DOCSLIB.ORG

Development of Microsatellite Markers for Croomia Japonica and Cross

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Development of Microsatellite Markers for Croomia Japonica and Cross Scientia Horticulturae 161 (2013) 228–232 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Scientia Horticulturae journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/scihorti Development of microsatellite markers for Croomia japonica and cross-amplification in its congener a a,1 b c d a,∗ Ming Fang , Chen-Xi Fu , Cheng-Xin Fu , You-Lin Zhu , Akiyo Naiki , En-Xiang Li a Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China b Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China c Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Gene Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China d Laboratory of Botany, Graduate School of Education (Science), Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Croomia is a small monocotyledonous genus with eastern Asian–eastern North American floristic disjunc- Received 4 January 2013 tion. The Croomia species are endangered and in urgent need of conservation. In this study, we report Received in revised form 11 July 2013 the development and characterization of 11 polymorphic compound microsatellite markers from Croo- Accepted 12 July 2013 mia japonica. Moreover, transferability and polymorphism of these primers was tested across Croomia heterosepala and Croomia pauciflora. All of them were transferable and polymorphic in these species. The Keywords: number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 14 (mean: 7.7), 2 to 20 (mean: 7.3) and 2 to 16 (mean: 8.2), Croomia while the observed (and expected) heterozygosities ranged from 0.053 to 1.000 (0.053–0.918), 0.000 Genetic diversity Transferability to 1.000 (0.656–0.945) and 0.190 to 0.905 (0.251–0.937) in populations of C. japonica, C. heterosepala and C. pauciflora, respectively. Most loci in the Croomia populations deviated significantly from the HWE expectations. Significant heterozygosity deficiency was found but no bottleneck was detected in Croomia. These polymorphic markers will be useful tool to study the genetic diversity and the population genetic structure, evolution of Croomia species and for establishment of effective conservation strategies. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction systematic relationship among these Croomia species needed to be studied. In our previous study, inter-simple sequence repeat Croomia Torr. is a genus of a small monocotyledonous family (ISSR) markers and chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) haplotypes were Stemonaceae (APGIII, 2009). The genus Croomia comprises three used to study the genetic diversity and phylogeography of two species with biogeographically interesting distribution patterns: Asian species (Li et al., 2008). As dominant markers may cause Croomia pauciflora (Nut.) Tor. is distributed in Southeast of North biases in the estimates of genetic diversity and genetic differentia- America and the other two species, Croomia japonica Miq. and Croo- tion (Nybom, 2004) and cpDNA sequences usually cannot provide mia heterosepala (Bak.) Oku., are in East Asia (Rogers, 1982; Ji and enough polymorphic loci for analyzing, other polymorphic codom- Duyfjes, 2000). The two Asian species have adjacently distribution inant markers are required to study the genetic structure and in South Japan, and C. japonica also distribution on adjacent Asiatic evolution in Croomia. Owing to high level of polymorphism and mainland in East China. Nowadays, all the three species of Croomia codominant inheritance, microsatellites (SSR) are very suitable to are surviving in small range size and with small number of popula- assess population genetic diversity and gene flow (Liu et al., 2009). tions, so they are treated as “endangered” or “threatened” (Patrick In order to obtain sufficient working SSR primers pairs, a variety et al., 1995; Estill and Cruzan, 2001; Wang and Xie, 2004). With of methods for SSR