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Fauna of

Insect Fauna of Korea

Volume 12, Number 1 Arthropoda: Insecta: Coleoptera: Pleurosticti o.1, No. 1 Vol. 12, Pleurosticti

Flora and Fauna of Korea

National Institute of Biological Resources Ministry of Environment National Institute of Biological Resources NIBR Ministry of Environment

CB Chungcheongbuk-do CN Chungcheongnam-do HB GB Gyeongsangbuk-do China GG Gyeonggi-do YG GN Gyeongsangnam-do GW Gangwon-do HB Hamgyeongbuk-do JG HN Hamgyeongnam-do HWB Hwanghaebuk-do HN HWN Hwanghaenam-do PB JB Jeollabuk-do JG Jagang-do JJ Jeju-do JN Jeollanam-do PN PB Pyeonganbuk-do PN Pyeongannam-do YG Yanggang-do HWB HWN GW East Sea GG GB (Ulleung-do) CB CN GB

JB GN JN

JJ South Sea Insect Fauna of Korea

Volume 12, Number 1 Arthropoda: Insecta: Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea Pleurosticti

2011

National Institute of Biological Resources Ministry of Environment

Insect Fauna of Korea

Volume 12, Number 1 Arthropoda: Insecta: Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea Pleurosticti

Jin Ill Kim Sungshin Women’s University Copyright ⓒ 2011 by the National Institute of Biological Resources

Published by the National Institute of Biological Resources Environmental Research Complex, Gyeongseo-dong, Seo-gu 404-708, Republic of Korea www.nibr.go.kr

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the National Institute of Biological Resources.

ISBN : 9788994555447-96470 Government Publications Registration Number 11-1480592-000145-01

Printed by Junghaengsa, Inc. in Korea on acid-free paper

Publisher : Chong-chun Kim Project Staff : Hong-Yul Seo, Ye Eun, Joo-Lae Cho

Published on February 28, 2011

The Flora and Fauna of Korea logo was designed to represent six major target groups of the project including vertebrates, invertebrates, , algae, fungi, and bacteria. The book cover and the logo were designed by Jee-Yeon Koo. Preface

Biological resources are important elements encompassing organisms, genetic resources, and parts of organisms which provide potential values essential for human lives. The creation of high-valued products such as new varieties of organisms, new substances, and the development of new drugs by harnessing biological resources is now widely perceived to be one of the major indices of national competitiveness. In the wake of the “Convention of Biological Diversity”, which was adopted in 1992 in recognition of national sovereignty over indigenous biological and genetic resources, all the countries of the world are now concerting their efforts on the discovery of original materials for the bio-industry, initiating international competition in the 21st century. Competition among countries for biological resources is now entering an intense phase following the adoption of the ABS (Access to genetic resources and Benefit-Sharing) international regime in Nagoya in 2010. For this reason, the National Institute of Biological Resources of the Korean Ministry of Environment recognizes the preservation and management of the biological resources in Korea for the bio-industry as a first priority project for the future, and has begun publication of Flora and Fauna of Korea for the systematic preservation and efficient management of our biological resources. Korea has been acclaimed as a country with a high level of biological diversity, the total number of described in Korea to date being about 37,000. Beginning in 2006, the National Institute of Biological Resources embarked on the publication of Flora and Fauna of Korea which, containing comprehensive and diverse information on our invaluable native species, has become the standard textbook of native species. The systematic survey of diverse taxa in all parts of Korea led by a group of professionals in the field of over the past four years has finally come to fruition and culminated in the appearance of 16 monographs in the 2010 volumes of Flora and Fauna of Korea encompassing 1,037 species in 158 families belonging to 9 phyla, along with further volumes of Flora and Fauna of Korea encompassing 1,163 species in 112 families belonging to 7 phyla due to appear this year. This is the first volume of Flora and Fauna of Korea in which a taxon of organisms of the Korean Peninsula is extensively treated at the level of species. Flora and Fauna of Korea will contribute to raising the standard of Korean taxonomy and improve pride in the management of our biological resources through enhanced understanding of the true nature of our native species. In addition, I am confident that the ongoing publication of Flora and Fauna of Korea will significantly contribute to paving the way for sustainable, wise use of biological resources. I would like to express my sincerest gratitude to Professor Jin Ill Kim, Sungshin Women’s Univer- sity, who is responsible for writing this publication of Flora and Fauna of Korea. This series will play a pivotal role in the census of native Korean species, which are estimated to number 100,000. By promoting innovative and taxonomic research for the identification of the totality of native Korean species and by continuously publishing such results in Flora and Fauna of Korea, I sincerely hope that a valuable foundation will be laid for the sustainable use of our national biological resources through the extensive research, development and for their profitable use by a prosperous bio-industry in the creation of high-valued products such as natural products, medicines, cosmetics and essential supple- ments in our country.

Chong-chun Kim, Ph. D. President NIBR 1

Contents

List of Taxa 3 Introduction 8 Materials and Methods 10 Taxonomic Notes 25 Family Cetoniidae Leach 27 1. Scriba 29 2. Nipponovalgus Sawada 30 3. Le Peletier and Serville 32 4. Le Peletier and Serville 34 5. Trichius Fabricius 35 6. Dicronocephalus Hope 39 7. Rhomborhina Hope 41 8. Pseudotorrynorrhina Miksi´ˇ c 41 9. Fabricius 44 10. Burmeister 46 11. Anthracophora Burmeister 53 12. Burmeister 55 13. Burmeister 56 14. Clinterocera Motschulsky 59 Family Rutelidae MacLeay 61 15. Dejean 62 16. Westwood 66 17. Dejean 68 18. Proagopertha Reitter 76 19. Phyllopertha Stephens 77 20. Kirby 80 21. Callistethus Burmeister 88 22. Blitopertha Reitter 90 23. Samuelle 95 24. Bifurcanomala Kim 113 25. Chejuanomala Kim 114 Family Dynastidae MacLeay 115 26. Arrow 116 27. Eophileurus Arrow 118 28. Hope 120 Family Melolonthidae Leach 121 29. Ectinohoplia Redtenbacher 123 30. Illiger 125 2 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

31. Kirby 130 32. Brahmina Blanchardt 133 33. Lasiopsis Erichson 136 34. Pseudosymmchia Dalla Torre 138 35. Miridiba Reitter 140 36. Sophrops Fairmaire 141 37. Hope 144 38. Heptophylla Motschulsky 156 39. Hilyotrogus Fairmaire 157 40. Harris 160 41. Fabricius 161 42. Gastroserica Brenske 166 43. Paraserica Reitter 167 44. Mulsant 168 45. Sericania Motschulsky 188 46. Nomura 193 47. MacLeay 196 Literature Cited 202 Plates 214 Index to Korean Names 244 Index to Korean Names as Pronounced 247 Index to Scientific Names 250 3

List of Taxa

Class Insecta Order Coleoptera Scarabaeoidea Latreille, 1802 Pleurosticti Family Cetoniidae Leach, 1815 Subfamily Valginae Mulsant, 1842 Valgus Scriba, 1790 Valgus koreanus Sawada, 1944 Genus Nipponovalgus Sawada, 1941 Nipponovalgus angusticollis (Waterhouse), 1875 Subfamily Trichiinae Fleming, 1821 Genus Osmoderma Le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau and Serville, 1828 Osmoderma opicum Lewis, 1887 Genus Gnorimus Le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau and Serville, 1828 Gnorimus subopacus Motschulsky, 1860 Genus Lasiotrichius Reitter, 1899 Lasiotrichius succinctus (Pallas), 1781 Subfamily Cetoniinae Leach, 1815 Tribe Phaedimini Schoch, 1894 Genus Dicranocephalus Hope, 1831 Dicronocephalus adamsi Pascoe, 1863 Tribe Coryphocerina Burmeister, 1842 Genus Rhomborrhina Hope, 1837 Rhomborrhina polita Waterhouse, 1875 Genus Pseudotorynorrhina Miksi´ˇ c, 1974 Pseudotorynorrhina japonica (Hope), 1841 Tribe Leach, 1815 Genus Cetonia Fabricius, 1775 Cetonia pilifera (Motschulsky), 1860 Cetonia pilifera magnifica (Ballion) Genus Protaetia Burmeister, 1842 (Herbst), 1786 Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis (Kolbe), 1886 Protaetia famelica scheini (Miksi´ˇ c), 1959 Protaetia mandschuriensis (Schürhoff), 1933 Protaetia orientalis submarmorea (Burmeister), 1842 Genus Anthracophora Burmeister, 1842 Anthracophora rusticola Burmister, 1842 Genus Glycyphana Burmeister, 1842 Glycyphana fulvistemma Motschulsky, 1860 Genus Gametis Burmeister, 1842 Gametis jucunda (Faldermann), 1935 4 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Tribe Burmeister and Schaum, 1841 Genus Clinterocera Motschulsky, 1858 Clinterocera obsoleta (Fairmaire), 1878 Family Rutelidae MacLeay, 1819 Tribe Adoretini Burmeister, 1844 Genus Adoretus Dejean, 1833 Adoretus tenuimaculatus Waterhouse, 1875 Adoretus hirsutus Ohaus, 1914 Tribe MacLeay, 1819 Genus Parastasia Westwood, 1842 Parastasia ferrieri Nonfried, 1895 Tribe Streubel, 1839 Subtribe Popillina Ohaus, 1918 Genus Popillia Dejean, 1821 Popillia flavosellata Fairmaire, 1886 Popillia mutans Newman, 1838 Popillia quadriguttata (Fabricius), 1787 Popillia quadriguttata japonica Newmann Popillia formosana Arrow, 1913 Subtribe Anomalina Streubel, 1839 Genus Proagopertha Reitter, 1903 Proagopertha lucidula (Faldermann), 1935 Genus Phyllopertha Stephens, 1830 Phyllopertha diversa Waterhouse, 1875 (Linné), 1758 Genus Mimela Kirby, 1823 Mimela fusania Bates, 1888 Mimela splendens (Gyllenhal), 1817 Mimela holosericea (Fabricius), 1787 Mimela testaceipes (Motschulsky), 1860 Mimela pekinensis coreana Machatschke, 1952 Mimela costata (Hope), 1839 Genus Callistethus Blanchard, 1851 Callistethus plagiicollis (Fairmaire), 1886 Genus Blitopertha Reitter, 1903 Blitopertha conspurcata (Harold), 1878 Blitopertha pallidipennis Reitter, 1903 Blitopertha orientalis (Waterhouse), 1875 Genus Anomala Samuelle, 1819 Anomala sieversi Heyden, 1887 Anomala albopilosa Hope, 1839 Anomala japonica Arrow, 1913 Anomala mongolica (Faldermann), 1835 Anomala geniculata (Motschulsky), 1866 Anomala chamaeleon Fairmaire, 1887 List of Taxa 5

Anomala rufocuprea Motschulsky, 1860 Anomala koreana Kim, 1997 Anomala luculenta Erichson, 1847 Anomala corpulenta Motschulsky, 1853 Anomala ignicolor Reitter, 1903 Anomala ogloblini S. Medvedev, 1949 Anomala cuprea Hope, 1839 Genus Bifurcanomala Kim, 1998b Bifurcanomala aulax (Wiedemann), 1923 Genus Chejuanomala Kim, 1998b Chejuanomala quelparta (Okamoto), 1924 Family Dynastidae MacLeay, 1819 Tribe Dynastini MacLeay, 1819 Genus Allomyrina Arrow, 1911 Allomyrina dichotoma (Linné), 1771 Tribe Phileurini Burmeister, 1847 Genus Eophileurus Arrow, 1908 Eophileurus chinensis (Faldermann), 1835 Tribe Mulsant, 1842 Genus Pentodon Hope, 1837 Pentodon quadridens (Gebler), 1845 Family Melolonthidae Leach in Samouelle, 1819 Subfamily Hoplinae Latreille, 1829 Genus Ectinohoplia Redtenbacher, 1868 Ectinohoplia rufipes (Motschulsky), 1860 Genus Hoplia Illiger, 1803 Hoplia aureola (Pallas), 1871 Hoplia djukini Jacobson, 1914 Hoplia koreana Moser Subfamily Leach in Samouelle, 1819 Tribe Rhizotrogini Burmeister, 1855 Genus Apogonia Kirby, 1818 Apogonia cribricollis Burmeister, 1855 Apogonia cupreoviridis Kolbe, 1886 Genus Brahmina Blanchardt, 1850 Brahmina rubetra faldermanni (Murayama), 1954 Brahmina intermedia (Mannerheim), 1849 Brahmina darcis Reitter, 1902 Brahmina crenicollis (Motschulsky) Genus Lasiopsis Erichson, 1848 Lasiopsis sahlbergi (Mannerheim), 1949 Lasiopsis manchuricus Murayama, 1941 Genus Pseudosymmchia Dalla Torre, 1913 Pseudosymmchia impressifrons (Fairmaire), 1887 6 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Genus Miridiba Reitter, 1902 Miridiba castanea (Waterhouse), 1875 Genus Sophrops Fairmaire, 1887 Sophrops heydeni (Brenske), 1982 Sophrops striata (Brenske), 1892 Genus Holotrichia Hope, 1837 Holotrichia niponensis (Lewis), 1985 Holotrichia parallela (Motschulsky), 1854 Holotrichia koraiensis Murayama, 1937a Holotrichia picea (Waterhouse), 1875 Holotrichia ernesti Reitter, 1902 Holotrichia diomphalia (Bates), 1888 Holotrichia oblita (Faldermann), 1835 Holotrichia reticulata Murayama, 1941 Genus Heptophylla Motschulsky, 1858 Heptophylla picea Motschulsky, 1857 Genus Hilyotrogus Fairmaire 1886 Hilyotrogus bicoloreus (Heyden), 1887 Holotrichia kiotoensis Brenske Holotrichia sichotana Brenske Tribe Leach in Samouelle, 1819 Genus Polyphylla Harris, 1841 Polyphylla laticollis manchurica Semenov, 1900 Genus Melolontha Fabricius, 1775 Melolontha incana (Motschulsky), 1853 Melolontha insulana (Moser), 1918 Subfamily Sericinae Kirby, 1837 Genus Gastroserica Brenske, 1897b Gastroserica herzi (Heyden), 1887 Genus Paraserica Reitter, 1896 Paraserica grisea (Motschulsky), 1866 Genus Maladera Mulsant and Rey, 1871 Maladera holosericea (Scopoli), 1772 Maladera coreana Kim and Kim, 2003 Maladera verticalis (Fairmaire), 1888 koreana Kim and Kim, 2003 Maladera ovatula (Fairmaire), 1891 Maladera aureola (Murayama), 1938 Maladera renardi (Ballion), 1870 Maladera schoenfeldti (Murayama), 1937 Maladera gibbiventris (Brenske), 1897 Maladera infuscata (Moser), 1915 Maladera fusania (Murayama), 1934 Maladera opaciventris (Moser), 1915 Maladera orientalis (Motschulsky), 1857 List of Taxa 7

Maladera cariniceps (Moser), 1915 Genus Sericania Motschulsky, 1860 Sericania fuscolineata Motschulsky, 1860 Sericania latisulcata Murayama, 1941 Sericania koryoensis Murayama, 1935 Sericania yamauchii Sawada, 1938 Genus Nipponoserica Nomura, 1973 Nipponoserica elliptica (Murayama), 1938 Nipponoserica opacicarina Kim and Kim, 2003 Genus Serica MacLeay, 1819 Serica fulvopubens (Reitter), 1986 Serica lutea Kim and Kim, 2003 Serica septentrionalis Murayama, 1935 Serica hirsuta Kim and Kim, 2003 8

Introduction

The antennae of the adults characterize (Pung-deng-i-sang-gwa) (Insecta: Coleop- tera: Scarabaeoidea). Specifically, the antennae have terminal club composed of three to seven anten- nomeres that are lamellate and fold together asymmetrically. This characteristic was so diagnostic for the group that the word lamellate was used to form the name Lamellicornia, which is still some- times used as a common name for scarab beetles. Scarab beetles generally have chitinous and well- developed mandibles, has and their mouthparts have fine comb-like structures suitable for trapping and consuming fluids. The legs are often equipped with spines or spurs to aid digging and the tarsi have a 5-5-5 tarsal formula. The hind wings are usually well developed, but lacked in many sand dwelling species. Some species of Lucanidae and Passalidae do not have obvious antennal lamella. On the other hand, some species of Hydrophilidae () and Gyrinidae (Cara- boidea) appear to have a weakly lamellate antennal club. But the former have longer maxillary palpi than antennae and the latter have the compound eye divided into an upper and lower section. Scarabaeoidea is one of the largest taxonomic groups with approximately 2,500 genera 35,000 species worldwide, which follows in diversity the beetle superfamilies Curculionoidea, Staphy- linoidea and . Using the classification of Lawrence and Newton (1995), the series Scarabaeoiformia Crowson, 1960 has only a single superfamily Scarabaeoidea. Ninety percent of species in this group belongs to a family , which is a very large family that includes groups with very different morphology and habits. In past generations, some authors used a method of dividing scarabs using the location of abdominal spiracles. Taxa with spiracles located in pleural membrane were called Laparosticti (Cheuk-gi-mun-ryu), including dung beetles, Geotru- pidae, and several other families. Taxa with the spiracles located in the abdominal tergites were called Pleurosticti (Sang-gi-mun-ryu), including mainly phytophagous group as like Melolonthidae (Geom-jeong-pung-deng-i-gwa), Dynastidae (Jang-su-pung-deng-i-gwa), Rutelidae (Pung-deng-i- gwa) and Cetoniidae (Ggot-mu-ji-gwa). The adults of many scarabs are diurnal species visiting flowers, fruits, tree sap or the dung of in the daytime, but many others are nocturnal and are attracted to lights at night. The are called ‘Gum-Beng-I’ in Korea and are characterized by the body being fatty and curved into the form of a C with the legs generally short and the skin very thin and delicate. Generally, the larvae of Lucanidae and many phytophagous scarabs are saprophagous on the decaying matter in the soil, or in the trunk or roots of dead trees. The larvae of and dung beetles are also saprophagous, with many feeding on dung or dead tissue. The larvae of have urogomphi (cerci-like projections), unlike other Scarabaeoidea, but this is a convergent character that cannot be used to determine evolutionary relationships of scarabs. Crowson (1955, 1960) formerly thought that scarabs were derived from the series Staphyliformia, and others have hypo- thesized that they have a common ancestor with Dascillidae (). KEY REFERENCE: Crowson (1955, 1960), Lawrence and Newton (1995), Smith (2006), Smith et al. (2006).

Historical Review of Korean Scarabaeoidea: The first faunistic report on Korean Scarabaeoidea was published by Kolbe (1886) based on the Gottsche collection. These specimens were collected mainly in with some from and Pyeongyang during 1883 and 1884. Kolbe reported a total of 28 species from seven different families Introduction 9

(using current classification). In next year, Heyden (1887) added 14 species, including five Lucani- dae. During that era, other significant contribution came from Bates (1888), Kraatz (1888) and Reitter (1895) and more recently, many authors such as Murayama (1935b, 1937a), Cho (1969), Stebnicka (1980), and Kim (1992, 1993, 2000, 2001) added to the Korean scarabaeoid fauna. The total names listed from Korea consisted of over 400 specific names from 13 families; however, this list contained many errors, synonyms, misidentification and misapplications of names. From the results of a 1979 study, I reported 234 species in 13 families of Korean scarabaeoids (Kim 2000, 2001). In this publi- cation, 113 species of 109 approved and 4 distributional doubtful of pleurosticti scarabaeoids are reported from Korean. Some changes to the taxon list are made from previous reports based on new records, classification changes, and error corrections. KEY REFERENCE: Kolbe (1886), Heyden (1887), Bates (1888), Kraatz (1888), Reitter (1895), Murayama (1935b, 1937a), Cho (1969), Stebnicka (1980), Kim (1992, 1993, 2000, 2001). 10

Materials and Methods

The specimens used in this study are deposited mainly in seven institutional collections: Sungshin Women’s University; Korea University; Ewha Women’s University; Hanseo University and College of Agriculture; Seoul National University; National Academy of Agricultural Science, ; and the Hungarian Natural History Museum. Some synoptic collections were deposited in Yeungnam University, Jeju-do Folklore and Natural History Museum and National Science Museum in . The specimens in the Sungshin’s collection mainly represent recent Korean collecting in 1979-2000, and this institution is a main organization holding Korean Laparosticti. Korea University and Ewha W. University mainly have specimens collected in the 1960s, and represent the more pristine Korean fauna of this time period. Seoul National University and the Agricultural Institute are also impor- tant for Laparosticti collected in pristine habitats. This two institutions and Korea University also house small amounts of specimens collected in the 1930s. Jeju-do Folklore has important collections of the local fauna and the Hungarian samples are very important samples of the North Korean fauna from the years 1970-1995. In this paper on Korean phytophagous scarabs, the research materials include 303 reports contain- ing about 240 references for Korean distributions, and the total observed specimens is 56,457 exam- ples in 4 subfamilies as shown Table 2. The specimens examined for many of the species are too numerous count individually so the data are recorded in lots. The localities of specimens are listed from North or and then into individual provinces (=do), and generally arranged from north to south. If there are too many sites in an administrative district, the place name for the administrative districts or the administrative unit name is used. Following abbreviations are used in this text for depositories and localities. Material depositories: [EWU] Ewha Women’s University, [HNHM] Hungarian Natural History Museum, [HSU] Hanseo University, [ISEA] Institute of Systematics Experimental Zoology (Polish Academy of Science, Krakow), [JM] Folklore and Natural History Museum of Jeju-Do, [KU] Korea University, [NAAS] National Academy of Agricultural Science, [NSM] National Science Museum in Daejeon, [SNU] College of Agriculture, Seoul National University, [SWU] Sungshin Women’s University, [YNU] Yeungnam University. Localities: NK - , SK - South Korea. CB - Chungcheong buk-do, CBN - Chungcheong buk,nam-do, CN - Chungcheong nam-do; GB - Gyeongsang buk-do, GBN - Gyeongsang buk,nam- do, GN - Gyeongsang nam-do; GG - Gyeonggi-do; GS - Gyeonggi-do and Seoul; GW - Gangwon-do; HB - Hamgyeong buk-do, HBN - Hamgyeong buk,nam-do, HN - Hamgyeong nam-do; JB - Jeolla buk-do, JBN - Jeolla buk,nam-do, JN - Jeolla nam-do; JG - Jagang-do; JJ - Jeju-do; PB - Pyeong-an buk- do, PBN - Pyeong-an buk,nam-do, PN - Pyeong-an nam-do; PS - Pyeongseong-do; PY - Pyeongyang; SE - Seoul; WB - Hwanghae buk-do, WH - Hwanghae-do, WN - Hwanghae nam-do; YG - Yanggang- do. R - Riverside, Temp - Temple; -C =city, -G= gun, -d=dong, -m=myeon; ex=examples, st=sites. World distribution: arranged from a western to eastern direction by country or regional name, i.e. from Africa or to Japan or New World.

Used Anatomical Terminology Some anatomical terms for Scarabaeoidea have not been standardized (especially those of the aedeagus). Anatomical terms used in this text are as follows. Head: clypeus, clypeal suture, frons, vertex, gena, occiput, compound eye, ocular canthus, Materials and Methods 11 mandible and internal teeth, maxilla, maxillary palpi, labrum, labial palpi, mentum, horn, tubercle; Antennae: antennomeres, antennal club, stalk, scape (1st antennomere of stalk), pedicel or stalk, antennomere, antennal socket. Thorax: pronotum, scutellum (=mesonotum), metathorax; episternum, pro-/meso-/metasternum mesosternal process; epimeron, Meso-/metaepimeron; anterior/lateral/posterior rim or ridge, anterior/posterior angle, anterior/lateral/posterior margin; sternal projection; Wings: elytra, elytral suture, elytral shoulder (=humeral angle, elytral humerus), interstices, striae, costal ridge, costal membrane, hind wings, vein; Legs: coxa, trochanter, femur, pro-/meso-/metatibia; tarsi, pro-/meso- /metatarsomere, first protarsomere, first metatarsi; coxal socket, claw and internal tooth, protibial external teeth, upper/lower tibial spur, 1st metatarsi. Abdomen: abdominal tergite, abdominal sternite, last abdominal sternite, segmental suture, propygidium, pygidium. Aedeagus: basal piece, median piece, paramere, internal/external lobe, upper/lower lobe, ejaculator. Others: bristle, carina, convex, concavity (concave), fovea, groove, setae, protuberance, pubes- cence, punctures, ridge, scaly setae, setae, tubercles, etc. Abbreviations: Pung-Deng-I →P-D-I or p-d-i; Body length →BL (mm), Body width →BW (mm); Male →♂, Female →♀; Aedeagus →Ad, Paramere →P, Length ratio of Basal piece: Median piece: Paramere →LPMB . The complete references for the four subfamilies are not given within the lists due to the high number of duplicate records. 12 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Table 1. Species names of Scarabaeoidea Pleurosticti recorded from Korea (2009). Reported generic names Specific names 1 1 Valgus Dasyvalgus Nipponovalgus angusticollis Valgus koreanus 2 Valgus Chromovalgus Charitovalgus fumosus 3 Valgus pictus fumosus 4 5 5 Osmoderma barnabita 6 6 Osmoderma caeleste 7 Osmoderma apica 8 7 Osmoderma opicum 9 Gnorimus subopacus 10 8 Gnorimus subopacus/subcostatus 11 Trichius Lasiotrichius succinctus 12 10 Trichius abdominalis 13 11 Paratrichius Gnorimus septemdecimguttatus 14 12 Dicronocephalus adamsi 15 13 Rhomborhina Torynorhina polita 16 14 Rhomborhina Torynorhina japonica/coreana 17 Rhomborhina unicolor 18 Rhomborhina nigra 19 15 Dasyvalgus Rhomborhina japonica 20 16 Glycyphana Cetonia (Eucetonia) 17 Eucetonia Chromovalgus pilifera 21 pilifera pilifera 22 pilifera magnifica 23 aurata var. viridiopaca 24 aurata var. cupreola 25 aurata var. pilifera 26 magnifica 27 roelofsi 28 viridiopaca 29 Potosia (Potosia) metallica daurica 30 Cetonia seulensis 31 18 Glycyphana cupreola 32 19 Protaetia lugubris 33 20 Potosia (Liocola) Nectosia (Liocola) lugubris orientalis 34 Cetonia seulensis 35 16 Cetonia 22 Liocola Potosia (Liocola) 18 Protaetia brevitarsis 36 23 Nectosia (Liocola) 23 Pachnotosia Protaetia Liocola brevitarsis seulensis 37 Liocola brevitarsis viridis 38 22 Liocola Protaetia Cetonia speculifera 39 19 Protaetia cataphracta 40 Protaetia pryeri 41 Materials and Methods 13

Table 1. Continued. Reported generic names Specific names Potosia famelica/amurensis 42 Potosia amurensis 43 Potosia (Potosia) Protaetia Nectosia (Potosia) famelica 44 Protaetia famelica scheini 45 Protaetia mandschuriensis 46 Cetonia Potosia (Calopotosia) submarmorea 47 Protaetia orientalis submarmorea 48 Potosia Potosia (Calopotosia) aerata 49 Protaetia orientalis 50 Protaetia ishigakia 51 Protaetia lewisi 52 24 Anthracophora 25 Poecillophilides rusticola 53 26 Glycyphana fulvistemma 54 Glycyphana kuperi 55 Glycyphana albosetosa 56 Glycyphana argyroticta 57 Glycyphana 27 Oxycetonia 28 Gametis jucunda 58 27 Oxycetonia jucunda ferruginosa Oxycetonia jucunda borealis Oxycetonia jucunda dolens Oxycetonia jucunda bealiae Oxycetonia jucunda kuperi Oxycetonia jucunda albosetosa Oxycetonia jucunda argyrosticta 29 Clinterocera 30 Callynomes obsoleta 59 Clinterocera mandarina 60 Cetoniidae 30 genera 60 sp. names+10 ssp. names 1 Parastasia ferrieri 1 2 Ohkubous ferrieri quadridentatus 2 3 Adoretus falciungulatus 3 Adoretus hirsutus 4 5 Adoretus tenuimaculatus 6 Adoretus umbrosus tenuimaculatus 7 4 Popillia/Popilia atroco(a)erulea 8 Popillia/Popilia atrocoerulea atra Popillia/Popilia atrocoerulea biplagiata Popillia/Popilia atrocoerulea loczyi Popillia/Popilia coerulea 9 Popillia adamas 10 14 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Table 1. Continued. Reported generic names Specific names Popillia flavosellata 11 5 Popilia/Popillia bogdanowi 12 Popillia chinensis/sordida 13 Popillia formosana 14 Popilia/Popillia indigonacea 15 Popillia/Popilia mutans 16 Popillia/Popilia mutans indigonacea Popilia/Popillia japonica/bogdanowi 17 Popillia quadriguttata 18 Popillia quadrig. quadriguttata Popillia quadriguttata japonica Popillia pallipennis 19 Popillia quelpartiana 20 Popillia ruficollis 21 Popillia uchidai 22 6 Proagopertha 7 Phyllopertha 8 Rhombonyx lucidula 23 Proagopertha Phyllopertha Ph.(Proagopertha) pubicollis 24 9 Phyllopertha diversa 25 Phyllopertha diversa koreana Phyllopertha horticola 26 Phyllopertha intermixta 27 10 Blitopertha Phyllopertha conspu(e)rcata 28 Blitopertha 11 Anomala Blitopertha (Exomala) Phyllopertha orientalis 29 Blitopertha Phyllopertha Blitopertha (Exomala) pallidipennis/nigrata 30 12 Mimela chinensis 31 Mimela concolor 32 Mimela coreana Niijima and K. 33 Mimela Anomala costata 34 Mimela Anomala difficilis 35 Mimela flavilabris 36 Mimela fusania 37 Mimela Anomala Rhombonyx holosericeus 38 Mimela lucidula 39 Mimela lucidula gaschkewitschi Mimela lucidula coruscus Mimela Mim.(Paramimela) pekinensis c(k)oreana 40 Mimela splendens 41 Mimela splendens cyanicollis Mimela splendens corusca Mimela testaceoviridis 42 Mimela Anomala Mim.(Paramimela) Rhombonyx testaceipes 43 Materials and Methods 15

Table 1. Continued. Reporte generic names Specific names 11 Anomala testaceipes ochroptera 8 Rhombonyx testaceipes ussuriensis 12 Spilota Anomala Anomala (Spilota) A. (Anomala) plagiicollis 44 13 Callistethus plagiicollis 14 Anomala (Paraspilota) A. (Anomala) Anomala (Spilota) impicta 45 Anomala (Spilota) plagiicollis impicta 46 Anomala A. (Euchoronomala) albopilosa 47 Anomala Anomala (Emphalena) chamaeleon 48 Anomala corpulenta 49 Anomala corrugata 50 Anomala A. (Anomala) A. (Idiocnema) costifera 51 Anomala 14 Euchlora A. (Euchoronomala) A. (Aprosterna) cuprea 52 Anomala daimiana 53 Anomala daurica rufofemorata 54 Anomala dubia 55 Anomala geniculata 56 Anomala gottschei 57 Anomala ignicolor 58 Anomala japonica 59 Anomala koreana 60 Anomala luculenta 61 Anomala luculenta cuprea Anomala luculenta purpurea Anomala luculenta smaragdina Anomala lucens 62 Anomala A. (Euchlora) A. (Euchoronomala) mongolica 63 Anomala A. (Aprosterna) motschulskyi 64 Anomala motsch. viridicuprea Anomala Heteroplia multistriata 65 Anomala octiescostata 66 Anomala A. (Chrysoplethisa) A. (Phyllopertha) octocostata 67 Anomala (Anomala) ogloblini 68 Anomala orientalis 69 Anomala Anomala (Anomala) pleurimago 70 Anomala Anomala (Anomala) polyanor 71 Anomala puncticollis 72 Anomala rufocuprea 73 Anomala schoenfeldti 74 Anomala Phyllopertha A. (Euporomala) sieversi 75 Anomala sieversi atrocoerulea Anomala sieversi octocostata 16 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Table 1. Continued. Reported generic names Specific names Anomala sieversi subpurpurea Anomala A. (Idiocnema) spiloptera 76 Anomala A. (Euchlora) A.(Euchoronomala) viridana 77 15 Euchlora cuprea viridana 78 16 Bifurcanomala Anomala aulax 79 17 Chejuanomala Anomala quelparta 80 Rutelidae 17 genera 80 names+20 ssp. Names 3 Allomyrina Trypoxylus dichotoma 1 5 Eophileurus chinensis 2 Phileurus morio 3 6 Pentodon quadridens 4 7 rhinoceros 5 Dynastidae 7 genera 5 names 1 Ectinohoplia Hoplia rufipes 1 Ectinohoplia obducta 2 2 Hoplia 12-punctata 3 Hoplia H. (Euchromoplia) aureola/aureula 4 Hoplia Hoplia (Decamera) djukini 5 Hoplia communis 6 Hoplia koreana 7 Hoplia moerens 8 Hoplia squamacea 9 3 Apogonia cribricollis 10 Apogonia amida 11 Apogonia chinensis 12 Apogonia cupreoviridis 13 Apogonia cupreoviridis fusania 14 Apogonia nigroolivacea 15 4 Brahmina rubetra/faldermanni 16 Brahmina faldermanni 17 Brahmina intermedia/sibirica 18 Brahmina darcis 19 Brahmina crenicollis 20 Brahmina excisiceps 21 5 farinosus 22 6 Lasiopsis sahlbergi 23 Lasiopsis formosanus 24 Lasiopsis manchuricus 25 7 Pseudosymmchia 8 Metabolus impressifrons 26 9 10 Holotrichia 11 L. (Holotrichia) Lachnosterna niponicus 27 Materials and Methods 17

Table 1. Continued. Reported generic names Specific names 12 Miridiva 13 Miridiba koreana 28 Miridiva coreana 29 Miridiba Holotrichia Holotrich. (Pledina) Miridiva castanea 30 14 Neodontocnema Lachnosterna L.(Holotrichia) Sophrops heydeni 31 Brahmina heydeni 15 Sophrops striata 32 11 Lachnosterna Holotrichia niponensis 33 10 Holotrichia 17 Eotrichia Lachnosterna titanis 34 Lachnosterna Holotrichia parallela 35 Lachnosterna Holotrichia morosa 36 Lachnosterna Holotrichia inelegans 37 Holotrichia koraiensis 38 Lachnosterna Holotrichia picea 39 Holotrichia ernesti 40 Lachnosterna Holotrichia diomphal(r)ia 41 Holotrichia oblita 42 16 Holotrichia Pollaplonyx (Bunbunius) reticulata 43 Holotrichia Lachnosterna kiotoensis 44 Holotrichia sichotana 45 Holotrichia convexopyga 46 Holotrichia novila 47 Lachnosterna Holotrichia picea 48 17 Heptophylla picea 49 18 L.(Holotrichia) Hilyotrogus bicoloreus 50 19 Polyphylla laticollis 51 Polyphylla laticollis manchurica 52 Polyphylla laticollis mandshurica Polyphylla laticollis mandschurica Polyphylla laticollis mandsurica Polyphylla chinensis manchurica 53 20 Melolontha 20 Hoplosternus incana/incanus 54 Melolontha insulana 55 Melolontha frater 56 Melolontha japonica 57 21 Hoplosternus japonicus 58 16 Pollaplonyx flavidus 59 22 Serica Gastroserica 24 Microserica herzi/hertzi 60 25 Paraserica Serica grisea 61 26 Aserica Serica 27 Maladera aureola 62 28 Trichoserica Serica 29 Ophthalmoserica boops 63 Serica brunnea 64 18 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Table 1. Continued. Reported generic names Specific names 30 Autoserica Aserica Serica Maladera cariniceps 65 Autoserica Serica Aserica Maladera castanea 66 Maladera (Aserica) castanea Aserica Serica Maladera (Maladera) fusania 67 Autoserica Serca Aserca Maladera gibbiventris 68 27 Maladera Serica holosericea (h.-rica)69 Maladera coreana 70 Maladera Mal. (Eumaladera) nitidiceps 71 Maladera Serica Aserica verticalis 72 Maladera castanea koreana 73 Autoserica Serica Aserica Maladera infuscata 74 Maladera (Aserica) infuscata Autoserica Aserica Serica Maladera ovatula/ovatura 75 Autoserica Serica Autos. (Maladera) 76 Autoserica Aserica Serica Maladera koreana 77 Maladera Serica renardi 78 Serica Maladera (Aserica) motschulskyi 79 Serica salebrosa 80 Serica Maladera Maladera (Aserica) spissigrada 81 Serica nakayamai 82 Serica formosana 83 Maladera Serica schoenfeldti 84 Maladera Serica Aserica Maladera secreta 85 Aserica Serica Maladera okamotoi 86 Aserica Serica Maladera fusania 87 Autoserica Serica Aserica Maladera opaciventris 88 Serica Aserica Maladera orientalis 89 Maladera kamiyai 90 Maladera Serica thibetana 91 Maladera Serica Aserica laboriosa 92 Maladera Serica Aserica stridula 93 Maladera Aserica Autoserica Serica formosae 94 30 Sericania Serica fuscolineata 95 Sericania Serica latisulcata 96 Sericania Serica koryoensis 97 Sericania Serica yamauchii 98 Sericania hasegawai 99 Sericania Maladera kamiyai 100 Sericania angulata 101 Sericania imadatei 102 31 Nipponoserica Serica elliptica 103 Materials and Methods 19

Table 1. Continued. Reported generic names Specific names Nipponoserica opacicarina 104 Nipponoserica Serica similis 105 32 Trichoserica Serica 33 Omaloplia polita 106 Trichoserica fulvopubens 107 Serica lutea 108 Serica Trichoserica septentrionalis 109 Serica hirsuta 110 Serica nakayamai 111 Serica Maladera (Aserica) motschulskyi 112 Ophthalmoserica sawadai 113 Serica Ophthalmoserica formosana 114 Melolonthidae 33 genera 114 names Total: 4 families 87 genera 289 specific and subspecific names 20 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Table 2. Species list of Korean pleurosticti scarabs, with the observed number of specimens, and with doubtful and removed species from the Korean fauna (2009). T st Registrated Species Indiv. Doubtful+Removed sp. 11Valgus koreanus Sawada 25 Valgus hemipterus 22Nipponovalgus angusticollis (Waterhouse) 187 Charitovalgus fumosus 33Osmoderma opicum Lewis 5 Osmoderma barnabita 44Gnorimus subopacus Motschulsky 179 Osmoderma caeleste 55Trichius succinctus (Pallas) 2,597 Osmoderma apica/opicum 66Dicronocephalus adamsi Pascoe 307 Gnorimus subcostatus 77Rhomborhina polita Waterhouse 3 Paratrichius septemdecimguttatus 88Pseudotorynorhina japonica (Hope) 310 Trichius abdominalis 99Cetonia pilifera p./p. magnifica 562 Rhomborhina nigra 10 10 Protaetia lugubris (Herbst) 21 Rhombonyx ussuriensis 11 11 Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis (Kolbe) 472 Torynorhyna unicolor 12 12 Protaetia famelica scheini (Miksi´ˇ c) 97 Cetonia roelofsi 13 13 Protaetia mandschuriensis (Schürhoff) 91 Cetonia viridiopaca 14 14 P. orientalis submarmorea (Burmeister) 745 viridiopaca 15 15 Anthracophora rusticola Burmister 539 Cetonia/(Potosia) metallica dauria 16 16 Glycyphana fulvistemma Motschulsky 342 Potosia aerata 17 17 Gametis jucunda (Faldermann) 5,358 Potosia amurensis 18 18 Clinterocera obsoleta Fairmaire 201 Potosia lugubris orientalis Protaetia cataphracta Protaetia cuprea daurica Protaetia ishigakia Protaetia lewisi Protaetia pryeri Protaetia speculifera Liocola speculifera Glycyphana cupreola Glycyphana kuperi Clinterocera mandarina Cetoniidae: 14 gen. 18 spp. 11,627ex. 15 gen. 28 spp. 19 1 Adoretus tenuimaculatus Waterhouse 3,280 Adoretus falciungulatus 20 2 Adoretus hirsutus Ohaus 214 Adoretus sinicus 21 3 Parastasia ferrieri Nonfried 13 Popillia atrocoerulea 22 4 Popillia flavosellata Fairmaire 2,450 Popillia biguttata 23 5 Popillia mutans Newman 2,079 Popillia chinensis 24 6 Popillia quadriguttata (Fabricius) 875 Popillia indigonacea 25 7 Popillia formosana Arrow 19 Popillia quelpartiana 26 8 Proagopertha lucidula (Faldermann) 236 Popillia uchidai 27 9 Phyllopertha diversa Waterhouse 557 Popilia adamas 28 10 Phyllopertha horticola (Linné) 3 Proagopertha pubicollis Materials and Methods 21

Table 2. Continued. T st Registrated Species Indiv. Doubtful+Removed sp. 29 11 Mimela fusania Bates 732 Phyllopertha intermixta 30 12 Mimela splendens (Gyllenhal) 1,787 Phyllopertha octiescostata 31 13 Mimela holosericea (Fabricius) 124 Mimela chinensis 32 14 Mimela testaceipes (Motschulsky) 1,117 Mimela concolor 33 15 M. pekinensis coreana Machatschke 0 Mimela coreana 34 16 Mimela costata (Hope) 1 Mimela costata 35 17 Callistethus plagiicollis (Fairmaire) 1,057 Mimela difficilis 36 18 Blitopertha conspurcata (Harold) 1,464 Mimela flavilabris 37 19 Blitopertha pallidipennis Reitter 2,686 Mimela testaceoviridis 38 20 Blitopertha orientalis (Waterhouse) 439 Anomala corrugata 39 21 Anomala sieversi Heyden 1,175 Anomala costifera 40 22 Anomala albopilosa Hope 835 Anomala cuprea 41 23 Anomala japonica Arrow 130 Anomala daimiana 42 24 Anomala mongolica (Faldermann) 1,057 Anomala daurica rufofemorata 43 25 Anomala geniculata (Motschulsky) 1 Anomala lucens 44 26 Anomala chamaeleon Fairmaire 3,941 Anomala motschulskyi 45 27 Anomala rufocuprea Motschulsky 362 Anomala multistriata 46 28 Anomala koreana Kim 25 Anomala orientalis 47 29 Anomala luculenta Erichson 684 Anomala pleurimago 48 30 Anomala corpulenta Motschulsky 1,033 Anomala polyanor 49 31 Anomala ignicolor Reitter 1 Anomala puncticollis 50 32 Anomala ogloblini S. Medvedev 0 Anomala schoenfeldti 51 33 Anomala cuprea Hope 0 Anomala spiloptera 52 34 Bifurcanomala aulax (Wiedemann) 781 Anomala viridana 53 35 Chejuanomala quelparta (Okamoto) 138 Rutelidae: 11 gen. 35 spp. 29,297ex 6 gen. 34 spp. 54 1 Allomyrina dichotoma (Linné) 51 Oryctes rhinoceros 55 2 Eophileurus chinensis (Faldermann) 72 Phileurus morio 56 3 Pentodon quadridens (Gebler) 6 Dynastidae: 3 gen. 3 spp. 129ex 2 gen. 2 spp. 57 1 Ectinohoplia rufipes (Motschulsky) 774 Ectinohoplia obducta 58 2 Hoplia aureola (Pallas) 243 Hoplia communis 59 3 Hoplia (D.) djukini Jacobson 0 Hoplia moerens xxHoplia koreana: no given species number Hoplia squamacea 60 4 Apogonia cribricollis Burmeister 64 Apogonia amida 61 5 Apogonia cupreoviridis Kolbe 544 Apogonia chinensis 62 6 Brahmina rubetra faldermanni (Muray.) 51 Apogonia nigroolivacea 63 7 Brahmina intermedia (Mannerheim) 0 Brahmina crenicollis 64 8 Brahmina darcis Reitter 0 Brahmina excissiceps xxBrahmina crenicollis: no given species number 22 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Table 2. Continued. T st Registrated Species Indiv. Doubtful+Removed sp. 65 9 Lasiopsis sahlbergi (Mannerheim) 12 66 10 Lasiopsis manchuricus Murayama 0 67 11 Pseudosymmchia impressifrons (Fairmaire) 847 Cyphochilus farinosus 68 12 Miridiba castanea (Waterhouse) 3 69 13 Sophrops heydeni (Brenske) 153 70 14 Sophrops striata (Brenske) 962 71 15 Holotrichia niponensis (Lewis) 216 Holotrichia convexopyga 72 16 Holotrichia parallela (Motschulsky) 1,228 Holotrichia kiotoensis 73 17 Holotrichia koraiensis Murayama 57 Holotrichia morosa 74 18 Holotrichia picea (Waterhouse) 23 Holotrichia novila 75 19 Holotrichia ernesti Reitter 24 Holotrichia sichotana 76 20 Holotrichia diomphalia (Bates) 2,456 77 21 Holotrichia oblita (Faldermann) 2 78 22 Holotrichia reticulata Murayama 20 xxHolotrichia kiotoensis: no given species number xxHolotrichia sichotana: no given species number 79 23 Heptophylla picea Motschulsky 12 80 24 Hilyotrogus bicoloreus (Heyden) 507 81 25 Polyphylla laticollis manchurica Semenov 73 Polyphylla chinensis 82 26 Melolontha incana (Motschulsky) 458 Melolontha frater 83 27 Melolontha insulana (Moser) 1 Melolontha japonica 84 28 Gastroserica herzi (Heyden) 1,604 85 29 Paraserica grisea (Motschulsky) 0 Pollaplonyx flavidus 86 30 Maladera holosericea (Scopoli) 149 Maladera formosae 87 31 Maladera coreana Kim and Kim 19 Maladera japonica 88 32 Maladera verticalis (Fairmaire) 943 Maladera laboriosa 89 33 M. castanea koreana Kim and Kim 53 Maladera motschulskyi 90 34 Maladera ovatula (Fairmaire) 161 Maladera nitidiceps 91 35 Maladera aureola (Murayama) 17 Maladera okamotoi 92 36 Maladera renardi (Ballion) 71 Maladera secreta 93 37 Maladera schoenfeldti (Murayama) 88 Maladera similis 94 38 Maladera gibbiventris (Brenske) 146 Maladera stridula 95 39 Maladera infuscata (Moser) 121 Maladera thibetana 96 40 Maladera fusania (Murayama) 805 Ophthalmoserica sawadai 97 41 Maladera opaciventris (Moser) 0 98 42 Maladera orientalis (Motschulsky) 954 99 43 Maladera cariniceps (Moser) 577 100 44 Sericania fuscolineata Motschulsky 525 Sericania angulata 101 45 Sericania latisulcata Murayama 8 Sericania hasegawai 102 46 Sericania koryoensis Murayama 105 Sericania imadatei 103 47 Sericania yamauchii Sawada 35 Sericania kamiyai Materials and Methods 23

Table 2. Continued. T st Registrated Species Indiv. Doubtful+Removed sp. 104 48 Nipponoserica elliptica (Murayama) 40 Nipponoserica similis 105 49 Nipponoserica opacicarina Kim and Kim 22 Serica boops 106 50 Serica polita (Gebler) 172 Serica brunnea 107 51 Serica lutea Kim and Kim 2 Serica formosana 108 52 Serica septentrionalis Murayama 0 Serica koreana 109 53 Serica hirsuta Kim and Kim 53 Serica sawadai Melolonthidae: 17 gen. 53 spp. 15,404ex 14 gen. 41 spp 4 families 45 genera 119+4 species 56,457 individuals Total and with doubtful sp. and removed sp. names 104 (37 genera)

*T: species total of 4 subfamilies, st: subtotal of each subfamily. X: no counted Korean species.

25

Taxonomic Notes

Class Insecta Gon-chung-gang (곤충강)

Order Coleoptera Ddak-jeong-beol-re-mok (딱정벌레목)

Scarabaeoidea Latreille, 1802: 144. Pung-deng-i-sang-gwa (풍뎅이상과)

Abdominal sternite: 5-6 segments visible, basal part of first segment unbroken behind hind coxal socket. Antennae: have antennal club consisting of the apical 3 to 7 antennomeres, which are elongate to lamellate (like the teeth of a comb). Legs: generally modified for digging, tarsal formula 5-5-5 (with the exception of some species with rudimental protarsi). Larvae: fatty body, curved in C-form, with very thin epidermis and generally with short legs.

FAMILIES 25 (traditional method) (7 in Korea). SPECIES about 35,000 (about 250 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide in terrestrial habitats.

Key to the Families of Scarabaeoidea

1. Body long, very large and thin. Each antennomere of antennal club not completely flat, each antennomere not neatly folded together ·················································································2 - Body short, very fatty. Each antennomere of antennal club distinctly lamellate, each anten- nomere capable of tightly folding together ·············································································3 2. Antennal scape long, next antennomere directed at a right angle, geniculate in form. Mandibles prominent in most species. Elytral striae not well developed ··································Lucanidae - nearly straight. Mandibles short but thick. Elytral striae well developed ····Passalidae 3. Antennal club with 3 antennomeres. Elytra cover propygidium and sometimes pygidium. Abdominal spiracle located on abdominal membrane between tergite and sternite. Second terminal sternite of abdomen not connected with tergite, not composed in the form of a ring ··· ·····················································································Laparosticti ·····································4 - Antennal club with 3 or more antennomeres. Propygidium exposed frequently. Abdominal spiracle located on abdominal pleurites. Second terminal sternite of abdomen connected well with tergite, sclerite composed the form of a ring ········Pleurosticti ····································10 4. Mandible perpendicular, covered by clypeus. Abdominal sternite with 5 visible segments. Elytra cover pygidium, interstice with well develop, irregular granules and setae. Postepimeron 26 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

divided from coxa ······································································································ - Mandible horizontal, exposed or hidden under clypeus. Abdominal sternite wih 6 visible segments. Elytra without granules. Postepimeron enlarged to coxa······································5 5. Antennae with 8-9 antennomeres. Scutellum usually not visible. Mesocoxa widely separated, metatibiae with a spur. Pygidium exposed··························································Scarabaeidae - Antennae with 9-11 antennomeres. Scutellum well developed. Mesocoxa nearly contiguous, metatibiae with 2 spurs ··········································································································6 6. Mandible and labrum membranous, hidden by clypeus. Antennae with 9 antennomeres. Metatibial spur sharp. Generally small in size ······················································Aphodiidae - Mandible and labrum sclerotized and exposed·······································································7 7. Antennae with 9 antennomeres. Prosternum without lateral ridge. Metatibial spur large. Generally small, live in sand ··················································································Aegialiidae - Antennae with 10-11 antennomeres. Medium to large size generally ····································8 8. Antennae with 11 antennomeres. Elytral striae well developed. Generally large in size··········· ······························································································································Geotrupidae - Antennae with 10 antennomeres ····························································································9 9. Each antennomere of antennal club deeply cupped, outer antennomere smaller than inner one. Postepimeron exposed ························································································· - Each antennomere of antennal club normal, with many setae. Postepimeron not visible at apex. Body with many setae wholly·············································································· 10. Mandible largely lamellate, exposed beyond clypeus, with internal tooth. Metatibiae with 2 spurs ······················································································································Dynastidae - Mandible not exposed, so not visible beyond clypeus···························································11 11. Metatibiae with 2 spurs, two claws asymmetrical. Anterior border of prosternum membranous, or dorsal side covered with dense setae·····································································Rutelidae - Metatibiae without spur, 2 tarsal claws symmetrical·····························································12 12. Clypeus not concaved on each side. Base of metatibial spurs with same position. Each segment of abdominal sternite indistinctly divided ·························································Melolonthinae - Clypeus concave in apical to compound eye, base of antennae visible dorsally. Each segment of abdominal sternite distinctly divided. Anterior margins of elytra largely concave················ ·································································································································Cetoniidae

Pleurosticti Group Sang-gi-mun-ryu (상기문류)

Korean pleurosticti Scarabaeoidea include 87 generic names and 289 specific names in 4 families from Kolbe (1886) to the year 2009 (as shown table 1). In this table, the species Miridiba castanea was recorded in nine different generic or subgeneric names, and Gametis jucunda was reported as four genera and seven subspecies. But valid species names after determining their current genus and remove the synonymies total 214 (as shown table 2). Of these 214 valid species, 101 species were recorded due to misidentifications or other errors, and 4 others are doubtful distributional records for Korea. Therefore, only 113 species (including 4 no given species number) and 2 subspecies in Scarabaeoidea: Cetonidae: Valginae 27

45 genera (see table 2) are treated as valid taxa occurring in Korean for the purposes of this paper. There were 56,457 specimens examined for 99 species, and the most common species was Gametis jucunda with 5,358 specimens examined. Seven species had between 2,000-4,000 specimens examined, while 12 species were represented by less than 10 individuals and no specimens were observed for 10 species shown table 2. KEY REFERENCE: Leach (1815), Mulsant and Rey (1842, 1871), Kolbe (1886), Heyden (1887), Bates (1888), Kraatz (1888), Reitter (1895), Lewis (1895, 1896), Arrow (1913), Nijiima and Kinoshita (1923, 1927), Murayama (1935b, 1937a), Cho (1969), Stebnicka (1980), Kalinina (1989), Kim (1992, 1993, 2000, 2001); Larvae: Murayama (1931), Medvedev (1952), Zhang (1984), Klausnitzer and Krell (1996).

Family Cetoniidae Leach, 1815: 99. Ggot-mu-ji-gwa (꽃무지과)

Cetonida Leach, 1815.

The subfamily Cetoniidae is characterized by the body flattened and brilliantly colored in many species; mouthparts modified for soaking up fluids, with mandibles weakly developed and hidden by clypeus; labrum membranous in most species, not visible in dorsal view of head; antennae with 10 antennomeres, antennal club with 3 antennomeres; elytron with distinct or lacking posthumeral emargination; pygidium exposed, propygidium strongly connected to fifth sternite; procoxae protruding conically downward. In many species, the adults are diurnal and visit flowers for gathering , nectar or feeble petal. The larvae are saprophagous on dead plant tissue in the soil or dead wood with the exception of Cremastochilini, in which the adults and larvae are termitophilous. Kolbe (1886) first reported seven species of Cetoniinae from Korea with Heyden (1887) adding another four species the following year. Kraatz (1888) later reduced some of the species recognized by Kolbe to subspecies. In a case of the Heyden species, some variety names of Cetonia are now considered synonyms of Protaetia species, and the original specimens of C. metallica cannot be located and no other collection data from Korea is known. In my opinion, this species do not occur in Korea. Bates (1888) added two species, but one, Glycyphana kuperi, is now a subspecies name of Gametis jucunda. Much later, Niijima and Kinoshita (1923) added three species including a synonym. More recently, the following authors added 2-4 species each: Murayama (1935), Cho (1969), Stebnicka (1980), Kim (1980, 1994), Kim and Chang (1982). The following authors added single species records: Cho (1934, 1957), Sawada (1937), Cho et al. (1967), Hyun and Woo (1969), Gu (1973). Based on previous research on the genus Cetonia (Kim, 1994), many taxa reported from Korea were based on misidentifications or other errors. The total number of Korean cetoniines included 70 specific names with 46 being valid belonging to a reported 30 genera. However, and the total fauna after detailed study are only 18 species belonging to 14 genera in three tribes. Type genus: Cetonia Fabricius, 1775: 42.

TRIBES 12 in the Palaearctic Region (3 in Korea). GENERA about 515 (14 in Korea), Cetoniinae: 107 (9 in Korea), Trichiinae: 43 (3 in Korea), Valginae: 28 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

33 (2 in Korea). SPECIES about 4,000 (18 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide, with most species tropical and subtropical. KEY REFERENCE: Kolbe (1886), Heyden (1887), Lewis (1887), Bates (1888), Kraatz (1888), Reitter (1898), Nijiima and Kinoshita (1923, 1927), Arrow (1941), Miksi´ˇ c (1976, 1977, 1979, 1982, 1987), Krikken (1977, 1984), Stebnicka (1980), Kim (1980, 1994), Kalinina (1989), Löbl and Smetana (2006), Smetana and Smith (2006), Gorodinsk (2009); Larvae: Murayama (1931), Medvedev (1952), Zhang (1984), Klausnitzer and Krell (1996), Kim et al. (2003).

Key to the tribes of family Cetoniidae

1. Elytron with distinct posthumeral emargination, mesoepimeron visible laterally in dorsal view. Metasternum with well developed protuberance ······················································Cetoniinae - Elytron without distinct posthumeral emargination. Metasternum with weakly developed protuberance····························································································································2 2. Coxae not separated, protibiae with 1-3 external teeth. Propygidium covered with elytra or exposed ······················································································································Trichiinae - Coxae widely separate, protibiae with 3-7 external teeth. Elytron flat, covered with scales. Propygidium widely exposed. Small species of less than 15 mm ·································Valginae

Subfamily Valginae Mulsant, 1842: 519. Nup-jeok-ggot-mu-ji-a-gwa (넓적꽃무지아과)

Vulguaires Mulsant, 1842. Valgaires Mulsant and Rey, 1871: 720. Seidlitz, 1875.

Size small, length 4-10 mm. Dorsal side flat, many species covered with scaly setae. elytra flat, short; propygidium widely exposed; legs with large space between metacoxae, protibiae with 3-7 external teeth. Five species in five genera were recorded from Korea, but only two species are valid. Type genus: Valgus Scriba, 1790: 519.

GENERA 12 in Palaearctic (Gorodinsk, 2009) (2 in Korea). SPECIES 111 in Palaearctic (Gorodinsk, 2009) (2 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide but many species in the Oriental Region. KEY REFERENCE: Sawada (1939, 1941a, 1944), Medvedev (1964), Krikken (1978a), Kobayashi (1983), Kim (2001a); Larvae: Medvedev (1952), Klausnitzer and Krell (1996).

Key to the species of subfamily Valgini

1. Pygidium of female without ovipositor. Protibiae with 7 outer teeth including 3 large terminal teeth. Pronotum narrower than elytron··············genus Nipponovalgus·········Body black, shiny. Dorsal side covered with scaly setae····································································N. angusticollis - Pygidium of female with long, saw-like ovipositor. Protibiae with 5 outer teeth including large Scarabaeoidea: Cetonidae: Valginae 29

1st and 3rd teeth. Clypeus polygonal·················genus Valgus····························Mostly black, but male with yellowish white to brownish white scales, elytra of female nearly brown with irregular patterns composed of greyish white and dark scales···································V. koreanus

Genus Valgus Scriba, 1790: 66. Cham-nup-jeok-ggot-mu-ji-sog (참넓적꽃무지속)

Type Species: hemipterus Linné, 1758: 351.

SPECIES about 20 (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Mostly in Asia, three in , one in Africa. KEY REFERENCE: Sawada (1944), Kim (2001b).

1. Valgus koreanus Sawada, 1944 (Pls. 1-1, 10-1, 17-1) Cham-nup-jeok-ggot-mu-ji (참넓적꽃무지)

Valgus koreanus Sawada, 1944: 12; Kim, 2001b: 143. Valgus hemipterus Linné, 1758: 351 (Scarabaeus) (misidentified): Murayama, 1937a: 36; Sawada, 1939: 82; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 78; Cho, 1957: 301; KZS, 1968: 138 (Ban-nal-gae-ggot-mu-ji); Hyun and Woo, 1969: 194; Nam and Kim, 1983: 129 (misidentification, treated by Kim, 2001b: 143). Chromovalgus fumosus Lewis, 1887: 201 (Valgus) (misidentified): Murayama, 1937a: 36; Sawada, 1939: 90; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 78; Cho, 1957: 301; KZS, 1968: 138 (Keun-nup-jeok-ggot-mu-ji); Won and Choi, 1968: 379; Kim (2001b: 143) discussed the misidentification of this species. Valgus fumosus: Sawada, 1941: 3. Charitovalgus fumosus: Kobayashi, 1983: 2. Valgus pictus fumosus: Sawada, 1941: 3. Valgus sp. 1: Kim, 2001a: 130. TYPE LOCALITY: Korea (Mt. Soyosan).

Body short, wide, flatten dorsally, covered with scaly setae or round scales. Black, female elytra dark brown to black. Legs with 5 outer protibial teeth. Pronotum nearly round, each anterolateral margin round with saw-like teeth; disc with a pairs of anteromedian longitudinal carina straight, very thin. Propygidium exposed, spiracles weakly projected. Male: Head strongly angled downward, unevenly covered with dirty brown to whitish brown, scaly setae. Female: Ovipositor long, straight, sclerized, with some saw-like teeth. Ad: Basal piece very large, larger basally, terminal part round, each dorsal lobe divided deeply. Median piece very small and simple. Paramere very long but thin, narrow, with triangular basal part enlarged; next part curved suddenly; terminal part curved again to hook-like, setose. BL: 7-8 mm (♂). 8-9 mm (♀). BW: At elytral base: 3.6-4.2 (♂), 33.3-4.3 (♀). 30 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

DISTRIBUTION: Korea. KOREA: Central, South. KOREAN RECORDS: GW- , Yeongwol, Mt. Dutasan, GS- Mt. Soyosan, Mt. Myeongjisan, Mt. Chukryeongsan, Mt. Cheonmasan, Gwangneung, Seoul, CBN- Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Okryoobong , JBN- Gochang, Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Baekyangsan. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (25 specimens): [SWU] GW: 4♂♂2♀♀ (Chuncheon Seocheon-ri: 22.iii.1990, Kim); 1♂ (Yeongwol SSangyong: 24.v.1993, Ku); 1♂ (Mt. Dutasan: 26.v.1984, Chang). GS: 1♂3♀♀ (Mt. Myeongjisan: 14.v.1983, Chang); 1♂ (Mt. Chukryeongsan: 14.v.1981, Chang); 1♂ (Mt. Cheon- masan: 14.v.1981, Chang); 1♀ (Seoul An-amdong: 9.v.1990, J.I. Kim); 1♀ (Gwangneung: 9.v.1990, J.I. Kim); 1♀(14.v.1967, Park); 1♀(18.v.1997, Lee). CB: 1♀(Mt. Wolaksan: 19.v.1990, J.I. Kim). CN: 2♀♀ (Mt. Okryoobong Nonsan: 23.v.1997, J.I. Kim). JB: 2♂♂ (Gochang: 21.v.1992, Kim and Oh); 1♂(Mt. Naejangsan: 26.v.1994, K.R. Kim). JN: 1♂(Mt. Baekyangsan Jangseong: 26.v.1994, Hong).

Genus Nipponovalgus Sawada, 1941: 4. Nup-jeok-ggot-mu-ji-sog (넓적꽃무지속)

Sawada (1941) establish this genus based on the seven protibial outer teeth and narrower pronotum than elytra. The genera Nipponovalgus and Dasyvalgus are similar but here treated as separate. Type Species: Valgus angusticollis Waterhouse, 1875: 115.

SPECIES 2 (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Korea, Japan. KEY REFERENCE: Sawada (1941).

2. Nipponovalgus angusticollis (Waterhouse, 1875) (Pls. 1-2, 10-2, 17-2) Nup-jeok-ggot-mu-ji (넓적꽃무지)

Valgus angusticollis Waterhouse, 1875: 115. Dasyvalgus angusticollis: Heyden, 1887: 256; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 199; Okamoto, 1924: 181; Murayama, 1935b: 6; 1937a: 36; Haku, 1937: 121, 1937: 74; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 91; Sawada, 1939: 87; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 78; Cho, 1957: 302; 1963: 221 (Nup-jeok-ggot-mu-ji); KZS, 1968: 138; Cho et al., 1968: 265; Stebnicka, 1980: 287. Nipponovalgus angusticollis: Sawada, 1941: 4; Kim and Kim, 1975b: 256; Kim and Nam, 1982b: 157; 1983: 276; Kim, 1978: 373; Kim, 1993: 66; 2000c: 141, 2001d: 129, 2005: 80, 2006: 37. TYPE LOCALITY: Korea (Jejudo), Japan (all the islands, including Tsusima).

Body short, wide. Dorsal side flat, shiny black, completely covered with yellowish white scales arranged in patterns. Clypeus with concaved anterior margin. Pronotum with 2 longitudinal carina that are wider at posteriorly. Legs with 7 protibial outer teeth, including very small 5th and 7th teeth. Propygidial spiracles long and black. Hind margin of pygidium with a pairs of scaly bundles, Scarabaeoidea: Cetonidae: Trichiinae 31 which are black at internal half and yellowish white at outer half. Male: First metatarsomere long, with length equal to that of 2nd and 3rd metatarsomeres combined. Female: First metatarsomere much shorter than that of male, elytra also very short. Ad: Basal piece very large. Median piece with length equal to a half basal piece; with a very large, round space between thin, well curved right and left lobes. Parameres slightly longer than median piece; with median part formed like a thin band, curved outwardly; terminal part very thin, sharp like a knife, weakly curved inwardly. BL: 4-7 mm. BW: 2-3 mm.

BIOLOGY: Male are diurnal, visit flowers; females stay in the deadwood during the day. DISTRIBUTION: Korea, Japan. KOREA: Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- Bakyeon waterfall GG, SK- GW- Mt. Chiaksan, GS- Mt. Soyosan, Byeokje, Seongchu, Gapyeong-G, -G, Mt. Cheonmasan, Gwangneung, Mt. Yongmunsan, Seoul- C, Mt. Gwangkyosan, Suwon-C, CBN- Mt. Wolaksan, Danyang, Goesan, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Mt. Gayasan, Cheongyang, GB- Munkyeong, Mt. Sobaeksan, Mt. Hwanghaksan, Gumi, Mt. Juwangsan, JBN- , Buan, Gochang, Mt. Naejangsan, Jangseong, , Temp. Hwa-eomsa, Mt. Jogyesan, JJ- Jejudo. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (187 specimens): [SWU] GW: 1ex (Donghae-si: 14.vi.1997). GS: 22ex (Gapyeong-G, Namyangju-G: v-x.1971-1996); 1ex (Yangpyeong: 14.v.2006); 23ex (Seoul-C: iv- vi.1941-1997); 6ex (Suwon-C: v-vi.1989-1997). CBN: 10ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Goesan, Danyang, Mt. Gayasan: v.1984-1997). GB: 7ex (Munkyeong, Mt. Sobaeksan, Mt. Juwangsan, Mt. Hwanghaksan, Gumi: v-vi.1978-1990); 8ex (Uljin-G: 29.v.1999). JBN: 14ex(Jeonju, Buan, Gochang, Mt. Naejangsan, Jangseong, Gwangyang, Temp. Hwa-eomsa: iv-v.1987-1995). [NAAS] GS: 12ex (Mt. Surisan, Seongchu, Mt. Gwangkyosan: v.1975, 1986). CN: 2ex (Cheongyang: 12.v.1997). [SNU] GS: 22ex (Suwon-C: iv-vi.1990-1992). [KU] GW: 1ex (Mt. Chiaksan: 8.vi.1974). GS: 1ex (Seiryori [=Cheong- nyang-ri, Seoul]: 4.v.1934); 2ex [Mt. Namzan (=Mt. Namsan, Seoul): 21.iv.1935]; 50ex (Gapyeong, Seoul, Gwangneung: iv-ix.1960-1989). CN: 1ex (Mt. Gyeryongsan: 26.v.1974). GB: 1ex(Mt. Juwang- san: 5.vi.1989). JN: 1ex (Mt. Jogyesan: 23.v.1988). [HSU] CN: 1ex (Mt. Gayasan: 20.iv.1997). [HNHM - NK] GW: 1ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: 26.v.1985). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 178 specimens →2. x-11.vi. (iv- 13, v- 137, vi- 23, ix- 2, x- 3 specimens).

Subfamily Trichiinae Fleming, 1821: 21. Ho-rang-ggot-mu-ji-a-gwa (호랑꽃무지아과)

Trichiidae Fleming, 1821: 50.

Trichiini is treated as a tribe of Cetoniinae by many authors. Diagnostic characters are as follows: The adults are very various size of 6-65 mm, with mandible sclerized, metaepimeron completely covered by elytra, and with cone-like procoxa protruding. English common names are hairy and -like flower scarab. feed on nectar from many plants. Larvae are sapro- phagous on deadwood. From Korea, 9 species of 3 genera have been recorded, but only 3 species 32 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti records are valid. Type genus: Trichius Fabricius, 1775: 40.

GENERA 43 (8 in the Palearctic Region) (3 in Korea). SPECIES 82 in Palaearctic (Gorodinsk, 2009) (3 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide except and Madagascar. KEY REFERENCE: Krikken (1978, 1984), Kim (2001b), Gusakov (2002), Tauzin (2006). Larvae: Klausnitzer and Krell (1996).

Key to the genera and species of subfamily Trichiinae

1. Protibiae with 3 outer teeth, metatibiae with 2 tooth-shaped projections. Tarsi shorter than tibiae, male protarsi thick, with sharp tubercle at inner side···················genus Osmoderma········Body large, flat, shiny brownish black to reddish violet. Pronotum nearly octagonal; with 2 thick, median, longitudinal carina bordering deep anteromedian concavity·························O. opicum - Protibial outer teeth less than 2, metatibiae with a tooth-shape projection································2 2. First protarsomere weakly curved, longer than tibial spur in male, shorter than tibial spur in female. Dorsal surface thickly covered with long setae ···············genus Trichius ·············Body length shorter than 12 mm, completely covered with long, pale yellow setae. Elytra with a large, yellow Chinese letter 王 formed a pattern around black sections·····························T. succinctus - First protarsomere straight, shorter than tibial spurs (which are movable). Mesotibiae strongly curved, enlarged near anterior end, metatibiae strongly curved·················································· ··········genus Gnorimus ···············Medium to large species, green to coppery brown, not shiny. Pronotum and elytra with small, irregular, scattered yellowish white patterns ·······G. subopacus

Genus Osmoderma Le Peletier and Serville, 1828: 702. Ja-saeg-ho-rang-ggot-mu-ji (자색호랑꽃무지속)

Gymnodi Kirby, 1827. Gymnodus Kirby, 1837.

Adults are large in size, nocturnal, walking but strong fliers. Larvae eat the dead parts in the trunks of tree. In Korea, three specific names were recorded but there is only one recognized species. Type species: Scarabaeus eremitus Scopoli, 1763: 7 (by subsequent designation by MacLeay, 1838: 16).

SPECIES 15 in the Holarctic, 10 in Palaearctic (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Palaearctic and Nearctic Regions. KEY REFERENCE: Audisio et al. (2007). Scarabaeoidea: Cetonidae: Trichiinae 33

3. Osmoderma opicum Lewis, 1887 (Pls. 1-3, 10-3) Keun-ja-saeg-ho-rang-ggot-mu-ji (큰자색호랑꽃무지)

Osmoderma opicum Lewis, 1887: 49: Cho, 1969: 688 (Keun-ja-saeg-ho-rang-ggot-mu-ji); Kim, 1978: 379; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 153; Kim, 1998c: 358, 2001b: 132. Osmodera apica: Nakatomi, 1934: 655. TYPE LOCALITY: Japan.

Body wide, very large species, blackish brown to reddish brown with blackish violet lustre. Pronotum wide with 2 strong anteromedian, longitudinal carina, 2 small tubercles apical to carina in males. Scutellum long, triangular with deep, round punctures. Protibiae with 3 outer teeth, mesotibiae and metatibiae with 2 long, sharply protrude spines. Elytra very large, with length about 1.8 times of pronotal base width. Surface with punctures small, shagreen near humeral angle; small, dense medially; large, very shallow, not as dense in other areas. Tarsi shorter than tibiae, male first tarsomere thick, inner side with sharply protruding spine. Male: Abdominal sternites longitudinally concaved medially. Pygidium flat in female, weakly convex in male. BL: 22-35 mm. BW: 14-17 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Korea, Japan. KOREA: Central. KOREAN RECORDS: SK- GW- Mt. Naeseolaksan, Inje Mt. Bangdaesan, Hwacheon. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (5 specimens): [SWU] GW: 3♀♀ (Mt. Bangdaesan Inje: 25-29.vii.2000, H.N. Seok); 1♂(Hwacheon: 9.viii.2000, J.R. Cha). [KU] GW: 1♀(Mt. Seolaksan). REMARKS: This species is diurnal and listed for wildlife conservation by the Korean Ministry of the Environment.

Distribute in Kores Doubtful of the Genus Osmoderma

1. Osmoderma barnabita Motschulsky, 1845 Seu-te-beu-ni-ka-ho-rang-ggot-mu-ji (스테브니카호랑꽃무지)

Osmoderma barnabita Motschulsky, 1845: 58: Stebnicka, 1980: 207 (distributional table); ESK and KSAE, 1994: 153 (Seu-te-beu-ni-ka-ho-rang-ggot-mu-ji) →Record doubtful due to a lack of credi- ble data for Korea and the synonymy of this name with Osmoderma coriarium DeGeer, 1774.

2. Osmoderma caeleste (Gusakov, 2002)

Gymnodus caelestis Gusakov, 2002: 39 (NE China, FE Russia, N. Korea) →Record doubtful due to a lack of credible data for Korea and the synonymy by Tauzin (2006) with O. coriarium DeGeer, 1774. 34 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Genus Gnorimus Le Peletier and Serville, 1828: 702. Gin-da-ri-ho-rang-ggot-mu-ji-sog (긴다리호랑꽃무지속)

First protarsomere straight, shorter than tibial spur. Protibiae with movable spurs, mesotibiae with elbow-like curve, metatibiae also strongly curved. Gnorimus are dead-wood and pollen-feeding scarab beetles. Only one species is known from Korea. Type species: Scarabaeus nobilis Linné, 1758: 358 (by subsequent designation by Blanchard 1845).

SPECIES 9 in the Palaearctic Region (Gorodinsk 2009) (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Holarctic and Oriental Region. KEY REFERENCE: Tauzin (2004), Krell et al. (2006).

4. Gnorimus subopacus Motschulsky, 1860(Pls. 1-4, 10-4, 17-4) Gin-da-ri-ho-rang-ggot-mu-ji (긴다리호랑꽃무지)

Gnorimus subopacus Motschulsky, 1860: 134: Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 245; Cho, 1934: 75 (subo- fascus), 1957: 301; Murayama, 1935b: 6, 1937b: 36; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 91; Doi, 1938: 97; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 76; KZS, 1968: 138; Stebnicka, 1980: 289; Kim, 1982a: 157; Kim, 1993: 66, 2001b: 132; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 153 (Gin-da-ri-ho-rang-ggot-mu-ji). Gnorimus subcostatus subopacus: Heyden, 1887: 255. Aleurostictus subopacus: Tauzin, 2004: 88. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Gin-da-ri-ggot-mu-ji (KZS, 1968: 138). TYPE LOCALITY: Russia (?).

Body medium to large, green to coppery brown, without luster. Clypeus strongly angled down- ward, with anterior margin deeply concaved medially. Pronotum and elytra with small, irregular, scattered yellowish white patterns. Scutellum short with round apex. Elytra with weak longitu- dinal carina. Male: tibiae strongly curved inwardly, with apex enlarged. Abdomen slender, with a longitudinal groove along median of sternites. Female: Pygidium largely concaved medially near apex. Ad: Basal piece large but short. Median piece longer than basal piece, with enlarged terminal part. Paramere with length of about 1.8 times of median piece, and with strongly narrowed, pointed tip. Upper side of each lobe composed of a small circle protruding inwardly near base, together composing a long oval from adjacent part to near terminal part. BL: 15-22 mm. BW: 7-8 mm. LARVAE: Zhang, 1984: 32.

DISTRIBUTION: China, eastern Siberia, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Kyeongseong, Nadzin (=Najin), Sharei (=Charyeong), Musan, Mt. Kwanmobong, HN Bocheonbo, Hyesanjin, Gaema-plateau, GW Mt. Geumgangsan, SK- GW Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Chiaksan, Hoengseong, Mt. Taebaeksan, Gangchon, GS Mt. Soyosan, Gapyeong, , Namyangju, Yangpyeong, Seoul, Suwon, -G, CB Mt. Wolaksan, CN Mt. - Scarabaeoidea: Cetonidae: Trichiinae 35 san, GB Mt. Hwanghaksan, Mt. Sobaeksan, Mt. Cheongryangsan, JJ Jejudo. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (180 specimens): [SWU] GW: 2ex (Hoengseong: 8.vi.1985); 1ex (Mt. Taebaeksan: 23.vii.1986). GS: 66ex (Gapyeong, Namyangju, Seoul-C, , Suwon, Gwangju-G: iv-vi.1935- 1999). CB: 1ex (Mt. Wolaksan: 20.vi.1992); 1ex (: 18.v.2001). JJ: 1ex (2.v.1992). [NAAS] HB: 1ex (Musan: 9.vii.1923); 1ex (Bocheonbo: 3.vii.1931). [KU] NK: 1ex (Mt. Kwanmobong: 4.viii.1933). GW: 8ex (Mt. Seolaksan, Gangchon, Mt. Chiaksan: v-vi.1970-1979). GS: 77ex (Pocheon, Gapyeong, , Baekundae, Seoul, Gwangju-G, Yangpyeong-G: iv-vii.1932-1993). CB: 1ex (Mt. Namsan Chungju: 18.v.2001). CN: 2ex (Mt. Gyeryongsan: 26.v.1974). GB: 5ex (Mt. Cheongryangsan, Mt. Hwanghaksan, Mt. Sobaeksan: vi.1974-1996). ?: 2ex (Koshcu heihoku: 15.viii.1936); 1ex (Sounado cosho: 5.viii.1937). [HNHM - NK] 6ex (Cheongjin HB: 2-5.vi.1991); 2ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: 27.v.1985). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 172 specimens →28.iv-10.ix (iv- 2, v- 101, vi- 58, vii- 5, viii- 4, ix- 1 specimen).

Genus Lasiotrichius Reitter 1899: 101. Ho-rang-ggot-mu-ji-sog (호랑꽃무지속)

Body densely covered with long setae. Elytra with irregular, band-like patterns composed of yellow and black scaly setae bundles. Type species: Scarabaeus succinctus Pallas, 1781.

SPECIES 19 in the Palaearctic Region (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Palaearctic Region.

5. Lasiotrichius succinctus (Pallas, 1781) (Pls. 1-5, 10-5, 17-5) Ho-rang-ggot-mu-ji (호랑꽃무지)

Scarabaeus succinctus Pallas, 1781: 18. Trichius succinctus: Kolbe, 1886: 196; Heyden, 1887: 256; Bates, 1888: 378; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 194; Okamoto, 1924: 181; Kim, 1960: 27; Cho et al., 1967: 198; Hyun and Woo, 1969: 194; Kim et al., 1971b: 160, 1978: 134, 1981: 125, 1984: 328, 1985: 105; Kim, 1978: 378; Kim et al., 1982a: 146, 1987b: 506, 1994: 111, 2002: 120, 2003: 127, 2004: 117, 2005: 80, 2006: 37, 130; Kim, 1981: 345, 1993: 66, 2000c: 141, 2001: 132, 2001b: 133; Nam and Kim, 1983: 129; Yoon et al., 1978: 83, 1979a: 150, 1979b: 150, 1990b: 111; Park and Cho, 1986: 128; Park et al., 1987: 673; Lee and Ko, 1988: 211; Lee et al., 1994: 147; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 153. Trichius succinctus: Kamijo, 1932: 21. Lasiotrichius succinctus: Niijima and Kinoshita, 1927: 75; Cho, 1934: 75, 1947: 65 (Ho-rang-ggot-mu- ji); Mochizuki, 1935: 32, 1936: 211; Mori and Cho, 1940: 13. Lasiotrichius succinctus: Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 91; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 76; Doi, 1938: 97; Nagaoka, 1938: 25; Cho, 1957: 301, 1963: 221, 1969: 688; Cho et al., 1968: 265; KZS, 1968: 138; Kim et al., 1972a: 84, 1974a: 109, 1974b: 230, 1975: 253, 1976: 102, 1977: 131, 1982a: 156, 1982b: 277; 36 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Stebnicka, 1980: 288; Kim and Chang, 1987a: 224; Lee et al., 1994: 147. Trichius abdominalis Ménétriès, 1832 (misidentified): Kim, 1956: 343, 1958: 98; Ku, 1963: 28. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Ae-gi-beom-ggot-mu-ji (Kim, 1960; Cho et al., 1967), Beom- (Ho-rang-i)- ggot-mu-ji (Cho, 1969), Beom-ggot-mu-ji (Kim et al., 1975 and 10 others).

Body black, completely covered with dense, yellow setae. Elytra with 3 yellow, transversal patterns. Clypeus with anterior margin reflexed, concaved medially, and with each lateral border deflexed. First protarsomere weakly curved, longer than tibial spur in male, shorter than tibial spur in female. Male: Last abdominal segment short; pygidium narrow, long, but elevated medially. Female: Abdomen expanded, with last segment long and large. Pygidium rounded. Ad: Basal piece with basal part thick, triangular. Median piece narrow. Parameres nearly right angled to median piece, with upper side largely closed at base; each lobe bell-like, nearly parallel, terminating with outward projection. BL: 9-12 mm, BW: 5-7 mm. LARVAE: Zhang, 1984: 32 (L. succinctus).

DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Siberia, Manchuria, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo, Is. Ulleungdo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Kyeongseong, Mt. Kwanmobong, Jueul, Hapsu, HN Futenpo (=Bocheonbo), Keizanchin Kannan (=Hyesanjin HN), Bujeonryeong, Gaema-plateau, Hamju Heungbong-ri, Wonsan, PB Huchang, Mt. Myohyangsan, Gasandong, PY Mt. Ryong-aksan, PN Mt. Nanglimsan, GW Mt. Geumgangsan, WH Mt. Suyangsan, GG Bakyeon waterfall, SK- More than 3,000 specimens from over 170 sites at about 130 regions all over the mountains, plains and islands - including Seoul (16 sites). SPECIMEN EXAMINED (2,183 specimens): [SWU] NK: 1ex [Kandzanchin (=Hyesanjin): 6.v.1938]. GW: 180ex (Goseong, Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Geonbongsan, Mt. Odaesan, Inje-G, Yangku, Hwacheon, Hong- cheon, Hoengseong, Chuncheon-C, Pyeongchang, Jeongseon, , Bukpyeong, Mt. Taebaeksan: iv-viii.1968-2001). GS: 225ex (all provinces and islands. Baegryeongdo, Daecheongdo, Ganghwado: v-x.1974-2001). CBN: 90ex (Okcheon, Jungwon-G, Chungju-C, , Yeongdong, Goesan, Mt. Soknisan, , Mt. Mansusan, Mt. Gyeryongsan: v-viii.1986-2003); 1ex (Cheongwon Miwon: 7.vi.2008); 3ex (Boeun-G: 7.vi); 4ex (5.vii.2008). GBN: 232ex (Is. Ulleungdo, Mt. Sobaeksan, Bonghwa, Yeongpung, Munkyeong, Mt. Eoraesan, Mt. Seondalsan, , Mt. Biseulsan, Mt. Juwangsan, Mt. Ilweolsan, Yeongdeog, Uljin-G, , , Changryeong: v-x.1977-2000); 2ex (Mung- yeong: 7.vii.2008); 2ex (Sangju: 6.vi.2008); 2ex (Yecheon: 8.vi.2008). JBN: 56ex (Gochang, Buan, Jeongeub, Jangseong, Mt. , Gwangyang: v-viii.1987-1997). JJ: 13ex (vii, viii.1983, 1988); 1ex (Gochang: 15.vii.2007). [NAAS] NK: 1ex [Sharei (=Charyeong), Futenpo (=Bocheonbo): 3.vii.1931]; 3ex [Shakuoji (=Temp. Seokwangsa): vi-viii.1922-3]. GW: 3ex [Gesseiji (=Temp. Woljeongsa Mt. Odaesan): vii-ix.1923]; 6ex (Mt. Seolaksan, Pyeongchang, Mt. Odaesan: vi-ix.1961-1997). GG: 14ex (Suwon: v-vi.1957-1991). CBN: 2ex (Yeongdong, Seonghwan: vii, viii.1987, 1995). GBN: 20ex (, Mt. Sudosan: vii-ix.1988-1996). JN: 1ex [Hakuyosan (=Mt. Baekyangsan): vi.1922]; 2ex (Jangsu, Mt. Jirisan: vi, vii.1963, 1993). ?: 1ex (Yotouri: 8.vi.1931). [SNU] GW: 7ex (Hongcheon, Chuncheon-C, Daegwallyeong, Wonju: vii-ix.1924-1997). GS: 203ex (Mt. Myeongjisan, Cheong- pyeong, Yangpyeong, Incheon, Suwon-C, Anyang, Yong-in, Hwaseong, , Gwangju, Mt. Ma- nisan: iv-ix.1969-1997). CBN: 31ex (, Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Gyeryongsan: vi-xi.1983-1995). GBN: 3ex (, , Namhae: vi, viii.1994-97). JBN: 86ex (Is. Seonyudo, Mt. Deokyusan, , Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Jirisan: v-ix.1964-1997). JJ: 2ex (Mt. : vii.1971). ?: 6ex (Mt. Heungjungsan: vii-viii.1993). [KU] NK: 6ex [Mt. Kwanmobong, Keizanchin Kannan (=Hyesan- Scarabaeoidea: Cetonidae: Cetoniinae 37 jin HN): v-viii.1933]. ?: 2ex [Kazando Cocho-c (? ?): vii, viii.1937]. 2ex (Mt. Naegeumgang: 16.vii. 1930). GW: 236ex (Goseong, Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Odaesan, Mt. Gyebangsan, Hwacheon, Mt. Chiaksan, Jeongseon, Mt. Taebaeksan: v-viii.1967-1994). GS: 377ex (Pocheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Ganghwa, , Seoul, Suwon-C, : iv-x.1932-1996). CBN: 15ex (Mt. Soknisan, Mt. Gwangdeoksan, Mt. Gyeryongsan: v-viii.1957-1991). GBN: 155ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, , Bonghwa, Mt. Juwang- san, Bulyeong, Andong, Habcheon, : vi-viii.1960-1996). JBN: 76ex (Muju, Mt. Daedunsan, Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Jogyesan, Mt. Duryunsan: iv-viii.1970-1993). JJ: 6ex (vii-viii.1955- 1974). [HSU] CN: 29ex (Mt. Gayasan: v-vi.1994-1997). [HNHM - NK] PB: 25ex (Mt. Myohyangsan: 13-18.vii.1982); 3ex (Pyeongyang city: 8.vi.1991). PY: 3ex (Mt Daeseongsan: 10.vi.1970); 6ex (16.vi. 1985). PN: 1ex (Sagampo: 24.v.1970). GW: 3ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: 29.v.1970); 1ex (1.vi.1970); 6ex (6.viii.1975); 1ex (10.vii.1977); 13ex (18-21.vi.1985); 12ex (12.vi.1991); 1ex (12.vii.1991). GG: 5ex (Mt. Bagyeonsan mear Kaeseong: 6-8.vi.1970). MONTHLY COLLECTION: All Korean 2,092 specimens →14.iv-23.xi. (iv- 10, v- 109, vi- 989, vii- 488, viii- 386, ix- 29, x, xi- 6 specimens).

