Samuel Hubbard Scudder
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New Insects from the Earliest Permian of Carrizo Arroyo (New Mexico, USA) Bridging the Gap Between the Carboniferous and Permian Entomofaunas
Insect Systematics & Evolution 48 (2017) 493–511 brill.com/ise New insects from the earliest Permian of Carrizo Arroyo (New Mexico, USA) bridging the gap between the Carboniferous and Permian entomofaunas Jakub Prokopa,* and Jarmila Kukalová-Peckb aDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-128 43 Praha 2, Czech Republic bEntomology, Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1P 6P4 *Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] Version of Record, published online 7 April 2017; published in print 1 November 2017 Abstract New insects are described from the early Asselian of the Bursum Formation in Carrizo Arroyo, NM, USA. Carrizoneura carpenteri gen. et sp. nov. (Syntonopteridae) demonstrates traits in hindwing venation to Lithoneura and Syntonoptera, both known from the Moscovian of Illinois. Carrizoneura represents the latest unambiguous record of Syntonopteridae. Martynovia insignis represents the earliest evidence of Mar- tynoviidae. Carrizodiaphanoptera permiana gen. et sp. nov. extends range of Diaphanopteridae previously restricted to Gzhelian. The re-examination of the type speciesDiaphanoptera munieri reveals basally coa- lesced vein MA with stem of R and RP resulting in family diagnosis emendation. Arroyohymen splendens gen. et sp. nov. (Protohymenidae) displays features in venation similar to taxa known from early and late Permian from the USA and Russia. A new palaeodictyopteran wing attributable to Carrizopteryx cf. arroyo (Calvertiellidae) provides data on fore wing venation previously unknown. Thus, all these new discoveries show close relationship between late Pennsylvanian and early Permian entomofaunas. Keywords Ephemeropterida; Diaphanopterodea; Megasecoptera; Palaeodictyoptera; gen. et sp. nov; early Asselian; wing venation Introduction The fossil record of insects from continental deposits near the Carboniferous-Permian boundary is important for correlating insect evolution with changes in climate and in plant ecosystems. -
The Status of Silvery Blue Subspecies (Glaucopsyche Lygdamus Lygdamus and G
Journal of the Lepidopterists' SOciety 45(4), 1991, 272-290 THE STATUS OF SILVERY BLUE SUBSPECIES (GLAUCOPSYCHE LYGDAMUS LYGDAMUS AND G. L. COUPERI: LYCAENIDAE) IN NEW YORK ROBERT DIRIG Bailey Hortorium Herbarium, 462 Mann Library, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 AND JOHN F. CRYAN New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, 1 Hunterspoint Plaza, 47-40 Twenty-first Street, Long Island City, New York 11101 ABSTRACT. Two subspecies of the Silvery Blue (Glaucopsyche lygdamus, Lycaeni dae) are recorded from New York. The nominate subspecies was reported from central New York through 1969, but has not been seen from 1970-1991. Adults flew in May, and larvae fed on native Wood Vetch (Vicia caroliniana, Fabaceae) on steep, naturally unstable, southwest-facing shale banks. Glaucopsyche lygdamus couperi is reported for the first time from northern New York (and Vermont), where its larvae feed on planted or naturalized Tufted Vetch (Vicia cracca), and adults fly in June on weedy road banks. This butterfly is spreading south using vetch-lined highway corridors. The two entities exhibit marked ecological and phenotypic contrasts in New York. Additional key words: Fabaceae, Vicia cracca, Vicia caroliniana, range expansion, rare species. The Silvery Blue, Glaucopsyche Iygdamus (Doubleday) (Lycaeni dae), has been considered rare and local in New York, where the nominate subspecies reaches its northern limit (Klots 1951, Shapiro 1974, Opler & Krizek 1984). Literature references and specimens are scanty, and almost nothing has been published about its natural history in New York. Scudder (1889) said that ssp. Iygdamus was "known from the upper waters of the Susquehanna [River]," but gave no details. -
Taxonomy, Distribution and Biology of the Genus Cercyonis (Satyridae)