isolation have been developed (Squirrell et al., elegant figure, Croomia species are capable to be cultivated as pre- 2003). Compound SSR primers have proved to be valuable tools cious ornamentals. Based on slight difference, two new species of genetic studies (Hayden et al., 2004), because they can be used Croomia were published (Kadota and Saito, 2010). Therefore, the for different markers anchored by the same type of compound repeat sequence (Lian et al., 2006). An approach for developing compound microsatellite markers, with substantial time and cost savings, was introduced (Lian et al., 2006). This method is increas- ∗ Corresponding author. Present address: College of Life Sciences and Food Engi- ingly used in studying population genetics (Inoue et al., 2012). Here, neering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China. we characterize 11 new compound microsatellite markers for Croo- E-mail addresses: [email protected], [email protected] (E.-X. Li). 1 mia species. Contributed equally to this work. 0304-4238/$ – see front matter © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2013.07.014 M. Fang et al. / Scientia Horticulturae 161 (2013) 228–232 229 Table 1 Location and sampling size of Croomia populations in this study. Population code Location Latitude, longitude, altitude (m) Sample size C. japonica ◦ ◦ JFL Fuliang County, Jingdezhen, China 29 36 11 N, 117 39 04 E, 650 20 ◦ ◦ JTO Tosashimizu, Japan 32 52 04 N, 132 58 59 E, 30 19 C. heterosepala ◦ ◦ HZJ Numakubo Town, Fujinomiya, Japan 35 11 62 N, 138 35 10 E, 200 24 ◦ ◦ HNB Nanbu Town, Fujinomiya, Japan 35 11 01 N, 138 27 58 E, 600 24 C. pauciflora ◦ ◦ PLO Lowndes County, Alabama, American 32 03 47 N, 86 44 11 W, 83 20 ◦ ◦ PHE Henry County, AL, USA 31 37 35 N, 85 12 56 W, 105 21 2. Materials and methods Gorley, 2001). The primer pairs of specific primer (IP1) and com- pound SSR primer were used as a compound SSR marker (Table 2). 2.1. Plant materials To obtain accurate data, the compound SSR primer (AC)6(AG)5, (TC)6(AC)5 or (GT)6(TC)5 was labeled with a fluorescent dye (6- One hundred and twenty eight individuals from 6 Croomia popu- FAM, HEX or TAMARA). Thirty individuals from six populations lations (Table 1), including two C. japonica populations (JFL and (five individuals per population) were used in the initial screen of JTO), two C. heterosepala populations (HZJ and HNB) and two C. the 126 primers. Polymerase chain reactions were performed in pauciflora populations (PLO and PHE), were used to evaluate lev- 15 ␮l of reaction mixture containing 40 ng of genomic DNA, 1U of els of polymorphism to examine the effectiveness of the designed Taq polymerase (Takara, Dalian, Liaoning, China), 1.5 ␮l of 10 × PCR primer pairs. Silica-dried samples of leaf material were placed in buffer, 0.8 ␮l of dNTPs (2.5 mM each), and 0.5 ␮l of each IP1 (10 ␮M) ◦ − zip-lock plastic bags and stored at 76 C. and a compound SSR primer (AC)6(AG)5, (TC)6(AC)5 or (GT)6(TC)5. The PCR amplification conditions were as follows: initial dena- ◦ ◦ turation at 95 C for 5 min; 35 cycles of 30 s at 94 C, 30 s at the 2.2. Development of microsatellite markers optimized annealing temperature (Table 2), 45 s of elongation at ◦ ◦ 72 C, ending with a 10-min extension at 72 C. Fragment analysis Total genomic DNA was extracted from silica-gel dried leaf was performed on the MegaBACE1000 autosequencer (GE Health- material using the CTAB (Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide) care Biosciences, Pittsburgh, PA, USA), and the data were scored method (Doyle, 1991). The compound microsatellite marker and compiled using Genetic Profiler version 2.2 (GE Healthcare technique based on a dual-suppression-PCR method (Lian Biosciences). et al., 2006) was used for developing microsatellite markers in this study. First, an adaptor-ligated DNA library was con- 2.3. Data analysis structed according to the protocol of Lian et al. (2001). Then genomic DNA (ca.1000 ng) from C. japonica digested with HaeIII The number of alleles (Na), observed (Ho) and