Taxon Removed from the Korea Trichiini

1. Paratrichius septemdecimguttatus (Snellen and Vollenhoven, 1864) Sip-chil-seong-ho-rang-ggot-mu-ji (십칠성호랑꽃무지).

Trichius septemdecimguttatus Snellen van Vollenhoven, 1864: 159(China- Hubei, Trichius). Gnorimus septemdecimguttatus (Snellen van Vollenhoven): Sawada, 1937a: 33 (sample: Mt. Soyosan, kept by Hirayama of Japan); Miwa and Chûjô0, 1936: 76; Cho, 1957: 301; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 153 (Sip-chil-seong-ho-rang-ggot-mu-ji) → Korean distribution is possible, because this species distributed in China and Japan. However, the records by Sawada and Hirayama are erroneous in my opinion.

Subfamily Cetoniinae Leach, 1815: 99. Ggot-mu-ji-a-gwa (꽃무지아과)

Cetonida Leach, 1815.

The adults are characterized by pronotum lacking mediobasal lobe; scutellum visible; mesosternal and metasternal protrusions well developed; epimeron distinct; posthumeral emargination of elytra distinct. Many species are diurnal and visit flowers for pollen and nectar. In Korea, 61 specific or subspecific names have been recorded, but only 13 species are recognized as valid. Type genus: Cetonia Fabricius, 1775: 42.

TRIBES approximately 10 [7 in Palaearctic (Gorodinski, 2009)] (4 in Korea). 38 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

GENERA more than 100 [72 in Palaearctic (Gorodinski, 2009)] (9 in Korea). SPECIES approximately 4,000 [more than 500 in Palaearctic (Gorodinski, 2009)] (13 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide. KEY REFERENCE: Kolbe (1886), Heyden (1887), Lewis (1887), Bates (1888), Kraatz (1888), Reitter (1898), Nijiima and Kinoshita (1923, 1927), Murayama (1935, 1937), Arrow (1941), Miksi´ˇ c (1977, 1979, 1982, 1987), Krikken (1977, 1984), Kalinina (1989), Kim (1994b, 2001b), Smetana and Smith (2006); internet: Gorodinsk (www.gorodinski.ru/checklist-cetoniidae-palearctic.html); Larvae: Murayama (1931), Medvedev (1952), Zhang (1984), Klausnitzer and Krell (1996), Kim et al. (2003).

Key to the genera and some species of subfamily Cetoniinae

1. Mandible chitinous, strongly rigid, sharp, without inner membranous wrinkles. Spiracles of last abdominal segment protrude ············tribe Cremastochilini··························Body slender, long, with highly elevated head at median part and with round pronotum. Antennae with especially large, wide scape, other antennomeres hidden in scape ·············································· ·································································genus Clinterocera ························Body shiny black, about 12 mm long. Elytra with a pair of small, transverse, yellowish white patterns medially ··· ····································································································································C. obsoleta - Mandibles reduced, thin membrane with inner wrinkles. Spiracle not protruding. Pronotal basal angles distinct ·················································································································2 2. Pronotal base nearly straight, not enlarged near anterior margin of scutellum. Elytra normal size, covering entire abdomen, without posthumeral emargination. Male with head horn················· ·································································tribe Goliathini·········································Body flat, with wide prothorax medially. Male with anterior angles of clypeus greatly projected as a horn, with very long tarsi··································genus Dicronocephalus ·············Body reddish brown to dark reddish brown, but covered with greyish white powder (except pronotum medially). Clypeal projection with deer like branches ··································································D. adamsi - Pronotal base sinuate near enlarged anterior margin of scutellum. Elytra with deep posthumeral emargination····························································································································3 3. Pronotum with strongly sinuate basal margin. Body metallic lustrous, not covered by powder. Rarely with head horn ·····························tribe Coryphocerini···············································4 - Pronotum with weakly sinuate basal margin. Body covered with powder or pubescence. Without head horn ······························································································tribe Cetoniini 4. Metacoxae touching or weakly separated. Clypeus long, without accessories ···························· ·································································genus Rhomborrhina ······························Body black, strongly shiny. Inner side of metatibiae with reddish brown setae. Mesosternal process shorter than wide, with apical margin angulate. Protibiae with an outer tooth, but vestigial in male ····· ·······································································································································R. polita - Metacoxae distinctly separated. Mesosternal process equal in length and width, with round apical margin···········································genus Pseudotorynorrhina···················Body coppery green with strong lustre, but with great color variation. Inner side of metatibiae with greyish brown setae. Protibiae with a outer tooth very thick, distinct in female; outer tooth absent in males. Elytral suture apex sharply projected······························································P. japonica Scarabaeoidea: Cetonidae: Cetoniinae 39

Tribe Phaedimini Schoch, 1894: 169. Sa-seum-pung-deng-i-jog (사슴풍뎅이족)

Phaedimini Schoch, 1894.

Size small to large, 5-30 mm in length. Mandible membranous, mesosternal process very small. Only one species distribute in Korea. Type genus: Westwood, 1841.

GENERA 5 in the Palaearctic and Oriental Regions (Miksi´ˇ c, 1977) (1 in Korea). SPECIES 27 in the Palaearctic and Oriental Regions (Miksi´ˇ c, 1977) (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Palaearctic and Oriental Regions. KEY REFERENCE: Murayama (1929a, 1930a), Miksi´ˇ c (1977).

Genus Dicronocephalus Hope, 1831: 623. Sa-seum-pung-deng-i-sog (사슴풍뎅이속)

Type species: Dicronocephalus wallichi Hope, 1831.

SPECIE 7 in the Palaearctic Region (Miksi´ˇ c, 1977) (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Machurian Subregion in the Palaearctic Region and Indochina Subregion in the Oriental Region.

6. Dicronocephalus adamsi Pascoe, 1863 (Pls. 1-6, 10-6, 17-6) Sa-seum-pung-deng-i (사슴풍뎅이)

Dicranocephalus adamsi Pascoe, 1863: 25: Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 145; 1927: 66; Murayama, 1929: 43; 1930: 57; 1937c: 93; Tanaka, 1935: 163; Cho, 1936: 26; 1956: 77(Sa-seum-pung-deog-i); 1957: 302; 1969: 690; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 91; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 79; Kobayashi, 1942: 500; KSZ, 1968: 138; Kim et al., 1974b: 230; 1975: 253; 1982a: 157; 1982b: 277; 1985: 105; Miksi´ˇ c, 1977: 171; Kim, 1978: 380; Stebnicka, 1980: 281; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 154; Lie et al., 1997: 87; Kim, 1998c: 358; 2001b: 138.

Body flat, with pronotum nearly semicircular and widest medially. Color reddish brown to dark reddish brown, covered with greyish white powder in males, (except anteromedian part of prono- tum, humeral area and basal tubercles of elytra, scutellum, tibiae and tarsi. Scutellum with anterior border not enlarged, with sharp triangular tip. Elytra covering entire abdomen, without posthu- meral emargination. Protarsi very long, 1.5 times length of protibiae in males, length equal in females. Male: Clypeus with long, branched projection (like deer horns) on each anterior angle. 40 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Female: Clypeus with very deep, roundly, concave anteromedian margin; each side of this concavity forming a triangular projection. Ad: Basal piece thick but short. Median piece slender and flat, longer than 1.5 times that of basal piece. Parameres with basal piece at nearly a right angle with median piece, with apex slender and tapered like a pickaxe blade, upper side composed of a long oval between long and large lobes, tip with short setae. BL: 27-35 mm (♂), 21-27 mm (♀), BW: 10-13 mm (♀♂).

DISTRIBUTION: Vietnam, eastern Tibet, western China, Korea. KOREA: Central, South. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- WH Jangsan-got, Mt. Suyangsan, GG Bakyeon, SK- GW Hongcheon, Girin-m., Chugok-ri, Mt. Samaksan, Ganhyon, Donghae, GS Daekwang-ri, Mt. Soyosan, , Byeokje, Ilryeong, Mt. Munjusan, Juan, Gapyeong-G, Cheongpyeong, Gwangneung, Namyangju- G, Mt. Cheonmasan, Seoul (6 st), Yangju-G, Paldang, Dongguneung, Seongnam, Anyang, Suwon, Yong-in, Mt. Yongmunsan, CBN Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Soknisan, Geumsan, , GBN Seonsan, Temp. Eunhaesa, Temp. Bulguksa, , JBN Mt. Naejangsan, Gochang, Mt. Bakdalsan, Mt. Baekwunsan. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (306 specimens): [SWU] GW: 1ex (Donghae city: 26.v.1984). GS: 58ex(Goyang, Yangju, Gapyeong, Seoul, Seongnam: v-viii.1978-1999). CBN: 2ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Geumsan: vii.1991, v.1988). GB: 1ex (Mt. Sobaeksan: 21.ix.1989). JB: 2ex (Gochang: 21.v.1992). [NAAS] GS: 2ex (Suwon, Yong-in: v.1982, 1989). [SNU] GW: 1ex (Ganhyon: 26.v.1985). GS: 21ex (Yangju-G, Gapyeong-G, Suwon: v-vi.1968-1992). JN: 1ex (Mt. Baekwunsan: 24.vi.1995). [KU] GW: 1ex (Chugok-ri: 5.vi.1967). GS: 204ex (Gapyeong-G, Namyangju-G, Gwangneung, Seoul: iv-x.1935- 1990). CN: 3ex (Gongju: vi.1997). JBN: 3ex (Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Bakdalsan: v-vii.1985,1986); 6ex (Mt. Baekwunsan: v.1991). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 296 specimens →21.iv-16.x. (iv- 3, v- 140, vi- 140, vii- 6, viii- 2, ix- 1, x- 4 specimens).

Tribe Coryphocerini Burmeister, 1842: 215. Pung-i-jog (풍이족)

Coryphoceridae Burmeister, 1842: 215.

Body with a metallic lustre, not covered with powder or pubescence. Mandible membranous. Basal margin of pronotum strongly sinuate adjacent to enlarged scutellum. Elytra with deep posthu- meral emargination. Nineteen species of the genus Rhomborrhina and two species of the genus Pseu- dotorynorrhina are reported in the Palaearctic Region, and a species from each genus is distribute in Korea. Type genus: Coryphocera Burmeister, 1842: 220.

GENERA 24 in Palaearctic and Oriental Region (Miksi´ˇ c, 1977) (2 in Korea). SPECIES 92 in Palaearctic and Oriental Region (Miksi´ˇ c, 1977) (2 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Palaearctic and Oriental Region. KEY REFERENCE: Miksi´ˇ c (1977). Scarabaeoidea: Cetonidae: Cetoniinae 41

Genus Rhomborrhina Hope, 1837: 120. Geom-jeong-pung-i-sog (검정풍이속)

Type species: Goliathus heros Gory and Percheron, 1833.

SPECIES 19 in the Palaearctic Region (Gorodinski, 2009) (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Palaearctic and Oriental Region. KEY REFERENCE: Miksi´ˇ c (1977).

7. Rhomborrhina polita Waterhouse, 1875 (Pls. 1-7, 10-7, 17-7) Geom-jeong-pung-i (검정풍이)

Rhomborrhina polita Waterhouse, 1875: 113: Kim, 1960: 27; Cho et al., 1967: 197; Cho, 1969 (Geom- jeong-pung-i): 693; Kim, 1978: 381; Kim and Nam, 1984: 27; Yoon and Nam, 1985: 160; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 154; Kim, 2001b: 139. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Geom-jeong-pung-deng-/Deong-i (Cho et al., 1967 and 3 others). TYPE LOCALITY: Japan (Yokohama).

Body color deep lustrous black, rarely with blackish brown on dorsal side, dark yellowish and greenish lustrous black in ventral side. Setae short, sparse, but inner side of metatibiae with long, orange to reddish violet setae. Clypeus elongate rectangular, with anterior margin not concaved, anterior angles rounded, anterior and lateral margins strongly reflexed, clypeal disc depressed compared with raised median frons. Scutellum with each side straight, apex sharp and triangular, with smooth dorsal plate, punctate. Protibiae with a outer tooth (reduced in males). Mesosternal process wider than long; with anterior margin truncate; apex with short, brown setae. Male: Abdominal sternites concave longitudinally. BL: 27-35 mm, BW: 14-17 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Korea, Japan. KOREA: Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: SK- GW Mt. Seolaksan, CN Daejeon, GN Busan, JJ Mt. Hallasan, Chuja-gundo. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (3 specimens): [SWU] GN: 1♂(Busan: 19.viii.1935). JJ: 1ex (Namjeju Mureung- ri: 7.viii.1999, S.Y. Kim). [NAAS] CN: 1♀(Daejeon: 9.viii.1934).

Genus Pseudotorynorrhina Miksi´ˇ c, 1967: 309. Pung-i-sog (풍이속)

Type species: Rhomborrhina japonica Hope, 1841.

SPECIES 2 in the Palaearctic and Oriental Region (1 in Korea). 42 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

DISTRIBUTION: Palaearctic and Oriental Region. KEY REFERENCE: Miksi´ˇ c (1976, 1977).

8. Pseudotorynorrhina japonica (Hope, 1841) (Pls. 1-8, 10-8, 17-8) Pung-i (풍이)

Rhomborrhina japonica Hope, 1841: 64: Kolbe, 1886: 194; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 156; Okamoto, 1924: 179; Doi, 1935: 3; Morita, 1936: 860; Haku, 1937: 696; Kamijo, 1936: 86; Mochizuki and Tsune- kawa, 1937: 92; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 81; Takahashi, 1941: 235; Kim, 1956: 339; Cho, 1957: 302; 1963: 220 (Pung-i); 1969: 692; Cho et al., 1968: 265 (Phomborrhina); KZS, 1968: 138; Hyun and Woo, 1969: 194; Gu, 1973: 82; Kim and Kim, 1974a: 109; 1975: 254; Kim and Nam, 1982b: 277; Kim, 1978: 381; Yoon et al., 1979a: 83, 1985: 160; 1989: 140; Stebnicka, 1980: 281; Kim et al., 1982a: 145, 1982b: 173; 1984: 169; 1987b: 506; 1989: 177; Kim, 1983: 166; Lee and Ko, 1988: 211. Pseudotorynorrhina japonica: Miksi´ˇ c, 1976: 261; 1977: 263; Kim and Yoo, 1987: 224; Kim et al., 2001b: 139; 2002: 120; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 154. Rhomborrhina japonica coreana Ruter, 1965: 196. Rhomborrhina nigra Saunders, 1852: 29 (synonym): Cho, 1969: 692. Rhomborrhina unicolor Motschulsky, 1861: 8 (misidentified): Murayama, 1937: 36; Takahashi, 1941: 235; KZS, 1968: 138. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Rh. japonica=Gu-ri-ggot-mu-ji (Gu, 1973), Gu-ri-saeg-yun-P-D-I (KSPP, 1972); Rh. j. nigra=Je-ju-nam-saeg-pung-i (Cho, 1969); Rh. j. unicolor=Cheong-pung-i (KZS, 1968).

Body long, flat, strongly shiny, greenish brown but with coppery to red tint or with individual variations of completely green, indigo, blackish indigo, or blackish violet. Setae on inner side of metatibiae greyish brown. Clypeus long, rectangular, with straight anterior margin, anterior and lateral margins slightly reflexed. Pronotum triangular but nearly pentagonal, covered with dense punctures. Elytra with many punctures, with about 3 stripes of puctures forming striae, elytral sutures forming a thick protuberance with sharply protruding tip. Mesosternal process with a gingko-shaped club at apex. Male: Protibiae slender, without teeth. Abdominal sternite concaved longitudinally. Female: Protibiae with a thick, strong outer tooth. Abdominal sternite without longitudinal groove. Ad: Thin, curved in a semicircle. Length of basal piece and median piece approximately equal, with thin connection between these two pieces. Paramere weakly curved inward, slightly longer than other two pieces combined, with both lobes nearly straight, parallel. BL: 25-33 mm, BW: 12-17 mm.

BIOLOGY: Kamijo, 1936: 86. DISTRIBUTION: China, Korea, Japan. KOREA: Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- Gaeseong, SK- More 500 specimens at more than 80 sites in about 60 localities in the mountains, plains and islands (including six localities in Seoul). SPECIMEN EXAMINED (310 specimens): [SWU] GW:1ex Chuncheon: 14.vii.1997). S: 2ex (Is. Gang- hwado, Iss. in Ongjin-G, Gapyeong, Seoul, Seongnam, Hwaseong, Icheon: v-x.1971-1992). CN: 5ex (Taean, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Daejeon: vii-viii.1984-1997). GB: 4ex (Mt. Juwangsan, Mt. Biseulsan, Scarabaeoidea: Cetonidae: Cetoniinae 43

Yeongcheon: vii, viii.1990-2000). JBN: 24ex (Gochang, Yeongkwang, , Yeocheon, Iss. Wando- G, Iss. Jindo-G: vi-viii.1980-1996); 5ex (Is. Joyakdo Wando: 15, 16.vii.2003). JJ: 162ex (all area: vii- viii.1980-1999). [NAAS] GW: 1ex (Donghae: 16.viii.1989). GS: 2ex (Mt. Dobongsan, Suwon: ix.1992; vi.1984). GBN: 4ex (Daegu, Goseong: vii, viii.1991, 1996). JBN: 1ex [Hakuyosan (=Baekyangsan): 25.vi.1922]; 6ex (Wanju, Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Jirisan, Haenam: vii-viii.1959-1993). JJ: 3ex (vii, viii. 1993, 1995). [KU] GS: 4ex (Mt. Cheonmasan, Dangsan-ri, : vii-x.1966-1982). CBN: 5ex (Mt. Soknisan, Ssangchon: vii.1957, 1982). GN: 4ex (Tongyeong: vii.1978). JBN-JJ: 31ex (Naebyeon- san, Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Jogyesan, Is. Uido, Is. Chujado, Jejudo: vii-viii.1955-1990). ?: 5ex (Zokani: 14.viii.1930). [HSU] CN: 1ex (Mt. Gayasan: 17.vi.1997). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 185 specimens →4.v-24.x. (v- 2, vi- 7, vii- 116, viii- 52, ix- 4, x- 4 specimens).

Tribe Cetoniini Leach, 1815: 99. Ggot-mu-ji-jog (꽃무지족)

Cetonida Leach, 1815.

Body covered with powder or pubescence, without head horn. Mandible thinly membranous, hidden under clypeus. Pronotum with basal margin weakly sinuate, with basal angles distinct. Elytra with posthumeral emargination distinct. Very diverse taxon occurring worldwide. There were 45 specific or subspecific names in 15 genera recorded from Korea including about 40 erroneous names. Type genus: Cetonia Fabricius, 1775.

GENERA approximately 110 [30 in Palaearctic and Oriental Region (Miksi´ˇ c, 1982, 1986), 16 in Palaearctic (Gorodinski, 2009)] (5 in Korea). SPECIES less than 1,000 [approximately 450 in Palaearctic and Oriental Region (Miksi´ˇ c, 1982, 1986), approximately 200 in Palaearctic (Gorodinski, 2009)] (9 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide, but not as diverse in the Neotropical, Madagascan, and Australian Regions. KEY REFERENCE: Kolbe (1886), Heyden (1887), Lewis (1887), Bates (1888), Kraatz (1888), Reitter (1898), Niijima and Kinoshita (1923, 1927), Murayama (1935, 1937), Kato (1937), Reitter (1898), Miksi´ˇ c (1982, 1987), Kalinina (1989), Kim (2000b, 2001b); Larvae: Klausnitzer and Krell (1996), Kim et al. (2003).

Key to the genera and some species of trube Cetoninii

1. Elytron with deep posthumeral emargination. Prosternum without anteromedian process or at most with a weakly horizontal stump ······················································································2 - Elytron with shallow posthumeral emargination. Prosternum with high, cork-like process. Clypeus short, with shallowly emarginated anterior margin. Small to medium size, without lustre ·······················································genus Anthracophora·····························Mesosternal process kingko-shaped (subgenus Poecilophilides). Body weakly lustrous black, but dorsal side 44 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

yellowish to reddish brown, with scattered spotted patterns. Elytra with 9 striae, 1st, 3th, 5th and 6th interstices weakly elevated ···········································································A. rusticola 2. Mesosternal process horizontal or weakly angled, with basal part strong, distinctly connected, so with hammer-like tip. Small to large size, without metallic luster. Dorsal side without scaly setae·········································································································································3 - Mesosternal process not thick, strongly projected, ball-like or cork-like apically ······················4 3. Each metacoxa distinctly separated. Basal emargination of pronotum very shallow, with indistinct lateral angles. Small to medium in size. Dorsal surface covered with scaly setae, without metallic lustre. Ad: with symmetrical parameres ·························································· ·································································genus Glycyphana··································Body black, with dorsal side velvety, covered with black scaly setae. Elytra with median patterns transverse, scattered, pale yellow. Mesosternal process short but thick ·································G. fulvistemma - Each metacoxa closed. Basal emargination of pronotum distinct, with distinct lateral angles. Ad: Basal piece simple apically ·····················································································Protaetia 4. First metatarsi with outer tip enlarged as a sharp tooth. Clypeus large with anterior margin weakly reflexed medially, strongly enlarged laterally. Size small, dorsal surface with numerous red or orange color patterns, or covered with scaly setae or pubescens. Male abdominal sternites without longitudinal groove····················genus Gametis ·······································Body black, dorsal surface green, setose. Elytra scattered with small, pale yellow patterned setae, some speci- mens with pairs of very large, red patterned setae ·····················································G. jucunda - Metatarsi simple. Clypeus quadrate, not large nor sharply angled, with weakly emarginated anterior margin. Size medium to large, metallic lustre in some species. Male abdominal sternites without longitudinal groove····················genus Cetonia ·································Reddish to dark reddish brown, with green scaly setae, individuals without scales weakly shiny. Elytra with tubercles at humeral and apical angles, with pale yellow to white patterns, covered with setae ·· ·····································································································································C. pilifera *Anterior part of mesosternal process conical. Distributed near the south coast and Jeju-do ······ ····································································································································C. pilifera *Anterior part of mesosternal process truncate. Distributed in the inner peninsula ···················· ·····················································································································C. pilifera magnifica

Genus Cetonia Fabricius, 1775: 42. Ggot-mu-ji-sog (꽃무지속)

Size medium to large. Some species with metallic lustre. Clypeus quadrate with weakly emarginated anterior margin. Prosternum with anteromedian process absent or weakly defined. Mesosternal process not thick, but strongly projected with a ball-like or cork-like apex. Elytra with distinct posthumeral emargination. Metatarsi simple. Eight species are recorded from Korea, but three of them belong to the genus Protaetia and four others are misidentified names. Type species: Scarabaeus auratus Linné, 1758.

SPECIES 29 in Palaearctic (Gorodinski, 2009) (2 subspecies of 1 species in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Palaearctic Region. Scarabaeoidea: Cetonidae: Cetoniinae 45

KEY REFERENCE: Miksi´ˇ c (1982), Kim (1994b, 2001b).

9. Cetonia pilifera (Motschulsky, 1860) (Pls. 1-9, 10-9, 17-9/1-9a, 10-9a, 17-9a) Ggot-mu-ji (꽃무지)

Glycyphana pilifera Motschulsky, 1860: 15; Bates, 1888: 377. Cetonia pilifera: Okamoto, 1924: 179; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 86; Kim, 1958: 92; 1960: 27; Cho, 1963: 220 (Ggot-mu-ji); Cho et al., 1967: 198; 1968: 265; Gu, 1973: 82; Stebnicka, 1980: 209; Miksi´ˇ c, 1982: 221; Kim and Nam, 1984: 328. Eucetonia pilifera: ESK and KSAE, 1994: 154; Park and Park, 1987: 673. Cetonia (Eucetonia) pilifera pilifera (Motschulsky): Kim, 1994b: 317 (Seom-ggot-mu-ji); 2001b: 141. Cetonia (Eucetonia) pilifera magnifica Ballion: Kim, 1994b: 317 (Cham-ggot-mu-ji); 2001b: 141; 2002: 120. Cetonia aurata var. pilifera Motschulsky: Heyden, 1887: 255. Cetonia magnifica Ballion, 1870: 348; Cho, 1934: 75; Murayama, 1935b: 5; 1937a: 36; Mochizuki, 1935: 32; 1936: 211; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 90; Doi, 1938: 97; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 86; Stebnicka, 1980: 282; Miksi´ˇ c, 1982: 223; Kalinina, 1989: 433; Kim, 1993: 66. Eucetonia magnifica: ESK and KSAE, 1994: 154. Glycyphana cupreola Kraatz, 1879: 243; Bates, 1888: 376. Cetonia aurata var. cupreola Kraatz: Heyden, 1887: 254. Cetonia viridiopaca Motschulsky, 1860: 134(Glycyphana); Stebnicka, 1980: 209; Miksi´ˇ c, 1982: 223; Lie et al., 1997: 87. Eucetonia viridiopaca: ESK and KSAE, 1994: 154. Cetonia aurata var. viridiopaca: Heyden, 1887: 254. Cetonia roelofsi Harold, 1880: 8 (misidentified): Gu, 1973: 82; Stebnicka, 1980: 209; Kim and Nam, 1984: 328; Yoon and Nam, 1986: 160; Kalinina, 1989: 433. Eucetonia roelofsi: ESK and KSAE, 1994: 154; KSPP, 1972: 424. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: C. pilifera=Ggot-mu-chi (Kim, 1958, 1960), Jang-mi-ggot-mu-ji (Gu, 1973); C. roelofsi=Cheong-saeg-ggot-mu-ji (ESK and KSAE, 1994), Jan-ggot-mu-ji (KSPP, 1972). TYPE LOCALITY: Japan.

Body reddish to dark reddish brown (occasionally green), not shiny, covered with green scaly setae, (occasionally without scales, with weak luster). Clypeus quadrate, with corners not sharply angled, and with weakly emarginated anterior margin. Elytra with tuberculated elytral humerous and apical angles, with pale yellow to white patterns, covered with setae. Elytra with 3 striae, converging at apex, interstice with cloudy microsculpturing. Protibiae with 3 sharp outer teeth. Male: Abdominal sternites longitudinally concave medially. Cetonia pilifera pilifera: apex of mesosternal process conical. Cetonia p. magnifica: apex of mesosternal process truncate. Ad: Basal piece with base very large, triangular, with length 1.5 times length of median piece. Parameres parallel apically, triangular near apex, apex strongly curved outwardly, with length 1.7 times length of median piece, each lobe with small, sharp teeth. BL: 16-20 mm, BW: 8-10 mm. LARVAE: Medvedev, 1952: 178(C. magnifica). 46 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

DISTRIBUTION: NE China, SE Siberia, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Kyeongseong, Musan, Sharei (=Charyeong), Mt. Kwanmobong, Jueul, YG Mt. Potaesan, Futenpo (=Bocheonbo), Hyesanjin, HN Pungsan, Cheongjin, Gaema-plateau, Bujeon-plateau, Hongwon, Hamju, Wonsan, Temp. Seokwangsa, PB Hyangsan, PN Suncheon, Sun- an, Yongseong, PY Mt. Ryongaksan, Mt. Daeseongsan, WN Mt. Suyangsan, GW- Mt. Geumgangsan, GG Bakyeon waterfall, SK- More 600 specimens at more 60 sites of 45 regions in the mountains, the plains and the islands of the whole counties including Seoul (2 specimens). SPECIMEN EXAMINED (562 specimens): pilifera=[SWU] JJ: 12ex (Sanbangsan, Jungmun, Sancheondan: 4.v.1978). magnifica=[SWU] GW: 6ex (Goseong, Mt. Seolaksan, Gangchon, Pyeongchang: v-viii.1958- 1990). GS: 82ex (Iss. Ongjin-G, Mt. Wangbangsan, Mt. Cheonmasan, Seoul, Suwon, Seongnam, Gwangju: iv-ix.1957-1998); 1ex (Is. Deokjeokdo: 3.vii.2007). GBN: 8ex (Mt. Juwangsan, Mt. Naeyeon- san, Tongyeong: v-viii.1986-1989). JN: 5ex (Yeocheon, Is. Jindo: vii.1983, 1984). JJ: 7ex (v.1978-1990); 2ex (7, 10.vii.2002). [NAAS] NK: 5ex [Sharei (=Charyeong), Shakuoji (=Seokwangsa, Anbyeon HN), Futenpo (=Bocheonbo, Hyesan HN), Kankakei (=Hanhagye, Mt. Keumgangsan GW): vi-vii.1923, 1924, 1931). GS: 1ex (Gwangneung: 10.iv.1923); 1ex(Koryosan: v.1924); 4ex(Suwon, Mt. Surisan: v- vii.1975, 1976). JN: 3ex (Is. Soheuksando: 21.vi.1973). JJ: 4ex (28.vi.1922). [SNU] GS: 20ex (Yeoncheon, Mt. Bukhansan, Suwon: v-vi.1969-1992). JJ: 5ex (v.1995). [KU] NK: 11ex [Gosui (=Hapsu, HB), Keizanchin Kannan (=Hyesanjin HN), Sounando Cosho, Kousho Heihoku, Fusenrei (=Bujeonryeong HN): vii-viii.1931-1937]. GW: 1ex (Jinburyeong: 17.vi.1967). GS: 304ex (Paldang, Mt. Cheonmasan, Mt. Soyosan, Mt. Wangbangsan, Incheon, Goyang, Seoul, Gwangneung, Seongnam, Is. Mu-euido: iv-xi.1932-1985). CN, JB: 12ex (Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Deokyusan, Mt. Gyeryongsan: v-viii.1972, 1974, 1983, 1985). GN: 1ex (Is. Bijindo: vii.1978). CN: 3ex (Sinan: vii.1979). JJ: 2ex (v.1989, 1990). [HNHM - NK] HB: 2ex (Mt. Cheongjin: 2.vi.1991). YG: 31ex [Zedongsan (1,150 m): 22, 26.vii.1975]; 27ex [River Garimgang (=Bocheonbo, 1,100 m): 27.vii.1975]. GW: 1ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: 30.v.1970). GG: 1ex (Gaeseong: 30.vii.1982). MONTHLY COLLECTION: All Korean 482 specimens →12.iv-?.xi. (iv- 12, v- 147, vi- 138, vii- 152, viii- 27, ix- 4, xi- 2 specimens).

Genus Protaetia Burmeister, 1842: 22, 827. Jeom-ba-gi-ggot-mu-ji (점박이꽃무지속)

Protaetia Burmeister, 1842.

Size small to large, surface covered with scaly setae, without metallic lustre. Pronotal base distinc- tly emarginate. Prosternal anteromedian process weakly defined. Mesosternal process horizontal or weakly angled. Posthumeral emargination of elytra deep. Each metacoxa closed. Ad: Terminal part of basal piece simple. Fourteen specific or subspecific names have been recorded from Korea, but only 5 of them are recognized as valid. Type species: Cetonia spectabilis Schaum, 1841.

SPECIES 250 (Ratcliffe, 2002) [123 in Palaearctic (Gorodinski, 2009)] (5 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Oriental, Australian and Palaearctic Regions; Ratcliffe (2002): one species, P. fusca Scarabaeoidea: Cetonidae: Cetoniinae 47

(Hebrst), is distributed in Florida, U.S.A. KEY REFERENCE: Niijima and Kinoshita (1923, 1927), Murayama (1935, 1937), Kato (1937), Miksi´ˇ c (1987), Kim (2000b, 2001b). Larvae: Klausnitzer and Krell (1996), Kim et al. (2003).

Key to the species of genua Protaetia

1. Metatibiae with 2 outer protrusions. Elytra with distinct protuberances at humeral and apical angles, but without distinct protuberances at sutural carina·····················································2 - Metatibiae with 1 outer protrusion. Elytra with distinct protuberances at humeral angles, hind angles and sutural carina ·········································································································3 2. Elytra and pronotum with strong microsculpturing. Ad: Parameral apex complicate and combi- nated each (subgenus Calopotosia). Clypeus with anterior margin emarginated and highly reversed upwardly ······························································································P. orientalis submarmorea - Elytra and pronotum with very small, weak microsculpturing. Ad: Paramere with long, straight internal lobe, apex with rake-like teeth (subgenus Chrysopotosia). Clypeal anterior margin straight···········································································································P. mandschuriensis 3. Metafemora with enlarged frontal part. Male abdominal sternites with longitudinally concave medially (subgenus Liocola) ······································································································4 - Metafemora without enlarged frontal part. Male abdominal sternites not concaved medially (subgenus Potosia). Clypeus with anterior margin raised, emarginated median. Elytra with pale yellow, scattered patterns. Ad: Parameral internal lobes with inner protuberance······················ ·························································································································P. famelica scheini 4. Pronotum with distinct anterior ridge. Elytral sutures with sharply projected tip ······················ ···················································································································P. brevitarsis seulensis - Pronotum with indistinct anterior ridge. Elytra with horseshoe-like sculpturing medially near sutures ·······················································································································P. lugubris

10. Protaetia lugubris (Herbst, 1786) (Pls. 1-10, 10-10, 17-10) Mae-kkeun-han-jeom-bak-i-kkot-mu-ji (매끈한점박이꽃무지)

Cetonia lugubris Herbst, 1786: 157. Protaetia lugubris: Miksi´ˇ c, 1987: 496; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 154 (Mae-kkeun-han-jeom-ba-gi-ggot-mu- ji); Kim, 2000b: 213; 2001b: 144. Potosia (Liocola) lugubris orientalis Medvedev, 1964: 185: Stebnicka, 1980: 209. Nectosia (Licola) lugubris orientalis: Kalinina, 1989: 434.

Body dark coppery green, strongly shiny, smooth, nearly without setae or punctures. Clypeus with anterior margin straight, reflexed. Pronotal punctures fine, dense, distributed mainly along anterior and lateral margins. Mesosternal process flatted, ginko-shaped, with truncate frontal margin. Protibiae with 3 outer teeth, internal edge with rowed, reddish brown setae. Elytra smooth, with very slender patterns, and with weak microsculpturing, marginal carina distinct connected to humeral angle. Abdominal sternites concave longitudinally in median part, but flatter in male. Ad: Basal piece with large triangular base, base length about 1.5 times length of median piece. Median piece with base narrow, large, and with near triangular apex. Parameres wide, straight, extended 48 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti as length of median piece, apex narrows in dorsal view, apex curved inwardly at half the length of median piece, apex flattened with sharp edge. BL: 19-24 mm, BW: 12-14 mm. LARVAE: Klausnitzer and Krell, 1996: 80-81.

DISTRIBUTION: eastern Europe, Russia, Korea, Japan. KOREA: Central, South, Is. Ulleungdo. KOREAN RECORDS: SK- GW Gangchon, Hongcheon, GS Mt. Soyosan, Mt. Wangbangsan, Mt. Cheonmasan, Gwangneung, Mt. Surisan, Mt. Yongmunsan, GB Is. Ulleungdo, GN Sancheong, JB Mt. Naejangsan, Muju, ?- Sounando Cosho-c. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (21 specimens): [SWU] GS: 1ex (Mt. Soyosan: 6.vi.1985); 1ex (Mt. Cheonmasan: 1.vii.1984). GN: 1ex (Sancheong: 24.v.1995). [SNU] GG: 1ex (Mt. Yongmunsan: 2.v.1990); 1ex (Mt. Surisan: 13.vi.1973); 1ex (Gwangneung: 10.vi.?). ?: 1ex (Sounando Cosho-c: 14.vii.1937). [KU] GW: 1ex (Gangchon: 22.v.1977); 1ex (Hongcheon: 10.vi.1995). GG: 3ex (Mt. Soyosan: v-ix.1935-1981); 1ex (Mt. Wangbangsan: 5.vi.1979); 1ex (Mt. Yongmunsan: 22.vi.1975). GB: 5ex (Is. Ulleungdo: viii. 1956, 1979). JB: 1ex (Muju: 9.vi.1972); 1ex (Mt. Naejangsan: 26.v.1985).

11. Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis (Kolbe, 1886) (Pls. 1-11, 2-11, 10-11, 17-11) Huin-jeom-bak-i-kkot-mu-ji (흰점박이꽃무지)

Cetonia brevitarsis Lewis, 1879: 463; Kraatz, 1888: 200. Cetonia seulensis Kolbe, 1886: 194; Heyden, 1887: 254; Bates, 1888: 37. Liocola brevitarsis: Okamoto, 1924: 179; Masaki, 1934: 402; 1936: 260; Doi, 1935: 3; Yoshino, 1935: 14; Kato, 1937: 619; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 91; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 87; Cho, 1955: 207; 1957: 301; 1963: 220; 1965: 197; 1969: 693; Kim, 1956: 9; 1958: 98; Ku, 1963: 27; KZS, 1968: 138; Cho et al., 1968: 265; Hyun and Woo, 1970: 80; Kim et al., 1972b: 197 (Hin-jeom-ba-gi-ggot-mu-ji); 1974a: 109; 1982a: 157; 1982b: 277; Yoon and Nam, 1986: 160. Protaetia brevitarsis: Kim, 1978: 383; KSPP, 1972: 208; Shin, 1978: 144; Yoon and Nam, 1979: 150; Lee and Kwon, 1981: 154; Kim and Nam, 1984: 328; 1985: 105; Kim and Chang, 1982a: 145; 1984: 170; 1987b: 506; Kim, 1993: 66; Lee et al., 1994: 147. Potosia (Liocola) brevitarsis: Stebnicka, 1980: 283; Lie et al., 1997: 88. Nectosia (Liocola) brevitarsis: Kalinina, 1989: 434. Pachnotosia brevitarsis seulensis: Reitter, 1898: 65. Liocola brevitarsis seulensis: Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 165; Kamijo, 1932: 21; Morita, 1936: 861; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 91; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 87; Cho, 1957: 302 (P. seoulensis); 1969: 694; Gu, 1973: 85. Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis: Kim and Lee, 1979: 84; Kim and Chang, 1983: 166; Kim et al., 1994: 111; Kim, 2000b: 213; 2001b: 144; 2005: 80. Liocola brevitarsis viridis Kraatz, 1889: 380: Kamijo, 1932: 21; Haku, 1937b: 696; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 87. Liocola speculifera Swarz, 1817 (misidentified): Murayama, 1935: 6; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 91; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 88; Cho, 1947: 65; 1957: 302; 1963: 219; Kim, 1956: 9; 1958: 98; Cho et al., 1967: 198, 1968: 265; KSZ, 1968: 138; Kim and Nam, 1984: 328. Protaetia speculifera: KSPP, 1972: 208. Scarabaeoidea: Cetonidae: Cetoniinae 49

Protaetia pryeri Janson, 1888 (misidentified): Kim and Chang, 1982a: 145; 1987a: 224. Protaetia cataphracta Arrow, 1913 (misidentified): Kim and Chang, 1982a: 146; 1987a: 224; Kim and Yoo, 1987b: 506. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Hin-jeom-bae-gi-pung-deng- (deong)-i (Cho, 1955 and 2 others), Hin-jeom- ba-gi-P-D-I (Cho, 1955 and 3 others), Hin-byeol-ba-gi-ggot-mu-ji (Cho, 1963; Cho et al., 1968), Ae- jeom-ba-gi-P-D-I (KSPP, 1972); P. speculifera=Pul-saeg-in-jeom-bae-gi-P-D-I (Cho, 1947), Pul-saeg- hin-jeom-ba-gi-pung-deng- (deong)-i (Cho et al., 1967 and 2 others), Nok-saeg-ggot-mu-ji (KSPP, 1972), Pul-saeg-ae-jeom-ba-gi-P-D-I (KSPP, 1972). TYPE LOCALITY: Cetonia brevitarsis Lewis →Japan. Cetonia seulensis Kolbe →Seoul.

Body coppery black, shiny, surface with scattered yellowish white patterns. Clypeal anterior margin straight. Frons strongly reflexed, with dense, round punctures. Pronotum with deep, dense, crescent-shaped punctures laterally. Elytra with 2 well-defined longitudinal carina between humeral angle and apical protuberances, with dense, horseshoe-shaped sculpturing distributed between carina, with wrinklesd microsculpturing laterally. Protibiae with 3 outer teeth, 3rd tooth very small. Male: Abdominal sternites longitudinally concave medially, 7th sternite shorter than that of female. Ad: Basal piece with base large, apex forming long cone, length about 1.3 times length of median piece. Parameres with length about 1.3 times length of median piece, similar to P. lugubris but shorter, with thick apical part, sharp apex. BL: 17-22 mm, BW: 12-15 mm. LARVAE: Murayama, 1931: 75, Medvedev, 1952: 180 (L. brevitarsis), Zhang, 1984: 27 (P. brevitarsis), Kim M.A. et al., 2003: 232.

DISTRIBUTION: eastern Siberia, Korea, Japan (Is. Tsushima). KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo, Is. Ulleungdo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HN Hamju Heungbong-ri, PY Mt. Ryongaksan, Mt. Daeseongsan, Man- kyeongdae, PN Sunan, ?- Sokam˘ -Cˇ osud˘ zi,ˇ SK- More than 600 specimens at about 90 sites in 70 regions in the mountains, plains and islands over the entire country including Seoul (6 sites). SPECIMEN EXAMINED (472 specimens): [SWU] GW: 4ex (Goseong, Mt. Seolaksan, Chuncheon: vi- viii.1974-1984). GS: 110ex (Ganghwa-G, Iss. in Ongjin-G, Namyangju-G, Mt. Wangbangsan, Seong- nam, Seoul, Hwaseong-G, Icheon: vi-ix.1975-1996). CBN: 3ex (Cheongwon-gun, Jecheon, Cheonan: vii-viii.1985-1994). GBN: 51ex (Munkyeong, , , Changryeong, Deokgye, Geom- dang-ri: v-viii.1978-1996). JBN: 19ex (, Gochang, Gwangju, Gurye, Yeongam, Is. Jindo: vi-x.1981-1992). JJ: 63ex (vii-viii.1980-1994). [NAAS] GW: 1ex [Geseiji (=Temp. Weoljeongsa, Mt. Odaesan): 15.ix.1923]. GS: 25ex (Is. Ganghwado, Seoul, Suwon: v-ix.1923-1985). JN: 1ex (Is. Heuksando: 22.vii.1975). JJ: 6ex (vii-ix.1974-1988). ?: 1ex (Gwainei: 22.viii.1922). [SNU] GW: 1ex (Cheolwon: 19.vi.1992). GS: 32ex (Seoul, Suwon, : v-vii.1962-1994). CN: 3ex (Gongju: v.1991). GB: 1ex (Wolseong: 5.vi.1987). JN: 13ex (Mt. Jirisan: vii-viii.1970-1973). [KU] NK: 1ex (Sounando Cosho-c: 17.vii.1937). GW: 2ex (Goseong: vii, ix.1978, 79). GS: 1ex [Seiryori (=Cheonryang-ri Seoul): 4.viii.1933]; 62ex (Gapyeong, Seoul, Suwon, : v-ix.1931-1988). CBN: 6ex (Mt. Soknisan, Geumsan: vii-viii.1955, 1957). GB: 13ex (Is. Ulleungdo, Yeongju, Bulyeong, Pohang: vi-viii.1956- 1990). JBN: 12ex (Namwon, Naebyeonsan, Mt. Baekyangsan, , Sinan, Haenam: vii-viii.1971- 1979). JJ: 31ex (vii-viii.1931-1990); 1ex (Mt. Hallasan: 3.v.1955). ?: 1ex (Zokani: 14.viii.1930). [HNHM - NK] PY: 4ex (Mt. Ryongaksan: 9.viii.1971). PY: 1ex (Mt. Daeseongsan: 22.viii.1991). GW: 1ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: 6.viii.1975); 1ex (9.viii.1977); 1ex (18.vi.1985). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 449 specimens →1.v-29.ix. (v- 4, vi- 56, vii- 185, viii- 179, ix- 50 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

15 specimens). BIOLOGY: Kamijo, 1936: 85; Nakayama and Okamoto, 1940: 199; Saito, 1941: 12.

12. Protaetia famelica scheini (Miksi´ˇ c, 1959) (Pls. 2-12, 10-12, 17-12) A-mu-reu-jeom-bak-i-kkot-mu-ji (아무르점박이꽃무지)

Cetonia famelica Janson, 1879: 539. Potosia (Potosia) famelica: Stebnicka, 1980: 284; Lie et al., 1997: 89. Protaetia famelica: Paik, 1984: 184. Nectosia (Potosia) famelica: Kalinina, 1989: 434. Potosia famelica scheini Miksi´ˇ c, 1959: 29. Protaetia famelica scheini: Miksi´ˇ c, 1987: 262; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 154; Kim, 2000b: 212, 2001b: 143. Potosia famelica amurensis Heyden: Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 176; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 89. Potosia amurensis Heyden, 1886: 285: Cho, 1957: 130; KSZ, 1968: 138 (A-mu-reu-jeom-ba-gi-ggot- mu-ji). OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Ae-gi-hin-jeom-ba-gi-ggot-mu-ji (Paik, 1984). TYPE LOCALITY: Protaetia famelica Janson →North China. Potosia famelica scheini Miksi´ˇ c →Amur.

Body dark green, shiny. Clypeus with narrowed apex, anterior margin strongly reflexed, deeply emarginate medially. Head with round punctures. Pronotum with pale yellow coloration laterally, punctate, punctures round medially, wrinkled longitudinally towards lateral edges. Thoracial ster- num covered with dense, yellowish brown setae; mesosternal process small, kingo-shaped, with scattered punctures. Protibiae with 3 outer teeth, including rudimental 3rd tooth. Elytra with developed elytral humeral and marginal ridge, with dense, horseshoe-shaped sculpturing laterally. Last abdominal sternite long in female, short in male. Ad: Basal piece with large base, narrowing in a bottle mouth-shape apically, with length about 5 times length of median piece. Median piece reduced to a small hinge between basal piece and parameres. Parameres with about 1.2 times length of other 2 pieces combined, with apical projection triangular, lobes enlarged inwardly, apex strongly curved, rounded. BL: 14-18 mm, BW: 8-10 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: NE China, Amur, Korea, Japan (Is. Tsushima). KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HN Keizanchin (=Hyesanjin), PN Mt. Ryongaksan, GW Samilpo, SK- GW Wonju, Bukpyeong, GS Yeoncheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Iss. in Ongjin-G, Seoul, Seongnam, CBN Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Gayasan, GB Temp. Naeweonsa, Mt. Cheongryangsan, JN Sinan, Gwangyang, JJ Jejudo. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (97 specimens): [SWU] GW: 2ex (Wonju, Bukpyeong: vi, vii.1981, 1984). GS: 54ex (Yeoncheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Seoul, Iss. in Ongjin-G: v-viii.1980-1987). CBN: 4ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Gayasan: v-vii.1991-1995). GB: 2ex (Temp. Naewonsa: vi.1990). JBN: 1ex (Byeon- san: vi.1991); 1ex (Mt. Jirisan: 23.vi.1987). [KU] NK: 2ex [Keizanchin kannan (=Hyesanjin HN): 5.vi.1933]. GS: 27ex (Yeoncheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Seoul, Suwon, Seongnam: v-x.1956-1986). GB: 1ex (Mt. Cheongryangsan: 14.vi.1996). JN: 2ex (Sinan, Gwangyang: v-vii.1979, 1991). JJ: 1ex (21.viii.1968). Scarabaeoidea: Cetonidae: Cetoniinae 51

MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 93 specimens →6.v-10.x. (v- 13, vi- 30, vii- 34, viii- 14, ix, x- 2ex).

13. Protaetia mandschuriensis (Schürhoff, 1933) (Pls. 2-13, 10-13, 17-13) Man-ju-jeom-bak-i-kkot-mu-ji (만주점박이꽃무지)

Calopotosia mandschuriensis Schürhoff, 1933: 29. Protaetia mandschuriensis: Kim, 2000b: 215 (Man-ju-jeom-bak-i-kkot-mu-ji); 2001c: 148, 2004: 117.

Body pale green, strongly shiny, smooth, without setae or punctures, with some small, white patterns on elytra. Clypeal anterior margin straight. Frons with round, scattered punctures. Mesosternal process gingko-shaped, flat. Elytra with elytral humeral and lower lateral ridge, and with ∧-shaped sculpturing scattered between mediobasal part of suture and humeral angle. Legs with 3 protibial outer teeth, all tibiae and femurs with an internal row of greyish brown setae. Male: With short 7th abdominal sternite, elevated pygidium. Female: With long, sharp 7th abdominal sternite, depressed pygidium leterally. Ad: Basal piece flat from base to about 2/3rd of the way to median piece. Median piece very short, length about 1/8 times length of basal piece. Parameres with outer lobe large, straight, and with inner lobe narrowed to apex, apex with hook- like projection curved inwardly. BL: 22-28 mm, BW: 13-15 mm. LARVAE: Kim et al., 2003: 234.

DISTRIBUTION: China, Russia, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- PY- Pyeongyang, SK- GW Wonju, GS Gapyeong-G, Maseok, Seoul-C, Mt. Surisan, Anyang, Suwon-C, Hwaseong, Gwangju-G, CN Mt. Chilgabsan, Gongju, JB Gochang, Buan, Jinan, JN Mt. Baekyangsan. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (91 specimens): [SWU] NK: 3ex (Pyeongyang: vii-viii.1975-1982). GS: 23ex (Gapyeong-G, Seoul-C, Gwangju-G: iv-viii.1977-1996). CB: 4ex (Mt. Gyemyeongsan Chungju: 17.vi.2003). CN: 2ex (Mt. Chilgabsan: vii.1987). JB: 2ex (Gochang, Buan: vi.1991, 1995). [NAAS] GS: 1ex (Mt. Surisan: 27.v.1984); 2ex[Kasan (=Mt. Hwasan Hwaseong, GG): 1.vi.1922]. [SNU] GW: 2ex (Wonju: 27.vi.1997). GS: 8ex (Maseok, Seoul, Suwon-C, Anyang: v-viii.1970-1993). CN: 4ex (Gongju: 4.v.1991). JB: 1ex (Jinan: 30.vii.1994). [KU] GW: 4ex (Hwacheon, Gangchon: vi.1967, 1988). GS: 34ex (Gapyeong-G, Pocheon-G, Seoul: v-ix.1934-1991). JN: 1ex (Mt. Baekyangsan: 4.viii.1974). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 91 specimens →5.iv-21.ix. (iv- 1, v- 20, vi- 48, vii- 10, viii- 11, ix- 1 specimen).

14. Protaetia orientalis submarmorea (Burmeister, 1842) (Pls. 2-14, 11-14, 17-14) Jeom-bak-i-kkot-mu-ji (점박이꽃무지)

Cetonia orientalis Gory and Perchron; 1833: 193. 52 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Cetonia submarmorea Burmeister, 1842: 460: Bates, 1888: 377. Protaetia orientalis: Ku, 1963: 28; Hyun and Woo, 1969: 194; Kim, 1978: 385; Kim et al., 1979: 84; 1982a: 145; 1983a: 166; 1989: 177; 2000a: 141; Lee and Kwon, 1981: 154; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 157; 1985: 105; Park and Park, 1987: 673; Kim, 1993: 66; Lee et al., 1994: 147. Potosia (Calopotosia) submarmorea: Reitter, 1898: 67. Protaetia orientalis submarmorea: Paik, 1984: 184 (Jeom-ba-gi-ggot-mu-ji); Miksi´ˇ c, 1987: 543; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 154; Kim, 2000b: 214; 2002: 120; 2002b: 146; 2004: 117; 2005: 80. Potosia aerata Erichson, 1834: 240: Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 172; Okamoto, 1924: 180; Doi, 1935: 3; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 88; Cho, 1957: 302; 1963: 220; 1969: 194; KSZ, 1968: 138; Cho et al., 1968: 265; Won and Choi, 1968: 379; Shin and Noh, 1970: 37; Kim and Kim, 1971a: 54; 1972a: 84; 1972b: 197; 1974a: 109; 1974b: 230; KSPP, 1972: 208; Stebnicka, 1980: 284; Yoon and Nam, 1986: 160; 1989: 140; Miksi´ˇ c, 1987: 541. Protaetia ishigakia Fairmaire, 1898 (misidentified): Kim, 1981: 345; Kim and Chang, 1982b: 173. Protaetia lewisi Janson, 1888 (misidentified): Kim, 1981: 345; Kim and Chang, 1982a: 146. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: P. orientalis=Hin-Jeom-ba-gi-ggot-mu-ji (Hyun and Woo, 1969), Jeom-ba- gi-P-D-I (Kim, 1978 and 3 others); P. aerata=Hin-jeom-ba-gi-ggot-mu-ji (Cho, 1963, Cho et al., 1968), Jeom-ba-gi-P-D-I (KSZ, 1969 and 10 others), Ae-jeom-ba-gi-ggot-mu-ji (KSPP, 1972). TYPE LOCALITY: Cetonia orientalis Gory and Perchron →China. Cetonia submarmorea Burmeister →China.

Body strongly shiny green, but with many individuals reddish purple or dark. Clypeus with anterior margin deeply emarginate, but reflexed laterally. Frons raised, with many deep, round, rough, dense punctures. Pronotum with round, dense punctures lateromedially. Protibiae with 3 outer teeth, 3rd tooth rudimentary. Eltyra with semicircular, dense sculpturing; with white, irre- gular patterns. Male: Pygidium convexly swollen. Abominal sternites with low longitudinal groove, with short 7th sternite. Female: Protibiae with distinct 3 outer teeth. Pygidium depressed laterally. Abominal sternite 7 narrow, long. Subspecies P. orientalis submarmorea: Clypeus with distinctly reflexed anterior margin, and with strong, dense sculpturing. Ad: Basal piece with wide, lump-liked base, length approximately 2 times length of median piece. Median piece with lobes elevated, elevated near base. Parameres with internal lobe straight, apex sharply projected, with outer lobe narrowed toward middle part, apex flat, circular. BL: 16-25 mm, BW: 11-15 mm. LARVAE: Kim M.A. et al., 2003: 235.

DISTRIBUTION: India, Himalayan area, Laos, China, Taiwan, Korea, Japan, Guam; subspecies- Taiwan, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo, Is. Ulleungdo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- Pyeongyang, Onseiri (=Onjeong-ri Mt. Geumgangsan), Wonsan, SK- About 1,000 specimens at 100 sites of 130 regions of the mountains, plains and islands across the entire country including Seoul. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (745 specimens): [SWU] NK: 1ex (Pyeongyang: 10.viii.1971). GW: 7ex (Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Odaesan, Mt. Chiaksan, Hoengseong, Hongcheon, Chuncheon: vii-viii.1974-1992). GS: 164ex (Gapyeong-G, Yangpyeong-G, Seoul, Gwangju-G, Suwon, Yong-in, Seongnam, , Incheon-C, Ganghwa-G, Iss. in Ongjin-G: iv-x.1957-1997). CBN: 17ex (Chungju, Jecheon, Cheongju, Goesan, , Mt. Mansusan, Gongju, , Daejeon: v-viii.1967-2003). GBN: 98ex (Yeong- pung, Munkyeong, Euiryeong, Cheongsong, Uljin, Daegu, Gyeongju, Pohang, Busan, Namhae, Eonyang, , , Changryeong: v-viii.1979-1997); 1ex (Gyeongju: 26.vii.1990); 1ex (Tongyeong: Scarabaeoidea: Cetonidae: Cetoniinae 53

27.vii.1996). JBN: 86ex (Muju, Buan, Iri, Mt. Jirisan, Gurye, Yeongkwang, Yeong-am, , Yeocheon, Naju, Muan, Is. Wando: vi-viii.1958-1997); 5ex (Is. Choyakdo Wando: 15, 16.vii.2003). JJ: 130ex (vi-viii.1974-1994); 1ex (Is. Gageodo Sinan: 16.viii.2009). [NAAS] GW: 1ex [Onseiri (=Onjeong- ri Mt. Geumgangsan): 25.vi.1924]; 1ex (Chunseong: 30.v.1980). GS: 1ex(Mt. Myeongjisan: 10.vi.1982); 11ex (Suwon: vi-xi.1965-1992). GBN: 2ex [Tsudoji (=Tongdosa Yangsan, GN): 25.vii.1922]; 2ex (Gumi, Namhae: vii, viii.1993, 1998). JN: 2ex (Is. Heuksando: vi, vii.1973, 1975). JJ: 5ex (vii-viii.1922- 1988). [SNU] GW: 7ex (Cheolwon, Mt. Chiaksan, Chuncheon: vi.1988-1992). GS: 58ex (Gapyeong-G, Yeoncheon-G, Seoul, Incheon, Suwon, Pyeongtaek: iv-ix.1969-1997). CB: 1ex (Okcheon: 24.vi.1986). GBN: 5ex (Wolseong, Daegu, : vi-x.1987-1995). JBN: 13ex (Is. Seonyudo, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Yeong-am, Gwangju: vi-viii.1986-1997). JJ: 1ex (17.vii.1995). [KU] GW: 7ex (Goseong, Yangyang, Hwacheon, Gangchon, Hongcheon: iv-viii.1968-1995). GS: 45ex (Yeoncheon- G, Incheon, Gapyeong-G, Seoul, Suwon-C, Pyeongtaek, Mt. Yongmunsan, Ganghwa-G: iv-x.1932- 1990). CBN: 4ex (Mt. Soknisan, Cheongju, Mt. Chilgabsan: vi-vii.1957-1979). GBN: 10ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Bulyeong, Gimcheon, Tongyeong: vi-vii.1978-1990). JBN ↔JJ: 53ex (Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Daedunsan, Sinan-gundo, Chuja-gundo: v-viii.1955-1990). [HSU] CN: 4ex (Mt. Gayasan: v- vi.1996, 1997). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 615 specimens →18.iv-18.xi. (iv- 1, v- 27, vi- 114, vii- 242, viii- 202, ix- 22, x, xi- 7 specimens).

Genus Anthracophora Burmeister, 1842: 624. Al-lag-pung-deng-i-sog (알락풍뎅이속)

Size small to medium. Dorsal side flat, without metallic lustre; ventral side and legs lustrous. Clypeus short, with shallowly emarginate anterior margin. Prosternum with high, cork-shaped process. Elytron with shallow posthumeral emargination, with 9 striae. Type species: Anthracophora rusticola Burmister, 1842. subgenus Anthracophora: Cetonia crusifera Olivier, 1789: 39. subgenus Poecilophilides: Anthracophora rusticola Burmister, 1842: 624.

SPECIES 9 in Palaearctic and Oriental Region (Miksi´ˇ c, 1982), 7 in Palaearctic (Gorodinski, 2009) (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Palaearctic and Oriental Region. KEY REFERENCE: Miksi´ˇ c (1982), Kim (2001b).

15. Anthracophora rusticola Burmister, 1842 (Pls. 2-15, 11-15, 17-15) Al-lag-pung-deng-i (알락풍뎅이)

Anthracophora rusticola Burmister, 1842: 624: Kolbe, 1886: 196; Heyden, 1887: 255; Niijima and Kino- shita, 1923: 164; Okamoto, 1924: 179; Kamijo, 1932: 21; Doi, 1935: 3; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 90; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 91; Cho, 1957: 302; 1963: 220 (Al-lag-P-D-I): KSZ, 1968: 138; Ku, 54 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

1963: 27; Cho et al., 1968: 265 (A. susticola); Won and Choi, 1968: 379; Hyun and Woo, 1969: 193; KSPP, 1972: 206; Kim and Kim, 1971: 160; Miksi´ˇ c, 1982: 487; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 154; Kim and Lee, 1997a: 231; Kim and Kim, 1998: 170; Kim, 1993: 66; 1998: 354; 2000a: 141; 2001b: 149; 2006: 37. Poecillophilides rusticola: Cho, 1969: 695; Kim, 1978: 386; Yoon and Nam, 1979b: 150; Stebnicka, 1980: 284; Kim and Kim, 1974a: 109; Kim and Nam, 1977: 131; 1982a: 157; 1982b: 277; 1984: 329; 1985: 105; Lee and Kwon, 1981: 154; Kim and Chang, 1982a: 146; 1987b: 506; Nam and Kim, 1983: 129; Lie et al., 1997: 89. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Al-lag-pung-deong-i (Ku, 1963) Bul-geun-al-lag-P-D-I (Hyun and Woo, 1969; KSPP, 1972). TYPE LOCALITY: Amur in Russia.

Body black, weakly shiny. Dorsal side covered with yellowish to reddish brown scaly setae, scattered black spotted patterns, some specimens dorsally dark brown or oily. Clypeus short, with shallowly emarginate anterior margin. Pronotum with punctures small, round medially; large, semicircular laterally. Mesosternal process yellow to reddish brown, flat, kingko-shaped (subgenus Poecilophilides). Elytron with shallow posthumeral emargination, with 9 striae, 1st, 3rd, 5th, 6th interstice elevated. Male: 7th abdominal sternite short, pygidium horizontal with respect to abdomen. Female: 7th abdominal sternite long but narrowed apically, pygidium black, slanted at approximately 30°angle. Ad: Evenly thickened, semicircularly curved. Basal piece quadrate, with large base, length approximately equal to median piece. Parameres curved cylindrical, enlarg- ed laterally and apically. BL: 16-22 mm, BW: 8-11 mm. LARVAE: Zhang, 1984: 29; Kalinina and Shabalin, 2008: 580.

DISTRIBUTION: China, Amur, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo, Is. Ulleungdo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- PY Mt. Daeseongsan, Samseok Songmun-ri, WN Haeju, SK- About 1,000 specimens from more than 180 sites in 150 regions in the mountains, plains and islands across the entire country including Seoul (21 sites) and Is. Ulleungdo. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (539 specimens): [SWU] GS: 46ex (Gapyeong-G, Namyangju-G, Hwaseong- G, Icheon, Gwangju, Iss. in Ongjin-G: v-x.1981-1991). CBN: 5ex (Bo-eun, Seosan, Taean, Gongju: v-viii.1984-1991). GB: 3ex (Yeongpung, Sacheon: vii,viii.1979-1988). JBN: 5ex (Naebyeonsan, Jeongeub, Yeocheon, Goheung, Jangseong: v-vii.1984-1994). JJ: 5ex (13.vii.1985). [NAAS] GW: 1ex (Hoengseong: 29.vii.1987). GG: 8ex (Suwon: v-ix.1922-1993). JBN: 1ex (Mt. Jirisan: 26.v.1994); 2ex [Hakuyosan (=Mt. Baekyangsan Jangseong, JN): 25.vi.1922]. JJ: 1ex (vi.1919). ?: 2ex (Kiho: 6.vi. 1924); 1ex (Tashiro chikuto: 28.v.1982). [SNU] GW: 1ex (: 30.ix.1965). GS: 32ex (Cheong- pyeong, Suwon, Incheon: iv-ix.1957-1994). CBN: 2ex (Cheongju, Nonsan: v, vi.1988, 1995). GB: 1ex (Wolseong: 5.vi.1987). JN: 30ex (Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan: vi-viii.1969-1988). [KU] GW: 17ex (Goseong, Mt. Sogeumgang, Mt. Chiaksan: vi-xi.1971-79). GS: 1ex [Keijo (=Seoul): 7.viii.1934]; 329ex (Cheongpyeong, Mt. Cheonmasan, Paldang, Goyang, Seoul, Gwangneung, Seongnam, Gwangju, Pyeongtaek: v-x.1955-1985). CBN: 9ex (Mt. Soknisan, Mt. Gyeryongsan: v-viii.1957- 1973). GBN: 3ex (Yeongju, Mt. Gayasan: vii-viii.1960-1974). JBN: 15ex (Muju, Naebyeonsan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Jogyesan, Is. Hongdo: v-viii.1956-1991). ?: 2ex (Zokuni: 15.viii.1930). [HSU] CN: 3ex (Mt. Gayasan: v-vi.1994-1997). [HNHM- NK] PY: 14ex (Mt. Daeseongsan: 23.ix.1978). BIOLOGY: Okamoto and Nakayama, 1940: 198; Takahashi et al., 2006: 46 (Japan); Kim, 1998: 351 (vulnerable species in Korea). REMARKS: This species aggregates at tree resin. No specimens of this species have been collected Scarabaeoidea: Cetonidae: Cetoniinae 55 since 1997 (represented by a single specimen). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 525 specimens →5.iv-19.xi. (iv- 1, v- 74, vi- 108, vii- 77, viii- 48, ix- 179, x- 28, xi- 10 specimens).

Genus Glycyphana Burmeister, 1842: 345. Geom-jeong-ggot-mu-ji-sog (검정꽃무지속)

Small to medium sized scarabs. Dorsal side covered with scaly setae, surface shiny but without metallic lustre. Pronotum with nearly straight basal margin. Elytron with deep posthumeral emargination. Metacoxa distinctly separated. Type species: Cetonia horsfieldi Hope, 1831.

SPECIES 40 in Palaearctic and Oriental Regions (Miksi´ˇ c, 1982), 12 in Palaearctic (Gorodinski, 2009) (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Palaearctic and Oriental Region. KEY REFERENCE: Kim (2001b).

16. Glycyphana fulvistemma Motschulsky, 1860(Pls. 2-16, 11-16, 17-16) Geom-jeong-ggot-mu-ji (검정꽃무지)

Glycyphana fulvistemma Motschulsky, 1860: 135 (including several misspellings): Kolbe, 1886: 196; Heyden, 1887: 255; Bates, 1888: 377; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 180; Okamoto, 1924: 180; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 91; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 91; Cho, 1957: 303; 1963: 220; 1969: 695; Cho et al., 1967: 198; 1968: 265; KSZ, 1968: 138 (Geom-jeong-ggot-mu-ji); KSPP, 1972: 207; Kim and Kim, 1974b: 230; 1975: 255; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 157; 1982b: 277; Kim, 1978: 388; Stebnicka, 1980: 284; Kim, 1981: 345; 1993: 66; 2000a: 141; 2001: 132; 2001b: 150; 2002: 120; 2003: 127; 2004: 117; Miksi´ˇ c, 1982: 390; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 154; Lie et al., 1997: 90. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Hog-ggot-mu-ji (Cho, 1963), Heug-ggot-mu-ji (Cho et al., 1967, 1968), Meok-ggot-mu-ji (KSPP, 1972).

Body black, dorsal side with velvety covering of black, scaly setae. Clypeus with anterior margin narrow, emarginate medially, reflexed. Pronotum scattered horseshoe-shaped punctures laterally, with wrinkled sculpturing and round depressions basally. Mesosternal process short, very wide, large onion-shaped; meta-epimeron roughly wrinkled, covered with short, dense setae. Elytra with scattered, transverse, pale yellow pattern in medially. Male: Protibiae narrow, with 3 indistinct outer teeth. Female: Protibiae large, with 3 distinct outer teeth. Ad: thickened, apical half of parameres curved inwardly. Basal piece with very large base, length slightly shorter than median piece. Parameres with thick basal part, apex thin, divided inwardly. Internal lobe narrowed, external lobe flat, straight. BL: 11-14 mm, BW: 6-8 mm. LARVAE: Medvedev, 1952: 173; Zhang, 1984: 29. 56 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

DISTRIBUTION: Taiwan, China, Siberia, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Musan Sharei (=Charyeong), HN Hyangsan Manpokdong valley, Yongseong, Wonsan, Anbyun Temp. Seokwangsa PN Suncheon Jamo-ri, SK- More than 400 speci- mens from about 130 sites in 100 regions in the mountains and plains across the entire mainland including Seoul (9 counties=dong) and Jejudo. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (344 specimens): [SWU] GW: 3ex (Goseong, Gangchon, Chuncheon: v- vii.1984-1995). GS: 33ex (Mt. Cheonmasan, Namyangju-G, Seoul-C, Seongnam, Is. Ganghwado: iv-ix.1975-1998). CB: 7ex (Chungju: vi-ix.2000-2003). CN: 2ex (Mt. Mansusan: vi, vii.1999); 1ex (: 6.v.2002). GB: 7ex(Uljin: 29.v.1999). GN: 1ex(Andong: 16.vii.2000). JBN: 2ex (Gochang: v-vi.1991, 1992); 1ex (Piagol: 22.v.1999). [NAAS] NK: 3ex[Shakuoji (=Temp. Seokwangsa Anbyeon, HN), Sharei (Charyeong Musan, HB): vi-vii.1922]. GS: 2ex [Kasan (=Mt. Hwasan Hwaseong): vi.1923]; 7ex (Suwon: v-vii.1958-1984). CBN: 2ex (Cheongju, Cheongyang: ix.1985, v.1987). GN: 1ex (Sacheon: 30.viii.1983). [SNU] GW: 3ex (Mt. Odaesan, Mt. Chiaksan: v-ix.1988-1997). GS: 33ex (Gapyeong, Cheongpyeong, Seoul, Suwon, Gwangju, Mt. Manisan: v-x.1957-1995). CB: 3ex (Mt. Wolaksan: vi-vii.1983-1992). JBN: 24ex (Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Jirisan: v-vii.1969-1995). [KU] GW: 4ex (Mt. Seolaksan, Hwacheon, Gangchon, Mt. Chiaksan: vi.1968-1977). GS: 133ex (Pocheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Gwangneung, Namyangju-G, Gimpo, Seoul, Seongnam: iv-vii.1933-1992). CB: 2ex (Munkyeong, Mt. Hwanghaksan: v, vi.1977-8). JBN: 10ex (Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Jirisan: v-vii.1956-1991); 2ex (Kouryo: 12.ix.1933). [HSU] CN: 47ex (Mt. Gayasan: iv-vi.1994-1997). [HNHM - NK] HB: 6ex (Cheongjin: 2-5.vi.1991). GW: 1ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: 30.v.1970). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 288 specimens →6.iv-10.x. (iv- 6, v- 130, vi- 122, vii- 17, viii- 4, ix- 8, x- 1 specimen).

Genus Gametis Burmeister, 1842: 358. Pul-saeg-ggot-mu-ji-sog (풀색꽃무지속)

Mainly small species. Dorsal side shiny black, occasionally green, with orange or red patterns. Clypeus with anterior margin weakly reflexed, strongly enlarged laterally. Pronotum with base deeply concaved medially, with each side angled to arced. Mesosternal process with indistinct base. Elytron with deep posthumeral emargination. In Korea, 4 specific and 5 subspecific names of species were recorded, but all of them are synonyms of a single species. Type species: Cetonia versicolor Fabricius, 1775.

SPECIES 6 in Palaearctic and Oriental Regions (Miksi´ˇ c, 1982), 6 in Palaearctic (Gorodinski, 2009) (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Palaearctic and Oriental Region. KEY REFERENCE: Kim (2001b). Scarabaeoidea: Cetonidae: Cetoniinae 57

17. Gametis jucunda (Faldermann, 1935) (Pls. 2-17, 11-17, 17-17) Pul-saeg-ggot-mu-ji (풀색꽃무지)

Cetonia jucunda Faldermann, 1835: 386. Glycyphana jucunda: Kolbe, 1886: 195; Heyden, 1887: 255; Bates, 1888: 377. Oxycetonia jucunda: Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 182; 1937: 28; Okamotom 1924: 180; Cho, 1934: 75; 1957: 303; 1963: 221; 1969: 696; Yoshino, 1935a: 14; Morita, 1936: 861; Masaki, 1936: 261; Doi, 1937: 62; 1938: 97; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 92; Nagaoka, 1938: 25, 1940: 474; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 92; Kim, 1956: 9; 1958: 98; 1960: 27; Ku, 1963: 28; Cho et al., 1967: 198; 1968: 265; KSZ, 1968: 138 (Pul-saeg-ggot-mu-ji); Won and Choi, 1968: 379; Hyun and Woo, 1969: 193; Kim and Kim, 1971b: 160; 1972a: 84; 1974a: 109; 1974b: 230; 1975: 255; 1976: 102; Kim and Nam, 1977: 31; 1982a: 157; 1982b: 277; 1984a: 329; 1984b: 104; 1985: 105; Gu, 1973: 83; Kim, 1978: 389; Yoon and Nam, 1979a: 83, 1979b: 150; 1986: 160; Yoon et al., 1990: 111; Stebnicka, 1980: 286; Kim, 1981: 345; Nam and Kim, 1983: 129; Kim and Chang, 1983a: 167; 1984: 170; 1987b: 506; Park and Park, 1987: 673; Lee and Ko, 1988: 211; Lee et al., 1994: 147; Lie et al., 1997: 91. Gametis jucunda: Miksi´ˇ c, 1982: 188; Kim et al., 1987a: 224; 1989: 177; 1991e: 180; 1992b: 154; 1994: 111; 1997a: 233; 1998: 170; 1999: 130; 2000a: 141; 2001: 132; 2002: 120; 2003: 127; 2004: 117; 2005: 80; 2006: 37; Yoon et al., 1990: 111; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 154; Kim, 1993: 66; 1995a: 166; 1995b: 140; 1996c: 174. Glycyphana kuperi Schaum, 1848: 69: Bates, 1888: 377. Oxycetonia jucunda kuperi: Niijima and Kinoshita, 1937: 28; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 92; Cho, 1957: 303. Oxycetonia jucunda ferruginosa Reitter, 1898: 35: Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 182; Okamoto, 1924: 180; Kamijo, 1932: 21; Cho, 1934: 75; 1957: 303; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 92; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 92; Nagaoka, 1940: 474. Oxycetonia jucunda dolens Kraatz, 1879: 236: Cho, 1934: 75; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 92; Nagaoka, 1940: 474. Oxycetonia jucunda bealiae Gory and Percheron, 1833: 282: Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 92. Glycyphana albosetosa Motschulsky, 1861: 9: Okamoto, 1924: 180. Glycyphana argyrosticta Burmeister, 1842: 360: Okamoto, 1924: 180. Oxycetonia jucunda ab. borealis: Nagaoka, 1940: 474 (unavailable name). OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Ae-ggot-mu-ji (Cho, 1969 and 4 others), Ae-gi-ggot-mu-ji (Kim, 1958, 1960), Ae-cho-rog-ggot-mu-ji (KSPP, 1972).

Body black, covered with pale yellow setae, scaly setae, and/or pubescens. Dorsal surface green, with pronotal and elytral patterns small, pale yellow, scattered. Color variation high, includes specimens with pairs of large, red patterns on elytra to specimens that are entirely black. Clypeus with anterior margin emarginate deeply in a V-shape, each lateral margin strongly enlarged. Proti- biae with 3 distinct outer teeth, teeth larger in females. First metatarsi with outer tip enlarged as a sharp tooth. Abdominal sternites without longitudinal depression in male. Ad: Thickened, basal piece especially thick. Basal piece elongate bell-shape with large base, length approximately 1.6 times length of median piece. Paramere slightly narrowed apically, with thick internal lobes, apical process elongate. BL: 10-14 mm, BW: 7-9 mm. LARVAE: Murayama, 1931: 79; Medvedev, 1952: 174; Zhang, 1984: 28(O. jucunda).

DISTRIBUTION: India, Nepal, Vietnam, Taiwan, China, Russia, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. 58 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Mt. Gwanmobong, Nanam, Jueul, Posangdong, YG Hyesanjin, HN Gaema-plateau, Bujeonryeong, Gapsan, PB Mt. Myohyangsan (3 sites), PN Mt. Nanglimsan, SK- About 7,000 specimens from more than 200 sites in 140 regions in the mountains, plains and islands across the entire country including Seoul (15 sites). SPECIMEN EXAMINED (5,358 specimens): [SWU] GW: 167ex (Goseong, Samcheok-G, Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Odaesan, Pyeongchang-G, Inje-G, Hongcheon-G, Hoengseong, Chunseong-G, Wonju: iv- viii.1980-2001). GS: 1,435ex (Yeoncheon-G, Gwangneung, Pocheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Yangju-G, Namyangju-G, Seoul, Seongnam, Yong-in, Gwangju-G, Yangpyeong-G, -G, Pyeongtaek, Ganghwa-G, Ongjin-G: iv-x.1976-2000); 1ex (Is. Deokjeokdo: 25.vi.2005); 1ex (: 26.viii.2005); 3ex (Seoul Seocho: 15, 21.v.2002). CBN: 66ex (Chungju, Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Soknisan, Jungwon-G, Chungju, Okcheon, Daejeon, Cheonan: v-ix.1986-2003); 1ex (Cheongwon Miwon: 7.vi.2008). GBN: 146ex (Mt. Eoraesan, Mt. Sobaeksan, Mt. Juwangsan, Yeongpung, Cheongsong, Munkyeong, Andong, Uljin, Ulsan, Geochang, Sacheon: v-x.1979-2002); 1ex (Sangju: 6.vii.2008). JBN: 38ex (Gochang, Buan, Muju, Yeongkwang, Yeocheon-G: v-ix.1989-1993); 5ex (Is. Heuksando: 27.v.2008). JJ: 6ex(v- viii.1988-1994); Out of list 1,500ex. [NAAS] NK: 20ex [Seishin (=Cheongjin, HB), Shuotsu (=Jueul, HB), Sharei (=Charyeong, HB), Shakuoji (=Temp. Seokwangsa Anbyeon, HN): v-ix.1922, 1923]. GW: 1ex [Gesseiji (=Temp. Weoljeongsa in Mt. Odaesan): 15.ix.1923], 13ex (Chuncheon, Hongcheon: v- x.1985-1995). GS: 4ex [Kasan (=Mt. Hwasan Hwaseong): v-ix.1922]; 166ex (Gapyeong, Yangpyeong, Seoul, Suwon: iv-x.1922-1997); 4ex [Koryo (=Gwangneung): iv-vi.1923, 1924]. CBN: 3ex (Goesan, Cheongju, Cheongyang: v-viii.1963-1991). GBN: 106ex (Yecheon, Bonghwa, Yeongdong, Masan, Sacheon, Namhae: v-ix.1974-1993). JBN: 14ex (Iri, Mt. Baekyangsan, Mt. Naejangsan, Boseong, Seungju, Is. Jindo, Is. Heuksando: v-ix.1950-1996). JJ: 25ex (iv-x.1919-1996). [SNU] GW: 1ex (Chun- cheon: 11.v.1985). GS: 1ex (Imjin-R: 20.vi.1988); 486ex (Gapyeong-G, Suwon. Anyang, Gwangju, Yangpyeong, Is. Ganghwado, Seoul: iii-x.1969-1997). CB: 7ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Goesan: v-vi.1984- 1992). GB: 4ex (Weolseong: vi.1987). JN: 28ex (Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Jirisan: v-viii.1969-1997). JJ: 5ex (iv-ix.1967-1992). [KU] GW: 18ex (Goseong, Mt. Seolaksan, Hwacheon, Chuncheon, Hongcheon: iv-viii.1978-1988). GS: 412ex (Gapyeong-G, Pocheon-G, Yangpyeong, Seoul, Gwangneung, Seong- nam, Gwangju: iv-x.1969-1992). CB: 29ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Mt. Hwanghaksan, Bulyeong: vi-viii. 1978-1990). GN: 7ex (Tongyeong: vii.1978). JBN: 20ex (Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Jogyesan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Sinan: v-vii.1977-1991). JJ: 24ex (4.v.1978). [HSU] CN: 245ex (Temp. Sudeoksa, Seosan: iv-vi.1994-1997). [HNHM - NK] HB: 17ex (Cheongjin: 2-5.vi.1991). PB: 2ex (Mt. Myohyang- san: 16.vii.1982); 6ex (Kyollyong Reservoir PN: 30.ix.1978). PN: 2ex (Yeonpung-ho: 1.x.1978). PY: 1ex (Mt. Zamosan: 18.viii.1971); 61ex (2.ix.1971). PY: 1ex (Mt. Ryongaksan: 29.ix.1979); 4ex (31.viii. 1971); 1ex (Pyeongyang city: 11.ix.1980). PY: 133ex (Mt. Daeseongsan: 10.vi.1970). PN: 1ex (Pyeong- hwa-ri: 23.v.1970); 6ex (16.viii.1971). PN: 11ex (Yeonpung-ho Gaecheon: 1.x.1978). PN: 1ex (Mt. Guksabong: 5.ix.1971). GW: 22ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: 29, 30.v.1970); 1ex(12.vii.1977); 1ex (17.vi.1985); 3ex (12.vii.1991); 2ex (Samilpo: 29.ix.1979); 1ex (Chonjon: 9.vi.1991). WB: 9ex (Soheung-ho Sariwon: 28.ix.1978). WN: 7ex (Mt. Suyangsan Haeju: 27, 28.ix.1978). GG: 17ex (Mt. Bagyeonsan: 6-8.vi.1970). MONTHLY COLLECTION: all Korean 3,430 specimens →20.iii-3.xi. (iii- 2, iv- 148, v- 902, vi- 1,156, vii- 221, viii- 174, ix- 638, x- 84, xi- 1 specimen). BIOLOGY: Nakayama and Okamoto, 1940: 199; Saito, 1941: 12. REMARKS: Using individual numbers or body weight as a measurement of Korean Cetoniidae, this is the dominant species. The elytral patterns in this species are highly variable. Miksi´ˇ c (1982) classified this species into 13 subspecies, and following 5 subspecies were recorded from Korea: G. jucunda kuperi (Schaum), G. jucunda ferruginosa Reitter, G. jucunda dolens (Kraatz), G. jucunda albosetosa (Motschulsky), and G. Scarabaeoidea: Cetonidae: Cetoniinae 59 jucunda argyrosticta Burmeister.

Tribe Cremastochilini Burmeister and Schaum, 1841: 243. Gae-mi-jip-sal-i-ggot-mu-ji-jog (new Korean name) (개미집살이꽃무지족: Newly named)

Cremastochilidae Burmeister and Schaum, 1841.

Mandible chitinous, strongly rigid, sharp. Mentum enlarged. cup-shaped. Spiracle on last abdo- minal segment protruding. Adults and larvae live in ant or termite nests. Type genus: Knoch, 1801.

GENERA 2 in Palaearctic Region (Gorodinski, 2009), 4 in North America (Arnett, 1963) (1 in Korea). SPECIES 20 in Palaearctic (Gorodinski, 2009), 36 in North America (Arnett, 1963) (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Palaearctic, Oriental, Nearctic and Neotropical Regions. KEY REFERENCE: Krikken (1977), Arnett (1963).

Genus Clinterocera Motschulsky, 1858: 112. Hol-jjuk-ggot-mu-ji-sog (홀쭉꽃무지속)

Callynomes Westwood, 1874. Cholerastoma Mohnike, 1871.

Two species recorded from Korea. In my opinion, the specimens identified by Stebnicka (1980) as Clinterocera mandarina (Westwood, 1874) were misidentified. Type species: Cremastochila scabrosa Motschulsky, 1853: 47.

18. Clinterocera obsoleta (Fairmaire, 1878) (Pls. 2-18, 11-18, 17-18) Hol-jjuk-ggot-mu-ji (홀쭉꽃무지)

Callynomes obsoletus Fairmaire, 1878: 108: Kolbe, 1886: 196; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 185; Mura- yama, 1935b: 6; Mochiuzuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 96; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 94; Cho, 1957: 303; 1969: 696; KSZ, 1968: 138 (Hol-jjuk-ggot-mu-ji); Kim and Kim, 1974b: 230; 1975: 256; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 157; 1982b: 277; Kim, 1981: 345; Kim et al., 1987b: 506; 1998c; 357; 2004: 117. Clinterocera obsoleta: Stebnick, 1980: 210; Yoon et al., 1990: 111; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 154 (Man-ju- hol-jjuk-ggot-mu-ji); Kim, 2001b: 153. Clinterocera mandarina Westwood, 1874 (misidentified): Stebnicka, 1980: 210; Kalinina, 1989: 432; Lie et al., 1997: 92. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Man-ju-hol-jjuk-ggot-mu-ji (ESK and KSAE, 1994). 60 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

TYPE LOCALITY: China.

Body slender, long, shiny black, with a pair of small, yellowish white patterns on medial part of elytra. Head large, very highly elevated medially, with small compound eyes. Clypeus very large, with anterior margin nearly straight, lateral margins rounded. Antennal scape especially large, flat, disk-like. Mouthparts hidden in mentum. Pronotum disk-like, with large basal part. Mesoster- nal process very thin but distinct, located between procoxae. Elytra with flat upper side, with scat- tered, horseshoe-shaped sculptures. Protibiae with 2 distinct outer teeth in female, weakly defined in male. Male: 7th abdominal sternite longer than that of female. Ad: Basal piece and median piece very long, thin. Parameres at right angles to basal piece, laterobasal parts enlarged triangu- larly, apex roundly. BL: 15-17 mm, BW: 4-5.5 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: China, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- Nanam, Huchang, Pyeongyang, SK- GW Hwacheon, Chuncheon-C, Gangchon, Mt. Samaksan, Pyeongchang, Hongcheon, GS Mt. Myeongjisan, Pocheon-C, Gapyeong- G, Namyangju-G, Gwangneung, Icheon, Yangpyeong, Suwon, Incheon, Daeseong-ri, Mt. Cheon- deoksan, Mt. Godaesan, Mt. Soyosan, Mt. Myeongseongsan, Mt. Cheonmasan, Maseok, Pyeongnae, Gwangneung, Byeokje, Mt. Wangbangsan, Mt. Cheongkyesan, Mt. Surisan, Gwangju, Dongguneung, Seongnam, Namhansanseong, Guam-ri, Icheon, Seoul (Jahamun, Dongjak-d., Yeonhee-d.), Pyeong- taek, CBN Mt. Wolaksan, Chungju, Danyang, Cheonan, Mt. Gayasan, Yesan, GBN Munkyeong, Mt. Sobaeksan, Temp. Donghwasa, Gachang, Daegu, Mt. Juwangsan, Euiryeong, Gosangok, Temp. Hae-insa, Namhae, Busan, JBN Mt. Naejangsan, Temp. Cheoneunsa, Gwangyang; C. mandarina by Stebnicka (1980): Kyeongseong, HB; Dzuyr=Jueul, HB; Mt. Suyangsan near Hedzu, WN. SPECIMENS EXAMINED (201 specimens): [SWU] GW: 6ex (Chuncheon, Pyeongchang: v-vii.1981- 1987). GS: 82ex (Goyang, Pocheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Namyangju-G, Seoul-C, Suwon, Seongnam, Gwangju, Pyeongtaek: iv-ix.1975-1996). CB: 4ex (Mt. Gyemyeongsan Chungju, Mt. Soknisan, Mt. Wolaksan: v,vi.1989, 1995, 2003); 2ex(Goesan: 14.v.1999). GB: 13ex(Munkyeong: v.1996); 1ex(Yeongju Punggi: 28.v.1999). JB: 1ex (Muju Seolcheon-m.: 4.vii.1993). [NAAS] GW: 1ex (Wonseong-gun: 30.v.1982). GS: 1ex [Koryo (=Gwangneung): 1.vi.1924]; 1ex (Suwon: 13.v.1990). GN: 1ex (Namhae: 18.viii.1993). [KU] GW: 14ex (Hwacheon, Chuncheon-C, Hongcheon: v-vi.1967-1984). GS: 51ex (Mt. Soyosan, Mt. Wangbangsan, Mt. Cheonmasan, Mt. Cheongkyesan, Mt. Myeongseongsan, Yangpyeong, Suwon, Seongnam, Icheon: iv-viii.1932-1992). CBN: 2ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Danyang: v.1984, 1987); 1ex(Cheonan: 23.vii.1931). GB: 11ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Mt. Juwangsan: iv-vi.1974-1989). JBN: 3ex (Mt. Naejangsan, Gwangyang: v-vii.1985-1991); ?- 1ex (Gunnaido Cosho-c: 28.iv.1937). [HSU] CN: 1ex (Yesan: 17.v.1997). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 201 specimens → 5.iv-20.ix. (iv- 6, v- 118, vi- 67, vii- 3, viii- 4, ix- 3 specimens). Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Adoretini 61

Family Rutelidae MacLeay, 1819: 69. Pung-deng-i-gwa (풍뎅이과)

Rutelidae MacLeay, 1819.