1969 Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 165 TAXONOMY, DISTRIBUTION AND BIOLOGY OF THE GENUS CERCYONIS (SATYRIDAE). 1. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GENUS THOMAS C. EMMEL Department of Zoology, The University of Florida, Gainesville Evolution of butterflies in the satyrid genus Cercyonis has produced a complex of species groups and variable populations in North America that has not been reviewed thoroughly since the last century. The pur pose of this paper and others to follow in the series is to provide a critical, modern synthesis of taxonomic, distributional and biological information on all species and subspecies within the genus, based on extensive studies by the author from 1960 to the present. In future papers, each species group will be treated intensively, with plates of both sexes of adults of all subspecies, larvae, pupae, figures of eggs, genitalia, androconia, antennae and other important morphological characters, and chromosomes. Genetic data and hyblidization crosses will also be summarized in the present series from mateIial to be pub lished in full elsewhere. TAXONOMY The Nearctic genus Cercyonis has had over thirty specific, subspecif'ic, or varietal names applied to it, and no taxonomic revision has been at tempted since the 1880s (Edwards, 1880). On the basis of extensive field work, examination of over 5,000 adult C ercyonis specimens, rearing of many of the named forms, and studies of external and internal morphology of all these forms, the following new taxonomic treatment is proposed.l 1. Cercyonis sthenele (Boisduval, 1852) a. sthenele sthenele (Boisduval, 1852) b. sthenele silvestris (Edwards, 1861) c. sthenele paulus (Edwards, 1879) behrii (Grinnell, 19(5) d. -
Type and Figured Fossils in the Worthen Collection at the Illinois
s Cq&JI ^XXKUJtJLI 14oGS: CIR 524 c, 2 TYPE AND FIGURED FOSSILS IN THE WORTHEN COLLECTION AT THE ILLINOIS STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Lois S. Kent GEOLOGICAL ILLINOIS Illinois Department of Energy and Natural Resources, STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY DIVISION CIRCULAR 524 1982 COVER: This portrait of Amos Henry Worthen is from a print presented to me by Worthen's great-grandson, Arthur C. Brookley, Jr., at the time he visited the Illinois State Geological Survey in the late 1950s or early 1960s. The picture is the same as that published in connection with the memorial to Worthen in the appendix to Vol. 8 of the Geological Survey of Illinois, 1890. -LSK Kent, Lois S., Type and figured fossils in the Worthen Collection at the Illinois State Geological Survey. — Champaign, III. : Illinois State Geological Survey, 1982. - 65 p. ; 28 cm. (Circular / Illinois State Geological Survey ; 524) 1. Paleontology. 2. Catalogs and collections. 3. Worthen Collection. I. Title. II. Series. Editor: Mary Clockner Cover: Sandra Stecyk Printed by the authority of the State of Illinois/1982/2500 II I IHOI'.MAII '.I 'II Of.ir.AI MIHVI y '> 300 1 00003 5216 TYPE AND FIGURED FOSSILS IN THE WORTHEN COLLECTION AT THE ILLINOIS STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Lois S. Kent | CIRCULAR 524 1982 ILLINOIS STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Robert E. Bergstrom, Acting Chief Natural Resources Building, 615 East Peabody Drive, Champaign, IL 61820 TYPE AND FIGURED FOSSILS IN THE WORTHEN COLLECTION AT THE ILLINOIS STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CONTENTS Acknowledgments 2 Introduction 2 Organization of the catalog 7 Notes 8 References 8 Fossil catalog 13 ABSTRACT This catalog lists all type and figured specimens of fossils in the part of the "Worthen Collection" now housed at the Illinois State Geological Survey in Champaign, Illinois. -
MYRIAPODS 767 Volume 2 (M-Z), Pp
In: R. Singer, (ed.), 1999. Encyclopedia of Paleontology, MYRIAPODS 767 volume 2 (M-Z), pp. 767-775. Fitzroy Dearborn, London. MYRIAPODS JVlyriapods are many-legged, terrestrial arthropods whose bodies groups, the Trilobita, Chelicerata, Crustacea, and the Uniramia, the are divided into two major parts, a head and a trunk. The head last consisting of the Myriapoda, Hexapoda, and Onychophora (vel- bears a single pair of antennae, highly differentiated mandibles (or vet worms). However, subsequent structural and molecular evidence jaws), and at least one pair of maxillary mouthparts; the trunk indicates that there are several characters uniting major arthropod region consists of similar "metameres," each of which is a func- taxa. Moreover, paleobiologic, embryologie, and other evidence tional segment that bears one or two pairs of appendages. Gas demonstrates that myriapods and hexapods are fiindamentally exchange is accomplished by tracheae•a branching network of polyramous, having two major articulating appendages per embry- specialized tubules•although