expected restriction enzyme (Takara Biotechnology Co., Dalian, Liao- (He) heterozygosities, linkage disequilibrium (LD), and deviations ning, China). The restricted fragments were then ligated with a from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) were analyzed using specific blunt unequal-length adaptor (consisting of a 48-mer: 5 - GTAATACGACTCACTATAGGGCACGCGTGGTCGACGGCCCGGGCTG- GENEPOP version 4.0.7 (Rousset, 2008). CERVUS version 3.0.3 (Kalinowski et al., 2007) was employed to calculate the value of GT-3 and an 8-mer the 3 -end capped by an amino residue: polymorphic information content (PIC). An UPGMA (unweighted 5 -ACCAGCCC-NH2-3 ) by use of a DNA Ligation Kit (Takara pair group method with arithmetic mean) tree was constructed Biotechnology Co.). Subsequently, the fragments were ampli- with Poptree2 (Takezaki et al., 2010) software. Bootstrap resam- fied from the HaeIII DNA library using compound SSR primers pling (n = 1000) was performed to test dendrogram robustness. The (AC)6(AG)5, (TC)6(AC)5 or (GT)6(TC)5 and an adaptor primer AP2 Cornuet and Luikart (1996) program BOTTLENECK v1.2.02 was used (5 -CTATAGGGCACGCGTGGT-3 ). Polymerase chain reactions were to detect the bottleneck hypothesis. performed in a 50 ␮l reaction mixture containing 1 ␮l of the ligated products, 1.5U of Taq polymerase (TaKaRa Biotechnology Co.), 5 ␮l of 10 × PCR buffer with MgCl2, 5 ␮l of dNTPs (2.5 mM 3. Results each), 0.5 ␮l of compound SSR primer (10 ␮M) and AP2 primer (10 ␮M) for each. PCR amplification conditions were as follows: 1 A total of 126 primer pairs were designed from microsatellite ◦ ◦ ◦ cycle of 9 min at 94 C, 30 s at 62 C and 1 min at 72 C; 5 cycles of sequences isolated from the microsatellite-enriched libraries.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Guide to the Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, and Georgia, Working Draft of 17 March 2004 -- LILIACEAE
    Guide to the Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, and Georgia, Working Draft of 17 March 2004 -- LILIACEAE LILIACEAE de Jussieu 1789 (Lily Family) (also see AGAVACEAE, ALLIACEAE, ALSTROEMERIACEAE, AMARYLLIDACEAE, ASPARAGACEAE, COLCHICACEAE, HEMEROCALLIDACEAE, HOSTACEAE, HYACINTHACEAE, HYPOXIDACEAE, MELANTHIACEAE, NARTHECIACEAE, RUSCACEAE, SMILACACEAE, THEMIDACEAE, TOFIELDIACEAE) As here interpreted narrowly, the Liliaceae constitutes about 11 genera and 550 species, of the Northern Hemisphere. There has been much recent investigation and re-interpretation of evidence regarding the upper-level taxonomy of the Liliales, with strong suggestions that the broad Liliaceae recognized by Cronquist (1981) is artificial and polyphyletic. Cronquist (1993) himself concurs, at least to a degree: "we still await a comprehensive reorganization of the lilies into several families more comparable to other recognized families of angiosperms." Dahlgren & Clifford (1982) and Dahlgren, Clifford, & Yeo (1985) synthesized an early phase in the modern revolution of monocot taxonomy. Since then, additional research, especially molecular (Duvall et al. 1993, Chase et al. 1993, Bogler & Simpson 1995, and many others), has strongly validated the general lines (and many details) of Dahlgren's arrangement. The most recent synthesis (Kubitzki 1998a) is followed as the basis for familial and generic taxonomy of the lilies and their relatives (see summary below). References: Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (1998, 2003); Tamura in Kubitzki (1998a). Our “liliaceous” genera (members of orders placed in the Lilianae) are therefore divided as shown below, largely following Kubitzki (1998a) and some more recent molecular analyses. ALISMATALES TOFIELDIACEAE: Pleea, Tofieldia. LILIALES ALSTROEMERIACEAE: Alstroemeria COLCHICACEAE: Colchicum, Uvularia. LILIACEAE: Clintonia, Erythronium, Lilium, Medeola, Prosartes, Streptopus, Tricyrtis, Tulipa. MELANTHIACEAE: Amianthium, Anticlea, Chamaelirium, Helonias, Melanthium, Schoenocaulon, Stenanthium, Veratrum, Toxicoscordion, Trillium, Xerophyllum, Zigadenus.