Body nearly oval in most species, medium sized, shiny, frequently strongly metallic with varying colors of green, dark blue, brown, yellow, etc. Mandible weakly chitinous, hidden under clypeus. Labrum horizontal, hidden under clypeus. Antennae with 9-10 antennomeres, with 3 antennomere club. Scutellum and pygidium exposed. Legs with procoxa transversal; mesotibiae and metatibiae with 2 terminal spurs; 1 claw movable, differs in size and length; onychium flatten horizontally. Larvae: Body slender, long, curved to C-shaped; legs long, claw with 2 setae. Stridulatory organ between mandible and maxilla. Adults phytophagous, feed on foliage or flowers of many plants. Larvae saprophagous on dead plant tissue, can be agricultural pests eating roots or leaves. The family Rutelidae was classified as a subfamily of Melolonthidae by some early authors. Some authors classify this group in Scarabaeidae as done by Machatschke (1972) and Lawrence and Newton (1995). There are six tribes including Rutelini and Anomalini, which are distributed world- wide. This subfamily is most diverse in the Neotropical Region, but is also widely distributed in Old World. The tribe Adoretini is only found in the Old World. Type genus: Latreille, 1802.

KEY REFERENCE: Reitter (1903), Ohaus (1915a, 1915b), Murayama (1938a), Medvedev (1949), Machatschke (1972), Kalinina (1989), Kim (1995c, 1995d, 1996a, 1996b, 1997a, 1998a, 1998b, 2001b), Liu et al. (1997), Zorn (2004); Larvae: Murayama (1931), Medvedev (1952), Zhang (1984).

HISTORY OF KOREAN RUTELIDAE: Kolbe (1886) firstly reported six species including a new species and a new subspecies, but both are now considered synonyms. It is possible that the latter subspe- cies was misidentified, but the reported specimen was not found. In the following year, Heyden (1887) added 10 species, and from this time to early 1990s, 16 generic names, 80 specific names and 20 subspecific names were recorded in South and North Korea. In the end of the last century, the names were arranged into 35 species in 11 genera after careful study (Kim, 1995c, d, 1996a, b, 1997a, 1998a, b). But four of the 35 species are doubtful records for Korea because the specimens have not been found.

TRIBES 6 (3 in Korea). GENERA 200-250 (?), 200 (Machatschke, 1972) (11 in Korea). SPECIES 4,500-5,000 (?), 4,100 (Machatschke, 1972) (35 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide. KEY REFERENCE: Kolbe (1886), Heyden (1887), Reitter (1903), Ohaus (1915a, 1915b), Nijiima and Kinoshita (1923, 1927), Murayama (1938a), Medvedev (1949), Kalinina (1989), Kim (1995c, 1995d, 1996a, 1996b, 1997a, 1998a, 1998b, 2001b).

Key to the tribes of family

1. Labrum perpendicular, fixed, long, narrowed medially. Clypeus large. Antennae with 10 anten- nomeres. Protibiae with 3 outer teeth, and with 2 very large, long claws····················Adoretini 62 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

- Labrum horizontal, movable, not fixed ····················································································2 2. Antennae with 10 antennomeres. Protibiae with 3 outer teeth, with inner spur located in apically. Elytral margin entirely chitinous. Last abdominal spiracles positioned in pleural suture····························································································································Rutelini - Antennae with 9 antennomeres. Protibiae generally with 2 outer teeth, with inner spur located subapically. Elytral margin membranous. Position of last abdominal spiracles are out of pleural suture························································································································Anomalini

Tribe Adoretini Burmeister, 1844: 466. Cha-sae-pung-deng-i-jog (차색풍뎅이족)

Adoretidae Burmeister, 1844.

This tribe is classified into five subtribes as follows: Adorrhinyptiina, Adoretina, Pachyrhinadoretina, Trigonostomina and Prodoretina. Subtribe Adoretina is classified into five genera: Adoretus, Adorodocia, Adoroleptus, Pseudadoretus and Scaphorhinadoretus. In Korea, only the genus Adoretus has been recorded. Type genus: Adoretus Dejean, 1833.

GENERA 5 (1 in Korea). SPECIES ? (2 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Old World. KEY REFERENCE: Kobayashi (1937), Kuijten (1922), Sawada (1938), Kim (1995c).

Genus Adoretus Dejean, 1833: 157. Cha-saeg-pung-deng-i-sog (차색풍뎅이속)

Five names are recorded from Korea, but one name is a synonym and 2 others are misidentified. Type species: Melolontha nigrifrons Steven, 1809 by subsequent designation Medvedev, 1949: 313 (from Russia and Central Asia).

SPECIES approximately 100 (2 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Africa, Old World, Australia.

Key to the species of genus Adoretus

1. Dorsal side covered with setae or scaly setae. Elytra with some longitudinal rows consisting of white, scaly setae (subgenus Lepadortus). Dorsal surface brown to dark brown, ventral side more dark. Pronotal punctures large, sparse. Elytral interstices without punctures····A. tenuimaculatus - Dorsal side covered with erect, soft setae. Elytral setae mixed with short and long erect setae Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Adoretini 63

(subgenus Chaetadoretus). Body pale brown to yellowish brown, but dark brown in frons and tarsi. Labral process with large apex. Each claw of tarsi different in length ··············A. hirsutus

19. Adoretus tenuimaculatus Waterhouse, 1875 (Pls. 2-19, 11-19, 17-19) Ju-dung-mu-nui-cha-saeg-pung-deng-i (주둥무늬차색풍뎅이)

Adoretus tenuimaculatus Waterhouse, 1875: 112 (including subgenus Lepadoretus): Kolbe, 1886: 192; Bates, 1888: 376; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 141; Okamoto, 1924: 178; Maruta, 1929: 370; Yoshino, 1935a: 14; Morita, 1936: 861; Masaki, 1936: 260; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 90; Cho, 1957: 295; 1963: 219; 1969: 682; Cho et al., 1967: 197; 1968: 265; Hyun and Woo, 1969: 197; Kim and Kim, 1971: 160; 1972a: 84; 1974a: 230; 1975: 250; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 156; 1985: 105; Kim, 1978: 369; Yoon and Nam, 1979: 149 (Ju-dung-mu-nui-cha-saeg-P-D-I); 1990a: 140; 1990b: 110; Kim, 1981: 345; 1992: 106; 1993: 65; 1995a; 165; 1995b: 139; 1995c: 38; 1997: 231; 2001b: 83; Kim et al., 1982a: 145; 1987c: 506; 1991a: 232; 1991b: 68; 1991c: 154; 1991d: 192; 1991e: 179; 1992b: 154; 1994: 111; 1996a: 58; 1996b: 128; 1998: 170; 1999: 130; 1996b: 128; 1998: 170; 1999: 130; 2000: 132; 2001: 132; 2002: 120; 2003: 126; 2004: 117; 2005: 79; 2006: 36; Nam and Kim, 1983: 128; Park and Cho, 1986: 128; 1992: 177; Park and Park, 1987: 673; Park and Kim, 1993: 113; Lee et al., 1994: 147; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 152; Lie et al., 1997: 46. Adoretus umbrosus var. tenuimaculatus: Heyden, 1887: 254; Okamoto, 1924: 178. Adoretus falciungulatus Nomura, 1965 (misidentification): Kim and Chang, 1987c: 506. Adoretus sinicus Burmeister, 1855 (errors and misidentification): Nomura, 1965: 8; KSPP, 1972: 205; Stebnicka, 1980: 280 (report many examples in North Korea). OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Ju-dung- (I)-mu-nui-cha-saeg-P-D-I (Cho, 1963 and 13 others); Dda-saeg- P-D-I (Cho et al., 1967); Cha-saeg-P-D-I (Hyun et al., 1969); Da-saeg-P-D-I (Ku, 1973; Kim et al., 1985); Ju-hong-ja-saeg-P-D-I (Kim, 1978 and 5 others). TYPE LOCALITY: Japan (very common all over the island).

Body long, oval, with dorsal surface pale brown to reddish brown (frequently dark brown), ventral side greyish black. Clypeus short, apex rounded, with anterior and lateral margins ridged by thinly reflexed margin. Punctures of head, pronotum and elytra not dense, punctures with short, yellowish white setae. Pronotum narrowed anteromedially, basal angles obtuse with distinct edges. Elytra with a longitudinal row consisting of more 10 white setal masses, these masses are easily abraded. Ad: Basal piece thick and simple. Parameres with each lobe enlarged adjacent to median parts, para- meres taper to a sharp tip at apex, so as a pen-chalk shape totally. BL: 8.5-14 mm, BW: 4.5-7.5 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Taiwan, China, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HN Wonsan, PY Mt. Ryongaksan, SK- About 4,000 specimens from about 180 sites from 130 regions in the mountains and plains across the entire mainland including Seoul (12 sites) and several islands of Deokjeokdo. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (3,280 specimens): [SWU] GW: 61ex (Goseong, Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Odaesan, Samcheok, Yanggu, Hwacheon-G, Inje, Chunseong-G, Hongcheon, Hoengseong, Wonju, Jeongseon: v-viii.1981-2001); 3ex (Chuncheon: 23.v.2002); 1ex (Chuncheon Bakam-ri: 10.vii.2009). GS: 495ex 64 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

(Is. Baek-ado, Iss. Deogjeok-gundo, Is. Ganghwado and all provinces including Seoul (4 st): v- x.1961-2000); 4ex (Seoul-C: 18, 31.v.2002; 22.v.2003; 1.vi.2003); 3ex (Is. Ganghwado: 12.vi.2005); 1ex (Suwon: 10.v.2002). CBN: 173ex (Chungju, Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Soknisan, Jungwon, Eumseong, Goesan, Cheongwon, Okcheon, Seosan, Hongseong, Boryeong, , Mt. Gwangdeoksan, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Daejeon, Nonsan, Mt. Mansusan: v-x.1986-2003); 2ex (Cheongwon-G.: 6, 7.vi.2008). GBN: 75ex (Munkyeong, Mt. Sobaeksan, Mt. Seondalsan, Bonghwa, Mt. Juwangsan, Andong, Mt. Palgongsan, Daegu, Ulsan, Jinyang, Masan: v-ix.1978-1998); 1ex (Sangju: 6.vii.2008). JBN: 116ex (Wanju, Jeongeub, Buan, Gochang, Jangseong, Mokpo, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Yeocheon: v- x.1979-1998); 1ex (Wanju: 27.vii.2002). JJ: 1ex (viii.1988); 2ex (5.v.1997). [NAAS] GW: 11ex (Chun- cheon, Hongcheon, Mt. Chiaksan, Pyeongchang: v-ix.1974-1997). GS: 152ex (Is. Ganghwado, Yeoncheon, Pocheon, Gwangneung, Seongnam, Yong-in, Suwon-C, Anseong, Pyeongtaek: iv- x.1921-1998). CBN: 60ex (Jungwon, Mt. Wolaksan, Goesan, Is. Anmyeondo, Gongju, Nonsan: v- viii.1983-1997). GBN: 30ex (Bonghwa, Andong, Daegu, Hamyang, Habcheon, Jinyang, Milyang, Ulsan, Sacheon, Namhae: v-viii.1976-1997). JBN: 22ex (Jeonju, Jeongeub, Naju, Gangjin, Mt. Baek- wunsan, Seungju, Goheung: vi-xi.1921-1996). JJ: 14ex (iv-x.1975-1996). [SNU] GW: 9ex (Mt. Seolaksan, Cheolwon, Wonju: v-viii.1977-1995). GS: 314ex (Is. Ganghwado, Gapyeong-G, Namyang- ju-G, Yangpyeong-G, Seoul (5 st), Anyang, , Suwon-C, Yong-in, Anseong, Gwangju-G, Yeoju-G: iv-x.1957-1997). CBN: 41ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Goesan, Cheongwon-gun, Eumseong, Asan, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Nonsan: iii-xi.1984-1995). GBN: 18ex (Daegu, Pohang, Sancheong, Changnyeong, Yangsan, Busan: vi-viii.1987-1996) JBN: 189ex (, Mt. Jirisan, Simwon, Mt. Mudeungsan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Seungju: v-ix.1968-1997). JJ: 3ex (8.viii.1997). [KU] GW: 30ex (Cheolwon, Hwacheon, Yangku, Chunseong-G, Mt. Chiaksan: iv-ix.1968-1992). GS: 524ex (Pocheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Yangju-G, Namyangju-G, Goyang, Gimpo, Seoul (5 st), Suwon, , Anseong, Yangpyeong-G: iv-x.1929-1996). CBN: 8ex (Chungju, Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Hwanghaksan, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Mt. Chilgabsan: v-viii.1973-1987). GBN: 84ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Munkyeong, Mt. Cheongryangsan, Mt. Juwangsan, Bulyeong, Busan: vi-vii.1974-1996). JBN: 151ex (Muju, Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Jogyesan, Mt. Duryunsan: iv-ix.1972-1993). JJ: 21ex (v-vii.1966-1990). [EWU] GW: 5ex (Mt. Chiaksan, Gangchon: vi.1973, 1979). GS: 199ex (Gapyeong- G, Namyangju-G, Yangju-G, Seoul-C, Suwon, Anyang, Yangpyeong-G, Gwangju-G, Is. Ganghwado, Is. Deogjeokdo: iv-x.1956-1993). CN: 7ex (Mt. Gyeryongsan, Mt. Geumsan, Cheongyang: vii- viii.1971-73). GN: 15ex (Is. Yokjido, Temp. Pyochungsa: vi-vii.1978-1986). JN: 1ex (Jangheung: vii.1975). JJ: 35ex (v-vi.1965-1973); [HSU] CN: 334ex (Mt. Gayasan: iv-vi.1994-1997); [HNHM - NK] 2ex (Onjeong-ri, Mt. Geumgangsan: 4-6.viii.1975); 1ex (9-11.vii.1977); 6ex (Kyollong Resevoire PY: 30.ix.1978); 1ex (Mt. Daeseongsan PY: 16.vi.1988); 1ex (Yeonpung-ho, Gaecheon: 1.x.1978); 2ex (Taeseong-ho PN: 13.ix.1979); 4ex (Mt. Myohyangsan PN: 13-18.vii.1982); 2ex (12-28.v.1991); 3ex (Mt. Ryongaksan PY: 15.vi.1988); 1ex (Kaeseong, GG: 25.viii.1989). MONTHLY COLLECTION: All Korean 1,667 specimens →21.iv-28.xi (iv- 10, v- 402, vi- 787, vii- 222, viii- 103, ix- 10, x- 18, xi- 14 specimens). BIOLOGY: Saito, 1931, 1941; Kamijo, 1936; Nakayama and Okamoto, 1940; Murayama, 1938; Kim and Kang, 1993: 415; Lee et al., 1997: 156-165; 2002: 217-223.

20. Adoretus hirsutus Ohaus, 1914 (Pls. 2-20, 11-20, 17-20) Soe-teol-cha-saeg-pung-deng-i (쇠털차색풍뎅이)

Adoretus hirsutus Ohaus, 1914: 503: Murayama, 1935: 5; 1937a: 35; Cho, 1957: KZS, 1968: 136; 295; Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Adoretini 65

Kim and Lee, 1991b: 68; Kim, 1992: 106; 1993: 65; 1995c: 39; 2001b: 85; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 152 (Soe-teol-cha-saeg-P-D-I). OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Soe-teol-P-D-I (KZS, 1968). TYPE LOCALITY: Taiwan.

Body short, thick, oval, dorsal side yellowish to dark brown, covered with fine, long, erect setae. Frons around eyes and tarsi blackish brown. Clypeus nearly semicircular, with ridge form by reflexed margin. Labrum with apex enlarged. Pronotum short, transversal; width about 2.5 times the length; punctures very large, shallow, rough. Elytral punctures larger than those of pronotum, mixed with long, erect setae. Outer Claw of metatarsi with about 2 times length of inner one. Ad: Parameres shaped a girth of western chamber pot, with each lobes weakly projected triangularly at apex. BL: 9-11.5 mm, BW: 4.5-6 mm. LARVAE: Zhang, 1984: 43.

DISTRIBUTION: Java, Taiwan, China, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South. KOREAN RECORDS: SK- GS Mt. Soyosan, Ilsan, Goyang-G, Yangju-G, Mt. Wangbangsan, Seongchu, Mt. Myeongjisan, Daeseong-ri, Maseok, Gwangneung, Mt. Cheonmasan, Namyangju-G, Mt. Yongmunsan, Namhansanseong, Mt. Gwanaksan, Gwacheon, city, Gimpo, Seoul, , Suwon, Is. Ganghwado, CB Mt. Soknisan, Cheongwon. Jincheon, Oksan-m., CN Temp. Gapsa, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Mt. Chilgabsan, Is. Anmyeondo, GB Munkyeong, , Daegu, Gyeongsan, Cheongsong, Mt. Juwangsan, Hayang-eup, GN Jinju, Namhae, JB- Mt. Naejangsan, JN Mt. Jirisan, Wanju, Mt. Mudeungsan. SPECIMENS EXAMINED (214 specimens): [SWU] GW: 1ex (Chuncheon Bakam-ri: 10.vii.2009). GS: 41ex [Mt. Myeongjisan, Yangju-G, Namyangju-G, Goyang-G, Seoul (14 st=dong), Bucheon, Gwang- myeong city, Giheung, Anyang, Suwon: vi-ix.1972-1998]; 1ex (: 4.vii.2003). CBN: 8ex (Jincheon, Cheongwon, Is. Anmyeondo, Mt. Mansusan, Mt. Gyeryongsan: v-vii.1979-1993). GBN: 10ex (Cheongsong, Daegu, Gyeongsan, Jinju, Mt. Bulmosan: vi-viii.1986-1996); 1ex (Gumi: 19.vii. 2001); 1ex (Tongyeong: 26.vii.1996). JBN: 2ex (Wanju, Mt. Naejangsan: vii.1996, 1998); 1ex (Mt. Mudeungsan: viii.1996). [NAAS] GS: 94ex (Suwon: vi-vii.1958-1996). CB: 4ex (Jincheon: vii.1975). [SNU] GS: 1ex (Mt. Myeongjisan: 25.v.1996); 1ex (Mt. Gwanaksan: viii.1995); 94ex (Suwon: vi- vii.1958-1996). CB: 4ex (Jincheon: vii.1975). [SNU] GS: 1ex (Mt. Myeongjisan: 25.v.1996); 1ex (Mt. Gwanaksan: 4.viii.1995); 2ex (Suwon: viii-ix.1995). [KU] GS: 7ex (Mt. Cheonmasan, Mt. Bukhansan, Mt. Gwanaksan: vi, vii.1983-1994). GBN: 6ex (Yeongcheon, Munkyeong, Mt. Juwangsan, Daegu: vii-ix.1967-1984). JBN: 1ex (Mt. Jirisan: 8.vii.1976). [EWU] GW: 2ex (Gangchon: viii, ix.1973, 1974). GS: 26ex (Is. Nam-iseom, Mt. Soyosan, Mt. Cheonmasan, Seoul, Suwon, Seongnam: vi-x.1960-1984). CB: 1ex (Mt. Soknisan: 3.viii.1964). GN: 1ex (Namhae: 21.vii.1966). [HNHM - NK] PY: 1ex (Moran- bong: 8.vii.1982). PB: 1ex (Mt. Myohyangsan: 16.vii.1982). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 214 specimens →2.vi-17.ix (vi- 15, vii- 151, viii- 45, ix- 3 specimens). BIOLOGY: Murayama, 1938a: 259-264; Kim and Kang, 1993: 415. 66 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Tribe Rutelini MacLeay, 1819: 69. Pung-deng-i-jog (풍뎅이족)

Rutelidae MacLeay, 1819.

Labrum horizontal, hidden under clypeus in dorsal view. Antennae with 10 antennomeres. Protibiae with 3 outer teeth, with apical inner spur. Elytral margins entirely chitinous. Seventh abdominal spiracle positioned in pleural suture. Some species with mandible enlarged, horn-like; or with hind femur enlarged; or with strongly metallic lustrous coloration such as silver or gold. Type genus: Rutela Latreille, 1802.

GENERA more than 70 in the New World (1 in Korea). SPECIES ?. DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide, but mainly in the Neotropical Region. KEY REFERENCE: Reitter (1903), Ohaus (1915a), Murayama (1938a), Medvedev (1949), Kalinina (1989), Kim (1995c).

Genus Parastasia Westwood, 1842: 204. Jang-su-but-chi-pung-deng-i-sog (장수붙이풍뎅이속)

Type species: Parastasia canaliculata Westwood, 1842 by subsequent designation (Machatschke 1972).

SPECIES data not found (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Palaearctic Region, Oriental Region, Australia, North America.

21. Parastasia ferrieri Nonfried, 1895 (Pls. 3-21, 11-21, 18-21) Jang-su-but-chi-pung-deng-i (장수붙이풍뎅이)

Parastasia ferrieri Nonfried, 1895: 289: Kim, 1995c: 40; 2001b: 86. Ohkobous quadridentatus Sawada, 1938: 74. Ohkubous ferrieri quadridentatus: Kim and Kim, 1972b: 197; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 152 (Jang-su-but- chi-P-D-I). TYPE LOCALITY: Japan (Loo-Choo, Amami-Ôsima).

Body short, oval, dorsal surface black to reddish brown, ventral surface paler than dorsal surface, shiny but entirely covered with long, erect, yellow setae. Clypeus with straight anterior margin equipped with 4 triangular teeth, teeth project upwardly; lateral sides parallel, with 2 sharp projec- tions near clypeal suture; punctures variable, scattered. Pronotum weakly elevated apex, weakly Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalini 67 projected medially. Ad: Median piece large, thick tubular-shaped. Parameres with long, sharp, enlarged ventral side basally; with truncate, forceps-like apex. BL: 11-14 mm, BW: 7-8 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Taiwan, Korea, Japan (Ryukyu). KOREA: Central, South. KOREAN RECORDS: SK- GG Mt. Chukryeongsan, Pocheon, Namhansanseong, GB Mt. Sobaeksan, Mt. Baekamsan Uljin, GN Mt. Jirisan (Jungsalli and Temp. Naeweonsa), Mt. Gayasan, JN Mt. Daedunsan Haenam. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (13 specimens): [SWU] GG: 3ex (Mt. Chukryeongsan Namyangju: 10.viii.1999, UV light, Kim J.I. et al.); 1♀ (Pocheon: 8.vii.1981, E.Y. Lee); 1♂ (Namhansanseong, Seongnam: 17.viii.1993, S.Y. Kim). GB: 1ex (Mt. Sobaeksan: 13.viii.1999); 1ex (Mt. Baekamsan Wuljin: 10.viii.1999, UV light, J.I. Kim). GN: 2ex (Mt. Jirisan Jungsalli: 29, 30.viii.1981, UV light, J.I. Kim); 1♀(8.viii.1989, S.H. Jeon); 1ex (Temp. Naeweonsa: 8.viii.1985); 1♂ (Mt. Gayasan: 5.viii.1960, B.S. Cho). JN: 1♂ (Mt. Daedunsan Haenam: 15.viii.1972, J.I. Kim).

Tribe Anomalini Streubel, 1839: 136. Cham-pung-deng-i-jog (참풍뎅이족)

Anomalidae Streubel, 1839.

Labrum horizontal, hidden under clypeus in dorsal view. Antennae with 9 antennomeres. Proti- biae generally with 2 outer teeth, with subapical inner spur. First protarsomere not enlarged, without dense ventral setae. Elytra with membranous border at lateral margin. Seventh abdominal spiracle not positioned in pleural suture. Adults feed on flowers and larvae feed on plant roots. This tribe is classified into two subtribes: Popillina and Anomalina. Popillina has only a genus in Korea, Popillia, which has 132 species in Asia (internet, Popillia- Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 2009), including four species from Korea. The Anomalina includes one of the largest genera in the world, Anomala, with about 1,000 species worldwide. In Korea, 72 specific or subspecific names in 11 genera have been recorded, but now 28 species in 8 genera are recognized as valid records. Type genus: Anomala Samouelle, 1819.

GENERA data not found (9 in Korea). SPECIES data not found (29 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide. KEY REFERENCE: Kolbe (1886), Heyden (1887), Reitter (1903), Ohaus (1915a), Murayama (1938a), Medvedev (1949), Machatschke (1972), Kalinina (1989), Kim (1995d, 1996a, 1996b, 1997a, 1998a, 1998b, 2001b); internet- Popillia- Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 2009; Larvae: Ritcher (1966).

Key to the genera or subtribe of tribe Anomalini

1. Body large, flat. Pronotal base largely concaved before scutellum (subtribe Popillina) ···Popillia - Body not especially large. Pronotal base not concaved before scutellum ····subtribe Anomalina 68 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Subtribe Popillina Ohaus, 1918: 133. Kong-pung-deng-i-a-jog (콩풍뎅이아족)

Popillia is the only genus of this subtribe that occurs in Korea. Many ancient papers used the generic name as Popilia. Type genus: Popillia Dejean, 1821.

Genus Popillia Dejean, 1821: 60. Kong-pung-deng-i-sog (콩풍뎅이속)

Calopopillia Kolbe, 1894 (Type species: Popillia candezei Kraatz, 1892). Eupopillia Kolbe, 1894 (Type species: Popillia callipyga Dohrn, 1876). Metapopillia Kolbe, 1894 (Type species: Popillia biimpressa Kraatz, 1894). Pseudopopillia Kolbe, 1894 (Type species: Popillia phylloperthina Kraatz, 1894). Xenopopillia Kolbe, 1910 (Type species: Popillia ducatrix Kolbe, 1910). Godschama Reitter, 1903 (Type species: Popillia hexaspila Ancey, 1883). Costapopillia Benderitter, 1922 (Type species: Costapopillia callewaerti Benderitter, 1922).

This group is an Old World endemic, but one species, P. japonica (=), was introduced to North America. This species first appeared near Riverton, New Jersey in 1916, and spread rapidly to several states and parts of southern Canada. In Korea, 23 specific or subspecific names are recorded, but now four species and one subspecies are recognized. Type species: Trichius bipunctatus Fabricius, 1787.

SPECIES more than 130 in Asia, about 90 in the Papaearctic Region (Loebl and Smetana) (4 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Old World, Africa. (1 species, P. japonica, in North America). KEY REFERENCE: Kolbe (1886), Heyden (1887), Kraatz (1892), Medvedev (1949), Lin (1988), Kim (1995d, 2001b).

Key to the species of genus Popillia

1. Length 10-15 mm. Color indigo blue, frequently bluish violet to blackish green. Abdominal sternites and pygidium with or without white to yellowish white setal masses laterally··········2 - Length 6-12 mm. Color green with yellowish brown elytra. Abdominal sternites and pygidium with white setal masses laterally ······························································································3 2. Abdominal sternites and pygidium with white setal masses. Elytra sometimes with a pair of large, brown patterns······························································································P. flavosellata - Abdominal sternites and pygidium without setal masses. Pronotum strongly shiny, frequently greenish indigo blue ····································································································P. mutans 3. Body shiny, with simple green to coppery black head and pronotum, with coppery to purplish black legs. Pronotum with large, rough, developed punctures. First elytral interstice with a row of longitudinal punctures as in striae ··································································P. quadriguttata Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalini 69

a. Size smaller. Clypeus with anterior margin round, weakly reflexed. Pronotum with punctures large, separated, generally without setae near frontal angles·······················P. q. quadriguttata b. Size larger. Clypeus with anterior margin straight, strongly reflexed. Pronotum with punc- tures very large, deep, connecting in a wrinkle pattern, with some setae near frontal angles. Elytra yellowish brown, with sutures and each lateral margin green to coppery black ··········· ····························································································································P. q. japonica - Clypeus green to coppery green with bicolored margins coppery yellow to dirty brown. Ventral surface and legs dirty brown to blackish brown. Pronotum green to coppery green, rarely with mcroscopic punctures. First elytral interstice without punctate row························P. formosana

22. Popillia flavosellata Fairmaire, 1886 (Pls. 3-22, 11-22, 18-22) Cham-kong-pung-deng-i (참콩풍뎅이)

Popilia atrocoerulea Bates, 1888: 376: Kraatz, 1892: 245; Reitter, 1903: 46; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 133; Okamoto, 1924: 178; Kamijo, 1932: 21; Cho, 1934: 75; 1963: 294 (Cham-kong-P-D-I); 1969: 682; Cho et al., 1968: 265; Masaki, 1936: 261; Morita, 1936: 861; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 92; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 48; Kim and Kim, 1974a: 230; 1974b: 108; 1975: 248; 1976: 102; 1977: 130; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 156; 1982b: 276; 1983: 328; 1984: 87; 1985: 105; Kim, 1978: 366; Yoon and Nam, 1978: 83; 1990: 110; Kim et al., 1979: 84; 1983: 166; 1987a: 104; 1987b: 224; 1987c: 506; 1994: 111; Kim, 1981: 345; 1995d: 212; Stebnicka, 1980: 271; Shin and Park, 1981: 131; Nam and Kim, 1983: 129; Park and Cho, 1986: 128; 1992: 178; Park and Park, 1987: 673; Lee et al., 1994: 147. Popillia atrocoerulea atra Kraatz, 1892: 245; Reitter, 1903: 46. Popilia coerulea Boheman, 1858: 55: Kolbe, 1886: 190; Kraatz, 1892: 245. Popilia adamas Heyden, 1887: 190 (nec. Newman): Kraatz, 1892: 245. Popilia flavosellata Fairmaire, 1886: 331: Kim et al., 1991b: 68; 1991d: 192; 1991e: 179; 1992: 154; 1996b: 128; 1999: 130; 2000: 132; 2001: 132; 2002: 120; 2004: 117; 2005: 79; Kim, 1992: 106 1993: 65; 1994: 214; 1995a: 165; 1995b: 140; 1996c: 174; 1997: 231; 1998: 170; 1999: 130; 2001b: 89; Lin 1988: 27; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 153; Lie et al., 1997: 34. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Heuin-jeom-ba-gi-kong-P-D-I (Cho, 1969 and 14 others); Kong-P-D-I (KSPP, 1972; Ku, 1973). TYPE LOCALITY: China (Yunnan).

Body color indigo blue, frequently bluish violet to blackish green, sometimes with a pair of large, brown patterns on each elytron. Pronotum widest near hind angles then narrowed toward middle, punctures deep, rough, dense. Scutellum triangular, but with parallel sides in apical 1/3, punc- tures sparse. Elytral striae distinct with dense punctures, interstitial punctures sparse. Abdominal pleurite with white to yellowish white setal masses on each segment. Pygidium with white to yellowish white setal masses on lateromedially. Ad: Median piece thick but short. Parameres gradually narrowed, weakly curved (less than P. mutans), with internal lobe straight at apex, not projected outwardly. BL: 10-15 mm, BW: 6-9 mm. LARVAE: Murayama, 1931: 73.

DISTRIBUTION: Vietnam, China, Far Eastern Russia (Primorskij), Korea. 70 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Mt. Kwanmobong, Posangdong, Jueul, HN Bujeonryeong, PB Mt. Myohyangsan, PY Pyeongyang, Mt. Daeseongsan, GW Mt. Geumgangsan, SK- More 5,000 speci- mens at about 150 sites of 130 regions in the mountains, the plains and the islands of the whole counties including Seoul (15 sites). SPECIMEN EXAMINED (2,450 specimens): [SWU] GW: 269ex (Cheolwon, Yang-gu, Inje, Hwacheon, Chuncheon, Goseong, Mt. Seolaksan, Myeongju, Donghae, Samcheok, Hongcheon, Pyeongchang, Mt. Odaesan, Hoengseong, Wonju: iv-viii.1981-2000). GS: 223ex (Is. Baeknyeongdo, Is. Daecheong- do, Is. Deogjeokdo, Is. Gyodongdo, Pocheon-G, Paju, Goyang, Gapyeong-G, Yangpyeong, Nam- yangju-G, Seoul (3 st), Gwangkyo, Yong-in, Gwangju-G: iv-x.1961-1998); 1ex (Seoul: 26.v.2003); 1ex (Incheon: 25.v.2003). CBN: 71ex(Chungju, Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Soknisan, Danyang, Goesan, Cheong- won, Dangjin, Mt. Gwangdeoksan: vi-viii.1986-2003). GBN: 78ex (Mt. Seondalsan, Mt. Eoraesan, Bonghwa, Yeongpung, Munkyeong, Andong, Mt. Juwangsan, Yeongdeok, Mt. Naeyeonsan, Mt. Biseulsan, Changnyeong, Sacheon, Jinju: iv-ix.1979-2000). JBN: 22ex (Buan: vi.1990, 1991); 1ex (Muju: 4.vii.1993); 41ex (Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Jogyesan, Yeosu, Goheung, Is. Wando, Is. Jindo, Muan: v- x.1982-1998). [NAAS] GW: 44ex (Inje, Hongcheon, Daegwallyeong, Hoengseong, Chuncheon: vi- viii.1987-1997). GS: (Munsan, Suwon, Anseong, Yeoju: vi-viii.1973-1997). GBN: 1ex (Mt. Sudosan: 16.vii.1996); 2ex (Geochang: 25.vi.1997). JBN: 3ex (Is. Jindo: 26.vi.1973); [SNU] GW: 1ex (Wonju: 20.vii.1997). GS: 66ex (Is. Ganghwado, Gapyeong-G, Namyangju-G, Seoul, Gwacheon, Anyang, Suwon, Giheung, Gwangju, Anseong: iv-ix.1922-1997). CB: 13ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Cheongwon, Cheongju: vi-xi.1983-1992). JBN: 58ex (Mt. Deokyusan, Mt. Chilbosan, Jeonju, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Mudeungsan: vi-viii.1968-1997). JJ: 2ex (vii, viii.1971, 1997). [KU] GW: 109ex (Goseong, Mt. Odaesan, Samcheok, Hwacheon, Mt. Chiaksan: v-vii.1967-1994). GS: 416ex [Is. Daebudo, Pocheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Gimpo, Goyang, Namyangju-G, Yangpyeong-G, Seoul (3 st), Giheung, Yong-in, Gwangju: iv-ix.1931-1991]. CBN: 59ex (Mt. Soknisan, Chungju, Yeongdong, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Mt. Chilgabsan, Mt. Daedunsan: v-viii.1957-1992). GBN: 305ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Munkyeong, Bulyeong, Mt. Cheongryangsan, Mt. Juwangsan, Tongyeong: v-vii.1974-1990). JBN: 130ex (Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Jogyesan, Mt. Duryunsan, Is. Oweo-ido: iv-x.1970-1993). JJ: 2ex (Mt. Hallasan: 2.viii.1974). [EWU] GW: 104ex (Mt. Sogeumgang, Mt. Seolaksan, , Yanggu, Gangchon, Mt. Chiaksan: v-viii.1962-1984). GS: 314ex (Gapyeong-G, Yangju-G, Deokso, Gimpo, Seoul, Suwon, Yangpyeong, Gwangju, Ganghwa-G, Ongjin-G: v-x.1957-1998). CN: 14ex (Daecheon, Is. Ga-euido, Mallipo: vii, viii.1969). GBN: 17ex (Daegu, Uljin, Yeongcheon, Jinju, Busan, Is. Geojedo, Temp. Pyochungsa: vii-viii.1959-1986). JBN: 44ex (Jeonju, Muju, Jangheung, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Naejangsan, Sinan-G, Jindo-G, Wando-G: v-viii.1969-1992). JJ: 3ex (v-viii.1971-1982). [HSU] CN: 18ex (Mt. Gayasan: v-vii.1994-1997). [HNHM - NK] HB: 4ex (Cheongjin: 2-7.vi.1991); 5ex (Mt. Geumgangsan GW: 12.vii.1991). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 1,544 specimens →24.iv-29.x. (iv- 3, v- 47, vi- 849, vii- 601, viii- 37, ix- 4, x- 3 specimens). REMARKS: In 19 June 1998, this species was found on nearly all plants at Heul-ri Ganseong-eup Gangwon-do (Alps Sanjang area). Myriads of specimens could be collected under these conditions within a few short hours. Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalini 71

23. Popillia mutans Newman, 1838 (Pls. 3-23, 11-23, 18-23) Kong-pung-deng-i (콩풍뎅이)

Popillia indigonacea Motschulsky, 1853: 47: Kolbe, 1886: 190; Bates, 1888: 376; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 134; Okamoto, 1924: 178; Kamijo, 1932: 21; 1936: 85; Morita, 1936: 861; Mochizuki and Tsune- kawa, 1937: 92; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 49; Doi, 1937: 63, 1938: 3; Nagaoka, 1940: 474; Kim, 1956: 9; 1958: 98; 1960: 27; Cho, 1957: 294; 1963: 220 (Kong-P-D-I); 1969: 681; Hyun and Woo, 1970: 80; Kim and Kim, 1972b: 197; 1974a: 230; 1974b: 108; 1975: 249; 1976: 102; 1977: 130; Kim and Nam, 1978: 134; 1982a: 156; 1982b: 276; 1984b: 328; Kim, 1978: 366; Shin, 1979: 144; Kim et al., 1979: 84; 1982a: 145; 1982b: 173; 1983: 166; 1984: 169; 1987a: 104; 1987b: 224; 1987c: 506; Kim, 1981: 345; Yoon and Nam, 1979: 149; 1990a: 140; 1990b: 110; 1985: 160; Stebnicka, 1980: 270; Lee and Kwon, 1981: 154; Park and Cho, 1986: 128; 1992: 178; Lee et al., 1994: 147; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 153. Popilia mutans Newman, 1838: 337: Kim et al., 1991b: 68; 1991d: 192; 1991e: 179; 1992: 154; 1996a: 58; 1996b: 128; 1998: 170; 2000: 132; 2001: 132; 2002: 120; 2003: 126; 2004: 117; 2006: 37; Kim, 1992: 106; 1993: 65; 1994: 214; 1995a: 165; 1995d: 210; 1996c: 174; 1997: 231; 2001: 87; Lin, 1988: 15; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 153; Lie et al., 1997: 32. Popillia mutans indigonacea: Kraatz, 1892: 240. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Nam-saeg-kong-P-D-I (KSPP, 1972 and 9 others). TYPE LOCALITY: China (Peiking).

Body strongly shiny, color indigo blue, frequently bluish violet to blackish green, pronotum frequently greenish indigo blue. Body shorter and wider than P. flavosellata, elytral humerus wider than pronotal base. Pronotum nearly semicircular, with punctures small, sparse. Scutellum short, triangular, with angles rounded. Elytra with punctures very thick, distinctly formed striae, inter- stices greatly elevated. Abdominal pleurites and pygidium without whitish setal masses. Ad: Com- pared with P. flavosellata: basal piece very short, median piece longer, parameres tapered narrowly at apex, with more curved tip. Internal lobe of parameres extended outwardly, tongue-like, with more extended apices. BL: 10-15 mm, BW: 6-9 mm. LARVAE: Zhang, 1984: 47.

DISTRIBUTION: Philippine, Vietnam, China, Amur, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo, Is. Ulleungdo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Kyeongseong, HN Bujeonryeong, Hyesan, Jueul, PB Mt. Myohyangsan, Is. Sindo, PN Sun-an, Micheon-ho, Soheung-ho, Daeseong-ho, WH Mt. Suyangsan, GW Mt. Geum- gangsan, SK- About 3,000 specimens from about 150 sites from more than 120 regions in the moun- tains, plains and islands across the entire country including Seoul (10 sites) and Is. Ulleungdo. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (2,079 specimens): [SWU] GW: 30ex (Goseong, Mt. Seolaksan, Yangyang, Gangneung, Temp. Samhwasa, Yangku, Hwacheon, Pyeongchang, Mt. Odaesan, Jeongseon, Yeong- wol: vii-xii.1981-2001). GS: 875ex (Is. Ganghwado, Is. Boleumdo, Is. Baeknyeongdo, Is. Daecheong- do, Is. Wolmido, Is. Deogjeokdo, Is. I-jakdo, Is. Baek-ado and all cities and provinces: iv-xi.1944- 2002). CBN: 85ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Soknisan, Chungju, Goesan, Cheongwon, Okcheon, Seosan, Boryeong, Asan, Cheonan, Gongju, Buyeo, Daejeon: vi-ix.1977-2002). GBN: 63ex (Bonghwa, Yeongju, Munkyeong, Sangju, Andong, Mt. Juwangsan, Naeyeonsan, Gyeongsan, Gyeongju, Daegu, Mt. Jirisan, Geochang, Changryeong, Ulju, Jinju, Masan, Changwon, Busan: vi- ix.1979-1998); 2ex (Gumi: 19, 20.vii.2001). JBN: 143ex (, Wanju, Gimje, Buan, Jeongeub, 72 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Gochang, Yeongkwang, Muan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Jogyesan, Yeong-am, Goheung, Yeosu, Is. Jindo, Is. Wando: vi-x.1980-1998). JJ: 12ex (viii-x.1983-1988). [NAAS] GW: 25ex (Daeg- wallyeong: viii.1987). GG: 11ex (Suwon-C: vi-ix.1976-1995). CBN: 1ex (Jincheon: 25.vii.1990); 2ex (Seosan: viii.1996). GBN: 1ex (Kumi: 13.vii.1998); 6ex (Namhae: viii.1993). JN: 1ex (Gwangyang: 20.viii.1992). JJ: 52ex (vii-ix.1987-1995). [SNU] GW: 4ex (Cheolwon, Mt. Seolaksan, Chuncheon: vi-ix.1961-1992). GS: 134ex [Is. Ganghwado, Pocheon, Gapyeong, Namyangju-G, Seoul (4 st), , Euiwang, Seongnam, Suwon-C, Yong-in: iii-x.1916-1997]. CBN: 16ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Soknisan, Eumseong, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Daejeon, Geumsan: iii-ix.1960-1996). GBN: 16ex (Yeong- cheon, Pohang, Goseong: viii.1988-1996). JBN: 7ex (Jeongeub, Is. Seonyudo: viii.1995, 1996); 23ex (Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan: vi-viii.1959-1997). JJ: 3ex (viii.1994-1997); ?- 6ex [Mt. Heungjungsan (Pyeongchang GW ?): viii.1993]. [KU] NK: 2ex (Jueul: vii, viii.1932, 1933); 2ex (Bujeonryeong: vii.1933, 1938). GW: 18ex (Wontong, Mt. Jeombongsan, Temp. Naksansa, Jeongseon, Mt. Chiaksan: vi- viii.1967-1984). GS: 115ex (Is. Mueuido, Is. Deogjeogdo, Pocheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Namyangju-G, Yangpyeong-G, Seoul (3st.), Ansan, Anseong: iv-x.1921-1991). CBN: 111ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Mt. Soknisan, Jeungpyeong, Seosan, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Mt. Chilgabsan: vii-viii.1954-1993). GBN: 35ex (Munkyeong, Yeongju, Mt. Cheongryangsan, Bulyeong, Mt. Geumosan, Habcheon, Tongyeong: vi-viii.1974-1990). JBN: 26ex (Muju, Jeonju, Jeongeub, Namwon, Gwangju, Sinan, Haenam, Mt. Jogyesan: iv-viii.1955-1995). JJ: 15ex (vii-viii.1959-1990); ?- 3ex (Mt. Heungjungsan [Pyeongchang GW ?]: 28.vii.1993; [EWU] GW: 15ex (Mt. Sogeumgang, Mt. Seolaksan, Gangchon, Mt. Chiaksan: vii-viii.1958-1980). GS: 171ex (Pocheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Incheon, Goyang, Seoul, Suwon, Anyang, Yangpyeong, Gwangju, Ganghwa-G, Ongjin-G: v-x.1956-1984). CN: 2ex (Daejeon, Is. Gaeuido: vi, vii.1967, 1969). GBN: 7ex (Munkyeong, Guryongpo, Is. Cheongdo, Namhae: vii-viii.1956-1983). JBN: 20ex (Iri, Byeonsan, Is. Maldo, Mt. Jirisan, Yeocheon, Is. Heuksando, Is. Geomundo, Is. Hongdo, Is. Geumodo: vi-viii.1961-1992). [HSU] CN: 10ex (Mt. Gayasan: v-vii.1994-1997). [HNHM - NK] 2ex (Daeseong-ho YG: 13, 26.ix.1978); 2ex (Micheon-ho PY: 3.vii.1988); 2ex (Mt. Suyangsan Haeju: 31.vii.1882); 6ex [Mt. Geumgangsan (3 st): vii, viii.1975, 1991]. MONTHLY COLLECTION: 1,508 South Korean specimens →3.iv-15.xii (iv- 5, v- 4, vi- 27, vii- 282, viii- 927, ix- 211, x- 41, xi- 8, xii- 3 specimens).

24. Popillia quadriguttata (Fabricius, 1787) (Pls. 3-24, 11-24, 18-24) Nok-saeg-kong-pung-deng-i (녹색콩풍뎅이)

Trichius quadriguttata Fabricius, 1787: 377. Popillia quadriguttata: Stebnicka, 1980: 272; Kim, 1992: 106; 1993: 65; 1995a: 165; 1995b: 140; 1995d: 215; 2001: 91; Lin, 1988: 24; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 153; Ku et al., 1999: 171; Lee et al., 2002: 17. Popillia quadriguttata quadriguttata: Kalinina, 1989: 411; Kim, 1995d: 214 (Nok-saeg-kong-P-D-I); 2001b: 91. Popillia quadriguttata japonica Kim, 1995d: 215 (Owae-kong-pung-deng-i); 2001b: 91. Popillia japonica Newman, 1838: 337 (mainly misidentifications in my opinion): Heyden 1887: 253; 1889: 662; Yoshino, 1935a: 14; Kim, 1956: 9; 1958: 98; 1960: 27; Ku, 1963: 28; Cho et al., 1967: 198; Cho, 1969: 682; Hyun and Woo, 1969: 194; Kim and Kim, 1975: 249; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 156; 1982b: 276; 1984b: 328; 1985: 105; Kim, 1978: 368; Yoon and Nam, 1978: 83; 1979: 149; 1985: 160; 1990b: 110; Kim et al., 1979: 84c; 1987b: 224; 1987c: 506; 1991a: 68; 1991b: 192; 1991e: 179; Stebnicka, Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalini 73

1980: 272; Park and Cho, 1986: 128, 1992: 178; Park and Park, 1987: 673; Lee and Ko, 1988: 211; Lee et al., 1994: 147; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 153; Kim, 1992: 154; 1995d: 215; Lie et al., 1997: 32; Ku et al., 1999: 171. Popilia bogdanowi Ballion, 1870: 345: Bates, 1888: 376; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 48; Cho, 1957: 294. Popillia chinensis Frivaldszky, 1889: 201: Kraatz, 1892: 249; Reitter, 1903: 47; Arrow, 1913: 39; Stebnicka, 1980: 208. Popillia chinensis sordida Kraatz, 1892: 249. Popillia uchidai Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 133: Kamijo, 1932: 21; Morita, 1936: 861; Doi, 1937: 63; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 92; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 50; Nagaoka, 1940: 474; Cho, 1957: 295; 1963: 220; Cho et al., 1968: 265; Kim and Kim, 1974a: 230; Stebnicka, 1980: 208; Kim and Chang, 1987c: 506; Kim and Lee, 1991b: 68; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 153; 2005: 79; Kim, 1995d: 215. Popillia ruficollis Kraatz, 1892: 254: Stebnicka, 1980: 208 (misidentification, in my opinion). OTHER KOREAN NAMES: P. japonica=Owae-kong-P-D-I (Kim, 1958 and 17 others), Kong-pung- deng- (deong)-i (Kim, 1960; Cho et al., 1967); P. uchidai=U-chi- (jji-)-da-kong-P-D-I (Cho, 1963 and 4 others), Jin-kong-P-D-I (KSPP, 1972); P. bogdanowi=Bo-geu-da-no-beu-P-D-I (KZS, 1968); P. quadri- guttata=Neok-jeom-ba-gi-owae-kong-P-D-I (ESK and KSAE, 1974).

Body shiny, head and pronotum green to coppery black; elytra yellowish brown; legs coppery to purplish black. Clypeus large, with large, rough, dense punctures, anterior margin nearly straight with rounded angles, lateral edges narrower anteriorly. Pronotum with large, rough, well developed punctures. Elytral 1st interstice with a row of longitudinal punctures as in striae. Abdominal pleurites with white setal masses lateromedially. Pygidium with pairs of white setal masses in lateromedially. Popillia q. quadriguttata: Smaller. Clypeus with anterior margin rounded, weakly reflexed. Pronotum with punctures large, separated, without setae near frontal angles. BL: 8-11 mm, BW: 4.5-6.2 mm. Popillia q. japonica: Larger. Clypeus with anterior margin straight, strongly reflexed. Pronotum with punctures very large, deep, connected in a wrinkle pattern, with setae near frontal angles. Elytra yellowish brown, with sutures and lateral margins green to coppery black. BL: 10-12 mm, BW: 6-7 mm. Ad: Compared with P. flavosellata: Basal piece and median piece short, but longer than parameres. Parameres with ventral side not enlarged at base, dorsal side longer, weakly curved at tip, with internal lobe similar to that of P. flavosellata. LARVAE: Murayama, 1931: 71 (P. uchidai); Zhang, 1984: 47.

HOST PLANTS: Lee et al., 2002: 15-19; 2007: 103-109. DISTRIBUTION: Vietnam, Taiwan, China, Korea. KOREA: Popillia q. japonica=North, Central. Popillia q. quadriguttata=Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: Popillia q. japonica=NK- HB Namam (Cheongjin), SK- GG Mt. Soyosan; P. q. quadriguttata=SK- More than 1,000 specimens from about 130 sites from 100 regions in the moun- tains, plains and islands across the entire country including Seoul (6 sites). SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Popillia q. japonica (2 specimens) →[SWU] HB: 1♀(Cheongjin Nanam: 1921, P.S. Cho). GG: 1♂(Mt. Soyosan: 10.vi.1934, Eguti); P. q. quadriguttata (874 specimens) →[SWU] GW: 39ex (Goseong, Mt. Seolaksan, Yangyang, Samcheok, Chuncheon, Wonju, Jeongseon: vi-viii.1981- 1998); 1ex (Chuncheon: 9.vii.2006). GS: 143ex (Is. Daecheongdo, Is. Baeknyeongdo, Mt. Soyosan, Mt. Myeongjisan, Paju, Yangju-G, Namyangju-G, Gimpo, Incheon, Seoul (25 st.), Suwon, Seongnam, Mt. Yongmunsan, Pyeongtaek: vi-x.1934-1998). CBN: 42ex (Danyang, Mt. Sobaeksan, Mt. Wolaksan, Eumseong, Goesan, Mt. Soknisan, Cheongwon, Boryeong, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Mt. Chilgabsan: v- 74 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti viii.1974-1997). GBN: 66ex (Bonghwa, Yeongpung, Munkyeong, Andong, Naeyeonsan, Gyeongsan, Gyeongju, Habcheon, Sacheon, Eonyang: vi-x.1974-2000). JBN: 9ex (Buan, Muju, Gwangju, Boseong, Gwangyang: vi-viii.1984-1995). JJ: 7ex (viii.1972-1991). [NAAS] GW: 1ex (Daegwal- lyeong: 5.viii.1987). GS: 31ex (Suwon: iv-viii.1974-1997); 1ex (Anseong: vii.1993). CN: 16ex (Seong- hwan: vii.1987). GB: 1ex (Gimcheon: 16.vii.1996). JB: 2ex (Jeonju: 17.vii.1996); 1ex (Muju: 21.ix.1992). JJ: 54ex (vi-viii.1983-1995). [SNU] GW: 4ex (Chuncheon: viii-ix.1993-1995). GS: 102ex (Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Myeongjisan, Gwangneung, Seoul, Ansan, Euiwang, Gwangju, Suwon: iv-x.1955- 1997). CB: 31ex (Cheongju, Mt. Wolaksan: vi-ix.1983-1996). GB: 1ex (Woncheon: 24.vi.1989). JN: 5ex (Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Mudeungsan: vi-vii.1969-1988). JJ: 13ex (vii-viii.1965-1995). [KU] GW: 8ex (Hongcheon: vi-vii.1931-1984). GS: 29ex (Mt. Soyosan, Mt. Wangbangsan, Mt. Myeongjisan, Mt. Cheonmasan, Yangpyeong, Seoul [3 st], Icheon, Anseong: vi-vii.1931-1989). CBN: 6ex (Sangchon, Mt. Chilgabsan, Mt. Gyeryongsan: vii, viii.1979, 1982). GBN: 57ex(Munkyeong, Mt. Cheongryangsan, Mt. Juwangsan, Mt. Gayasan, Hae-undae: vii.1974-1990). JBN: 16ex (Mt. Naejangsan, Is. Bikeumdo, Mt. Jogyesan: vi-vii.1960-1985). JJ: 11ex (vii-viii.1932-1990). [EWU] GW: 8ex (Mt. Baekbongsan, Gangchon, Mt. Seolaksan: vi-viii.1967-1975). GS: 92ex (Mt. Cheonmasan, Gimpo, Incheon, Seoul, Suwon, Seongnam, Icheon, Yangpyeong: iv-x.1954-1983). CBN: 10ex (Okcheon, Daejeon, Mallipo, Is. Ga-euido: vii, viii.1969-1971). GB: 7ex (Daegu, Pohang: vi-vii.1969-1975). JBN: 11ex (Jeonju, Mt. Jirisan, Jangheung, Jangseong: vi-ix.1965-1975); JJ- 24ex (vii-viii.1957-1979). [HNHM - NK] PB: 2ex (Mt. Myohyangsan: 17.viii.1982). PN: 20ex (Tesson waterbasin: 4.vii.1977). PY: 1ex (Mt. Ryong- aksan: 20.vii.1982). PY: 1ex (Michon-ho: 3.vii.1988); 1ex (Pyeongyang city: 1.vii.1991). MONTHLY COLLECTION: 661 South Korean specimens →19.iv-16.x (iv- 3, v- 15, vi- 115, vii- 411, viii- 89, ix- 19, x- 7 specimens).

25. Popillia formosana Arrow, 1913 (Pls. 3-25, 11-25, 18-25) Nam-bang-kong-pung-deng-i (남방콩풍뎅이)

Popillia formosana Arrow, 1913: 45; Kim, 1995d: 215. Popillia quelpartiana Ohaus, 1924: 172; Stebnicka, 1980: 208; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 153; Kim, 1995d: 215 (Syn.); 2001b: 92. TYPE LOCALITY: Taiwan (Tai-nan).

Body shiny, with clypeus and pronotum green to coppery green, clypeal margins bicolored with coppery yellow and dirty brown. Ventral surface and legs dirty brown to blackish brown. Pronotum semicircular, with sparse, microscopic punctures. Elytra with parallel striae, interstice flat with very large, dense punctures. Abdominal pleurites with white setal masses lateromedially. Pygidium with pairs of white setal masses medially. Ad: Basal piece with large base, median piece short, cylindrical. Parameres with length equal to length of other 2 parts combined, basal part tapered then weakly curved toward apex. Inner lobe tong-shaped, greatly extended. BL: 6-9 mm, BW: 4- 5 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Taiwan, southern China, Korea. KOREA: South extreme, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: JN Is. Wando, JJ Sang-Chujado, Temp. Gwaneumsa, Donneko ↔ Seoguipo. Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalini 75

SPECIMEN EXAMINED (19 specimens): [SWU] JN: 1♂1♀ (Is. Wando [Bulmok-ri and Mangchuk-ri]: 6.vii.1982, J.I. Kim). JJ: 1♂ (Is. Sang-Chujado: 15.vii.1985); 1♂2♀♀ (Gwaneumsa: 2.viii.1955); 1♂ (Donneko: 4.viii.1972, J.I. Kim); 11ex (Donneko ↔Seoguipo: 12.vii.1983, J.I. Kim); 1♂(18.vii.1966).

Subtribe Anomalina Streubel, 1839: 136. Jul-pung-deng-i-a-jog (줄풍뎅이아족)

Anomalidae Streubel, 1839.

This group is characterized by antennae with 9 antennomeres, elytral margins with a membrane, body not especially large, and pronotal base not concave adjacent to scutellum. The main genus is Anomala, which is primarily an Old World group with about 1,000 species. Seventy-two specific or subspecific names in 11 genera were recorded from Korea, but this was reduced to 28 species in 8 genera by Kim (1995d, 2001b). Type genus: Anomala Samouelle, 1819.

GENERA data not found (8 in Korea). SPECIES data not found (28 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide. KEY REFERENCE: Heyden (1887), Reitter (1903), Ohaus (1915a, 1915b, 1943), Murayama (1938a), Sawada (1938, 1941), Medvedev (1949), Machatschke (1952), Kalinina (1989), Kim (1995d, 1996a, 1996b, 1997a, 1998a, 1998b, 2001b).

Key to the genera of subtribe Anomalina

1. Pronotal base narrower than elytral base. Body entirely covered with long, yellowish white pubescence ······························································································································2 - Pronotal base wider or equal to elytral base. Dorsal surface without setae. Abdominal sternites with a medial row of setae ·······································································································3 2. Pronotum widest anteromedially, with each side straight. Korean species with distinct mesoster- nal process. Male aedeagus with very long parameres ···········································Proagopertha - Pronotum with corners nearly right angled, rounded, lateral sides weakly emarginate near hind angles. Protibiae with a internal spurs in both sexes ···············································Phyllopertha 3. Prosternal process between coxae thin, membranous, strongly developed. Mesosternum with sharp apex ······················································································································Mimela - Prosternum with or without process between coxae. Mesosternal process long or with sharp apex ·········································································································································4 4. Prosternum without process. Mesosternum with long process·································Callistethus - Without sternal process ···········································································································5 5. Protarsomeres 2-4 length less than each width in males, longer in females. Elytra yellowish brown in most, some individuals completely black. Body length generally less than 13 mm···Blitopertha - Protarsomeres 2-4 length slightly longer than each width. Body length generally longer than 12 mm······································································································································6 76 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

6. Body thick, oval, very shiny, blackish green, with yellowish brown elytra and abdomen. Male aedeagus with especially long parameres ······························································Chejuanomala - Dorsal side green in most, but with numerous variations·························································7 7. Elytra with 10 deep striae with setose punctures······Bifurcanomala (Hom-jul-pung-deng-i-sog) - Elytra without stria, smooth or with simple punctures··················································Anomala

Genus Proagopertha Reitter, 1903: 50. Jang-bal-pung-deng-i-sog (장발풍뎅이속)

Reitter (1903) established this genus from the species Anomala pubicollis Waterhouse, 1875 of Japan and Spilota acutisterna Fairmaire, 1878 of China. The species P. acutisterna is a synonym of P. lucidula, and the type species of this genus. The genus contains the previously mentioned two species and a Japanese species, P. ohbayashii Nomura, 1965. Two species, P. pubicollis and P. lucidula were recorded in Korea, but the former is a Japanese endemic. Type species: Anomala acutisterna Fairmaire, 1878.

SPECIES 3 (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: China, Korea, Japan. KEY REFERENCE: Reitter (1903), Kim (1996a, 2001b).

26. Proagopertha lucidula (Faldermann, 1835) (Pls. 3-26, 11-26, 18-26) Cham-na-mu-jang-bal-pung-deng-i (참나무장발풍뎅이)

Anomala lucidula Faldermann, 1835: 380. Phyllopertha lucidula: Murayama, 1935: 5; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 45; Sawada, 1941: 45; Cho, 1957: 293. Proagopertha lucidula: Stebnicka, 1980: 273; Kim et al., 1991e: 179; 2000: 132; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 153; Kim, 1996a: 106 (Cham-na-mu-jang-bal-P-D-I); 2001b: 94. Phyllopertha pubicollis Waterhouse, 1875: 111 (erroneous reports): Okamoto, 1924: 177; Masaki, 1936: 261; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 45; Sawada, 1941: 44; Cho, 1957: 293; 1963: 219 (Cham-na-mu-P-D-I); Cho et al., 1968: 265; KZS, 1968: 135. Proagopertha pubicollis (erroneous reports): KSPP, 1972: 208; Kim et al., 1987c: 506; 1991b(Cham-na- mu-jang-bal-P-D-I): 68; 1991d: 192; Park et al., 1993: 178; Park and Kim, 1993: 114. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Cheong-da-saeg-P-D-I (KZS, 1968). TYPE LOCALITY: Japan.

Body short, oval, covered with long, pale yellowish to pale brownish pubescence except elytra in many specimens. Color shiny black to coppery black, rarely greenish black, with pale brown to yellowish brown elytra. Pronotum with anterior angles rounded, posterior angles obtuse, base enlarged medially, with dense punctures varying in form and size. Mesosternal process well deve- loped. Elytra semitransparent, with strial punctures small, irregular; with interstitial punctures Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalini 77 indistinctly separate, without setae. Male: Protibiae without internal spur. Ad: Slender and long. Basal piece with greatly enlarged basal part; one side nearly cylindrical, projected like an arrow from main body. Median piece elliptic, slightly shorter than basal piece. Parameres slender, curved medially, large and thick at apex. Internal lobe long, with each side of apex extended, isosceles triangle-shaped. BL: 8-12 mm, BW: 4.5-7 mm. LARVAE: Zhang, 1984: 60.

DISTRIBUTION: Northern China, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Kyeongseong, Bocheonbo, Hyesanjin, PB Pyeongyang, Mt. Daeseong- san, SK- GW Mt. Seolaksan, Jeongseon, Imgye, Chuncheon Cheolwon, Hongcheon, GS Mt. Soyosan, Yangju-G, Mt. Aengmubong, Mt. Surisan, Mt. Myeongjisan, Gapyeong-G, Namyangju-G, Mt. Cheonmasan, Seoul, Mt. Cheolmasan, Is. Mueuido, Paju, Gapyeong, Gwangneung, Yeoju, Seoul-C, Seongnam, Anyang, Suwon, Pyeongtaek, CBN Mt. Soknisan, Jewon-G, Danyang, Cheongju, Yeong- dong, Seosan, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Mt. Chilgabsan, Daejeon, Secheon, Yuseong, GBN Munkyeong, Yecheon, Milyang, Bulyeong valley, Sacheon, JBN Muju, Gurye R. Seomjingang riverside, JBN ↔ GN- Mt. Jirisan. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (236 specimens): [SWU] HB: 1♂ (Hyesanjin: 1933); 1♂ (Bocheonbo: 1933). GW: 1ex (Mt. Seolaksan: 5.vi.1979); 1ex (Jeongseon: 6.v.1984). GS: 1♀ (Seoul Mt. Namsan: 1934); 2 ♂♂ (Cheongryang-ri: 1934); 3♂♂ (Mt. Soyosan: 1934); 2♀♀ (Gwangneung: 1933); 50ex (Mt. Myeongjisan, Gapyeong-G, Namyangju-G, Seoul, Suwon: iv-x.1958-2000). CBN: 24ex (Jecheon, Mt. Soknisan, Cheongju, Yeongdong, Seosan, Mt. Chilgabsan, Daejeon: iv-vi.1984-1998). GB: 1ex (Munkyeong: 26.v.1996). JB: 1ex (Muju: 26.v.1993). [NAAS] GS: 57ex (Seongnam, Suwon: iii- vi.1922-1989). CN: 2ex (Seocheon: 30.vi.1995). GBN: 5ex (Yecheon, Milyang: iv-v.1976-1989). JN: 1ex (Naju: 18.iv.1985). JJ: 1ex(vi.19?). [SNU] GW: 1ex (Hongcheon: 27.iv.1933). GS: 9ex[Seoul (3rd), Suwon: iv-viii.1955-1977]. [KU] GS: 13ex (Gapyeong, Seongnam, Pyeongtaek: iv-vi.1957-1991). CN: 1ex (Mt. Gyeryongsan: 20.iv.1983). [EWU] GS: 57ex (Mt. Cheonmasan, Yangju-G, Seoul, Gwangneung: iv-x.1959-1993). JB: 1ex (Muju: 14.x.1971). [Others] JN: 2 larva [sand dune of Seomjingang riverside Gurye: 23.vi.1987 (emerged in 5 and 20.ix.1987, by Kim J.I.)]. MONTHLY COLLECTION: 219 South Korean specimens →20.iii-17.x (iii- 2, iv- 106, v- 67, vi- 36, viii- 2, ix- 2, x- 2 specimens).

Genus Phyllopertha Stephens, 1830: 223. Da-saeg-pung-deng-i-sog (다색풍뎅이속)

Body covered with long, yellowish white pubescence. Pronotum high, with base narrower than elytral base, each corner nearly at right angles but rounded, lateral sides weakly emarginated near basal angles. protibiae with internal spurs in both sexes. Three species recorded in Korea, but one of them (Ph. intermixta) are misidentifications of Blitopertha pallidipennis. Type species: Scarabaeus horticola Linné, 1758 (by subsequent designation Westwood 1838).

SPECIES approximately 25 (2 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Old World. 78 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

KEY REFERENCE: Reitter (1903), Sawada (1938, 1941), Kim (1996a).

Key to the species of genus Phyllopertha

1. Body black, with yellowish brown to blackish brown antennae, maxillary palpi, elytra and tarsi. Clypeus large with variable punctures. Male antennal club nearly as long as stalk. Scutellum with dense punctures ···································································································P. diversa - Body black to coppery black, dorsal surface green to greenish blue, elytra yellowish brown to blackish brown. Clypeus narrow, with punctures large, nearly reticulate. Male antennal club shorter than stalk. Scutellum large, with some fine punctures ···································P. horticola

27. Phyllopertha diversa Waterhouse, 1875 (Pls. 3-27, 11-27, 12-27, 18-27) Yeon-da-saeg-pung-deng-i (연다색풍뎅이)

Phyllopertha diversa Waterhouse, 1875: 106: Heyden, 1887: 252; Okamoto, 1924: 178; Morita, 1936: 861; Doi, 1938: 97; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 49; Sawada, 1941: 48; Cho, 1957: 293; 1963: 219; KZS, 1968: 135 (Yeon-da-saeg-P-D-I); Cho et al., 1968: 265; Hyun and Woo, 1970: 194; Stebnicka, 1980: 208; Kim et al., 1991b: 68; 1991d: 192; 1991e: 179; 1992c: 154; 1996b: 128; 2000: 132; 2002: 120; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 153; Kim, 1996a: 108; 2001b: 95; Lie et al., 1997: 36. Phyllopertha diversa koreana Ohaus, 1915b: 325: Masaki, 1936: 252 (P. coreana, Soljeong-ri Is. Ganghwa- do); Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 49; Sawada, 1941: 48; KZS, 1968: 135; Kim, 1996a: 108. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Yeon-dda-saeg-P-D-I (Cho, 1963), Jin-yeon-dda-saeg-P-D-I (KSPP, 1972). TYPE LOCALITY: Japan (Nagasaki).

Body slightly long, oval, shiny black; with yellowish brown antennae, maxillary palpi, elytra; antennal club and tarsi reddish brown or partially yellowish brown to blackish brown. Dorsal color in female extremely variable from completely yellow to shiny black, or with varying patterns. Clypeus large, with anterior margin straight, widely reflexed, with large, rough, dense punctures. Clypeal suture distinct, with large, shallow, reticulate punctures. Vertex with small, scattered punctures. Pronotum with basal angles projected laterally, with large, rough, dense punctures. Scutellum large, triangular, with large, rough, dense punctures. Male: Antennal club nearly as long as stalk. Ad: Basal piece very large, wide, with length approximately 1.7 times length of median piece. Median piece slender, long. Parameres thick, with length approximately 1.3 times length of median piece, with inwardly projected, hooked apex. Internal lobe extended, covering most of ventral space, with widely rounded apex. BL: 7.5-9 mm, BW: 4-4.5 mm. LARVAE: Zhang, 1984: 59.

DISTRIBUTION: Southern Manchuria, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Gaema-plateau (Doi, 1938), SK- About 700 specimens from about 100 sites from 80 regions in the mountains, plains and islands including Jejudo, Is. Ganghwado. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (557 specimens): [SWU] GW: 28ex (Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Bangdaesan, Jumunjin, Hongcheon, Pyeongchang, Mt. Chiaksan: iv-vi.1974-1993). GS: 140ex [Is. Ganghwado, Yeoncheon, Pocheon-G, Mt. Myeongjisan, Gapyeong-G, Goyang-G, Namyangju-G, Yangpyeong-G, Seoul (5 st), Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalini 79

Suwon, Yong-in, Gwangju-G: iv-x.1935-2000]; 1ex (Gwacheon: 27.v.2001). CBN: 12ex (Cheongju, Goesan, Mt. Gwangdeoksan, Mt. Chilgabsan, Daejeon: v.1987-1996). GB: 1ex (Mt. Sobaeksan: 8.vi.1974). JB: 21ex (Muju, Mt. Naejangsan: v.1993, 1994); 2ex(Mt. Jirisan: v.1977-1989). [NAAS] GW: 1ex (Daegwallyeong: 13.vi.1973); 2ex (Mt. Chiaksan: 30.v.1974). GS: 1ex (Goyang: 11.vi.1996); 6ex (Suwon: v-vi.1924-1987). CN: 17ex (Daejeon: v.1998). GB: 12ex(Yecheon: v.1976). JN: 3ex(Seungju: v.1986). JJ: 1ex(29.v.1922). [SNU] GS: 21ex(Munsan, Gapyeong, Incheon, Seoul, Suwon, Gwangju, Yangpyeong: iv-vi.1968-1992). CB: 1ex (Cheongju: 10.vi.1992). JN: 2ex (Mt. Jirisan: v.1990). [KU] GW: 123ex (Mt. Seolaksan, Chuncheon, Hongcheon, Mt. Chiaksan: vi.1974-1992). GS: 70ex (Mt. Wangbangsan, Gapyeong-G, Namyangju-G, Goyang, Seoul-C, Seongnam, Mt. Yongmunsan: v- viii.1958-1985). CBN: 10ex (Mt. Soknisan, Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Hwanghaksan, Seosan, Mt. Gyeryong- san, Mt. Myeongseongsan: 1974-1988). GB: 2ex (Mt. Sobaeksan: vi.1974-1981). JBN: 14ex (Muju, Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Jogyesan: v-vii.1922-1988); JJ- 7ex (v.1978). [EWU] GW: 3ex (Mt. Chiaksan: vi.1979). GS: 30ex (Mt. Cheonmasan, Bigeum-gyegok, Seoul, Suwon, Siheung, Gwangju, Mt. Yongmunsan, Is. Ganghwado: v-vi.1956-1987). CN: 1ex (Cheongyang: 20.v.1988). JJ: 1ex (7.v.1981). [HSU] CN: 23ex(Mt. Gayasan: v.1994-1997). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 518 specimens → 2.iv-23.x (iv- 13, v- 294, vi- 207, vii- 1, viii- 1, x- 1 specimen). REMARKS: Ohaus (1915b) described P. d. koreana from a completely black specimen from Incheon (Chemulpo). This represents only one form of the female, which has many color variations. Females represented only 6% (24 specimens) of the 400 specimens examined.

28. Phyllopertha horticola (Linné, 1758) Nok-saeg-jang-bal-pung-deng-i (녹색장발풍뎅이)

Scarabaeus horticola Linné, 1758: 351. Phyllopertha horticola: Stebnicka, 1980: 273; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 153; Kim, 1996a: 108 (Nok-saeg- jang-bal-P-D-I); 2001b: 96.

Body oval, black to coppery black, dorsal surface with some green to metallic greenish blue colora- tion; elytra yellowish brown to blackish brown. Clypeus narrow, with anterior margin nearly straight, punctures large, nearly reticulate. Frontal punctures similar to clypeus, that of vertex more deep and dense. Pronotum elevated, with base narrower than elytral base, each corner with nearly right angles, with a weak concavitiy just before basal angle. Elytra with about 12 longitudi- nally rowed punctures, with indistinct, erect setae. Male: antennal club shorter than stalk. Scutel- lum large with some very fine punctures. BL: 9-11 mm, BW: 5 mm. LARVAE: Medvedev, 1952: 67, Zhang, 1984: 59.

DISTRIBUTION: Europe, , northern Asia, North Korea. KOREA: North Korea. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HN Hapsu, PN 6♂♂ and ♀♀ (Sunan and Sokam˘ - Cˇ osud˘ zi:ˇ 21.v.1965, Morczekowski and Riedel: recorded by Stebnicka 1980). SPECIMEN EXAMINED: [SWU] HN- 1♂, 2♀♀ (Hapsu: 19.vii.1934, Cho: samples partially broken). 80 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Genus Mimela Kirby, 1823: 92. Geum-jul-pung-deng-i-sog (금줄풍뎅이속)

Rhombonyx Hope, 1837 (Type species: Melolontha holosericea Fabricius, 1787). Paracrucis Newman, 1839 (Type species: Paracrucis cyanipes Newman, 1839). Amblomala Reitter, 1903 (Type species: Melolontha aurata Fabricius, 1801). Eriomela Reitter, 1903 (Type species: Mimela pomacea Bates, 1890). Paramimela Ohaus, 1915 (Type species: Euchlora circumcincta Hope, 1842). Trimela Ohaus, 1924 (Type species: Mimela macassara Heller, 1896).

This genus was studied by Reitter (1903) and Ohaus (1915, 1943), but they mainly focused on the body coloration, which can be highly variable. Later, Machatschke (1952) attempt to classify the group using external morphology and the male aedeagus. In Korea, 13 specific and six infraspecific names were recorded in three genera, but only four species are currently recognized and two are doubtful records from the region. Type species: Mimela chinensis Kirby, 1825.

SPECIES 162 in Palaearctic (Loebl and Smetana, 2006) (6 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Old Wold. KEY REFERENCE: Heyden (1887), Reitter (1903), Ohaus (1915a, 1943), Murayama (1938a), Machat- schke (1952), Kim (1996a).

Key to the species of genus Mimela

1. Prosternal process long, wide, leaf-shaped in form, with straight apex (subgenus Mimela). Body large oval, strongly shiny. Dorsal punctures very fine, sparse. Elytra smooth, without longitu- dinal carina ······························································································································2 - Prosternal process short, with variable apex (subgenus Paramimela). Body weakly shiny. Dorsal punctures very large, dense. Elytra roughened, with longitudinal carina ································3 2. Dorsal surface greenish yellow, occiput and pronotum green with large variation of greenish yellow to reddish brown. Ventral side and legs yellowish to dark brown. Clypeus and frons with punctures large, dense, wrinkled. Elytral punctures very large, dense in odd numbered interstices, very narrow with a row of dense punctures in even numbered interstices ···M. fusania - Dorsal side deep green, frequently with reddish coppery coloration. Ventral surface and legs dark green to blackish green. Clypeal punctures more dense than pronotal punctures. Pronotum with wide lateral ridges. Elytral punctures dense, in rows in stria; sparse, irregular at interstices ································································································································M. splendens 3. Body convex and long. Dorsal side green to dark green and partially reddish brown, or comple- tely violet to coppery red, with punctures deep, large, wrinkled. Ventral side and legs yellowish red or reddish violet to blackish brown. Clypeus nearly quadrate. Elytra with 4 thick longitudi- nal carina and 3 thin longitudinal carina ·······························································M. holosericea - Body flat, large posteriorly, mainly green but partially yellowish brown. Dorsal punctures smaller than that of M. holosericea, scattered. Elytra with 4 longitudinal carina of approximately equal thickness·························································································································4 4. Prosternal process moderately long, with weakly curved apex knife-shaped. Clypeus narrowed Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalini 81

apically, with anterior margin emarginated medially, reflexed. Pronotum with fine basal ridge and variable punctures. Elytral 1st interstices with very large, dense punctures, other punc- tures shallow, sparse. ·····························································································M. testaceipes - Prosternal process not enlarged, without knife-shaped apex ····················································5 5. Prosternal process strongly elevated, but not elongate. Resembles M. testaceipes, but with more lustrous elytral interstices. Ad: Paramere very short, with curved, hook-like apex ·····M. costata - Prosternal process weakly enlarged, with thick, curved to right angled apex (this subspecies without curved apex). Pronotum with lateral ridges complicated and with deep, dense punctures ····················································································································M. pekinensis coreana

29. Mimela fusania Bates, 1888 (Pls. 3-28, 12-28, 18-28) Bu-san-pung-deng-i (부산풍뎅이)

Mimela fusania Bates, 1888: 375; Ohaus, 1915a: 95; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 119; Maruta, 1929: 370; Masaki, 1936: 260; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 91; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 40; Cho, 1957: 294; 1969: 681 (Bu-san-P-D-I); Kim and Kim, 1974a: 229, 1975: 247; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 156; 1982b: 276; 1984c: 87; 1985: 105; Kim, 1978: 361; Stebnicka, 1980: 209; Nam and Kim, 1983: 129; Yoon et al., 1990a: 140; Kim et al., 1987c: 506; 1991b: 68; 1991d: 192; 1991e: 179; 2001: 132; 2005: 79; Park et al., 1992: 178; Park and Kim, 1993: 113; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 153; Kim, 1996b: 237; 2001: 98. Mimela chinensis Kirby, 1823(misidentified): Stebnicka, 1980: 209; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 153. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Ae-P-D-I (KSPP, 1972), P-D-I (Yoon et al., 1990a); M. chinensis=Jung-gug- cho-rok-P-D-I (ESK and KSAE, 1994). TYPE LOCALITY: Fusan (=Busan) Korea.

Body large, oval, with dorsal surface greenish yellow, occiput and pronotum green including many variations of greenish yellow to reddish brown, ventral surface and legs yellowish to dark brown. Clypeus with long, oval apex, narrowly reflexed anterior margin, with punctures shallow but large, dense, weakly wrinkled. Frons with punctures similar to clypeus. Elytral punctures very large, variable sized, dense, irregular in odd numbered interstices; very narrow with a row of dense punctures in even number’ed interstices. Prosternal process long, wide, leaf-shaped, with straight apex. Ad: Very weakly sclerized, broken easily, long compared with other Korean Mimela species. Compared to length of basal piece and median piece, parameres short. Parameres with base project- ed to ventral side, dorsal side weakly narrowed at base and apex, then weakly enlarged medially, with simple apex. BL: 13-17 mm, BW: 7.5-10 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Taiwan, China, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HN Wonsan, PN Pyeongyang, SK- More 1,000 specimens from about 140 sites from more than 80 regions across the mainland of the entire country including Seoul (20 sites). SPECIMEN EXAMINED (732 specimens): [SWU] GW: 1ex (Mt. Chiaksan: 6.vi.1974). GS: 78ex (Pocheon- G, Yangju-G, Namyangju-G, Seoul (6 st), Mt. Yongmunsan, Namyangju, Gwangju, Euiwang, Yong- in, Pyeongtaek: iv-viii.1959-1993). CN: 5ex (Yesan, Daejeon: v-vi.1974-1994). GB: 2ex (Pohang: vi.1985). JB: 1ex (Jeongeub: 22.vi.1973). JN: 1ex (Mt. Jirisan: 2.v.1984). [NAAS] GG: 24ex (Gwang- 82 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti neung, Yeoju, Suwon, Pyeongtaek: iv-vii.1921-1986). CN: 3ex (Mt. Chilgabsan: iv.1929). GB: 2ex (Hadong, Ulsan: v.1976, 1991). [SNU] GG: 43ex(Namyangju-G, Gwangju, Suwon: iv-x.1958-1995). JN: 1ex (Piagol: 29.v.1997). [KU] GS: 1ex (Mt. Soyosan: 13.v.1934); 361ex (Seoul, Goyang-G, Nam- yangju-G, Mt. Yongmunsan, Pyeongtaek: iv-ix.1959-1992). CB: 2ex (Chungju: v.1986). JN: 2ex(Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan: v, vi.1977, 1991). [EWU] GW: 3ex (Chuncheon, Yangyang: v-viii.1966- 1989). GS: 193ex (Pocheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Yangju-G, Goyang, Seoul, Yangpyeong-G, Gwangju, Suwon, Anyang: iv-x.1956-1988). CN: 2ex (Cheonan: v.1972). GN: 2ex (Busan: iv, viii.1964, 1972). JBN: 5ex (Muju, Mt. Naejangsan, Yeosu: iv-x.1971-1985). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 576 specimens →21.iv-5.x (iv- 75, v- 443, vi- 37, vii- 4, viii- 3, ix- 12, x- 2 specimens). BIOLOGY: Nakayama and Okamoto (1940). REMARKS: Greatly decreased populations since the 1990s (Kim, 1998c: 351).

30. Mimela splendens (Gyllenhal, 1817) (Pls. 3-29, 12-29, 18-29) Pung-deng-i (풍뎅이)

Melolontha splendens Gyllenhal, 1817: 110. Mimela splendens: Bates, 1888: 375; Maruta, 1929: 370; Yoshino, 1935a: 14; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 91; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 47; Kim, 1956: 9; Cho, 1957: 294; 1963: 219 (P-D-I); 1969: 680; Cho et al., 1968: 265; Ku, 1963: 28; Hyun and Woo, 1969: 193; Kim and Kim, 1975: 248; Kim and Nam, 1977: 131; 1982a: 156; 1982b: 276; 1984a: 103; 1984b: 328; Kim, 1978: 362; Yoon and Nam, 1979: 149; 1990b: 111; Kim, 1981: 345; 1995b: 140; 1996b: 237; 1997: 231; 2001b: 99; Kim et al., 1987b: 224; 1987c: 506; 1991b: 68; 1991d: 192; 1991e: 179; 1994b: 111; 1996b: 128; 2001: 132; 2004: 117; 2005: 79; Stebnicka, 1980: 274; Nam and Kim, 1983: 129; Park and Cho, 1986: 128; 1992: 178; Park and Park, 1987: 673; Park and Kim, 1993: 113; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 153; Lie et al., 1997: 45. Mimela splendens corusca Heyden, 1887: 253; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 47; Cho, 1957: 294. Mimela splendens cyanicollis Ohaus, 1915b: 96 (Chemulpo); Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 119; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 47; Cho, 1957: 294. Anomala difficilis Waterhouse, 1875: 111: Heyden, 1887: 252. Mimela difficilis: Reitter, 1903: 53; Kim et al., 1992b: 154; Park et al., 1993: 178. Mimela lucidula Hope, 1835: 113: Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 117; Okamoto, 1924: 177. Mimela lucidula gaschkewitschi Motschulsky, 1857: 32: Heyden, 1887: 253. Mimela lucidula coruscus Heyden, 1887: 253. Mimela flavilabris (misidentification): KSPP, 1972: 207; Kim and Chang, 1984: 169; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 153. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: M. splendens=Pung-deong-I (Gu, 1963); Nam-saeg-yun-P-D-I (KSPP, 1972); Po-do-P-D-I (Ku, 1973); M. difficilis=Gwang-taeg-cho-rok-P-D-I (Park et al., 1993). TYPE LOCALITY: China.

Body large, oval, with dorsal surface deep green, frequently with reddish coppery coloration, ventral surface and legs dark green to blackish green. Clypeus with anterior margin rounded, weakly reflexed, with punctures denser than pronotal punctures. Pronotum with shallow, longitu- dinal groove; lateral ridges wide. Prosternal process long, wide, leaf-shaped, with straight apex. Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalini 83

Elytra with dense punctures in striae rows; interstices with sparse, irregular punctures. Male: Protarsi short. Ad: Basal piece and median piece thick but short. Parameres slender, thin dorsal part of each lobe opened between in a thick forceps-like form, apices touching. Right lobe with apex triangular, projected; left lobe with apex concave, receiving projection from right lobe. BL: 15-21 mm, BW: 9-11 mm. LARVAE: Zhang, 1984: 56.