small forms respire through the ological body segment, like other arthropods. body wall. Malpighian organs are used for excretion, and eyes con- A fourth proposal (Figure ID) suggests that myriapods are sist of clusters of simple, unintegrated, light-sensitive elements an ancient, basal arthropod lineage, and that the Hexapoda that are termed ommatidia. These major features collectively char- emerged as an independent, relatively recent clade from a rather acterize the five major myriapod clades: Diplopoda (millipeds), terminal crustacean lineage, perhaps the Malacostraca, which con- Chilopoda (centipeds), Pauropoda (pauropods), Symphyla (sym- tains lobsters and crabs (Ballard et al. 1992). Because few crusta- phylans), and Arthropleurida (arthropleurids). Other features cean taxa were examined in this analysis, and due to the Cambrian indicate differences among these clades. -
1 General Introduction
1 General Introduction If the karate-ka (student) shall walk the true path, first he will cast aside all preference. Tatsuo Shimabuku, Grand Master of Isshin-ryu Karate 1.1 The Importance of Insects ~30% of the plants we grow for food and materials. Because of their great numbers and diversity, insects Insects transmit some of these pathogens. While have a considerable impact on human life and indus- weeds can often reduce pest attack, they can also try, particularly away from cities and in the tropics. harbour the pest’s enemies or provide alternative On the positive side they form a large and irreplace- resources for the pest itself. Then in storage, insects, able part of the ecosystem, especially as pollinators mites, rodents and fungi cause a further 30% loss. of fruit and vegetable crops and, of course, many Apart from such biotic damage, severe physical con- wild plants (Section 8.2.1). They also have a place ditions such as drought, storms and flooding cause in soil formation (Section 8.2.4) and are being used additional losses. For example, under ideal field increasingly in ‘greener’ methods of pest control. conditions new wheat varieties (e.g. Agnote and Biological control using insects as predators and Humber) would give yields of ~16 tonnes/ha, but parasites of pest insects has been developed in the produce typically about half this under good hus- West for over a century, and much longer in China. bandry. Pre-harvest destruction due only to insects More recently integrated pest management (IPM) is 10–13% (Pimentel et al., 1984; Thacker, 2002). -
Consequences of Evolutionary Transitions in Changing Photic Environments
bs_bs_banner Austral Entomology (2017) 56,23–46 Review Consequences of evolutionary transitions in changing photic environments Simon M Tierney,1* Markus Friedrich,2,3 William F Humphreys,1,4,5 Therésa M Jones,6 Eric J Warrant7 and William T Wcislo8 1School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. 2Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, 5047 Gullen Mall, Detroit, MI 48202, USA. 3Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, 540 East Canfield Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. 4Terrestrial Zoology, Western Australian Museum, Locked Bag 49, Welshpool DC, WA 6986, Australia. 5School of Animal Biology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6907, Australia. 6Department of Zoology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic. 3010, Australia. 7Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35, S-22362 Lund, Sweden. 8Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, PO Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panamá. Abstract Light represents one of the most reliable environmental cues in the biological world. In this review we focus on the evolutionary consequences to changes in organismal photic environments, with a specific focus on the class Insecta. Particular emphasis is placed on transitional forms that can be used to track the evolution from (1) diurnal to nocturnal (dim-light) or (2) surface to subterranean (aphotic) environments, as well as (3) the ecological encroachment of anthropomorphic light on nocturnal habitats (artificial light at night). We explore the influence of the light environment in an integrated manner, highlighting the connections between phenotypic adaptations (behaviour, morphology, neurology and endocrinology), molecular genetics and their combined influence on organismal fitness. -
Frank Morton Carpenter (1902-1994): Academic Biography and List of Publications