    [Show full text]
  • Rare Plants of Louisiana
    Rare Plants of Louisiana Agalinis filicaulis - purple false-foxglove Figwort Family (Scrophulariaceae) Rarity Rank: S2/G3G4 Range: AL, FL, LA, MS Recognition: Photo by John Hays • Short annual, 10 to 50 cm tall, with stems finely wiry, spindly • Stems simple to few-branched • Leaves opposite, scale-like, about 1mm long, barely perceptible to the unaided eye • Flowers few in number, mostly born singly or in pairs from the highest node of a branchlet • Pedicels filiform, 5 to 10 mm long, subtending bracts minute • Calyx 2 mm long, lobes short-deltoid, with broad shallow sinuses between lobes • Corolla lavender-pink, without lines or spots within, 10 to 13 mm long, exterior glabrous • Capsule globe-like, nearly half exerted from calyx Flowering Time: September to November Light Requirement: Full sun to partial shade Wetland Indicator Status: FAC – similar likelihood of occurring in both wetlands and non-wetlands Habitat: Wet longleaf pine flatwoods savannahs and hillside seepage bogs. Threats: • Conversion of habitat to pine plantations (bedding, dense tree spacing, etc.) • Residential and commercial development • Fire exclusion, allowing invasion of habitat by woody species • Hydrologic alteration directly (e.g. ditching) and indirectly (fire suppression allowing higher tree density and more large-diameter trees) Beneficial Management Practices: • Thinning (during very dry periods), targeting off-site species such as loblolly and slash pines for removal • Prescribed burning, establishing a regime consisting of mostly growing season (May-June) burns Rare Plants of Louisiana LA River Basins: Pearl, Pontchartrain, Mermentau, Calcasieu, Sabine Side view of flower. Photo by John Hays References: Godfrey, R. K. and J. W. Wooten.
    [Show full text]
  • New Chromosome Counts and Other Karyological Data for Members of the Stemonaceae
    Blumea 66, 2021: 53–56 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/blumea RESEARCH ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2021.66.01.02 New chromosome counts and other karyological data for members of the Stemonaceae M. Kiehn1,2, E.M. Temsch2, L.A. Pernausl2, M. Hofbauer2, G. Chen3, S. Vajrodaya4, J. Schinnerl2 Key words Abstract Chromosome numbers and other karyological data for ten Stemona species and for Stichoneuron cauda- tum are presented, including first reports for Stemona burkillii, S. involuta, S. mairei and S. phyllantha. All investigated chromosome length taxa of Stemona exhibit n = x = 7 (2n = 14) chromosomes. For Stichoneuron caudatum an earlier count revealing chromosome number 2n = 18 is confirmed. The observed chromosome lengths range between 0.9 and 6.9 μm (largest chromosome in genome size Stichoneuron caudatum). Additionally, the genome sizes of seven Stemona species and of Stichoneuron caudatum karyology are reported. The obtained results are compared with literature data and discussed. Stemona Stemonaceae Stichoneuron Citation: Kiehn M, Temsch EM, Pernausl LA, et al. 2021. New chromosome counts and other karyological data for members of the Stemonaceae. Blumea 66 (1): 53–56. https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2021.66.01.02. Effectively published online: 10 March 2021. INTRODUCTION (H.Lév.) K.Krause, S. phyllantha Gagnep., S. tuberosa Lour., as well as for Stichoneuron caudatum Ridl., and includes the re- The small monocotyledonous family Stemonaceae is placed sults of first studies on the four species S. burkillii, S. involuta, in the Pandanales (APG 2016) and comprises four genera S. mairei and S. phyllantha. For S. curtisii, the exact chromo- (Croomia Torr., Pentastemona Steenis, Stemona Lour., Sticho- some number is determined for the first time.
