blue, and conservation area boundary in red. © Crown Copyright. Ordnance Survey 100024900 The school site is marked as 1 with a blue boundary. The park boundary wall (Grade II), in green and marked 2, forms the site’s north boundary was well as running west to the corner of the park. Charlton House (Grade I) is marked 3. The Assembly Rooms (Grade II) are marked 4, and the non-designated Charlton House Gardens and Charlton Park are marked 5, with the north-south path running between them and the ha-ha parallel and to the west marking the east extent of the formal gardens near the house. The red boundary is the Charlton Village Conservation Area which is all the map area to the south of it. Built Heritage Charlton Park Academy, Charlton – Heritage Statement Consultancy 3 3.0 History of Locality: Charlton 3.1 Introduction Charlton Village is situated mid-way between Greenwich and Woolwich and, until the 19th century, was part of rural Kent. The old village stood on top of the Thames escarpment, where the high ground of the Blackheath plateau dropped away towards the riverside in a series of narrow wooded combes. The high street (known as The Village) and Charlton Park Road follow the line of the escarpment, with large areas of green space (Charlton Park, Hornfair Park, Charlton Cemetery) remaining on the plateau to the south and east, while the streets to the north (Charlton Lane, Fairfield Grove, Charlton Church Lane) descend steeply towards the Thames-side industrial riverside known as New Charlton, and in more recently as Charlton Riverside. 3.2 History The area has been settled at least since the early Roman period. The name Charlton is of Saxon origin, compounded of ceorl (=churl), referring to a small peasant farmer, and tūn, a settlement or farmstead. After 1066 the manor of Charlton was granted by William I to his half-brother Odo, Bishop of Bayeux, passing into the ownership of Bermondsey Abbey in 1093. The first record of a church at Charlton comes in 1077, while the Domesday survey of 1086 records a medium-sized village. The medieval parish of Charlton, part of the ancient hundred of Blackheath in the county of Kent, stretched all the way from Woolwich Common in the east to what is now Blackheath Village in the west. Market rights were granted by Henry III in 1268, as well as an annual fair. 3.3 16th to 18th Centuries The manor, having reverted to the Crown at the Reformation, was acquired in 1606 by Sir Adam Newton, tutor and secretary to the Prince of Wales. Newton was responsible for building the present Charlton House – the finest Jacobean mansion now surviving in London – between 1607 and 1612. The provisions of Newton’s will also allowed for the rebuilding of St Luke’s Church in 1630-40. Other buildings remaining from this period include the stables, park wall and garden house. The latter is a very early example of English Palladianism, without written evidence attributed to Inigo Jones. After Newton's death in 1630 the estate passed to his son and later owners included John Jones; Sir William Ducie who repaired the house in 1659; Sir William Langthorne, an East India merchant, lived there from 1680. A map of 1746 shows the property's landscape with three avenues laid out from west to east in the park and a sequence of parterres by the house with the north edge of the estate was bounded by the road south of Hanging Wood that then ran around the east end of the park. The Reynolds Plan of 1784 (see page 14) shows the formally laid out gardens removed exception for the walled gardens close to the house and the one area with the Mulberry trees to the north of the house.