FRANK MORTON CARPENTER (1902-1994): ACADEMIC BIOGRAPHY AND LIST OF PUBLICATIONS BY DAVID G. FURTH 18 Hamilton Rd., Arlington, MA 02174 The present paper is meant to accompany the preceding one by Elizabeth Brosius, Assistant Editor at the University of Kansas, Paleontological Institute, who was extremely instrumental in aid- ing Prof. Frank Carpenter to finish his Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology volumes on fossil insects. The Brosius paper is a brief profile taken from her personal interaction with Prof. Carpen- ter as well as numerous interviews about him with his friends, stu- dents, and colleagues. The present paper is intended to be more of an account of Prof. Carpenter's academic background and accom- plishments with the addition of some personal and academic accounts of the author's interaction with Frank Carpenter. Frank Morton Carpenter was born in Boston on 6 September 1902. When he was three years old his family (father Edwin A. and mother Maude Wall) moved from Boston to Revere and at age six his family moved to Melrose where he began to attend Lincoln School the following year. His father worked for the American Express Company but had a strong interest in natural history and taught his elder son (Edwin, four years older than Frank) about the constellations. Edwin later graduated from Harvard, studied astronomy, and became Director of the Astronomical Laboratory at the University of Arizona in Tucson. When Frank Carpenter was a sixth grader at Lincoln School his father encouraged his interest in butterflies and moths. In ninth grade Frank Carpenter began taking out books about insects from the Melrose Public Library. -
The Radiation of Satyrini Butterflies (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): A
Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2011, 161, 64–87. With 8 figures The radiation of Satyrini butterflies (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): a challenge for phylogenetic methods CARLOS PEÑA1,2*, SÖREN NYLIN1 and NIKLAS WAHLBERG1,3 1Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden 2Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av. Arenales 1256, Apartado 14-0434, Lima-14, Peru 3Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland Received 24 February 2009; accepted for publication 1 September 2009 We have inferred the most comprehensive phylogenetic hypothesis to date of butterflies in the tribe Satyrini. In order to obtain a hypothesis of relationships, we used maximum parsimony and model-based methods with 4435 bp of DNA sequences from mitochondrial and nuclear genes for 179 taxa (130 genera and eight out-groups). We estimated dates of origin and diversification for major clades, and performed a biogeographic analysis using a dispersal–vicariance framework, in order to infer a scenario of the biogeographical history of the group. We found long-branch taxa that affected the accuracy of all three methods. Moreover, different methods produced incongruent phylogenies. We found that Satyrini appeared around 42 Mya in either the Neotropical or the Eastern Palaearctic, Oriental, and/or Indo-Australian regions, and underwent a quick radiation between 32 and 24 Mya, during which time most of its component subtribes originated. Several factors might have been important for the diversification of Satyrini: the ability to feed on grasses; early habitat shift into open, non-forest habitats; and geographic bridges, which permitted dispersal over marine barriers, enabling the geographic expansions of ancestors to new environ- ments that provided opportunities for geographic differentiation, and diversification. -
1997 Species Report Card: the State of U.S
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269112191 1997 Species Report Card: The State of U.S. Plants and Animals Book · January 1997 CITATIONS READS 38 102 2 authors, including: Bruce A. Stein National Wildlife Federation 62 PUBLICATIONS 2,285 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Natural Defenses In Action View project National Climate Assessment (3rd) View project All content following this page was uploaded by Bruce A. Stein on 05 December 2014. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. 1997 Species Report Card The State of U.S. Plants and Animals IN COOPERATION WITH THE NATURAL HERITAGE NETWORK A NatureServe™ Publication 1997 Species Report Card The State of U.S. Plants and Animals Citation: Bruce A. Stein and Stephanie R. Flack. 