    [Show full text]
  • Ancistrocladaceae
    Soltis et al—American Journal of Botany 98(4):704-730. 2011. – Data Supplement S2 – page 1 Soltis, Douglas E., Stephen A. Smith, Nico Cellinese, Kenneth J. Wurdack, David C. Tank, Samuel F. Brockington, Nancy F. Refulio-Rodriguez, Jay B. Walker, Michael J. Moore, Barbara S. Carlsward, Charles D. Bell, Maribeth Latvis, Sunny Crawley, Chelsea Black, Diaga Diouf, Zhenxiang Xi, Catherine A. Rushworth, Matthew A. Gitzendanner, Kenneth J. Sytsma, Yin-Long Qiu, Khidir W. Hilu, Charles C. Davis, Michael J. Sanderson, Reed S. Beaman, Richard G. Olmstead, Walter S. Judd, Michael J. Donoghue, and Pamela S. Soltis. Angiosperm phylogeny: 17 genes, 640 taxa. American Journal of Botany 98(4): 704-730. Appendix S2. The maximum likelihood majority-rule consensus from the 17-gene analysis shown as a phylogram with mtDNA included for Polyosma. Names of the orders and families follow APG III (2009); other names follow Cantino et al. (2007). Numbers above branches are bootstrap percentages. 67 Acalypha Spathiostemon 100 Ricinus 97 100 Dalechampia Lasiocroton 100 100 Conceveiba Homalanthus 96 Hura Euphorbia 88 Pimelodendron 100 Trigonostemon Euphorbiaceae Codiaeum (incl. Peraceae) 100 Croton Hevea Manihot 10083 Moultonianthus Suregada 98 81 Tetrorchidium Omphalea 100 Endospermum Neoscortechinia 100 98 Pera Clutia Pogonophora 99 Cespedesia Sauvagesia 99 Luxemburgia Ochna Ochnaceae 100 100 53 Quiina Touroulia Medusagyne Caryocar Caryocaraceae 100 Chrysobalanus 100 Atuna Chrysobalananaceae 100 100 Licania Hirtella 100 Euphronia Euphroniaceae 100 Dichapetalum 100
    [Show full text]
  • Lilioceris Egena Air Potato Biocontrol Environmental Assessment
    United States Department of Field Release of the Beetle Agriculture Lilioceris egena (Coleoptera: Marketing and Regulatory Chrysomelidae) for Classical Programs Biological Control of Air Potato, Dioscorea bulbifera (Dioscoreaceae), in the Continental United States Environmental Assessment, February 2021 Field Release of the Beetle Lilioceris egena (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) for Classical Biological Control of Air Potato, Dioscorea bulbifera (Dioscoreaceae), in the Continental United States Environmental Assessment, February 2021 Agency Contact: Colin D. Stewart, Assistant Director Pests, Pathogens, and Biocontrol Permits Plant Protection and Quarantine Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service U.S. Department of Agriculture 4700 River Rd., Unit 133 Riverdale, MD 20737 Non-Discrimination Policy The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against its customers, employees, and applicants for employment on the bases of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, reprisal, and where applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic information in employment or in any program or activity conducted or funded by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs and/or employment activities.) To File an Employment Complaint If you wish to file an employment complaint, you must contact your agency's EEO Counselor (PDF) within 45 days of the date of the alleged discriminatory act, event, or in the case of a personnel action. Additional information can be found online at http://www.ascr.usda.gov/complaint_filing_file.html. To File a Program Complaint If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form (PDF), found online at http://www.ascr.usda.gov/complaint_filing_cust.html, or at any USDA office, or call (866) 632-9992 to request the form.