DISTRIBUTION: Indochina, Taiwan, China, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HN Gapsan, PB Sakju, PN Gangseo, WN Mt. Suyangsan, GW Mt. Geum- gangsan, SK- About 3,000 specimens from about 130 sites from 100 regions in the mountains, plains and islands across the entire country including Seoul (20 sites). SPECIMEN EXAMINED (1,787 specimens): [SWU] GW: 11ex (Mt. Seolaksan, Hongcheon, Hwacheon, Wonju: v-viii.1974-1997). GS: 278ex (Is. Ganghwado, Is. Deogjeokdo, Is. Baeknyeongdo, Paju, Yeoncheon, Mt. Baekwunsan, Pocheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Yangju-G, Namyangju-G, Seoul 4 st, Anyang, Gwangju-G, Yeoju: v-ix.1957-1991). CBN: 91ex (Mt. Soknisan, Mt. Wolaksan, Goesan, Jincheon, Cheonan, Mt. Mansusan: vi-ix.1960-1998); 2ex (Mt. Gyemyeongsan Chungju: 17.vi.2003); 2ex (Nonsan: 23.vi.2005). GB: 6ex (Munkyeong: vi-vii.1986-1989). JBN: 38ex (Buan, Gochang, Mt. Mudeungsan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekamsan, Is. Wando: v-xi.1922-1993). JJ: 8ex (vi-viii.1983-1997); [NAAS] NK: 1ex (Mt. Baekyangsan: 25.vi.1922). GW: 5ex (Chuncheon, Hongcheon: vi.1973-1996). GS: 58ex (Suwon: i-ix.1921-1996); 3ex (Mt. Cheong-gyesan, Geumgok: viii.1971,1976). CBN: 8ex (Cheongju, Mt. Soknisan, Gongju: vi-vii.1960-1996). GN: 1ex (Kimhae: 3.vi.1979). JBN: 17ex (Namwon, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Haenam: vi-viii.1924-1991). JJ: 145ex (v-vii.1922-1993). [SNU] GW: 1ex (Chuncheon: 12.ix.1993); 1ex (Yangyang: 23.vi.1986). GS: 69ex (Yeoncheon, Paju, Mt. Myeongjisan, Incheon, Seoul (3 st), Anyang, Suwon, Yongin, Gwangju, Yangpyeong: iv-x.1957- 1995). CBN: 12ex (Mt. Soknisan, Mt. Wolaksan, Asan: vi-xi.1960-1993). JBN: 120ex (Jinan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan: vi-vii.1924-1996). JJ: 18ex (vii.1965-1990). [KU] NK: 3ex (Songcheonri: vi-vii.1917); 1ex (Sakju: 7.vi.1931). GW: 2ex (Gangchon: vii.1975); 2ex (Hongcheon: vi.1984). GS: 264ex (Pocheon, Gapyeong, Namyangju-G, Goyang, Seoul 5 st, Mt. Surisan, Yong-in, Pyeongtaek, Gwangju, Mt. Yongmunsan: v-ix.1958-1992). CBN: 6ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Yeongdong, Mt. Gyeryong- san: v-vii.1979-1984). GBN: 72ex (Munkyeong, Bulyeong, Mt. Juwangsan, Nakdong-R, Mt. Gaya- san, Tongyeong: iv-viii.1960-1990). JBN: 20ex (Jeongeub, Gochang, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Duryunsan, Is. Hongdo: v-viii.1973-1993). JJ: 8ex (vii-ix.1959-1973); ?- 8ex (Mt. Beonamsan: vi.1988). [EWU] GW: 16ex (Gangchon, Mt. Seolaksan: iv-x.1970-1973). GS: 421ex (Pocheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Yangju-G, Goyang, Incheon, Seoul, Suwon, Seongnam, Yangpyeong-G, Gwangju-G, Ongjin-G: iv-x.1955- 1999). CBN: 21ex (Danyang, Chungju, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Taean-G, Hongseong: vi-viii.1967-1971). JBN: 9ex (Muju, Jeonju, Mt. Jirisan, Jangheung: vi-x.1969-1983). JJ: 11ex (v-viii.1965-1987). [HSU] CN: 34ex (Mt. Gayasan: iv-vi.1994-1997). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 1,490 specimens →11.iv-28.xi (iv- 11, v- 59, vi- 1,016, vii- 327, viii- 37, ix- 30, x- 9, xi- 1 specimen). 84 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

31. Mimela holosericea (Fabricius, 1787) (Pls. 3-30, 12-30, 18-30) Geum-jul-pung-deng-i (금줄풍뎅이)

Melolontha holosericea Fabricius, 1787: 21. Rhombonyx holosericeus: Heyden, 1887: 252; Stebnicka, 1980: 275. Anomala holosericea: Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 86; Cho, 1934: 75; Kim and Kim, 1975: 246; Kim and Nam, 1981: 125; 1982a: 156; 1984a: 103; 1984b: 328; Kim, 1978: 357. Mimela holosericea: Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1936: 211; 1937: 91; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 46; Nagaoka, 1940: 474; Mori and Cho, 1940: 13; 1947: 65 (Geum-jul-P-D-I); 1957: 293; 1969: 680 (Geum- jul-P-D-I); Cho et al., 1967: 297; Kim, 1960: 27; Won and Choi, 1968: 379; Kim and Kim, 1974a: 229; Kim and Nam, 1984b: 328; Kim et al., 1987a: 104, 1991b: 68; 1991d: 192; 1991e: 179; 1994a: 147; 1996b: 128; 1998: 170; 1999: 130; 2000: 132; 2002: 120; Kim, 1992: 106; 1993: 65; 1995a: 165; 1996b: 238; 1996c: 174; 2001b: 100; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 153; Lie et al., 1997: 44. TYPE LOCALITY: Siberia.

Body convex, long, with dorsal surface weakly metallic lustrous green to dark green but partially reddish brown, or completely violet to coppery red; punctures very deep, large, wrinkled. Ventral surface and legs yellowish red or reddish violet to blackish brown, green at visible angles. Clypeus nearly quadrate, with anterior margin straight, weakly reflexed. Pronotum with strong punctures, without median groove. Prosternal process short. Elytra with 4 thick pairs of longitudinal carina and 3 thin pairs. Ad: Very thick but with short parameres. Parameres with large, weakly sloped, thick apex; left lobe with rounded enlarged base dorsally, pushed against right lobe, ventral side of left lobe with more extended base. BL: 18-20 mm, BW: 6-9 mm. LARVAE: Zhang 1984: 55.

DISTRIBUTION: Mongolia, northern China, Siberia, Sakhalin, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central. South. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Mt. Kwanmobong, Kyeongseong, YG R. Karimgang riverside, Hyesanjin, Songheug, HN Hosan (=Bosan), Anbyun Mt. Baekamsan, PB Gasandong, Huchang, Deokcheon, Mt. Myohyangsan, GW Mt. Geumgangsan, Mt. Naegeumgang, NK ?- Shoko, Sounando, Kazando, Koshou, SK- GW Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Gachilbong, Mt. Hyangrobong, Mt. Sogeumgang, Inje, Pyeongchang, Mt. Gyebangsan, Mt. Odaesan, Wonju, Mt. Taebaeksan, GS Bigeum-gyegok, Mt. Myeongjisan, Gapyeong, Gwangneung, taeneung, Mt. Cheongkyesan, Seoul, Is. Daecheongdo, CB Mt. Soknisan, Mt. Wolaksan, GB Mt. Sobaeksan, Yeongju, Mt. Juwangsan, JN Mokpo, Mt. Yudalsan, Is. Hongdo. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (124 specimens): [SWU] GW: 4ex (Inje: vi-viii.1995-2000); 27ex (Mt. Odaesan: vi-viii.1958-1997); 3ex (Pyeongchang: vi-vii.1985). GG: 1ex (Is. Daecheongdo: 11.vi.1990); 2ex (Gapyeong: vi, viii.1991, 1993). CB: 3ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Soknisan: vi-viii.1989-1994). GB: 13ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Yeongju, Mt. Juwangsan: vi-viii.1986-1998); 12ex (Mt. Seondalsan: 29.vi-3.vii.1998); 9ex (Mt. Eoraesan: 30.vi.1998). JN: 1ex (Mokpo: 14.viii.1992). [NAAS] NK: 1ex [Hosan (=Bosan, HN): 8.vii.193?]; Mt. 1ex (Baekamsan: 24.vii.1925). [SNU] GW: 1ex (Mt. Odaesan: 21.vii.1974); 1ex (Wonju: 26.viii.1996). GG: 1ex (Mt. Myeongjisan: 20.vi.1992). CB: 1ex (Mt. Wolaksan: 20.v.1984). JN: 4ex (Mt. Jirisan: vi-vii.1976-1993). [KU] NK- HN: 2ex [Kandzanchin (=Hyesanjin): vii-viii.1933, 1934]; 3ex (Mt. Gwanmosan: vii.1932); 5ex (Mt. Naegeumgang: vii-viii.1930-1937). GW: 6ex (Mt. Gachilbong, Mt. Hyangrobong, Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Odaesan, Mt. Gyebangsan: vi-viii.1979-1994). Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalini 85

NK: 2ex (Shoko: 16.viii.1931); 2ex (Sounando: vii.1937); 2ex (Kazando: vii, viii.1937); 2ex (Koshou: viii.1936). [EWU] GW: 5ex (Mt. Sogeumgang: 30.vii.1974); 3ex (Mt. Odaesan: 9.vii.1995). GS: 2ex (Bigeum-gyegok: vi.1984). [HNHM - NK] YG: 2ex (R. Karimgang: 27.vii.1975). PN: 1ex (Mt. Myohyangsan: 13, 14.ix.1980); 2ex (Onjeong-ri Mt. Geumgangsan: 9-11.vii.1977, 17-21.vi.1988). MONTHLY COLLECTION: June to August except one specimen from September in Mt. Myohyang- san (NK) from a total of 124 specimens.

32. Mimela testaceipes (Motschulsky, 1860)(Pls. 4-31, 12-31, 18-31) Byeol-jul-pung-deng-i (별줄풍뎅이)

Anomala testaceipes Motschulsky, 1860: 14; Heyden, 1887: 252; Bates, 1888: 374; Niijima and Kino- shita, 1923: 87; Maruta, 1929: 369; Mochizuki, 1936: 211; Morita, 1936: 860; Masaki, 1936: 250; Doi, 1937: 63; Cho, 1947: 65; 1957: 293; Kim and Kim, 1976: 102; Kim and Nam, 1981: 125; 1982a: 156; Kim, 1978: 354; Shin, 1978: 143; Kim, 1981: 344; 1995a: 165; 1995b: 140; 2001: 101; Kim and Chang, 1982a: 145; Park and Cho, 1986: 128. Mimela (Rhombonyx) testaceipes: Reitter, 1903: 56. Paramimela testaceipes: Ohaus, 1915a: 91. Mimela (Paramimela) testaceipes: Wu, 1936: 1067. Mimela testaceipes: Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 46; Machatschke, 1952: 362; Hyun and Woo, 1969: 193; Kim et al., 1974b: 108; Nam and Kim, 1983: 129; Ku, 1963: 28 (Byeol-jul-P-D-I); Kim et al., 1987a: 104; 1987b: 224; 1987c: 506; 1991e: 179; 1991a: 232; 1991b: 68; 1991d: 192; 1992b: 154; 1994a: 147; 1994b: 111; 1996a: 59; 1996b: 128; 1998: 170; 1999: 130; 2000: 132; 2002: 120; 2003: 126; 2005: 79; Yoon et al., 1990a: 140; Park et al., 1993: 178; Park and Kim, 1993: 114; Kim, 1992: 106; 1993: 65; 1995a: 165; 1995b: 140; 1996b: 238; 1996c: 174; 1997: 231; 2000: 101; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 153; Lie et al., 1997: 43. Rhombonyx testaceipes: Stebnicka, 1980: 209. Anomala testaceipes ochroptera Ohaus, 1915: 91; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 88; Doi, 1935: 3; Kamijo, 1936: 95; Morita, 1936: 860. Rhombonyx ussuriensis Medvedev, 1951; Stebnicka, 1980: 209. Rhombonyx testaceipes ussuriensis: Kalinina, 1989: 411. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Jul-P-D-I (Hyun and Woo, 1969 and 6 others). TYPE LOCALITY: Japan.

Body flat, posterior apex large, mainly green sometimes partially or entirely yellowish brown, but with many individual variations. Dorsal punctures scattered, smaller than that of M. holosericea. Clypeus tapered apically, with anterior margin emarginate medially, reflexed. Pronotum with punctures small to large, sparse to dense in different individuals, with basal ridge fine, interrupted adjacent to scutellum. Prosternal process with apex weakly curved with knife-like form. Elytra with 4 longitudinal carina of equal thickness, weakly shiny, 1st interstitial with punctures very large, dense - but others shallow, weak. Ad: Moderately long, but with short parameres of 2/3 length of median piece. Parameral basal part with large, rounded space dorsally, smaller space on ventral side with dorsal part of 2 lobes suddenly tapered. Apex strongly slender, but thick at tip. Internal lobe very large, long, reaching base of ventral space. BL: 14-20 mm, BL: 6-9 mm. 86 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

LARVAE: Murayama, 1931: 56.

DISTRIBUTION: China, Amur, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo, Is. Ulleungdo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Musan, YG Hyesanjin, Huchang, Ganggye, HN Hamheung, PB Shineuiju, Suncheon, Yeongwon, Mt. Myohyangsan, Is. Sindo, PY Mt. Ryongaksan, Yongseong, WN Haeju, GW Mt. Geumgangsan, Mt. Naegeumgang, ?- Mt. Tschonbon, Nyompjang, Kuson (Tschondt- sin), Kekki (Vekki), SK- More than 1,500 specimens from about 180 sites from 140 regions in the mountains, plains and islands across the entire country including Seoul. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (1,117 specimens): [SWU] GW: 60ex (Goseong, , Mt. Seolaksan, Yang- yang, Donghae, Samcheok, Inje-G, Pyeongchang, Mt. Odaesan, Hongcheon, Chuncheon, Wonju, Jeongseon: vii-viii.1976-2001); 7ex (Chuncheon Bakam-ri/Bangha-ri: 10/20.vii.2009). GS: 183ex (Is. Baeknyeongdo, Is. Deogjeokdo, Is. Daecheongdo, Is. Ganghwado, Pocheon-G, Paju, Gapyeong-G, Namyangju-G, Incheon-C, Yangpyeong, Seoul 9 st, Seongnam, Whaseong, Yong-in, Anseong: vi- x.1959-2000); 1ex (Gapyeong: 19.vii.2002). CBN: 25ex (Jecheon, Chungju, Jincheon, Goesan, Mt. Soknisan, Taean, Cheonan, Mt. Mansusan, Buyeo: vi-viii.1960-1999). GBN: 111ex (Mt. Seondalsan, Mt. Eoraesan, Mt. Sobaeksan, Bonghwa, Yeongpung, Yeongyang, Yecheon, Mt. Palgongsan, Daegu, Mt. Biseulsan, Is. Jukdo, Mt. Jirisan, Changwon, Ulju: vi-ix.1981-2000); 1ex (Jochiwon: 27.vii.2008). JBN: 29ex (Wanju, Buan, Gochang, Mt. Deokyusan, Namwon, Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Yeocheon: 1983-1993). JJ: 7ex (vii.1985). [NAAS] NK: 1ex (Hyesan: 25.vii.1924); 2ex (Mt. Geum- gangsan: vii.1921, 1924). GW: 43ex (Hwacheon, Chuncheon, Daegwallyeong, Pyeongchang: vii.1995, 1998; viii.1987). GS: 86ex (Pocheon, Gapyeong, Yangpyeong, Suwon, Euiwang, Yong-in, Anseong: v-ix.1921-1998). CN: 17ex (Is. Anmyeondo, Boryeong: viii-x.1996-1998). GBN: 10ex (Bonghwa, Andong, Habcheon, Changnyeong, Kimhae: vi-viii.1982-1997). JBN: 10ex (Jeongeub, Mt. Jirisan, Muan, Gangjin, Goheung: v-xi.1922-1996). JJ- 2ex (7.vi.1986). [SNU] GW: 3ex (Daegwallyeong, Wonju, Chuncheon: vii, viii.1974, 1995, 1996). GS: 31ex (Yeoncheon, Sudong, Gwacheon, Anyang, Suwon: v-xi.1963-1997). CBN: 5ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Minjujisan, Mt. Gyeryongsan: vii.1983- 1997). GN: 5ex (Namhae: vi.1994). JN: 101ex (Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan: vi-viii.1926-1997). ?: 2ex (Mt. Heungjungsan: viii.1993). [KU] NK: 2ex (Mt. Naegeumgang: 5.vii.1916). GW: 10ex (Mt. Odaesan, Mt. Gyebangsan, Mt. Chiaksan: vii.1958-1981). GS: 82ex (Mt. Cheongkyesan, Mt. Myeong- jisan, Namyangju-G, Mt. Yongmunsan, Seoul, Yong-in: vii-viii.1934-1984). CBN: 42ex (Mt. Soknisan, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Mt. Chilgabsan: vii-ix.1957-1988). GBN: 35ex (Is. Ulleungdo, Mt. Sobaeksan, Munkyeong, Mt. Gayasan, Bulyeong, Mt. Naeyeonsan, Busan: vi-viii.1960-1990). JBN: 62ex (Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Jogyesan: vii-viii.1974-1985). ?: 2ex (Eusenrei: 27.vii. 1933). [EWU] GW: 22ex (Gangchon, Geojin, Jinburyeong, Mt. Seolaksan: vii-viii.1970-1983). GS: 43ex (Ongjin-G, Incheon, Goyang, Mt. Cheonmasan, Seoul, Suwon, Seongnam: v-x.1956-1987). CN: 7ex (Mt. Gayasan, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Daejeon: vii.1960-1973). GBN: 10ex (Munkyeong, Mt Sobaek- san, Namhae, Temp. Pyochungsa, Is. Gadeokdo: vii-viii.1956-1986). JN: 5ex (Mt. Jirisan, Yeosu, Haenam: vii-viii.1959-1977). [HSU] CN: 2ex (Mt. Gayasan: vi.1996,1997). [HNHM - NK] PY: 1ex (Mt. Ryongaksan: 10.vii.1982). PB: 5ex (Mt. Myohyangsan: 13, 14.vii.1982); 1ex (Mt. Geumgangsan GW: 4-6.viii.1975); 37ex (9-11.vii.1977); 5ex (22-25.vii.1982). MONTHLY COLLECTION: All Korean 1,024 specimens →2.v-20.xi (v- 10, vi- 147, vii- 555, viii- 275, ix- 18, x- 6, xi- 3 specimens). BIOLOGY: Murayama, 1936; Nakayama and Okamoto, 1940; Kim and Kang, 1993; Torikura, 1991: 415 (Japan). Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalini 87

33. Mimela pekinensis coreana Machatschke, 1952 U-ri-buk-gyeong-jul-pung-deng-i (우리북경줄풍뎅이)

Anomala pekinensis Heyden, 1886: 291. Mimela pekinensis coreana Machatschke, 1952: 367; Kim, 1996b: 240 (U-ri-buk-gyeong-jul-P-D-I); 2001b: 103. Mimela pekinensis koreana: Stebnicka, 1980: 209; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 153. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Jung-han-cho-rok-P-D-I (ESK and KSAE, 1994). TYPE LOCALITY: Chemulpo (=Incheon Jemulpo) Korea.

Body flat, posterior apex large; color green, sometimes partially or mostly yellowish brown (similar to M. testaceipes). Dorsal punctures shallower, smaller than that of M. testaceipes. Clypeus nearly quadrate, with anterior margin straight, reflexed. Pronotum with lateral sides very complicate (Machatschke, 1952), and with punctures deep, dense. Prosternal process enlarged, apex not curved.

DISTRIBUTION: China, Korea. KOREA: Central. KOREAN RECORDS: Che-mul-po (Tsche-mul-po), (holotype: 1♂, paratypes: 1♂ 4♀♀, deposited in Deutsche Entomologische Institut, Berlin). SPECIMEN EXAMINED: None. REMARKS: The specimens ware not found. The distributional record from Korea is doubtful.

34. Mimela costata (Hope, 1839) Keun-geum-jul-pung-deng-i (큰금줄풍뎅이)

Euchlora costata Hope, 1839: 73. Anomala costata: Nam and Kim, 1983: 128. Mimela costata: Kim and Chang, 1987a: 104; Kim, 1992: 106; 1996b: 240; 2001b: 104; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 153 (Keun-geum-jul-P-D-I). TYPE LOCALITY: China.

Similar to M. testaceipes, but more lustrous, with interstitial punctures of elytra lustrous. Prosternal process elevated, but not elongate, Ad: see Machatschke (1952), parameres very short, with curved, hook-like apex. BL: 16-21 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Korea, Japan; China in Ohaus’s list (Machatschke, 1952). KOREA: North Korea ?. KOREAN RECORDS: Korea (see Kim, 1996b: 240; 2001b: 104). SPECIMEN EXAMINED: HNHM: Korea, 1 specimen (Reitter, 1893). REMARKS: One specimen kept in HNHM, labeled “Korea, Reitter, 1893”. There are several speci- mens including some Anomala species, from the years 1893-1898. However, it is unclear if Reitter collected in Korea during this period. 88 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Removed Mimela Species from the Korean Fauna

1. Mimela concolor Blanchard, 1851 Nam-bu-cho-rog-pung-deng-i (남부초록풍뎅이)

Mimela concolor Blanchard, 1851: 196: Stebnicka, 1980: 209 (distribution table); ESK and KSAE, 1994: 153 (Nam-bu-cho-rog-P-D-I) →This species is an Oriental endemic. In my opinion, this species does not occur in Korea.

2. Mimela coreana Niijima and Kinoshita ?

Mimela coreana Niijima and Kinoshita: Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 91 →This scientific name is exist. This error originated from an misspelling of the generic name for Miridiva coreana Niijima and Kinoshita by Niijima and Kinoshita (1923).

3. Mimela flavilabris (Waterhouse, 1875) Ae-sam-na-mu-jul-pung-deng-i (애삼나무풍뎅이)

Anomala flavilabris Waterhouse, 1875: 110: Kim, J.I. and Chang, 1987: 169 (misidentification); KSPP, 1972: 207 (Ae-sam-na-mu-P-D-I); ESK and KSAE, 1994: 153 (Ae-sam-na-mu-jul-P-D-I, Ae-sam-na- mu-P-D-I) →No specimens or data have been found to substantiate this record.

4. Mimela testaceoviridis Blanchard, 1850 Gwang-no-rang-pung-deng-i (광노랑풍뎅이)

Mimela testaceoviridis Blanchard, 1850: 197 (China): Niijima and Kinoshita, 1927: 57; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 48; Cho, 1957: 294; KZS, 1968: 135 (Gwang-no-rang-P-D-I); KSPP, 1972: 208; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 135 →The first record of this species said that it was “common in Taiwan and Korea”. This is not correct because no specimens or data have been found to substantiate this record. In my opinion, Niijima and Kinoshita misidentified another species or perhaps misspelled M. testaceipes.

Genus Callistethus Blanchard, 1851: 198. Deung-no-rang-pung-deng-i-sog (등노랑풍뎅이속)

Type species: Callistethus consularis Blanchard, 1851. Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalini 89

SPECIES 2 (in northern China by Machatschke, 1955) (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: China, Korea. KEY REFERENCE: Machatschke (1955), Kim (1996b, 2001a, b).

35. Callistethus plagiicollis (Fairmaire, 1886) (Pls. 4-32, 12-32, 30-32) Deung-no-rang-pung-deng-i (등노랑풍뎅이)

Anomala plagiicollis Fairmaire, 1886: 329: Murayama, 1935: 5; 1937a: 35; 1937b: 14 (A. plagracollis); Mori and Cho, 1940: 13 (A. plagiicolis); Cho, 1947: 65, 1957: 292. Anomala (Anomala) plagiicollis: Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 38. Anomala (Spilota) plagiicollis: Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 116; 1927: 41; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 42. Spilota plagiicollis: Reitter, 1903: 51; Stebnicka, 1980: 273; Kim et al., 1991b: 68 (Deung-no-rang-P-D-I); 1991c: 154; 1991d: 193; 1991e: 179; 1992b: 154; 1994b: 111; 1996a: 59; 1996b: 128; 1997: 231; 1998: 170; 1999: 130; 2002: 120; 2003: 126; 2004: 117; Kim, 1992: 106; 1993: 65; 1995a: 165; 1995b: 140; 1996a: 109; 1996c: 174; 2001b: 105; Park and Kim, 1993: 114; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 153 (S. plagicollis) Callistethus plagiicollis: Lie et al., 1997: 35. Anomala impicta Bates, 1888: 374 (Corea). Anomala (Spilota) plagiicollis impicta: Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 42; Cho, 1957: 292. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Meok-da-ri-P-D-I (Cho, 1947); Geom-jeong-da-ri-P-D-I (KZS, 1968). TYPE LOCALITY: East Siberia, China.

Body long, oval, shiny, dorsal part highly convex, color yellow, clypeus and pronotal margins green to greenish blue, ventral surface laterally brown to dark brown, median parts of abdominal sternites green to coppery black, frequently all sternites and legs green to coppery black, tibiae and tarsi shiny blackish indigo. Clypeus with anterior margin rounded, weakly reflexed. Mesosternal process very long, prosternal process absent. Elytra with very large, rough, irregular, scattered punctures near elytral suture, striae shallow but distinct. Ad: Basal piece very long, with similar length to median piece and parameres combined. Median piece very short, length 1/2 length of parameres. Paramere with very wide, gradually narrowed to apex, curved ventrally at apex, internal lobe wide but very short. BL: 12-18 mm, BW: 5.5-9 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: China, eastern Siberia, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- YG Mt. Baekdusan Samjiyeon hotel, HN Temp. Seokwangsa Anbyun, PB Mt. Myohyangsan, GW Mt. Geumgangsan, SK- before the year 1990: Temp. Woljeongsa (Mt. Odaesan), Gwangneung, Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Baekyangsan, Hamyang, Mt. Gayasan, Jejudo; after the year 1990: about 1,200 specimens from about 130 sites from 100 regions in the mountains, plains and islands across the entire country, but not well represented from islands and high mountains. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (1,057 specimens): [SWU] GW: 93ex (Goseong, Sokcho, Mt. Odaesan, Dong- hae, Samcheok, Yangku, Inje-G, Hongcheon-G, Hoengseong, Hwacheon, Chuncheon, Wonju-C, Pyeongchang-G, , Bugpyeong: v-viii.1962-2001). GS: 55ex (Yeoncheon, Pocheon, Gapyeong, Namyangju-G, Yangpyeong-G, Seoul 6 st, Yong-in, Gwangju-G, Giheung, Gangwhado: iv- viii.1957-1996). CBN: 47ex (Chungju, Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Soknisan, Goesan, Jincheon, Yeongdong, 90 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Cheonan, Nonsan: v-viii.1960-1998). GBN: 104ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Bonghwa, Yeongju, Andong, Yecheon, Mt. Juwangsan, Mt. Palgongsan, Jungsan-ri, Ulju, Sacheon, Changwon, Busan, : vi- ix.1975-1998); 227ex (Mt. Seondalsan: 29.vi-3.vii.1998); 3ex (Sangju: 5, 6.vi.2008); 1ex (Gumi: 19.vii. 2001). JBN: 21ex (Muju, Buan, Gochang, Mt. Naejangsan, Piagol, Mt. Baekwunsan: v-viii.1976- 1998); 1ex (Gurye: 9.vii.2001). JJ: 2ex (vii.1983, 1997). [NAAS] NK: 3ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: vii, viii. 1924). GW: 15ex (Mt. Seolaksan, Pyeongchang, Mt. Odaesan, Hongcheon: vi-viii.1923-1997). GS: 12ex (Mt. Soyosan, Incheon, Suwon: vi-viii.1993-1997). CN: 1ex (Gongju: 26.vi.1991). GBN: 52ex (Bonghwa, Andong, Geumneung, Yeong-il, Hamyang: vi-ix.1983-1997). JBN: 6ex (Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan: vi-vii.1922-1995). JJ: 2ex (vi, vii.1975, 1993). [SNU] GW: 3ex (Daegwal- lyeong, Wonju: vii, viii.1974, 1996). GS: 50ex (Ganghwa, Pocheon, Paju, Yangju-G, Seoul, Gwangju, Suwon, Anyang, Icheon: v-x.1957-1997). CB: 4ex (Mt. Wolaksan: vii, xi.1983, 1996). JBN: 90ex (Mt. Deokyusan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan: vi-viii.1970-1997). JJ: 1ex (13.vii.1993). [KU] NK: 3ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: v, viii.1916, 1925). GW: 37ex (Mt. Seolaksan, Gachilbong, Yangku, Hwacheon, Mt. Odaesan, Mt. Chiaksan: v-vii.1958-1994). GS: 28ex [Pocheon-G, Namyangju-G, Mt. Yongmun- san, Seoul (4 st), Suwon: v-xii.1958-1996]. CBN: 5ex (Mt. Soknisan, Yeongdong, Mt. Gyeryongsan: vii.1957-1988). GBN: 25ex (Munkyeong, Bulyeong, Mt. Juwangsan, Mt. Gayasan: vi-viii.1960-1990). JN: 30ex (Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Jogyesan, Mt. Duryunsan: vi-viii.1976-1993). JJ: 2ex (2.viii.1959). [EWU] GW: 10ex (Gangchon, Yangyang, Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Odaesan: vi-vii.1973-1995). GS: 29ex (Gapyeong-G, Seoul, Gwangneung: vi-viii.1959-1984). CN: 1ex (Mt. Gayasan: 22.vii.1968). GB: 3ex (Mt Sobaeksan: vii.1983); 1ex (Mt. Jirisan: 10.viii.1959). JJ: 1ex (31.v.1982). [HSU] CN: 64ex (Mt. Gayasan: iv-vi.1995-1997). [HNHM - NK] YG: 1ex (Mt. Baekdusan: 18.vii.1977). PB: 3ex (Mt. Myohyangsan: 3.vii.1991). GW: 1ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: 4.viii.1975); 5ex (9-12.vii.1977); 1ex (22.vii. 1982); 1ex (17.vi.1988); 8ex (9-12.vi.1991). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 716 specimens →9.v-26.xii (v- 16, vi- 279, vii- 338, viii- 80, ix- 9, x- 3, xi- 3, xii- 1 specimen). REMARKS: Murayama (1935b) recorded this species from southern China and a few records from Korea (listing five sites in North and South Korea). In my experience based on collections and the examination of samples, this species is in the “increase tendency” category for Korea (Kim, 1998).

Genus Blitopertha Reitter, 1903: 85. Yeon-no-rang-pung-deng-i-sog (연노랑풍뎅이속)

Some authors were treated this genus as a synonym of Anomala (as with the genus Callistethus), while other authors placed it in synonymy with Exomala. More detailed research is needed on this systematics problem. Type species: Melolontha lineata Fabricius, 1798.

SPECIES less than 30 (?), 13 (3 subgenera: Reitter, 1903) (3 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Old World, introduced to North America. KEY REFERENCE: Reitter (1903), Sawada (1938, 1941), Kim (1996a, 2001a, b).

Key to the species of genus Blitopertha

1. Dorsal surface completely covered with setae (subgenus Blitopertha). Small species less than 11 Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalini 91

mm in length. Dorsal side coppery black, covered with long, white to dirty yellow setae. Elytra yellowish brown with fine, irregular, scattered blackish brown patterns, with fine, long, irregular, strial punctures. Propygidium exposed································································B. conspurcata - Dorsal surface without setae, but ventral surface with short, sparse setae (subgenus Exomala). Large species more than 10 mm in length, rarely more than 13 mm. Body color pale to brownish yellow in most, generally with triangular, black patterns on pronotum, but with many individual color variations including completely black. Propygidium not exposed ··································2 2. Pronotum with punctures nearly round near base. Elytra without black pattern. Ad: Parameres with heart-shaped internal lobe and weakly curved apex ····································B. pallidipennis - Prontal punctures transversally elliptic to dumbbell shaped. Elytra with pale brownish to black, elliptic spotted patterns with a fan-liked arrangement in 2-3 rows. Ad: Parameres with internal lobe narrower and longer than that of B. pallidipennis, apex weakly curved ··············B. orientalis

36. Blitopertha conspurcata (Harold, 1878) (Pls. 4-33, 12-33, 18-33) Eo-ggae-mu-neui-pung-deng-i (어깨무늬풍뎅이)

Phyllopertha conspurcata Harold, 1878: 71 (include some misspellings, for example: P. conspercata): Heyden, 1887: 252; Bates, 1888: 373; Lewis, 1895: 400; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 120; Cho, 1934: 75; 1969: 679; Cho et al., 1967: 198 (Eo-ggae-mu-neui-P-D-I); Haku, 1937: 121; Masaki, 1936: 261; Doi, 1937: 62; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 92; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 44; Sawada, 1941: 54; Kim and Kim, 1974a: 229; 1975: 246; Kim and Nam, 1984a: 103; 1984c: 87. Blitopertha conspurcata (including B. conspercata): Kim and Kim, 1971: 160; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 157; 1982b: 277; 1984b: 328; 1985: 105; Kim, 1978: 374; Yoon and Nam, 1979: 149; 1985: 160; Stebnicka, 1980: 279; Kim, 1981: 345; 1992: 106; 1993: 65; 1995a: 165; 1996a: 110; 2001: 107; Kim et al., 1987c: 506; 1991b: 68; 1991d: 192; 1991e: 179; 1994a: 147; 1998: 170; 2000: 132; 2001: 132; 2005: 79; 2006: 37; Park et al., 1993: 177; Park and Kim, 1993: 113; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 152; Kim, 1996a: 110; 2001b: 107. TYPE LOCALITY: Japan.

Body dorsal surface with weak lustre, coppery black, covered with long, white to dirty yellow setae (more distinct in male). Clypeus short, wide, with anterior margin straight; strongly reflexed; with large, deep, transverse wrinkled superficial punctures. Pronotum with transverse punctures wrinkled at apical end, reticulate at basal end. Elytra short exposing propygidium; color patterns yellowish brown with fine, irregular, scattered blackish brown markings; with strial punctures fine, long, irregular, dense, confused with linear interstitial punctures;. Ad: Basal piece large and wide. Parameres with roundly doubled lobes adjacent to wide dorsal face, lateral face narrow; with apex thick, curved inwardly. Internal lobe protruding ventrally, with apex sharp, triangular. BL: 8-11 mm, BW: 4.5-5.5 mm. LARVAE: Medvedev 1952: 70, Zhang 1984: 58.

DISTRIBUTION: Northern China, Siberia, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Mt. Kwanmobong, Jongseong, Jueul, YG Hyesanjin Mt. Namdaebong, 92 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Ganggye, HN Hamheung, Wonsan, PB Shineuiju, Suncheon, Mt. Myohyangsan, PY Pyeongyang, PN Yangdeok, WN Haeju, GW Mt. Geumgangsan, Jeohangryeong, GG Gaeseong Mt. Cheonmasan, SK- More 2,000 specimens from more than 140 sites from 100 regions in the mountains, plains and islands across the entire country including Seoul (20 sites) and Jejudo. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (1,465 specimens): [SWU] GW: 49ex (Mt. Seolaksan, Jumunjin, Hoengseong, Pyeongchang, Jeongseon, Chuncheon: v-vii.1980-1998). GS: 236ex (Is. Ganghwado, Pocheon-G, Paju, Goyang-G, Namyangju-G, Seoul (6 st), Gwangju-G, Gwacheon, Suwoen, Yong-in, Icheon: iv- x.1963-1997); 1ex (Incheon: 5.vi.2002). CBN: 30ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Cheongwon, Okcheon, Mt. Hwang- haksan, Cheonan, Daejeon: iv-vi.1963-1997). GBN: 11ex (Bonghwa, Munkyeong, Mt. Gayasan, Sacheon: v-vi.1978-1998). JBN: 26ex (Gochang, Buan, Jangseong, Gurye, Seungju: v-vi.1987-1994). [NAAS] GW: 11ex (Chuncheon, Mt. Odaesan, Wonseong: v-vi.1981-1993). GS: 19ex (Suwon: v- vi.1922-1993). CB: 10ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Danyang: v-vi.1979-1986). GB: 14ex (Andong: viii.1983). [SNU] GS: 141ex (Munsan, Gapyeong, Namyangju-G, Seoul, Anyang, Yong-in, Anseong: v-vi.1968- 1994). CBN: 5ex (Cheongju, Mt. Wolaksan, Nonsan: vi-v.1984-1992). GN: 1ex (Sancheong: 13.vii.1995). JBN: 6ex (Muju, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan: v-viii.1990-1999). [KU] NK- HN: 2ex [Kandzanchin (=Hyesanjin): vi.1934]; 3ex [Jueul, Mt. Gwanbozan (=Gwanmobong): 14, 18.vii.1932]. GW: 35ex (Chuncheon, Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Chiaksan, Gangneung: v, vi.1974-1979). GS: 339ex [Is. Ganghwado, Is. Yeongjongdo, Is. Daebudo, Pocheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Goyang-G, Namyangju-G, Yangpyeong-G, Seoul (7 st), Singal, Gwangju-G: v-vi.1931-1992]. CBN: 82ex (Jecheon, Chungju, Mt. Wolaksan, Danyang, Mt. Gwangdeoksan, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Daejeon: 1974-1987). GB: 11ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Munkyeong, Andong, Mt. Juwangsan, Mt. Geum-: v-vi.1974-1996). JBN: 46ex (Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Jogyesan, Mt. Duryunsan: v-vi.1972-1993). [EWU] GW: 6ex (Gangchon, Is. Nam-isum: v-vi.1972, 1974); 5ex (Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Gyebangsan, Mt. Odaesan: v-vi.1979-1995). GS: 362ex (Gapyeong-G, Yangju-G, Namyangju-G, Yangpyeong-G, Seoul, Anyang, Suwon, Incheon, Is. Ganghwado, Is. Yeongjongdo, Is. Songdo, Is. Jakyakdo, Is. Deogjeokdo: iv- x.1956-1993). CN: 1ex (Cheongyang: 20.v.1988). GB: 1ex (Yecheon: 17.v.1987). JN: 2ex (Mt. Jirisan: v.1966). [HNHM - NK] PB: 9ex (Mt. Myohyangsan: 24-28.v.1991). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 1,358 specimens →28.iv-3.x (iv- 5, v- 670, vi- 726, vii- 42, viii- 9, ix- 4, x- 1 specimen).

37. Blitopertha pallidipennis Reitter, 1903 (Pls. 4-34, 12-34, 18-34) Yeon-no-rang-pung-deng-i (연노랑풍뎅이)

Blitopertha pallidipennis Reitter, 1903: 89 (subgenus Blitopertha) (include subspecies B. p. nigrata): Stebnicka, 1980: 249; Kim et al., 1987c: 506; 1991b: 68; 1991c: 154; 1991d: 192; 1991e: 179; 1992: 154; 1994a: 147; 1996a: 59; 1996b: 128; 1998: 170; 1999: 130; 2000: 132; 2001: 132; 2002: 120; 2003: 126; 2005: 79; Kim, 1992: 106; 1993: 65; 1995a: 165; 1995b: 140; 1996a: 111; 1996c: 174; 1997: 231; 2001b: 108; Park et al., 1993: 177; Park and Kim, 1993: 113; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 152. Phyllopertha pallidipennis (include subspecies P. p. nigrata): Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 212; Cho, 1934: 75; 1947: 65 (Yeon-no-rang-P-D-I; var. nigrata=Nong-ja-saeg-P-D-I); 1957: 293; 1969: 679; Murayama, 1935: 197; Masaki, 1936: 261; Haku, 1937: 121; Mochizuki, 1936: 211; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 92; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 44; Mori and Cho, 1940: 13; Sawada, 1941: 49; Hyun and Woo, 1970: 80; Kim and Kim, 1974b: 108; 1975: 247; 1976: 102; Kim and Nam, 1978: 134; 1981: Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalini 93

125; 1982a: 156; 1982b: 276; 1984a: 103; 1984b: 328; 1984c: 87; Yoon and Nam, 1978: 83; 1979: 149; 1990b: 111; Kim, 1981: 345; Park and Cho, 1986: 128. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Mi-saeg-P-D-I (Ku, 1973). TYPE LOCALITY: P. pallidipennis →Wladiwostok, Ussuri, Korea. P. pallidipennis nigrata →Wladiwostok, Korea.

Body color pale to brownish yellow in most, with a pair of triangular pronotal patterns colored coppery to greenish black (rarely white), but with numerous individual variations including completely black (=variety or subspecies P. p. nigrata) and nearly without pattern. Clypeus nearly semicircular, with anterior margin weakly reflexed, with punctures large, shallow, nearly reticulate. Pronotum with round punctures near frontal angles and base. Elytral interstices convex, with irre- gular punctures in rows; punctures of 1st row simlar to those of striae; strial punctures very fine, sparse, without pattern. Propygidium not exposed. Ad: Short but thick. Parameres with thick, weakly curved apex; internal lobes large, triangular (nearly heart-shaped), but with many variations. BL: 8-12.5 mm, BW: 4.5-7 mm. LARVAE: Medvedev, 1952: 69; Zhang, 1984: 58.

DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Siberia, Manchuria, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Musan, Mt. Kwanmobong, Jueul, Posangdong, YG Hyesanjin, Huchang, Ganggye, Mt. Zedongsan, HN Bujeonryeong, Hamheung, Pungsan, Bocheonbo, Gasandong, PB Suncheon, Yeongwon, Mt. Myohyangsan, PY Mt. Moranbong, Yongseong, PN Yangdeok, WN Haeju, GW Mt. Geumgangsan, Mt. Naegeumgang, GG Mt. Bakyeonsan, SK- About 4,000 specimens from about 200 sites from 140 regions across the entire mainland including Seoul (more 40 sites) and the islands (Iss. Jejudo, Boleumdo and Geojedo). SPECIMEN EXAMINED (2,686 specimens): [SWU] GW: 317ex [all counties (-gun) and Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Odaesan: vi-viii.1934-2000]. GS: 477ex [all counties (-gun, including more 40 st. of Seoul): iv- x.1975-2001]. CBN: 92ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Soknisan, Eumseong, Jincheon, Chungju, Cheongju, Danyang, Yeongdong, Seosan, Seocheon, Mt. Mansusan, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Mt. Chilgabsan: vi- x.1960-1999). GBN: 163ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Mt. Seondalsan, Mt. Eoraesan, Bonghwa, Yeongpung, Munkyeong, Yeongyang, Andong, Sangju, Mt. Biseulsan, Mt. Juwangsan, Gyeongju, Pohang, Changnyeong, Sacheon, Ulsan: vi-viii.1979-2002). JBN: 35ex (Muju, Buan, Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Yeocheon: vi-viii.1988-1994). JJ: 1ex (17.viii.1991). [NAAS] NK: 1ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: 7.vii.1924); 1ex (Mt. Baekyangsan: 25.vi.1922); 1ex (Musan: 18.vii.1923). GW: 1ex (Daegwallyeong: viii.1987). GS: 24ex (Mt. Myeongjisan, Suwon, Seonghwan, Gwangju: vi-xi.1924- 1993). CB: 2ex (Jincheon, Mt. Wolaksan: vii,viii.1974-1983); 1ex (Boeun: 5.vii.2008). GBN: 4ex (Andong, Yangsan, Jinju, Masan: vi, vii.1922, 1986-1988); 1ex (Yotori: 8.iv.1931); 1ex(Gumi: 20.vii.2001). [SNU] GW: 21ex (Chuncheon, Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Odaesan, Daegwallyeong, Mt. Chiaksan: vi- vii.1974-1997). GS: 85ex [Pocheon, Mt. Myeongjisan, Cheongpyeong, Seoul (3 st), Gwangju, Anyang, Suwon-C: iv-ix.1959-1997]. CB: 32ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Cheongju, Mt. Soknisan: vi-vii.1983- 1992). GBN: 4ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Sancheong: vii.1995, viii.1996). JBN: 18ex (Jeonju, Mt. Deokyusan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan: v-viii.1968-1997). [KU] NK: 2ex (Naegeumgang: vii.1930); 1ex (Bocheonbo: 15.vii.1926). GW: 145ex (Chuncheon, Yangyang, Mt. Gyebangsan, Mt. Odaesan, Mt. Dutasan, Mt. Chiaksan, Jeongseon: iv-viii.1931-1995). GS: 331ex [Pocheon, Gapyeong, Yangju-G, Namyangju-G, Yangpyeong-G, Seoul (7 st), Gwangju-G, Gimpo, Anyang, Suwon, Pyeongtaek: iv- 94 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti ix.1931-1996]. CBN: 222ex (Mt. Soknisan, Yeongdong, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Onyang, Mt. Chilgabsan: v-viii.1957-1983). GBN: 290ex (Munkyeong, Mt. Sobaeksan, Bulyeong, Mt. Cheongryangsan, Mt. Juwangsan, Mt. Gayasan, Tongyeong: vi-viii.1960-1994). JBN: 18ex (Muju, Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Jogyesan: v-viii.1974-1988). JJ: 5ex (v-viii.1933-1974). [EWU] GW: 43ex (Mt. Seolaksan, Jinbu- ryeong, Gangneung, Mt. Sogeumgang, Gangchon, Mt. Chiaksan, Mureung-gyegok: iv-x.1958- 1984). GS: 303ex (Pocheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Yangpyeong-G, Seoul-C, Gwangju-G, Siheung, Incheon- C, Suwon: v-x.1955-1994). CBN: 13ex (Jecheon, Yeongdong, Okcheon, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Mt. Gwangdeoksan: vi-vii.1969-1993). GB: 2ex (Mt Sobaeksan: vii.1983). JBN: 1ex (Muju: 3.viii.1974); 2ex (Mt. Jirisan: vi.1961). [HSU] CN: 13ex (Temp. Sudeoksa: 19.viii.1997). [HNHM - NK] YG: 1ex (Mt. Zedongsan [1,150 m]: 22.vii.1975). PY: 1ex (Mt. Moranbong: 8.vii.1982). PB: 1ex (Mt. Myohyang- san: 18.vii.1982); 6ex (3-6.vii.1991); 3ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: 11, 12.vii.1991). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 1,789 specimens →8.iv-21.x (iv- 19, v- 20, vi- 495, vii- 995, viii- 260, ix- 20, x- 9, xi- 1 specimens). REMARKS: Sex ratio of adults →♀:♂=18:1,200 for a total of 1,218 specimens (809 normal+409 P. p. nigrata type)/♀:♂=9:400 (in P. p. nigrata type) ⇒♀=1.5% (2.25% in nigrata type). This species is very similar to the next species, B. orientalis, in external features and male aedeagus. More studies are needed on the species boundaries between these two species.

38. Blitopertha orientalis (Waterhouse, 1875) (Pls. 4-35, 12-35, 18-35) Deung-aeol-lug-pung-deng-i (등얼룩풍뎅이)

Phyllopertha orientalis Waterhouse, 1875: 108: Yoshino, 1935a: 14; 1935b: 3; Ku, 1963: 28. Anomala orientalis: Heyden, 1887: 252; Bates, 1888: 374. Blitopertha (Exomala) orientalis: Reitter, 1903: 89. Blitopertha orientalis: KSPP, 1972: 206 (Britopertha, Deung-aeol-lug-P-D-I); Stebnicka, 1980: 206; Kim et al., 1991e: 179; 1996a: 112; 1996b: 128; 1999: 130; 2000: 132; 2002: 120; 2005: 79; 2006: 37; Kim, 1996c: 174; 1997: 231; 2001b: 110; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 152. TYPE LOCALITY: Japan (Kawachi, Nagasaki, Hakodadi).

Very similar to B. pallidipennis. Body color nearly same as former species frequently with comple- tely black to partially greenish black individuals; but differ in elytral patterns, which are pale brownish to black, elliptic (but larger near base) spotted, with a fan-like arrangement in 2-3 rows, but with numerous variations including white specimens or specimens without patterns like B. pallidipennis. Pronotal punctures differ in that they are transversally elliptic to dumbbellshaped, especially in near base. Some females with body very long. Ad: Similar to that of B. pallidipennis. Parameres weakly curved ventrally, apex more slender. Internal lobe narrower and longer, more concave anteromedially. BL: 8-13.5 mm, BW: 4.5-7.5 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Philippines, China, Korea, Japan, Micronesia, Hawaii, North America. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: HB Poro-ch˘ on˘ (=NE 20 km from Kyeongseong), HN Wonsan, PB Mt. Myo- hyangsan, SK- About 600 specimens from more than 100 sites from 80 regions in the mountains, plains and islands across the entire country including Seoul (all mountains and all counties=gu). Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalini 95

SPECIMEN EXAMINED (439 specimens): [SWU] GW: 33ex (Inje, Hongcheon, Wonju, Hoengseong, Jeongseon: vi-viii.1993-1998); 1ex (Chuncheon Bangha-ri: 4.vii.2009). GS: 162ex [Is. Daecheongdo, Is. Ganghwado, Pocheon, Gapyeong, Namyangju-G, Yangpyeong, Icheon-C, Seoul (Seiryori= Cheongryang-ri and 10 st others), Gwacheon, Gwangju-G, Yong-in, Anyang, Suwon, Ansan, Incheon, Pyeongtaek: vi-ix.1933-1999]; 17ex [Seoul (Myeongryun-dong, Seongbuk-d., Samcheong-d., Sajik- d., Yangcheon-g Sinjeong-d.): vi-viii.2006-2009]; 1ex (Namyangju Hwajeob-ri: 5.vii.2009); 2ex (Su- won: 24, 30.vii.2009). CBN: 10ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Soknisan, Jincheon, Boryeong, Mt. Mansusan: vi-viii.1987-1998). GBN: 39ex (Yeongju, Mt. Seondalsan, Mt. Eoraesan, Yecheon, Mt. Biseulsan, Geochang, Gyeongju, Changnyeong, Jinju, Changwon, Busan, Ulsan: vi-viii.1987-2000); 1ex (Sangju: 5.vi.2008); 1ex (Gumi: 19.vii.2001). JBN: 8ex (Namwon, Mokpo: vii.1981, 1985). JJ: 3ex (iii-vii.1985- 1995). [NAAS] NK: 2ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: vii.1923, 1924). GW: 6ex (Chuncheon, Mt. Odaesan, Wonseong: vii-viii.1923-1987). GS: 17ex (Seoul, Suwon-C, Yong-in: iii-xi.1967-1993). CBN: 5ex (Goesan, Yesan, Seonghwan, Nonsan: vi-viii.1987-1996). GN: 15ex (Changnyeong, Masan: vi.1986- 1991). [SNU] GW: 6ex (Mt. Odaesan: vii.1974-1997). GS: 38ex (Yeoncheon, Mt. Myeongjisan, Goyang, Seoul, Gwangju, Anyang, Suwon: v-xi.1969-1997). CB: 12ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Soknisan: vi-vii.1983-1991). GN: 1ex (Sancheong: 13.vii.1995). JN: 6ex (Suncheon, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwun- san: vi-ix.1982-1995). [KU] GW: 6ex (Mt. Jeombongsan, Mt. Odaesan, Wonju: vi-viii.1985, 1993-95). GS: 13ex (Pocheon, Gapyeong, Mt. Cheonmasan, Mt. Cheongkyesan, Suwon: iv-viii.1974-1991). CN: 1ex (Yesan: 25.vi.1994). GBN: 4ex (Mt. Cheongryangsan, Mt. Juwangsan, Mt. Gayasan: vi- vii.1984-1990). JBN: 2ex (Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Duryunsan: vii.1985, vi.1993). JJ: 1ex (2.viii.1974). [EWU] GS: 21ex (Is. Nam-isum, Mt. Cheonmasan, Seoul, Incheon, Suwon: vi-x.1956-1994). CN: 1ex (Sudeoksa: 26.ix.1966). GN: 1ex (Dongnae: 16.vi.1979). [HSU] CN: 3ex (Temp. Sudeoksa: 19.viii.1997). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 368 specimens →20.iii-18.xi (iii- 1, iv- 3, v- 6, vi- 159, vii- 145, viii- 43, ix- 9ex. xi- 2 specimens). REMARKS: In Korea, the species B. pallidipennis occurred in great numbers in agricultural areas. However, since 1990 B. orientalis seems to be taking over this role, even near large cities like Seoul. This is perhaps due to competition between the two species.

Genus Anomala Samuelle, 1819: 191. Cheong-dong-pung-deng-i-sog (청동풍뎅이속)

Aprosterna Hope, 1835 (Type species: Mimela nigricans Kirby). Idiocnema Faldermann, 1835 (Type species: Idiocnema sulcipennis Faldermann). Psammoscapheus Motschulsky, 1835(Type species: Psammoscapheus dilutus Motschulsky). Heteroplia Burmeister, 1844 (Type species: Melolontha elata Fabricius). Rhinoplia Burmeister, 1844 (Type species: Melolontha dorsalis Fabricius). Nongoma Péringuey, 1902(Type species: Anomala calcarata Arrow). Chrysoplethisa Reitter, 1903 (Type species: Anomala octiescostata Burmeister). Dichomala Reitter, 1903 (Type species: Melolontha devota Rossi). Diplomala Reitter, 1903 (Type species: Anomala subvittata R.). Emphalena Reitter, 1903 (Type species: Anomala exoleta Faldermann). Euchronomala Reitter, 1903 (Type species: Euchlora albopilosa Hope). 96 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Euporochlora Reitter, 1903 (Type species: Melolontha viridis Fabricius). Euporomala Reitter, 1903 (Type species: Anomala sieversi Heyden). Hybalonomala Reitter, 1903 (Type species: Anomala bleusei Chobuat). Idiocnemina Reitter, 1903 (Type species: Anomala gracilenta Reitter). Orphnomala Reitter, 1903 (Type species: Anomala rufozonula Fairmaire). Paragematis Reitter, 1903 (Type species: Anomala melanopa Reitter). Anomalepta Casey, 1915(Type species: Anomala semilivida LeConte). Anomalopus Casey, 1915(Type species: Anomala rhizotrogoides Blanchard). Hemispilota Casey, 1915(Type species: Anomala lucicola Fabricius). Lamoana Casey, 1915(Type species: Anomala villosella Blanchard). Paranomala Casey, 1915(Type species: Melolontha binotata Gyllenhal). Rhombonalia Casey, 1915(Type species: Anomala cavifrons LeConte). Iliola Seminov and Medvedev in Medvedev, 1949(Type species: Iliola pallens Semenov).

The genus Anomala is characterized by dorsal side green in most species but with great color variation in some taxa, without setae, sternal process absent, without elytral striae. Abdominal sternites with median setal rows, protarsomeres 2-4 slightly longer than width. Adults feed primarily on flowers, and larvae feed primarily on plant roots. This genus is the largest in Anomalina with more 1,000 species worldwide. About 800 species are distributed in the Old World (Jameson et al., 2003). In Korea, 46 specific or subspecific names have been recorded in three genera containing many infraspecific names (many by early authors who primarily used body color to delimit species). Of the 46 names, 7 species belong to other genera, and another seven species were based on errors of synonymy or misidentification. Type species: Melolontha frischii Fabricius, 1775.

SPECIES more 1,000. 225 in the Palaearctic Region (Loebl and Smetana, 2006) (13 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide. KEY REFERENCE: Reitter (1903), Ohaus (1915a, 1915b), Kim (1997a, 1998a, 1998b, 2001a, b).

Key to the species of genus Anomala

(LPMB=Length ratio of paramere: median piece: basal piece of male aedeagus) 1. Abdominal pleurites with longitudinal carina covered with long, dense setae ·······················2 - Abdominal pleurites without longitudinal carina···································································6 2. Body less than 14 mm long. Pronotum ventral sides and pygidium covered with long, dense pubescence. Dorsal side weakly shiny, green to blackish green, rarely blackish red to reddish brown. Ad: Short, flat. Apex of parameres round with wide, long, sharp subapical tooth. LPMB=1:1.04:1.3········································································································A. sieversi - Body more than 17 mm in length, without pubescence. Ad: Short, with simple parameres····3 3. Body convex, oval, dorsal surface green (but sometimes red), ventral surface coppery red or green. Elytra with carinal lateral ridges slender, extending to apical angles; with lateral mem- branes large, reddish brown, appearing from metepimeron. Ad: Parameres thick, short, with dorsal side distinctly emarginate, narrow at median part, with ventral side flat, short, apex sharp and hook-like. LPMB=1:1.1:1.3 ····································································A. albopilosa - Body high, elongate oval. Elytra with carinal lateral ridges not extended, with yellow to greyish brown lateral membranes large, appearing from 2nd abdominal tergite·································4 Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalini 97

4. Dorsal surface bright or deep green, ventral side and legs coppery brown to red. Basal margin of propygidium with scattered setae. Ad: Parameres similar to A. albopilosa, but with shallow dorsal emargination, slightly sharp hook-like apex similar to A. mongolica. LPMB=1:1.3:1.2 ····· ··································································································································A. japonica - Dorsal surface dark blackish green to coppery black, ventral surface and legs coppery green, frequently completely coppery red·························································································5 5. Dorsal surface dark blackish green, most specimens with shiny red to coppery coloration, ventral surface and legs coppery green. Ad: Parameres without dorsal emargination, but median piece with emarginated dorsal side. LPMB=1:1.1:1.13······························A. mongolica - Body coppery black to coppery red. Propygidium with dense setae. Ad: similar to A. mongolica, but larger, with angled internal lobe. LPMB=1:1.1:1.0 ················································A. cuprea 6. Abdominal pleurites with longitudinal carina from segment 1-3 or 1-4 ································7 - Abdominal pleurites without longitudinal carina·································································10 7. Abdominal pleurites with 4 longitudinal carina. Dorsal side yellowish brown with green lustre. Elytra with carinal ridges slender, extended to apical angles·································A. geniculata - Abdominal pleurites with 3 longitudinal carina. Dorsal side green in most, but can be variable with specimens sometimes greenish to bluish violet·······························································8 8. Dorsal surface with variable coloration of weakly lustrous green, yellowish green, coppery brown, brown, blackish violet. Prosternum with large, elliptic, dense punctures. Elytra with marginal ridges distinct, extended to 2/3rd length of elytra. Ad: Parameres with very large basal part, strongly tapered ventrally towards apex, apex axe-shaped, blade-like. LPMB= 1:0.6:0.9················································································································A. chamaeleon - Body shiny, dorsal surface with punctures small, nearly round, not dense ·····························9 9. Body longer than 12 mm, completely green to greenish brown, strongly shiny. Elytra with costal ridges more than 2/3rd length of elytra. Ad: Parameres with large basal part, narrowed towards apex, apex sharp, sloped, with twisted wire-shaped structure. LPMB=1:0.95:1.05 ···A. rufocuprea - Body shorter than 13 mm, dorsal surface shiny with variable coloration of green, yellowish brown or coppery violet. Elytra with costal ridges slender but extending to apical angles. Ad: Very small. Parameres short, thick, triangular, with apex weakly curved inwardly ·····A. koreana 10. Elytra with costal ridges terminating medially. Body long, oval, with lustre; dorsal surface greenish brown but can have great variation of green, coppery green, greenish violet, blackish violet; ventral surface black to coppery black········································································11 - Elytra with costal ridges extending 2/3rd length of elytra. Body large, elliptic, weakly shiny; color pale green on dorsal surface, pale brownish yellow pronotal and elytral margins, and ventral surface······················································································································12 11. Clypeus with near straight lateral sides. Scutellum long, triangular, tongue-shaped. Protarsi with internal claw narrowly divided. Ad: Parameres with rounded apex; with pairs of sharp, asymmetrical teeth. LPMB=1:1.1:1.2·······································································A. luculenta - Clypeus enlarged, weakly rounded. Scutellum with weakly narrowed basally. Protarsi with internal claw broadly divided. Ad: Parameres with twisted, laterally enlarged apex ················ ·································································································································A. ogloblini 12. Elytra with costal ridges extended to apical margins of elytra. Pronotum with small, dense punctures. Ad: Parameres with large apex, apex with asymmetrical internal tooth. LPMB= 1:1.2:1.4·················································································································A. corpulenta - Elytra with costal ridges extended to 2/3rd length of elytra. Pronotal punctures transversally 98 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

long, dense. Ad: Parameres narrowed to apex, apex highly asymmetrical, with carina-like dorsal side ·························································································································A. ignicolor

39. Anomala sieversi Heyden, 1887 (Pls. 4-36, 12-36, 18-36) Dae-ma-do-jul-pung-deng-i (대마도줄풍뎅이)

Anomala sieversi Heyden, 1887: 266; Bates, 1888: 374; Lewis, 1895: 401; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 92; Okamoto, 1924: 175; Kamijo, 1932: 21; Masaki, 1936: 260; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 93; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 40; Cho, 1957: 292; 1963: 219; 1969: 678 (Dae-ma-do-jul-P-D-I); Cho et al., 1968: 264; Kim and Kim, 1972a: 84; 1974a: 229; 1975: 245; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 156; 1982b: 276; 1984b: 328; 1985: 105; Kim, 1978: 352; Yoon and Nam, 1979: 149; Yoon et al., 1990b: 111; Stebnicka, 1980: 276; Kim, 1981: 344; 1998a: 303; 2001b: 113; Kim et al., 1987c: 506; 1991d: 193; 1991e: 179; 1997: 231; 2000: 132; 2001: 132; 2006: 37; Park et al., 1993: 178; Park and Kim, 1993: 113; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 152. Anomala (Euporomala) sieversi: Reitter, 1903: 63. Phyllopertha sieversi: Sawada, 1941: 55-56. Anomala sieversi atrocoerulea Reitter, 1902: 63 (Corea); Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 40; Cho, 1957: 292. Anomala sieversi subpurpurea Reitter, 1902: 63 (Corea); Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 40; Cho, 1957: 292. Anomala octocostata Motschulsky, 1860: 14(Japan); Heyden, 1887: 252; Okamoto, 1924: 175; Yoshino, 1935a: 14. Anomala (Chrysoplethisa) octocostata: Reitter, 1903: 57. Anomala octiescostata Burmeister, 1844: 243 (Phyllopertha; Japan): Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 91; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 38; Cho, 1957: 220; 1963: 219; Cho et al., 1968: 264; Ku, 1963: 27; Stebnicka, 1980: 209. Phyllopertha octiescostata: Sawada, 1941: 55 and 56. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: A. sieversi=Dae-ma-jul-P-D-I (Cho, 1963; Cho et al., 1968); Dae-ma-do-P- D-I (Kim, 1978 and 4 others); A. octiescostata=Heuin-teol-nok-saeg-P-D-I (Cho, 1963; Cho et al., 1968), Pal-maeg-P-D- (deong)-I (Gu, 1963, and 3 others). TYPE LOCALITY: Korea (Wonsan, Busan).

Body with dorsal surface weakly shiny, green to deep green, about 12% of specimens with reddish brown to blackish red coloration, covered with long, dense pubescence on pronotum, ventral sides, pygidium. Clypeus with anterior margin rounded, weakly reflexed. Head, clypeus, pronotum with rough, dense punctures. Elytra with 2 or 3 large, longitudinal costae. Ad: Short, flat. Para- meres with round apex, ventral end enlarged, long canine tooth-shaped. Internal lobe consisting of 2 large lumps. LPMB=1:1.04:1.3. BL: 11-14 mm, BW: 6.5-8.5 mm. LARVAE: Zhang 1984: 54.

DISTRIBUTION: Northern China, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HN Wonsan, PN Sun-an, Seokam, Gangseo Daeseong-ri, Suncheon Zamo- ri, PY Yongseong, Samseok Seongmun-ri, GW Chˇ onne,˘ GG Gaeseong Bakyeon waterfall, SK- About 2,000 specimens from more than 150 sites from 120 regions in the mountains, plains and islands Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalini 99 across the entire country including Seoul (about 50 sites). SPECIMEN EXAMINED (1,175 specimens): [SWU] GW: 16ex (Hoengseong, Chuncheon: iv-vi.1984- 1986). GS: 129ex (all provinces and Is. Cheongrado, Mt. Soyosan, Seoul 9 st: iv-x.1941-1997). CBN: 60ex (Jungwon, Cheongwon, Mt. Gayeobsan, Okcheon, Yeongdong, Dangjin, Cheonan, Jochiwon, Gongju, Buyeo, Mt. Chilgabsan, Daejeon, Geumsan: iv-vi.1958-1997). GB: 2ex (Temp. Jikjisa, Andong: v, vii.1987, 1988). JBN: 5ex (Gochang, Mt. Naejangsan, Yeongkwang, Mt. Jogyesan: v-vii.1985-1993). JJ: 8ex (iv-v.1983-1997). [NAAS] GW: 1ex (Chunseong: v.1980). GS: 96ex(Yeon- cheon, Gwangneung, Yeoju, Siheung, Suwon, Anseong, Pyeongtaek: iv-viii.1922-1990). JJ: 3ex (v, x.1992, 1996). [SNU] GW: 1ex (Chuncheon: 12.ix.1983). GS: 101ex (Mt. Soyosan, , Mt. Myeongjisan, Gwangneung, Cheongpyeong, Mt. Yongmunsan, Siheung, Anyang, Suwon, Yong-in, Anseong, Gwangju: iv-x.1935-1994). CB: 6ex (Cheongju: v-vi.1958-1963). GB: 1ex (Wolseong: 5.vi.1987). JBN: 13ex (Iri, Imsil, Mt. Chilbosan, Mt. Jirisan: iv-vii.1958-1997). JJ: 4ex (14.v-vii.1965- 1992). [KU] GW: 9ex (Hongcheon, Myeongju, Hwacheon, Gangchon, Mt. Chiaksan: v-vi.1970- 1992). GS: 344ex (Mt. Soyosan, Gapyeong-G, Namyangju-G, Mt. Yongmunsan, Goyang, Seoul [9 st], Hanam, Incheon, Pyeongtaek: iv-xi.1934-1993). CBN: 7ex (Chungju, Jecheon, Mt. Wolaksan, Onyang, Daejeon, Mt. Gyeryongsan: v.1974-1987). GB: 1ex (Mt. Juwangsan: vi.1989). JBN: 8ex (Muju, Mt. Deokyusan, Gwangyang: iv-vi.1972-1991). JJ: 5ex (v.1963-1978). [EWU] GW: 2ex (Mt. Seolaksan, Gangchon: vi.1974, 1987). GS: 334ex (Yangju-G, Goyang-G, Gapyeong-G, Seoul-C, Mt. Yongmunsan, Gwangju, Suwon, Siheung, Is. Ganghwado: iv-ix.1958-1988). CBN: 2ex (Geumgang, Cheongju: vi.1993, 1970). GBN: 1ex (Mt. Dodeoksan: 5.vi.1983); 2ex (Busan, Namhae: iv, vi.1966, 1969). JN: 3ex (Mt. Daedunsan, Yeosu: v.1978-1985). JJ: 11ex (v.1965-1988). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 752 specimens →10.iv-12.xi (iv- 132, v- 455, vi- 137, vii- 6, viii- 7, ix- 7, x- 6, xi- 2 specimens). BIOLOGY: Saito, 1928: 13; 1931: 473; Nakayama and Okamoto, 1940: 198.

40. Anomala albopilosa Hope, 1839 (Pls. 4-37, 12-37, 18-37) Cheong-dong-pung-deng-i (청동풍뎅이)

Anomala albopilosa Hope, 1839: 70: Okamoto, 1924: 176; Doi, 1935: 3; Yoshino, 1935: 14; Kamijo, 1936: 86; Mochizuki, 1936: 210; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 90; Masaki, 1936: 260; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 41; Cho, 1947: 65 (Cheong-dong-P-D-I), 1955: 207; 1957: 293; 1963: 219; 1965: 196; 1969: 676; Cho et al., 1968: 265; Won and Choi, 1968: 379; Hyun and Woo, 1969: 192; Shin and Noh, 1970: 37; 1977: 88; Gu, 1973: 79; Kim and Kim, 1975: 244; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 156; Kim, 1978: 348; Yoon and Nam, 1978: 83; 1979: 149; 1986: 160; Yoon et al., 1990a: 140; Stebnicka, 1980: 209; Lee and Kwon, 1981: 154; Kim and Chang, 1982a: 145; 1982b: 173; 1983: 166; 1984: 169; Kim and Lee, 1989: 176; 1991b: 68; Kim et al., 2006: 36; Lee and Ko, 1988: 211; Park et al., 1993: 178; Kim, 1994: 214; 1998a: 303; 2001b: 114; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 152. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Cheong-P-D-I (Cho, 1965; Gu, 1973).

Body convex, oval, dorsal surface green or sometimes reddish green, ventral surface coppery red or green. Clypeus semicircular, reflexed margins, with anterior margin weakly concave medially, covered with small, rough, dense punctures. Frontal punctures larger that those on clypeus, rough, scattered. Pronotum with anterior corner strongly protruding forming acute angles, covered with 100 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti very small, oval, dense punctures. Elytra with each lateral ridge of costal slender, extending to apical angles; outer carina short; lateral membranes reddish brown, large, starting at metepimeron; with striae formed by small, dense, punctures in rows, other punctures very large, round, scattered. Ad: Parameres thick, short, with dorsal side shallowly emarginate medially; ventral side flat, short, sharp and hook-shaped apically. Internal lobe enlarged very slender and short. LPMB= 1:1.1:1.3. BL: 18-25 mm, BW: 9-13 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo, Is. Ulleungdo. KOREAN RECORDS: YG Hyesan Sinheung-ri, HN Bujeonryeong, HN Mt. Jeongbangsan, GW Mt. Geumgangsan, SK- About 1,000 specimens from about 70 regions in the mountains and plains of the mainland and Jejudo, and more 20 islands including Is. Ulleungdo. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (832ex): [SWU] GW: 2ex (Chuncheon, Hongcheon: vii, viii.1990, 1997). GS: 7ex (Iss. in Ongjin-G, Paju, Seoul, Anyang: vii-ix.1981-1996). CN: 5ex (Seosan, Cheonan: vii-viii. 1981-1993). GBN: 4ex (Yangsan: 25.vii.1922); 15ex (Uljin, Daegu, Goryeong, Changwon, Masan, Busan, Is. Geojedo: vii-viii.1964-1998). JBN: 116ex (Jinju, Buan, Mt. Naejangsan, Wanju, Yeong- gwang, Muan, Naju, Yeocheon, Iss. Wando, Iss. Jindo: vii-viii.1982-1998); 1ex (Is. Chilbaldo: 21.vii. 2002, K.D. Han); 1ex (Mt. Duryunsan Haenam: 9.viii.2008). JJ: 67ex (vi-viii.1972-1999); 2ex (Is. Gageodo Sinan: 16.viii.2009); [NAAS] NK: 1ex (Hyesan Shinheung-ri: 25.vii.1924). CN: 65ex (Is. Anmyeondo, Seosan, Nonsan: vii-viii.1991-1996). GBN: 6ex (Yecheon, Changnyeong, Namhae: v-viii.1991-1997). JBN: 61ex (Jeong-eub, Muan, Naju, Haenam, Boseong, Goheung, Gwangyang, Mt. Jirisan, Is. Heuksando: vi-xi.1924-1993). JJ: 158ex (vi-ix.1922-1993). [SNU] GS: 10ex (Pocheon, Gwangneung, Seoul, Suwon-C, Gwangju: vi-ix.1960-1996). CN: 1ex (Geumsan: 29.vi.1994). GB: 2ex (Pohang: viii.1996). JBN: 1ex (Is. Seonyudo: 20.viii.1996); 23ex (Mt. Jirisan: vi-viii.1959-1997). JJ: 47ex (vii-viii.1965-1997). [KU] GW: 2ex (Goseong: vii.1964, 1979). GS: 1ex (Mt. Soyosan: 2.viii. 1934). CN: 7ex (Mt. Gyeryongsan: vii-ix.1973-1979). GBN: 2ex (Is. Ulleungdo: viii.1928); 6ex (Tong- yeong: vii.1978). JN-JJ: 173ex (Mt. Baekwunsan, Sinan-G, Is. Chujado: v-viii.1959-1991). [EWU] GS: 17ex (Gapyeong, Seoul, Suwon, Anyang, Iss. Deogjeokdo: vii-x.1955-1972). CN: 1ex (Gongju: 10.viii.1973). GBN: 5ex (Pohang, Is. Geojedo: vi-viii.1964-1970). JBN: 17ex (Muju, Mt. Yudalsan, Mt. Jirisan, Is. Geomundo, Is. Cheongsando, Is. Bogildo, Is. Heuksando: vii-viii.1967-1978). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 707 specimens →9.vi-5.x (vi- 30, vii- 498, viii- 157, ix- 20, x- 2 specimens). BIOLOGY: Kamijo, 1936: 86; Nakayama et al., 1940: 197; Gu, 1973: 79.

41. Anomala japonica Arrow, 1913 (Pls. 4-38, 13-38, 18-38) Hae-byeon-cheong-dong-pung-deng-i (해변청동풍뎅이)

Anomala japonica Arrow, 1913: 401: Kobayashi, 1985: 403; Kim, 1998a: 304(Hae-byeon-cheong-dong- P-D-I); 2001b: 115. TYPE LOCALITY: Korea Kangwho (=? Is. Ganghwado).

Body similar to A. mongolica, but with many characters of A. albopilosa. Dorsal surface bright to deep green, ventral surface and legs coppery brown to red. Clypeus with reflexed margins, with Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalini 101 weakly enlarged anterior margin, covered with rough punctures. Pronotal punctures transversally elliptic. Elytra with each lateral ridge of carina not extending beyond 2nd abdominal tergite; with yellow to greyish brown lateral membranes large, starting at 2nd abdominal tergite; covered with semicircular punctures, punctures dense, mixed large and small, with wrinkle-like form. Propygi- dial basal margin with scattered setae. Ad: Parameres similar to A. albopilosa, but with shallow dorsal emargination, apex weakly hook-sharped as in A. mongolica. LPMB=1:1.3:1.2. BL: 20-26 mm. BW: 11.5-15 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Ussuri, Korea, Japan. KOREA: Central, South, Jejudo, Is. Ulreungdo. KOREAN RECORDS: SK- GW Yangyang, Temp. Naksansa, Jumunjin, Gangneung, Samcheok, Mt. Chiaksan, Gangchon, GS Is. Baeknyeongdo, Is. Daecheongdo, Incheon, Iss. Deogjeokdo, Is. Baek- ado, Is. Wuldo, Gapyeong, Gwangneung, Seoul, Seongnam, CN Bi-in, Mallipo, Taean, GBN Is. Ulleungdo, Is. Namhaedo, Pohang, Changryeong, JBN Byunsan Peninsula, Buan, Yeongkwang, Muan, Is. Seonyudo, Is. Anmado, Is. Nakwoldo, Is. Imjado, Is. Wando-G, Is. Bulmokdo, Is. Bogildo, Is. Cheongsando, Is. Heuksando, JJ- Jejudo. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (130 specimens): [SWU] GW: 2ex (Samcheok: vi,viii.1984,1985). GS: 18ex (Is. Baeknyeongdo, Is. Daecheongdo, Iss. Deogjeok-gundo, Is. Seonkapdo, Is. Baek-ado: vi-viii.1977- 1990); 1ex (Is. Daecheongdo: 3.vii.2007). CN: 2ex (Taean: viii.1987, 1993). GBN: 1ex (Is. Namhaedo: 15.vii.1981). JBN: 12ex (Buan, Yeong-gwang, Muan, Is. Wando: vi-viii.1982-1997); 1ex (Gwangyang: 31.vii.2002). JJ: 1ex (8.viii.1989). [NAAS] JN: 2ex (Is. Heuksando: 26.viii.1975). [SNU] GS: 1ex (Gwangneung: 5.viii.1995). GN: 1ex (Changnyeong: 24.viii.1988). JB: 1ex (Is. Seonyudo: 20.viii.1995). [KU] GW: 1ex (Gangneung: 10.viii.1974). GB: 3ex (Is. Ulleungdo: viii.1928, 1971). JJ: 1ex (17.vii.1990). [EWU] GW: 23ex (Yangyang, Temp. Naksansa, Jumunjin, Gangchon, Mt. Chiaksan: vii-viii.1970- 1994). GS: 9ex (Gapyeong, Seoul, Seongnam, Is. Uldo, Is. Deokjeokdo: vii-ix.1955-1971). CN: 25ex (Bi-in, Mallipo: vii-viii.1966-1971). GB: 22ex (Pohang: vii.1968-1976). JN: 3ex (Is. Bogildo, Is. Cheongsando, Is. Wando: vii.1960-1981). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 126 specimens →12.vi-21.x (vi- 7, vii- 92, viii- 25, x- 4 speci- mens). REMARKS: In my opinion, Euchlora cuprea Hope var. viridana recorded by Kolbe (1886) and Anomala mongolica recorded by Ohaus (1915b) are erroneous records based on misidentifications of this species.

42. Anomala mongolica (Faldermann, 1835) (Pls. 5-39, 13-39, 18-39) Mong-go-cheong-dong-pung-deng-i (몽고청동풍뎅이)

Euchlora mongolica Faldermann, 1835: 379. Anomala mongolica: Bates, 1888: 374; Stebnicka, 1980: 209; Kim et al., 1991b: 68; 1991d: 193; 1991e: 179; 1992b: 154; 1994b: 111; 1996a: 59; 1996b: 128; 1997: 231; 2000: 132; 2002: 120; 2003: 126; 2004: 117; Kim, 1992: 106; 1993: 65; 1995a: 165; 1996c: 174; 1998a: 304; 2001b: 116; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 152 (Mong-Go-Cheong-Dong-P-D-I). OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Mong-go-cheong-jul-P-D-I (Kim and Park, 1991d; Kim, 2001).

Body with dorsal surface dark blackish green to coppery black, shiny, generally with red to 102 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti coppery lustre, ventral side copper to blackish red, legs coppery green. Clypeus large, round, with weakly reflexed margins, anterior margin nearly straight. Punctures of head, pronotum, elytra fine, dense (similar to A. japonica). Elytra with each lateral ridge of carina similar to those of A. japonica. Ad: Parameres without dorsal emargination, median piece emarginate on dorsal side medioapically. Internal lobe large, round. LPMB=1:1.1:1.13. BL: 17-22 mm. BW: 9.7-12.5 mm. LARVAE: Medvedev, 1952: 60; Zhang, 1984: 52; Liu et al., 1997: 38.

DISTRIBUTION: Mongolia, northern China, eastern Siberia, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo, Is. Ulleungdo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Kyeongseong, YG Hyesan Sinheung-ri, PB Mt. Myohyangsan, PY Mt. Ryongaksan, Sagampo, WH Gaeseong, Haeju, Mt. Suyangsan, GW Mt. Geumgangsan, ? HN Mt. Baekamsan, SK- More than 1,000 specimens from more than 120 sites from 80 regions in the moun- tains, plains and islands across the entire country including Seoul. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (1,057 specimens): [SWU] GW: 37ex (Goseong, Mt. Seolaksan, Yangyang, Mt. Odaesan, Hwacheon, Yangku, Inje, Hongcheon, Chunseong-G, Hoengseong, Yeongwol, Yangyang, Myeongju-G: vii-viii.1976-1999); 1ex (Chuncheon Bangha-ri: 20.vii.2009). GS: 76ex (Ongjin-G, Paju, Yeoncheon-G, Pocheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Goyang-G, Yangju-G, Namyangju-G, Gwangju-G, Seoul 8 st, Yangpyeong, Icheon, Giheung, Suwon, Anseong: vi-x.1920-1998). CBN: 19ex (Jecheon, Chungju, Mt. Wolaksan, Jincheon, Cheongwon-G, Boeun, Okcheon, Yeongdong, Seosan, Gongju, Jochiwon, Daejeon: v-viii.1964-2003). GBN: 81ex (Uljin, Mt. Baekamsan, Yeongdeok, Bonghwa, Yeongpung, Yecheon, Munkyeong, Sangju, Daegu, Gyeongju: vi-viii.1978-1998). JBN: 5ex (Muju, Mt. Naejangsan, Gurye, Yeong-am, Haenam: vi-ix.1986-1995); 1ex (Gwangyang: 11.viii.1993); JJ- 2ex (vii.1990, 1991). [NAAS] NK: 2ex (Mt. Baekamsan: vii, viii.1921, 1922). GW: 12ex (Gimhwa, Inje, Hongcheon, Pyeongchang, Hoengseong, Samcheok: vi-ix.1987-1994). GS: 67ex (Pocheon, Suwon- C: vi-viii.1921-1996). CBN: 17ex (Goesan, Jincheon, Is. Anmyeondo, Seocheon: vi-viii.1974-1997). GBN: 459ex (Bonghwa, Yecheon, Janggal: vi-ix.1988-1993); 1ex (Hadong: vi.1991). JBN: 27ex (Buan, Mt. Baekyangsan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Goheung, Haenam, Is. Heuksando: vi-viii.1922-1992). JJ: 2ex (v ,ix.1974, 1988). [SNU] GW: 1ex (Mt. Seolaksan: 7.viii.1957); 3ex (vi, vii.1997). GS: 5ex (Gwang- neung, Suwon, Anyang: vii-ix.1964-1997). CN: 1ex (Daejeon: 28.viii.1997). GB: 2ex (Is. Ulleungdo: vii.1997). JBN: 18ex (Jinan, Gochang, Namwon, Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Jirisan: v-viii.1976-1997). [KU] NK: 2ex (Gyeongseong: 6.viii.1933); 1ex (Hyesan Sinheung: 27.vii.1933). GW: 7ex (Sokcho, Gangchon, Hongcheon, Mt. Chiaksan: vii-ix.1931-1984). GS: 23ex (Mt. Soyosan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Gapyeong-G, Euijeongbu, Namyangju-G, Seoul-C, Yong-in: vi-viii.1922-1989). CBN: 5ex (Yeong- dong, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Mt. Chilgabsan: vii-viii.1973-1982). GB: 2ex (Bonghwa, Mt. Juwangsan: vi, vii.1984, 1996). JB: 1ex (Jinan: 23.vi.1973). [EWU] GW: 3ex (Hwacheon, Yangyang: vii, viii.1967, 1994). GS: 98ex (Pocheon, Gapyeong, Yangju, Gimpo, Seoul, Suwon, Anyang, Gwangju: iv-x.1954- 1993). CN: 2ex (Mt. Gyeryongsan, Cheongyang: vii, viii.1969, 1973). GBN: 5ex (Gyeongju, Yeong- cheon, Temp. Pyochungsa. Namhae, Busan: vii, viii.1961-1966, 1986). JN: 4ex (Jangsu, Mt. Jirisan: vii-viii.1959-1967). [HSU] CN: 1ex (Mt. Gayasan: 23.vi.1997). [HNHM - NK] PB: 4ex (Mt. Myo- hyangsan: 13, 14.vii.1982); 10ex (8-12.viii.1991). PY: 1ex (Mt. Ryongaksan: 10.vii.1982). GW: 4ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: 4-6.viii.1975); 23ex (9-11.vii.1977); 12ex (22, 23.vii.1982); 2ex (1.viii.1991). WN: 5ex (Mt. Suyangsan Haeju: 31.vii.1982); 1ex (Haeju: 29.viii.1989). GG: 2ex (Gaeseong: 29.vii.1982). MONTHLY COLLECTION: All Korean 942 specimens →12.v-9.ix (v- 8, vi- 82, vii- 692, viii- 140, ix- 19, x- 1 specimen). BIOLOGY: Liu et al., 1997: 38 (in China). REMARKS: Morphological characters of this species are similar to A. albopilosa and A. japonica, but Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalini 103 differ in the deep body color. Anomala mongolica occurs mainly inland, as opposed to A. japonica, which is found more near the coastal and island regions. Many early records of A. viridana are based on misidentifications of A. mongolica.

43. Anomala geniculata (Motschulsky, 1866) Ae-but-na-mu-pung-deng-i (애벗나무풍뎅이)

Rhinoplia geniculata Motschulsky, 1866: 171. Anomala geniculata: Murayama, 1935: 5; KSPP, 1972: 206; Gu, 1973: 79 (Ae-but-na-mu-P-D-I); Stebnicka, 1980: 209; Kim, 1998a: 304; 2001a: 118. Anomala pleurimago Reitter, 1903: 72 (Korea), (synonymy by Nomura 1960); Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 97; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 38; Cho, 1957: 120; KZS, 1968: 135; Stebnicka, 1980: 209. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: But-na-mu-ae-P-D-I (KSPP, 1972); A. pleurimago=Ae-no-rang-P-D-I (KZS, 1968). TYPE LOCALITY: Anomala geniculata →Russia. Anomala pleurimago →Kiushiu (Japan).

Very small species of Korean Anomala. Dorsal side yellowish brown with green lustre. Elytra with costal ridges slender, but extended to apical angles. Abdominal pleurites with 4 longitudinal carina. BL: 11-16 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: China, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North Korea ?. KOREAN RECORDS: Korea (refer to Kim, 2001a). SPECIMEN EXAMINED: 1♀(Korea: 1893, Reitter; kept in HNHM, labeled to A. pleurimago). REMARKS: The Korean distributional records based on Reitter’s labels are doubtful (refer to the Remarks section of Mimela costata).

44. Anomala chamaeleon Fairmaire, 1887 (Pls. 5-40, 13-40, 19-40) Ka-mel-le-on-jul-pung-deng-i (카메레온줄풍뎅이)

Anomala chamaeleon Fairmaire, 1887: 317: Heyden, 1889: 662; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 114; 1927: 38; Maruta, 1929: 369; Haku, 1937: 121; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 34; Cho, 1957: 291, 1969: 676 (Ka- mel-le-on-jul-P-D-I); KZS, 1968: 134; Kim and Kim, 1974a: 229; 1974b: 108; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 156; 1982b: 276; 1984a: 103; 1984b: 328; Kim, 1978: 349; Yoon and Nam, 1979: 149; 1986: 160; Yoon et al., 1990b: 111; Stebnicka, 1980: 209; Nam and Kim, 1983: 128; Kim et al., 1984: 169; 1991b: 68; 1991c: 154; 1991d: 193; 1991e: 179; 1994b: 111; 1996a: 59; 1996b: 128; 1997: 231; 1998: 170; 1999: 130; 2000: 132; 2001: 132; 2002: 120; 2003: 126; Park and Kim, 1993: 113; Kim, 1992: 106; 1993: 65; 1995b: 140; 1996c: 174; 1997: 231; 1998a: 305; 2001b: 118; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 152; Lie et al., 1997: 41. Anomala dubia Ballion, 1870: 344: Bates, 1888: 374; Kim, 1998a: 305. Anomala geniculata (Motschulsky, 1866)(misidentified): Kim and Nam, 1981: 125. 104 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

TYPE LOCALITY: N. China.

