POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY Author Mrs

ALAGAPPA UNIVERSITY [Accredited with ‘A+’ Grade by NAAC (CGPA:3.64) in the Third Cycle and Graded as Category–I University by MHRD-UGC] (A State University Established by the Government of Tamil Nadu) KARAIKUDI – 630 003

Directorate of Distance Education

M.Sc. (Psychology) IV - Semester 363 43

POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY Author Mrs. Leema Thomas, Clinical Psychologist & Guest Faculty (Psychology), Dept. of Special Education & Rehabilitation Science, Alagappa University, Karaikudi SYLLABI-BOOK MAPPING TABLE Positive Psychology Syllabi Mapping in Book BLOCK I: BASIC CONCEPTS OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY UNIT 1 : Introduction Unit 1: Introduction to Positive Positive psychology: Definition; goals and assumptions; Relationship with Psychology health psychology, developmental psychology, clinical psychology (Pages 1-5); UNIT 2: Positive Psychology Unit 2: History of Positive Introduction and historical overview of Positive Psychology, Positive Psychology prevention and positive therapy Module (Pages 6-15); UNIT 3 : Foundations of happiness Unit 3: Foundation of Happiness The meaning and measure of happiness - the science of happiness - biological (Pages 6-23); foundation of happiness - the happiness system - the malleable brain - the Unit 4: Emotional Intelligence, Well secret of smiling - positive feeling as a compass - positive traits. Being and Happiness UNIT 4: Emotional intelligence, Well-being and Happiness (Pages 24-34) Positive emotions: Broaden and build theory; Cultivating positive emotions; Happiness- hedonic and Euaimonic; Well- being: negative vs positive functions; Judgement and decision making; Subjective well -being: Emotional, social and psychological well-being; Model of complete mental life BLOCK II: PROCESS OF WELL BEING UNIT 5: Positive Cognitive States and Processes Unit 5: Positive Cognitivestates Resilience: Developmental and clinical perspectives; Sources of resilience in and Processes children; Sources of resilience in adulthood and later life; Optimism- How (Pages 35-44); optimism works; variation of optimism and pessimism; Spirituality: the search Unit 6: Application of Positive for eaning(Frankl); Spirituality and well- being; Forgiveness and gratitude Psychology UNIT 6 :Applications of Positive Psychology (Pages 45-54); Positive schooling: Components; Positive coping strategies; Gainful Unit 7: Subjective Wellbeing employment Mental health: Moving toward balanced conceptualization; Lack (Pages 55-62) of a developmental perspectives. UNIT 7: Subjective well-being The science of happiness and life satisfaction, Resilience in Development, Concept of flow, Positive affectivity, Social construction of self-esteem 11 Module BLOCK III: ROLE IN POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY UNIT 8 Role pf personal control in Adaptive Unit 8: Role of Personal Control Functioning Optimism, Hope, Self efficacy, goal-setting for life and happiness in Adaptive Module (Pages 63-77); UNIT9: Interpersonal relationship Unit 9: Interpersonal Relationship Enhancement of closeness, compassion, forgiveness and gratitude, love, (Pages 78-94); empathy and altruism Module Unit 10: Positive Response to Loss UNIT 10: Positive response to loss Role of humour Role of Humour Spirituality Module 6: Application of Positive Psychology Living well at every (Pages 95-103); stage of life, Positive Psychology for children, Positive schooling, Ageing well. Unit 11: Stratgies to Enhance UNIT11:Strategies to enhance happiness Happiness (Pages 104-110) Enhancing pleasure, engagementand meaning-making; self-related processes. BLOCK IV: CHALLENGES UNIT12: Character strengths and virtues Unit 12: Character, Strength Classification, assessment and nurturance; barriers in developing strengths and Virtues and virtues. (Pages 111-119); UNIT13: Meeting life challenges Unit 13: Meeting the Life Nature, type and sources of stress, individual interpretations and responses, Challenges coping strategies and their assessment, promoting healthy coping strategies (Pages 120-128); and life skills. Unit 14: Subjective Well Being UNIT 14: Subjective well-being (Pages 129-136) Concept and indicators, life satisfaction and happiness, determinants of happiness; theoretical frameworks. CONTENTS

UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION TO POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 1-5 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Objectives 1.3 Definition 1.4 Goals and Assumption 1.5 Authentic Happiness and the Good Life 1.6 Relationships with other Branches 1.7 Let’s Sum Up 1.8 Unit End Exercise 1.9 Answers for Check Your Progress 1.10 Suggested Readings UNIT 2 HISTORY OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 6-15 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Objectives 2.3 Historical Perspective of Positive Psychology 2.3.1 Greeks 2.3.2 Utilitarianism 2.3.3 William James 2.3.4 Humanistic Psychology 2.4 Eastern Perspectives 2.4.1 Confucianism 2.4.2 Taoism 2.4.3 Buddhism 2.4.4 Hinduism 2.5 Value System 2.6 Positive Prevention 2.7 Positive Therapy 2.8 Let’s Sum Up 2.9 Unit End Exercise 2.10 Answers for Check Your Progress 2.11 Suggested Readings UNIT 3 FOUNDATION OF HAPPINESS 16-23 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Objectives 3.3 Meaning of Happiness 3.4 Effects of Happiness 3.5 Science of Happiness 3.6 Biological Foundation of Happiness 3.7 Positive Feeling 3.8 Let’s Sum Up 3.9 Unit End Exercise 3.10 Answer for Check Your Progress 3.11 Suggested Readings UNIT 4 EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE, WELL BEING AND HAPPINESS 24-34 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Objectives 4.3 Definition of Emotion 4.4 Positive Emotion and Well Being 4.5 The value of Positive Emotion 4.6 Broaden and Build Theory 4.7 Hedonic and Eudaimonic Happiness 4.8 Distinguishing Positive and Negative Functions 4.9 Subjective Well Being 4.10 Determinants of Subjective Well Being 4.11 Complete Mental Health Model 4.12 Let’s Sum Up 4.13 Unit End Exercise 4.14 Answers for Check Your Progress 4.15 Suggested Readings UNIT 5 POSITIVE COGNITIVESTATES AND PROCESSES 35-44 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Objectives 5.3 Resilience 5.3.1 Components of Resilience 5.3.2 Resilience and Body 5.4 Optimism 5.4.1 Definition 5.4.2 The Neurobiology of Optimism 5.4.3 Dispositional Optimism 5.4.4 Explanatory Style of Optimism 5.4.5 Development of Optimism 5.5 Spirituality 5.5.1 How Spirituality Works 5.6 Let’s Sum Up 5.7 Unit End Exercise 5.8 Answers for Check Your Progress 5.9 Suggested Readings UNIT 6 APPLICATION OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 45-54 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Objectives 6.3 Components of Positive Schooling 6.4 Gainful Employment 6.5 The Strength Based Approach to Work 6.6 The Dark Side 6.7 Balanced Conceptualization 6.8 Let’s Sum Up 6.9 Unit End Exercise 6.10 Answers for Check Your Progress 6.11 Suggested Readings UNIT 7 SUBJECTIVE WELLBEING 55-62 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Objectives 7.3 Resilience 7.4 Flow 7.4.1 Conditions of Flow 7.4.2 Measurement of Flow 7.5 Self Esteem 7.5.1 Development of Self Esteem 7.5.2 Improving Self Esteem 7.6 Let’s Sum Up 7.7 Unit End Exercise 7.8 Answer for Check Your Progress 7.9 suggest Reading UNIT 8 ROLE OF PERSONAL CONTROL IN ADAPTIVE 63-77 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Objectives 8.3 Optimism 8.3.1 Unrealistic and Realistic Optimism 8.3.2 Optimism and Subjective Well Being 8.4 Hope 8.4.1 Hope Theory 8.4.2 Importance of Hope 8.5 Self Efficacy 8.5.1 Source of Self Efficacy 8.5.2 Development of Self Efficacy 8.6 Life Goals 8.7 Let’s Sum Up 8.8 Unit End Exercise 8.9 Answer for Check Your Progress 8.10 Suggested Readings UNIT 9 INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP 78-94 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Objectives 9.3 Forgiveness 9.3.1 Types of Forgiveness 9.3.2 Application 9.4 Gratitude 9.4.1 Function of Gratitude 9.4.2 Benefits of Gratitude 9.4.3 Cultivating Gratitude 9.5 Love 9.5.1 Definitions 9.5.2 History of Love 9.5.3 Models of Love 9.6 Empathy and Altruism 9.7 Let’s Sum up 9.8 Unit End Exercise 9.9 Answers for Check Your Progress 9.10 Suggested Readings UNIT 10 POSITIVE RESPONSE TO LOSS ROLE OF HUMOUR 95-103 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Objectives 10.3 Spirituality 10.3.1 Benefits of Spirituality 10.3.2 Application of Positive Psychology 10.4 Positive Youth Development 10.5 Life Taste of Adulthood 10.6 Successful Aging 10.7 Let’s Sum Up 10.8 Unit End Exercise 10.9 Answers for Check Your Progress 10.10 Suggested Readings UNIT 11 STRATGIES TO ENHANCE HAPPINESS 104-110 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Objectives 11.3 Pleasure Principle 11.4 Positive Emotion 11.4.1 Subjective Well Being 11.4.2 Happiness 11.5 Meaning and Purpose of Life 11.6 Self Determination Theory 11.7 Self Esteem 11.8 Let’s Sum Up 11.9 Unit End Exersice 11.10 Answer for Check Your Progress 11.11 Suggested Readings UNIT 12 CHARACTER, STRENGTH AND VIRTUES 111-119 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Objectives 12.3 Classification of Strength 12.4 The Clifton of Strength Finds 12.5 The VIA Classification 12.6 Barriers to Develop Strength 12.7 Let’s Sum Up 12.8 Unit End Exercise 12.9 Answer for Check Your Progress 12.10 Suggested Readings UNIT 13 MEETING THE LIFE CHALLENGES 120-128 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Objectives 13.3 Stress 13.3.1 Symptoms of Stress 13.3.2 Acute and Chronic Stressor 13.4 Coping 13.4.1 Adaptive and Mal Adaptive Coping 13.4.2 Application of Coping 13.5 Positive Psychology in Coping 13.6 Let’s Sum Up 13.7 Unit End Exercise 13.8 Answer for Check Your Progress 13.9 Suggested Reading UNIT 14 SUBJECTIVE WELL BEING 129-136 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Objectives 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