    [Show full text]
  • Stemonaceae): an Endemic to Indo-Myanmar
    Modern Phytomorphology 3: 39–44, 2013 FRUIT AND SEED DISCOVERIES IN STICHONEURON MEMBraNACEUM HOOK. F. (STEMONACEAE): AN ENDEMIC TO INDO-MYANMAR Koushik Majumdar & B.K. Datta Abstract. Stichoneuron membranaceum Hook. f. is an endemic species of Indo-Myanmar hotspot whose fruit and seed remained unknown to science since 1850, until they were collected from Tripura, Northeast India. Based on these gatherings, this study is the first report about the development and morphological features of fruit and seed. Earlier historical collections of this species were discussed. Its preferred habitat, possible pollinating agents and seed dispersal mechanism were also investigated. Key words: Stichoneuron membranaceum, morphology, fruit, seed, hermaphroditism Plant Taxonomy and Biodiversity Laboratory, Department of Botany, Tripura University Suryamaninagar, 799022 Tripura, India; [email protected] Introduction Deb 1983), Sylhet of Bangladesh (Barbhuiya & Gogoi 2010) and Northern Burma (Tanaka Stemonaceae is a very important et al. 2007; Inthachub et al. 2009). Whereas, monocotyledon family, since it is the only species S. bognerianum Duyfjes,S. calcicola source of the stemona alkaloids (Ye et al. Inthachub, S. caudatum Ridl. and S. halabalensis 1994; Pilli & Ferreira 2000). The extracts Inthachub are mainly distributed in Peninsular from tuberous roots of Stemonaceae are Thailand and Malesia Inthachub( et al. popular to be used as insecticides and several 2009). Fruit and seed formation and their other traditional medicines (Valkenburg & characteristics were well described for above Bunyapraphatsara 2002; Inthachub et al. mentioned four Peninsular-Malesian species; 2009). There are c. 3 genera Croomia( Torr., where fruit usually elongate, apex acute or Stemona Lour. and Stichoneuron Hook. f.) and beaked, seed broad-ellipsoid, longitudinally c.
    [Show full text]
  • CHROMOSOME NUMBERS and OTHER KARYOLOGICAL DATA of FOUR STEMONA Species (STEMONACEAE) from THAILAND
    BLUMEA 49: 457– 460 Published on 10 December 2004 doi: 10.3767/000651904X484405 CHROMOSOME NUMBERS AND OTHER KARYOLOGICAL DATA OF FOUR STEMONA SPECIES (STEMONACEAE) FROM THAILAND MARKUS HARTL & MICHAEL KIEHN Institute of Botany, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna, Austria e-mail: [email protected] SUMMARY Chromosome numbers and other karyological data of four Stemona spp. (Stemonaceae) from Thai- land are reported. Three taxa (S. collinsae Craib, S. kerrii Craib and an unidentified species) exhibit 2n = 14 chromosomes, for S. curtisii Hook.f. a range of 2n = 13–16 was established. Based on the counts of c. 30% of the species of Stemona, x = 7 is very likely to be the basic number for the genus. Chromosome size and morphology of the investigated species are compared with literature data and show differences that might be of importance for infrageneric classification. In this connection the taxonomic position of the genus Pentastemona from Sumatra is also discussed. Key words: Pentastemona, Stemona, Stemonaceae, Thailand, chromosome numbers, karyology. INTRODUCTION As for many other tropical plants, cytological information about the small monoco- tyledonous family Stemonaceae is incomplete. Of the 23 species of its largest genus Stemona (Watson & Dallwitz, 2000) only three have been investigated so far, all reveal- ing 2n = 14 chromosomes (Oginuma et al., 2001). Chromosome counts for members of the two other genera in Stemonaceae s.str. deviate clearly from x = 7 (Croomia: 2n = 24, Stichoneuron: 2n = 18, see survey in Oginuma et al., 2001). Nevertheless, x = 7 is suggested as the basis number of the family by Dahlgren et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Species, and Suggested It to Affinity
    BLUMEA 28 (1982) 151 - 163 Pentastemona, a new 5-merous genus of Monocotyledons from North Sumatra (Stemonaceae) C.G.G.J. van Steenis Summary is described in the Stemonaceae. It has 5- A new, short-stemmed genus with two species regular, the first the Monocots. The four ofthe are discussed merous flowers, obviously among genera family and their characters contrasted. The fruit and seed of Stichoneuron are for the first time described. Attention is called for the aril in the four It is concluded that the is natural peculiar genera. family a characters and seed and should be A one, in vegetative structure, not split up. new family description is given and an artificial