Body weakly shiny; dorsal side green to yellowish green, but with great variation from coppery brown, brown, to blackish violet. Clypeus narrower than frons, large, rounded, reflexed. Pronotal punctures large, elliptic, dense. Elytra with marginal ridges distinct, extended to 2/3 length of elytra, with several longitudinal carina and longitudinal rows of punctures, punctures large, irre- gular, nearly semicircular transversally. Rows of punctures frequently indistinct between striae and interstices. Abdominal pleurites with 3 longitudinal carina. Ad: Parameres with very large basal part, strongly tapered ventrally towards apex; apex blade-like, axe-shaped, with tongue-like internal lobe. LPMB=1:0.6:0.9. BL: 12-17 mm. BW: 7-13 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Mongolia, northern China, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Musan, Mt. Kwanmobong, YG Hyesanjin, Huchang, Ganggye, Mt. Zedongsan, HN Sambang Handae-ri, Hamheung, Anbyun Mt. Baekamsan, Temp. Seokwangsa, PB Suncheon, Shineuiju, Yeongwon, Mt. Myohyangsan, PY Mt. Zamosan, Pyeongyang, Mt. Moranbong, Mt. Ryongaksan, Yongseong, PN Yangdeok, WB- Sariwon, WN Haeju Mt. Suyangsan, GW Mt. Naegeumgang, Mt. Geumgangsan, GG Gaeseong, ?- Soktan, Tschonbonsan, Kuson, Nyompyang, Kekki, SK- About 5,000 specimens from about 160 sites from 120 regions in the mountains, plains and islands across the entire country including Seoul (5 sites). SPECIMEN EXAMINED (3,941 specimens): [SWU] GW: 175ex (Goseong, Mt. Seolaksan, Yangyang-G, Mt. Odaesan, Cheolwon, Hwacheon, Chuncheon-C, Inje-G, Hongcheon, Hoengseong, Wonju, Pyeongchang, Jeongseon, Gangneung, Samcheok: vi-viii.1958-2001); 2ex (Chuncheon Bakam-ri/ Bangha-ri: 10/20.vii.2009). GS: 403ex (Is. Baeknyeongdo, Is. Ganghwado, Is. Deogjeokdo and all provinces [-gun; including 12 st. of Seoul]: iv-x.1953-1999); 1ex (Yangpyeong Okcheon: 28.vii.2000); 3ex (Is. Deokjeokdo: 23.vii.2005). CBN: 135ex (Jecheon, Jungwon, Chungju, Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Sobaeksan, Jincheon, Goesan, Cheongwon, Mt. Soknisan, Okcheon, Yeongdong, Taean, Dangjin, Seosan, Boryeong, Mt. Gwangdeoksan, Mt. Mansusan, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Mt. Chilgabsan, Daejeon: v-ix.1944-2002). GBN: 278ex (Uljin, Ulju, Munkyeong, Bonghwa, Yeongpung, Yecheon, Andong, Sangju, Yeongyang, Cheongsong, Yeongdeok, Gyeongju, Daegu, Mt. Jirisan, Euiryeong, Masan: iv-ix.1980-2000). JBN: 46ex (Wanju, Muju, Gimje, Buan, Mt. Naejangsan, Namwon, Jangsu, Piagol, Gurye, Mt. Jogyesan, Yeocheon: vi-viii.1983-1998). JJ: 13ex (viii.1955-1999). [NAAS] NK: 6ex (Mt. Baekamsan, Temp. Seokwangsa, Hyesan, Mt. Geumgangsan: vii-x.1924-1931). GW: 13ex (Gimhwa, Chunseong-gun, Hongcheon, Hoengseong, Mt. Odaesan, Daegwallyeong: vi-viii.1923-1994). GS: 551ex (Pocheon, Gwangneung, Seoul, Suwon-C, Gwangju, Yong-in, Anseong, Pyeongtaek: v- ix.1921-1996). CBN: 96ex (Jungwon, Jewon, Mt. Wolaksan, Jincheon, Is. Anmyeondo, Seonghwan, Yesan, Yuseong, Nonsan, Seocheon: vi-viii.1975-1996). GBN: 782ex (Bonghwa, Yecheon, Andong, Cheongsong: vi-ix.1980-1993); 2ex (Geochang: vii.1991). JBN: 98ex (Jinan, Muju, Gochang, Jeong- eub, Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Baekyangsan, Haenam, Is. Heuksando: vi-viii.1922-1994). JJ: 10ex (v- viii.1919-1996). [SNU] GW: 11ex (Mt. Seolaksan, Gangneung, Wonju: vii, viii.1958-1997). GS: 68ex (Is. Ganghwado, Yeoncheon, Pocheon, Gwangneung, Cheongpyeong, Seoul, Incheon, Yong-in, Gwangju, Siheung, Anyang, Suwon-C: v-x.1964-1997). CBN: 5ex (Mt. Wolaksan: vii.1983); 1ex (Geumsan: 29.vi.1994). GBN: 3ex (Pohang, Sancheong, Daegu: vii, viii.1995-1997). JBN: 169ex (Jinan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan: v-ix.1968-1997). JJ: 12ex (vii.1971); ?- 4ex (Mt. Heungjeongsan: 5.viii.1993). [KU] NK: 5ex (Mt. Naegeumgang: 16.vii.1930); 2ex (Mt. Gwanmobong: 4.viii.1933). GW: 101ex (Mt. Gachilbong, Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Odaesan, Mt. Gyebangsan, Gangchon, Hongcheon, Mt. Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalini 105

Chiaksan, Jeongseon: vi-viii.1922-1994). GS: 90ex [Is. Ganghwado, Pocheon-G, Mt. Cheonmasan, Yangpyeong-G, Seoul (6 st), Suwon, Seongnam, Yong-in: iv-ix.1933-1993]. CBN: 164ex (Mt. Soknisan, Sangchon, Mt. Gwangdeoksan, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Mt. Chilgabsan: 1957-1988). GBN: 107ex (Mt. Cheongryangsan, Mt. Juwangsan, Munkyeong, Mt. Geumosan, Mt. Gayasan, Mt. Jirisan, Habcheon, Jinju: iv-viii.1960-1990). JBN: 18ex (Mt. Naejangsan, Namwon, Mt. Jogyesan, Mt. Baegyangsan: vii-viii.1974-1979). JJ: 8ex (vii-viii.1955-1990). [EWU] GW: 30ex (Yangyang, Girin, Jinburyeong, Mt. Sogeumgang, Jumunjin, Gangneung, Mt. Chiaksan: vii-ix.1960-1994). GS: 116ex (Gapyeong-G, Yeoju, Yangpyeong, Seoul, Suwon, Anyang, Seongnam, Incheon, Ongjin-G: iv- x.1954-1998). CBN: 12ex (Cheongju, Okcheon, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Mallipo, Is. Ga-euido, Cheong- yang: vii-viii.1960-1973). GBN: 13ex (Mt. Juwangsan, Pohang, Jinju, Busan: vii-viii.1964-1975). JBN: 11ex (Muju, Iri, Jeonju, Jangsu, Gurye, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Naejangsan, Is. Wando, Is. Heuksando: vii-viii.1959-1978). JJ: 11ex (v-viii.1957-1987). [HSU] CN: 22ex (Mt. Gayasan: vi.1994-1997). [HNHM - NK] 1ex (Hyesan YG: 22.vii.1975); 4ex (Mt. Myohyangsan PB: 13, 14.vii.1982); 8ex (8- 12.viii.1991); 1ex (Pyeongyang city: 16.vii.1975). PY: 3ex (Moranbong, Mt. Ryongaksan: 8, 10.vii. 1982). GW: 4ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: 30.vii.1974); 47ex (4-8.viii.1975); 15ex (9-11.vii.1977); 9ex (22- 25.vii.1982); 19ex (1-4.viii.1991). WN: 2ex (Mt. Suyangsan Haeju: 31.vii.1982); 1ex (Haeju: 29.viii. 1989). GG: 1ex (Gaeseong: 29.vii.1982). MONTHLY COLLECTION: All Korean 1,975 specimens →2.v-23.x (v- 5, vi- 94, vii- 1,106, viii- 675, ix- 83, x- 12 specimens). BIOLOGY: Murayama, 1936: 1-6; 1938: 259-264; Gu, 1973: 78. REMARKS: This is the most common species of Korean Rutelidae, with great body color variation.

45. Anomala rufocuprea Motschulsky, 1860(Pls. 5-41, 13-41, 19-41) O-ri-na-mu-pung-deng-i (오리나무풍뎅이)

Anomala rufocuprea Motschulsky, 1860: 14: Heyden, 1887: 252; Bates, 1888: 373; Masaki, 1936: 260; Kim, 1956: 9; 1958: 98; 1960: 27; Cho et al., 1967: 198; Hyun and Woo, 1970: 80; Gu, 1973: 78; Kim et al., 1976: 102; Stebnicka, 1980: 209; Park and Park, 1987: 673; Yoon et al., 1990a: 140 (O-ri-na- mu-P-D-I); Park et al., 1993: 178; Lee et al., 1985: 418; Kim, 1998a: 305; 2001b: 120; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 152. Anomala motschulskyi Harold, 1877: 351 (Japan): Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 108; Okamoto, 1924: 176; Yoshino, 1935a; 14; Morita, 1936: 861; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 37; Kim, 1958: 91 (O-ri-na-mu- P-D-I); Cho, 1957: 291; 1963: 219; Cho et al., 1968: 264; Hyun and Woo, 1969: 192; Won and Choi, 1968: 379; Nam and Kim, 1983: 128. Anomala motschulskyi viridicuprea Ohaus, 1915: 321 (Japan): Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 108; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 37; Cho, 1957: 291. Anomala chamaeleon Fairmaire, 1877 (misidentified): Kim and Kim, 1976: 102; Kim et al., 1979: 84; 1987b: 224; 1991b: 68; Nam and Kim, 1983: 128; Yoon et al., 1990a: 140. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: A. rufocuprea=Gu-ri-P-D-I (Kim, 1960 and 2 others), Ae-cho-rog-P-D-I (Hyun and Woo, 1970), Ae-gu-ri-P-D-I (Gu, 1973). TYPE LOCALITY: Amur, Japan.

Body green to greenish brown, shiny; dorsal surface with punctures small, round; head and 106 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti pronotal punctures larger, more evenly distributed; elytral punctures moderately large, irregularly distributed. Elytra with lower striae and interstices flat, costal ridges extended to 2/3rd lngth of elytra. Abdominal pleurites with 3 longitudinal costa. Ad: Parameres with large basal part, narrow- ed apex, apex formed like a twisted wire, with long, heart-shaped inner lobe. LPMB=1:0.95:1.05. BL: 12-16 mm, BL: 7-10 mm. Sex Pheromone: Tamari et al., 1985: 359-361; Nakano et al., 1986: 254-259.

DISTRIBUTION: Sakhalin, Korea, Japan. KOREA: Central, South. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- nothing, SK- GW Mt. Seolaksan, Gojindong valley, Mt. Chiaksan, GS Is. Deogjeokdo, Seoul, Suwon, GN Mt. Jirisan, Jinyang-G, Sacheon-G, Sancheong-G, JN Mt. Wolchulsan, Sinan-G; recorded by misidentification: Is. Baeknyeongdo and Sinan-G; Others are doubt also in correctly identified. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (362 specimens): [SWU] GW: 1ex (Yangyang: 4.viii.1998). GS: 3ex (Seoul, Yong-in: vi, vii.1936, 1998). GB: 1ex (Bonghwa: 31.vi.1998). GN: 220ex (Changwon: 15.viii.1988, Yeo S.D.); 130ex (Ham-an Mt. Jangboksan: 10.viii.1988, Yeo S.D.); 1ex (Jinhae: 10.viii.1988). [SNU] GG: 1ex (Mt. Myeongjisan: 21.vi.1992); 1ex (Pocheon: 3.ix.1988). GN: 2ex (Masan: viii.1988, 1994). [EWU] GN: 1ex (Is. Gadeokdo: 17.viii.1945). BIOLOGY: Gu, 1973: 78; Kim and Kang, 1993: 415; Sandokuchi and Ouchi, 1982: 273 (at Kyushu).

46. Anomala koreana Kim, 1997 (Pls. 5-42, 13-42, 19-42) Ggo-ma-cheong-dong-jul-pung-deng-i (꼬마청동줄풍뎅이)

Anomala koreana Kim, 1997: 279; Kim, 1997: 297 (Ggo-ma-cheong-dong-jul-P-D-I); 1998a: 305; 2001b: 121. TYPE LOCALITY: Korea.

Body elliptic, oval, convex, shiny. Dorsal surface deep green but other color variations are common such as purplish green or greenish yellow; sometimes with greenish yellow only on elytra, margins of prothorax, head. Ventral surface dark to blackish brown with legs sometimes paler in color. Antennae and labial palps dark brown. Without sexual dimorphism. Head with punctures shallow, rough, scattered irregularly, larger and denser towards apical end, smaller and sparser on vertex towards basal end, clypeal suture distinct, clypeus with anterior margin elevated and nearly straight, punctures very large, shallow, dense like incomplete transverse wrinkles. Pronotum with a weak to indistinct median longitudinal groove; with punctures very small, shallow, sparsely scattered. Elytra shagreened microscopically; with strial punctures small, shallow, round, but very shallow and horseshoe-shaped apically; lateral edges wider than apical angle. Ad: Very small, simple. Parameres short, stumpy, with triangular apex slightly bent inward; internal lobe narrow, weakly tuberculated medailly. LPMB=1:0.9:1.3. BL: 10-13 mm. BW: 5.8-7 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Korea. KOREA: Central, South. KOREAN RECORDS: Same with following specimens examined. Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalini 107

SPECIMEN EXAMINED (25 specimens): [SWU] GG: 1♂(Seoul Jamsil: 20.vii.1993, E.H. Kim, holotype); 1♂3♀♀ (same, paratypes); 1♂ (Abkujeong-dong: 15.viii.1993, J.Y. Lim); 1♂ (Yeo-euido: 13.vii.1987, S.Y. Ku); 1♂1♀ (Mt. Soyosan: 9.vii.1987, K.H. Hong); 1♀ (Gapyeong Seolak: 2.vii.1981, K.H. Oh); 1 ♀ (Gwangju Ammi-ri: 9.x.1984, H.S. Kim). GW: 1♂2♀♀ (Hongcheon Gaeya-ri: 24-5.vii.1931, P.S. Cho); 1♂1♀ (Wonju Ganhyun: 13.vii.1985, E.Y. Lee). GN: 2♂♂ [Mt. Jirisan: 24.vii.1956, S.W. Park (above all paratypes)]. [KU] GS: 1ex (Seoul: 18.vii.1976). [EWU] GS: 1ex (Daeseong-ri: 16.vii.1975); 4ex (Seoul: vi-viii.1960-71). CN: 1ex (Bi-in: 24.vii.1971).

47. Anomala luculenta Erichson, 1847 (Pls. 5-43, 13-43, 19-43) Cham-o-ri-na-mu-pung-deng-i (참오리나무풍뎅이)

Anomala luculenta Erichson, 1847: 620: Ohaus, 1915b: 316; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 99; Maruta, 1929: 369; Morita, 1936: 860; Eguchi, 1932: 54; Kamijo, 1932: 22; 1936: 86; Mochizuki, 1935: 32; 1936: 211; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 90; Haku 1937: 121; Masaki, 1936: 260; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 37; Mori and Cho, 1940: 13; Cho, 1934: 75; 1947: 65; 1957: 219; 1969: 678; KZS, 1968: 135 (Cham-o-ri-na-mu-P-D-I); Kim, 1978: 349; Stebnicka, 1980: 277 (identification doubtful); Kim et al., 1991b: 68; 1996a: 59; 1999: 130; 2000: 132; 2002: 120; 2003: 126; Kim, 1992: 106; 1993: 65; 1998a: 305; 2001b: 121; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 152; Lie et al., 1997: 41. Anomala luculenta purpurea Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 99 (Corea); Haku, 1937: 121; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 37; Cho, 1957: 219. Anomala luculenta smaragdina Ohaus, 1915: 317 (Chemulpo). Anomala daurica rufofemorata Reitter, 1903: 74 (Wonsan). Anomala lucens Ballion, 1871 (misidentified): Kim, 1981: 344; Kim et al., 1987c: 506; 1991e: 179; 1992b: 154; Yoon et al., 1990b: 111. Anomala puncticollis Harold, 1877 (misidentified): Kim and Chang, 1987a: 104. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Jin-o-ri-na-mu-P-D-I (Cho, 1947); A. lucens=Bal-geun-jul-P-D-I(Yoon et al., 1990b).

Body short, oval; dorsal surface shiny, greenish brown but other color variations are common such as partially or completely deep green, coppery brown, greenish violet, blackish violet; ventral surface black to coppery black. Clypeus largely round, with anterior margin nearly straight. Pronotum with very small, dense punctures. Scutellum long, tongue-shaped, triangular; with rough, dense punctures. Elytra with punctures distinct in striae; interstices with mixed very large, shallow, small punctures; costal ridges terminating medially. Protarsi with internal claw narrowly divided. Abdominal pleurites without longitudinal carina. Ad: Parameres with rounded apex; with pairs of sharp, asymmetrical teeth; internal lobe short, terminating in a W-shape. LPMB=1:1.1:1.2. BL: 13-17 mm. BW: 7.5-9.5 mm. LARVAE: Zhang, 1984: 52.

DISTRIBUTION: Mongolia, northern China, eastern Siberia, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo, Is. Ulleungdo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Mt. Kwanmobong, Jueul, HN Bujeon-plateau, Wonsan, PB Suncheon Mt. Zamosan, Gangseo Daeseong-ri, Mt. Myohyangsan, PN R. Sagang riverside, Sambong, Sun-an 108 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Seokam, WH Sariwon, GW Anbyun Mt. Baekamsan, Mt. Oegeumgangsan, Mt. Geumgangsan, GG Gaeseong, ?- Nyompyang, Kekki (Vekki), Kuson, Chon- Ge- Charzon Wald, SK- about 800 examples from GW- Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Odaesan, Inje, Jinburyeong, Daegwallyeong, Pyeongchang, Chuncheon-G, Gangchon, Wonju, Hongcheon, Hoengseong, Gangneung, GS- wholly mountains and islands, CBN- Chungju, Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Soknisan, Boeun, Yeongdong, Seonghwan, Gongju, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Mt. Chilgabsan, GBN- Munkyeong, Bonghwa, Daegu, Mt. Juwangsan, Mt. Baedaesan, Bulyeong valley, Mt. Gayasan, Mt. Naeyeonsan, Is. Ulleungdo, Is. Namhaedo, JBN- Gunsan, Mokpo, Mt. Naejangsan, Muju, Mt. Deokyusan, Mt. Jirisan, Namwon, Is. Heuksando, ?- Dangsan-ri, Soljeong-ri, Koshou, Shoko. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (684ex): [SWU] GW: 50ex (Inje, Pyeongchang, Mt. Odaesan, Gangneung, Chunseong-gun, Hongcheon, Hoengseong: v-ix.1962-2001). GS: 82ex (Yeoncheon-G, Gapyeong- G, Paju-G, Pocheon-G, Yangju-G, Namyangju-G, Seoul 8 st, Yangpyeong-G, Gwangju-G, Gwa- cheon, Anyang, Euiwang: iv-ix.1928-1998). CBN: 113ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Chungju, Mt. Soknisan, Bo- eun, Yeongdong, Gongju: vi-viii.1960-1996); 1ex (Jochiwon: 27.vii.2008); 2ex (Yeongdong: 4.viii. 2001). GBN: 15ex (Mt. Seondalsan, Bonghwa, Mt. Juwangsan, Mt. Baedaesan, Mt. Naeyeonsan, Is. Namhaedo: vi-viii.1979-1998). JB: 3ex (Mt. Deokyusan, Namwon: vii-viii.1983, 1997). JJ: 1ex (viii.1983). [NAAS] NK: 1ex (Mt. Baekamsan: 10.viii.1921). GW: 3ex (Pyeongchang, Chunseong- gun, Hongcheon: vi, vii.1980-1990). GS: 7ex (Gwangneung, Suwon-C: vi-viii.1922-1989). CN: 1ex (Seonghwan: 23.vii.1987). GB: 1ex (Bonghwa: 10.vii.1993). JN: 2ex (Is. Heuksando: vii.1975). [SNU] GW: 5ex (Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Odaesan, Daegwallyeong, Wonju: vii, viii.1974, 1977, 1997). GS: 53ex (Yeoncheon, Mt. Baekwunsan, Namyangju-G, Incheon, Mt. Gwanaksan, Anyang, Suwon, Gwangju: iv-ix.1968-1995). CB: 2ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Cheongju: vi, viii.1983, 1988). JBN: 1ex (Namwon: 24.vii. 1990); 9ex (Piagol: vii-viii.1973-1987). [KU] NK: 1ex (Jueul: 14.vii.1932). GW: 30ex (Hwacheon, Gachilbong, Mt. Odaesan, Hongcheon, Mt. Chiaksan: vi, vii.1927-1981). GS: 98ex [Pocheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Gimpo, Goyang-G, Yangju-G, Namyangju-G, Yangpyeong, Seoul (3 st), Seongnam: v-ix.1933-1997]. CBN: 16ex (Mt. Soknisan, Yeongdong, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Mt. Chilgabsan: vii- viii.1957-1982). GB: 54ex (Munkyeong, Mt. Gayasan, Bulyeong valley, Mt. Juwangsan, Is. Ulleungdo: vi-viii.1960-1990). JBN: 3ex (Muju, Mt. Naejangsan: viii.1970, 1974); 11ex (Mt. Jirisan: vi-viii.1961- 1986). JJ: 1ex (30.vii.1955); ?- 1ex (Koshou: 15.viii.1936); 1ex (Shoko: 6.viii.1916). [EWU] GW: 5ex (Jinburyeong, Gangchon: vi-viii.1973-1983). GS: 104ex (Gapyeong-G, Goyang-G, Seoul-C, Suwon, Siheung, Ongjin-G: iv-x.1954-1984). CBN: 2ex (Mt. Soknisan, Mt. Gyeryongsan: vii, viii.1961, 1967). GB: 3ex (Mt. Juwangsan: viii.1975). [HNHM - NK] PB: 1ex (Mt. Myohyangsan: 5.vii.1991). PN: 1ex (Sagang riverside: 5.vii.1977). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 574 specimens →18.iv-28.ix (iv- 2, v- 17, vi- 173, vii- 210, viii- 154, ix- 20 specimens). BIOLOGY: Eguchi, 1932: 54; Kamijo, 1936: 86; Liu et al., 1997: 41. REMARKS: Stebnicka (1980) illustrated a male aedeagus with collection data from North Korea, but the illustration corresponds to A. ogloblini. Therefore, her record is doubtful.

48. Anomala corpulenta Motschulsky, 1853(Pls. 5-44, 13-44, 19-44) Da-saeg-jul-pung-deng-i (다색줄풍뎅이)

Anomala corpulenta Motschulsky, 1853: 28, 47: Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 95; Okamoto, 1924: 176; Maruta, 1929: 369; Kamijo, 1932: 21; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 34; Cho, 1957: 291; 1969: 677 (Da-saeg- Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalini 109

jul-P-D-I); Kim and Kim, 1975: 244; 1977: 131; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 156; 1982b: 276; Kim, 1978: 351; Yoon and Nam, 1979: 149; 1986: 160; Yoon et al., 1990b: 111; Stebnicka, 1980: 277; Park and Park, 1986: 128; 1992: 178; Kim et al., 1991b: 68; 1991e: 179; 1994b: 111; 1996a: 59; 1997: 231; 1998: 170; 2001: 132; 2002: 120; Kim, 1992: 106; 1993: 65; 1995a: 165; 1997: 231; 1998a: 306; 2001b: 123; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 152; Lie et al., 1997: 40. Anomala gottschei Kolbe, 1886: 190 (Seoul); Reitter, 1903: 71; Okamoto, 1924: 176. Anomala geniculata Motschulsky, 1866: 171(Japan): Lewis, 1896: 334. Anomala daimiana Harold, 1877 (misidentified): Okamoto, 1924: 176; Eguchi, 1932: 56; Murayama, 1937a: 35; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 34; Cho, 1957: 119; 1963: 219; Ku, 1963: 28; 1973: 77; Won and Choi, 1968: 379; KZS, 1968: 135; KSPP, 1972: 206; Yoon and Nam, 1978: 83; 1986: 160; Kim and Nam, 1978: 134; Kim et al., 1987c: 506; 1991b: 68; 1991d: 193; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 152. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: daimiana=Beot- (Beoh)-na-mu-P-D-I (Cho, 1963 and 9 others). TYPE LOCALITY: Mongol, China.

Body very large, elliptic, weakly shiny, colored with pale greenish dorsal surface; pale brownish yellow antennae, pronotal and elytral margins, ventral surface. Clypeus with anterior margin round, widely reflexed. Pronotum with punctures small, dense. Scutellum roundly triangular in a tongue-shape; punctures small, round, dense. Elytra with punctures large, shallow, irregular; costal ridges extended to apical margins of elytra. Abdominal pleurites without longitudinal carina. Ad: Parameres with large apical section, apex with asymmetrical internal tooth. Internal lobe very short, tapered apically. LPMB=1:1.2:1.4. BL: 14-18 mm. BW: 8-10 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: China, Mongolia, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HN Wonsan, PB Mt. Myohyangsan, PY Pyeongyang, Mt. Moranbong, WN Sariwon, GW Mt. Geumgangsan, Mt. Naegeumgang, ?- Kuson, Tschonbonsan, SK- About 1,500 specimens from about 140 sites from 110 regions in the mountains, plains and islands across the entire country including Seoul (about 30 sites). SPECIMEN EXAMINED (1,033 specimens): [SWU] GW: 12ex (Yangyang, Myeongju-G, Donghae, Chuncheon-C, Wonju: v-ix.1981-1997). GS: 134ex (Is. Ganghwado, Pocheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Goyang, Paju, Yangju-G, Namyangju-G, Seoul 16 st, Yangpyeong, Gwangju-G, Yeoju-G, Icheon, Gwacheon, Anyang, Suwon: v-x.1934-1998); 2ex (Yangcheon-gu SE: 18.vi.2008). CBN: 59ex (Jecheon, Jungwon, Mt. Wolaksan, Goesan, Jincheon, Yeongdong, Asan, Mt. Gwangdeoksan, Mt. Chilgabsan, Daejeon, Mt. Sikjangsan: v-x.1981-1998). GBN: 17ex (Yeongpung, Geumreung, Gumi, Daegu, Gyeongsan, Habcheon, Changwon: vi-ix.1986-1992); 2ex (Sangju: 5.vi.2008). JBN: 6ex (Muju, Namwon, Mt. Jirisan: vii-ix.1981-1995). [NAAS] GW: 5ex (Daegwallyeong, Hoengseong, Chuncheon: vi-viii.1983-1992). GS: 314ex (Suwon-C: v-ix.1921-1997); 5ex (Goyang, Seongnam, Anseong: vi-ix.1986-1996). CBN: 29ex (Jungwon, Jincheon, Seocheon: vi-ix.1975-1991). GBN: 17ex (Bonghwa, Yecheon, Geumreung, Changnyeong, Hadong: vi, vii.1991-1993). JBN: 8ex (Boseong, Haenam, Is. Gaehwado, Is. Heuksando: vii-ix.1975-1996). JJ: 6ex (v-viii.1919-1988). [SNU] GW: 2ex (Chuncheon, Saemmal: ix.1993, viii.1996). GS: 203ex [Paju, Pocheon, Gwangneung, Cheong- pyeong, Seoul (3 st), Yangpyeong, Gwangju, Icheon, Yong-in, Gwacheon, Anyang, Suwon-C, Anseong: iv-x.1966-1997]. CBN: 5ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Soknisan, Cheongju, Mt. Gyeryongsan: vi-vii.1983-1995). JBN: 16ex (Gochang, Piagol, Mt. Baekwunsan: vi-viii.1978-1995). [KU] GW: 3ex (Hongcheon: 6.vii.1929); 1ex (Mt. Gachilbong: 21.vi.1984). GS: 53ex [Namyangju-G, Seongnam, Seoul (7 st), Mt. Yongmunsan, Suwon, Anseong, Mt. Wangbangsan, Mt. Cheongkyesan: iv-ix.1933- 110 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

1988]. CBN: 3ex (Mt. Soknisan, Mt. Chilgabsan, Mt. Gyeryongsan: vii.1957, 1979). GB: 2ex (Munk- yeong: 11.vii.1977). JB- 6ex (Muju, Mt. Naejangsan: v-vii.1983-1985). [EWU] GW: 2ex (Mt. Seolak- san, Gangchon: v, vi.1973, 1977). GS: 102ex (Pocheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Seoul, Suwon, Anyang: iii- xi.1960-1994). CBN: 4ex (Danyang, Okcheon, Onyang, Daejeon: vi-viii.1967-1982). JB: 1ex (Imsil: 4.viii.1965). [HSU] CN: 3ex (Mt. Gayasan: vi.1994-1997). [HNHM - NK] PB: 1ex (Mt. Myohyangsan: 8.viii.1991); 4ex (Pyeonyang city: 16.vii.1975); 3ex (9.vi.1991). PY: 2ex (Moranbong: 8.vii 1982); 1ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: 10.vii.1977). MONTHLY COLLECTION: 857 South Korean specimens →25.iv-24.x (iv- 2, v- 24, vi- 277, vii- 380, viii- 138, ix- 25, x- 11 specimens). BIOLOGY: Murayama, 1938: 259; Nakayama and Okamoto, 1940: 197; Kim and Kang, 1993: 415; Liu et al., 1997: 40.

49. Anomala ignicolor Reitter, 1903 Cham-jul-pung-deng-i (참줄풍뎅이)

Anomala ignicolor Reitter, 1903: 73; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 114; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 36; Cho, 1957: 119; KZS, 1968: 135 (Cham-jul-P-D-I); ESK and KSAE, 1994: 152; Kim, 1998a: 306; 2001b: 125. TYPE LOCALITY: Korea.

Small species with length less than 13 mm. Body with pale green dorsal surface, pale brownish ventral surface. Clypeus with margins reflexed, anterior margin nearly straight; punctures very large, weakly wrinkled; clypeal suture very distinct. Frons with punctures very large, distinct, dense, but irregular near longitudinal groove. Vertex with punctures very small, sparse. Pronotal punctures fine, dense, long transversally. Elytra with greenish copper suture; punctures fine, scat- tered; costal ridges extended to 2/3 length of elytra. Abdominal pleurites without longitudinal carina. One specimen observed →BL: 14.3 mm. BW: 8 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Korea proper. KOREA: North?. KOREAN RECORDS: Korea (see Reitter, 1903). SPECIMEN EXAMINED: 1♂(Korea, 1898; Reitter, deposited in HNHM). REMARKS: Distributional records from Korea based on Reitter’s labels are doubtful (refer to the Remarks section of Mimela costata).

50. Anomala ogloblini Medvedev, 1949 Bu-chi-cham-o-ri-na-mu-pung-deng-i (부치참오리나무풍뎅이)

Anomala ogloblini Medvedev, 1949: 171: Kalinina, 1989: 415; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 152; Kim, 1998a: 306 (Bu-chi-cham-o-ri-na-mu-P-D-I); 2001b: 123. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Buk-han-cho-rok-P-D-I (ESK and KSAE, 1994). Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalini 111

Similar to A. luculenta, but differ in the clypeus with rounded, enlarged anterior margin; scutellum weakly narrowed basally; protibiae with internal claw lamella-form and deeply divided; parameres with apex twisted, outer margin enlarged.

DISTRIBUTION: Northern China, eastern Siberia, Korea. KOREA: North?. KOREAN RECORDS: None. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: None. REMARKS: Stebnicka (1980) reported the species A. luculenta from North Korea with an illustration of the male aedeagus, but her illustration corresponds to that of A. ogloblini. Therefore, it is likely that she misidentified of latter species as former one, and that A. ogloblini is distributed in North Korea.

51. Anomala cuprea Hope, 1839 Gu-ri-pung-deng-i (구리풍뎅이)

Euchlora cuprea Hope, 1839: 72. Anomala cuprea: Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 34; Kim, 1956: 9; 1958: 98; Cho, 1957: 119; 1969: 677 (Gu-ri- P-D-I); Ku, 1963: 28; 1973: 77; Kim, 1978: 354; Stebnicka, 1980: 276; Kim and Kim, 1982b: 276; 1982a: 156; Kim and Park, 1991d: 193; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 152; Kim, 1998a: 304; 2001b: 117. Anomala (Euchlonomala) cuprea: Stebnicka, 1980: 276. Euchlora cuprea viridana Kolbe, 1886: 192 (Seoul). OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Keun-gu-ri-P-D-I (Ku, 1973). TYPE LOCALITY: Japan.

Similar to A. mongolica, but differs in the shorter, elliptic body; color completely coppery black to coppery red; propygidium covered with dense setae; aedeagus more convex, larger, with angled internal lobe. LPMB=1:1.1:1.0. BL: 17-25 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Northern China, eastern Siberia, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central (using references). KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HN Hamheung Deoksan-ri, Wonsan, PN Suncheon Mt. Zamosan, Sun- an Seokam, PY Pyeongyang Mt. Ryongaksan, GW Mt. Geumgangsan, SK- GW Mt. Seolaksan, GS Mt. Myeongjisan, Mt. Soyosan, Seoul, Is. Deogjeokdo. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: None. REMARKS: In my opinion, this species does not occur in Korean The records from Korea erroneous based on misidentifications of black specimens of A. mongolica. 112 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Removed Anomala Species from the Korean Fauna

1. Anomala corrugata Bates, 1866

Anomala corrugata Bates, 1866: 343: Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 114 →error in citation.

2. Anomala multistriata Motschulsky, 1861

Hetroplia multistriata Motschulsky, 1861: 7: Nakane, 1972: 427 →mislabelled as from Korea in samples from Tsushima, Japan.

3. Anomala polyanor Ohaus, 1916 Ae-jul-P-D-I (애줄풍뎅이)

Anomala polyanor Ohaus, 1916: 4: Niijiima and Kinoshita, 1927: 132; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 38; Cho, 1957: 120; KZS, 1968: 135 (Ae-jul-P-D-I) →based on misidentified Blitopertha specimens.

4. Anomala schoenfeldti Ohaus, 1915 Syen-pel-teu-P-D-I (셴펠트풍뎅이)

Anomala schoenfeldti Ohaus, 1915: 332: (including many misspellings) Murayama, 1935: 5; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 39; Cho, 1957: 120; KZS, 1968: 135 (Syen-pel-teu-P-D-I), Kim and Lee, 1991b: 68; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 152 →based on a misidentification by Murayama (1935).

5. Anomala spiloptera Burmeister, 1855

Anomala spiloptera Burmeister, 1855: 500: Stebnicka, 1980: 209 (distributional table) →Chinese species, erroneous record in the distribution table.

6. Anomala viridana Kolbe, 1886 Ae-cheong-dong-P-D-I (애청동풍뎅이)

Euchlora viridana Kolbe, 1886: 192 (Korea); Kolbe, 1886: 192; Cho, 947: 65 (Ae-cheong-dong-P-D-I); 1963: 62 (Ae-cheong-dong-P-D-I); 1969: 678 (Ae-cheom-P-D-I); KSPP, 1972: 206(Ae-cho-rok-P-D-I); and 39 other reports on the natural history and collection from about 100 regions in Korea includ- ing Seoul (at about 30 sites) →In my opinion, all reports of this species were based on misidenti- fied A. mongolica or A. japonica specimens. Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalini 113

Genus Bifurcanomala Kim, 1998b: 312. Hom-jul-pung-deng-i-sog (홈줄풍뎅이속)

This genus is characterized by the elytron with 10 deep striae and setose punctures, and male aedeagus with very complicated structures. Bifurcanomala was separated from the genus Anomala by me (Kim, 1998b). More research is needed to assign other described species to this genus. Type species: Melolontha aulax Wiedemann, 1823: 93.

SPECIES not yet investigated (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Not yet investigated. KEY REFERENCE: Kim (1998b, 2001b).

52. Bifurcanomala aulax (Wiedemann), 1923 (Pls. 5-45, 13-45, 19-45) Hom-jul-pung-deng-i (홈줄풍뎅이)

Melolontha aulax Wiedemann, 1923: 93. Anomala aulax: Stebnicka, 1980: 209; Kim 1993: 65; 1995b: 140; 1997: 231; 1998c; 357; Kim and Park, 1991d: 192; Kim and Lee, 1997a: 231; Lee et al., 1994: 147; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 152. Bifurcanomala aulax: Kim, 1998b: 312 (Hom-jul-P-D-I); 2001: 126; Kim, 2000: 132. Anomala costifera Reitter, 1895: 209 (Corea); 1903: 66; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 92; Okamoto, 1924: 175; Murayama, 1937b: 14; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 34; Cho, 1957: 291; KZS, 1968: 134; KSPP, 1972: 205; Gu, 1973: 77; Stebnicka, 1980: 209; Kim and Lee, 1991b: 68; Kim, 1992: 106; 1998b: 312; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 152. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Jung-guk-jul-P-D-I (ESK and KSAE, 1994); B. costifera=Cham-ae-jul-P-D-I (KZS, 1968), Ae-jul-P-D-I (KSPP, 1972).

Body very short, oval, dorsal surface green with weak coppery luster, with 10 deep elytral striae, elytral punctures pilose. Body shape variable from oval to cylindrical, dorsal color variations include green, blackish green to blackish copper. Ventral surface and legs greenish brown to dark brown. Clypeus with anterior margin weakly rounded, weakly reflexed. Head with punctures rough, very dense, evenly distributed. Pronotum with punctures very dense, elliptic transversally; laterally larger, sparser, more reticulate. Elytra with 10 deep striae; interstices smoothly elevated, covered with transverse, narrow crescent-shaped, pilose punctures. Ad: Symmetrical, thick, curved medially. Parameres very large, with dorsal plate widely separating upper and lower lobe; dorsal lobe short, concave transversally near apex; ventral lobe slender, long, hook-like. Median piece elongate, tongue-shaped, larger than parameral dorsal lobe, bent outward, apex shallowly branched. Inner wall of ejaculatory duct with a pairs of scleritized indentations in row near apex. BL: 11-16 mm, BW: 5.8-9 mm. LARVAE: Zhang, 1984: 49 (A. aulax).

DISTRIBUTION: China, eastern Siberia, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo, Is. Ulleungdo. 114 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

KOREAN RECORDS: NK- Soktan, Tschon-bon-san (place- ?, coll. Magyar, 1956). SK- About 800 specimens from more than 80 sites from 60 regions in the mountains, plains and islands across the entire country including Seoul (15 sites). SPECIMEN EXAMINED (781 specimens): [SWU] GW: 7ex (Cheolwon, Sokcho, Wonju, Jeongseon, Bukpyeong: vi-viii.1934, 1984-1997). GS: 117ex (Iss. Deogjeokdo, Is. Daecheongdo, Pocheon, Gapyeong, Gimpo, Paju, Namyangju-G, Seoul 6 st, Incheon, Anyang, Gwangju-G: vi-x.1972-1998); 1ex (Gunpo: 8.vi.2003). CBN: 6ex (Jecheon, Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Chilgabsan, Daejeon, Mt. Mansusan, Geumsan: v-vii.1987-1999). GBN: 19ex (Munkyeong, Mt. Biseulsan, Bulyeong, Is. Ulleungdo, Geochang, Changnyeong, Euichang: vi-vii.1976-2000). JBN: 77ex (Buan, Gochang, Mt. Wolchulsan, Mt. Jirisan, Seungju, Iss. Imjado, Wando and Geomundo: vi-vii.1984-1998). JJ: 32ex (vi-vii.1983- 1994); 1ex (10.vii.2002). [NAAS] GS: 2ex (Suwon-C: vi.1967, 1984). GB: 1ex (Yeong-il: 25.vii.1983). JN: 2ex (Is. Jindo, Is. Heuksando: vi, vii.1973, 1975). JJ: 30ex (v-viii.1974-1992). [SNU] GS: 30ex [Seoul (4 st), Ansan, Incheon, Gwangju, Anyang, Gunpo, Suwon-C: vi-ix.1955-1992]. CB: 3ex (Mt. Wolaksan: vi-xi.1983-1988). GN: 6ex (Namhae: vi-vii.1994-1997). JN: 61ex (Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Mudeungsan, Mt. Baekwunsan: vi-viii.1926-1995). JJ: 1ex (14.vii.1965). [KU] GW: 3ex (Goseong: vi.1979, 1984). GS: 137ex [Ganghwa, Pocheon, Gapyeong, Gimpo, Goyang, Namyangju-G, Gwangju- G, Yangpyeong-G, Seoul (6 st), Mt. Surisan: iv-ix.1959-1996]. CN: 1ex (Mt. Gyeryongsan: 28.vii. 1979). GBN: 13ex (Munkyeong, Bulyeong, Pohang: vi-vii.1977-1990); 124ex (Busan: vi.1973). JBN: 52ex (Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Duryunsan, Is. Hongdo, Is. Geomundo: vi-vii.1974-1993). JJ: 3ex (vii.1962-1972). [EWU] GS: 8ex (Mt. Cheonmasan, Bigeum-gyegok, Suwon, Gunpo: v- vii.1954-1985). CN: 1ex (Is. Ga-euido: 20.vii.1969). GN: 1ex (Dongrae: 16.vi.1979). JBN: 30ex (Is. Maldo, Is. Wonsando, Is. Heuksando, Is. Hongdo: vi-vii.1978-1992). JJ: 4ex (vii.1965-1987). [HSU] CN: 6ex (Mt. Gayasan: v-vi.1994-1997). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 638 specimens →20.iv-23.xi (iv- 3, v- 13, vi- 429, vii- 182, viii- 3, ix- 2, xi- 2 specimens). BIOLOGY: Nakayama and Okamoto, 1940: 198 (=B. costifera); Gu, 1973: 77.

Genus Chejuanomala Kim, 1998b: 313. Je-ju-pung-deng-i-sog (제주풍뎅이속)

This genus is characterized by the body wide, cylindrically oval, and strongly lustrous. The male aedeagus is slender and very long. This genus was separated from Anomala by me (Kim, 1998b). More research is needed to assign other described species to this genus. Type species: Anomala quelparta Okamoto, 1924.

SPECIES not yet investigated (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Not yet investigated. KEY REFERENCE: Kim (1998b). Scarabaeoidea: Rutelidae: Anomalini 115

53. Chejuanomala quelparta (Okamoto, 1924) (Pls. 5-46, 13-46, 19-46) Je-ju-pung-deng-i (제주풍뎅이)

Anomala quelparta Okamoto, 1924: 177; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1927: 35; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 39; Cho, 1957: 120; 1963: 219 (Je-ju-P-D-I); 1969: 679; Cho et al., 1968: 265; Kim, 1978: 349; Lee et al., 1985: 418; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 152. Chejuanomala quelparta: Kim, 1998b: 313; 2001b: 128. TYPE LOCALITY: Saishuto (=Jejudo) Korea.

Male: Body thick, cylindrically oval, with strong luster. Dorsal surface and legs black to coppery green, with brownish yellow elytra and abdomen. Head with strongly depressed clypeal surface compared to frontal surface. Clypeus long transversally, highly reflexed margins, anterior margin nearly straight; punctures large but shallow, irregularly wrinkled. Pronotum highly elevated median, with pairs of distinct fovea anterolaterally; with basal and lateral margins surrounded by fine, complete carina, with very large, scattered punctures. Mesocoxae relatively closer compared to other coxal intervals. Elytra with weakly grooved striae with low, round, apically open punctures; interstitial punctures slightly larger, arranged weakly in rows, mixed with microsculpturing. Ad: Elongate with especially long parameres. Parameres 1/2 total length of aedegus, strongly tapered to apex, apex hooked laterally. Female: Unknown. BL: 14-16 mm. BW: 7-8.5 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Korea proper. KOREA: Is. Jejudo proper. KOREAN RECORDS: Jejudo only. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (138♂♂): [SWU] 1ex (Jejudo: 16.vi.1963); 6ex (Eorimog: 14.vii.1997); 2ex (Aradong: 14.vi.1994). [NAAS] 25ex (v-vi.1987-1996). [SNU] 5ex (Halla sumokwon: 1994). [JM] 1ex (Aradong: 22.vi.1981); 8ex (20, 29.vi.1983); 56ex (10-25.vi.1993); 2ex (8, 14.vii.1993); 4ex (To- pyeong-ri: 3.vi.1992; 27.vi.1993); 2ex (Seongpan-ak: 3.vii.1982); 2ex (Is. Wido: 4.vi.1983); 1ex (San- bangsan: 9.vi.1994); 22ex (Seongsan, Wondong, Seonheul, Gyorae, Aewol, Gwaneumsa: vi-vii. 1993). [EWU] 1ex (Gwaneumsa: 9.vii.1965).

Family Dynastidae MacLeay, 1819: 64. Jang-su-pung-deng-i-gwa (장수풍뎅이과)

Dynastinae MacLeay, 1819.

The family is characterized by the head armed with horns in the males, tuberculate in the females; pronotum horned in the males, simple in the females; labrum covered by clypeus; clypeus variable; ocular canthi strongly developed or reduced in the genus Cryptodus; antennae with 8-10 antenno- meres including 3 antennomere club; tarsomeres long, smooth, not triangular, apical part of 1st tarsomere generally with a strong spine; stridulatory organ absent. At the time of Endrödi’s (1985) book on world , there were a total of 1,366 species in 103 genera belonging to 8 tribes in the subfamily. Although Dynastinae is most diverse in the 116 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Neotropical Region, there are 29 species from 3 tribes distributed in the Palaearctic Region. In Korea, Kolbe (1886) was first record the species Phileurus chinensis, which was collected in Seoul by Gottsche in 1884. Niijima and Kinoshita (1923) reported Oryctes rhinoceros as occurring in Korean, but this report turned out to be erroneous. More recently, the imported species Pentodon quadri- dens was discovered in Korea by me (Kim J.I., 1997b). Type genus: MacLeay, 1819.

TRIBES 8 (Endrödi, 1985) (3 in Korea). GENERA 103 (Endrödi, 1985) (3 in Korea). SPECIES 1,366 described from about 2,000 species according to Endrödi (1985) (3 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Wordwide. KEY REFERENCE: Reitter (1898), Nijiima and Kinoshita (1923, 1927), Endrödi (1985), Kim (1997b, 2001b); Phileurini=Endrödi (1977, 1985); Trypoxylus=Kôno (1931), Endrödi (1985).

Key to the genera and species of family Dynastidae

1. Body length 35-55 mm. Male with frontal horns very large, antler-shaped, pronotal horn not large. Female without horns, covered in pubescens···································Allomyrina dichotoma - Body length shorter than 25 mm. Thick and oval or flat and long············································2 2. Body not wide, with a short frontal horn (shorter in female). Pronotum with a concavity basal to frontal horn, large and round in male, long and narrow in female ··········Eophileurus chinensis - Body oval, with 2 frontal tubercles·······························································Pentodon quadridens

Tribe Dynastini MacLeay, 1819: 217. Jang-su-pung-deng-i-jog (장수풍뎅이족- Newly named)

This tribe has very strong sexual dimorphism in most species. The fore legs of males are generally longer than females, and males have a long head horn and pronotal horn, which are usually absent in females. Antennae with 10 antennomeres, with short club in both sexes. Type genus: Dynastes MacLeay, 1819.

GENERA 10 (Endrödi, 1985) (1 in Korea). SPECIES 60 (Endrödi, 1985) (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide, but majority in the New World.

Genus Allomyrina Arrow, 1911: 153. Jang-su-pung-deng-i-sog (장수풍뎅이속)

Type species: Scarabaeus dichotoma Linné, 1771. Scarabaeoidea: Dynastidae: Phileurini 117

SPECIES 3 (Endrödi, 1985) (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: 2 in the Palaearctic Region and one in the Oreintal Region (Endrödi, 1985).

54. Allomyrina dichotoma (Linné, 1771) (Pls. 5-47, 13-47, 19-47) Jang-su-pung-deng-i (장수풍뎅이)

Scarabaeus dichotoma Linné, 1771: 527. Trypoxylus dichotoma: Kôno, 1931: 159; Kamijo, 1932: 20. Xylotrupes dichotomus: Cho, 1933: 81; 1936: 25; 1956: 76; 1963: 221; 1969: 686; Mochizuki, 1936: 210; Morita, 1936: 860; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 92; Mori and Cho, 1940: 13; Cho et al., 1967: 198; 1968: 265; KZS, 1968: 138; Hyun and Woo, 1970: 80; Kim and Kim, 1971: 160; 1975: 252; Kim and Nam, 1983: 87; Yoon et al., 1990: 128. Allomyrina dichotoma: Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 75; Cho, 1947: 65 (Jang-su-P-D-I); 1957: 301; Kim and Kim, 1974b: 108; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 276; 1982b: 156; 1984: 328; Kim, 1978: 372; Stebnicka, 1980: 210; Yoon and Kim, 1981: 47; Nam and Kim, 1983: 128; Endrödi, 1985: 627; Yoon et al., 1990b: 111; Kim, 1992: 106; 1993: 65; 2001: 80; Park et al., 1993: 177; Park and Kim, 1993: 113; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 152.

Male: Body reddish brown to blackish brown, shiny. Clypeus form a slender crescent shape with 2 thickly enlarged projections. Frons with a long, antler-shaped projection protruding forward as a long shaft, then branched to 2 then 4 short horns. Pronotum distinctly emarginate; with a short, highly elevated horn anteromedially, horn branched to 2 long, arrowhead-shaped structures. Differ- ent specimens have a high degree of variation in horns. Elytra with small, very shallow, almost indistinguishable but dense punctures. Female: Dorsal surface weakly shiny, covered with dark brown to yellowish grey pubescens. Clypeus short, nearly hexagonal, narrowed apically and enlarg- ed basally. Frons projected upwardely on each side as short, thick horn. Pronotum and elytra with distinct punctures, punctures denser than in males. BL: 35-53 mm. BW: 18-27 mm. Length of frontal horns: 9.5-32 mm. Width of outer branches of frontal horns: 5-15 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Laos, Taiwan, China, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Musan, HN Yeongheung, Gowon, PB Mt. Myohyangsan, Daeyudong, PY Pyeongyang, WH Suan Sugu-myeon, Sinmak, Geumcheon, Sariwon, Bongsan, Haeju, Goksan, GW Mt. Geumgangsan, SK- GW Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Sogeumgang, Mt. Jeombongsan, Samcheok, GS Gaeseong Mt. Handunsan, Mt. Yongmunsan, Gwangneung, Seoul, Suwon, CB Boeun, Danyang, Yeongdong, GB Gimcheon, Geumneung, Uljin, Mt. Unmunsan, Daegu, Mt. Jirisan, GN Milyang, Mt. Gayasan, Is. Yokjido, Is. Geojedo, JB Gunsan, Mt. Baekyangsan, Naebyeonsan, Gochang, Imsil, Jeongju, Mt. Mo-aksan, JN Jangsu, Piagol, JJ Jejudo. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (51 specimens): [SWU] NK: PB- 1♂1♀(Mt. Myohyangsan: 7, 3.vii.1991). SK ? GW: 1ex (Samcheok: 31.vii.1980). GB: 1♂ (Wuljin Sogwang-ri: 1.viii.1999). GN: 1♀ (Mt. Jirisan: 31.vii.1981). JB: 2ex (Mt. Mo-aksan, Naebyeonsan: 4.viii.1980, 1992). JJ: 6ex (v-viii.1974-1999). [NAAS] GG: 1♀(Suwon: 27.ix.1993). CB: 10ex (Danyang, Yeongdong: vii-ix.1993). GB: 1♀(Geum- neung: 12.vii.1991). GJN: 2♀♀ (Mt. Jirisan: 9, 23.vii.1996). [SNU] JN: 8ex (Piagol: vii,viii.1973-1979). 118 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

JJ: 2ex (29.vii.1971; 30.vii.1993). [EWU] GG: 1ex (Gwangneung: 19.v.1954). GN: 2ex(Milyang: 23.vii. 1986); 2ex (Is. Geojedo: 29.vii.1970). JB: 1ex (Imsil: 4.viii.1965). JJ: 4ex (vi, vii.1964-1973). [HNHM - NK] PB: 2ex (Mt. Myohyangsan: 5-7.vii.1991); 2ex (8-12.viii.1991). REMARKS: Larvae and adults are sold in the market and reared out in laboratories. The larvae are used for medicine of folk remedies, and the adult used as pets.

Tribe Phileurini Burmeister, 1847: 138. Oe-bbul-jang-su-pung-deng-i-jog (외뿔장수풍뎅이족- Newly named)

Phileuridae Burmeister, 1847.

This tribe has a very broad mentum that covers the base of labial palpi; frons armed with 1 or 2 tubercles or horns, but sometimes unarmed; femora not strongly thickened; protibiae with 3 or 4 teeth. This tribe occurs in temperate and tropical zoogeographical regions. Type genus: Phileurus Latreille, 1807.

GENERA 35 (Endrödi, 1985) (1 in Korea). SPECIES 183 (Endrödi, 1985) (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Temperate and tropical zoogeographical regions.

Genus Eophileurus Arrow, 1908: 332. Oe-bbul-jang-su-pung-deng-i-sog (외뿔장수풍뎅이속)

Clypeus weakly reflexed, frons with 1-2 horns or tubercles; antennae with 10 antennomeres; pronotum with a medioanterior groove, deep in male, shallow in female. Type species: Geotrupes platanus Wiedemann, 1823.

SPECIES 27 (Endrödi, 1985) (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: from China to Australia (Endrödi, 1985).

55. Eophileurus chinensis (Faldermann, 1835) (Pls. 5-48, 6-48, 13-48, 19-48) Oe-bbul-jang-su-pung-deng-i (외뿔장수풍뎅이)

Phileurus chinensis Faldermann, 1835: 370; Kolbe, 1886: 194; Maruta, 1929: 370; Morita, 1936: 860; Haku, 1936: 121; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 92; Kim and Kim, 1975: 252; Kim and Nam, 1982b: 276. Scarabaeoidea: Dynastidae: Pentodontini 119

Eophileurus chinensis: Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 74; Cho, 1957: 301; 1963: 221 (Oe-bbul-jang-su-P-D-I); 1969: 685; Cho et al., 1968: 265; KZS, 1968: 138; Endrödi, 1977: 99; 1985: 663; Kim, 1978: 371; Yoon and Nam, 1979: 150; Stebnicka, 1980: 210; Kim and Nam, 1982b: 156; Kim et al., 1982a: 145; 1991b: 67; 1991e: 179; 1977: 234; 2001: 132; 2005: 79; Park et al., 1993: 178; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 152; Lie et al., 1997: 26; Kim, 1998c; 357; 2001b: 81. Phileurus morio Faldermann, 1835: 371: Heyden, 1887: 254; Okamoto, 1924: 181; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 74.

Body long oval, narrow, weakly shiny blackish brown to black. Male: Clypeus very short, with anterior margin very deeply emarginated medially; laterally enlarged in triangular projections. Frons narrow, near hexagonal, sharply emarginate lateraly; with a short, simple, medial horn weakly curved to posteriorly. Pronotum very large, round concavity anteromedially, with deep punctures at emarginate area along edges. Elytra indistinguishable interstices between striae with many longitudinal, very deep rows of punctures. Internal claw of protarsi with very large, internal, tooth-like process. Female: Horn very short triangular projection, Pronotal anteromedial con- cavity narrower, longer than that of male. BL: 18-24 mm. BW: 9-12 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Taiwan, China, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HN Huchang, SK- GS Mt. Hwa-aksan, Is. Deogjeokdo, Is. Soyado, Gwang- neung, Seoul (Mts. Namsan, Inwangsan, Nogosan, Cheongkyesan and Gwanaksan, Segeomjeong, Seodaemun, Hyochng-dong, Temp. Bong-eunsa), Gwangju, Namhansanseong, Mt. Surisan, Gimpo, Suwon, Hwaseong, Anseong, Pyeongtaek, CBN Mt. Soknisan, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Mt. Gayasan, Is. Anmyeondo, GBN Daegu, Mt. Palgongsan, Jinju, Goseong, JBN Gunsan, Mt. Naejangsan, Gwangju, Mt. Jirisan, Piagol, Mt. Baekwunsan, Is. So-Heuksando, JJ Jejudo, Mt. Hallasan. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (72 specimens): [SWU] GS: 1ex (Is. Soyado Ongjin: 2.viii.1982); 1ex (Gimpo Gocheon-m.: 5.v.1998); 2ex (Pyeongtaek: 11.iv.1998). CB: 1ex (Jungwon Geumga-m.: 10.viii.1987); 2♀ (Is. Gageodo Sinan: 16.viii.2009); 1♂1♀ (10.x.2009). [NAAS] GS: 9ex (Suwon: v-viii.1926-1934, 1958-1992); 1ex (Mt. Cheongkyesan: 19.viii.1976); 1ex (Anseong: 15.vi.1993). CN: 4ex (Is. An- myeondo: vii, viii.1996). JN: 1ex (Is. Soheuksando: 27.vi.1973); 2ex (Is. Heuksando: 16.viii.2009); 2ex (10.x.2009). JJ: 1ex (Bukjeju: 15.vii.1993). [SNU] GG: 13ex (Hwaseong, Suwon, Anyang, Mt. Gwanaksan: v-xi.1964-1992); 1ex (Mt. Surisan: 25.v.1967). CB: 1ex (Cheongju: 22.vi.1992). JN: 1ex (Gwangju: 21.vi.1965); 1ex (Mt. Jirisan Piagol: 20.vii.1969); 1ex (Mt. Baekwunsan: 25.vi.1994). [EWU] GS: 1ex (Is. Deogjeogdo: 14.vii.1962); 2ex (Gwangneung: vi.1957, 1962); 1ex (x.1966); 2ex (Seoul: v.1962; vi.1961). GN: 1ex(Jinju: 28.vii.1964). [KU] GS: 4ex (Mt. Namsan, Seoul: 18.vii.1939); 2ex (1934, 1938); 1ex (Mt. Gwanaksan: 20.v.1989); 1ex (Mt. Namhansanseong: 16.x.1971); 1ex (Gwangneung: 20.ix.1975). CB: 1ex (Mt. Soknisan: 29.vii.1957). CN: 1ex (Mt. Gyeryongsan: 28.vii.1979). JB: 1ex (Mt. Naejangsan: 20.viii.1956). GN: 1ex (Goseong: 10.vii.1964). [HSU] CN: 2ex (Mt. Gayasan: 26.v.; 8.vi.1997).

Tribe Pentodontini Mulsant, 1842: 381. Dung-geul-jang-su-pung-deng-i-jog (둥글장수풍뎅이족: Newly named)

Pentodonaires Mulsant, 1842. 120 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

This tribe is the largest tribe of Dynastidae, characterized by the head and pronotum with carina, tubercles, or fovea; mandibles with 1-3 lateral lobes or teeth; prosternal process long, columnar. Type genus: Pentodon Hope, 1837.

GENERA 22 (Endrödi, 1985), (1 in Korea). SPECIES more than 500 (Endrödi, 1985) (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: All zoogeographical regions, except the polar regions.

Genus Pentodon Hope, 1837: 30. Dung-geul-jang-su-pung-deng-i-sog (둥글장수풍뎅이속)

The genus includes nine species, seven of which are in the Palaearctic Region and two in the Oriental Region. Six of the Palaearctic species are further divided into several geographic subspecies, one of which has been introduced to Australia (Endrödi, 1985). The Korean species, P. quadridens, has been classified into 4 subspecies: the nominal subspecies is distributed mainly in eastern area of the Caspian Sea to Uzbekistan, the subspecies P. q. distantides is distributed from Armenia to Iran, P. q. mongolicum is distributed in China and Mongolia; and P. q. bidentulum is distributed in Korea and northeastern China. Type species: Scarabaeus punctatus Villers, 1789.

SPECIES approximately 20 (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Palaearctic and Oriental regions.

56. Pentodon quadridens (Gebler), 1845: 100 (Pls. 6-49, 13-49, 19-49). Dung-geul-jang-su-pung-deng-i (둥글장수풍뎅이)

Scarabaeus quadridens Gebler, 1845: 100. Pentodon quadridens: Kim, 1997b: 225 (Dung-geul-jang-su-P-D-I); 2001b: 82; Kim and Lee, 1997a: 234.

Body short, rounded, convex; dorsal surface weakly shiny black with brownish black, ventral surface dark reddish brown; legs, antennae, palpi blackish brown. Antennae with 10 antennomeres, including a short 3-antennomere club. Clypeus with 2 teeth between wide, deeply concaved apical margin. Frons with 1 or 2 small medial processes. Mandibles with 3 teeth along external edge, frontal and margins of labia with dense, golden setae. Pronotum with large, deep, dense punctures. Elytra with dense punctures in double rows. Protibiae with 3 outer teeth, frequently with other smaller teeth. Protarsi in males not thickened. BL: around 20 mm, BW: around 11.5 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: , , Syria, Iran, USSR, Mongolia, China, Korea; subspecies bidentulum - northeastern China, Korea. KOREA: Central Korea. Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Melolonthinae 121

KOREAN RECORDS: GG BanweolGongdan, CN Mt. Gayasan, Is. Anmyeondo. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (6 specimens): [SWU] CN: 2♂♂ (Mt. Gayasan: 23.vi.1996). [NAAS] CN: 4ex (Is. Anmyeondo: vii, viii.1996).

Taxon Removed from the Korean list of Dynastinae

1. Oryctes rhinoceros Linné, 1758 Nam-bang-jang-su-p-d-i (남방장수풍뎅이)

Oryctes rhinoceros Linné, 1758: 346: Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 205; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 74; Cho, 1957: 301; 1968: 138 (Nam-bang-jang-su-P-D-I); Nomura, 1960: 73; KSPP, 1972: 208; Stebnicka, 1980: 210; Endrödi, 1985: 520 →This species does not occurred in Korea.

Family Melolonthidae Leach in Samouelle, 1819: 189. Geom-jeong-pung-deng-i-gwa (검정풍뎅이과)

The largest subfamily in the Scarabaeoidea, Melolonthinae is characterized by abdominal with 5-6 visible sternites, 5th forms ring structure by connection with tergite; antennae with 9-10 anten- nomeres, club usually with 3 antennomeres, but can have 3-7 antennomeres in the club. Mouth- parts chitinous with developed mandible; mandible and labrum hidden beneath clypeus. Metatibiae with 1-2 terminal spurs, claws immovable, claws generally with internal tooth. Body small to large, black to brown in most, but sometimes with green or indigo blue patterns. Some Melolonthinae are harmful to many plants, with adults feeding on leaves and larvae eating roots. In Korea, Kolbe (1886) first report four species, including one new species, Apogonia cupreoviridis. These specimens were collected by Gottsche along the railroad between Seoul and Busan in 1884. In the next year, Heyden (1887) report eight species adding six new species to those known from Korea. Niijima and Kinoshita (1923, 1927) listed 23 species based on records published after 1910 by Brenske, Reitter and Arrow. Murayama (1954) conducted numerous studies on Korean Melon- thinae, and tallied 61 species for the region. Many specific or subspecific names were added after this period, bringing the total number of recorded species to 90 at one point. After careful study, the number of Korean species of Holotrichia was reduced from 15 to 10 species (Kim, 2000) and the tribe was reduced from 45 to 19 species (Kim et al., 1991f; 1997b; 2002a, b, c). Kim (2001) did a monographic study on Korean Melolonthinae and recorded 55 species in 19 genera belonging to three tribe. In this publication, to the species number is revised to 57 including 4 distributional doubtful due to the difficulty of external morphological identification of one species. Type genus: Melolontha Fabricius, 1775.

SUBFAMILIES (or TRIBES) 7-28 (3 in Korea). GENERA 750 (Houston and Weir, 1992) (19 in Korea). 122 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

SPECIES 11,000 (Houston and Weir, 1992) (53+4 doubtful in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide. KEY REFERENCE: Kolbe (1886), Heyden (1887, 1889), Bates (1888), Reitter (1902), Moser (1915a, 1919, 1920), Nijiima and Kinoshita (1923, 1927), Murayama (1954), Nomura (1973), Stebnicka (1980), Kim et al. (1991f, 1997b, 2002a, b, c), Lie et al. (1997), Sabatinelli and Pontuale (1998), Kim (2001), Smetana and Smith (2006); Larvae: Murayama (1931), Medvedev (1952), Zhang (1984).

Key to the subfamilies of family Melolonthinae

1. Mesotibiae with or without apical spurs. Paired claws different length, sometimes with 1 claw rudimentary or absent. Dorsal surface covered with scales········································Hopliinae - Mesotibiae and metatibiae with 2 apical spurs, or with more than 2 spines. Paired claws symme- trical·········································································································································2 2. Two spines of metatibiae adjacent; procoxa cylindrical with fine carina apically. Abdominal sternites fused with sutures obliterated medially ················································Melolonthinae - Two spines of metatibiae separated by metatarsus. Procoxa simpe, elongate. Sutures of abdo- minal sternites complete, well defined·········································································Sericinae

Subfamily Hopliinae Latreille, 1829: 563. Gin-da-ri-pung-deng-i-a-gwa (긴다리풍뎅이아과)

Hoplides Latreille, 1829.

This tribe is characterized by labrum angled, hidden under the clypeus; internal part of mandibles lamellaform. Antennae with 9-10 antennomeres, insertion not visible in dorsal view. Pygidium exposed, propygidium partially exposed. Protibial spur sometimes absent, mesotibiae with 0 or 1 spur. Metatarsi usually with a single claw, sometimes with 2 asymmetrical claws. Many species are pollinators, which is unusual in Melolonthinae. In Korea, 10 names of 2 genera have been reported, but only 3 species are valid and recognized. Type genus: Hoplia Illiger, 1803.

GENERA 4 (2 in Korea). SPECIES approximately 250 (about 170 of Hoplia) (3 or 4 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: All zoogeographic regions of the world, but mainly in the Palaearctic and Oriental Regions. KEY REFERENCE: Hardy (1977).

Key to the genera and species of subfamily Hopliinae

1. Elytral suture with setal bundle at apex, propygidium completely exposed································ gen. Ectinohoplia············································· Elytra covered with brown or brown and green scales, with 1-2 pairs of large, black, ∧-shaped pattern medially·············································2 - Elytral suture without apical setal bundle, anterior part of propygidium covered by elytra. Clypeus with apical margin weakly enlarged and weakly emarginated medially ······················· Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Melolonthinae 123

·······························································genus Hoplia ···························································3 2. Clypeus with apical margin nearly straight. Metatarsal claw simple ···························E. rufipes - Clypeus with apical margin rounded, enlarged. Metatarsal claw large, with apex blade-like. Body color highly variable ··························································································E. obducta 3. Length greater than 10 mm. Metatarsomere 5 with 2 ventral carina, inner carina very large, broad, outer carina small. Claw weakly curved··························································H. djukini - Length less than 8 mm. Metatarsomere 5 with 4-5 small ventral carina. Claw nearly straight ··· ···································································································································H. aureola

Genus Ectinohoplia Redtenbacher, 1868: 184. Ju-hwang-gin-da-ri-pung-deng-i-sog (주황긴다리풍뎅이속)

Antennae with 10 antennomeres; elytral suture with setal bundle at apex; pygidium and propygi- dium exposed; protibia with 3 very short outer teeth; tips of protarsal and mesotarsal claws divided. In Korea, 2 species have been reported including one that is very difficult to identify. Type species: Ectinohoplia sulphuriventris Redtenbacher, 1868.

SPECIES 32 in Palaearctic (Lobl and Smetana, 2006) (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Palaearctic Region. KEY REFERENCE: Kim (2001b).

57. Ectinohoplia rufipes (Motschulsky, 1860)(Pls. 6-50, 13-50, 19-50) Ju-hwang-gin-da-ri-pung-deng-i (주황긴다리풍뎅이)

Decamera rufipes Motschulsky, 1860: 133. Hoplia rufipes: Heyden, 1887: 251; Bates, 1888: 372; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 73; Cho, 1957: 300; KZS, 1968: 137. Ectinohoplia rufipes: Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 80; Okamoto, 1924: 174; Mochizuki, 1935: 32; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 91; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 72; Cho, 1957: 300; 1963: 218; 1969: 683; Cho et al., 1968: 264; KZS, 1968: 137 (Ju-hwang-gin-da-ri-P-D-I); Won et al., 1968: 379; KSPP, 1972: 206; Kim et al., 1975: 250; 1981b: 125; 1982a: 156; 1982b: 276; Kim, 1978: 358; Stebnicka, 1980: 261; Kim, 1981: 345; 1991: 66; 1995: 165; 2001b: 18; Nam and Kim, 1982: 129; Yoon et al., 1990b: 110; Park et al., 1993: 177; Park and Kim, 1993: 112; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 149; Kim et al., 1996b: 127; 1998: 170; 2002: 119. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Gal-saeg-gin-da-ri-P-D-I (Cho, 1963 and 2 others), Bul-geun-gin-da-ri-P- D-I (KZS, 1968), Bam-gal-saeg-gin-da-ri-P-D-I (Cho, 1969 and 4 others), Hwang-to-bit-gin-da-ri-P- D-I (KSPP, 1972), Jui-ddong-na-mu-P-D-I (Gu, 1973), Bam-gal-saeg-pung-deng-i (Kim and Nam, 1981). TYPE LOCALITY: Amur. 124 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Body short, wide, densely covered with dark brown to blackish brown scales. Dorsal surface uniformly covered with brown to pale yellowish brown and green scales. Elytra covered with brown and green scales, with 1-2 pairs of large, black, ∧-shaped patterns medioapically; with highly variable patterns on pronotal margins and medial part of disc. Light green scales distributed across dark and reddish brown scales on elytra, sometimes cover pronotal and elytral margins. Ventral surface covered with yellowish green scales. Clypeus distinctly tapered toward apex, apical margin nearly straight. Antennae with 10 antennomeres, club length shorter than length of stalk in both sexes. Abdominal sternites black, shiny, covered with yellow scales. Legs with slender, long femora and tibiae, tarsal claws weakly curved, sharp apically. Ad: Curved along entire length, distinctly curved apically. Basal piece narrow and long. Parameres very long, with each apical part (outer lobes) enlarged, long, triangular. BL: 7-10 mm. BW: 3.6-6 mm. LARVAE: Murayama, 1931: 30; Medvedev, 1952: 155; Zhang, 1984: 92.

DISTRIBUTION: China, Siberia, Sakhalin, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- YG Hyesanjin, HN Bujeon-plateau, GW Wonsan, GG Gaeseong Bakyeon waterfall, SK- About 900 specimens from about 90 sites from 70 regions in the mountains, plains and islands across the entire country including Seoul (6 counties=dong). SPECIMEN EXAMINED (774 specimens): [SWU] NK: 1ex (Mt. Myohyangsan: 6.vii.1991); GW: 53ex (Goseong, Mt. Seolaksan, Inje, Yang-gu, Pyeongchang, Mt. Odaesan, Wonju, : vi-vii.1976- 1998). GS: 45ex (Pocheon, Gapyeong, Namyangju-G, Mt. Yongmunsan, Seoul, Gwangju: v- viii.1962-1999). CB: 6ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Goesan: vi-vii.1989-1991). CN: 14ex (Seosan: v-vi.1987- 1996); 1ex (Mt. Mansusan: 19.vii.1999). GBN: 1ex (Munkyeong, Mt. Seondalsan: 1.vii.1998); 57ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Bulyeong, Mt. Taehaengsan, Mt. Juwangsan, Sacheon, Jinju, Jinyang: v-viii.1976- 1998). JBN: 12ex (Buan, Jangsu, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan: vi-vii.1981-1997). JJ: 6ex (vi-viii.1959- 1990). [NAAS] GW: 8ex (Daegwallyeong: viii.1987). GS: 8ex (Gwangneung, Suwon: iv-vii.1922- 1991). JBN: 2ex (Naju, Mt. Naejangsan: vi.1975, 1998). JJ: 23ex (vii-x.1922-1985). [SNU] GW: 1ex (Wonju: 27.vi.1997). GS: 75ex (Yeoncheon, Gapyeong, Namyangju, Gwangju, Icheon, Seoul, Anyang, Suwon: iv-x.1957-1998). CB: 7ex (Mt. Wolaksan: vi-xi.1984-1992). JBN: 19ex (Mt. Mudeungsan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan: v-vii.1969-1997). [KU] NK: 1ex (Hyesan: 10.v.1933). GW: 10ex (Goseong, Mt. Odaesan, Hongcheon, Chuncheon: vi-viii.1981-1994). GS: 171ex (Gapyeong-G, Goyang-gun, Namyangju-G, Pocheon, Mt. Yongmunsan, Seoul, Seongnam, Suwon: iv-viii.1932- 1996). GBN: 46ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Bulyeong valley, Mt. Juwangsan, Munkyeong, Mt. Hwanghaksan, Habcheon, Mt. Gayasan: vi-viii.1960-1990). JBN: 45ex (Jinan, Muju, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Duryunsan: v-vii.1972-1993). JJ: 65ex (vii-viii.1955-1978). [EWU] GW: 2ex (Nam-isum, Gangchon: v-vi.1972, 1977); 3ex (Jinburyeong: viii.1979, 1980). GS: 54ex (Gapyeong-G, Mt. Yong- munsan, Seoul-C, Suwon: iv-vi.1955-1991). CN: 2ex (Cheonan: v, vii.1988, 1993). JN: 1ex (Is. Wando: 24.v.1981). JJ: 1ex(11.vii.1979). [HSU] CN: 36ex (iv-vi.1994-1997). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 674 specimens →iv-xi (iv- 6, v- 92, vi- 392, vii- 94, viii- 80, ix- 2, x- 6, xi- 2 specimens). BIOLOGY: Saito, 1931: 473, 1941: 11; Nakayama and Okamoto, 1940: 198. Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Melolonthinae 125

Reserves Recording Species

Ectinohoplia obducta (Motschulsky, 1857) (Korean-Long-legged Scarab Beetle)

Hoplia obducta Motschulsky 1857: 33; Nomura, 1960: 57; KSPP, 1972: 206(Ae-ggot-mu-ji); Paik, 1984: 177 (Ae-gin-da-ri-P-D-I); ESK and KSAE, 1994: 149. Misidentified: Kim and Nam, 1982a: 156.

DIAGNOSIS: Refer to key. BL: 6.5-11 mm. DISTRIBUTION: China, Siberia, Sakhalin, Korea, Japan.

Genus Hoplia Illiger, 1803: 226. Gin-da-ri-pung-deng-i (긴다리풍뎅이속)

Protarsomeres and mesotarsomeres with 2 claws differ in size and form, metatarsomeres with 1 claw. Antennae with 9-10 antennomeres including 3 antennomere club. Elytral suture with apical setal bundle. Pygidium and propygidium covered by elytra. In Korea, 6 species have been reported, but most were erroneous records. There is only one species in South Korea and a second poorly- known species reported from North Korea. Type species: Scarabaeus farinosus Linnaeus, 1761 (by subsequent designation - Medvedev, 1952: 244).

SPECIES approximately 250 (170 in Palaearctic) (2 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide except the Australian Region and South America. KEY REFERENCE: Kim (2001b).

58. Hoplia (Euchromoplia) aureola (Pallas, 1871) (Pls. 6-51, 14-51, 19-51) Jeom-ba-gi-gin-da-ri-pung-deng-i (점박이긴다리풍뎅이)

Scarabaeus aureola Pallas, 1871: 18. Hoplia aureola: Niijima and Kinoshita, 1927: 29; Yoshino, 1935: 13; Mochizuki, 1935: 32; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 91; Haku, 1937: 120 (H. auleola); Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 72; Cho, 1969: 684 (Jeom-ba-gi-gin-da-ri-P-D-I); KSPP, 1972: 207; Kim et al., 1975: 251; 1985: 105; Stebnicka, 1980: 260; Paik, 1984: 182 (H. accureolka); Kim et al., 1991e: 179; 1991e: 66; 1995: 170; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 149; Lie et al., 1997: 84; Kim, 2001: 19. Hoplia aureula: Kim, 1978: 359; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 156; 1982b: 276; 1984: 328. Hoplia 12-punctata Motschulsky, 1860: 133: Sawada, 1938: 12; Heyden, 1887: 251. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Heuk-jeom-gin-da-ri-P-D-I (KSPP, 1972), Min-gan-da-ri-P-D-I (ESK and KSAE, 1994). 126 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

TYPE LOCALITY: Siberia.

Body covered with yellowish green scales dorsally, scales more bluish white on pronotum. Prono- tum with about 4 blackish brown scaly, blunt patterns medially. Elytra with 3 rowed, blackish brown, scaly, blunt patterns medially, but completely absent in many individuals. Scales of ventral surface and legs are bluish white to silvery blue in many individuals. Clypeus with apical margin weakly, rounded, enlarged medially. Metatarsomere 5 with 4-5 rowed carina, generally small, uniform. Tarsal claws nearly straight. Ad: Weakly curved along entire length. Basal piece large, basal section especially enlarged, large, triangular. Parameres very thin, long, with enlarged terminal parts (outer lobes) club-shaped. BL: 7-8 mm. BW: 3.7-4 mm. LARVAE: Murayama, 1927: 12; 1931: 26; Sawada, 1938: 12 (H. 12-punctata); Nakyama and Okamoto, 1940: 199; Medvedev, 1952: 158.

HOST PLANTS: Adults feed on flowers and sprouts of pear and apple trees and lavae are great noxious pests of forests and nurseries (Nakayama and Okamoto, 1940). DISTRIBUTION: China, Mongolia, eastern Siberia, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Jongseong, Cheongjin, HN Hongwon, PB Mt. Myohyangsan, PN Suncheon Zamo-ri, Sun-an, Seokam, PY Pyeongyang, WB Sariwon, Seoheung, GG Gaeseong Bakyeon waterfall, SK- GW Goseong, Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Odaesan, Hoengseong, Chuncheon, Is. Nam-iseom, Gangchon, Ganhyon, GS Yeoncheon, Mt. Soyosan, Yangju, Gapyeong-G, Cheongpyeong, Pocheon, Gwangneung, Mt. Cheonmasan, Geumgok, Yangpyeong, Mt. Yongmunsan, Paldang, Namyangju-G, Seoul 11 counties=dong, Dongguneung, Toegyewon, Bugok, Yangji, Is. Mueuido, Anyang, Suwon, CB Mt. Soknisan, Danyang, GB Mt. Sobaeksan, Andong, Mt. Juwangsan, JB- Muju, JN Hampyeong, JJ Jejudo. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (243 specimens): [SWU] NK: 18ex (Mt. Myohyangsan, Gaeseong, Wonsan: iv,v.1970-1985). GW: 1ex (Goseong: 6.v.1989); 1ex (Hoengseong: 8.vi.1985). GS: 9ex (Yeoncheon, Yangju, Gapyeong, Anyang: v,ix.1961-1993); 5ex (Is. Mueuido Incheon: 13.vi.2009). GB: 1ex (Andong: 5.v.1998). JJ: 1ex (1.viii.1972). [NAAS] GW: 1ex (Mt. Odaesan: 8.vi.1994). GS: 10ex (Suwon: v.1922-1929). [SNU] GS: 1ex (Cheongpyeong: 10.vi.1987); 1ex (Yangji: 14.v.1979). CB: 5ex (Danyang: 10.v.1987). [KU] GW: 1ex (Chuncheon: 22.v.1977); 1ex (Mt. Odaesan: 27.vii.1958). GS: 122ex (Yangpyeong, Pocheon, Namyangju-G, Seoul, Suwon: v-vi.1934-1984). GB: 1ex (Mt. Sobaek- san: 8.vi.1974). JB: 9ex (Muju: v.1983). [EWU] GW: 1ex (Mt. Odaesan: 7.vi.1979); 3ex (Ganhyeon: 19.v.1985). GS: 29ex (Gapyeong-G, Mt. Yongmunsan, Seoul-C, Suwon: v-vi.1959-1989). [HNHM - NK] PB: 6ex (Mt. Myohyangsan: 20-22.v.1985); 13ex (Wonsan city GW: 28.v.1970). GG: 2ex (Mt. Bagyeonsan Sacheon-tong: 6-8.vi.1970). MONTHLY COLLECTION: All Korean 243 specimens → iv-ix (iv- 6, v, vi- 233, vii- 1, viii- 1, ix- 2 specimens). BIOLOGY: Murayam, 1938: 259; Nakayama and Okamoto, 1940: 199.

59. Hoplia (Decamera) djukini Jacobson, 1914 Heung-nam-gin-da-ri-pung-deng-i (흥남긴다리풍뎅이)

Hoplia djukini Jacobson, 1914: 2: Stebnicka, 1980: 260; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 149 (Heung-nam-gin- Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Melolonthinae 127

da-ri-P-D-I); Kim, 2001b: 20.

Body long, yellow, with shiny elytra, dorsal surface covered dense scales. Clypeus with rough punctures, scales, setae; anterior margin weakly reflexed. Antennae with 10 antennomeres, anten- nal club shorter than stalk in both sexes. Pronotum with shallow, dense punctures accompanied by scales or setae; scales mainly yellow but mixed with some black scales. Scutellum triangular; covered with yellow scales, setae. Pygidium covered with yellow scales basally, with some setae. Metatarsomere 5 with 2 projections, 1 very large inner projection, 1 small outer projection. Claws curved, nearly round. BL: 10-11 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Primorskij Kraj, Korea. KOREA: North. KOREAN RECORDS: HN- 1♀ (Hamheung Heungnam: 11.vi.1965, Mroczkowski and Riedel by Stebnicka, 1980). REMARKS: Stebnicka (1980) recorded this species from one specimen kept in Zoological Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences (Warszawa). She explained that this species occurs on the banks of inland waters and coastal areas, found in the vicinity of Primorskij.

Doubtful Distributional Records of Hoplia Species in Korea

Hoplia koreana Moser, 1920. Go-ryeo-gin-da-ri-P-D-I (고려긴다리풍뎅이)

ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION: Nigra, supra squamis viridi-mandallicis sat dense vestita. Capite granu- loso-punctato, frontis punctis sandosis vel squamosis, clypeo antrorsum haud angustato, margine antico fortiter reflexo, truncato, angulis anticis rotundatis; antennis piceis, 9-articulatis; protho- race latiore quam longiore, lateribus ciliatis, curvatis, post medium levissime sinuatis, angulis anticis acutis, porrectis, angulis posticis fere rectangulis, prothoracis dorso elytrisque sat crebre squamosis and breviter erecte flavo-sandosis; pygidio corporeque infra dense viridi-vel coeruleo- argenteo-squamosis, pectore pallide sandoso-piloso, abdominis segmentis transversim sandosis; tibiis auticis tridentatis, unguibus anticis and mediis longitudine valde inaequalibus, unguibus posticis integris. Long. 11-12 mm. Korea (Pu Ryong). C Rost leg. RECORDS: Niijima and Kinoshita (errors: 1923- Seoul, 1927- corrected to Taiwan); Kim, 1978: 360 (Gnori-mus subopacus: Cetoniinae); misidentifications →Won et al., 1968: 379; Yoon et al., 1979: 150; Kim et al., 1975: 251; 1982a: 156; 1982b: 276; Kim et al., 1991e: 179; 1995a: 165; 1998: 170; citations →Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 75; Cho, 1957: 300 (Go-ryeo-gin-da-ri-P-D-I); 1969: 684; KZS, 1968: 137; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 149. 128 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Hoplia Species Removed from the Korean Fauna

1. Hoplia communis Waterhouse, 1875 Dae-gu-gin-da-ri-p-d-i (대구긴다리풍뎅이)

Hoplia communis Waterhouse, 1875: 100; Haku, 1937: 74 (Daegu); ESK and KSAE, 1994: 149 (Dae-gu- gin-da-ri-P-D-I) →misidentified for H. aureola in my opinion.

2. Hoplia moerens Waterhouse, 1875 Hwang-to-saeg-gin-da-ri-p-d-i (황토색긴다리풍뎅이)

Hoplia moerens Waterhouse, 1875: 100: Cho, 1969: 685 (Hwang-to-saeg-gin-da-ri-P-D-I); Kim and Kim, 1972b: 84; Kim, 1978: 360; Paik, 1984: 182 (H. morevs); ESK and KSAE, 1994: 149 →citation errors and misidentifications for H. aureola in my opinion.

3. Hoplia squamacea White, 1844 Gin-da-ri-p-d-i (긴다리풍뎅이)

Hoplia squamacea White, 1844: 424: Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 73; Cho, 1957: 300; KZS, 1968: 138 (H. sauamacea, Gin-da-ri-P-D-I); ESK and KSAE, 1994: 149 →first records were in error.

Subfamily Melolonthinae Leach in Samouelle, 1819: 189. Geom-jeong-pung-deng-i-a-gwa (검정풍뎅이아과)

Melolonthidae Leach in Samouelle, 1819.

Mandible lamellaform, hidden under clypeus. Clypeus emarginate anterolaterally adjacent to eyes. Antennae with 8-10 antennomeres. Pronotum with raised apical margin, with each side sharp like a tooth. Abdomen with 6 visible sternites, pygidium exposed. Protibia with outer teeth; metati- bial spurs adjacent; tarsal claws simple. Larvae are noxious pests of subterranean stems or roots. In Korea, about 55 specific or subspecific names in 11 genera and two tribes are recorded, but specimens only verified 20 species from South Korea. This records 27 species including some doubtful records. Type genus: Melolontha Fabricius, 1775.

TRIBES 8 (general) 28 (occasional) (2/8 in Korea). SPECIES more than 10,000 (but many more still undescribed) (Sabatinelli and Pontuale, 1998) (24+3 doubtful in Korea). Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Melolonthinae 129

DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide. KEY REFERENCE: Reitter (1902), Moser (1915a, 1919, 1920), Nijiima and Kinoshita (1923, 1927), Murayama (1954), Nomura (1973), Sabatinelli and Pontuale (1998), Kim (2001a, b).

Key to the tribes and genera of subfamily Melolonthinae

1. Metepimeron narrow, length more than 3 times width. Body covered with pubescens or setae, without fine scales ·······················································Rhizotrogini ····································2 - Metepimeron wide, length less than 3 times width. Body covered with pubescens or microscopic scales ···········································································Melolonthini ·································10 2. Antennae with 10 antennomeres ····························································································3 - Antennae with 9 antennomeres ······························································································8 3. Antennal club with 3 antennomeres in both sexes ··································································4 - Antennal club with more 3 antennomeres in male··································································7 4. Pronotum with membranous anteromarginal band, covered with pubescens. Tarsal claws strongly divided. Abominal sternites fused, but each suture well defined ································ ·······································································································Apogonia (tribe Diplotaxini) - Pronotum without membranous anteromarginal band. Sutures of abominal sternites slender, obscured medially··················································································································5 5. Pronotum densely covered with long, erect setae·······················································Brahmina - Pronotum with 2-3 very short setae or without setae ·····························································6 6. Tarsal claws divided from near base, internal tooth with sharp apex···························Sophrops - Tarsal claws large, strongly curved medially, often have right-angles internal tooth·················· ··································································································································Holotrichia 7. Antennal club with 7 antennomeres, length about 2 times that of stalk in males, 5 antennomeres with length shorter in female. Pronotum covered with long, erect setae·················Heptophylla - Antennal club with 5 antennomeres, slightly shorter than stalk in both sexes. Pronotum without setae ··········································································································Hilyotrogus 8. Tasal claws cleft at apex·······························································································Lasiopsis - Tasal claws with mediobasal tooth ·························································································9 9. Body wide, length less than 15 mm. Dorsal surface yellow; with large, irregular punctures ····· ························································································································Pseudosymmachia - Body flat, length greater than 18 mm. Head and pronotum with dense punctures······Miridiba 10. Antennal club with 7 antennomeres, length greater than stalk in males; with 5-6 antennomeres, shorter in females. Dorsal surface with greyish white to yellowish white, irregular patterns ···· ··································································································································Polyphylla - Antennomere 3 length about 1.2 times length of antennomere 2, antennal club length about 2 times length of stalk. Dorsal surface evenly covered with setae·······························Melolontha

Tribe Rhizotrogini Burmeister, 1855: 308. Geom-jeong-da-saeg-pung-deng-i-jog (검정다색풍뎅이족)

Rhizotrogidae Burmeister, 1855. 130 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Antennae with 9 or 10 antennomeres including 3 antennomeres in the club (in both sexes). Dorsal side without setae generally but sometimes with setae or scales. Pronotum with membranous anteromarginal band. Hind epimeron with length more than 3 times width. Type genus: Rhizotrogus Latreille, 1825.

GENERA ?. SPECIES approximately 1,400 (21 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide except Australian and Ethiopian Regions. KEY REFERENCE: Reitter (1902), Moser (1915a, 1919, 1920), Nijiima and Kinoshita (1923, 1927), Murayama (1954), Kim (2001a, b).