1997. 1997 Species Report Card: The State of U.S. Plants and Animals. The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, Virginia. ISBN: 1-886765-08-1 This publication is available on The Nature Conservancy’s Web site at http://www.tnc.org/science/library. © 1997 The Nature Conservancy NATURESERVE: Science for Conservation Program Sponsor This publication is a product of NatureServe, which is made possible by Canon U.S.A.’s Clean Earth Campaign. The NatureServe program is designed to promote biodiversity conservation by raising public awareness and advancing scientific knowledge. Contents Summary ...................................................................................................... -
Specimen Records for North American Lepidoptera (Insecta) in the Oregon State Arthropod Collection. Lycaenidae Leach, 1815 and Riodinidae Grote, 1895
Catalog: Oregon State Arthropod Collection 2019 Vol 3(2) Specimen records for North American Lepidoptera (Insecta) in the Oregon State Arthropod Collection. Lycaenidae Leach, 1815 and Riodinidae Grote, 1895 Jon H. Shepard Paul C. Hammond Christopher J. Marshall Oregon State Arthropod Collection, Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis OR 97331 Cite this work, including the attached dataset, as: Shepard, J. S, P. C. Hammond, C. J. Marshall. 2019. Specimen records for North American Lepidoptera (Insecta) in the Oregon State Arthropod Collection. Lycaenidae Leach, 1815 and Riodinidae Grote, 1895. Catalog: Oregon State Arthropod Collection 3(2). (beta version). http://dx.doi.org/10.5399/osu/cat_osac.3.2.4594 Introduction These records were generated using funds from the LepNet project (Seltmann) - a national effort to create digital records for North American Lepidoptera. The dataset published herein contains the label data for all North American specimens of Lycaenidae and Riodinidae residing at the Oregon State Arthropod Collection as of March 2019. A beta version of these data records will be made available on the OSAC server (http://osac.oregonstate.edu/IPT) at the time of this publication. The beta version will be replaced in the near future with an official release (version 1.0), which will be archived as a supplemental file to this paper. Methods Basic digitization protocols and metadata standards can be found in (Shepard et al. 2018). Identifications were confirmed by Jon Shepard and Paul Hammond prior to digitization. Nomenclature follows that of (Pelham 2008). Results The holdings in these two families are extensive. Combined, they make up 25,743 specimens (24,598 Lycanidae and 1145 Riodinidae). -
1 Maculinea Or Phengaris? New Insights from Genitalia Morphometry
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Repository of the Academy's Library 1 Maculinea or Phengaris? New insights from genitalia morphometry 2 3 Judit Bereczkia,*, Zoltán Vargaa and János P. Tóthb 4 aDepartment of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, 5 University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., Hungary, bMTA-DE ‘Lendület’ 6 Evolutionary Phylogenomics Research Group, H-4032 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., Hungary 7 8 *Corresponding author: Judit Bereczki, Department of Evolutionary Zoology & Human 9 Biology, Institute of Biology & Ecology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, P.O.Box 3, H- 10 4010, Hungary. Fax: +36 52 512 941. E-mail: [email protected] 11 12 Abstract 13 The main goal of our research was to complete the previous studies on the taxonomy of the 14 Phengaris-Maculinea complex applying a geometric morphometric approach on male 15 genitalia. Strong phylogenetic signal was detected in the shape of valva. Phengaris s.str. and 16 Maculinea s.str. could not been separated perfectly owing to the intermediate position of 17 Phengaris xiushani having ‘Maculinea-like’ valva shape. Our investigation emphasizes the 18 need of a more comprehensive phylogenetic survey including all Phengaris species. At the 19 same time, it also suggests that the synonymization of the two genera seems to be reasoned 20 under the name Phengaris as senior synonym. 21 22 Key words: geometric morphometry, phylogenetic signal, valva shape 23 24 1 25 The obligatory myrmecophilous blues of the genus Maculinea Van Eecke, 1915 26 (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae) belong to the most intensively studied butterflies in Europe 27 (Settele et al., 2005) primarily owing to their extraordinary life cycle.