key to the genera. Some observations on anatomical features were checked or established,especially concerning the crystals, by Dr. P. Baas. A concise account of the palynology of the four genera is given by Dr. J. Muller. Besides the new type species, Pentastemona sumatrana., there is onenew combination for the second species, P. egregia (basionym Cryptocoryne egregia Schott). In the course of his work towards a revision of the Araceous genus Cryptocoryne in C. de Wit the of C. Schott based 1959, Dr. H. D. rejected type egregia (1863), on a Korthals collection in Central West that it did Sumatra, from this genus, even suggesting not belong to Araceae, but to another family, possibly Liliaceae. Dr. R. C. Bakhuizen van den Brink /. still maintained some doubt (in 1968) because of the occurrence of raphide dots in the leaves, a feature common to Araceae, but otherwise rare in Monocots.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Relationships of Monocots Based on the Highly Informative Plastid Gene Ndhf Thomas J
    Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Volume 22 | Issue 1 Article 4 2006 Phylogenetic Relationships of Monocots Based on the Highly Informative Plastid Gene ndhF Thomas J. Givnish University of Wisconsin-Madison J. Chris Pires University of Wisconsin-Madison; University of Missouri Sean W. Graham University of British Columbia Marc A. McPherson University of Alberta; Duke University Linda M. Prince Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Gardens See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Givnish, Thomas J.; Pires, J. Chris; Graham, Sean W.; McPherson, Marc A.; Prince, Linda M.; Patterson, Thomas B.; Rai, Hardeep S.; Roalson, Eric H.; Evans, Timothy M.; Hahn, William J.; Millam, Kendra C.; Meerow, Alan W.; Molvray, Mia; Kores, Paul J.; O'Brien, Heath W.; Hall, Jocelyn C.; Kress, W. John; and Sytsma, Kenneth J. (2006) "Phylogenetic Relationships of Monocots Based on the Highly Informative Plastid Gene ndhF," Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: Vol. 22: Iss. 1, Article 4. Available at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol22/iss1/4 Phylogenetic Relationships of Monocots Based on the Highly Informative Plastid Gene ndhF Authors Thomas J. Givnish, J. Chris Pires, Sean W. Graham, Marc A. McPherson, Linda M. Prince, Thomas B. Patterson, Hardeep S. Rai, Eric H. Roalson, Timothy M. Evans, William J. Hahn, Kendra C. Millam, Alan W. Meerow, Mia Molvray, Paul J. Kores, Heath W. O'Brien, Jocelyn C. Hall, W. John Kress, and Kenneth J. Sytsma This article is available in Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol22/iss1/ 4 Aliso 22, pp.
    [Show full text]
  • Flora of Australia, Volume 46, Iridaceae to Dioscoreaceae
    FLORA OF AUSTRALIA Volume 46 Iridaceae to Dioscoreaceae This volume was published before the Commonwealth Government moved to Creative Commons Licensing. © Commonwealth of Australia 1986. This work is copyright. You may download, display, print and reproduce this material in unaltered form only (retaining this notice) for your personal, non-commercial use or use within your organisation. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced or distributed by any process or stored in any retrieval system or data base without prior written permission from the copyright holder. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to: [email protected] FLORA OF AUSTRALIA The nine families in this volume of the Flora of Australia are Iridaceae, Aloeaceae, Agavaceae, Xanthorrhoeaceae, Hanguan- aceae, Taccaceae, Stemonaceae, Smilacaceae and Dioscoreaceae. The Xanthorrhoeaceae has the largest representation with 10 genera and 99 species. Most are endemic with a few species of Lomandra and Romnalda extending to neighbouring islands. The family includes the spectacular blackboys and grass-trees. The Iridaceae is largely represented by naturalised species with 52 of the 78 species being introduced. Many of the introductions are ornamentals and several have become serious weeds. Patersonia is the largest genus with all 17 species endemic. Some of these are cultivated as ornamentals. The Dioscoreaccae is a family of economic significance, particularly in the old world tropics where some species are cultivated or collected for their tubers and bulbils. In Australia there are 5 species, one of which is a recent introduction. The endemic and native species, commonly known as yams, are traditionally eaten by the Aborigines.