Genus Apogonia Kirby, 1819: 401. Gam-ja-pung-deng-i-sog (감자풍뎅이속)

Body small, oval, length 5-15 mm. Dorsal surface generally shiny, frequently metallic. Clypeus very short, with punctures dense or granulous. Antennae with 10 antennomeres, rarely 9 antenno- meres. Elytra densley punctate in most, with round apex. Protibia with 2-3 outer teeth. In Korea, 5 species and 1 subspecies have been reported, but 1 species is synonym (Bezdek,ˇ 2008), 2 others were misidentified. This genus classify to the tribe Diplotaxini Burmeister (1855) in near day. Type species: Apogonia gemellata Kirby, 1819.

SPECIES 346 (35 in Palaearctic Region: Bezdek,ˇ 2006), (2 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide except Australian and Ethiopian Regions. KEY REFERENCE: Sawada (1940), Kim (2001b), Bezdekˇ (2008).

Key to the species of genus Apogonia

1. Body length approximately 9 mm, distinctly larger than next species. Pronotum with punctures large, rough, irregularly scattered ······································································A. cupreoviridis - Body length approximately 8 mm, distinctly shorter than previous species. Pronotum with small, dense punctures ···························································································A. cribricollis

60. Apogonia cribricollis Burmeister, 1855 (Pls. 6-52, 14-52, 19-52) Jan-gam-ja-pung-deng-i (잔감자풍뎅이)

Apogonia cribricollis Burmeister, 1855: 256: Murayama, 1954: 139; Cho, 1969: 667 (Jan-gam-ja-P-D-I); Kim and Kim, 1974b: 108; Stebnicka, 1980: 262; Kim et al., 1991e: 67, 1997: 233; 1999: 129; 2004: 116; Kim, 2001b: 22; Park and Kim, 1993: 112; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150. Apogonia amida Lewis, 1896 (misidentified): Morita, 1936: 851 (Gunsan); ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150 (Gun-san-gam-ja-P-D-I). Apogonia chinensis Moser, 1918 (misidentified): Niijima and Kinoshita, 1927: 16 (Seoul); Miwa and Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Melolonthinae 131

Chûjô, 1939: 62; Sawada, 1940: 277; Cho, 1957: 297; KZS, 1968: 137 (Jung-guk-gam-ja-P-D-I); ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150.

Body black to reddish brown, shiny. Head nearly semicircular; clypeus with reflexed margin; clypeus with punctures large, dense, wrinkled. Pronotum width more than 2 times length, with small, dense punctures. Elytra with 3-4 longitudinal carina and elytral sutures. Ventral side and legs with punctures small, dense, each each bearing a white seta. Metafemora with a row of long setae along posterior margin. Ad: Basal piece slender and long, ventral thickness mediobasally equal to that of median piece, length approximately equal to median piece and parameres combined. Median piece large, quadrate; with underside of medioapical part elongate, forming right angle with underside of paramere. Parameres short, blunt, with outer lobes complicated structure, and left and right lobe rounded. BL: 7-8.5 mm. BL: 4.3-5 mm. LARVAE: Zhang, 1984: 88.

DISTRIBUTION: Vietnam, China, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Kyeongseong, HN Mt. Myohyangsan, PN Pyeongyang, SK- GW Mt. Seolaksan, Pyeongchang, Chuncheon, Samcheok, GS Is. Deogjeokdo, Mt. Myeongjisan, Mt. Cheon- masan, Mt. Yongmunsan, Seoul, Suwon, CBN Chungju, Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Chilgabsan, Is. Anmyeon- do, GB Mt. Sobaeksan, Yeongju, Andong, Guryongpo, Ulsan, JBN Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Jirisan Piagol, Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Duryunsan. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (63 specimens): [SWU] GW: 15ex (Pyeongchang, Samcheok: vi.1980, vii.1985). GS: 1ex (Is. Deogjeokdo: 7.vii.1981). CN: 1ex (Mt. Chilgabsan: 26.vii.1979). GB: 1ex (Mt. Eoraesan and Mt. Seondalsan: 30.vi.1998); 4ex (Bonghwa, Yeongju, Guryongpo, Ulsan: vi-viii.1986-1998). JJ: 1ex (vii.1991). [NAAS] GW: 1ex (Mt. Seolaksan: 16.x.1974). GS: 3ex (Suwon: iv-x.1923, 1977). CB: 1ex (Mt. Gyemyeongsan Chungju: 17.vi.2003); 7ex (Mt. Wolaksan: v.1963-1965). CN: 1ex (Is. Anmyeondo: 20.viii.1996). GB: 1ex (Mt. Eoraesan: 30.vii.1998); 1ex (Andong: 20.vii.1988). JN: 1ex (Mt. Baekwunsan: 25.vi.1994). [SUN] GW: 1ex (Chuncheon: 12.ix.1993). GS: 3ex (Mt. Myeongjisan: v.1992); 4ex (Suwon: v-vi.1990-1992). JN: 2ex (Piagol: viii.1979). [KU] GS: 1ex (Mt. Cheonmasan: 6.vi.1991); 1ex (Mt. Yongmunsan: 28.v.1982). JN: 1ex (Mt. Duryunsan: 22.vi.1993). [EWU] GW: 1ex (Mt. Sobaeksan: 29.vii.1983). GS: 8ex (Mt. Cheonmasan, Goyang, Seoul, Suwon: v-vi.1959-1987). [HSU] CN: 2ex (Seosan: v, vi.1994, 1995).

61. Apogonia cupreoviridis Kolbe, 1886 (Pls. 6-53, 14-53, 19-53) Gam-ja-pung-deng-i (감자풍뎅이)

Apogonia cupreoviridis Kolbe, 1886: 193; Bates, 1888: 373; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 73; Maruta, 1929: 369; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 62; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 90; Murayama, 1954: 137; Cho, 1957: 298; 1963: 221; 1969: 666; Cho et al., 1968: 265 (Gam-ja-P-D-I); Stebnicka, 1980: 262; Yoon and Nam, 1979: 149; Kim et al., 1975: 240; 1981: 125; 1982a: 155; 1982b: 276; Kim, 1978: Kim et al., 1987b: 223; 1987c: 505; 1991b: 67; 1991e: 179; 1994b: 111; 1996b: 127; 1997: 233; 1999: 129; 2004: 116; Kim, 1993: 64; 1996c: 174; 2000: 132; 2001b: 23; Park and Kim, 1993: 112; Park et al., 1993: 177; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150; Lie et al., 1997: 60. 132 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Apogonia cupreoviridis fusania Kolbe, 1886: 193 (Fusan=Busan, Korea); Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 73; Haku, 1937: 121; Cho, 1957: 298. Apogonia nigroolivacea Heyden, 1887: Kalinina, 1989: 424 (Amur); ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150; Bezdek,ˇ 2008: 72 (Syn. Nov.). OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Gam-jeo-P-D-I (Cho, 1963); nigroolivacea=Ol-li-beu-gam-ja-P-D-I (ESK and KSAE, 1994). TYPE LOCALITY: Korea (Seoul, Fusan=Busan).

Body long, oval, black, shiny, with green or coppery reflections visible by viewing at certain angles, rarely with coppery to reddish brown specimens. Head with dense punctures; with rounded, enlarged, and reflexed clypeal margin. Pronotum with punctures large, rough. Elytra widest at 2/3rd length from base, with 3-4 longitudinal carina, dense punctures. Each abdominal sternites with row of greyish white setae. Legs with greyish white setae, arsi with yellowish setae. Ad: Basal piece blunt where connected to median piece, then slightly narrowed then enlarged again in width, length shorter than median piece and parameres combined. Median piece with left and right lobes distinctly isolated, each base sharply projected, form semicircularly concave between 2 lobes. Parameres thick, short; emarginated to wave form; base dorsally highly protruding; basal part slanting, enlarged; round triangular in lateral view. BL: 8-11 mm. BL: 5-7 mm. LARVAE: Murayama, 1931: 33; Medvedev, 1952: 108; Zhang, 1984: 87.

DISTRIBUTION: Manchuria, Korea, Japan (Ryukyu). KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Seisin (=Cheongjin), Kyeongseong, Seongjin, HN Jeongpyeong, Won- san, PB Ganggye, PY Pyeongyang, PN Gaecheon, Yeongwon, WN Haeju, SK- More than 600 speci- mens from more 100 sites from 80 regions in the mountains, plains and islands across the entire country including Seoul. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (539 specimens): [SWU] GW: 2ex (Mt. Seolaksan, Samcheok: vi.1980, vii.1990); 3ex (Mt. Chiaksan, Hoengseong: vi, vii.1993, 1999). GS: 62ex (Is. Baeknyeongdo, Is. Daecheongdo, Iss. Deogjeokdo, Is. Gyodongdo, Paju, Goyang, Pocheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Namyangju-G, Seoul 6 st, Gwangmyeong, Ansan, Anyang, Incheon: iv-xi.1971-1998). CBN: 1ex (Mt. Gyemyeongsan: 17.vi.2003); 14ex (Goesan, Taean, Mt. Gwangdeoksan, Mt. Mansusan: v-vii.1986-1999). GB: 5ex (Mt. Eoraesan and Mt. Seondalsan: 29.vi-3.vii.1998); 13ex (Yeongju, Mt. Baekamsan, Mt. Juwangsan: v-vii.1983-1999). JBN: 11ex (Gochang, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Yeosu, Is. Wando, Muan: v- viii.1982-1998). [NAAS] GW: 12ex (Chuncheon: v, vi.1993-1996). GS: 28ex (Suwon: iv-xi.1923- 1992). CN: 3ex (Is. Anmyeondo: vii,viii.1996). GB: 2ex (Andong, Hamyang: vii.1988,1993). JN: 14ex (Mt. Baekwunsan, Goheung, Is. Heuksando: vi-viii.1975-1994). [SNU] GW: 1ex (Wonju: 20.vii. 1997). GS: 135ex (Paju, Yangju-G, Namyangju-G, Mt. Myeongjisan, Mt. Cheongkyesan, Gwangju, Anyang, Suwon, Yong-in: iv-ix.1955-1997). CBN: 3ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Cheongju, Geumsan: vii- xi.1967, 1985, 1994). JN: 13ex (Is. Seonyudo, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan: v-viii.1961-1998). JJ: 5ex (iv-vi.1967-1987). [KU] GW: 5ex (Gachilbong, Chuncheon, Hongcheon: v-vii.1935, 1977, 1984). GS: 62ex (Namyangju-G, Yangpyeong, Seoul, Siheung, Suwon, Gwangju: iv-viii.1961-1996). CN: 5ex (Mt. Gyeryongsan: vii.1988). GN: 2ex (Bulyeong, Mt. Juwangsan: vi.1989, 1990). JN: 8ex (Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Duryunsan: v-vii.1976-1993). JJ: 5ex (v-vii.1963- 1978). [EWU] GW: 1ex (Nam-iseom: 5.vi.1977). GS: 20ex (Gapyeong-G, Mt. Yongmunsan, Seoul, Suwon: v-x.1959-1999). CN: 1ex (Cheongyang: 20.v.1988). GB: 1ex (Daegu: 15.viii.1971). JN: 1ex (Is. Hongdo: 27.vi.1982). [HSU] CN: 1ex (9.vi.1997). [HNHM - NK] YG: 2ex (Hyesan: 22.vii.1975). Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Melolonthinae 133

PY: 1ex (Mt. Ryongaksan: 1.viii.1971). PN: 2ex (Sagampo: 24.v.1970). PN: 1ex (Sangsan: 8.vii.1977); 41ex (Pyeongyang city: 13-15.vi.1985); 40ex (30.vi.; 3.vii.1991). PY: 2ex (Micheon-ho: 3.vii.1988). WB: 1ex (Sariwon: 5.vii.1956). GW: 9ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: 4-7.viii.1975). GG: 1ex (Gaeseong: 29.vii.1982). MONTHLY COLLECTION: All Korean 513 specimens →iv-xi (iv- 26, v- 157, vi- 205, vii- 89, viii- 26, ix- 4, xi- 4 specimens). BIOLOGY: Murayama, 1954: 138-9; Kim and Kang, 1993: 415.

Genus Brahmina Blanchardt, 1850: 140. Hong-da-saeg-pung-deng-i-sog (홍다색풍뎅이속)

Antennae with 10 antennomeres including 3 antennomere club in both sexes. Pronotum covered with erect setae, with basal ridge usually continuous to lateral margin. Tarsal claw deeply divided. In Korea, 5 species were previously reported, but only 1 was verified from South Korean. North Korea has 1 species verified and another 3 species reported but not verified. Type species: Melolontha cylindrica Gyllenhal, 1817.

SPECIES 78 in Palaearctic Region (Löbl and Smetana, 2006) (3 in Korea, but 2 records doubtful). DISTRIBUTION: Most from the Oriental Region, a few in the Palaearctic Region, rare in the Manchurian Subregion. KEY REFERENCE: Murayama (1954), Kim (2001b).

Key to the species of genus Brahmina

1. Clypeus with anterior margin straight or weakly emarginate. Male antennal club slightly shorter than stalk ································································································································2 - Clypeus with anterior margin deeply emarginate. Male antennal club slender, as long as stalk·· ·································································································································B. excisiceps 2. Pronotum and scutellum covered with long, erect setae. Elytra with regular punctures ············· ···················································································································B. rubetra faldermanni - Scutellum covered with short, reclined setae············································································3 3. Pronotum with lateral sides with fine, sharp, saw blade-like teeth, punctures dense, including near basal angles. Propygidium with distinct transverse carina ·····························B. intermedia - Pronotum with lateral sides with large, widely separated saw blade-like teeth, with mixed large and small, punctures, puctures sparse near basal angles ··························································4 4. Elytral with large, shallow punctures; regular, short setae; lateral margins with longer setae basally with setae gradually getting shorted towards apex. Body length less than 16 mm·········· ·································································································································B. crenicollis - Elytral upper side with punctures deep, mixed with long setae, lateral margins with setae of equal length along entire margin. Body length greater than 16 mm ······························B. darcis 134 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

62. Brahmina rubetra faldermanni (Murayama, 1954) (Pls. 6-54, 14-54, 20-54) Hwal-deo-maen-hong-da-saeg-pung-deng-i (활더맨홍다색풍뎅이)

Melolontha rubetra Faldermann, 1935: 376. Brahmina faldermanni Kraatz, 1892: 309. Brahmina rubetra: Stebnicka, 1980: 264; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150. Brahmina (Brahminella) rubetra: Löbl and Smetana, 2006: 212. Brahmina rubetra faldermanni Murayama, 1954: 88. Brahmina rubetra faldermanni: Cho, 1969: 670 (Hwal-deo-maen-hong-da-saeg-P-D-I); Kim and Chang; 1987a: 104; Kim, 1993: 64; 2001: 25. TYPE LOCALITY: Manchuria, Korea (Pyeongyang).

Body reddish brown, dorsal side covered with long, erect setae. Pronotum, elytra and ventral side with similar setae. Antennal club length approximately equal to antennomeres 1-6 in males, shorter than antennomeres 1-5 in females. Clypeus transverse, with apical margin straight (weakly emarginated in male); punctures large, rough, dense, wrinkled. Pronotum wide, widest at medio- apically, with rows of punctures, puctures bearing setae; lateral margins with saw blade-shaped teeth that are fine, sharp, deeply concaved. Elytral punctures rough basally; not wrinkled (wrinkled in nominal subspecies). Ad: Thick, cylindrical. Basal piece rounded, narrowly projected basally. Median piece short, cylindrical; length half that of basal piece. Parameres with length 2.5 times length of basal piece, with outwardly projected outer lobe, forming triangular hook. BL: 9-11 mm. BW: 5-6 mm. LARVAE: Zhang, 1984: 84 (B. faldermanni).

DISTRIBUTION: Manchuria, Korea. KOREA: North, Central. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- 1♂ (Pyeongyang Mt. Moranbong: 22.vii.1922); 1ex (Mt. Myohyangsan: 9.viii.1959), SK- 1ex (Mt. Taebaeksan: 24.vii.1986, coll. Kim). SPECIMEN EXAMINED (50 specimens): [SWU] GG: 6ex (Is. Daecheongdo: vi, vii.1990). [NAAS] CB: 1ex (Jecheon: 30.vii.1998). [HNHM - NK] PY: 2ex (Mt. Myohyangsan: 17.viii.1956); 1ex (13.ix.1980); 33ex (Pyeongyang city: 16.vii.1975); 6ex (6-7.vii.1982). PY: 1ex (Mt. Ryongaksan: 27.vii.1982).

63. Brahmina intermedia (Mannerheim, 1849) Buk-bang-hong-da-saeg-pung-deng-i (북방홍다색풍뎅이)

Rhizotrogus intermedia Mannerheim, 1849: 238. Brahmina intermedia: Reitter, 1902: 180; Murayama, 1954: 90; Cho, 1957: 299; 1969: 670; KZS, 1968: 137 (Buk-bang-hong-da-saeg-P-D-I); Stebnicka, 1980: 207; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150; Lie et al., 1997: 63; Kim, 2001: 27. Brahmina intermedia sibirica Brenske, 1892: 89, 412 (E. Siberia): Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 55; Mura- yama, 1935: 20; 1937a: 35; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 66. TYPE LOCALITY: Mongolia. Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Melolonthinae 135

Body elongate oval, dark brown, shiny (except head and thorax). Dorsal surface brown; with punctures dense, mixed with micropunctures. Ventral surface covered with long, yellowish white setae. Head crescent shaped, with highly reflexed clypeal apical margin; punctures large, dense, wrinkled, each puncture bearing long, erect seta. Pronotum with all angles obtuse; lateral margins saw blade-shaped with fine, sharp projections, setae between each projection; punctures very large, deep, irregularly densegiving wrinkly appearance; setae long, yellowish. Propygidium with distinct transverse carina. BL: 15-17 mm. BW: 7-9 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Siberia, Manchuria, Korea. KOREA: North Korea. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB 2♂♂ (Sharei=Charyeong: viii.1922, Okamoto et al.: by Murayama, 1954). SPECIMEN EXAMINED: None.

64. Brahmina darcis Reitter, 1902 Da-reu-ki-seu-hong-da-saeg-pung-deng-i (다르키스홍다색풍뎅이)

Brahmina darcis Reitter, 1902: 180: Murayama, 1954: 95; Cho, 1969: 671 (Da-reu-ki-seu-hong-da-saeg- P-D-I); Stebnicka, 1980: 207; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150; Kim, 2001: 26. TYPE LOCALITY: Thibet (Kuku-noor).

Body long, widest near apex of elytra, color dark reddish brown, with long setae. Head relatively small, clypeus with transversal crescent-shaped form. Pronotum with lateral margins saw blade- like with realtively strong teeth, teeth wide but with narrowed intervals in males; not wide, without narrowed intervals in females; with very long setae between each tooth. Pronotal punctures strong, bearing very long setae. Scutellum with median carina very large, transverse; with punctures large, dense, lateral punctures bearing setae. Elytra basally with strong punctures mixed with long setae, lateral margins bearing row of setae of equal lengths. BL: 16-17.5 mm. BW: 8-9 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Tibet, Manchuria, Korea. KOREA: North Korea. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- PB Chosan (1♀, ix.1936, Bongsik PARK: Murayama, 1954). SPECIMEN EXAMINED: None.

Doubtful and Removes Species of Brahmina from the Korean Fauna

1. Brahmina crenicollis (Motschulsky, 1854) Bon-bang-hong-da-saeg-p-d-i (본방홍다색풍뎅이)

Ancylonycha crenicollis Motschulsky, 1854: 64: Reitter, 1902: 181; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 55; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 66; Murayama, 1954: 97; Cho, 1957: 299; 1969: 671 (Bon-bang-hong-da- 136 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

saeg-P-D-I); KZS, 1968: 137; Stebnicka, 1980: 207; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150; Kim, 2001b: 26; Löbl and Smetana, 2006: 212.

Body wide, elongate oval, widest near apex of elytra; blackish brown, shiny, with short setae on dorsal surface; antennae yellowish brown. Antennal club thick, short with length half that of stalk in males, shorter in females. Transverse carina of frontal part of head not well defined. Scutellum with short, reclined setae; without transverse carina. Pronotum lateral margins with large saw blade-like teeth, intervals between each tooth large; mixed large and small punctures near basal angles, punctures not completely connected. Elytral basally with punctures large, shallow; setae regular, short; lateral margins with a row of setae progressively shorter in length towards apex. Scutellum with indistinct transverse carina. BL: 13-16 mm. BW: 6.8-8 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Northern China. KOREA: Unknown. KOREAN RECORDS: Korea (Reitter, 1902). SPECIMEN EXAMINED: None. REMARKS: All records of this species in Korea originate from Reitter (1902), and the data on the specimens contradicts the publication. Therefore, it is prudent to remove this species from the Korean fauna.

2. Brahmina excisiceps Moser, 1915 Hong-da-saeg-p-d-i (홍다색풍뎅이)

Brahmina excisiceps Moser, 1915: 136, Korea (Seoul) and China (Ho-chan); Niijima and Kinoshita 1923: 55 (Seoul, Suwon); 1927: 22; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 66; Cho, 1957: 299; KZS, 1968: 137 (Hong-da-saeg-P-D-I); Stebnicka, 1980: 208 (B. excissiceps Murayama); ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150; Kim, 2001b: 27.

REMARKS: There is no evidence that this species occurs in Korea as no specimens have ever been seen (besides the type series). I doubt that the name is valid. Therefore, this name is remove from Korean fauna.

Genus Lasiopsis Erichson, 1848 Teol-bo-gal-saeg-pung-deng-i-sog (털보갈색풍뎅이속)

This genus is characterized as having antennae with 9 antennomeres and having tarsal claw deeply digged at near apex. Some authors dispute the validity of this genus and lump it in with other genera. In Korea, one species was reported after the year 1937 and verified with five speci- mens from South Korean. Stebnicka (1980) added a species (based on one specimen) from North Korea, that was mentioned by Murayama (1941), but not in Murayama (1954). Two species are treated here, because the authenticity of Stebnicka’s record has not yet been verified. Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Melolonthinae 137

Type species: Melolontha canica Zubokov, 1829.

SPECIES 15 in Palaearctic (Löbl and Smetana, 2006) (1 or 2 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Palaearctic Region (only ?). KEY REFERENCE: Murayama (1941, 1954), Stebnicka (1980), Kim (2001b).

Key to the species of genus Lasiopsis

1. Body long, yellowish brown. Frontal part of head with transverse carina thick, dull, obscured medially. Pronotum and elytra covered with very small, reclined setae. Metatasomeres 1 and 2 slender, long. Body length less than 12 mm ······························································L. sahlbergi - Body reddish brown. Frontal part of head with transverse carina low, fine, terminating medially. Pronotal setae long. Elytral and pygidial setae short, thick, reclined. Metatarsi long. Body length approximately 14 mm ···············································································L. manchuricus

65. Lasiopsis sahlbergi (Mannerheim, 1849) (Pls. 6-55, 14-55, 20-55) Sa-heul-be-reu-geu-teol-bo-gal-saeg-pung-deng-i (사흘베르그털보갈색풍뎅이)

Rhizotrogus sahlbergi Mannerheim, 1849: 239. Lasiopsis sahlbergi: Murayama, 1954: 79; Cho, 1963: 221; 1969: 670; Cho et al., 1968: 265; Kim et al., 1974b: 108; 1975: 241; 1982a: 155; Yoon and Kim, 1981: 47; Kim, 1993: 64; 1995b: 139; 2001b: 28 (Sa- heul-be-reu-gue-teol-bo-gal-saeg-P-D-I); 2002: 119; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150; Löbl and Smetana, 2006: 211. Lasiopsis formosanus Niijima and Kinoshita, 1927: 21, 83; Murayama, 1937a: 34; 1954: 80; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 66; Cho, 1957: 299; KZS, 1968: 137. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: L. formosanus=Dae-man-no-rang-P-D-I (KZS, 1968); L. sahlbergi=Jal-be- reu-geu-P-D-I (Cho, 1963), Sa-heul-be-reu-geu-P-D-I (Cho, 1969 and 4 others). TYPE LOCALITY: Dauria.

Body elongate oval, shiny, yellowish brown with deep reddish brown head, pale reddish brown thorax. Dorsal surface covered with short setae, ventral surface covered with long, dense setae. Head relatively small, with transverse carina of frontal area thick, dull, largely obscured medially. Clypeus with apical margin reflexed, weakly emarginate medially. Antennal club noticeably shorter than length of stalk in males, even shorter in females. Pronotum with punctures small, dense; bearing yellow, short, reclined setae. Elytra long, with length more than 2 times pronotal width; with 3 slender longitudinal carinae; with setae very short, fine, reclined in upper side; lateral margin with row of long setae. Metatarsomeres 1 and 2 slender, long. Ad: Long, cylindrical. Basal piece triangular, narrowed basally. Median piece moderately long. Parameres simple, with apex sharp, inclined. LPMB=about 2:1:3. BL: 11-12 mm. BW: 5.5 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Taiwan, Manchuria, eastern Siberia, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: SK- GW Mt. Odaesan, GS Seoul, Byeokje, JBN Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Jirisan Jungsalli, GN- Mt. Gayasan Temp. Hae-insa, Temp. Yongchusa (? Hamyang), JJ Jejudo. 138 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

SPECIMEN EXAMINED (12 specimens): [SWU] GW: 1ex (Buyeon valley Mt. Odaesan: 19.viii.2001). GN: 1ex (Mt. Jirisan Jungsalli: 31.viii.1981). ?: 1ex (Temp. Yongchusa: 1.vii.1985). [EWU] GS: 1ex (Byeokje: 16.vi.1973). JJ: 1ex (12.vi.1973). [HNHM - NK] 3ex (Pyeongyang city: 7.vii.1982); 1ex (3.vii.1991). PY: 3ex (Micheon-ho: 3.vii.1988).

66. Lasiopsis manchuricus Murayama, 1941 Man-ju-teol-bo-gal-saeg-pung-deng-i (만주털보갈색풍뎅이)

Lasiopsis manchuricus Murayama, 1941: 75: Stebnicka, 1980: 264; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150 (Man-ju- no-rang-P-D-I); Kim, 2001b: 28 (Man-ju-teol-bo-gal-saeg-P-D-I); Löbl and Smetana, 2006: 211 (L. manchurica). TYPE LOCALITY: Manchuria (Okcheon).

Body elongate elliptic, reddish brown, shiny; entirely covered with reclined, short, small setae and long, yellow, easily abraded setae. Dorsal surface with mixed long and short setae, long setae erect and reclined. Ventral setae same color as dorsal setae; setae on head and thorax yellow, smooth, long, dense. Head relatively large, with frontal carina transverse, low, fine, obscured medially. Clypeus with large punctures, lateral margins strongly refexed. Antennal club very short. Pronotum with punctures large, shallow, bearing long brownish setae, with lateral setae erect. Elytra length 2.5 times width of pronotum, weakly shiny; with 4 longitudinal, shallow carina; punc- tures large, rough, wrinkled. Pygidial setae short, thick, reclined. Metatarsi long. BL: 14 mm. BW: 6.5 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Manchuria, Korea. KOREA: North Korea. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- PN 1♂(Sunan Junha-ri: 13.ix.1970, Bielawaki and Mrocskowski: by Steb- nicka, 1980). SPECIMEN EXAMINED: None.

Genus Pseudosymmchia Dalla Torre, 1913: 224. Go-ryeo-no-rang-pung-deng-i-sog (고려노랑풍뎅이속)

Metabolus Fairmaire, 1887. Ablotemus Paulsen and Smith, 2003.

The genus Pseudosymmachia is characterized by head with a transverse carina basal to vertex; antennae with 9 antennomeres including 3 antennomere clubs in both sexes; pronotum has a basal ridge on each side; tarsal claw with a tooth, elevated at a right angle mediobasally. Paulsen and Smith (2003) proposed the name Ablotemus to replace the generic name Metabolus, which is a junior homonym. Later, Smetana and Smith (2006) later synonymized both names under Pseudosymmachia. In Korea, several names have been recorded. Only one name is valid while the Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Melolonthinae 139 other reports are either of synonymized names or due to errors. Type species: Symmachia chinensis Brenske, 1892.

SPECIES none examined (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Asia (only ?). KEY REFERENCE: Paulsen and Smith (2003), Smetana and Smith (2006).

67. Pseudosymmchia impressifrons (Fairmaire, 1887) (Pls. 6-56, 14-56, 20-56) Go-ryeo-no-rang-pung-deng-i (고려노랑풍뎅이)

Metabolus impressifrons Fairmaire, 1887: 316: KSPP, 1972: 207; Stebnicka, 1980: 208; Kim, 2001b: 29. Pseudosymmchia impressifrons: Löbl and Smetana, 2006: 212. Metalobus (misspelling) impressifrons: Kim et al., 1991e: 66; 1991e: 179; 1997: 233; 2004: 116; Kim, 1993: 65; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150. Rhizotrogus niponicus Lewis, 1895: 399: Arrow, 1913: 399; Okamoto, 1924: 174; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 67; Cho, 1957: 299; Nomura, 1960; KZS, 1968: 137. Miridiva koreana Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 40 (Suwon); Okamoto, 1924: 173; Maruta, 1929: 367; KZS, 1968: 137; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 67; Murayama, 1954: 83; Cho, 1957: 299; Nomura, 1960; Cho et al., 1968: 264; Kim et al., 1972b: 197; 1976: 102; 1982b: 276; Nam and Kim, 1982: 129. Miridiva coreana (misspelling): Eguchi, 1932: 51; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150. Miridiba koreana (error): Cho, 1969: 671 (Go-ryeo-no-rang-P-D-I); Kim et al., 1972b: 197; 1976: 102; 1982b: 276; Stebnicka, 1980: 265; Yoon and Kim, 1981: 47; Nam and Kim, 1982: 129. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Rh. niponicus=Ae-bam-saeg-P-D-I (KZS, 1968); Mir. koreana=Go-ryeo-no- rang-P-D-I (Cho, 1969 and 12 others), Cham-no-rang-P-D-I (Cho, 1963 and two others); Met. impres- sifrons=Cham-no-rang-P-D-I (KSPP, 1972). TYPE LOCALITY: Peiking, China.

Moderately large species relative to other Rhizotrogina. Body thick, oval, yellowish brown, dorsal surface nearly yellow; punctures large, irregular; ventral surface of thorax with long, yellow setae. Head rugose; with small, sparse punctures. Clypeus short, wide, narrowed apically, with reflexed. Vertex with a transverse carina basally. Antennae with 9 antennomeres including 3 antennomere club. Elytra with punctures dense, finer than those of pronotum. Tarsal claws with a tooth projected at right angles mediobasally. Abdominal sternites smooth, except medially where punctures bear short setae. Ad: Basal and median piece fused with indistinguishable suture, tapered basally. Parameres with length approximately equal to length of basal and median piece combined, with dorsal and ventral side simple, ventral side with apex curved in right angle in lateral view. BL: 10-15 mm, BW: 6-8 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: China, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- M. koreana=HN Anbyun, PB Ganggye, PN Pyeongyang Mt. Daeseongsan, WH Sariwon, GW Sepo, SK- GW Girin, Mt. Chiaksan Temp. Guryongsa, Hwacheon, Gangchon, GS Mt. Soyosan, Byeokje, Ilryeong, Mt. Myeongjisan, Pocheon, Mt. Cheonmasan, Gwangneung, Seoul 140 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

(17 st), Mt. Surisan, Namhansanseong, Suwon, CB Chungju, Jochiwon, Mt. Soknisan, GBN Yeongju, Temp. Hae-insa, JN Mt. Jirisan Piagol, Mt. Jirisan Temp. Yeongoksa, Gwangju, Mokpo, Haenam, JJ Mt. Hallasan; M. impressifrons=SK- GW Goseong, Mt. Seolaksan, Daegwallyeong, Hongcheon, Chuncheon, GS Paju, Goyang-G, Gapyeong-G, Pocheon-G, Namyangju-G, Yangpyeong, Mt. Yong- munsan, Icheon, Gwangju, Paldang, Seoul, Yong-in, Anyang, Suwon, Is. Ganghwado, Anseong, Pyeongtaek, CB Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Soknisan, Cheongwon, Mt. Gyeryongsan, GBN Buryeong, Mt. Unmunsan, Busan, JBN Buan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Yeocheon, Is. Ando, JJ Jejudo. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (847 specimens): [SWU] GW: 1ex (Mt. Seolaksan: 3.vii.1993). GS: 1ex (Paldang: 10.viii.1980); 37ex (Seoul 8 st, Suwon: vi-x.1979-1998); 8ex (Seonbuk-gu Dongseon-dong: vi-viii. 2003-2007); 1ex (Mt. Bug-aksan: 14.vi.2009). CB: 1ex (Mt. Mt. Gyemeongsan: 17.vi.2003); 1ex (Wolaksan: 12.vii.1991). GB: 1ex (Mt. Biseulsan: 10.vii.2000). JBN: 4ex (Buan, Yeocheon, Is. Wando: v-x.1982-1998). JJ: 1ex (27.vi.1994). [NAAS] GS: 180ex (Suwon: iv-x.1921-1996). JJ: 2ex (vi, vii. 1975, 1987). [SNU] GW: 2ex (Chuncheon: ix.1993); 1ex (Daegwallyeong: 24.vii.1974). GS: 359ex (Paju, Is. Ganghwado, Namyangju-G, Yangpyeong, Icheon, Gwangju, Anyang, Suwon, Yong-in, Anseong: iv-x.1965-1997). CNB: 7ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Soknisan, Cheongwon, Mt. Gyeryongsan: vi-ix.1989-1995). JBN: 26ex (Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan: vi-vii.1969-1997). JJ: 2ex (13.vii.1993). [KU] GW: 4ex (Goseong: vi-vii.1979); 3ex (Hongcheon: vi.1984-1994). GS: 23ex (Namyangju-G, Mt. Yongmunsan, Seoul (3 st), Yong-in, Pyeongtaek: v-vii.1934-1990). GB: 43ex (Bulyeong valley, Mt. Unmunsan, Busan: vi.1961-1990). JBN: 3ex (Mt. Jirisan: vi-vii.1976). [EWU] GW: 1ex (Girin: 12.viii.1971). GS: 89ex (Pocheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Goyang, Seoul, Suwon, Gwangju: v-vii.1955- 1988). JN: 1ex (Mt. Duryunsan: 6.vii.1991). JJ: 1ex (12.vii.1973). [HSU] CN: 1ex (Seosan: 23.vi.1994). [HNHM - NK] HB: 1ex (Cheongjin: 5.vi.1991); 1ex (Pyeongyang city: 6-7.vii.1982); 1ex (26.v.1985); 2ex (6.vi.; 3.vii.1991). WB: 25ex (Sariwon: 5.vii.1956). GW: 1ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: 17.vi.1985); 1ex (Mt. Tschonbonsan ?: 1.vii.1956); 2ex (Kuson and Tschondtsin ?: 1-29.vii.1956); 5ex (Chon-Ge- Charzon Wald ?: 12.viii.1956). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 720 specimens →iv-x (iv- 7, v- 48, vi- 440, vii- 194, viii- 210, ix- 6, x- 4 specimens). BIOLOGY: Murayama, 1935: 196; 1938a: 259-264; Saito, 1928: 12.

Genus Miridiba Reitter, 1902: 170. Bam-saeg-pung-deng-i-sog (밤색풍뎅이속)

This genus is characterized by tarsal claws with a tooth projected at right angles mediobasally. Coca-Abia (2008) transferred eight species to this genus from the genera Holotrichia, Melolontha, and Neodontocnema. In Korea, one species was recorded in four different generic names including a misspelling. Type species: Rhizotrogus trichophorus Fairmaire, 1891.

SPECIES 27 (Coca-Abia, 2008) (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Palaearctic Region. KEY REFERENCE: Heyden (1887), Hoikusha (1956), Coca-Abia (2008). Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Melolonthinae 141

68. Miridiba castanea (Waterhouse), 1875 Bam-saeg-pung-deng-i (밤색풍뎅이)

Holotrichia castanea Waterhouse, 1875: 104: Okamoto, 1924: 173 (Saishuto=Jejudo); Morita, 1936: 860 (Gunsan: doubtful); Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 63; Cho, 1957: 298; Stebnicka, 1980: 208; KZS, 1968: 137. Lachnosterna (Holotrichia) castanea: Heyden, 1887: 251. Holotrichia (Pledina) castanea: Niijima and Kimoshita, 1923: 44; Lie et al., 1997: 66. Miridiba castanea: Cho, 1969: 672; Stebnicka, 1980: 208; Kobayashi, 1982a: 4; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150; Kim, 2001b: 30. Miridiva castanea (misspelling): Murayama, 1954: 85; Cho, 1963: 218 (Bam-saeg-P-D-I); Cho et al., 1968: 264. Neodontocnema castanea (misidentification): Kim et al., 1971: 160; KSPP, 1972: 208. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: No-rang-P-D-I (Cho, 1969). TYPE LOCALITY: Japan (Kawachi).

Body elongate oval, shiny yellowish brown, completely covered with dense punctures. Elytra wider near apex, without any carinae except elytral sutures. Clypeus short, wide, roundly tapered apically, weakly reflexed margins, with weakly emarginate apical margin. Antennae with 9 anten- nomeres including 3 antennomere club in both sexes; club shorter than stalk in males, even shorter in females. Pronotum with dense punctures; with ridge apically and laterally. Metatibia slender with some punctures and setae; spur large, movable, bearing 5 small teeth externally at base. Last abdominal sternite with a transverse carina at near anterior margin, covered with long setae. BL: 18-22 mm. BL: 10-11.5 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: China, Amur, Korea, Japan. KOREA: South Korea ?, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: SK- Jejudo (Okamoto, 1924; Cho, 1965; Kobayashi, 1982a), Gunsan (Morita, 1936); Mt. Sogeumgang (Kim and Kim, 1971: recorded by a misidentification of a Holotrichia species). SPECIMEN EXAMINED: [SWU] JJ: 2♀♀ (Wudo Buk-Jeju: 5.vi.2005). [EWU] JJ: 1♀ (Jeju Hallim: 8.vii.1965).

Genus Sophrops Fairmaire 1887: 106. Gal-saeg-jul-pung-deng-i-sog (갈색줄풍뎅이속)

Morphological characters defining this genus include: cylindrical body, setae absent, antennae with 10 antennomeres including 3 antennomere club, eyes exposed basally, and elytra with longi- tudinal carina. In Korea, two species have been recorded. Type species: Sophrops parviceps Fairmaire, 1887.

SPECIES 38 in Palaearctic (Löbl and Smetana, 2006) (2 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Palaearctic Region (only ?). 142 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Key to the species of genus Sophrops

1. Clypeus with apical margin deeply emarginate medially, laterally with 2 round leaf-shaped structures. Protibia without inner spine. Claws with projected, right angled tooth······S. striata - Clypeal apical margin shallowly emarginate. Protibia with large inner spine. Claws with slender, angled, sharp tooth ·····································································································S. heydeni

69. Sophrops heydeni (Brenske, 1892) (Pls. 6-57, 14-57, 20-57) Ha-i-den-gal-saeg-jul-pung-deng-i (하이덴갈색줄풍뎅이)

Brahmina heydeni Brenske, 1892: 108. Sophrops heydeni: Reitter, 1902: 173; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1927: 25; Maruta, 1929: 368; Murayama, 1935: 4; 1937a: 34; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 92; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 67; Murayama, 1954: 101; Cho, 1957: 299; 1963: 221; 1969: 672; Cho et al., 1968: 265; KZS, 1968: 137; Kim et al., 1972a: 84; 1974b: 108; 1982a: 155; 1982b: 276; 1985: 105; Kim, 1978: 342; Stebnicka, 1980: 264; Yoon and Nam, 1979: 150; 1990b: 110; Kim et al., 1987b: 223; 1991: 66; 1996b: 127; 1999: 129; 2001: 132; 2004: 116; Kim, 1993: 64; 1995b: 139; 1996c: 174; 2001b: 31 (Ha-i-den-gal-saeg-jul-P-D-I); Park et al., 1993: 178; Park and Kim, 1993: 113; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Ha-i-den-P-D-I (Cho, 1963 and 10 others), Ha-i-den-jul-P-D-I (Kim, 1978; Yoon and Nam, 1979). TYPE LOCALITY: Korea.

Body nearly cylindrical, lustrous, yellowish brown, head usually black, clypeus and pronotum dark reddish brown. Clypeus transversally wide, with apical margin weakly emaginate; punctures large, round, dense, wrinkled. Frontal punctures same size as clypeal punctures, but denser. Antennae with 10 antennomeres; 3 antennomere club slender, slightly shorter than stalk in males, approximately half length of stalk in females. Pronotum with punctures large, dense, wrinkled. Elytra length nearly 2 times that of pronotal width; with 4 longitudinal carinae, carinae very slender, obscured apically; punctures very large, shallow, especially basally. Ad: Very thick. Basal and median piece simple. Parameres short, with each outer lobe rounded in dorsal view; very large, sharp, ventral projection in lateral view. LPMB=about 1.2:1:0.5. BL: 10-11 mm, BW: 5-6 mm. LARVAE: Zhang, 1984: 80.

DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Siberia, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Kyeongseong, Sinheung-ri, HN Hamheung, Sun-an Temp. Seokwang- sa, PB Jeongju, PN Sun-an, Mt. Baeksan, WB Sariwon, GW Mt. Geumgangsan, SK- About 200 specimens from about 70 sites from 60 regions in the mountains, plains and islands across the entire country including Seoul (Mt. Namsan, U-i-dong). SPECIMEN EXAMINED (151 specimens): [SWU] KW: 4ex (Inje, Gangneung: vii, viii.1995-2000). GS: 6ex (Is. Baeknyeongdo, Paju, Seoul, Gwangju: vii-ix.1987-1996). CBN: 8ex (Chungju, Mt. Gye- myeongsan, Jewon-G, Is. Anmyeondo, Cheonan, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Mt. Mansusan: vii,viii.1976- 2000). GBN: 2ex (Mt. Seondalsan: 29.vi-2.vii.1998); 13ex (Munkyeong, Yecheon, Bonghwa, Mt. Juwangsan, Pohang, Daegu, Changwon: vii, viii.1977-1998). JBN: 6ex (Mt. Naejangsan, Namwon, Mt. Baekwunsan, Yeocheon: vii, viii.1991-1998). [NAAS] NK: 2ex (Mt. Baekamsan: 10.ix.1921); 1ex Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Melolonthinae 143

(Mt. Geumgangsan: 25.vii.1924). GG: 17ex (Suwon: v-ix.1922-1996). CB: 1ex (Goesan: 8.ix.1998). GBN: 2ex (Mt. Seondalsan: 2.vii.1998); 2ex (Bonghwa: viii.1993). JN: 3ex (Gwangyang: viii.1994- 1998). [SNU] GS: 5ex (Gwangneung, Suwon: vii-ix.1929, 1958-1996). JBN: 11ex (Mt. Jirisan: vii.1969- 1982). JJ: 3ex (vii.1971). [KU] KW: 1♂ (Hongcheon: vii.1928). GS: 32ex (Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Cheonmasan, Geumgok, Mt. Yongmunsan, Seoul, Mt. Cheongkyesan: vi-viii.1974-1990). CN: 9ex (Mt. Chilgabsan, Mt. Cheongryangsan, Mt. Gyeryongsan: vii, viii.1973-1990). GBN: 3ex (Munkyeong, Mt. Juwangsan: vii.1977, 1984). JBN: 5ex (Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Duryunsan: vii-viii.1973, 1976). JJ: 1♂ (Baegrokdam: 3.viii.1955). [EWU] GW: 1ex (Mt. Sobaeksan: 29.vii.1983). GS: 11ex (Seoul, Anyang, Pyeongtaek: iv-x.1954-1997). GB: 1ex (Yeongcheon: 1.viii.1966). [HNHM - NK] GW: 1ex (Mt. Geum- gangsan: 10.vii.1977). BIOLOGY: Nakayama and Okamoto, 1940: 200.

70. Sophrops striata (Brenske, 1892) (Pls. 6-58, 14-58, 20-58) Hwang-gal-saeg-jul-pung-deng-i (황갈색줄풍뎅이)

Brahmina striata Brenske, 1892: 112. Sophrops striata: Niijima and Kinoshita, 1927: 24; Maruta, 1929: 368; Murayama, 1935: 4; 1937a: 34; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 67; Murayama, 1954: 99; Cho, 1957: 299; 1969: 672 (Hwang-gal-saeg-jul-P- D-I); KZS, 1968: 137; Kim et al., 1972b: 197; 1974b: 108; 1975: 242; 1982a: 155; 1982b: 276; 1984a: 103; 1984b: 328; 1985: 105; Kim, 1978: 341; Shin, 1979: 144; Stebnicka, 1980: 265; Kim, 1981: 344; 1993: 64; 2000: 132; 2001b: 32; Kim et al., 1987a: 104; 1991e: 66; 1994b: 111; 1996b: 127; 1997: 233; 1998: 170; 2001: 132; 2002: 120; 2006: 36; Yoon et al., 1990b: 110; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Jul-P-D-I (Kim and Nam, 1982b and 4 others), Ha-i-den-jul-P-D-I (KZS, 1968). TYPE LOCALITY: China.

Body elongate cylindrical, weakly shiny, brown with head and pronotum reddish brown to blackish brown, ventral surface and legs dark brown. Clypeus short, wide, with apical margin deeply emarginate medially, lateroapical margins forming 2 round, leaf-shaped structures; punctures large, round, connected. Antennae with 10 antennomeres; 3 antennomere club slightly longer than stalk in males, approximately half length of stalk in females. Pronotum with rows of punctures near basal margin; large, irregular rows on disc; lateral sides with weak saw blade- shaped form with small, short, setae in rows. Elytra very long, length nearly 2 times that of pronotal width, with 4 longitudinal carinae. Ad: Short, thickened, cylindrical. Basal piece simple, slightly curved, with reflexed basal part forming rim. Median piece thickened in 3 parts, expanded basally, slightly longer than basal piece. Parameres very short, with ventral projection enlarged, thick, forming sharp nail-shaped structure. BL: 11.5-14 mm, BW: 5-6 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: China, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HN Temp. Seokwangsa, PY Gangseo Daeseong-ri, PN Anju, WH Sariwon, Mt. Suyangsan, GW Mt. Geumgangsan, ?- Seoncheon, SK- More than 1,100 specimens from about 90 sites from 70 regions in the mountains, plains and islands across the entire country including Seoul (20 sites). 144 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

SPECIMEN EXAMINED (957 specimens): [SWU] GW: 7ex (Inje, Pyeongchang, Hongcheon, Chuncheon, Wonju, Bukpyeong: iv-vi.1984-1999); 2ex (Buyeon valley Mt. Odaesan: 20.vi.2001). GS: 131ex (Yeoncheon, Goyang, Yangju-G, Gapyeong-G, Namyangju-G, Mt. Yongmunsan, Seoul 7 st, Yong- in, Anyang, Seongnam, Suwon, Pyeongtaek: iv-viii.1971-2000). CBN: 13ex (Goesan, Chungju, Mt. Gwangdeoksan, Mt. Mansusan, Daejeon: iv-vii.1994-1999). GBN: 42ex (Munkyeong, Uljin, Mt. Ilwolsan, Mt. Juwangsan, Andong, Daegu, Cheongdo, Sacheon, Changnyeong, Yangsan: v-vii.1986- 1999). JBN: 32ex (Muju, Gochang, Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan: iv-vi.1987-1999). [NAAS] NK: 2ex (Mt. Baekamsan: vi.1923). GW: 1ex (Daegwallyeong: viii.1987); 1ex (Hoengseong: 31.v.1987). GS: 52ex (Gwangneung, Suwon: iv-vi.1914-1996). CBN: 7ex (Goesan: v.1991); 1ex (Seosan: 12.iv.1990). GBN: 5ex (Andong: viii.1988). [SNU] GW: 1ex (Mt. Seolaksan: 12.v.1992); 1ex (Mt. Chiaksan: 11.vi.1988). GS: 265ex (Paju, Pocheon, Gapyeong, Namyangju-G, Seoul 3 st, Seong- nam, Yong-in, Anyang, Suwon, Anseong: iv-ix.1957-1996). CB: 5ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Cheongju: v- vi.1990-1992); 2ex (Chungju (Mts. Gyemyeongsan and Namsan): 24.viii, 27.ix.2000). GN: 2ex (Is. Songdo: vi.1991). JBN: 16ex (Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan: vi.1988-1997). JJ: 3ex (vi.1988). [KU] NK: 1ex (Bocheonbo: vii.1926). GW: 3ex (Goseong, Mt. Odaesan, Hwacheon: vi.1979-1996). GS: 58ex (Gapyeong, Illyeong, Gwangneung, Mt. Cheonmasan, Mt. Wangbangsan, Mt. Unkilsan, Mt. Bulamsan, Seoul, Mt. Cheongkyesan, Gwangju, Namhansanseong: iv-vi.1961-1991). CBN: 5ex (Mt. Soknisan, Chungju, Seosan, Mt. Gyeryongsan: iv, v.1966-1986). GBN: 9ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Mt. Hwanghaksan, Bulyeong: v, vi.1978-1990). JBN: 50ex (Muju, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Duryunsan, Mt. Jogyesan: v, vi.1972-1993). [EWU] GW: 8ex (Jinburyeong, Mt. Chiaksan, Buk- pyeong, Gangchon: v-viii.1965-1989). GS: 109ex (Gapyeong-G, Yangju-G, Seoul, Suwon, Seong- nam, Icheon, Is. Ganghwado, Is. Jakyakdo: iv-vi.1955-1999). CBN: 2ex (Cheongju, Yesan: vi, vii.1964, 1970). GN: 1ex (Is. Geojedo: 23.vi.1964). JN: 2ex (Mt. Jirisan, Is. Wando: v, viii.1959, 1981). [HSU] CN: 118ex (Seosan-G: iv-vi.1994-1997). [HNHM - NK] PN: 1ex (Sagampo: 24.v.1970). GW: 1ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: 29.v.1970); 3ex(1.vi.1970); 2ex (26.v.1985); 1ex(13.vi.1991). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 711 specimens →iv-ix (iv- 43, v- 373, vi- 270, vii- 9, viii- 13, ix- 3 specimens). BIOLOGY: Murayama, 1938: 259.

Genus Holotrichia Hope, 1837: 100. Geom-jeong-pung-deng-i-sog (검정풍뎅이속)

Eretusa Reitter, 1902. Eotrichia Medvedev, 1951.

Species in this genus are generally large in size. The antennae have 10 antennomeres with the length of club shorter than the length of the stalk in both sexes. The clypeus has an apical margin emarginate in most species. The eyes are partially hidden along the inner edge and basal section. The tarsal claws have a large, curved, sharp tooth. In Korea, 15 specific names have been recorded in three genera. Specimens examined for this study verified only eight species, with five names either due to synonymies or misidentifications and two others are doubtful records of valid species that are include in the key. Type species: Melolontha serrata Fabricius, 1792. Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Melolonthinae 145

SPECIES 125 in Palaearctic (Löbl and Smandana, 2006) (10 in Korea including 2 doubtful records). DISTRIBUTION: Palaearctic Region. KEY REFERENCE: Arrow (1913), Heyden (1887), Bates (1888), Chang (1965), Kim (2000, 2001b).

Key to the species of genus Holotrichia

1. Body elongate oval to elliptic, black to reddish brown. Elytral tegument thick, with some distinct carinae. Generally shorter than 20 mm ····················································································2 - Body large, broad, pale to reddish brown, ventral side pale brown. Elytral tegument thin, pale brown, weakly iridescence, with some longitudinal carinae slender, uniformed. Male antennal club length approximately half length of stalk. Pronotal punctures very small, shallow, sparse. Pygidium large, surrounded with distinct rim in male, peaked in female; disc elevated apically on disc; punctures very small, shallow, sparse························································H. niponensis 2. Apical ridge of pronotum with a row of setae ··········································································3 - Apical ridge of pronotum without setal row ············································································6 3. Black, occasionally dark to reddish brown, ventral surface weakly iridescence or velvety whitish blue. Pronotal punctures ellipsoid, very large, sparse to wrinkled ····························H. parallela - Dorsal surface lustrous, ventral surface not iridescent······························································4 4. Body long, cylindrical, greater than 17 mm length, reddish to dark brown, strongly lustrous. Tarsi slender, very long; internal tooth of claws apically split ··································H. koraiensis - Body short, broad, length 15-18 mm, black or sometimes reddish brown. Tarsi not slender, or long··········································································································································5 5. Clypeus with apical margin strongly sinuate. Antennal club short in both sexes. Pronotal apical ridge with setae very long, dense; discal punctures small, dense. Internal tooth of claws apical split. Pygidium triangular, weakly conves medailly; with small, distinct punctures (finer, denser in females)······················································································································H. picea - Clypeus with apical margin moderately sinuate. Antennal club slightly shorter than stalk in males, shorter than half length of stalk in females. Pronotum smooth, shiny; apical ridge with less than 10 setae; punctures distinct, slightly ellipsoid, sparse. Internal tooth of claws right angled. Pygidium large, triangular, convex medially; punctures sparse, very small, shallow ····· ·····································································································································H. ernesti 6. Pygidial basal rim not visible dorsally, obscured by strongly convex basal disc························7 - Pygidial basal rim visible from above, disc convex medially or more towards apex ·················8 7. Black, lustrous, rarely dark to reddish brown. Pygidial basal rim with a deep, large longitudinal furrow, weak in females. Male antennal club shorter than stalk. Pronotal punctures very large, sparse ····················································································································H. diomphalia - Brown to reddish brown, with strong luster. Pygidial furrow absent. Pronotal punctures small, more dense. Male antennal club length equal to stalk···················································H. oblita 8. Body dark brown, with strong luster. Pronotal punctures minute, shallow, elliptic, reticulate; elytral punctures small, sparse. Tarsi slender, very long; internal tooth of claws very short, weakly split apically ································································································H. reticulata - Pronotal punctures large, sparse, irregular. Length of tarsi and shape of claw normal·············9 9. Black to brownish black. Pronotal apical margin straight. Male antennal club length approxi- mately equal to length of stalk. Internal tooth of claw right angled. Pygidium semicircular, basal rim straight, convex medially or anteromedially, with some small punctures ··········H. kiotoensis - Dark to deep brown. Apical and basal margin of pronotum weakly extended. Internal tooth of 146 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

claw deeply split apically. Male antennal club slightly shorter than stalk. Pygidial basal rim round; disc convex near basal margin; punctures large, sparse·································H. sichotana

71. Holotrichia niponensis (Lewis, 1895) (Pls. 6-59, 14-59, 20-59) Keun-da-saeg-pung-deng-i (큰다색풍뎅이)

Lachnosterna niponensis Lewis, 1895: 398. Lachnosterna nipponensis Murayama (error in author): Stebnicka, 1980: 207. Holotrichia niponensis: Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 54; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 64; Cho, 1957: 298; KZS, 1968: 137; Kim et al., 1991e: 66; 2001: 132; 2005: 79; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150 (Keun-da-saeg- P-D-I); Kim, 2000a: 15; 2001b: 36. Holotrichia titanis Reitter, 1901: 178: Niijima and Kinoshita, 1927: 18; Maruta, 1929: 368; Kamijo, 1932: 21; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 65; Murayama, 1954: 111; Cho, 1957: 299; 1963: 218; 1969: 668; Cho et al., 1968: 264; KZS, 1968: 137; Kim and Kim, 1972b: 84; Kim and Nam, 1977a: 264; 1977b: 130; 1982b: 276; 1984a: 103; 1984b: 328; Nam and Kim, 1982: 129; Yoon and Nam, 1990b: 110; Park et al., 1993: 178; Lie et al., 1997: 66. Lachnosterna titanis: Nomura, 1960: 65; KSPP, 1972: 207; Kim, 1978: 337; Yoon and Nam, 1979: 149; Kim and Nam, 1982b: 276. Eotrichia titanis: Yoon and Nam, 1979: 149; Stebnicka, 1980: 270; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150; Kim, 1995b: 139; Kim and Kim, 1996b: 127. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: H. niponensis=Il-bon-P-D-I (KZS, 1968); H. titanis=Da-saeg-P-D-I (Cho, 1963), Keun-da-saeg-P-D-I (KZS, 1968 and 12 others), Keun-da-saeg-jul-P-D-I (Cho, 1969; Kim and Nam, 1977a), Wang-geom-jeong-P-D-I (ESK and KSAE, 1994). TYPE LOCALITY: Korea (Fusan=Busan), Japan (Nagasaki, Goto Islands).

Body largest species of Korean Holotrichia, dorsal surface pale brown to reddish brown, ventral surface paler. Elytra with thin tegument, with pale brown iridescence. Head with dense punctures. Clypeus with apical margin emarginated, reflexed. Antennae with 10 antennomeres including 3 antennomere club, club length half that of stalk in males. Pronotal punctures small, shallow, spar- sely distributed. Pygidium very convex especially apically, rim distinct; punctures very small, sparsely distributed; apex large in males, weakly sharp in females. Ad: Very large, simple, median piece obscured. Basal piece short but very wide. Parameres short but very wide, outer lobes rounded, thickly connected ventrobasally, apex thin. BL: 17.5-22.5 mm. BW: 10-12 mm. LARVAE: Murayama, 1931: 45 (H. titanis); Medvedev, 1952: 111 (H. titanis).

DISTRIBUTION: China, eastern Siberia, Korea, Japan (Kyushu). KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: H. titanis=NK- HB Kyeongseong, HN Hamheung, Hyesanjin, PB Shineuiju, PN Sun-an (Seok-am), Gangseo (Daeseong), Pyeongyang Mt. Daeseongsan, Maengsan, WH Gae- seong, Haeju; SK- 35 region regions in the mountains, the plains and the islands of the whole counties including Seoul (18 counties=dong); H. niponensis=NK- PN- Maengsan, SK- GW Gang- neung, Mt. Seolaksan, Inje, Gangchon, Hongcheon, GS Goyang, Pocheon, Gapyeong-G, Nam- yangju-G, Yangpyeong, Seoul, Anyang, Suwon, Is. Ganghwado, Is. Jakyakdo, CBN- Mt. Wolaksan, Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Melolonthinae 147

Chungju, Hongseong, Daejeon, JB Muju, Namwon, Mt. Naejangsan, JJ Jejudo. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (213 specimens): [SWU] PN: 1♂ (Maengsan: 9.viii.1935). GW: 1ex (Inje: 12.vi.1997); 1ex (Mt. Seolaksan: 28.v.1987). GS: 30ex (Goyang, Pocheon, Gapyeong-G, Namyangju- G, Yangpyeong, Seoul, Suwon: iv-viii.1961-2000). CBN: 3ex (Chungju, Mt. Wolaksan, Daejeon: v- vii.1991-1999). JB: 2ex (Muju: v.1993). JJ: 2ex (v, vii.1994, 1997). [NAAS] GS: 5ex (Seoul, Suwon: iii-v.1927-1993). [SNU] GS: 40ex (Goyang, Seoul, Anyang, Suwon: iii-vi.1967-1991). CB: 1ex (Mt. Wolaksan: 19.vi.1992). JB: 1ex (Namwon: 18.v.1991). JJ: 5ex (iv, v.1985-1995). [KU] GW: 4ex (Mt. Seolaksan, Hongcheon, Gangneung: vi, v.1977-1995). GS: 30ex (Pocheon, Namyangju-G, Seoul: iv-vii.1931, 1957-1995). CN: 2ex (Hongseong: v.1986). JB: 3ex (Muju, Mt. Naejangsan: v, vii.1972, 1985). JJ: 6ex (v-viii.1955-1989). [EWU] GW: 1ex (Gangchon: 31.v.1983). GS: 74ex (Gapyeong-G, Seoul, Is. Ganghwado, Is. Jakyakdo: iv-ix.1956-1987). JJ: 1ex (8.v.1965). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 196 specimens →iii-ix (iii- 4, iv- 56, v- 95, vi- 25, vii- 7, viii- 6, ix- 3 specimens). BIOLOGY: Murayama, 1935: 196; 1938a: 259-264; Kim and Kang, 1993: 415 (H. titanis).

72. Holotrichia parallela (Motschulsky, 1854) (Pls. 6-60, 7-60, 14-60, 20-60) Keun-geom-jeong-pung-deng-i (큰검정풍뎅이)

Ancylonycha parallela Motschulsky, 1854: 64. Lachnosterna parallela: Kolbe, 1886: 193; Heyden, 1887: 251. Holotrichia parallela: Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 64; Cho, 1957: 298; KZS, 1968: 137; Stebnicka, 1980: 297; Kim et al., 1991e: 67; 2002: 120; 2004: 116; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150; Lie et al., 1997: 67; Kim, 2001b: 37. Lachnosterna morosa Waterhouse, 1875: 104 (Japan, China): Heyden, 1887: 251; Bates, 1888: 373; Nomura, 1960: 65; Kim, 1978: 336; Yoon and Nam, 1979: 149; Park and Cho, 1986: 127. Holotrichia morosa: Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 49; Okamoto, 1924: 17; Maruta, 1929: 368; Doi, 1935: 3; Kamijo, 1936: 86; Morita, 1936: 861; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 64; Murayama, 1954: 104; Cho, 1957: 298; 1969: 667; Cho et al., 1968: 264; Won and Choi, 1968: 379; KZS, 1968: 137 (Keun-geom-jeong- P-D-I); Hyun et al., 1969: 193; KSPP, 1972: 207; Kim et al., 1974b: 108; 1975: 240; 1982a: 155; 1982b: 276; Nam and Kim, 1982: 129; Yoon et al., 1986: 160; 1990a: 140; Park and Kim, 1986: 127; Kim et al., 1987b: 223; 1987c: 505; 1989: 176; 1991e: 67; 1991b: 179; 1997: 233; 1998: 170; 1999: 129; 2005: 79; Kim, 1993: 65; Park et al., 1993: 178; Park and Kim, 1993: 112; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150; Kim, 2000a: 15. Lachnosterna inelegans Lewis, 1895: 396 (Japan, Fusan=Busan Korea). Holotrichia inelegans: Stebnicka, 1980: 269. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: H. parallela=Hol-jjuk-geom-jeong-P-D-I (KZS, 1968); H. morose=Keun- heuk-saeg-P-D-I (Cho, 1963; Cho et al., 1968), Wang-meok-P-D-I (KSPP, 1972). TYPE LOCALITY: China.

Body elongate oval to elliptic, dorsal surface black but sometimes dark brown to reddish brown, without luster, ventral surface with bluish white velvety iridescence. Head with dense punctures. Clypeus with anterior margin reflexed, emarginate medially. Antennae with 10 antennomeres, 3 antennomere club length shorter than antennomeres 5-7 combined. Pronotum with a row of setae 148 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti at apical ridge; punctures very large, ellipsoid, sparse to densely wrinkled. Pygidium triangular in form, moderately large, with punctures medium size, rough, sparse; in male moderately large, strongly convex. Ad: Long, rounded, curved. Basal piece and median piece fused, suture indistin- guishable. Parameres very long, connected and fused for much of dorsal side, with small projec- tions laterally of thick mediobasal part. Penis weakly exposed, simple but with 2 thin, scleritized lines. BL: 17-22 mm. BW: 9-11 mm. LARVAE: Murayama, 1931: 41; Medvedev, 1952: 109, Zhang, 1984: 76.

HOST PLANTS: Adults feed on leaves of apple, pear, cherry, plum, chestnut, Populus, etc. DISTRIBUTION: Tibet, Taiwan, China, Amur, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: H. morosa=NK- YG Hyesanjin, PB Ganggye, Huchang, HN Hamheung, GW Nangok, Mt. Geumgangsan, SK- More than 100 sites from 70 regions in the mountains, plains and islands across the entire country including Seoul (8 sites); H. parallela=NK- PN Pyeongyang Mt. Ryongaksan, GW Mt. Geumgangsan, SK- About 1,500 specimens from more than 130 sites from 90 regions in the mountains, plains and islands across the entire country. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (1,213 specimens): [SWU] GW: 18ex (Cheolwon, Wonju, Gangneung, Myeongju-G: vi-viii.1983-1999); 2ex (Buyeon valley Mt. Odaesan: 19.viii.2001). GS: 108ex (Is. Baeknyeongdo, Is. Daecheongdo, Is. Deogjeokdo, Is. Gyodongdo, Paju, Goyang, Yangju-G, Gapyeong, Namyangju-G, Pocheon-G, Incheon, Seoul, Gwangju, Icheon, Yangpyeong, Suwon: vi- x.1977-1998). CBN: 1ex (Danyang, Mt. Gyemeongsan Chungju: 17.vi.2003); 34ex (Jungwon, Jincheon, Cheongwon, Taean, Dangjin, Boryeong, Mt. Mansusan, Daejeon: vii-viii.1981-1999). GBN: 7ex (Mt. Seondalsan: 29.vi-3.vii.1998); 38ex (Bonghwa, Yeongju, Sangju, Mt. Palgongsan, Daegu, Gyeongsan, Mt. Biseulsan, Uljin, Yeongdeok, Ulju, Changnyeong, Euiryeong, Yangsan, Changwon, Masan, Goseong, Namhae: vi-viii.1982-2000). JBN: 84ex (Muju, Wanju, Jeonju, Gimje, Buan, Gochang, Mt. Naejangsan, Yeongkwang, Mt. Mudeungsan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Yeocheon, Mokpo, Jindo, Is. Wando: vi-viii.1981-1998). JJ: 9ex (vi-viii.1985-1998). [NAAS] GW: 3ex (Samcheok: vii.1993); 1ex (Wonju: 21.ix.1992). GS: 173ex (Gwangneung, Suwon, Anseong: v- ix.1921-1997). CBN: 30ex (Jincheon, Okcheon, Is. Anmyeondo, Yesan, Seonghwan: vi-viii.1987- 1996). GBN: 31ex (Bonghwa, Yecheon, Changnyeong, Hadong: vi-ix.1991-1993). JBN: 52ex (Muju, Jeongeub, Gochang, Mt. Baekyangsan, Is. Heuksando, Muan, Yeong-am, Goheung, Gwangyang: vi-xi.1922, 1975-1991). JJ: 220ex (vi-ix.1973-1998). [SNU] GW: 6ex (Mt. Seolaksan, Wonju: vi- vii.1988-1997). GS: 85ex (Ganghwa, Paju, Pocheon, Anyang, Suwon, Yong-in, Gwangju: vi-ix.1967- 1998). CBN: 3ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Soknisan, Daejeon: vii-viii.1970-1983). GBN: 19ex (Mt. Sobaek- san, Pohang, Goseong: vii, viii.1990, 1996). JBN: 89ex (Is. Seonyudo, Gimje, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwun- san: v-ix.1968-1996). JJ: 25ex (vii.1965-1997). [KU] GW: 5ex (Hongcheon, Mt. Odaesan: vi.1925, 1994). GS: 34ex (Pocheon, Namyangju-G, Seoul-C, Icheon: iv-viii.1955-1990). CBN: 34ex (Jeung- pyeong, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Mt. Chilgabsan: vii-viii.1960, 1973-1979). GBN: 13ex (Munkyeong, Yeongcheon, Goseong: vii-ix.1964-1979). JBN, JJ: 20ex (Naebyeonsan, Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Jogyesan, Is. Chujado, Jejudo: vi-viii.1933-1990). [EWU] GW: 1ex (Is. Nam-iseom: 5.vi.1977). GS: 29ex (Gapyeong-G, Pocheon-G, Seoul, Suwon: v-xi.1960-1993). CBN: 4ex (Okcheon, Mt. Gyeryongsan: vii-viii.1969, 1971). GBN: 7ex (Uljin, Yeongdeok, Guryongpo, Jinju, Is. Geojedo: vi- vii.1964-1972). JBN: 12ex (Jeonju, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Duryunsan, Is. Bogildo: vii.1969-1991). JJ: 1ex (13.vii.1979). [HSU] CN: 23ex (Seosan-G: v-vii.1994-1997). [HNHM - NK] PB: 9ex (Sariwon: 5- 25.vii.1956); 1ex (Tschon-bon-san ?: 3.ix.1956); 1ex (Tschondtsin ?: 29.vii.1956); 1ex (Vekki ?: 16.ix.1956). GW: 2ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: 4-6.viii.1975); 1ex (17.vi.1985); 1ex (13.vi.1991). Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Melolonthinae 149

MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 812 specimens →iv-xi (iv- 2, v- 17, vi- 125, vii- 412, viii- 210, ix- 36, X- 8, xi- 2 specimens). BIOLOGY: Eguchi, 1932: 53; Murayama, 1938: 259; Nakayama and Okamoto, 1940: 199; Saito, 1941: 11; Kim and Hyun, 1988: 21-27 (H. morosa and H. diomphalia); Kim, 1990: 222-229 (H. diomphalia); Kim and Kang, 1993: 415.

73. Holotrichia koraiensis Murayama, 1937 (Pls. 7-61, 14-61, 20-61) Go-ryeo-da-saeg-pung-deng-i (고려다색풍뎅이)

Holotrichia koraiensis Murayama, 1937: 37; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 63; Murayama, 1954: 116; Cho, 1957: 298; 1969: 669; KZS, 1968: 137 (Go-ryeo-da-saeg-P-D-I); Stebnicka, 1980: 208; Kim et al., 1987c: 505; 1998: 170; Kim, 1993: 65; 1995b: 164; 2000a: 16; 2001b: 38; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150. TYPE LOCALITY: Korea (Pungryu-ri, Namseollyeong, Gwangneung).

Body elongate cylindrical, shiny, reddish brown to dark brown (sometimes all black). Head small, with dense punctures. Clypeus with apical margin weakly emarginate, reflexed in male; strongly emarginate, not reflexed in female. Antennal club length approximately equal to stalk in male, approximately half length of stalk in female. Pronotum widest at mediobasal angle, with punctures very large, very deep, dense. Elytra with 3 large, low, irregular, wide longitudinal carinae; elytral suture very large, not elevated, with punctures large, shallow, irregular, sparse. Legs with tarsi slender, very long; internal tooth of claws split apically. Pygidium very high mediobasally, with punctures small but distinct, not closed. Ad: Small, short, strongly curved. Basal piece very long, simple. Median piece nearly rectangular. Parameres slender, long, with terminal parts (=outer lobes) greatly angled with median piece. Penis with weakly, outwardly exposed dorsal margin, with sclerite part located right between lobes. BL: 17-20 mm. BW: 8.8-10.5 mm

DISTRIBUTION: China, Korea, Japan (Is. Tsushima). KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Namseolryeong, HN Pungryu-ri (fly in to the guest room at night), SK- GW Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Gachilbong, Mt. Bangdaesan, Inje, Mt. Gyebangsan, Bongpyeong Mt. Hoeryeongbong, Mt. Taebaeksan, Hwacheon, GG Mt. Myeongjisan, Pocheon, Ildong, Gwangneung, Paju-G, Is. Gyodongdo, Seoul, Mt. Cheongkyesan, GB Mt. Sobaeksan, Bonghwa, Mt. Cheongryang- san, JB Mt. Deokyusan, JN Mt. Daedunsan, JJ- Jejudo. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (55 specimens): [SWU] GW: 4ex (Mt. Seolaksan: vi-vii.1970-1979); 3ex (Inje Mt. Bangdaesan: 23.vi.1996); 1ex (Mt. Gachilbong: 24.vii.1991); 1ex (Mt. Gyebangsan: 16.vi.1993); 1♂ (Mt. Taebaeksan: 30.v.1999); 1ex (Bongpyeong Mt. Hoeryeongbong: 21.vii.1998): GG- 4ex (Mt. Myeongjisan: vi.1996). JB: 1ex (Mt. Deokyusan: 25.v.1993). JJ: 1ex (7.vi.1972). [SNU] GG: 2ex (Pocheon Ildong: ix.1988). [KU] GW: 1ex (Hwacheon: 13.vi.1988); 3ex (Mt. Seolaksan: vi-vii.1979- 1991). GS: 2ex (Seoul: vi.1934); 1ex (Mt. Cheongkyesan: 24.v.1988). GB: 6ex (Mt. Sobaeksan: 6.vi.1981); 2ex (Bonghwa Mt. Cheongryangsan: 14.vi.1996); ?- 1ex (Heihoku: 15.viii.1936). [EWU] GW: 1ex (Mt. Seolaksan: 24.vi.1991). JN: 1ex (Mt. Daedunsan: 2.v.1978). [HNHM - NK] HB: 11ex (Cheongjin: 2-5.vi.1991). PB: 3ex (Mt. Myohyangsan: 23, 28.v.1991). GW: 4ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: 12.vi.1991). 150 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

74. Holotrichia picea (Waterhouse, 1875) (Pls. 7-62, 14-62, 20-62) Ggo-ma-geom-jeong-pung-deng-i (꼬마검정풍뎅이)

Lachnosterna picea Waterhouse, 1875: 102; Heyden, 1887: 252. Holotrichia picea: Heyden, 1889: 660; Haku, 1935: 57; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 65; Murayama, 1954: 114; Cho, 1957: 298; 1963: 218; 1969: 668; KZS, 1968: 137 (Ggo-ma-geom-jeong-P-D-I); Shin and Choo, 1977: 90; Stebnicka, 1980: 268; Kim et al., 1987c: 505; 1991e: 66; 2005: 79; 2006: 36; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150; Lie et al., 1997: 68; Kim, 2000: 132; 2000a: 16; 2001b: 39. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Geom-jeong-ha-neul-so (Cho, 1963). TYPE LOCALITY: Japan (Ngasaki; Hakodadi).

Small species. Body short, large, black (some specimens reddish black). Head with punctures small, dense. Clypeus with apical margin weakly reflexed, deeply eamrginate. Antennal club very short in both sexes. Pronotum with a very long, dense setal row at apical margin, with discal punctures small and dense. Internal tooth of claws split apically. Pygidium triangular, weakly convex medially; punctures small, distinct in males, finer and denser in females. Ad: Slender, long, strongly curved, with short basal piece. Median piece relatively long, moderately large. Parameres strongly curved dorsally, strongly tapered apically, internal ends branched. Penis exposed very long, strongly scleritized dorsally; ventral side long, largely transparent. BL: 15-18 mm. BW: 8.5- 9.5 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Northern China, Amur, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HN Mt. Myohyangsan (Manpokdong valley), PY Pyeongyang Mt. Ryon- gaksan, Samseok Daecheon-ri, PN Sun-an Seokam, SK- GW Mt. Odaesan, Mt. Chiaksan, GS Is. Socheongdo, Yeoncheon (Mts. Cheondeuksan and Yawolsan), Mt. Cheonmasan, Seoul 5 st, CB Mt. Wolaksan, CN Mt. Gyeryongsan, GB Mt. Palgongsan, Mt. Baekamsan, Mt. Baedaesan, GN Mt. Gayasan, JN Gwangyang, Iss. Gyeok-ryeolbiyeoldo, JJ Mt. Hallasan, Jungmun, Jejudo. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (23 specimens): [SWU] GW: 1ex (Mt. Odaesan: 9.viii.1976). GS: 1ex (Yeoncheon Mt. Yawolsan: 26.vi.1987); 2ex(Seoul: v.1967, 1997). CN: 1ex(Mt. Gyeryongsan: 4.viii.1973). GB: 2ex (Mt. Baekamsan: 29.v.1999); 1ex (Mt. Baedaesan: 21.vi.1997). JJ: 1ex (Mt. Hallasan: 9.vii.1978). [SNU] GG: 1ex (Suwon: 17.vi.1969). CB: 1ex (Mt. Wolaksan: 23.xi.1985). [KU] JN: 1ex (Gwangyang: 18.v.1991). JJ: 1ex (Jungmun: 3.v.1978). [EWU] GW: 4ex (Mt. Chiaksan: vi, vii.1979, 1983). GS: 5ex (Mt. Cheonmasan, Taeneung, Hongneung, Segeomjeong, Is. Socheongdo: v-vii.1956-1971). GB: 1ex (Mt. Sobaeksan: 7.vi.1969).

75. Holotrichia ernesti Reitter, 1902 (Pls. 7-63, 14-63, 20-63) Ggo-ma-but-chi-geom-jeong-pung-deng-i (꼬마붙이검정풍뎅이)

Holotrichia ernesti Reitter, 1902: 177; Murayama, 1954: 120; Cho, 1969: 669; Stebnicka, 1980: 266; Kim et al., 1991e: 67; Kim, 1993: 65; 2000: 132; 2000a: 16; 2001b: 40; Park and Kim, 1993: 112; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150 (Ggo-ma-but-chi-geom-jeong-P-D-I); Lie et al., 1997: 70. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Ggo-ma-but-chi-geom-jeong-pung-deng-i-but-chi (Cho, 1969). Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Melolonthinae 151

TYPE LOCALITY: Mongolia.

Small species, similar to H. picea, but differing in clypeus with weakly emarginate apical margin, pronotal apical margin with less than 10 setae. Body short, broad, generally black but with some reddish brown individuals. Antennal club sloghtly shorter than stalk in males, shorter than half stalk length in females. Pronotum strongly shiny, smooth; punctures weakly elliptic, deep medially but shallow, sparse marginally. Internal tooth of claws right angled. Pygidium large, triangular, convex medially; punctures sparse, very small, shallow. Ad: Short but very wide. Basal piece very short, wide. Median piece relatively long. Paremeres very short, at right angle to median piece; basal part slender, long, with outer lobes weakly expanded like a triangular cap with very long visor. Penis strongly sclerized, terminal parts divided; that of dorsal branch long, rounded, expanded along dorsal side like a helmet with large basal part and narrowed apex; lower branch simple, with large, tongue like apex. BL: 16-19.5 mm. BW: 9-10 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Northern China, Mongolia, Russia, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Buryeong, Kyeongseong, Ju-eul, HN Hongwon, Hamju, PN Pyeong- yang, WH Mt. Suyangsan, SK- GW Mt. Chiaksan, Mt. Taebaeksan, GB Mt. Baekamsan, Ilweolsan, GN Goryeong, JB Namwon, JJ Jejudo. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (22): [SWU] GW: 2ex (Mt. Chiaksan: 6.v.1973); 1♀(Mt. Taebaeksan: 5.viii.1961). GB: 11♂♂4♀♀ (Mt. Baekamsan: 29.v.1999); 2♂♂ (Mt. Ilweolsan: 20.vi.1997). [EWU] JJ: 1ex (8.vii. 1965). [HNHM - NK] 1ex (Tchon-bon-san ?: 3.ix.1956).

76. Holotrichia diomphalia (Bates, 1888) (Pls. 7-64, 14-64, 20-64) Cham-geom-jeong-pung-deng-i (참검정풍뎅이)

Lachnosterna diomphalia Bates, 1888: 373. Holotrichia diomphalia: Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 50; Okamoto, 1924: 174; Maruta, 1929: 368; Kamijo, 1932: 21; Eguchi, 1932: 52; Cho, 1934: 75; Haku, 1935: 57; Masaki, 1936: 260; Mochizuki, 1935: 32; 1936: 211; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 91; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 63; Mori and Cho, 1940: 13; Cho, 1947: 65; 1963: 218; 1969: 667 (H. dimorphalia); Murayama, 1954: 106; Kim, 1956: 9; 1958: 98 (Cham-geom-jeong-P-D-I); Cho et al., 1967: 197; 1968: 264; Won and Choi, 1968: 379; KZS, 1968: 137; Kim et al., 1974b: 108; 1982a: 155; 1984b: 328; Stebnicka, 1980: 265; Kim et al., 1987c 505, 1991e: 66; 1994b: 111; 1996b: 127; 1997: 233; 2004: 116; Kim, 1993: 65; 1994a: 214; 1995b: 139; 1999: 129; 2000: 132; 2000a: 16; 2001: 40; Park et al., 1993: 178 (H. diompharia); Park and Kim, 1993: 112; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150; Lie et al., 1997: 72. Lachnosterna niponensis Lewis, 1895 (misidentified): Kim and Yoo, 1987b: 505. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Pung-deng-i (Cho, 1947), Jin-geom-jeong-pung-deng- (deong-)-i (Cho, 1963 and 2 others). TYPE LOCALITY: Korea (Pusan).

Body shiny black, rarely dark to reddish brown. Head with dense punctures. Clypeus with apical margin emarginate, weakly reflexed. Antennal club slightly shorter than stalk in males, 152 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti approximately half length of stalk in females. Pronotum with punctures very large, scarce, scattered, without setal row at apical ridge. Pygidium basal rim not visible because basal part of pygidium stongly convex; with a deep, large longitudinal furrow medially; weakly emarginate in females. Ad: Short, very wide, with lots of variation in all pieces. Basal piece very short, expanded ventro- basally, weakly carinate dorsoterminally. Median piece large, rounded. Parameres with asym- metrical lobes; left lobe larger with dorsal side slightly then abruptly curved, inner apex narrowly branched, with great variation. Penis with large round tip, completely sclerotized, strongly, projected in most specimens. BL: 16-21 mm, BW: 8-10 mm. LARVAE: Murayama, 1931: 38; Medvedev, 1952: 110; Zhang, 1984: 78.

HOST PLANTS: Adults feed on the leaves of pear, apple, and cherry trees. Larvae feed on the roots of Indian milet, balery, vegetables. DISTRIBUTION: Mongolia, Manchuria, eastern Siberia, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB between Posangdong and Jueul, HN Bujeon-plateau, WB Sariwon, GW Mt. Naegeumgang, Mt. Oe-geumgang, SK- About 3,000 specimens from about 130 sites from 100 regions in the mountains, plains and islands across the entire country including Seoul. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (2,440 specimens): [SWU] 114ex (Goseong, Sokcho, Mt. Seolaksan, Gangneung, Donghae, Mt. Taebaeksan, Jeongseon, Inje, Pyeongchang, Hongcheon, Mt. Odaesan, Chuncheon, Wonju, Hoengseong: v-viii.1983-2000); 5ex (Mt. Bangdaesan: 25.vii.2000); 10ex (Buyeon valley Mt. Odaesan: 18-22.vi.2001); 2ex (Chuncheon Bagam-ri/Bangha-ri: 10/20.vii.2009). GS: 223ex (Is. Baeknyeongdo, Is. Daecheongdo, Is. Deogjeokdo, Goyang, Pocheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Namyangju- G, Yangpyeong, Seoul 7 st, Seongnam, Incheon, Gwacheon, Anyang, Suwon, Yong-in, Pyeongtaek: iv-ix.1977-2000); 4ex [Seoul (Sajik-dong, Mt. Bugaksan): v.2009]. CBN: 1ex (Mt. Gyemeongsan Chungju: 17.vi.2003); 47ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Okcheon, Mt. Gwangdeoksan, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Daejeon, Dangjin, Mt. Mansusan: iv-vii.1981-1999); GBN- 9ex (Mt. Eoraesan: 30.vi.1998); 3ex (Seondalsan: 29.vi-2.vii.1998); 217ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Andong, Uljin, Yeongju, Munkyeong, Sangju, Daegu, Geochang, Ulsan, Sacheon: v-ix.1977-1998). JBN: 27ex (, Muju, Buan, Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Muan, Yeosu, Is. Wando: v-viii.1973-1997); 2ex (Is. Gageodo Sinan: 16.viii.2009). JJ: 26ex (v-vii.1972-1997). [NAAS] NK: 1ex (Mt. Baekamsan: 5.vi.1923). GW: 1ex (Hongcheon: 13.vi.1996); 3ex (Daegwallyeong: viii.1987). GS: 74ex (Is. Daebudo, Gwangneung, Suwon, Pyeongtaek: iii-viii.1921-1996). CBN: 11ex (Mt. Soknisan, Is. Anmyeondo, Mt. Gyeryong- san: iv-ix.1990-1997). GBN: 5ex (Bonghwa, Andong, Sacheon: vii-viii.1983-1993). JBN: 33ex (Jeongju, Mt. Baekyangsan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Yeong-am, Is. Heuksando: vi-viii.1922- 1995). JJ: 8ex (iv-vii.1919-1998). [SNU] GW: 23ex (Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Odaesan, Jeongseon, Dae- gwallyeong, Mt. Chiaksan: v-vii.1974-1998). GS: 378ex (Is. Yongyudo, Incheon, Yeoncheon, Pocheon, Paju, Goyang, Yangju-G, Gapyeong, Namyangju-G, Yangpyeong, Seoul, Anyang, Suwon, Yong-in, Gwangju: iv-x.1957-1997). CBN: 6ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Asan, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Geumsan: vi-vii.1983-1995). GB: 4ex (Wolseong: vi.1987). JBN: 86ex (Jinan, Jeonju, Namwon, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan: v-viii.1969-1997). JJ: 31ex (iv-viii.1985-1997). [KU] NK: 1ex (Jueul: 20.vii.1932); 1ex (Mt. Naegeumgang: 16.vii.1930). GW: 45ex (Goseong, Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Odaesan, Hwacheon, Chuncheon, Hongcheon: vi-vii.1931-1995). GS: 218ex (Is. Mueuido, Is. Daebudo, Goyang-G, Pocheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Namyangju-G, Mt. Yongmunsan, Icheon, Seoul, Yong-in, Incheon, Pyeongtaek: iv-ix.1913-1993). CBN: 21ex (Mt. Soknisan, Seosan, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Mt. Oseosan: v-vii.1957-1985). GBN: 19ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Uljin, Bonghwa, Munkyeong, Mt. Juwangsan, Seong- ju, Daegu: iv-vii.1971-1996). JBN: 66ex (Muju, Mt. Naejangsan, Namwon, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwun- Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Melolonthinae 153 san, Mt. Jogyesan, Mt. Duryunsan: v-viii.1972-1993). JJ: 11ex (v-viii.1955-1990). [EWU] NK: 3ex (Mt. Papyeongsan: 28.v.1965). GW: 16ex (Mt. Seolaksan, Gangneung, Jinburyeong, Inje, Mt. Odae- san, Gangchon, Mt. Chiaksan: v-viii.1971-1991). GS: 286ex (Gapyeong-G, Yangju-G, Yeoju, Yang- pyeong, Seoul, Suwon, Is. Ganghwado, Is. Deogjeokdo: iv-x.1957-1993). CBN: 13ex (Okcheon, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Is. Ga-euido, Cheonan, Hongseong: v-vii.1956-1971). GBN: 13ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Yecheon, Cheongsong, Daegu, Is. Geojedo, Temp. Pyochungsa, Busan, Namhae: v-vii.1966-1999). JBN: 26ex (Jeonju, Gwangju, Mt. Jirisan, Is. Geomundo, Is. Heuksando, Is. Hongdo: iv-ix.1960- 1992). JJ: 7ex (v-vii.1965-1983). [HSU] CN: 246ex (Seosan-G: iv-vi.1994-1997). [HNHM - NK] 1ex (Mt. Zedongsan YG: 22.vii.1975). PB: 1ex (Mt. Myohyangsan: 12.ix.1980); 6ex (20-22.v.1985); 4ex (23.v.1991); 30ex (27, 28.v.1991); 1ex (6.vii.1991); 2ex (Pyeongyang city: 30.vi.1991). PY: 11ex (Mt. Daeseongsan: 17.v.1985). PY: 17ex (Mt. Ryongaksan: 24, 30.v.1985); 2ex (Tschon-bon-san ?: 1.vii.); 9ex (3.ix.1956); 1ex (Tschondtsin ?: 29.vii.1956). GW: 1ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: 12.vii.1977); 3ex (26.v.1985); 1ex(17.vi.1985); 6ex (10-13.vi.1991). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 1,806 specimens →iii-x (iii- 11, iv- 81, v- 754, vi- 629, vii- 234, viii- 47, ix- 21, x- 1ex). BIOLOGY: Okamoto 1924: 174; 1940: 198; Saito, 1928: 12; Eguchi, 1932: 52; Nakayama, 1934: 80; Murayama, 1934a: 42-46; 1935a: 196; 1935b: 329; 1936: 1-6; 1938: 259-264; Kim and Hyun, 1988: 21-27; Kim, 1990: 222-229; Kim and Kang, 1993: 415. REMARKS: This is the most common species of Korean Melolonthidae.