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic and Chemical Diversity in Perovskia Abrotanoides KAR
    (1 of 14) e1700508 Genetic and Chemical Diversity in Perovskia abrotanoides KAR. (Lamiaceae) Populations Based on ISSRs Markers and Essential Oils Profile Seyyed Hossein Pourhosseini,a Javad Hadian,a Ali Sonboli,b Samad Nejad Ebrahimi,c and Mohammad Hossein Mirjalili*a aMedicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Evin, 1983969411 Tehran, Iran, e-mail: [email protected] bDepartment of Biology, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Evin, 1983969411 Tehran, Iran cDepartment of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Evin, 1983969411 Tehran, Iran Genetic and the essential oil composition variability among twelve Perovskia abrotanoides populations (PAbPs) growing wild in Iran were assessed by ISSR markers, GC-FID and GC/MS, respectively. Nine selected ISSR primers produced 119 discernible bands, of them 96 (80.7%) being polymorphic. Genetic similarity values among populations ranged between 0.07 and 0.79 which indicated a high level of genetic variation. Polymorphic information content, resolving power and marker index generated by ISSR primers were, 0.31, 6.14, and 3.32, respectively. UPGMA grouped PAbPs into four main clusters. Altogether, 38 chemical compounds were identified in the oils, and a relatively high variation in their contents was found. Camphor (11.9 – 27.5%), 1,8-cineole (11.3 – 21.3%), a-bisabolol (0.0 – 13.1%), a-pinene (5.9 – 10.8%), and d-3-carene (0.1 – 10.5%) were the major compounds. Oxygenated monoterpenes (32.1 – 35.8%) and monoterpene hydrocarbons (25.7 – 30.4%) were the main groups of compounds in the oils studied.
    [Show full text]
  • REGULATED PLANT INDEX of Sept
    The PALMETTO, Spring 1994, Page 7 Family Affiliation of Species on the REGULATED PLANT INDEX of Sept. 1993 by Naney C. Coile Florida's endangered plant species are protected by representative from each of the following organizations: state law. The specific authority comes through Florida Committee for Rare and Endangered Plants and Animals, Statutes, Sections 570.07(23) and 581.185(4). The Rules of Florida Federation of Garden Clubs, Florida Forestry the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Association, Florida Native Plant Society, Florida Nurs• Services, Division of Plant Industry, Chapter 5B-40, Florida erymen and Growers Association. The EPAC Chair for Administrative Code (FAC) is entitled: "Preservation of 1993-1994 is Richard Moyroud (representative of the Native Flora of Florida" and includes the "Regulated Plant Florida Native Plant Society). Other EPAC members are: Index". Penalties for violations of Rule Chapter 5B-40 are Dr. Loran C. Anderson (Florida State University), Dr. provided in Section 581.141 and 581.211 of the Florida Daniel F. Austin (Florida Atlantic University), Dr. Daniel Statutes. B. Ward (Committee for Rare and Endangered Plants and As stated in Rule Chapter 5B-40, FAC, the purpose is Animals), Ms. Eve R. Hannahs (Florida Federation of "to provide rules for the purpose of preserving the native Garden Clubs), Mr. Charles D. Daniel III (Florida Forestry flora of Florida, by encouraging the propagation of endan• Association), and Mr. David M. Drylie, Jr. (Florida Nurs• gered or depleted species of flora and by providing an erymen and Growers Association). Mr. Daniel C. Phelps orderly and controlled procedure for restricting harvesting (Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Servic• of native flora from the wilds, thus preventing exploitation es, Division of Plant Industry) serves as the secretary.
    [Show full text]