77. Holotrichia oblita (Faldermann, 1835) (Pls. 7-65, 14-65) Buk-han-geom-jeong-pung-deng-i (북한검정풍뎅이)

Ancylonycha oblita Faldermann, 1835: 459. Holotrichia oblita: Stebnicka, 1980: 268; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150 (erroneously credited to H. oblita Stebnicka: Buk-han-geom-jeong-P-D-I); Kim, 2000a: 17, 2001b: 42.

Body brown to reddish brown, strong luster. Male antennal club as long as stalk. Pronotal punc- tures small, dense. Pygidium basal rim not visible because basal part of pygidium highly convex as in H. diomphalia, but without longitudinal furrow. Ad: Very similar with H. diomphalia according to Chang (1965), but differing in parameres more slender, longer. BL: 16-22 mm. LARVAE: Zhang, 1984: 77 (samples from Beijing and Nanking, China).

DISTRIBUTION: China, Mongolia, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central Korea. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HN Samilpo, PB Mt. Myohyangsan PY Pyeongyang, Mt. Ryongaksan, Gangseo, WH Gaeseong, Sincheon, GW Mt. Geumgangsan SK- GG Suwon, GB Mt. Sobaeksan. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (2♀♀): [SWU] GG: 1♀(Suwon: 28.iv.1959). GB: 1♀(Mt. Sobaeksan: 5.v.1985). BIOLOGY: According to Zhang (1984), this species has two years per generation. The larvae live for one year then pupate and emerge as adults. The adults hibernate until the following spring when they emerge from the ground. At Nanking, adults can be active from March to July, with most activity from 1-20 April. This species generally feeds at night. Males demonstrate strong phototaxis while females do not. The larvae eat roots of several crops. 154 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

78. Holotrichia reticulata Murayama, 1941 (Pls. 7-66, 14-66, 20-66) Je-ju-geu-meul-nun-geom-jeong-pung-deng-i (제주그물눈검정풍뎅이)

Holotrichia reticulata Murayama, 1941: 39; Murayama, 1954: 115; Cho, 1963: 218; 1969: 669; Cho et al., 1968: 264; KZS, 1968: 137; Stebnicka, 1980: 208; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150 (Je-ju-geu-meul-nun- geom-jeong-P-D-I); Kim, 2000a: 17; 2001b: 43. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Je-ju-geu-meul-P-D-I (Cho, 1963). TYPE LOCALITY: Korea (Mt. Hallasan).

Body dark brown, with strong luster. Clypeus rounded, wide, with apical margin slightly concave, slowly and thinly reflexed. Pronotum with punctures minute, shallow, elliptic, dense to reticulate. Elytra with punctures small, sparse, with raised medial part in each as like an ocular. Tarsi slender, very long, with internal tooth of claws very short, weakly split at apex. Pygidium large, triangular, with distinct marginal rim, convex medially or at frontal area; with punctures large, dense, partially reticulate. Ad: Thin, flat, very short, increasing in width from basal piece to parameres. Basal piece nearly square. Median piece longer than basal piece. Parameres with outer lobe moderately large, curved outwardly. Penis divided into 2 lobes; upper lobe branched again with 2 slender, long, strongly sclerotized, branches; lower lobe very large, streamlined, thin, sclerotized. BL: 17-21 mm. BW: 10.5-16 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Korea proper. KOREA: Jejudo, Is. Ulleungdo. KOREAN RECORDS: SK- 1♂(Mt. Hallasan: 29.vi.1923, Okamoto and Kurisué). SPECIMEN EXAMINED (16 specimens): [SWU] GB: 1ex (Is. Wulleungdo: 6.vi.1985); JJ- 9ex (Jejudo: iv, v.1984-1997). [SNU] JJ: 4ex (Jejudo: iv, v.1985-1995). [KU] JJ: 1ex (Jejudo: 3.v.1978). [EWU] JJ: 1ex (27.v.1983). REMARKS: This species was designated to the Type species for subgenus Bunbunius, of the genus Pollaplonyx by Nomura (1970), because the features of the tarsal claw and male aedeagus are unique and intermediate in form to the genera Holotrichia and Microtrichia. The name Microtrichia is now a junior synonym of Sophrops Fairmaire, 1887 (Smetana and Smith, 2006).

Holotrichia Species with Doubtful Records from Korea

1. Holotrichia kiotoensis Brenske, 1894 Geom-jeong-p-d-i (검정풍뎅이)

Holotrichia kiotoensis Brenske, 1894: 19, 68 (Japan): Yoshino, 1935: 14; Murayama, 1937a: 35; 1954: 110; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 64; Cho, 1957: 298 (H. kiotonsis); 1969: 668; Won and Choi, 1968: 379; KZS, 1968 (Geom-jeong-P-D-I): 137; Stebnicka, 1980: 208; Lee et al., 1994: 147; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150; Kim, 2001b: 43. Lachnosterna kiotoensis: KSPP, 1972: 207. Lachnosterna inelegans Lewis, 1895: 396 (Fusan=Busan) (synonymy: Miwa and Chûjô, 1939). Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Melolonthinae 155

Holotrichia inelegans: Stebnicka, 1980: 269. Holotrichia diomphalia Bates, 1888 (misidentification); Kim et al., 1972a: 83 (H. kiotensis); 1977: 130; Park and Park, 1987: 673; Kim, 1987b: 224; 1987c: 505; 1991e: 67; 1997: 233; Park and Kim, 1993: 112; Kim et al., 2005: 79.

Body black to brownish black. Pronotal apical margin straight. Male antennal club approximately equal in length to stalk. Internal tooth of claw right angled. Pygidium semicircular, basal rim straight, convex medially or anteromedially, with some small punctures. Ad: Short, wide. Basal piece short, apex round; median piece longer than basal piece, weakly broaden. Parameres very short with basal part extended, elongate, thin, right angled relatively to median piece; slightly curved dorsally, apex sharp. Penis with two lobes of left and right; each lobe short, round, thin, sclerotized.

DISTRIBUTION: Thailand, China, ? Korea, Japan. KOREA: Central, South. KOREAN RECORDS: SK- GN Busan (Lewis, 1935), JN Hampyeong-G Gigak-ri (Yoshino, 1935), Mokpo (Murayama, 1935a), Is. Hongdo (Won and Choi, 1968), GG Suwon, Pyeongtaek, Anjung, Yong-in, GN Mt. Gayasan; 6 other records based on misidentifications. REMARKS: Many descriptions or records by Lewis (1894) are synonyms or misapplications of names. Yoshino’s (1935) record is an error due to misidentification, in my opinion. Referring to the key of Murayama (1954), the female of H. diomphalia can be misidentified to this spcies.

2. Holotrichia sichotana Brenske, 1896. Seo-wul-geom-jeong-p-d-i (서울검정풍뎅이)

Holotrichia sichotana Brenske, 1896: 343 (Wladiwostock): Niijima and Kinoshita, 1927: 17 (Seoul); Maruta, 1929: 368 (writing error); Murayama, 1935: 4; 1937a: 35; 1954: 118; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 65; Cho, 1957: 298, 1969: 669; KZS 1968 (Seo-wul-geom-jeong-P-D-I): 137; Stebnicka, 1980: 208; Kim and Kim, 1982a: 155; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150; Kim et al., 1991e: 66; 1998: 170.

DIAGNOSIS: Dark brown. Apical and basal margin of pronotum weakly extended. Internal tooth of claw deeply split apically. Male antennal club slightly shorter than stalk. Pygidium convex near basal margin, with round basal rim; punctures large, sparce. Ad: (refer to the figure in Chang 1965) Very similar to H. koraiensis, but more slender with more slender median piece, parameres strongly curved.

DISTRIBUTION: Tibet, China, Siberia, ? Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS (from Murayama, 1935): NK- Kyeongseong, Seongjin, Geombullang, Temp. Seokwangsa, SK- Temp. Woljeongsa, Gwangneung, Suwon, Danyang, Chungju, Goryeong, Jejudo. REMARKS: Murayama (1954) retracted his previous record of this species in Korea (Murayama, 1935). Therfore, the distributional data in Korea should be regarded as erroneous. 156 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Removed Holotrichia Species from the Korean Fauna

1. Holotrichia convexopyga Moser, 1912 Keun-mi-jeol-geom-jeong-P-D-I (큰미절검정풍뎅이)

Holotrichia convexopyga Moser, 1912: 435; Chang, 1965: 37 (citation error); ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150 (Keun-mi-jeol-geom-jeong-P-D-I); Lie et al., 1997: 70 (citation error); Kim et al., 1999: 129 (misi- dentified of a variant specimen of H. diomphalia) →there are no credible records for this species from Korea.

2. H. novila O. Keun-geom-jeong-P-D-I (큰검정풍뎅이)

Park and Han, 1992: 138 (Keun-geom-jeong-P-D-I) →This name is unavailable.

Genus Heptophylla Motschulsky, 1858: 32. Gin-da-saeg-pung-deng-i-sog (긴다색풍뎅이속)

The genus is characterized by antennal club with 7 antennomeres in males, 5 antennomeres in females; pronotum covered with long, erect setae; pygidium covered with setae. For Korea, speci- mens are rarely collected but there are many old records. Many of the previous records are dubious. Type species: Heptophylla picea Motschulsky, 1858.

SPECIES approximately 30 (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Palaearctic Region. KEY REFERENCE: Kim (2001b).

79. Heptophylla picea Motschulsky, 1858(Pls. 7-67, 14-67, 20-67) Gin-da-saeg-pung-deng-i (긴다색풍뎅이)

Heptophylla picea Motschulsky, Etud. Ent., VI: 33, 1958(Japan). Heptophylla picea: Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 69; Kim, 1958: 98; Cho, 1957: 300; Cho et al., 1967: 197; Hyun and Woo, 1969: 193 (Gin-da-saeg-P-D-I); Won and Choi, 1968: 379; Kim et al., 1972a: 160; 1972b: 84; Shin, 1979: 144; Stebnicka, 1980: 207; Nam and Kim, 1982: 129; Park et al., 1986: 128; 1993: 178; Kim et al., 1987a: 104; 1998: 170; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150; Kim, 2001b: 45. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Gin-dda-saeg-P-D- (Deong)-I (Cho et al., 1967 and 2 others). TYPE LOCALITY: Japan. Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Melolonthinae 157

Body nearly cylindrical, yellowish brown to dark brown, shiny. Dorsal surface with large, scat- tered punctures bearing long, erect, yellowish brown setae. Thoracic sterna covered with long, dense, pale yellow setae. Clypeus with transverse carina apical to suture; apical margin weakly emarginate, weakly reflexed. Antennae with 10 antennomeres including 6.5 antennomere club with length approximately 2 times that of stalk in males, 5 antennomere club with about half length of stalk in females. Pronotum covered with long, erect setae. Elytra with 4 indistinct striae; punctures small, dense. Ad: Simple, weakly curved. Basal piece very large, weakly curved inward- ly; connected with short, simple medial piece. Parameres shorter than median piece; cap in lateral view with very long visor-shaped structure, nearly triangular basally. Penis very thick, largely projected out of parameres; upper lobe thick, curved dorsally, tapered to a sharp apex; lower lobe simple but with apex large, tongue like. BL: 11.5-15 mm, BW: 5-8 mm. Sex Pheromone studies: Leal et al., 1996; Kakizaki et al., 1998: 5-10, 2000: 44-46.

DISTRIBUTION: China, Korea, Japan. KOREA: Central, South. KOREAN RECORDS: SK- GW Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Odaesan, Mt. Taebaeksan, GS Seoul, Anyang, Jang- heung, CN Mt. Mansusan, GB Juheulsan, GN Mt. Baekwunsan, JB Muju-Gucheondong, JN Piagol. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (8 specimens): [SWU] GS: 3ex (Seoul, Anyang: v-vii.1999); 1ex (Jangheung: 8.viii.1993). CN: 1ex (Mt. Mansusan: 19.vii.1999). GN: 1ex (Busan Geumjeong-gu Seon-dong: 30.vi.2003); 2ex (Jinhae Yongwon: 26.v.2003).

Genus Hilyotrogus Fairmaire, 1886: 325. Ssang-saeg-pung-deng-i-sog (쌍색풍뎅이속)

Melichrus Brenske, 1892.

The genus is charaterized by antennae with 10 antennomeres, 5 antennomere club; club with antennomere 6-7 shorter than antennomeres 8-10; antennomeres 4-5 angled inwardly. Apical maxillary palpomere sharp. Protibia with large inner spine. Type species: Hilyotrogus unguicularis Fairmaire, 1886.

SPECIES 27 [in Palaearctic (Löbl and Smetana 2006)] (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Palaearctic region (only ?). KEY REFERENCE: Fairmaire (1886), Murayama (1954).

80. Hilyotrogus bicoloreus Heyden, 1887 (Pls. 7-68, 14-68, 20-68) Ssang-saeg-pung-deng-i (쌍색풍뎅이)

Lachnosterna (Holotrichia) bicoloreus Heyden, 1887: 265. Hilyotrogus bicoloreus: Reitter, 1902: 258; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 59; Murayama, 1937a: 35; 1938: 14; 1954: 127; Nagaoka, 1938: 25; Mori and Cho, 1940: 13; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 68; Cho, 1947: 65; 158 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

1957: 300; 1963: 221 (Ssang-saeg-P-D-I); 1969: 673; Cho et al., 1968: 265; KZS, 1968: 137; KSPP, 1972: 207 (H. bicolorens); Kim et al., 1974b: 108, 1976: 102; Kim, 1978: 344; Yoon et al., 1979: 150; 1981: 47; 1990b: 110; Stebnicka, 1980: 261; Kim, 1981: 344; 1993: 64; 1995b: 164; 1996c: 174; 2001b: 45; Nam and Kim, 1983: 129; Park and Park, 1987: 673; Park et al., 1993: 178; Park and Kim, 1993: 112; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150; Kim et al., 1994b: 111; 1996b: 127; 1997: 233; 1998: 170; 1999: 129; 2000: 132; 2001: 132; 2002: 120; 2004: 116; Lie et al., 1997: 60. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: I-saeg-P-D-I (Cho, 1947); Heuk-jeom-P-D-I (KSPP, 1972). TYPE LOCALITY: Korea.

Body large, elongate oval, reddish brown to yellowish brown, not shiny except head. Head small, darker, shiny, frontal part with round punctures bearing brown setae. Clypeus short, narrowed towards apex; punctures large, round, sparse apically, dense basally. Antennae yellow, with anten- nal club slightly shorter than stalk in males, females with club length approximately half length of stalk. Pronotum velvety; ridged apical margin bearing a row of setae, ridged lateral margins; apicomedially with shallow, transverse depression and long setae. Elytra weakly velvety teguments, with each lateral ridges enlarged to apex; very small, rowed, yellow setae on ridges. Ad: Cylindri- cal. Basal piece more slender than median piece, length 2 times that of medial piece, connection with median piece weakly slanted. Median piece nearly ball-shaped, thickest near parameres. Parameres with length 1.5 times that of basal piece and median piece combined. Penis strongly sclerotized, projected and thicken, with rugged apex. BL: 15-18 mm. BW: 8-8.5 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Manchuria, Siberia, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Hong-yeopgok, HN Baekam, Songheung-ri, Bujeon-plateau, Temp. Seokwangsa, PN Mt. Myohyangsan, Suncheon Mt. Zamosan, GW Mt. Geumgangsan, SK- About 600 specimens from more than 70 regions in the mountains, plains and islands across the entire country including Seoul. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (504 specimens): [SWU] GW: 97ex (Inje, Mt. Odaesan, Chuncheon, Hoeng- seong, Wonju, Gangneung, Donghae, Taebaek: vi-viii.1975-2000); 5ex (Chuncheon Bakam-ri/ Bangha-ri: 10/20.vii.2009). GS: 21ex (Is. Daecheongdo, Is. Gangwhado, Pocheon, Gapyeong, Namyangju-G, Mt. Yongmunsan, Seoul, Seongnam, Yong-in: vi-x.1980-1998). CBN: 21ex (Chungju, Mt. Gyemyeongsan, Mt. Wolaksan, Cheongwon, Mt. Gwangdeoksan, Mt. Chilgabsan, Mt. Mansusan: vii.1987-2000). GBN: 22ex (Mt. Seondalsan: 29.vi-3.vii.1998); 33ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Bonghwa, Yeongju, Mt. Palgongsan: vi-ix.1985-1998). JBN: 49ex (Mt. Deokyusan, Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Yeocheon, Is. Wando: vi-viii.1981-1998). [NAAS] GW: 2ex (Mt. Odaesan, Dae- gwallyeong: viii, ix.1923, 1987). GS: 4ex (Mt. Soyosan, Gwangneung, Suwon: vii-viii.1991-1998). GBN: 7ex (Bonghwa, Andong, Mt. Sudosan, Yangsan: vii-ix.1922, 1988-1998). JBN: 11ex (Muju, Mt. Jirisan, Gwangyang: vi-viii.1922-1995). [SNU] GW: 1ex (Mt. Odaesan: 17.vii.1962); 1ex (Wonju: 12.ix.1997). GS: 7ex (Mt. Myeongjisan, Namyangju-G, Suwon: vii-ix.1982-1998). CBN: 4ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Daejeon: vi-viii.1983-1997). JBN: 57ex (Jinan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Jirisan: vi-viii.1968-1998). [KU] NK: 1ex (Mt. Naegeumgang: 16.xi.1930). GW: 33ex (Goseong, Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Odaesan, Mt. Chiaksan: vii-viii.1958-1992). GS: 14ex (Pocheon, Namyangju-G, Seoul, Mt. Yongmunsan: vi-ix.1931-1985). CBN: 11ex (Mt. Gyeryongsan: vii-ix.1973-1979). GBN: 32ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Bulyeong, Yeongju, Munkyeong, Mt. Juwangsan, Gyeongju: vi-vii.1967-1990). JBN: 6ex (Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Baegyangsan, Mt. Jirisan: vii-viii.1974-1985). JJ: 4ex (vii-viii.1931- 1974). [EWU] GW: 7ex (Mt. Chiaksan, Jinburyeong, Geojin, Mt. Odaesan: viii.1955-1983). GS: 2ex Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Melolonthinae 159

(Mt. Yongmunsan, Is. Seonmido: vii.1956, 1965). CBN: 4ex (Yeonpung, Mt. Gyeryongsan: vii, viii. 1969-1987). GBN: 4ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, 29.vii.1983). [HSU] CN: 8ex (Seosan: v-vi.1996, 1997). [HNHM - NK] PB: 1ex (Mt. Myohyangsan: 17.viii.1956); 4ex (12-14.ix.1980); 3ex (13-15.vii.1982); 1ex (5.vii.1991). WB: 1ex (Soheung-ho near Sariwon: 29.ix.1978). GW: 5ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: 9- 12.vii.1977). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 421 specimens →v-x(v- 2 vi- 83 vii- 220, viii- 97, ix- 18, x- 1 specimens). BIOLOGY: Murayama, 1929b: 43 (Is. Jejudo- adults hibernation), Nakayama and Okamoto, 1940: 198 (H. bicaloreus; eating apple leaves).

Tribe Melolonthini Leach in Samouelle, 1819: 189. Wang-pung-deng-i-jog (왕풍뎅이족)

Melolonthidæ Leach in Samouelle, 1819.

Very large sized scarabs. Body covered with pubescence or microscopic scales. Antennae with 10 antennomeres including 4-7 antennomere club. Pronotum with lamellaform apical margin, disc covered with setae. Metepimeron large. Type genus: Melolontha Fabricius, 1775.

GENERA 16 in the Palaearctic Region (2 in Korea). SPECIES approximately 200 in Palaearctic (3 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide. KEY REFERENCE: Murayama (1954), Kim (2001b).

Key to the genera and species of tribe Melolonthini

1. Length greater than 30 mm; reddish brown to blackish brown; dorsal surface with irregular pat- terns composed of very short, greyish white to yellowish white scales. Antennal club with 7 antennomeres, length greater than stalk in males; with 5 antennomeres, length shorter than stalk in females·····················································································Polyphylla laticollis manchurica - Length less than 33 mm; pale to dark brown; dorsal side covered with pale brownish setae, but without pattern. Antennal club length approximately 2 times that of stalk································· ·······················································································Melolontha········································2 2. Pronotum with more than 10 brown setae in each lateral ridge. Metasternal process with large base, enlarged to procoxa ····························································································M. incana - Pronotum with approximately 26 setae in each lateral ridge. Metasternal process with weakly narrowed base, enlarged to mesocoxa ······································································M. insulana 160 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Genus Polyphylla Harris, 1841: 30. Su-yeom-pung-deng-i-sog (수염풍뎅이속)

Macronoxia Crotch, 1873.

Largest scarab species in Korea with the exception of the Allomyrina species (Dynastidae). Dorsal surface with variegated patterns of very short, white scales. Several Nearctic species with long, longitudinal white scale patterns are so called ‘lined june beetles’. Antennae with 10 antennomeres including 7 antennomere club in male, 5 antennomere club in female. Protibiae with 2-3 outer teeth. Tarsal claws with 2 equal teeth near base. In Korea, one species was recorded with many misspelled subspecies names. Type species: Melolontha variolosa Hentz, 1830.

SPECIES 65 [in Palaearctic (Löbl and Smetana, 2006)], 32 [in Nearctic (Smith, 2002)] (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Holarctic Region. KEY REFERENCE: Nijiima and Kinoshita (1923), Dewailly (1948).

81. Polyphylla laticollis manchurica Semenov, 1900 (Pls. 7-69, 15-69, 20-69) Su-yeom-pung-deng-i (수염풍뎅이)

Polyphylla laticollis Lewis, 1882: 231: Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 68; Okamoto, 1924: 174; Kamijo, 1932: 21; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 68; Murayama, 1954: 133; Cho, 1956: 77 (Su-yeom-P-D-I); 1957: 300; 1963: 218; 1969: 673; Cho et al., 1968: 264; KZS, 1968: 137; Kim et al., 1975: 243; 1982a: 156; 1982b: 276; Kim, 1978: 343; Stebnicka, 1980: 207; Park and Kim, 1993: 113; Kim, 1993: 65; 1998c: 356; 2001b: 47; Lie et al., 1997: 53. Polyphylla laticollis mandschurica Semenov, 1900: 308(Manchuria): Dewailly, 1948: 108. Polyphylla laticollis mandshurica: Reitter, 1902: 271. Polyphylla laticollis mandsurica: Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 68; Cho, 1957: 300; KZS, 1968: 137. Polyphylla laticollis manchurica: ESK and KSAE, 1994: 151. Polyphylla chinensis manchurica: Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 68; Stebnicka, 1980: 207. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Su-yeom-pung-deong-i (Cho, 1956; 1969); Man-ju-su-yeom-P-D-I (KZS, 1968 and 2 others, including P. mandsurica).

Largest species of Korean Melolonthinae. Body thick, oval, deep reddish brown; dorsal surface with irregular patterns of very short, greyish white to yellowish white scales. Clypeus quadrate, straight, with right angled apical margins, surface with some yellowish white scales. Antennae with 10 antennomeres, including 7 antennomere club that curves medially, club length 1.5 times length of stalk in males, 6 antennomere club club shorter than stalk in females. Thoracic sterna covered with long, dense, grey to yellow setae. Abdominal sternites with indistinct setae. Protibia with 2 outer teeth in males, 3 in females. Mesotibiae and Metatibiae with long setae on inner sides. Tarsal claws with internal tooth short, sharp, projected at a right angled near base. Ad: Slender, long, with especially long parameres. Basal piece simple, round, with moderately large basal part; Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Melolonthinae 161 width of connecting part with median piece is about a half its length. Median piece nearly ball- shaped. Parameres slender, long, curved medially, cylindrical; apex tapered, strongly curved ventrally. LPMB=about 2:1:4. BL: 30-37 mm. BW: 16-19 mm. LARVAE: Zhang, 1984: 67 (P. laticollis).

DISTRIBUTION: China, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- PB Euiju, Shineuiju, PN Pyeongyang, WH Mt. Jeongbangsan, SK- GS Deokeun-ri, Seoul (Sinchon, Yeonhee-dong, Seogang, 2nd Hangang bridge, Yeongdeungpo), CN Nonsan Gyeonggang, GB Daegu. JJ Jejudo. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (24 adults and 49 larvae): [SWU] CN: 2♂1♀(Gyeonggang Nonsan: vi.1999); 49 larvae (under the large bridge Hwangsan Gyeonggang: 21.iv.2005). [KU] WH: 1ex (Mt. Jeong- bangsan: xi.1935). [EWU] GS: 12ex (Seoul-C: v-vii.1955-1969). [HNHM - NK] PY: 8ex (Micheon- ho Mt. Daeseongsan: 8.vii.1982). BIOLOGY: Kim (1998c: 351) note a sudden decline in this species after 1970. The larvae live in accumulated debris from dead waterside plants such as reeds. The conversion of waterside environments has been an important factor in the decline of this species.

Genus Melolontha Fabricius, 1775: 31. Wang-pung-deng-i-sog (왕풍뎅이속)

Oplosternus Guérin-Méneville, 1838. Apropyga Medvedev, 1951(Type species: Melolontha aceris Faldermann, 1835).

Most specimens are greater than 20 mm in length. Antennae with 10 antennomeres including 7 antennomere club with length greater than 3 times that of stalk in males, 6 antennomere club short in females. Eyes large, width approximately equal to interocular distance. Metasternum with an apical projection extending between mesocoxae. Protibiae with a spiny seta on inner side. Tarsal claws with a tooth near base. Larvae are noxious pests of many plants. In Korea, 4 species were recorded, but 2 of them were misidentified as Japanese species. Type species: Scarabaeus melolontha Linnaeus, 1758.

SPECIES approximately 140 in Palaearctic (Löbl and Smetana, 2006) (2 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Palaearctic Region. KEY REFERENCE: Nijiima and Kinoshita (1923), Murayama (1954).

82. Melolontha incana (Motschulsky, 1853)(Pls. 7-70, 15-70, 21-70) Wang-pung-deng-i (왕풍뎅이)

Oplosternus incanus Motschulsky, 1853: 46. Melolontha incana: Arrow, 1913: 401; Niijima and Kinoshita, 63; Saito, 1928: 12; Maruta, 1929: 368; 162 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Kamijo, 1932: 21; Haku, 1935: 57; Masaki, 1936: 260; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 91; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 69; Cho, 1957: 300, 1969: 674; KZS, 1968: 137 (Wang-P-D-I); KSPP, 1972: 207; Kim et al., 1972b: 197; 1975: 243; 1982a: 156; 1982b: 276; 1984b: 328; Gu, 1973: 163; Kim, 1978: 346; Shin, 1979: 144; Yoon et al., 1979: 150; 1981: 47; 1990b: 110; Nam and Kim, 1982: 129; Kim et al., 1989: 176; 1991b: 67; 1991e: 179; 1994b: 111; 1996b: 127; 1997: 234; 1998: 170; 1999: 129; 2001: 132; 2002: 120; 2003: 126; 2004: 116; 2005: 79; Park and Kim, 1993: 113; Park et al., 1993: 178; 137; Kim, 1993: 65; 1995a: 164; 1995b: 139; 1996c: 174; 1998c; 357; 2000: 132; 2001b: 48; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150; Lie et al., 1997: 59. Hoplosternus incanus: Stebnicka, 1980: 261; Lie et al., 1997: 59. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Han-kuk-wang-P-D-I (Gu, 1973), Ga-ru-P-D-I (KSPP, 1972). TYPE LOCALITY: China.

Body reddish brown to dark brown, shiny, completely covered with very short greyish white to yellowish white setae or scales. Clypeus nearly quadrate; with lower, flat apical margin. Antennae with 10 antennomeres, including 7 antennomere club that curves medially, club length 2 times length of stalk in males, 6 antennomere club length half stalk length in females. Pronotum with hollows of lateral margins bearing long, brown setae. Metasternal process with large base, extending to procoxae. Protibia with 3 outer teeth, 3rd tooth rudimentary. Tarsal claws long, strongly curved; internal tooth wide, very short, right angled near base. Ad: Jar-shaped with very long mouth part; widest at junction of parameres and median piece, increasingly narrow towards basal part, roundly projected dorsally, moderately large vertally. Basal piece with length 1.7 times length of median piece. Parameres slightly longer than basal piece, strongly tapered towards median part; with 2 long, stumpy, short outer lobes; inwardly curved apex with sharp, birds head shape. BL: 26-33 mm. BW: 13-16.5 mm. LARVAE: Murayama, 1931: 48; Medvedev, 1952: 98(H. incanus), Zhang, 1984: 59 (H. incanus).

DISTRIBUTION: northern China, eastern Siberia, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Kyeongseong, Musan, JG Ganggye, HN Bujeonryeong, Hamheung, PB Shineuiju, Suncheon, PY Mt. Ryongaksan, WN Haeju, GW Mt. Geumgangsan, SK- About 700 specimens from about 100 sites from 80 regions in the mountains, plains and islands across the entire country including Seoul (15 sites). SPECIMEN EXAMINED (455 specimens): [SWU] GW: 12ex (Inje, Chuncheon Wonju, Gangneung, Myeongju, Samcheok: vii-viii.1980-2000); 5ex (Buyeon valley Mt. Odaesan: 19.viii.2001); 2♂♂ (Chuncheon Bangha-ri: 20.vii.2009). GS: 41ex (Is. Deogjeokdo, Is. Baek-ado, Is. Ijakdo, Is. Ganghwa- do, Paju, Goyang, Yangju-G, Pocheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Namyangju-G, Seoul, Yangpyeong, Gwangju, Anyang, Anseong: vii-ix.1977-1998). CBN: 13ex (Jungwon, Chungju, Cheongju, Taean, Boryeong, Mt. Mansusan: viii-x.1987-2000); 3ex (Chungju Mt. Namsan: 27.ix.2000); 1ex (Mt. Cheondeungsan: 5.viii.2002). GBN: 2ex (Mt. Seondalsan: 29.vi.1998); 19ex (Bonghwa, Yeongpung, Yecheon, Daegu, Jungsalli, Jinju, Ulsan, Busan: vi-ix.1981-1998). JBN: 4ex (Wanju, Buan: vi-viii.1990-1996). [NAAS] NK: 1ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: vii.1924). GW: 21ex (Geumhwa, Chuncheon, Hongcheon, Hoengseong, Pyeongchang Wonju, Yeongweol: vii-ix.1981-1994). GG: 61ex (Mt. Soyosan, Namyangju-G, Gwang- ju, Incheon, Suwon, Anseong: vi-ix.1922-1997). CBN: 44ex (Jincheon, Okcheon, Yeongdong, Is. Anmyeondo, Seonghwan, Gongju, Sudeoksa, Nonsan: vii-viii.1974-1998). GBN: 74ex (Bonghwa, Sangju, Geumreung, Gumi, Hadong, Jinyang, Yangsan: vii-viii.1922-1997). JBN: 5ex (Muju, Ham- an, Gwangyang: vii-viii.1992, 1993). JJ: 3ex (3.vi.1984). [SNU] GW: 3ex (Wonju: viii.1996, 1997). Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Melolonthinae 163

GS: 20ex (Is. Ganghwado, Pocheon, Gapyeong, Namyangju-G, Suwon, Yong-in: v-ix.1982-1997). CBN: 1ex (Geumsan: 29.vi.1994). GBN: 1ex (Pohang: 25.viii.1996). JBN: 5ex (Jinan, Mt. Jirisan: vii- viii. 1968, 1970, 1994). [KU] GW: 2ex (Gachilbong, Mt. Chiaksan: vii.1975, 1981). GS: 22ex (Is. Jagyakdo, Namyangju-G, Mt. Yongmunsan, Seoul, Yongin, Songtan: v-x.1929-1989). CBN: 5ex (Mt. Soknisan, Jochiwon, Mt. Gyeryongsan: 28.vii-ix.1957-1988). GBN: 2ex (Gyeongju: vii.1967); 2ex (Namhae: vii.1976). JBN: 2ex (Mt. Jirisan, Haenam: viii.1972-1982). [EWU] GW: 15ex (Nam-isum, Chuncheon, Yangyang, Mt. Seolaksan, Gangneung, Mt. Chiaksan: vii-viii.1954-1994). GS: 35ex (Pocheon-G, Yangju-G, Seoul, Suwon, Gwangju, Is. Ganghwado, Is. Deogjeokdo: vi-x.1954-1981). CBN: 14ex (Okcheon, Daejeon, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Cheonripo, Mallipo: vii, viii.1969-1971). GBN: 11ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Munkyeong, Bonghwa, Guryongpo, Namhae: vii-viii.1971-1983). JBN: 6ex (Mt. Deokyusan, Jeonju, Imsil: vi-viii.1959-1974). [HSU] CN: 3ex (Seosan Haemi: vii, viii.1994, 1997). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 381 specimens →v-x(v- 2, vi- 18, vii- 195, viii- 145, ix- 18, x- 3 specimens). BIOLOGY: Saito, 1928: 12; Kim and Kang, 1993: 415.

83. Melolontha insulana (Moser, 1918) (Pls. 7-71, 15-71, 21-71) Ggo-ma-wang-pung-deng-i (꼬마왕풍뎅이)

Hoplosternus insulana Moser, 1918: 246. Melolontha insulana: Kim, 2001b: 49(Ggo-ma-wang-P-D-I). TYPE LOCALITY: Taiwan.

Similar to M. incana, but differing in pronotum with about 26 setae in each lateral row. Head with punctures large, rough, bearing grey, weakly reclined setae. Clypeus with reflexed apical margin. Scutellum semicircular, with fine, scattered punctures and short setae. Metasternal process with narrowed base, extended to mesocoxae. Protibia with 2 outer teeth. Elytra with 3 longitudinal carinae including indistinct outer carina, with fine, dense interstitial punctures. Abdominal sternites very densely covered with grey setae, except medially; lateral pleurites with a white setae pattern. Pygidium with nearly round basal margin. BL: 29-30 mm. BW: 14-15 mm (BL: 23.5 mm. BW: 11.5 mm, one specimen collected in Korea).

DISTRIBUTION: Taiwan, Korea. KOREA: ? Central Korea. SPECIMEN EXAMINED: [SWU] 1♂(lost label).

Removed Melolontha Species from the Korean Fauna

Early authors classified this species according to the length of the metasternal process, but this character is highly variable. Following species are perhaps misidentified H. incana. 164 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

1. Melolontha frater Arrow, 1913. Keun-pung-deng-i (큰풍뎅이)

Melolontha frater Arrow, 1913: 400: Nagaoka, 1938: 25; Murayama, 1954: 131; Cho, 1969: 674 (Keun- P-D-I); Hyun and Woo, 1969: 193 (Wang-mu-neui-P-D-I); KSPP, 1972: 207; Kim, 1978: 345; Yoon and Nam, 1979: 150; Kim and Nam, 1981: 125; 1984b: 328; 1985: 105; Nam and Kim, 1982: 129; Park and Cho, 1986: 128; Kim et al., 1991b: 179; 1991e: 67; Park and Kim, 1993: 113; Park et al., 1993: 178; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150 (Keun-P-D-I); Lie et al., 1997: 56.

2. Melolontha japonica Burmeister, 1855. Il-bon-pung-deng-i (일본풍뎅이)

Melolontha japonica Burmeister, 1855: 400: Cho et al., 1967: 197; Kim, 1956: 9; 1958: 98; 1960: 27; Gu, 1973: 73 (Wang-P-D-I); Kim and Nam, 1984b: 328 (Owae-kong-P-D-I); Park and Kim, 1993: 113; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150 (Il-bon-pung-deng-i). Hoplosternus japonicus Harold, 1875: Bates, 1888: 373; Stebnicka, 1980: 207.

Taxa Removes from the Korean List of Melolonthinae

1. Cyphochilus farinosus Waterhouse, 1867

Cyphochilus farinosus Waterhouse, 1867: 143: Stebnicka, 1980: 207; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 150 → northern Chinese species, error in the preparation of the distribution table.

2. Pollaplonyx flavidus Waterhouse, 1875

Pollaplonyx flavidus Waterhouse, 1875: 105 (Japan): Park et al., 1993: 178 (Mt. Jirisan, Baemsagol) → specimen cannot be found in the corresponding collection, likely a misidentification.

Subfamily Sericinae Kirby 1837: 128. U-dan-pung-deng-i-a-gwa (우단풍뎅이아과)

Sericidae Kirby, 1837.

The subfamily Sericinae is characterized by mesotibial and metatibial spurs widely separated; tarsal claws curved inwardly, proclaws in male asymmetrical; abdominal sternites with 5 visible segments; most small in size with dark to brown coloration. Adults are phytophagous, generally Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Sericinae 165 nocturnal, and stay underground during the daytime. Larvae are very harmful to plant roots, but their ecological and morphological aspects are poorly known. In Korea, about 55 specific names have been recorded, but about half of them were based on misidentifications. Type genus: Serica MacLeay, 1819.

SUBTRIBES OF SERICINI 3 of Phyllotocina, Trochalina, Sericina (Sabatinelli and Pontuale, 1998) (1 in KOREA: Sericina). GENERA approximately 200 (Ahrens, 2007a) (5 in Korea). SPECIES more than 3,500 (Ahrens, 2007a) [725 in the Palaearctic Region (Sabatinelli and Pontuale, 1998)] (27 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide. KEY REFERENCE: Brenske (1897), Reitter (1902), Moser (1915, 1915b), Sawada (1937b), Murayama (1935, 1938b, 1941, 1941a), Medvedev (1952a), Kim and Lee (1991f, 1997b), Kim and Kim (2003a, 2003b, 2003c), Ahrens (2007, 2007a, 2007b); Gastroserica herzi=Murayama (1930b); Maladera infuscate=Ahrens (2003).

Key to the genera and some species of subfamily Sericinae

1. Proepimeron with transverse groove basally. Antennae with 10 antennomeres including 4 anten- nomere club in males, 3 antennomere club in females. Width between mesocoxae equal to width of femora ····················gen. Gastroserica·············· Small, elongate oval, with sharp pronotal basal angles in smaller individuals. Yellowish brown but with greenish black head; with 2 longitudinal bands large, pearly black from pronotum to lateral parts of elytral suture and each side of elytra. Color is highly variable from completely yellowish brown to completely black ··· ········································································································································G. herzi - Proepimeron without transverse groove basally ······································································2 2. Width between mesocoxae equal to or greater than width of femora········································3 - Width between mesocoxae half width of femora ······································································4 3. Width between mesocoxae equal to width of femora. Dorsal surface covered with fine, dense setae. Elytral apex membranous. Antennae with 9 antennomeres including 3 antennomere club in both sexes. Tarsi with short, rowed, setae on underside ············gen. Paraserica ······Strongly shiny black, metallic luster when viewed at certain angles. Antennal club blackish brown. Mouthparts, antennal stalks, tibiae and tarsi red to dark reddish brown. Pronotum with punc- tures and short, very dense; setae reclined, mixed with some erect setae························P. grisea - Width between mesocoxae greater than width of femora. Dorsal side without or with very sparce setae. Elytral apex not membranous. Antennae with 9 antennomeres including 3 antennomere club in both sexes ·········································································································Maladera 4. Metafemora strongly shiny, metacoxae with transverse groove. Antennae with 9 antennomeres including more than 4 antennomeres in club in males, 3 antennomere club in female···Sericania - Metacoxae without transverse groove. Antennae with 9 antennomeres···································5 5. Metafemora weakly velvety, lustrous, hind margin fine, with saw blade-like teeth at apical 2/3rd; outside of tibiae with longitudinally waved wrinkles. Elytral apex membranous. Dorsal surface without black pattern ····························································································Nipponoserica - Metafemora strongly shiny, hind margin with weak saw blade-like near apex; outside of tibiae without longitudinal wrinkle, with 2-3 short, protruding spines. Elytral apex not generally membranous ·····················································································································Serica 166 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Genus Gastroserica Brenske, 1897b: 412. Jul-u-dan-pung-deng-i-sog (줄우단풍뎅이속)

The characters of this genus include the antennae with 10 antennomeres, antennal club with 4 antennomeres in males, 3 in females; prothorax with disc angles projected apically, epimeron transeversally grooved basally; space between mesocoxae as wide as width of femora. The Korean species is very common. Type species: Serica marginalis Brenske, 1894 (by subsequent designation Nomura 1973).

SPECIES 6 (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Manchrian subregion in the Palaearctic Region. KEY REFERENCE: Murayama (1930b), Kim (2001b).

84. Gastroserica herzi (Heyden, 1887) (Pls. 8-72, 15-72, 21-72) Jul-u-dan-pung-deng-i (줄우단풍뎅이)

Serica herzi Heyden, 1887: 264 (Korea); Bates, 1888: 372. Microserica hertzi: Reitter, 1902: 143. Gastroserica herzi: Brenske, 1897: 414; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 36; Murayama, 1930b: 58; 1935: 4; 1937: 34; 1938: 15; 1954: 74; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 91; Nagaoka, 1940: 474; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 60; Cho, 1957: 297; 1969: 663 (Jul-u-dan-P-D-I); Hyun and Woo, 1969: 193; Nakane, 1973: 63; Kim et al., 1972a: 83; 1974a: 229; 1974b: 108; 1975: 239; 1976: 102; 1982a: 129; 1982b: 276; Kim, 1978: 338; Stebnicka, 1980: 250; Kim, 1981: 344; 1992: 105; 1993: 65; 1995a: 164; 2001b: 55; Yoon and Nam, 1990b: 110; Kim et al., 1986: 104; 1987b: 505; 1991b: 67; 1991e: 179; 1994b: 111; 1996: 58; 1996a: 127; 1999: 129; 2002: 120; 2003: 126; 2004: 116; Park and Park, 1987: 673; Park and Kim, 1993: 112; Park et al., 1993: 178; Lee et al., 1994: 147; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 151. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Cham-jul-u-dan-P-D-I (Cho, 1969 and 10 others). TYPE LOCALITY: Korea.

Body small, elongate oval, with sharp pronotal basal angles in smaller individuals, yellowish brown with greenish black head in frontal and basal areas; 2 pearly black, large longitudinal lines from pronotum to lateral parts of elytral suture and each side of elytra. Color variations great from completely yellowish brown to completely black. Clypeus nearly quadrate, sides parallel, apical angles round, with apical margins weakly emarginate medially. Frons length equal to that of clypeus, with punctures bearing setae. Antennal club with 4 antennomeres, length greater than stalk in males; club with 3 antennomeres, shorter than stalk in females. Pronotum convex medially with scattered punctures bearing fine setae; lateral margins round, strongly narrowed apically. Legs short but robust; femora very large; tibiae with dense setae; tarsal claws symmetric in both sexes, lower tooth of male blade like. Pygidium strongly convex, with fine punctures and setae, setae more dense at apical margin. BL: 6-8.5 mm, BW: 3.5-4.5 mm. Fine Structure of Elytral Punctures and Diffraction Gratings: Kim and Kim (2003c). Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Sericinae 167

DISTRIBUTION: Manchuria, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Hoeryeong, HN Bujeon-plateau, Songheung-ri, Usi, PB Mt. Myohyang- san Jowoncham and Mureungcham, PN Anju, GW Nangok, SK- About 2,000 specimens from about 130 sites from 90 regions in the mountains and plains across the entire mainland including Seoul (5 sites). SPECIMEN EXAMINED (1,599 specimens): [SWU] GW: 75ex (Goseong, Mt. Seolaksan, Yangyang, Bukpyeong, Inje, Yangku, Wonju, Pyeongchang-C, Taebaek: vi-viii.1976-1996); 2ex (Buyeon valley Mt. Odaesan: 20.vi.2001); 2ex (Chuncheon Bagam-ri: 10.vii.2009). GS: 358ex (Gapyeong-G, Yangju- G, Paju-G, Incheon-C, Seoul-C, Yangpyeong, Gwangju-G, Seongnam, Anyang, Suwon, Is. Deogjeok- do, Ganghwa-G: v-ix.1958-1999). CBN: 2ex (Chungju (Mts. Cheondeungsan, Namsan/Gyemyeong- san): 5.viii.2002); 17ex (17.vi.2003); 39ex (Mt. Soknisan, Mt. Wolaksan, Cheongwon, Mt. Gwangdeok- san, Mt. Gayasan, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Mt. Mansusan: v-viii.1989-1999). GBN: 46ex (Mt. Seondalsan: 29.vi-3.vii.1998); 53ex (Yeongju, Munkyeong, Bonghwa, Yeongpung, Mt. Sobaeksan, Mt. Juwangsan, Pohang, Masan, Geoje-G, Temp. Naewonsa, Temp. Tongdosa: v-viii.1965-1998). JBN: 78ex (Go- chang, Buan, Iri, Joengeub, Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Jirisan, Seungju, Gwangyang: v-viii.1985-1994). [NAAS] GS: 6ex (Suwon: vi-viii.1980-1989). CBN: 3ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Geumsan, Gongju: v-vii. 1980-1983). JB: 10ex (Mt. Naejangsan: 10.vi.1975). JN: 5ex (Boseong, Is. Jindo: vi.1973, 1974); [SNU] GW-1ex (Mt. Odaesan: 17.vii.1962); 1ex (Cheolwon: vi.1992). GS: 188ex (Mt. Myungjisan, Gwang- neung, Icheon, Yangpyung, Seoul →Anyang →Suwon →Baran, Mt. Ma-isan: v, vi.1982-1997). CB: 5ex (Mt. Wolaksan: vi.1992); 1ex (Mt. Soknisan: vi.1973); 2ex (Cheongju: 3.vii.1983). CN: 1ex (Mt. Gyeryongsan: 10.vii.?). GN: 1ex (Busan: vi.1991). JN: 122ex (Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Mu- deungsan, Dapgok, Chusan, Suncheon, Seungju: vi-viii.1968-1997). [KU] GW: 16ex (Mt. Odaesan, Hongcheon, Hwacheon, Gangchon, Nam-isum, Mt. Chiaksan, Yangyang: iv-vii.1968-1994). GS: 341ex (Gapyeong-G, Pocheon-G, Yangju-G, Mt. Yongmunsan, Seoul, Suwon, Anyang, Yong-in, Is. Seokmodo: iv-viii.1935-2000). CBN: 13ex (Mt. Soknisan, Mt. Minjujisan, Cheongju, Mt. Gye- ryongsan: vi-vii.1960-2000). GB: 110ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Mt. Hwanghaksan, Mt. Cheongryangsan, Mt. Juwangsan, Mt. Taehaengsan, Mt. Gayasan, Munkyeong, Yeongju, Bulyeong: iv-viii.1933- 1996). JBN: 216ex (Muju, Mt. Naejangsan, Naebyeonsan, Minryeong, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Duryunsan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Jogyesan: v-viii.1957-1998). [EWU] GW: 2ex (Gangchon: vi.1973, 1975); 2ex (Jinburyeong: vii.1983). GS: 28ex (Pocheon-G, Yangju-G, Namyangju-G, Mt. Dobongsan, Is. Gang- whado: v-vii, ix.1966-1989). [HSU] CN: 23ex (Seosan: v-vi.1994-1997). [HNHM - NK] PB: 1ex (Mt. Myohyangsan: 14.vii.1982). WN: 4ex (Mt. Suyangsan Haeju: 31.vii.1982). GW: 1ex (Mt. Geumgan- san: 29.v.1970); 2ex (4.viii.1975); 3ex (9.vii.1977); 17ex (17-22.vi.1988); 1ex (11.vii.1991); 1ex (Soktan ?: 5.vii.1956); 2ex (Tschon-Bon-San ?: 1.vii.1956). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 1,402 specimens →iv-ix (iv- 11, v- 107, vi- 725, vii- 477, viii- 78, ix- 4 specimens). BIOLOGY: Kim and Kang, 1993: 415.

Genus Paraserica Reitter, 1896: 183. Hoe-saeg-u-dan-pung-deng-i-sog (회색우단풍뎅이속)

The genus is characterized by the antennae with 9 antennomeres including 3 antennomere club 168 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti in both sexes; proepimeron without transverse groove basally; elytral apex membranous; width between mesocoxae half width of femora; metatarsi with short, rows of scales at underside; dorsal surface covered with fine, dense setae. The type species is endemic to Japan, and the Korean species is not distributed in Japan. According to some early authors, Serica polita was confused with S. grisea (now Paraserica grisea) in Japanese samples. Type species: Serica grisea Motschulsky, 1866 by monotypy.

SPECIES 2 in the Palaearctic Region (1 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Palaearctic Region (Taiwan, Korea, Japan).

85. Paraserica grisea (Motschulsky, 1866) Hoe-saeg-u-dan-pung-deng-i (회색우단풍뎅이)

Serica grisea Motschulsky, 1866: 171: Sawada, 1937b: 12. Paraserica grisea: Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 55; Cho, 1957: 296; KZS, 1968: 136 (P. geisea: Hoe-saeg-U-d- P-D-I); Stebnicka, 1980: 206; Yoon and Nam, 1986: 159; Kim, 2001b: 60. TYPE LOCALITY: Japan (Serica polita).

Body black, shiny, with metallic luster when viewed at certain angles; dorsal surface covered with fine, dense setae; antennal club blackish brown, reddish to dark reddish brown antennal stalks, mouth parts, tibiae and tarsi; elytra frequently reddish to dark reddish brown, clypus and pronotum sometimes this color. Eyes small. Antennae with 9 antennomeres including 3 anten- nomere club in both sexes, club length 2 times length of stalk in males, approximately equal in length in females. Pronotum with punctures, covered with short, very dense, reclined setae; setae mixed with both reclined and erect; anterior and lateral margins covered with pubescence. Elytral apex membranous. Hind legs not saw blade like basally; tarsi with short, rows of scales on under- side. This species is often confused with Serica polita. BL: 7-9 mm. BW: 4-5 mm. Fine Structure of the Compound Eyes: Gokan (1982).

DISTRIBUTION: Korea. KOREA: North Korea?. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- 1♀ (Nanam: 19.vi.1935) and 1♀ (Sanbo: 8.vi.1936, Takeuchi) by Sawada (1937); Iss. Hachuja-gundo (the Yoon and Nam, 1985 specimens do not exist). SPECIMEN EXAMINED: None. REMARKS: This species problematic taxonomical problem and the Korean distribution needs to be reexamined.

Genus Maladera Mulsant and Rey, 1871: 599. Ae-u-dan-pung-deng-i-sog (애우단풍뎅이속)

Neoserica Brenske, 1894. Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Sericinae 169

Autoserica Brenske, 1897. Lepiserica Brenske, 1901. Microserica Medvedev, 1952. Eumaladera Nomura, 1967.

Body oval, dorsal setae undeveloped. Using the original description: Antennae with 10 antenno- meres; tarsal claw with a tooth near base; elytral length 1.5 times length of pronotum; however, there are some species with 9 antennomeres. Following characters can be used to supplement those given above: Antennal club with 3 antennomeres in both sexes; proepimeron without trans- verse groove; width between median coxae greater than width of femora. Species in this genus eat plants roots or humus, but some species are noxious pests on vegitation. In Korea, more 30 specific names under 4 genera have been recorded, but more half of them were erroneous. Type species: Scarabaeus holosericea Scopoli, 1772.

SPECIES more than 500 (14 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Mainly in the Palaearctic, Oriental and Ethiopian Regions. KEY REFERENCE: Brenske (1897), Reitter (1902), Moser (1915, 1915b), Sawada (1937b), Murayama (1954), Kim and Lee (1991f, 1997b), Kim (2001b), Kim and Kim (2003a, 2003b, 2003c), Ahrens (2007, 2007a, 2007b).

Key to the species of genus Maladera

1. Body oval, dorsal side with metallic luster. Abdominal sternites and pygidium covered with dense setae ···············································································································M. coreana - Body oval to elliptic, dorsal side velvety or pearly lustrous. Abdominal sternites covered with scattered setae ························································································································2 2. Clypeus with median longitudinal carina. Dorsal surface with pearly luster ·························3 - Clypeus convex or completely flat, without median longitudinal carina. Dorsal surface velvety, except in M. opaciventris··········································································································6 3. Body length greater than 8 mm. Male antennal club length equal to or shorter than stalk······4 - Body length less than 7.5 mm. Male antennal club length greater than stalk··························5 4. Vertex with some setae. Male antennal club length approximately equal to stalk ·····M. verticalis - Vertex with distinct, longitudinal, setal row. Male antennal club length shorter than stalk ······· ·····················································································································M. castanea koreana 5. Body bright brown to reddish brown, with pearly lustrous vertex. Dorsal setae sparse ············ ··································································································································M. ovatula - Body goldish yellow, with velvety vertex. Dorsal setae scattered ·····························M. aureola 6. Metatarsi with a row of internal setae·····················································································7 - Metatarsi without a row of internal setae ···············································································9 7. Clypeus large but narrowed apically; with shiny, weakly wrinkled carina················M. renardi - Clypeus narrow, weakly narrowed apically, with weak luster and deeply wrinkled costa ······8 8. Male antennal club curved, club length approximately 2 times length of stalk. Metafemora slender and long, tibial spurs shorter than metatarsomere 1 ································M. holosericea - Male antennal club straight, club length half that of stalk. Metafemora large, tibial spurs longer than metatarsomere 1 ·························································································M. schoenfeldti 170 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

9. Abdominal sternites 3 and 4 with step-like raised medial parts··························M. gibbiventris - Abdominal sternites without raised medial parts ·································································10 10. Clypeus narrow, parallel sided, with luster and weakly wrinkled carinae. Vertex without setae. Protibiae with spurs of unequal lengths in males ···················································M. infuscata - Clypeus narrowed apically, without luster but with deep wrinkles·······································11 11. Abdominal sternites with longitudinal, indistinct setal row······································M. fusania - Abdominal sternites with distinct longitudinal setal row······················································12 12. Antennae with 10 antennomeres, dorsal side shiny············································M. opaciventris - Antennae with 9-10 antennomeres; dorsal side velvety, without luster ································13 13. Body length less than 8 mm. Metacoxae with a row of setae at basal margin ·······M. aorientalis - Body length greater than 8 mm. Metacoxae without setal row ·············································14 14. Abdominal sternites covered with dense setae and a distinct setal row·················M. cariniceps - Abdominal sternites sparsely covered with setae, setal row indistinct ····················M. laboriosa

86. Maladera holosericea (Scopoli, 1772) (Pls. 8-73, 15-73, 21-73) Hol-jjuk-u-dan-pung-deng-i (홀쭉우단풍뎅이)

Scarabaeus holosericea Scopoli, 1772: 77. Serica holosericea: Murayama, 1935a: 2; 1937a: 33; 1938b: 10; 1954: 52; Cho, 1969: 656 (Hol-jjuk-U-D- P-D-I). Maladera holosericea: KZS, 1968: 136; Stebnicka, 1980: 225; Kim and Lee, 1997b: 122; Kim, 2001b: 69. Serica holoserica (misspelling): Eguti, 1932: 57; Kim and Kim, 1974b: 229; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 154. Maladera holoserica (misspelling): Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 54; Cho, 1957: 124; Kim et al., 1987c: 505; 1991b: 67; 1996a: 127; Kim, 1992: 105; 1993: 65. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Gin-u-dan-P-D-I (KZS, 1968; Kim and Nam, 1982a).

Body more slender and longer than M. schoenfeldti, brown to blackish brown, dorsal side velvety (except clypeus). Clypeus weakly shiny, nearly quadrate, with large base, narrowed apically, weakly emarginate apical margin with very dense punctures. Frons with some setae and shallow punctures. Antennae with 10 antennomeres, yellowish brown, club length 2 times length of stalk in males, shorter than stalk in females. Pronotum with base nearly straight, apical angle of lateral margin rounded. Elytra with some setae in each lateral margin; interstices weakly convex; striae with fine, dense punctures. Abdominal sternites with a row of punctures bearing setae. Legs with femora slender, long, tibial spurs shorter than metatarsomere 1 in both sexes, metatarsi with a row of internal setae. Ad: Very slender, long. Median piece with asymmetrical lobes, apex narrowed. Parameres with right lobe long, curved inwardly, apex thickened; with left lobe short, curved, with sharp apex. BL: 7-8.7 mm. BW: 4-5 mm. Fine Structure of Elytral Punctures and Diffraction Gratings: Kim and Kim (2003c). LARVAE: Medvedev, 1952: 148.

DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Caucasus, Amur, Manchuria, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South, Is. Heuksando. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Kyeongseong, HN- Hyesanjin, Pungsan, Hamheung, PB Ganggye, Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Sericinae 171

Huchang, Mt. Myohyangsan, PY Pyeongyang, WH Haeju, Sariwon, Anak, Geumgyo, GW Mt. Geumgangsan, Nangok, GG Gaeseong, SK- About 200 specimens from about 40 sites from 30 regions in the mountains and plains across the entire mainland including Seoul (7 sites) and Is. Heuksando. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (147 specimens): [SWU] GW: 3ex (Ganseong, Bukpyeong, Mt. Chiaksan: v- viii.1984-1999). GS: 38ex (Pocheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Mt. Yongmunsan, Seoul, Seongnam: iv- viii.1966-1999); 2ex (Gapyeong: 26.v.; 29.ix.2003). CB: 1ex (Mt. Wolaksan: v.1987). CN: 1ex (Mt. Gyeryongsan: iv.1983). GB: 1ex (Mt. Palgongsan: v.1992); 1ex (Busan Geumjeong-gu Seon-dong: 30.vi.2003). JBN: 2ex (Mt. Deokyusan, Mt. Jirisan: v.1976, 1993); 1ex (Is. Gageodo Sinan: 1.v.2009). [NAAS] GS: 25ex (Suwon: iii-viii.1921-1989); JN- 3ex (Mokpo, Is. Heuksando: v-vii.1975-1984). [SNU] GW: 1ex (Mt. Chiaksan: 20.v.1983). GG: 22ex (Anyang- Gwangkyo- Suwon: iv-vi.1981-1990). CB: 1ex (Chungju: 19.v.1990). JB: 1ex (Muju: 12.v.1990). JN: 1ex (Mt. Jirisan: 21.vii.1981). [KU] GS: 3ex (Mt. Cheongkyesan, Mt. Gwanaksan: iv,v.1987-1990); 1ex (Dongkuneung: v.1966). CN: 1ex(Mt. Cheongryangsan: vi.1996). JN: 7ex (Mt. Jogyesan: v.1988); 1ex (Mt. Baekwunsan: v.1991). [HSU] CN: 2ex (Seosan: v, vi.1994, 1997). [EWU] GW: 1ex (Geojin: 14.viii.1980). GS: 10ex (Gapyeong-G, Mt. Yongmunsan, Seoul: v-viii.1964-1993). [HNHM - NK] YG: 1ex (Hyesan cemetery: 8.x.1978). PB- 6ex (Mt. Myohyangsan: 21, 22.v.1985); 6ex (23-28.v.1991). PN: 1ex (Kyollyong reservoir: 30.ix. 1978). GW- 1ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: 29.v.1970); 1ex(23.x.1987); 1ex (12.vi.1991). MONTHLY COLLECTION: All Korean 106 specimens →iii-ix (iii- 8, iv- 9, v- 47, vi- 30, vii- 2, viii- 7ex, x- 2, xi- 1 specimens).

87. Maladera coreana Kim and Kim, 2003 Han-guk-u-dan-pung-deng-i (한국우단풍뎅이)

Maladera coreana Kim and Kim, 2003: 83. Maladera nitidiceps Nomura, 1967 (misidentified); Stebnicka, 1980: 258-260. TYPE LOCALITY: Korea (South).

Body oval, reddish brown to dark brown, metallic luster on dorsal surface. Head large. Clypeus short, dark brown, with large, scattered punctures bearing setae. Antennae with 10 antennomeres, including 3 antennomere club with length equal to that of stalk. Pronotum with punctures deep, dense. Scutellum triangular, with rows of punctures that are deep, dense, smilar to those of prono- tum. Hind legs with coxae bearing large punctures, with lateral margins bearing erect setae; tibiae short but wide, with wrinkled punctures bearing setae. Abdominal sternites with longitudinal setal row. Pygidium flat triangular, velvety without luster, disc covered with punctures bearing setae or microscopic setae. Female: antennal club short, abdominal sternites convex. Ad: Cylin- drical, weakly slender, curved especially at connecting part of basal and median lobes. Basal piece very short, with projected basal part. Median piece flat, oval, with cylindrical base; right lobe straight, long, asymmetrical. Parameres with left lobe wide but short, weakly curved outwardly; left apex weakly projected, right lobe small, weakly connected to tip of median piece. BL: 8-9 mm. BW: 4.5-5.3 mm. Fine Structure of Elytral Punctures and Diffraction Gratings: Kim and Kim (2003c). 172 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

DISTRIBUTION: Korea proper. KOREA: North ?, Central, South. KOREAN RECORDS: See SPECIMEN EXAMINED. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (19 type specimens): [SWU] SE: 1♂ (Jongro-gu Gye-dong: 8.vi.1989 (Holotype)); 1♂ (Mt. Dobongsan: 30.iv.1998); 1♂1♀ (Sungbuk-gu Dongsun-d.: 11, 20.vi.2001); 1♀ (Ahnam-d.: 21.vi.1999); 1♂ (Yongsan: 14.iv.1996); 1♀ (Eunpyung Galhyun-d.: 19.v.1988); 1♀ (Seoneung: 1.viii.?); 1♀ (Mt. Gwanaksan: 1.ix.1993). GG- 1♂ (Mt. Soyosan: 24.vi.1986); 1♀ (Ilsan Mt. Jeongbalsan: 13.vi.2000); 1♀ (Suwon: 20.v.1970). CN: 1♂ (Mt. Gyeryongsan: 7.vi.1997); 1♀ (29.vii.1979). JB: 1♀ (Mt. Deokyusan: 23.vii.1990). JN: 3♂♂ (Is. Odongdo Yeosu: 8-9.viii.1994). GN: 1♀(Hapcheun: 23.viii.1984, Paratypes). REMARKS: Stebnicka (1980) report M. nitidiceps Nomura which is a Japanese species, from Pyeong- yang and Hyesanjin. But her description and figure of male aedeagus correspond to M. coreana. Therefore, it is likely that M. coreana is distributed in North Korea.

88. Maladera verticalis (Fairmaire, 1888) (Pls. 8-74, 15-74, 21-74) Bbal-gan-u-dan-pung-deng-i (빨간색우단풍뎅이)

Serica verticalis Fairmaire, 1888: 118: Murayama, 1954: 59; Cho, 1969: 659 (Bbal-gan-U-D-P-D-I); Kim et al., 1974b: 107; 1982: 155; Kim, 1981: 344. Aserica verticalis: Murayama, 1935a: 3; 1938a: 14; 1941: 20; Cho, 1957: 125; KZS, 1968: 136. Maladera verticalis: Stebnicka, 1980: 207; Kim et al., 1991a: 192; 1991b: 67; 1991e: 179; 1992b: 153; 1997b: 127; 1999: 129; 2001: 132; 2002: 120; 2003: 126; 2004: 117; Kim, 1992: 105; 1993: 65; 1996: 58; 1996a: 127; 1996c: 174; 1998: 170; 2000: 132; 2001b: 66; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 151. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Jom-bbal-gan-P-D-I (KZS, 1968; Kim and Kim, 1974), Jom-bbal-gan-u-d- P-D-I (Kim and Nam, 1982). TYPE LOCALITY: China.

Body oval, reddish brown to brown; dorsal surface with faint pearly luster, setae sparse. Clypeus shiny, with median longitudinal carina; punctures fine, very dense. Vertex with some setae. Eyes slightly projected; ocular canthus triangular, with shallow punctures and a terminal seta. Antennae yellowish brown, with 10 antennomeres, with 3 antennomere club with length as long as stalk in males, shorter than stalk in females. Pronotum with a black pattern lateromedially. Abdominal sternites with a row of punctures bearing setae. Legs short, robust. Protarsi with 2 claws of same form in both sexes. Metafemora width 2 times width of mesofemora, anterior margin weakly convex, disc smooth, with a row of punctures bearing setae at basal 1/4 position, Metatarsomere 1 as long as upper spur of mesotibiae, shorter than metatarsomeres 2-3 combined. Ad: Parameres with upper lobe short, curved, apex weakly enlarged. BL: 8-9.5 mm. BW: 4.3-6 mm. Fine Structure of Elytral Punctures and Diffraction Gratings: Kim and Kim (2003c). LARVAE: Zhang 1984: 92.

DISTRIBUTION: Mongolia, Manchuria, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Buryeong, HN Songheung, Sambang, PN Mt. Myohyangsan, PY Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Sericinae 173

Pyeongyang, GW Mt. Geumgangsan, WH Sariwon, Haeju, GG Gaeseong, ?- Eishû, Kyôjô, Naizôzan, Kanyó, SK- More 1,000 specimens from about 120 sites from 90 regions in the mountains, plains and islands across the entire country including Seoul. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (941 specimens): [SWU] GW: 98ex (Inje-G, Yangku, Chuncheon, Jeongseon, Wonju, Gangneung, Taebaek: vii-viii.1974-2000); 5ex (Buyeon valley Mt. Odaesan: 19.viii.2001). GS: 66ex (Pocheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Yangju-G, Seoul-C, Mt. Yongmunsan, Gwangju, Incheon-C, Suwon, Ongjin-G: v-xi.1972-2000). CBN: 45ex (Chungju, Mt. Soknisan, Danyang, Cheongju, Mt. Gwangdeoksan, Mt. Chilgabsan, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Is. Eocheongdo, Is. Anmyeondo: vi-viii.1964- 2000); 3ex [Chungju (Mts. Namsan, Cheondeungsan): 27.ix.2000]; 15ex (5, 28.viii.2002). GBN: 95ex (Seondalsan and Eoraesan: 29.vi-3.vii.1998); 82ex (Mt. Juwangsan, Mt. Biseulsan, Mt. Ilwolsan, Munkyeong, Uljin, Bonghwa, Yeongpung, Bulyeong, Kimcheon, Yeongcheon, Daegu, Gyeongju, Guryongpo, Yangsan, , Hamyang, Habcheon, Jinju, Is. Geojedo: iv-viii.1969-2000). JBN: 32ex (Mt. Naejangsan, Wanju, Jangsu, Namwon, Namhyeon, Yeocheon, Deokjin, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Jogyesan, Mt. Baekyangsan, Is. Wando: vii-viii.1969-1998). JJ: 3ex (vii-viii.1985-1996). [NAAS] GW: 1ex (Mt. Seolaksan: 7.x.1974). GS: 1ex (Mt. Cheongkyesan: 1976); 266ex (Suwon-C: iii- viii.1973-1989). JBN: 50ex (Muju, Jinan, Haenam, Is. Heuksando: vii-viii.1975-1988). [SNU] GS: 11ex (Mt. Gwanaksan- Gwanggyo- Suwon: iv-vi, ix.1964, 1989-1993); 1ex (Gwangneung: 15.ix.1990). CB: 5ex (Mt. Wolaksan: vii, xi.1983). JB: 1ex (Jinan: 30.vii.1994). JN: 27ex (Mt. Jirisan: vii, viii.1968- 1981); 1ex (24.v.1994); 6ex(Mt. Baekwunsan, Chusan: vi.1994); 3ex (?). [KU] GW: 3ex (Mt. Naegeum- gang: v.1918); 3ex (Goseong, Mt. Odaesan: vii, viii.1958, 1992). GS: 2ex (Seoul: vii, viii.1975, 1989). CB: 3ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Soknisan: vii-viii.1957-1994). CN: 7ex (Mt. Gyeryongsan: vii.1988). GN: 1ex (Mt. Gayasan: viii.1960). JN: 2ex (Mt. Jirisan: vi.1986). JJ: 3ex (vii.1966-1973); ?- 4ex (Shoko: vi.1914); 1ex (Jujibong: vii.1988). [HSU] CN: 6ex (Seosan: v-vi.1996, 1997). [EWU] GW: 3ex (Jinbur- yeong: viii.1979, 1981); 1ex (Gangchon: 17.vii.1975). GS: 17ex (Pochon-G, Yangju-G, Namyangju-G, Seoul 7 st: vi-ix.1954-1993). GB: 1ex (Mt. Sobaeksan: 29.vii.1983). JN: 1ex (Is. Bogildo: 23.vii.1982). JJ: 1ex (13.vii.1979). [HNHM - NK] PB: 7ex (Mt. Myohyangsan: 13-18.vii.1982); 2ex (17.viii.1989); 33ex (Pyeongyang city: 16-29.vii.1975); 1ex (25.ix.1978); 1ex (8.vii.1982); 5ex (28.vii.1982); 2ex (29, 30.vi.1991). PY: 1ex (Mt. Ryongaksan: 10.vii.1982). WB: 35ex (Sariwon: 1-11.vii./1-15.viii.1956). WN: 1ex (Mt. Suyangsan Haeju: 31.vii.1982). GW: 4ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: 4-8.viii.1975); 4ex (22.vii.1982). GG: 2ex (Gaeseong: 30.vii.1982); 2ex (25.viii.1989); ?- 4ex (Tschondtsin: 29.vii.1956). MONTHLY COLLECTION: All Korean 794 specimens →iii-x (iii- 2, iv- 1, v- 25, vi- 64, vii- 493, viii- 144, ix- 14, x- 1 specimen).

89. Maladera castanea koreana Kim and Kim, 2003 (Pls. 8-75, 15-75, 21-75) U-ri-bam-saeg-u-dan-pung-deng-i (우리밤색우단풍뎅이)

Maladera castanea koreana Kim and Kim, 2003: 90 (U-ri-bam-saeg-U-D-P-D-I). Autoserica castanea Arrow, 1913: 398; Cho et al., 1967: 198. Aserica castanea: Eguti, 1932: 58; Murayama, 1935a: 3; 1937a: 33; 1938b: 14; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 55; Cho, 1947: 65; 1957: 124. Serica castanea: Murayama, 1954: 44; Cho, 1969: 654 (M. castanae, Bam-saeg-U-D-P-D-I). Maladera castanea: Nomura, 1969: 79; Shin and Joo, 1977: 88; Stebnicka, 1980: 253; Nam and Kim, 174 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

1982: 129; Kim, 1983: 83; 2001b: 75; Kim et al., 1984: 169; 1985: 105; 1991b: 67; 1997b: 127; 1998: 170; 2004: 117; Park and Kim, 1993: 112; Park et al., 1993: 178. TYPE LOCALITY: Maladera castanea → China, Japan. Maladera castanea koreana → Korea.

Body oval, reddish brown, dorsal surface velvety with pearly luster. Clypeus shiny, with median longitudinal carina and dense punctures. Vertex with distinct, longitudinal, setal row. Antennae yellowish brown, with 10 antennomeres, with 3 antennomere club length slightly less than stalk in males, distinctly shorter than stalk in females. Pronotum with scattered punctures, with setae along marginal. Elytra with striae indicated by rows of punctures, interstitial punctures irregularly scattered. Hind legs with coxae equipped large punctures and some marginal setae; tibial spur length equal to or slightly longer than metatarsomere 1; metatarsomere 1 as long as metatarsomeres 2-3 combined, bearing a longitudinal groove along inner side. Pygidium large, triangular, velvety, with scattered punctures. Abdominal sternites with scattered punctures and a row of setae. Ad: Cucumber shape adhered stalk piece and dead flower. Basal piece very small. Median piece narrow, elongate cylindrical. Parameres with upper lobe with thick base, lower lobe with slightly divided terminal. BL: 9-10 mm. BW: 5-6 mm. Fine Structure of Elytral Punctures and Diffraction Gratings: Kim and Kim (2003c).

DISTRIBUTION: Taiwan, China, Russia, Japan, Kuril, North America./subspecies - Korea. KOREA: North ?, Central, South. KOREAN RECORDS: M. castanea (doubtful) →2♂♂ (Suwon: 17.iv; 6.ix.1929), 1♂(Mt. Geumgangsan: 12.viii.1937), and others from 30 more sites. M. c. koreana →see SPECIMENS EXAMINED. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (50 specimens): GB: 1♂ [Guryong-po: 26.vii.1982 (Holotype)]. GW: 2♂♂ (Jungsun: 2, 3.viii.1996); 1♂ (Gangchon: 10.vii.1998). GS: 1♂ (Is. Daecheongdo Ongjin: 14.vi.1990); 1♂ (Pocheon: 5.viii.1996); 1♂ (Euijeongbu: 13.viii.1992); 1♂ (Mt. Yongmunsan: 16.ix.1990); 2♂ [Seoul (Yongsan/Sanggye-dong): 13.vii.1975/13.vi.1999]; 1♂ (Incheon: 5.vii.1986); 1♂ (29.vii.1993); 1♂ (Gwangju: 13.viii.1976). CB: 1♂ (Danyang: 21.vii.1981); 3♂♂ (Mt. Sokrisan: 6.viii.1990). CN: 1♂ (Mt. Kwangdeoksan Cheonan: 22.vii.1994); 1♂(Anmyeondo: 25.vii.1994); 2♂(Mt. Gyeryongsan: 28, 29.vii.1979); 1♂ (Mt. Mansusan Buyeo: 19.vii.1999). GB: 1♂ (Daegu: 20.vi.1992); 2♂♂ (Bonghwa: 5.viii.1998); 1♂ (Mt. Ilwolsan Youngyang: 22.vii.1997); 1♂ (Youngju: 1.vii.1998); 1♂ (- saejae: 10.vii.1977). GN: 1♂ (Kimhae: 15.viii.1987); 2♂ (Jinju: 6, 27.vii.1984); 2♂♂ (Mt. Jirisan Jungsan-ri: 30, 31.vii.1981); 2♂ (Hamyang: 22, 24.vii.1985); 1♂ (Yangsan: 16.viii.1987); 4♂♂ (Is. Chilcheondo Geojae: 15-18.viii.1985); 1♂ (Hapcheon: 5.vii.1984). JB: 1♂ (Mt. Naejangsan: 1.viii. 1974); 1♂ (Namwon: 28.vii.1988). JN: 1♂ (Mt. Jirisan: 19.viii.1982); 2♂♂ (1-29.viii.1998); 1♂ [Mt. Baekwunsan Gwangyang: 10.viii.1993 (paratypes all above)]. GG: 1ex (Anseong: 4.vii.2003). CB: 2ex (Mt. Gyemyeongsan Chungju: 16-18.vi.2003).

90. Maladera ovatula (Fairmaire, 1891): 195 (Pls. 8-76, 15-76, 21-76). Cha-saeg-u-dan-pung-deng-i (차색우단풍뎅이)

Serica ovatula Fairmaire, 1891: 195: Murayama, 1954: 64; Cho 1969: 660; Kim and Kim, 1974b: 108; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 155. Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Sericinae 175

Autoserica ovatura: Niijima and Kinoshita, 1927: 5. Aserica ovatula: Murayama, 1938a: 14; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 57; Cho, 1957: 297; KZS, 1968: 136; Park and Han, 1992: 138. Maladera ovatula: Stebnicka, 1980: 207; Kim, 1981: 344; 1992: 104; 1993: 65; 2001b: 67 (Cha-saeg-U-D- P-D-I); 2002: 120; Yoon and Nam, 1989: 140; Kim et al., 1989: 176; 1991b: 67; 1994b: 111; 1996: 58; 1997b: 128; 2001: 132; 2004: 117; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 151. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Da-saeg-u-dan-P-D-I (Cho, 1969 and 5 others). TYPE LOCALITY: China.

Body small, oval, reddish brown, similar to Serica brunnea in pale color but differing in eyes not projected and short but wide metatibiae. Clypeus with medial longitudinal carina, with dense punctures, apical margin weakly emarginate. Eyes with ocular canthus triangular; canthus with shallow punctures; with a terminal seta. Antennae yellowish brown, with 10 antennomeres, with 3 antennomere club with length 1.4 times length of stalk in males, slightly shorter than stalk in females. Pronotum slightly narrowed apically; lateral margins evenly curved with row of setae; basal angles obtuse, rounded; with microscopic, dense punctures. Scutellum with punctures and microscopic setae similar to pronotum. Elytra weakly, pearly shiny; with fine setae and dense punctures similar to pronotum; lateral marginal with robust setae. Legs short, robust; metatibiae slightly shorter than metafemora, with some marginal spines; metatarsi with weakly saw blade- formed underside. Abdominal sternites with weak pearly luster, with a row of punctures bearing robust setae. Pygidium with fine, scattered punctures. Ad: Small similar to M. castanea. Parameres with upper lobe with short apical part, basal half relatively slender and long, apex curved inwardly. BL: 7-8 mm. BW: 4-5 mm. Fine Structure of Elytral Punctures and Diffraction Gratings: Kim and Kim (2003c). LARVAE: Zhang, 1984: 92.

DISTRIBUTION: Taiwan, China, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North ?, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: SK- GS Namyangju Sudong, Seoul, Suwon, JB Mt. Naejangsan, JN Is. Anmado, Mokpo, Mt. Wolchulsan, ?- Shinseimen. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (158 specimens): [SWU] GW: 2ex (Wonju: vi, vii.1981, 1996); 2ex (Mt. Odaesan: 19.viii.2001). GS: 19ex (Mt. Wangbangsan, Goyang, Mt. Cheonmasan, Seoul, Mt. Yongmunsan, Seongnam, Is. Baek-ado: vi-viii.1972-1998). CB: 3ex (Chungju Mts. Namsan, Gyemyeongsan: 24. viii.; 27.ix.2000). CN: 5ex (Mt. Gwangdeoksan, Mt. Gyeryongsan: vi, vii.1979, 1994). GN: 1ex (Busan Geumjeong-gu Seon-dong: 1.ix.2003). JB: 2ex (Mt. Naejangsan, Wanju: vii, viii.1974, 1996). JN: 1ex (Mt. Jirisan: ?). [NAAS] GW: 1ex (Mt. Chiaksan: 23.vi.1977). GS: 2ex (Mt. Cheonggyesan: 19.viii.1976); 83ex (Suwon: vii-viii.1972-1976). CBN: 2ex (Jincheon, Seocheon: vii.1975). JJ: 1ex (22.vi.1975). [SNU] GS: 4ex (Seoul, Suwon: viii, ix.1964, 1993, 1996). JN: 1ex (Mt. Jirisan: 20.vii.1981); 1ex (Paigol: 15.vii.1968); ?- 1ex. [KU] 1ex (Mt. Cheongkyesan: iv.1991); 1ex(Paldang: ix.1964). [EWU] GW: 1ex (Geojin: 14.viii.1980); 1ex (Sinnam: 23.vii.1971). GS: 12ex [Gwangju, Yangsuri, Seoul (7 st): vi-x.1966-1975]. CB: 1ex (Okcheon: 6.vi.1969). [HNHM - NK] 6ex (Pyeongyang city: 16.vii.1975). WB: 2ex (Sariwon: 20-25.vii.1956). GW: 2ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: 4.viii.1975). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 130 specimens →iv-ix (iv- 1, v- 1, vi- 6, vii- 67, viii- 49, ix- 6 specimens). 176 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

91. Maladera aureola (Murayama, 1938) (Pls. 8-77, 15-77) Geum-saeg-u-dan-pung-deng-i (금색우단풍뎅이)

Aserica aureola Murayama, 1938: 19; Murayama, 1938a: 19. Serica aureola: Murayama, 1954: 64; Cho, 1969: 661 (Geum-saeg-U-D-P-D-I); Kim and Nam, 1982: 155. Maladera aureola: Stebnicka, 1980: 207; Kim et al., 1991b: 67; 1997b: 128; Kim, 2001b: 65. TYPE LOCALITY: Korea (South, Central).

Body small, oval to elliptic; pale brown with gold, pearly shiny, long, yellowish setae in various places; color in some specimens brown. Clypeus with medial longitudinal carina; with fine, very dense punctures. Eyes with ocular canthus triangular, canthus with shallow punctures and a terminal seta. Antennae yellowish brown, with 10 antennomeres, with 3 antennomere club length as approximately equal to that of stalk in males, shorter than stalk in females. Pronotum and scutellum with very shallow punctures, without setae. Legs short, robust; metafemora with more than 2 times length of mesofemora, with a longitudinal row of punctures bearing setae at basal 1/4 position; metatarsomere 1 longer than metatibial upper spurs, as long as metatarsomeres 2-3 combined. Abdominal sternites with a row of punctures bearing setae. Pygidium with short apical and marginal setae. Ad: Right lobe of parameres with basal part swollen; with long, needle-like projection mediolaterally. Left lobe of parameres with basal part swollen; with needle-like projection short, S-curved in shape. BL: 6.7-9 mm. BW: 3.9-5.6 mm. Fine Structure of Elytral Punctures and Diffraction Gratings: Kim and Kim (2003c).

DISTRIBUTION: Taiwan, Korea. KOREA: Central, South. KOREAN RECORDS: SK- GW Samcheok, GS Is. Ganghwado, Seoul, Gwangneung, Suwon, CN Chôchiin (=Jochiwon), GB Kôrei (=Goryeong), Eishû (?=Yeongju), GN Hapcheon Temp. Hae-insa, Jinju, JB Seichû (=? Namwon Seojung-m.), JN Mt. Jirisan. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (17 specimens): [SWU] GW: 1♀ (Temp. Samhwasa Bukpyeong: 27.vi.1984). GS: 1♀ (Is. Ganghwado: 1.vi.1987). GN: 1♀ (Hapcheon: 16.viii.1984); 1♀ (Mt. Bibongsan Jinju: 20.vii.1984). [NAAS] GS: 11ex (Suwon-C: v-viii.1927-1984). [SNU] JN: 1ex (Piagol: 15.vii.1976).

92. Maladera renardi (Ballion, 1870) (Pls. 8-78, 15-78, 21-78) Re-na-a-deu-u-dan-pung-deng-i (레나아드우단풍뎅이)

Serica renardi Ballion, 1870: 339: Murayama, 1935b: 2; 1937a: 33; 1938b: 11; 1954: 54; Sawada, 1937a: 9; Cho, 1969: 657; Kim and Kim, 1972a: 84; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 154. Maladera renardi: Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 55; Cho, 1957: 124; Nomura, 1967: 53; 1973: 128; KZS, 1968: 136 (Re-na-a-deu-U-D-P-D-I); Stebnicka, 1980: 254; Kim, 1983: 83; 1992: 105; 1993: 65; 2001b: 68; Kim et al., 1991b: 67; 1994b: 111; 1997b: 123; 1998: 170; 2003b: 84; Bae and Moon, 1993: 147. Serica motschulskyi Brenske, 1897: 379 (Corea); Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 22; Murayama, 1937a: 33; 1938b: 11; 1954: 58; Sawada, 1937a: 9; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 93; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 53; Cho, 1957: 295; 1969: 658; Nomura, 1967: 52; Kim and Kim, 1972a: 53; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 155. Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Sericinae 177

Maladera (Aserica) motschulskyi: Nomura, 1960: 58. Serica spissigrada Brenske, 1897: 430 (Japan): Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 23; Sawada, 1937a: 29; Murayama, 1938b: 12; 1954: 40; Nomura, 1967: 52; KZS, 1968: 136; Cho 1969: 652; KSPP, 1972; Kim et al., 1982a: 154. Maladera spissigrada: Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 55; Cho, 1957: 296; Kim, 1981: 344. Maladera (Aserica) spissigrada: Nomura, 1960: 58. Serica nakayamai Murayama, 1938b: 16; 1954: 57; Nomura, 1967: 52; Cho, 1969: 658; Kim and Kim, 1972a: 83; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 155. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: M. renardi=Re-na-reu-di-U-D-P-D-I (Cho, 1969); M. motschulskyi=Mo- chyul-seu-ki-U-D-P-D-I (Cho, 1969); M. spissigrada=Keun-U-D-P-D-I (KZS, 1968), Wang-bi-D-P-D-I (KSPP, 1972); Na-ka-ya-ma-U-D-P-D-I (Cho, 1969). TYPE LOCALITY: East Siberia.

Body slightly elongate oval, similar to M. holosericea, but large and with large clypeus, brown to black, velvety, without luster. Clypeus large but narrowed apically; with shiny, weakly wrinkled carina; disc smooth with microscopic, dense punctures. Eyes small, ocular canthus triangular, canthus with shallow punctures and a terminal seta. Antennae yellowish brown, with 10 antenno- meres, with 3 antennomere club with length 1.5 times length of stalk in males, slightly shorter than stalk in females. Pronotum and scutellum with shallow, microscopic punctures. Elytra with interstice weakly convex; strial punctures shallow, microscopic, dense. Legs slender, long, metafemora with width 1.3-1.5 times width of mesofemora, metatarsi with weakly saw blade-like underside, metatarsomere 1 slightly shorter than metatibial upper spur or metatarsomeres 2-3 combined. Abdominal sternites with a row of punctures bearing robust setae. Pygidium with fine, scattered punctures. Ad: Similar to M. holosericea, but thicker and with slightly asymmetrical median piece. Right parameral lobe with a small branch at median upper side. BL: 8-10 mm. BW: 6 mm. Fine Structure of Elytral Punctures and Diffraction Gratings: Kim and Kim (2003c). LARVAE: Medvedev, 1952: 150.

DISTRIBUTION: Mongolia, northern China, eastern Siberia, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Kyeongseong, Buryeong, Gilju, HN Hamheung, YG Hyesanjin, PB Ganggye, Mt. Myohyangsan, PY Pyeongyang, WN Haeju, GW Geumcheon, Icheon, An-ak, SK- GW Goseong, Mt. Odaesan, Hongcheon, Chunseong-G, GS Daeseong-ri, Gwangneung, Mt. Jugeum- san, Yangju-G, Namyangju-G, Mt. Cheonmasan, Seoul, Namhansanseong, Mt. Gwanaksan → Anyang →Suwon, CBN Mt. Soknisan, Jochiwon, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Mt. Cheongryangsan, GB Mt. Juwangsan, JBN Muju, Mt. Baekwunsan, Is. Sinjido. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (70 specimens): [SNU] 14ex (GW- Gangneung, Cheolwon, GS- Mt. Gwanak- san →Gwangkyo →Anyang →Suwon: 1985-1992); 1ex (Suwon: ix.1934); 2ex (Gwangju: v, vi.1991, 1992). [KU] GW: 1ex (Cheolwon Moraedong: v.1966). GS: 1ex (Mt. Jugeumsan: v.1992); 1ex (Mt. Cheonmasan: vi.1961); 1ex (Namhansanseong: vi.1974). CB: 1ex (Mt. Soknisan: vi.1991). CN: 1ex (Mt. Gyeryongsan: vi.1997); 3ex (Mt. Cheongryangsan: vi.1996). JN: 1ex (Mt. Baekwunsan: v.1991). [HSU] CN: 28ex (Seosan-G: iv-vi.1994-1997). [EWU] GW: 1ex (Gangneung: 26.v.1962). GS: 13ex (Daeseong-ri, Gwangneung, Namyangju-G, Yangju-G, Seoul (4 st), Suwon: iv-vi.1956-1989). CN: 1ex (Cheongyang: 20.v.1988). BIOLOGY: Saito, 1928: 13; Murayama, 1938a: 259. 178 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

93. Maladera schoenfeldti (Murayama, 1937) (Pls. 8-79, 15-79, 21-79) Seu-wen-hwel-deu-teu-u-dan-pung-deng-i (스웬휄드트우단풍뎅이)

Serica schoenfeldti Murayama, 1937: 33 (Korea); Murayama, 1938b: 11 (M. schönfeldti); 1954: 56; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 54 (M. schoenfeldti); Cho, 1957: 295; 1969: 657; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 154. Maladera schoenfeldti: Stebnicka, 1980: 258; Kim et al., 1991b: 67; 1997b: 123; 2003b: 87; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 151 (Seu-wen-hwel-deu-teu-U-D-P-D-I); Kim, 2001b: 70. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Syen-pel-teu-u-dan-P-D-I (KZS, 1968, and one other), Pel-teu-U-D-P-D-I (Kim and Lee, 1991b), Seu-en-hel-deu-teu-U-D-P-D-I (Cho, 1969). TYPE LOCALITY: Korea (Hamheung, Gaeseong, Seoul Cheongryang-ri and Hoegi-dong).

Body weakly elongate oval, brown to black, velvety. Clypeus shiny, weakly convex medially; with fine, dense punctures. Eyes small, ocular canthus triangular, canthus with shallow punctures and a terminal seta. Antennae yellowish brown, with 10 antennomeres, scape slightly thick with some setae; antennal club length 1.4 times length of stalk in males, slightly shorter than stalk in females. Pronotum and scutellum with very shallow, microscopic punctures. Elytra with strial punctures shallow, microscopic, dense as in pronotum. Legs slender, long; metafemora width approximately 2 times width of mesofemora; metatarsi with a row of internal setae, with slight saw blade-like underside; metatarsomere 1 length slightly shorter than metatibial upper spur or metatarsomere 2-3 combined. Ad: Similar to M. renardi, but differing in thick parameres. Right lobe of parameres with small projection at underside, apex curved ventrally. BL: 8-9.5 mm. BW: 4.3-5.4 mm. Fine Structure of Elytral Punctures and Diffraction Gratings: Kim and Kim (2003c).

DISTRIBUTION: Korea proper. KOREA: North, Central South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: Hamheung, Gaeseong, Seoul Cheongryang-ri, Hoegi-dong (sites of Type speci- mens), NK- Cheongjin, Pyeongyang, SK- GW Inje, Mt. Odaesan, Mt. Chiaksan, GS Yeoncheon, Gapyeong-G, Pochon-G, Gwangneung, Namyangju-G, Mt. Suraksan, Seoul, Seongnam, Mt. Cheong- kyesan, Gwangkyo ↔Suwon, CBN Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Gayasan, Mt. Mansusan, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Geumsan, GBN Munkyeong, Mt. Cheongryangsan, Mt. Juwangsan, Bulyeong valley, Uljin, Cheongdo, Gyoengsan, Mt. Baedaesan, Goryeong, Milyang, Ulju, Sancheong, Jinyang, Geompo, Hapcheon, Geoje, JBN Muju, Mt. Jirisan, Mokpo, JJ Jeju, ?- Hoban (湖畔), Kankó, Kosei. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (87 specimens): [SWU] GW: 1ex (Mt. Chiaksan: vi.1974). GS: 19ex (Namyangju- G, Seoul, Seongnam: iv-ix.1974-1998). CBN: 7ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Gayasan, Mt. Mansusan, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Geumsan: iv-vii.1979-1999). GBN: 19ex (Munkyeong, Mt. Juwangsan, Uljin, Cheong- do, Gyoengsan, Mt. Baedaesan, Milyang, Ulju, Sancheong, Jinyang, Geompo, Hapcheon, Geoje: iv-ix.1977-1997). JN: 1ex (Mt. Jirisan: viii.1989). [SNU] GS: 4ex (Gwangkyo-Suwon: iv-vi.1986, 1990); 1ex (Gwangneung: 17.v.1992); 1ex (Mt. Dobongsan: 23.vi.1992). JJ: 5ex (30.iv.1985); ?- 1ex (Hoban: 26.vii.1936). [KU] GW: 6ex (Inje: vi.1996-1999); 1ex (Mt. Odaesan: vi.1994); 2ex (Mt. Chiak- san: vi.1992). GS: 1ex (Yeoncheon: v.1968); 1ex (Mt. Cheongkyesan: v.2000); 1ex (Gwangneung: ix.1972); 1ex (Mt. Suraksan: v.1999). GB: 1ex (Mt. Cheongryangsan: vi.1996); 1ex (Bulyeong valley: vi.1990). JB: 3ex (Muju: vi.1972). [EWU] GS: 7ex (Gapyeong-G, Pochon-G, Seoul: v, vi.1974-1985). JB: 1ex (Muju: 8.v.1979). Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Sericinae 179

94. Maladera gibbiventris (Brenske, 1897) (Pls. 8-80, 15-80, 21-80) Ju-reum-bae-u-dan-pung-deng-i (주름배우단풍뎅이)

Autoserica gibbiventris Brenske, 1897: 396: Niijima and Kinoshita, 1927: 9; Murayama 1935a: 3. Aserca gibbiventris: Murayama, 1938b: 12; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 56; Cho, 1957: 296; KZS, 1968: 136 (Ju-reum-bae-U-D-P-D-I). Serca gibbiventris: Murayama, 1954: 36; Cho, 1969: 652; Kim and Kim, 1974b: 107; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 154. Maladera gibbiventris: Stebnicka 1980: 254; Kim et al., 1991b: 67; 1994b: 111; 1997b: 126; 1999: 129; 2001: 132; 2003: 126; 2003b: 87; Kim, 1992: 105; 1993: 65; 2001b: 74; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 151. TYPE LOCALITY: China.

Body oval, largest species of Korean Maladera; dorsal surface dark brown to black, ventral surface brown to yellowish brown, completely yellow in newly emerged individuals. Clypeus weakly convex medially, with dense punctures. Eyes not large, ocular canthus triangular; canthus with shallow punctures and a terminal seta. Antennae yellowish brown, with 10 antennomeres; 3 antennomere club length 1.7 times length of stalk in males, 1.1 times length of stalk in females. Pronotum and scutellum with very dense punctures bearing shallow, microscopic setae. Abdo- minal sternites with segments 3-4 very highly convex medially. Ad: Median piece very large, with median longitudinal carina, apex finely divided. Parameres slender, long, strongly curved. BL: 9- 12 mm. BW: 5.5-7.3 mm. Fine Structure of Elytral Punctures and Diffraction Gratings: Kim and Kim (2003c).

DISTRIBUTION: Central China, Taiwan, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Kyeongseong, PB Ganggye, Seishin (=Cheongjin), PY Gangseo, Sun- an, Seokam, Pyeongyang, Mt. Ryongaksan, PN Hyangsan, WN Mt. Suyangsan, GW Mt. Geumgang- san, SK- About 200 specimens from more than 90 sites from 70 regions across the entire country except islands. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (145 specimens): [SWU] GW: 2ex (Bukpyeong: vi.1984); 3ex (Mt. Chiaksan, Yeongwol: v-vi.1974-1992). GS: 36ex (Gapyeong-G, Namyangju-G, Seoul, Seongnam, Gwangju: iv-ix.1972-1998). CBN: 4ex (Goesan, Mt. Wolaksan, Cheonan, Mt. Mansusan: v-ix.1984-1999); 1ex (Chungju (Mts. Namsan, Cheondeungsan): 18.v.2001); 2ex (5.viii.2002). GBN: 1ex (Mt. Seondalsan: 1.vii.1998); 16ex (Yeongju, Mt. Baedaesan, Gyeongsan, Bulyeong, Cheongdo, Jinju, Geoje, Goseong, Milyang, Temp. Naewonsa: 1983-1992); 1ex (Jinju: 9.v.2003). JBN: 12ex(Jangseong, Mt. Deokyusan, Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Jogyesan: v-vii.1977-1998). [NAAS] GW: 1ex (Mt. Chiaksan: 30.v.1974). GS: 2ex (Suwon: viii.1972, 1973). [SNU] GS: 1ex (Seoul: 5.v.1987); 3ex (Suwon: iv-vi.?, 1981, 1992). JN: 1ex (Chusan: 24.vi.1995). [KU] GS: 11ex (Mt. Cheonmasan, Paldang, Cheongpyeong, Goyang, Seoul, Yong-in: iv-x.1961-2000). CN: 2ex (Mt. Gyeryongsan: vi.1997). JN: 4ex (Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Jogyesan: v-vi.1988-1998). [HSU] CN: 2ex (Seosan: v.1994, 1997). [EWU] GW: 1ex (Mt. Seolaksan: 28.v.1977); 2ex(Mt. Chiaksan: vi.1979). GS: 21ex (Daeseong- ri, Sudong, Gwangneung, Maseok, Seoul (9 st), Is. Gangwhado: v-x.1957-1990). JN: 1ex (Is. Heuk- sando: 5.vii.1978). [HNHM - NK] PB- 3ex (Mt. Myohyangsan: 17.v.1985); 4ex (23-28.v.1991). PY: 2ex (Mt. Daeseongsan: 17.v.1985); 1ex (31.v.1985). PN: 1ex (Mt. Ryongaksan: 24.v.1985). GW: 2ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: 6.viii.1975); 1ex (26.v.1985); 2ex(11.vii.1991). 180 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

MONTHLY COLLECTION: 110 South Korean specimens →iv-x (iv- 5, v- 60, vi- 30, vii- 10, viii- 5, ix- 3, x- 2 specimens). BIOLOGY: Maruta, 1929: 367; Nakayama and Okamoto, 1940: 198.

95. Maladera infuscata (Moser, 1915) (Pls. 8-81, 15-81, 21-81) Geu-eeul-eeum-bit-u-dan-pung-deng-i (그을음빛우단풍뎅이)

Autoserica infuscata Moser, 1915: 340; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 29; 1927: 6. Aserica infuscate: Murayama, 1938b: 13; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 56; Cho, 1957: 297; KZS, 1968: 136 (Geu-eeul-eeum-bit-U-D-P-D-I). Serica infuscate: Murayama, 1954: 41; Cho, 1969: 653; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 154. Maladera (Maladera) infuscate: Stebnika, 1980: 207. Maladera infuscate: ESK and KSAE, 1994: 151; Kim et al., 1997b: 122; Kim, 2001b: 74. Autoserica koreana Moser, 1915: 330 (♂, Chemulpo); Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 29; Ahrens, 2003: 3. Aserica koreana: Murayama, 1938b: 15; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 57; Cho, 1957: 297; KZS, 1968: 136 (Go-ryo-u-dan-pung-deng-i). Serica koreana: Murayama, 1954: 65; Cho et al., 1968: 661. Maladera koreana: Stebnika, 1980: 207. Aserica okamotoi Murayama, 1938: 18 (Korea, 5 st. 28ex); Murayama, 1954: 35./Ahrens, 2003: 3. Serica okamotoi: Cho, 1969: 651 (O-ka-mo-to-u-dan-pung-deng-i); Kim and Kim, 1974a: 229. Maladera okamotoi: Stebnika, 1980: 258 (doubtful, see remarks); Kim et al., 1991b: 67; 1996: 58; 1997b: 126; Kim, 1992: 105; 1993: 65; 2001b: 76; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 151; Ahrens, 2003: 3. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: M. koreana=Go-ryeo-U-D-P-D-I (KZS, 1968; Cho et al., 1968), M. okamo- toi= O-ka-mo-to-U-D-P-D-I (Cho, 1969 and 8 others). TYPE LOCALITY: Korea, China.

Body elongate oval; dorsal surface brown to blackish brown, sometimes with black or weak pearly shiny individuals, color paler in pronotal and elytral margins; ventral surface pale brown. Clypeus with round medial swelling, dense punctures. Eyes small, ocular canthus triangular, canthus with shallow punctures and a terminal seta. Antennae pale brown, with 10 antennomeres; 3 antennomere club with length greater than that of stalk in males, slightly shorter than stalk in females. Pronotum with a row of setae along frontal and lateral margins; discal punctures shallow, dense, bearing microscopic setae. Scutellum with shallow, dense punctures bearing microscopic setae. Elytra with very high interstices; punctures shallow, dense, bearing microscopic setae; with lateral margins surrounded by very robust setae. Legs short but robust, with wide mesofemora and metafemora; metafemora width 2 times width of mesofemora; metatarsomere 1 longer than metatibial upper spur, as long as metatarsomere 2-3 combined; protarsal claws symmetrical in females, asymmetrical in males. Abdominal sternites with a row of punctures bearing robust setae. Ad: Median piece long, swollen terminal area; with short left lobe; right lobe with long, bumpy apex. Left lobe of parameres very strongly curved, needle-shaped; with swollen ball formed at base, enlarged right median part. Right lobe of parameres fine, flat at enlarged left lobe, with inner side largely membranous. BL: 8-10.5 mm. BW: 5-6.5 mm. Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Sericinae 181

DISTRIBUTION: Taiwan, China (Chingttao), Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South. KOREAN RECORDS: M. infuscata=SK- Seoul Wangsip-ri, Goryeong, Dongrae, Mokpo; M. okamotoi= NK- Pyeongyang, Mt. Myohyangsan, Mt. Geumgangsan, Mt. Tshonbonsan, SK- About 150 speci- mens from more than 50 regions in the mountains, plains and islands across the entire country including Seoul. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (119 specimens): [SWU] GW: 2ex (Gangchon, Hongcheon: v-vii.1983-1995); 4ex (Bukpyeong: vi.1984). GS: 10ex (Mt. Cheonmasan, Seoul, Seongnam, Is. Deogjeokdo: v- vii.1974-1995); 1ex (Gapyeong: 26.v.2003). CB: 1ex (Okcheon: v.1987). CN: 5ex (Onyang, Cheonan, Asan: v-ix.1983-1994). GBN: 10ex (Munkyeong, Mt. Hwanghaksan, Mt. Sobaeksan, Cheongdo, Gimcheon, Gyeongsan, Ulju: iv-vii.1974-1996). JBN: 8ex (Mt. Naejangsan, Jangseong, Mt. Jirisan: v-vii.1974-1994). [NAAS] GW: 2ex (Mt. Chiaksan: 30.v.1974). GS: 4ex (Suwon: v-vii.1975-1984). [SNU] GG: 1ex (Daeseong-ri: 6.vi.1987); 1ex (Gwangkyo: 18.iv.1992). GN: 1ex (Mt. Gayasan: 10.v.1992). JN: 1ex (Mt. Baekwunsan: vi.?). [KU] GW: 4ex (Mt. Hyangnobong: v.1968); 1ex (Mt. Daeseongsan: v.1986). GS: 6ex (Seoul, Mt. Chukryeongsan, Mt. Cheonmasan: v-vi.1959-1991). GB: 3ex (Mt. Cheongryangsan: vi.1996). JN: 12ex (Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Eokbulbong: v-vi.1986-1998). [HSU] CN: 17ex (Seosan-G: v-vii.1994-1997). [EWU] GW: 1ex (Geojin: 14.viii. 1980). GS: 1ex (Ilryeong: 9.v.1965); 1ex(Mt. Cheonmasan: 26.v.1990); 1ex(Mt. Dodeoksan: 5.vi.1983); 3ex (Seoul: v, vi.1972-1983); 1ex (Suwon: 3.vi.1973); 1ex (Anseong: 30.v.1983). JN: 5ex (Jirisan: v.1966, 1977). [HNHM - NK] PB: 2ex (Mt. Myohyangsan: 24-28.v.1991); 2ex (Pyeongyang city: 9, 14.viii.1971); 1ex (16.vii.1975); 1ex (19.ix.1979). GW: 1ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: 1.vi.1970); 1ex (4.viii.1975); 1ex (10.vi.1991); 1ex (Mt. Tshonbonsan ?: 3.ix.1956). MONTHLY COLLECTION: 113 All Korean specimens → iv-ix (iv- 1, v-vii- 106, viii- 4, ix- 2 specimens). REMARKS: Stebnicka (1980) reported five specimens from Hyesan and Sunan of North Korea. However, her description and illustration of the male aedeagus do not match this species.

96. Maladera fusania (Murayama, 1934) (Pls. 8-82, 15-82, 21-82) Bu-san-u-dan-pung-deng-i (부산우단풍뎅이)

Aserica fusania Murayama, 1934: 35; Murayama, 1935a: 3; 1938b: 13; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: Cho; 1957: 296; KZS, 1968: 136 (Bu-san-U-D-P-D-I). Serica fusania: Murayama, 1954: 38; Cho, 1969: 652; Kim and Kim, 1972a: 84. Maladera fusania: Stebnicka, 1980: 255; Kim et al., 1991b: 67; 1991d: 192; 1997b: 125; 2001: 132; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 151; Kim, 2001b: 76. TYPE LOCALITY: Korea Pusan (=Busan).

Body oval, dorsal surface reddish brown to blackish brown, velvety with visible luster, with scaly setae, ventral surface reddish brown. Clypeus very high medially, without swelling, narrowed apically, without luster, with deep wrinkles. Eyes with ocular canthus triangular, canthus with shallow punctures and a terminal seta. Antennae pale brown, with 10 antennomeres; 3 anten- nomere club length much shorter than stalk in both sexes. Metatibiae slender, long. Abdominal sternites with a row of punctures bearing robust setae. Ad: Median piece slender; apex narrow, projected to right. Left lobe of parameres with large base, upwardly curved apex similar to claw. 182 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Right lobe of parameres with round base; long, needle-like apex. BL: 7.5-9.5 mm. BW: 5-6 mm. Fine Structure of Elytral Punctures and Diffraction Gratings: Kim and Kim (2003c).

DISTRIBUTION: Taiwan, Korea. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HN Hamheung, Wonsan, PY Pyeongyang, Sun-an, Seokam, WN Haeju, Mt. Suyangsan, GG Gaeseong Bakyeon waterfall, SK- About 1,000 specimens from about 100 sites from more than 70 regions in the mountains, plains and islands across the entire country including Seoul. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (800 specimens): [SWU] GW: 1ex (Mt. Seolaksan: vii.1993); 52ex (Chunseong- G, Mt. Chiaksan, Hongcheon-G: iv-vi.1977-1987). GS: 119ex (Pocheon-G, Gapyeong-G, Namyangju- G, Seongnam, Icheon, Mt. Yongmunsan, Gwangju-G, Seoul-C, Incheon-C, Is. Deogjeokdo, Yong-in, Suwon: iv-x.1956-1999); 2ex (Gapyeong: 26.v.; 5.vii.2003); 1ex (Anseong: 4.vii.2003). CBN: 13ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Chungju, Cheonan, Mt. Busosan, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Mt. Mansusan: iii-viii.1977- 1999); 1ex (Chungju Mt. Namsan: 18.v.2001). GBN: 56ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Munkyeong, Uljin, Gyeongsan, Euichang, Daegu, Mt. Juwangsan, Mt. Hwanghaksan, Mt. Hambaeksan, Busan, Hapcheon, Jinju, Eonyang, Sancheong, Samcheonpo: iii-viii.1969-1994); 2ex (Busan Geumjeong Seon-dong: 19.v.2003); 5ex (Jinju: 13.vii.2003). JBN: 21ex (Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Deogyusan, Muju, Buan, Mt. Jirisan, Jangseong, Yeosu, Haenam, Is. Imjado, Is. Wando: v-vii.1976-1999); 1ex (Is. Gageodo Sinan: 1.v.2009). [NAAS] GS: 3ex (Suwon: iii-v.1974-1982). [SNU] GS: 177ex (Cheong- pyeong, Gwangneung, Pocheon, Jeonkok, Incheon, Gwangju, Seoul → Anyang → Suwon: iv- vi.1965-1995). CB: 3ex (Cheongju, Cheongwon: vi, vii.1967, 1992). GN: 1ex (Masan: v.1990). JBN: 10ex (Jinan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan: vi, vii.1991). JJ: 2ex (v.1992; vi.1988). [KU] GS: 5ex (Seiyori: v-ix.1932-1934); 37ex (Cheongpyeong, Paldang, Deokso, Mt. Cheongkyesan, Seoul-C, Yong-in, Suwon: v-vii.1942-1998). GBN: 2ex (Mt. Cheongryangsan, Jinhae: vi.1996). JBN: 11ex (Muju, Mt. Naejangsan, Mt. Duryunsan, Mt. Jogyesan: iv-vii.1972-1993). JJ: 1ex (vii.1966). [HSU] CN: 153ex (Mt. Gayasan, Seosan: iv-vi.1994-1997). [EWU] GW: 73ex (Seoul-C: v-viii.1959-1990); 1ex (Gang- chon: 20.vi.1975). GS: 55ex (Gapyeong-G, Pocheon-G, Yangju-G, Namyangju-G, Mt. Yongmunsan, Icheon, Suwon, Incheon-C, Is. Gangwhado: v-viii.1965-1991). GN: 1ex (Jinju: 24.vii.1964). JB: 1ex (Namwon: 10.vi.1983). JN: 1ex (Gwangju: 10.viii.1966); 1ex (Is. Nowhado: 20.vii.1981). JJ: 2ex (v.1981; vii.1985). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 276 specimens →iii-x (iii- 4, iv- 16, v- 102, vi- 92, vii- 56, viii- 4, ix- 6, x- 1 specimens).

97. Maladera opaciventris (Moser, 1915) (Pls. 8-83, 15-83, 21-83) A-rae-geom-eun-u-dan-pung-deng-i (아래검은우단풍뎅이)

Autoserica opaciventris Moser, 1915: 355; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 29. Aserica opaciventris: Murayama, 1938a: 12; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 57; Cho, 1957: 297; KZS, 1968: 136 (A-rae-geom-eun-U-D-P-D-I). Serica opaciventris: Murayama, 1954: 26 (Yeongju, GB); Cho, 1969: 649./misidentified records: Kim and Kim, 1972: 83; Kim and Nam, 1982: 154; Lee et al., 1994: 147. Maladera opaciventris: Stebnicka, 1980: 207; Kim and Yoo, 1987: 505 (misidentified); 1997: 129; Kim, Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Sericinae 183

2001b: 65; Löbl and Smetana, 2006: 236. TYPE LOCALITY: Seoul, Korea.

Body dark brown, shiny (but weakly shiny in pygidium and ventral surface). Head with strong punctures and setae. Clypeus narrowed apically, without luster, wrinkled, with weakly emarginate apical margin. Antennae yellowish brown, with 10 antennomeres; 3 antennomere club with length slightly longer than stalk in males, approximately equal to stalk in females. Pronotum with a row of setae along frontal and lateral margins; discal punctures deep, very dense. Elytra with striae bearing irregular punctures; with interstices slightly convex, weakly shiny, bearing scattered punc- tures. Hind Legs with coxae bearing umbilical punctures and pale yellowish setae; metafemora as wide as metatibia. Abdominal sternites with very deep punctures bearing short setae. BL: 8-9 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Korea proper. KOREA: Central. KOREAN RECORDS: SK- Seoul (by Moser, 1915), Eishú (=Yeongju, by Murayama 1938a); misidenti- fied- Is. Ganghwado (Kim and Yoo, 1987b); Muju-Gucheondong (Kim and Kim, 1972). SPECIMEN EXAMINED: None. REMARKS: Moser (1915) described this species based on a specimen from Seoul in the collection of Staudinger and Bang-Hass. Other collection records consist only of a female from Yeongju (GB) by Murayama (1954). Therefore, the validity of this species is doubtful. Ahrens (2007) recently transferred this species to the genus Eumaladera Nomura.

98. Maladera orientalis (Motschulsky, 1857)(Pls. 8-84, 16-84, 21-84) Ae-u-dan-pung-deng-i (애우단풍뎅이)

Serica orientalis Motschulsky, 1857: 33: Kolbe, 1886: 192; Heyden, 1887: 251; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 21; Okamoto, 1924: 172; Murayama, 1938a: 259; 1938b: 10; 1954: 48; Masaki, 1936: 261; Sawada, 1937a: 25; Mochizuki and Tsunekawa, 1937: 93; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 53; Cho, 1957: 295; 1963: 217; 1969: 655; Cho et al., 1967: 197 (Ae-U-D-P-D-I); 1968: 264; Kim and Kim, 1972a: 84; 1972b: 196; 1974a: 229; 1974b: 107; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 154; 1984: 328. Aserica orientalis: Reitter, 1902: 145. Maladera orientals: Nomura, 1960: 58; 1969: 79; Stebnicka, 1980: 257; Kim, 1981: 344; 1992: 105; 1993: 65; 2000: 132; 2001b: 71; Kim and Nam, 1982b: 276; Kim et al., 1987a: 104; 1987b: 505; 1991b: 67; 1991d: 192; 1991e: 179; 1994b: 111; 1997b: 124; 1999: 129; 2001: 132; 2004: 117; Park et al., 1993: 178. Maladera (Omalodera) orientalis: Löbl and Smetana, 2006: 236. Serica salebrosa Brenske, 1897: 428 (Japan): Masaki, 1936: 261; Murayama, 1938b: 10. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Dong-yang-U-D-P-D-I (Cho, 1963; Cho et al., 1968).

Body elongate oval, small species, reddish brown to blackish brown, rarely with blackish purple individuals and brown teneral individuals; dorsal surface without luster, pearly luster when viewed at certain angles. Clypeus with median longitudinal carina, with punctures and numerous brown setae. Head with strongly shiny occiput, without punctures. Eyes with ocular canthus triangular, canthus with shallow punctures and a terminal seta. Antennae yellowish brown, with 184 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

9 antennomeres; 3 antennomere club length approximately equal to that of stalk in male,s slightly shorter than stalk in females. Pronotum with very dense punctures bearing microscopic setae, with robust setal row along lateral margins. Elytra with convex interstices bearing punctures as like pronotum, with robust setae along lateral sides. Legs with protarsal claws symmetrical in both sexes; metatarsomere 1 slightly longer than metatibial spur, shorter than metatarsomeres 2-3 combined. Abdominal sternites and pygidium with punctures bearing microscopic setae. Ad: Median piece narrowed apically, with rugged, asymmetrical apex. Parameres with left lobe thick, hook-like, curved, enlarged apically; right lobe short, weakly curved; lobes with considerable variation. BL: 6.5-8.6 mm. BW: 4-5.2 mm. Fine Structure of the Compound Eyes: Gokan (1982). Fine Structure of Elytral Punctures and Diffraction Gratings: Kim and Kim (2003c). LARVAE: Murayama, 1931: 20; Medvedev, 1952: 150; Zhang, 1984: 91(S. orientalis).

DISTRIBUTION: Taiwan, China, Mongolia, Sakhalin, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Najin, Kyeongseong, Mt. Kwanmobong, Cheongjin, Jueul, HN Hamju Heungbong-ri, Hyangnam Mt. Myohyangsan, Hamheung, Heungnam, Cheonnae, PB Ganggye, PY Mt. Ryongaksan, Mt. Daeseongsan, PN Sun-an, Seokam, Suncheon Zamo-ri, Nampo, Usan-ri, WN Sincheon, Haeju, GW Mt. Geumgangsan, GG Gaeseong, Mt. Cheonmasan, SK- More than 1,200 specimens from about 120 sites from more than 80 regions in the mountains, plains and islands across the entire country including Seoul. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (952 specimens): [SWU] GW: 46ex (Mt. Seolaksan, Donghae Mt. Dutasan, Mt. Chiaksan, Chuncheon, Hongcheon, Pyeongchang, Taebaek: iv-vii.1974-1995). GS: 242ex (Pocheon- G, Gapyeong-G, Yangju-G, Seoul, Suwon, Gwangju-G, Icheon-C, Ganghwa-G, Ongjin-G: iv-x.1966- 1997). CBN: 27ex (Goesan, Jewon, Chungju, Mt. Wolaksan, Danyang, Cheonan, Asan, Jochiwon: v-viii.1974-1996); 7ex [Chungju (Mts. Namsan, Gyemeongsan): 18.v.2001]; 1ex (19.vi.2003). GBN: 2ex (Mt. Seondalsan: 29.vi.1998); 47ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Yeongju, Munkyeong, Mt. Hwanghaksan, Mt. Juwangsan, Gyeongsan, Cheongdo, Uljin, Pohang Mt. Eoyusan, Habcheon, Masan: v-viii.1970- 1998). JBN: 16ex (Muju, Gochang, Mt. Naejangsan, Buan, Seolcheon, Boseong, Sunchang, Mt. Jirisan: iv-vii.1977-1994). JJ: 3ex (v.1997). [NAAS] GW: 5ex (Hongcheon, Hoengseong: v-vi.1973- 1986). GS: 125ex (Suwon-Anyang: iii-viii.1923-1990); 1ex (Mt. Sam-aksan: 12.v.1985). CN: 2ex (Yesan, Seosan: iv, vi.1973, 1984). GB: 1ex (Yecheon: 11.v.1976). JN: 6ex (Mokpo, Is. Heuksando: v- viii.1975-1984). JJ: 8ex (vi.1922-1984). [SNU] GW: 2ex (Mt. Chiaksan, Wonju: v.1983; ix.1997). GS: 58ex (Mt. Myungjisan, Gwangneung, Cheongpyeong, Maseog, Byeokje, Icheon, Gwangju, Seoul → Anyang →Suwon: v-vi.1962-1992). CB: 6ex (Mt. Wolaksan: vi,vii,ix.1983-1985); 2ex (Cheongju, Cheongwon: vi.1992). GB: 1ex (Seonsan: viii.1994). JB: 1ex (Namwon: v.1991). JN: 1ex (Mt. Baekwunsan: vi.1991). JJ: 2ex (v.1992; vii.1990). ?: 3ex. [KU] GW: 5ex (Cheolwon, Mt. Chiaksan, Samcheok Daei-ri: iv-vi.1957-1992). GS: 2ex (Seiryori=Cheongryang-ri, Seoul: vi, ix.1932, 1933); 95ex (Mt. Soyosan, Mt. Cheonmasan, Mt. Cheongkyesan, Mt. Myeongjisan, Paldang, Cheongpyeong, Goyang, Seoul-C, Suwon, Mt. Bohwasan: iv-ix.1956-1998). CB: 2ex (Mt. Minjujisan, Mt. Wolaksan: v, vi.1987, 2000). GB: 7ex (Mt. Cheongryangsan, Mt. Juwangsan, Gyeongju: iv-vi.1989-1996). JB: 15ex (Muju, Mt. Duryunsan, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Jogyesan: v-vi.1956-1998). [HSU] CN: 53ex (Seosan: iv-vi.1994-1997). [EWU] GW: 1ex (Gangchon: 3.vi.1972). GS: 136ex (all provinces and Seoul 17 st: iv-vi.1957-1990). GN: 1ex (Temp. Hae-insa: 17.v.1963). JJ: 2ex (v.1988/vii.1985). [HNHM - NK] PB: 1ex (Mt. Myohyangsan: 25.v.1991). PN: 1ex (Mt. Ryongaksan: 17.v.1985). PN: 1ex (Bonghwa-ri Daedong riverside: 23.v.1970). WB: 3ex (Sariwon: 1-11.vii.1956); 2ex (1-15.viii.1956). GW: 1ex Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Sericinae 185

(Wonsan seashore: 28.v.1970). GG: 3ex(Bagyeon Sacheon-ri: 7.vi.1970). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 656 specimens →iii-x (iii- 17, iv- 88, v- 236, vi- 236, vii- 57, viii- 18, ix- 3, x- 1 specimen). BIOLOGY: Murayama, 1936: 6; 1938: 259-264; Nakayama and Okamoto, 1940: 200.

99. Maladera cariniceps (Moser, 1915) (Pls. 9-85, 16-85, 21-85) Al-mo-yang-u-dan-pung-deng-i (알모양우단풍뎅이)

Autoserica cariniceps Moser, 1915: 341; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 238; 1927: 7. Aserica cariniceps: Murayama, 1938b: 13; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 55; Cho, 1957: 124; KZS, 1968: 136. Serica cariniceps: Murayama, 1954: 41; Cho, 1969: 653 (Al-mo-yang-U-D-P-D-I); Kim and Nam, 1982a: 155. Maladera (Aserica) cariniceps: Normura, 1967: 52. Maladera (Maladera) cariniceps: Nomura, 1973: 133; Stebnicka, 1980: 255. Maladera cariniceps: Kim et al., 1991b: 67; 1997b: 124; Kim, 1992: 105; 1993: 65; 2001b: 72; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 151. Aserica fusania Murayama, 1934: 35; Nomura, 1967: 52. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: O-ka-U-D-P-D-I (KZS, 1968 and 3 others). TYPE LOCALITY: Seoul, Korea.

Body oval, without luster, blackish brown, ventral surface light reddish brown to yellowish brown. Vertex with transverse row of setae. Clypeus strongly shiny, narrowed apically, lateral margins strongly reflexed, medioapical margin emarginate, with a transverse carina and groove behind apical emargination. Antennae yellowish brown, with 10 antennomeres; 3 antennomere club length less than that of stalk in both sexes. Pronotum with very dense punctures, with yellowish setae along lateral margins. Elytra with weakly convex interstices bearing scattered punctures; strial punctures irregular, with a row of robust setae along lateral sides. Metafemora and metatibiae not large. Ad: Median piece strongly narrowed apically. Parameres with roundly swollen base, fishing needle-shaped apex; left lobe with apex sharply curved outwardly; right lobe thick, curved downwardly with large apex. BL: 8-10.5 mm. BW: 5-6.5 mm. Fine Structure of Elytral Punctures and Diffraction Gratings: Kim and Kim (2003c).

DISTRIBUTION: Manchuria, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Hoeryeong, HN Wonsan, PB Jeongju, PY Pyeongyang, Mt. Ryongak- san, WN Haeju, GG Gaeseong, SK- About 700 specimens from about 100 sites from more 80 regions in the mountains, plains and islands across the entire country including Seoul. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (575 specimens): [SWU] GW: 7ex (Gangchon, Wonju, Jeongseon, Bukpyeong: v-viii.1977-1996). GS: 171ex (Mt. Soyosan, Mt. Cheonmasan, Mt. Cheongkyesan, Mt. Myeongjisan, Mt. Yongmunsan, Gwangju-G, Seoul-C, Suwon, Seongnam, Hanam, Pyeongteak, Daeseongri, Incheon, Ongjin: iii-ix.1966-2000). CBN: 22ex (Jewon, Chungju, Cheongju, Goesan, Cheonan, Seosan, Mt. Mansusan, Gongju, Dangjin, Mt. Busosan: v-viii.1977-2000); 1ex [Chungju (Mts. Gyemeongsan, Namsan): 24.viii.]; 2ex (27.ix.2000). GBN: 56ex (Mt. Hwanghaksan, Mt. Palgongsan, 186 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Gyeongju, Cheongdo, Gyeongsan, Bulyeong, Gyeongsan Yeongnam Univ, Uljin, Daegu, Jinju, Tongyeong, Goseong, Habcheon, Sancheong, Hamyang, Namhae: iv-viii.1978-1999). JBN: 23ex (Mt. Deokyusan, Buan, Gochang, Jeonju, Wanju, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Jogyesan, Yeocheon: v-viii.1976- 1999). JJ: 1ex (vii.1985). [NAAS] GS: 43ex (Suwon: iii-viii.1972-1990); 1ex (Kasan=Whasan: 6.iv. 1922). CN: 25ex (Seosan: 12.iv.1996). JN: 1ex (Mokpo: v.1984). JJ: 2ex (v, vi.1975). [SNU] GW: 1ex (Mt. Chiaksan: v.1983). GS: 60ex (Seoul →Anyang →Suwon: v-vii.1965-1994); 6ex (Mt. Soyosan, Cheongpyeong, Gwangju, Songdo, Anseong: iv-ix.1986-1994). CB: 2ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Cheongju: vi.1992). JN: 1ex (Dapgok: vi.1994). JJ: 1ex (iv.1986); ?: 5ex. [KU] GW: 1ex (Inje Mt. Bangdaesan: vi.1999); 1ex (Mt. Taebaeksan: viii.1961). GS: 1ex (Seiyori: ix.1932); 10ex (Cheongpyeong, Seoul, Mt. Jeongbalsan, Gwangneung, Seongnam, Pyeongtaek: v-viii.1954-2000). CB: 1ex (Mt. Minjujisan: vi.2000). CN: 1ex (Mt. Gyeryongsan: vi.1997). GB: 2ex (Bulyeong, Mt. Cheongryangsan: vi.1990, 1996). JN: 9ex (Mt. Duryunsan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Jogyesan: v.1988-1991). [HSU] CN: 22ex (Seosan-G: iv-vi.1994-1997). [EWU] GW: 1ex (Mt. Seolaksan: 28.v.1977). GS: 82ex (Gapyeong-G, Pocheon-G, Yangju-G, Namyangju-G, Seoul (47ex. all areas): iv-vi.1961-1991); 1ex (ix.1968). [HNHM - NK] HB: 1ex (Cheongjin: 2.vi.1991). PB: 4ex (Mt. Myohyangsa: 13, 14.vii.1981); 1ex (Pyeonyang city: 7.vii.1982); 1ex (30.v.1985). PN: 1ex (Bonghwa-ri Daedong riverside: 23.v.1970); 1ex (Mt. Ryongaksan: 27.vii.1982). WN: 1ex (Mt. suyangsan Haeju: 16.x.1987). MONTHLY COLLECTION: 373 South Korean specimens →iii-xi (iii- 16, iv- 60, v- 152, vi- 79, vii- 33, viii- 21, ix- 14, xi- 1 specimen). BIOLOGY: Murayama, 1931: 259 (Aserica).

Removed Maladera Species from the Korean Fauna

1. Maladera formosae (Brenske, 1898) Dae-man-u-dan-p-d-i (대만우단풍뎅이)

Autoserica formosae Brenske, 1898: 210 (Formosa=Taiwan): Niijima and Kinoshita, 1923: 27; Aserica - Murayama, 1937a: 34; KZS, 1968: 136 (Dae-man-U-D-P-D-I) and three others; Serica - Murayama, 1954: 62; ESK and KSEA, 1994; 151 (Mo-je-dae-man-U-D-P-D-I) and two others; Maladera - Stebnic- ka, 1980: 254 and two others → Korean specimen corresponding to the original description or other descriptions not found.

2. Maladera japonica (Motschulsky, 1860) U-dan-p-d-i (우단풍뎅이)

Serica japonica Motschulsky, 1860: 15: Kolbe, 1886: 192 (Seoul); Cho et al., 1968: 264 (U-D-P-D-I, Jejudo) and 10 others; Autoserica - Nomura, 1967: 131 and two others; Maladera - Miwa, 1931: 289 and 25 others →Murayama (1954) already doubted the Korean distribution of this species, and Nomura (1973) decide that this species not found on the main continental. Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Sericinae 187

3. Maladera kamiyai (Sawada, 1937)

Serica kamiyai Sawada, 1937: 27: Maladera - Kim and Chang (1987a, Mt. Taebaeksan) →misidentified specimen of Serica septentrionalis.

4. Maladera laboriosa (Brenske, 1897) Dae-nam-u-dan-p-d-i (대남우단풍뎅이)

Aserica laboriosa Brenske, 1897: 339: Murayama, 1937 (Ganggye): 34; KZS, 1968: 136 (Dae-Nam-U-D- P-D-I) and two others; Serica - Murayama, 1954: 43; Cho, 1969: 654; Maladera - Stebnicka, 1980: 207 → Murayama (1954) retracted his previous record of this species from Korae (Murayama, 1937).

5. Maladera nitidiceps Nomura, 1967

Maladera nitidiceps Nomura, 1967: 55: Stebnicka, 1980: 258 (Pyeongyang, Hyesan) →see Maladera coreana.

6. Maladera secreta (Brenske, 1897) Je-ju-u-dan-p-d-i (제주우단풍뎅이)

Autoserica secreta Brenske, 1897: 341: Okamoto, 1924: 173 (Jejudo); Morita, 1936: 111 (Gunsan); Aserica - Murayama, 1938: 12 and two others; Serica - Murayama, 1954: 35; Cho, 1957: 218 (Je-ju-U- D-P-D-I) and three others; Maladera - KSPP, 1972: 207 → Murayama (1954) doubted Okamoto’s record, and this species does occur in Japan.

7. Maladera stridula (Brenske, 1897) Jung-guk-u-dan-p-d-i (중국우단풍뎅이)

Aserica stridula Brenske, 1897: 401: Murayama, 1935: 3 (Ganggye) and two others; Serica - Cho, 1969: 654 (Jung-guk-U-D-P-D-I); Maladera - Stebnicka, 1980: 207 → Chinese species. Murayama (1954) retracted his previous record (Murayama, 1935).

8. Maladera thibetana (Brenske, 1897) Ti-bet-u-dan-p-d-i (티벳우단풍뎅이)

Serica thibetana Brenske, 1897: 401: Nijiima and Kinoshita, 1927: 2 (PB- Dae-yudong); Cho, 1969: 651 (Ti-bet-U-D-P-D-I) and six others → Tibet species. Murayama (1954) retracted his previous record (Murayama, 1935a, Nangok), and cast doubt on Nijiima and Kinoshita’s (1927) record. 188 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Genus Sericania Motschulsky, 1860: 256. Da-saeg-u-dan-pung-deng-i-sog (다색우단풍뎅이속)

Mesoserica Matsumura, 1911: 118 (Type species: Mesoserica sachalinensis Matsumura, 1911).

The genus is characterized by antennae with 9-10 antennomeres including 4 antennomere club in males and 3 antennomere club in females; club long in males, short in females, with last anten- nomere of pedicel frequently semi-club formed; protibiae with 2 outer teeth; mesotibiae slender, long, with 2-3 short outer setae; width between mesocoxae 1/2-2/3 femoral width; metacoxae with transverse groove. Ahrens (2007b) did a cladistical analysis for this genus. Based on the results, Ahrens (2007b) classified the genus into 3 series. The East Asian species are in the S. fusco- lineata series. In Korea, eight specific names were recorded after Heyden (1887), but only four species are valid. Type species: Sericania fuscolineata Motschulsky, 1860.

SPECIES approximately 70 in the Palaearctic Region (4 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Palaearctic Region. KEY REFERENCE: Murayama (1935, 1937, 1941, 1954), Kim (2001b), Ahrens (2007, 2007a, b).

Key to the species of genus Sericania

1. Body long, dark brown. Males with dorsal side flat, weak pearly luster. Females completely shiny on dorsal and ventral surfaces ·······································································S. yamauchii - Body not long, dorsal side strongly shiny·················································································2 2. Dorsal surface black to brown, labial palpi and tarsal claws brown. Abdominal sternites weakly shiny, with irregular setae ·······················································································S. koryoensis - Dorsal surface yellowish brown to dark brown. Abdominal sternites with setae in rows or irregular···································································································································3 3. Elytral interstices and striae yellowish brown to brown as like body color. Male antennal club with 4 distinct antennomeres. Clypeus slightly narrowed apically, with apical margin strongly reflexed ···················································································································S. latisulcata - Elytral striae darkerer than interstices. Dorsal side metallic shiny, with setae. Male antennal club with 4.5-5 antennomeres, last antennomere in pedicel especially long ··········S. fuscolineata

100. Sericania fuscolineata Motschulsky, 1860(Pls. 9-86, 16-86, 22-86) Heuk-da-saeg-u-dan-pung-deng-i (흑다색우단풍뎅이)

Sericania fuscolineata Motschulsky, 1860: 136: Heyden, 1887: 251; Niijima and Kinoshita, 1927: 13; Murayama, 1935: 3; 1937: 35; 1938: 15; 1954: 68; Doi, 1938: 97; Sawada, 1938: 10; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 58; Cho, 1957: 297; 1969: 662 (Heuk-da-saeg-U-D-P-D-I); Cho et al., 1967: 197; Kim et al., 1971: 160; 1981: 125; 1982a: 155; 1984: 328; 1985: 105; Kim, 1978: 383; Stebnicka, 1980: 252; Kim, 1981: 344; 1992: 105; 1993: 65; 1995a: 164; 1996c: 174; 2001b: 58; Kim et al., 1991b: 67; 1991f: 49; 1996a: 127; 1998: 170; 2002: 120; Park et al., 1993: 178. Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Sericinae 189

Serica fuscolineata: ESK and KSAE, 1994: 151. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Eo-ri-gwang-reung-da-saeg-U-D-P-D-I (Cho et al., 1967).

Body long, cylindrical, dorsal surface flat, yellowish brown to dark brown, metallic shiny, completely covered with setae. Vertex, medial part of pronotum, elytral suture, abdominal sternites blackish brown to black. Clypeus shiny, with dense punctures, apicomedially with some setae located in transversally depressions. Antennae yellowish brown, with 9 antennomeres; male antennal club with 4 antennomeres, curved medially, length 2 times length of stalk, pedicel anten- nomere 5 very long similar to club; female antennal club with 3 antennomeres, slightly shorter than stalk. Pronotum convex, with dense punctures, with a row of setae along lateral margins. Elytra with interstices convex, smooth, with striae darker than interstices, bearing complicated and dense punctures. Abdominal sternites with dense setae, with a setal row at basal margin of each segment. Legs slender, long; metafemora with punctures and 2 setal rows; metatarsomere 1 longer than tibial spur, shorter than metatarsomere 2-3 combined. Ad: Basal piece shorter than median piece. Median piece slightly shorter than tarsi, with dorsal side convex, angle of lateral piece of terminal part 30°. Parameres 1.2 mm in length; right lobe with small, tooth-shape process at medially. BL: 8-11 mm. BW: 4.5-5.5 mm. Fine Structure of Elytral Punctures and Diffraction Gratings: Kim and Kim (2003c).

DISTRIBUTION: Siberia, Manchuria, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Najin, Hoeryeong, Musanryeong, Kyeongseong, Sharei (=Charyeong, Musan), Mt. Kwanmobong, Buryeong, Jueul, Pungryu-ri, Cheongjin, Gomusan, HN R. Bujeongang riverside, Mt. Myohyangsan, Hongwon, PY Pyeongyang, Yongseong, WN- Sariwon, GW Mt. Geumgangsan, Geombullang, Mt. Bogaesan, Temp. Seokwangsa, Nangok, ?- Mt. Baekbong, Munsudong valley, SK- More than 600 specimens from about 90 sites from 80 regions in the mountains, plains and islands across the entire country except Jejudo. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (519 specimens): [SWU] GW: 73ex (Inje, Mt. Seolaksan, Yanggu, Pyeongchang. Mt. Odaesan, Bukpyeong, Chunseong, Mt. Chiaksan, Mt. Taebaeksan: v-viii.1958-1999); 6ex (Buyeon valley Mt. Odaesan: 20.vi.2001). GS: 50ex (Is. Deogjeokdo, Mt. Wangbangsan, Mt. Cheong- kyesan, Mt. Chukryeongsan, Mt. Cheonmasan, Yangpyeong-G, Seoul, Gwangju-G, Suwon, Seongnam: iv-vii.1957-1999). CBN: 5ex (Cheongwon, Jecheon, Mt. Gyeryongsan: iv-v.1991-1999). GBN: 115ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Mt. Juwangsan, Uljin, Cheongdo, Mt. Ilwolsan, Ulju, Geochang, Milyang, Habcheon, Busan, Temp. Naewonsa: v-viii.1974-1999). JBN: 49ex (Muju, Seolcheon, Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Jirisan: v-vii.1972-1997). [NAAS - NK] HB: 1ex [Sharei (=Charyeong Musan): 21.viii.1922]. GW: 1ex (Daegwallyeong: 10.vi.1973). GS: 23ex (Suwon: v-vii.1975-1981). GB: 1ex (Seongju: 16.v.1975). JB: 1ex (Mt. Naejangsan: 10.vi.1975); ?: 2ex (Renen hunei: 1.iii.1927). [SNU] GW: 6ex (Mt. Odaesan: v-vii.1991-1995). GS: 1ex (Mt. Myeongjisan: vi.1992); 3ex (Gwangneung: v, vi.1982, 1991); 1ex (Sudong: vii.1995); 1ex (Mt. Dobongsan: 23.vi.1992). GN: 1ex (Hapchon: 17.v.1992). JN: 10ex (Mt. Jirisan Piagol, Simwon): v, vi.1993, 1997); 5ex (Mt. Baekwunsan, Dapgok, Chusan: 23-25.vi.1995); ?- 6ex. [KU] GW: 42ex (Goseong, Mt. Seolaksan, Inje, Yangku, Hongcheon, Mt. Chiaksan: v-vi.1979-1999). GS: 15ex (Gapyeong-G, Pocheon-G, Mt. Gwanaksan: iv-vi.1981- 1997). CBN: 10ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Minjujisan, Mt. Gyeryongsan: v-vi.1987-2000). GB: 5ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Mt. Juwangsan, Mt. Cheongryangsan: vi.1981-1996). JBN: 12ex (Muju, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Duryunsan: v-vii.1983-1998). [EWU] GW: 3ex (Goseong, Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Gyebangsan: v, vi.1990-1995). GS: 32ex [Mt. Wha-aksan, Pochon-G, Yangju-G, Namyangju-G, Mt. 190 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Yongmunsan, Seoul (6 st): v-vi, ix.1959-1995]. CB: 1ex (Mt. Wolaksan: 21.vi.1987). GN: 1ex (Temp. Hae-insa: 17.v.1963). JN: 1ex (Mt. Jirisan: 6.v.1977). [HNHM - NK] HB: 1ex (Cheongjin: 2.vi.1991). PB: 5ex (Mt. Myohyangsan: v.1985); 7ex (23-28.v.1991); 1ex (Pyeongyang city: 30.v.1985). GW: 1ex (Mt. Geumgangsan: 30.v.1970); 1ex(26.v.1985); 15ex(9-14.vi.1991). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 416 specimens →i, iv-viii (i- 2, iv- 4, v- 151, vi- 240, vii- 16, viii- 3 specimens).

101. Sericania latisulcata Murayama, 1941 (Pls. 9-87, 16-87, 22-87) Neol-beun-jul-da-saeg-u-dan-pung-deng-i (넓은줄우단풍뎅이)

Sericania latisulcata Murayama, 1941: 36; Murayama, 1954: 69; Cho, 1969: 662 (Neol-Beun-Jul-da- saeg-U-D-P-D-I); Kim, 1978: 383; Stebnicka, 1980: 206; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 155; Kim and Lee, 1991f: 49; Kim, 2001b: 59. Serica latisulcata: ESK and KSAE, 1994: 151. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Neob-jeok-jul-U-D-P-D-I (Kim, 1978). TYPE LOCALITY: Is. Wulleungdo Korea.

Body elongate oval, relatively small species, shiny, yellowish brown to brown, elytral striae and interstices same color as body, head dark brown. Clypeus barely narrowed apically, near quadrate, with apical margin strongly reflexed, surface rough with very dense punctures bearing some setae. Antennae brown, with 9 antennomeres; male antennal club with 4.5 antennomeres, last club anten- nomere length 1.6 times length of stalk; antennomere 5 length 3/5 that of antennomeres 1-4 combined. Pronotum with dense punctures. Elytra with interstices very high; with striae bearing complicate, dense punctures and some setae; elytral humerus with a seta. Legs slender, long; metafemora with punctures and 2 setal rows; metatarsomere 1 longer than tibial spur, shorter than metatarsomere 2-3 combined. Abdominal sternites with dense punctures and some setae. Ad: Median piece with frontal part slender, basal part thick. Right lobe of parameres enlarged inwardly, with ellipsoidal plate at base, a projection at underside, apex ventrally enlarged. Left lobe of para- meres with large, ellipsoidal plate at base; ventrally enlarged apex flat longitudinally. BL: 9-12 mm, BW: 5-6 mm. Fine Structure of Elytral Punctures and Diffraction Gratings: Kim and Kim (2003c).

DISTRIBUTION: Korea proper. KOREA: Central, South, Is. Ulleungdo. KOREAN RECORDS: SK- GS Temp. Bongwonsa Seoul, Gwangneung, Mt. Cheongkyesan, CB Mt. Wolaksan, GB Is. Ulleungdo, JN Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Dapgok. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (7 specimens): [SNU] CB: 1ex (Mt. Wolaksan: 1.v.1992). JN: 2ex (Mt. Jirisan: 23.vi.1993); 1ex (Mt. Baekwunsan: 23.vi.1995); 1ex (Dapgok: 23.vi.1995). [EWU] GS: 1ex (Gwang- neung: 23.v.1991); 1ex(Mt. Cheonggyesan: 7.vi.1981). Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Sericinae 191

102. Sericania koryoensis Murayama, 1935 (Pls. 9-88, 16-88, 22-88) Gwang-reung-da-saeg-u-dan-pung-deng-i (광릉다색우단풍뎅이)

Sericania koryoensis Murayama, 1935: 8 (Koryo, 1♂); Murayama, 1938: 15; 1954: 71; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 59; Cho, 1957: 297; 1969: 662; Kim, 1981: 344; 2001b: 56; Stebnicka, 1980: 206; Kim and Lee, 1991b: 67; 1991f: 49; Kim et al., 2004: 117. Serica koryoensis: ESK and KSAE, 1994: 151. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Gwang-reung-U-D-P-D-I (Cho, 1969). TYPE LOCALITY: Korea (Koryo=Gwangneung).

Body short, dorsal surface strongly shiny, reddish brown to black, labial palpi and tarsal claws brown. Clypeus with apical margin weakly reflexed; punctures rough, dense. Antennae blackish brown, with 10 antennomeres; male antennal club with 4 antennomeres length 1.6 times length of stalk; female club with 3 antennomeres, shorter than stalk. Pronotum with deep, dense punctures. Elytra with interstices high; with striae bearing complicated, dense punctures and some setae; elytral humerus with a seta. Legs with metafemora bearing 2 longitudinal rows of setae; metatar- somere 1 longer than tibial spur, shorter than metatarsomere 2-3 combined. Abdominal sternites weakly shiny, with dense punctures, each segment with a row of setae. Ad: Entirely black. Basal piece slightly shorter than parameres, median piece slightly longer than parameres. Parameres about 0.8 mm length; basal part with simple, flat process; right process located at upper side of left process; with large, round apex. BL: 8-10 mm. BW: 4.5-5.3 mm. Fine Structure of Elytral Punctures and Diffraction Gratings: Kim and Kim (2003c).

DISTRIBUTION: Korea proper. KOREA: Central, South. KOREAN RECORDS: SK- GW Mt. Seolaksan, Inje, Pyeongchang, Chuncheon-G, Hoengseong, Mt. Chiaksan, GG Mt. Myeongjisan, Pocheon, Gwangneung, Sudong, Mt. Yongmunsan, Yangpyeong, Suwon, Gwangkyo, CB Mt. Wolaksan, Danyang, GBN Munkyeong, Mt. Hwanghaksan, Cheongsong, Uljin, Goseong, Hapcheon, Mt. Gayasan, JBN Muju, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Mt. Jogyesan. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (102 specimens): [SWU] GW: 17ex (Mt. Seolaksan, Chunseong, Inje, Pyeong- chang, Hoengseong, Mt. Chiaksan: v-vi.1974-1999). GS: 7ex (Mt. Myeongjisan: iv-vi.1991-2000); 4ex (Mt. Yongmunsan: v.1962-1982). CB: 1ex (Mt. Gyemeongsan Chungju: 17.vi.2003); 2ex (Mt. Wolaksan, Danyang: v.1984, 1987). GB: 26ex(Munkyeong, Uljin, Cheongsong. Mt. Hwanghaksan: v-vi.1978-1996). GN: 2ex (Goseong, Habcheon: iv, v.1966, 1968). JB: 13ex(Muju: v.1983, 1993). JN: 1ex (Mt. Baekwunsan: iv.1990). [NAAS] GS: 1ex(Suwon: 19.iv.1983). [SNU] GW: 2ex (Mt. Seolagsan: 12.v.1992); 2ex (Mt. Chiaksan: v.1982, 1983). GG: 5ex (Mt. Myeongjisan: v.1991-1996); 1ex (Yang- pyeong: 19.vi.1992); 1ex (Gwangkyo: v.1991). CB: 2ex (Mt. Wolaksan: 12.v.1992). GN: 1ex (Mt. Gayasan: 10.v.1992). [KU] GW: 2ex (Inje: v, vi.1997, 1999); 2ex (Mt. Chiaksan: vi.1992). GS: 1ex (Pocheon: 10.v.1997); 1ex (Mt. Yongmunsan: 19.v.1973). GB: 2ex (Mt. Juwangsan: vi.1989). JB: 2ex (Muju: v.1983). JBN: 2ex (Mt. Jogyesan: v.1988). [EWU] GW: 2ex (Mt. Seolaksan: 10.v.1990). GG: 1ex (Mt. Yongmunsan: 24.v.1987). JN: 1ex(Temp. Yeon-goksa: 6.v.1977). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 102 specimens →iv-vi (iv- 6, v- 71, vi- 25 specimens). 192 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

103. Sericania yamauchii Sawada, 1938 (Pls. 9-89, 16-89, 22-89) Ha-se-ga-wa-da-saeg-u-dan-pung-deng-i (하세가와다색우단풍뎅이)

Sericania yamauchii Sawada, 1938: 8, 14: Kim and Lee, 1991f: 51; Kim, 1992: 105; 1993: 65; 1995a: 164; 2001b: 57. Serica yamauchii: ESK and KSAE, 1994: 151. Sericania hasegawai Murayama, 1941: 21 (Korea: 1♂, Kôryô=Gwangneung; Manchuria: 1♂, Yablonia); Murayama, 1954: 72; Cho, 1969: 662 (Ha-se-ga-wa-da-saeg-U-D-P-D-I); Kim, 1978: 383; Stebnicka, 1980: 206. TYPE LOCALITY: Japan (Hiko, Kiushiu).

Body long, dark brown in most specimens, similar to S. koryoensis but differs inthat it is longer, flatter, without luster, dorsal surface of male flat, weak pearly luster, female completely shiny on dorsal and ventral surfaces. Clypeus with apical margin strongly elevated; with discal punctures dense, rough, bearing some setae. Antennae yellowish brown, with 9 antennomeres; 4 anten- nomere club in males with length 1.6 times length of stalk, 3 antennomere club in females shorter than stalk. Pronotum yellowish brown, with a yellow depression laterally. Elytra with interstices convex, dark; striae bearing complicate, dense punctures; each lateral margin with a robust setal row; elytral humerus with a seta. Legs with metafemora bearing 2 longitudinal rows of setae; metatarsomere 1 longer than tibial spur, shorter than metatarsomere 2-3 combined. Abdominal sternites with dense punctures and some setae. Ad: Basal piece slender, short, length nearly half length of parameres. Median piece long, large, with median black line; angle of apex of lateral part about 85°. Parameres about 1.2 mm length, right lob slender but thickened basally, left median outer side enlarged, inner side rugged or with a knob. BL: 9.5-12 mm. BW: 5-6 mm. Fine Structure of Elytral Punctures and Diffraction Gratings: Kim and Kim (2003c).

DISTRIBUTION: Manchuria, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South. KOREAN RECORDS: SK- GW Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Odaesan, Hongcheon, Chuncheon, Gangchon, GG Gwangneung, Mt. Yongmunsan, Mt. Cheonmasan, Mt. Myeongseongsan, Byeokje, Mt. Cheong- gyesan, Suwon, CBN Mt. Soknisan, Mt. Gyeryongsan, GB Mt. Sobaeksan, JBN Muju-Gucheondong, Mt. Jirisan, Dapgok, Chusan, Mt. Jogyesan, JJ Mt. Hallasan. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (32 specimens): [SWU] GW: 2ex (Mt. Seolaksan, Mt. Odaesan: v, vii.1983, 1995); 1ex (Gangchon: v.1970). GS: 4ex (Mt. Cheonmasan, Seoul, Suwon: iv-vi.1961-1999). CN: 3ex (Mt. Gyeryongsan: iv.1983). GB: 8ex(Mt. Sobaeksan: vi.1981). JN: 1ex (Mt. Jirisan: v.1999). [SNU] JN: 1ex (Piagol: 29.v.1997); 1ex(Dapgok: 23.vi.1995); 1ex (Chusan: 24.vi.1995). [KU] GW: 1ex (Hong- cheon: 8.vi.1995). CB: 1ex (Mt. Minjujisan: 4.vi.2000). CB: 1ex (Mt. Sobaeksan: 6.vi.1981). [EWU] GG: 2ex (Mt. Yongmunsan: 27.v.1973; 1.vi.1991). [HNHM- NK] HB: 1ex (Cheongjin: 7.vi.1991). PB: 1ex (Mt. Myohyangsan: 22.v.1985); 2ex(25.v.1991); 1ex(Mt. Geumgangsan: 12.vi.1991). Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Sericinae 193

Sericania Species Removes from the Korean Fauna

1. Sericania angulata Lewis, 1895 Hal-la-san-da-saeg-u-dan-p-d-i (한라산다색우단풍뎅이)

Sericania angulata Lewis, 1895: 392: Lee et al., 1985: 125; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 151 (Serica, Da-saeg- U-D-P-D-I) →Japanese species. listed by a non specialist.

2. Sericania imadatei Sawada, 1955 San-da-saeg-u-dan-p-d-i (산다색우단풍뎅이)

Sericania imadatei Sawada, 1955: 569: Kim and Kim, 1974a: 229; Lee et al., 1981: 82; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 151 (Serica, San-da-saeg-U-D-P-D-I) →Misidentified Japanese species.

3. Sericania kamiyai Sawada, 1938 Keun-da-saeg-u-dan-p-d-i (큰다색우단풍뎅이)

Sericania kamiyai Sawada, 1938: 12, 18: Kim and Kim, 1972a (Muju-Gucheondong): 83; Kim and Lee, 1991f: 50; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 151 (Serica, Keun-da-saeg-U-D-P-D-I) →Japanese species. The first record was a misidentified Nipponoserica opacicarina, and the second record was not by specialists.

Genus Nipponoserica Nomura, 1973: 120. Jo-rong-bag-u-dan-pung-deng-i-sog (조롱박우단풍뎅이속)

Pseudomaladera Nikolayev, 1980(Type species: Serica koltzei Reitter, 1897).

The genus is characterized by the dorsal surface velvety, without black pattern; antennae with 9 antennomeres including 3 antennomere club; elytral apex membranous, and by the hind legs: coxae without transverse groove; femora dull but rarely with pearly luster; tibiae with longitudinal, wrinkly waves outside. Male aedeagus symmetrical in most species. In Korea, 3 specific names have been reported including one erroroneously. Type species: Serica similis, 1895.

SPECIES 19 in Palaearctic (Loebl and Smetana, 2006) (2 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Manchurian subregion in Palaearctic Region.

Key to the species of genus Nipponoserica

1. Body more than 8 mm length, dark brown. Pronotum with round apical angles············elliptica 194 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

- Body less than 8.5 mm length, yellowish brown to brown. Pronotum with apical angles right angled ······················································································································ opacicarina

104. Nipponoserica elliptica (Murayama, 1938) (Pls. 9-90, 16-90, 22-90) Jo-rong-bag-u-dan-pung-deng-i (조롱박우단풍뎅이)

Serica elliptica Murayama, 1938: 17; Murayama, 1954: 32; Cho, 1963: 217; 1969: 650 (Jo-rong-bag-U- D-P-D-I); Cho et al., 1968: 264; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 154; Kim and Lee, 1991b: 67; 1991f: 55. Nipponoserica elliptica: Kim, 2001b: 61; Kim and Kim, 2003: 76. OTHER KOREAN NAMES: Gin-U-D-P-D-I (Cho, 1963; Cho et al., 1968). TYPE LOCALITY: Korea (Mt. Hallasan, Koryo=Gwangneung).

Body elongate oval, reddish brown to blackish brown. Clypeus shiny, with apical margin reflexed, with dense punctures and some setae. Antennae yellowish brown, with 9 antennomeres; antennal club with 3 antennomeres with length approximately 1.3 times length of stalk in males, shorter than stalk in females. Pronotum and scutellum with fine, shallow punctures. Elytra with interstices convex, velvety; striae bearing complicated, dense punctures; lateral margins bearing setae; elytral humerus angled, bearing a seta; with membranous apex. Legs: metafemora with weak, velvety luster, with some punctures and setae, hind margins saw blade-like in form for apical 2/3 length; metatibiae with longitudinal, waved surface, outer wrinkles. Abdominal sternites with shallow punctures bearing setae. Ad: Basal piece weakly curved, length greater than that of median piece and parameres combined; basal part long, largely curved inwardly, connected as like another joint. Median piece very short, simple. Parameres simple, with opened apex. BL: 8-11 mm. BW: 5-6.5 mm. Fine Structure of Elytral Punctures and Diffraction Gratings: Kim and Kim (2003c).

DISTRIBUTION: Korea proper. KOREA: Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: SK- GW Daegwallyeong, GS Byeokje, Seongchu, Seoul, Suwon, Hwasan, Gwangneung, CB Mt. Wolaksan, GBN Yeongju, Mt. Sobaeksan, Bonghwa, Andong, Sancheong, Jinju, JBN Mt. Naejangsan, Buan, Gochang, Jangseong, Mt. Jirisan, JJ Mt. Hallasan. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (38 specimens): [SWU] CB: 1ex (Mt. Wolaksan: v.1987); 1♂(Jincheon Baekgok: 7.vii.1998); 1♂ (Mt. Baekhwasan Taean: 2.vi.2001). GBN: 5ex (Mt. Sobaeksan, Andong, Bonghwa, Sancheong, Jinju: v-viii.1974-1992); 16ex [Chungju (Mts. Gyemyeongsan, Namsan): 24.viii.]; 1ex (27.ix.2000); 1♀ (Jinju: 11-17.v.1991); 1ex (Busan Geumjeong Seon-dong: 19.v.2003). JBN: 3ex(Buan, Gochang, Jangseong: v.1992, 1994); 1♂(Namwon: 25-26.vii.1990). [SNU] GW: 1ex (Daegwanllyeong: 24.vii.1974). JN: 1ex (Piagol: 15.vii.1976); 1ex (Temp. Wha-eomsa: 9.vii.1969). [EWU] GS: 2ex (Byeokje, Songchu: 5.vi.1971); 2ex (Seoul: vi.1976, 1990). Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Sericinae 195

105. Nipponoserica opacicarina Kim and Kim, 2003 (Pls. 9-91, 16-91, 22-91) Mu-te-nal-gae-u-dan-pung-deng-i (무테날개우단풍뎅이)

Nipponoserica opacicarina Kim and Kim, 2003: 76. following lists are misidentified all: Serica brunnea (Linné) (Scarabaeus brunneus): Murayama, 1938: 9; 1954: 30; Cho, 1969: 650 (Ddak-bu- ri-U-D-P-D-I); Stebnicka, 1980: 206; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 154; Kim and Lee, 1991b: 67; 1991f: 54; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 151; Kim, 1995a: 164; 2001b: 62. Sericania kamiyai (Sawada): Kim and Kim, 1972a: 83. Maladera kamiyai: Kim and Chang, 1987a: 104. TYPE LOCALITY: Korea.

Body large, cylindrical, velvety, yellowish brown to dark brown. Clypeus shiny, with some carinae. Antennae yellow, with 9 antennomeres; 3 antennomere club with length approximately 2 times length of stalk in males, shorter than stalk in females. Pronotum convex; with fine, shallow punctures. Elytra with interstices convex, velvety; striae bearing complicate, dense punctures; lateral margins bearing setae; elytral humerus angled, bearing a seta; with membranous apex. Legs: metafemora with weak, velvety luster, with some punctures and setae, hind margins saw blade-like in form; metatibiae with median, longitudinal groove, some marginal spines, saw blade- like form along 2/3rd of ventral margin; metatarsomere 1 slightly longer than tibial upper spur, shorter than metatarsomere 2-3 combined. Abdominal sternites with dense punctures and strong rows of setae laterally. Ad: Very similar to N. elliptica, but differs in straighter form, basal piece with shorter base and lowly curved angle. Parameres elongate apically, apex with small ball-like structure. BL: 6.5-8.5 mm. BW: 4-5 mm. Fine Structure of Elytral Punctures and Diffraction Gratings: Kim and Kim (2003c).

DISTRIBUTION: Korea proper. KOREA: Central, South. KOREAN RECORDS: See SPECIMENS EXAMINED. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (21 specimens): JB: 1♂[Temp. Naesosa Buan: 22.v.1992(Holotype)]; GW: 1♀ (Bukpyung: 26.vi.1984). GG: 1♀ (Mt. Cheonmasan: 23.v.1984); 1♀ (Mt. Gwanaksan: 23.v.1988). GB: 1♂ (Andong: 10.viii.1987); 1♀ (Bonghwa: 24.vii.1986). JN: 1♂ [Temp. Baekyangsa Jangseong: 24.v.1994(all paratype)]. [SWU] GS: 1ex (Mt. Soyosan: 19.v.1935). GB: 1♂(Mt. Sobaeksan: 7.vi.1974). GN: 1♂ (Mt. Bibongsan Jinju: 7.v.1984); 1♂1♀ (1-22.vi.1984); 1♀ (Sancheong: 3.vi.1992). JB: 1♂ (Buan: 11.v.1992); 1♂ (Temp. Seonwunsa Gochang: 21.v.1992). [NAAS] GS: 2ex (Suwon: v, vi.1925, 26); 1ex (Whaseong: 6.i.1922). [SNU] GG: 1ex (Woncheon: 28.v.1990); 1ex (Gwangkyo: 24.v.1990). [EWU] GG: 1ex (Suwon: 13.vi.1984). 196 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Nipponoserica Species Removed from the Korean Fauna

1. Nipponoserica similis (Lewis, 1895) Ju-hwang-u-dan-p-d-i (주황우단풍뎅이)

Serica similis Lewis, 1895: 391 (Japan): Okamoto, 1924: 172, and 18 others; Nipponoserica - Stebnicka, 1980: 250; Kim and Lee, 1991f: 51 →Murayama (1954) clarified that Okamoto’s made a misidentifi- cation, but it was cited repeatedly.

Genus Serica MacLeay, 1819: 146 U-dan-pung-deng-i-sog (우단풍뎅이속)

Trichoserica Reitter, 1896 (Type species: Trichoserica fulvopubens Reitter, 1896). Ophthalmoserica Brenske, 1897 (Type species: Serica thibetana Brenske, 1897). Podoserica Breit, 1912 (Type species: Podoserica reitteri Breit, 1912).

The genus is characterized by body oval, velvety in most species; antennae with 9 antennomeres including 3 antennomere club in both sexes; protibiae with 2 outer teeth, tarsal claws branched; width between mesocoxae half width of mesofemora; metafemora strongly shiny; metatibiae without outer, longitudinal wrinkle, with 2-3 short protruding spines. Male aedeagus asymmetrical, with hook-shaped left paramere. In Korea, 11 specific names under six generic names have been reported, but only four species are here recognized as valid. Type species: Scarabaeus brunneus Linné, 1758.

SPECIES approximately 300 (?, no data) (approximately 170 in the Palaearctic Region) (4 in Korea). DISTRIBUTION: Holarctic Region. KEY REFERENCE: Brenske (1897), Reitter (1902), Murayama (1954), Kim and et al. (1991f, 1997b, 2001b, 2003)

Key to the species of genus Serica

1. Elytra with black, spotty, scattered scaly patterns··············································S. septentrionalis - Elytra without spotty patterns··································································································2 2. Elytral setae in irregularly rows. Eyes large, with diameter larger than a half that of ocular interval ························································································································S. hirsuta - Elytral setae in regularly rows. Eyes large, with diameter less than a half that of ocular interval ···3 3. Body brown to dark brown. Elytra with dark sutures and outer margins. Ad: Median piece and parameres straight where connected·····································································S. fulvopubens - Body and elytra yellowish brown to light brown. Ad: Parameres and median piece right angled at connection···················································································································S. lutea Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Sericinae 197

106. Serica fulvopubens (Reitter, 1986) (Pls. 9-92, 16-92, 22-92) Gal-saek-u-dan-pung-deng-i (갈색우단풍뎅이: 신칭)

Trichoserica fulvopubens (Reitter), Entom. Zeit., 15: 184, 1986. Omalopia polita Gebler, Nouv. Mem. Soc. Nat. Moscou, II: 53, 1832. Serica polita: Murayama, 1935: 2; 1937: 32; 1938: 7; 1937b: 15; 1941: 17; 1954: 23; Sawada, 1937: 9; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 53; Cho, 1957: 295; 1969: 649 (Buk-Bang-U-D-P-D-I); Kim and Kim, 1972a: 83; Nomura, 1972: 111; Kim et al., 2002: 120. Trichoserica polita: Stebnicka, 1980: 250 (=S. hirsuta ?); Kim and Lee, 1991b: 67; 1991f: 52; Kim et al., 1998: 170; 1999: 129; Park et al., 1993: 178; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 151; Kim, 1992: 105; 1993: 65; 1995a: 164; 2001b: 62.

Body generally slender, elongate oval, strongly shiny, brown to black, appearing pale brown from densely covered setae. Clypeus shiny, brown; with rough, dense punctures bearing setae; with wealy reflexed apical margin. Antennae yellowish brown, with 9 antennomeres; 3 antennomere club length 2 times length of stalk in males, nearly as long as stalk in females. Eyes very large, prominent in male. Pronotum convex; with fine, dense punctures bearing setae. Elytra with interstices convex, covered with setae; striae bearing complicated, dense punctures; with lateral margins bearing robust setae. Hind Legs: femora with punctures bearing setae; tibiae longitudinally wrinkled, ventral margin with fine saw blade-like form in apical 2/3 length; metatarsomere 1 longer than tibial spur, approximately equal to metatarsomere 2-3 combined. Abdominal sternites with dense punctures. Ad: Basal piece simple. Median piece very large, wide, right lobe with length about 2 times that of left lobe. Parameres with very complicated basal area, apex enlarged in sharped hook-like knife structure. BL: 8.5-10 mm. BW: 4.5-5.5 mm. Fine Structure of Elytral Punctures and Diffraction Gratings: Kim and Kim (2003c).

DISTRIBUTION: Manchuria, Dauria, Korea, Japan. KOREA: North, Central, South, Jejudo. KOREAN RECORDS: NK- HB Hoeryeong, Musan, Jueul, YG Mt. Baekdusan, HN Songheung-ri, Pungryu-ri, PB Mt. Myohyangsan, GW Temp. Seokwangsa, WB Sariwon, GG Gaeseong Mt. Cheonmasan, SK- GW Inje, Mt. Odaesan Buyeon valley, Mt. Gachilbong, Mt. Bangdaesan, Mt. Gariwangsan, Mt. Chiaksan, Gangchon, Jeongseon, Mt. Hambaeksan, GS Mt. Soyosan, Mt. Wangbangsan, Mt. Yu-myeongsan, Mt. Myeongjisan, Mt. Cheonmasan, Mt. Chukryeongsan, Mt. Yongmunsan, Seoul, Mt. Cheongkyesan, Namhansanseong, Anyang, Suwon, CBN Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Minjujisan, Mt. Gyeryongsan, GBN Mt. Sobaeksan, Munkyeong, Bonghwa, Gyeongsan, Mt. Cheongryangsan, Mt. Hwanghaksan, Hadong, Temp. Hae-insa, Jinju, JBN Muju-Gucheondong, Namwon, Minryeong, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Jogyesan, Mt. Baekwunsan, Gwangyang, Bigeum, JJ- Jungmun. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (172 specimens): [SWU] GW: 21ex (Inje, Mt. Odaesan Temp. Woljeongsa, Gangchon, Mt. Chiaksan, Jeongseon, Mt. Hambaeksan: iv-ix.1958-2000); 1ex (Buyeon valley Mt. Odaesan: 19.viii.2001). GS: 20ex (Mt. Wangbangsan, Mt. Cheonmasan, Mt. Chukryeongsan, Seoul, Suwon, Mt. Yongmunsan: v-vii.1958-1994). CN: 1ex (Mt. Gyeryongsan: vii.1987). GBN: 11ex (Mt. Seondalsan: 29.vi.1998); 18ex (Mt. Cheongryangsan, Mt. Sobaeksan, Mt. Hwanghaksan, Munkyeong, Gyeongsan, Hadong, Jinju: v-ix.1974-1999). JBN: 21ex (Namwon, Muju, Minryeong, Mt. Jirisan, Mt. Jogyesan, Gwangyang: v-viii.1958-1986). JJ: 1ex (vii.1974). [NAAS] GW: 1ex (Gesseji=Temp. Weoljeongsa Mt. Odaesan: 8.vii.1923). [SNU] GG: 3ex (Suwon: vi.1988); 1ex (Anyang: 1997); 1ex 198 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

(Namhansanseong: vi.1988). CB: 1ex (Wolaksan: vi.1984). JN: 17ex (Mt. Jirisan: vii.1976); 1ex (Piagol: vi.1997); 2ex (Mt. Baekwunsan: vi, vii.1988, 1991). JJ: 1ex (vii.1971). [KU] GW: 2ex (Mt. Chiaksan, Mt. Bangdaesan: vi.1992, 1999). GS: 9ex (Mt. Wangbangsan, Mt. Cheonmasan, Mt. Cheongkyesan, Mt. Myeongjisan: vi.1977-1989). CB: 8ex (Mt. Minjujisan: vi.2000). CN: 1ex (Mt. Gyeryongsan: vi.1997). GB: 4ex (Mt. Cheongryangsan, Mt. Juwangsan, Mt. Gayasan: iv-viii.1989- 1996). GN: 14ex (Mt. Jirisan: vi.1977-1998). [EWU] GG: 1ex (Mt. Soyosan: 31.v.1978); 1ex(Daeseong- ri: 7.vi.1975); 1ex (Gongsun yeongneung: 9.vi.1974); 1ex (Bigeum valley: 9.vi.1984); 1ex (Jogok: 28.v. 1988). GB: 1ex (Mt. Sobaeksan: 29.vii.1983). [HNHM - NK] YG: 3ex (Mt. Baekdusan: 18-19.vii.1977). YG: 2ex (Samjiyeon: 27.vii.1975). YG: 2ex (Hyesan: 22.vii.1975). MONTHLY COLLECTION: South Korean 134 specimens →iv-ix (iv- 2, v- 10, vi- 87, vii- 21, viii- 7, ix- 8 specimens). REMARKS: Examined specimens above were identified using earlier identification methods. Therefore, it is possible that some data from different species are mixed in.

107. Serica lutea Kim and Kim, 2003 Hwang-saeg-u-dan-pung-deng-i (황색우단풍뎅이)

Serica lutea Kim and Kim, 2003: 75 (Hwang-saeg-U-D-P-D-I). Trichoserica boops Waterhouse, 1875: 101 (Japan) (misidentified); Kim and Lee, 1991f: 53. TYPE LOCALITY: Korea.

Body elongate oval, shiny, yellow, elytra yellowish brown to light brown. Clypeus shiny, yellow; with fine, scattered punctures bearing setae. Vertex black, with fine, scattered punctures bearing setae. Eyes very large, two eye intervals less than 2 times an eye diameter. Antennae yellowish brown, with 9 antennomeres; 3 antennomere club 2 times length of stalk in males, shorter than stalk in females. Pronotum with fine, scattered punctures bearing setae. Scutellum elongate trian- gular; with fine, dense punctures bearing setae. Elytra shiny, with punctures bearing semireclined setae; punctures irregularly scattered in striae. Hind Legs: femora with scattered punctures and some setae; tibiae longitudinally wrinkled, with setae; spurs thick but short. Abdominal sternites not shiny; covered with short, fine setae mixed with thicker setae. Pygidium triangular, convex median, velvety without luster, covered with dense setae. Ad: Basal piece very large, thick, nearly triangular with narrowed base. Median piece thick, triangular; asymmetrical apex with large, flat right lobe; small, elongate toward left in left lobe. BL: 6-9.5 mm. BW: 3-5 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Korea. KOREA: Central Korea. KOREAN RECORDS: GG Temp. Bogwangsa Byukje, Mt. Surisan. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (2 types): GG: 1♂[Temp. Bokwangsa: 29.v.1975(holotype)]; 1♀[Mt. Surisan: 18.vi.1978 (paratype)]. Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Sericinae 199

108. Serica septentrionalis Murayama, 1935 (Pls. 9-93, 16-93, 22-93) Cham-u-dan-pung-deng-i (참우단풍뎅이)

Serica septentrionalis Murayama, 1935: 7; Murayama, 1937a: 33; 1938a: 9; 1954: 29; Sawada, 1937a: 9; Miwa and Chûjô, 1939: 45; Cho, 1957: 295; 1969: 650 (Cham-U-D-P-D-I); Stebnicka, 1980: 206; Kim, 2001b: 64; Löbl and Smetana, 2006: 245. Trichoserica septentrionalis: Kim and Lee, 1991f: 53; ESK and KSAE, 1994: 152. TYPE LOCALITY: Korea (HB- Hapsu).

Body short oval, blackish brown to yellowish brown; partially covered with fine, dense setae. Clypeus shiny, dark brown; with dense, very rough punctures bearing fine setae. Frons black, with punctures bearing setae. Antennae dark brown, with 9 antennomeres; 3 antennomere club curved median, with length 2 times length of stalk. Pronotum velvety, with small, shallow punctures bearing setae. Scutellum enlarged, tongue-like; with small, shallow, setose punctures laterally. Elytra: interstices darker, very convex, covered with setae; striae with shallow, dense punctures; lateral margins with robust setae. Metatibiae longitudinally wrinkled, with some marginal spines, with saw blade liked ventral margin. Abdominal sternites with dense punctures. Ad: Median piece asymmetrical, without median line. Parameres asymmetrical with small, semi-circular left lobe; right lobe with large, median, sharply curved apex. BL: 7-8 mm. BW: 4-4.5 mm.

DISTRIBUTION: Korea proper. KOREA: North Korea. KOREAN RECORDS: HB- 1♂1♀ (Hapsu: 20.vii.1934); 1♂ (Beokgyesu: 16.vii.1934), (by Murayama, 1954). SPECIMEN EXAMINED: None.

109. Serica hirsuta Kim and Kim, 2003 (Pls. 9-94, 16-94, 22-94) Gin-teul-u-dan-pung-deng-i (긴털우단풍뎅이)

Serica hirsuta Kim and Kim, 2003: 74 (Gin-teul-U-D-P-D-I); Löbl and Smetana, 206: 244. TYPE LOCALITY: Korea.

Body elongate oval, shiny, light yellowish to dark brown. Eyes large, with diameter less than 1/2 width of ocular interval. Clypeus yellow, shiny, with scattered punctures bearing fine setae, with apical margin weakly reflexed. Vertex dark, with some punctures bearing fine setae. Antennae yellowish brown, with 9 antennomeres; 3 antennomere club with length greater than 2 times that of stalk in males, approximately equal in length to stalk in females. Pronotum convex, narrowed apically; with fine, dense punctures bearing setae. Scutellum elongate triangular, with dense punctures bearing setae. Elytra shiny; striae with irregular, scattered punctures bearing semierect setae; interstitial punctures sparse. Metatibiae longitudinally wrinkled with setae, spurs thick, short. Abdominal sternites not shiny; covered with short, fine setae mixed with thicker setae. Pygidium triangular, convex medially, velvety without luster, covered with dense setae. Ad: Median piece short, divided asymmetrically at apex; right lobe large, flat; left lobe small, elongated 200 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti in left direction. Length ratio of left: right parameral lobes from median piece is 1:3. BL: 7.3-9.8 mm. BW: 3.8-5 mm. Fine Structure of Elytral Punctures and Diffraction Gratings: Kim and Kim (2003c).

DISTRIBUTION: Korea. KOREA: Central, South. KOREAN RECORD: See SPECIMEN EXAMINED. SPECIMEN EXAMINED (50 specimens): GW: 1♂1♀ (Mt. Bangdaesan Injae: 26.vi.1996, holotype); 4 ♀♀ (same: 24-25.vi.1996); 1♀ (Mt. Gachilbong Hongcheon: 22.iv.1984); 1♂ (Mt. Gariwangsan Jeongsun: 21.v.1998); 1♀ (Gangchon: 19.vi.1974). GG: 4♀ (Mt. Wangbangsan: 5.vi.1977); 1♀ (29.v. 1983); 1♀ (30.vi.1984). GB: 1♀ (Mt. Sobaeksan: 23.vii.1974); 2♂♂ (5-6.vi.1981); 1♂ (Mt. Juheulsan Munkyung: 24.v.1997). GN: 1♀ (Jinju: 4.vi.1986). JN: 2♂♂ (Piagol Mt. Jirisan: 19.vi.1982); 1♂3♀ ♀ (23.vi.1987); 1♂ (21.v.1998, paratypes above). GW: 1♂ (Mt. Chiaksan: 6.vi.1974). GG: 1♂1♀ (Mt. Yongmunsan: 28.v.1982); 1♂ (31.v.1986); 1♀ (Mt. Cheonmasan: 8.vi.1968); 1♂ (2.vi.1984); 2♂ ♂ (Mt. Wangbangsan: 2.vi.1985); 1♀ (Mt. Angmubong: 23.vi.1974); 1♀ (Temp. Bokwangsa: 12.vi. 1978); 1♂ (Mt. Dobongsan: 5.v.1994); 1♀ (Wu-i-dong: 19.vi.1982); 1♀ (Suwon: 15.v.1994). GB: 1♀ (Munkyeongsejae: 10.vii.1977); 1♀ (26.v.1996); 1♀ (Mt. Hwanghaksan: 4.vi.1978); 1♀ (Mt. Juwang- san: 5.iv.1989); 1♂ (Kyeongsan: 23.v.1989); 1♀ (Mt. Seondalsan Yungju: 29.vi.1998). JB: 1♂ (Muju- gucheondong: 9.vi.1972). JN: 1♀ (Mt. Jirisan: 24.vi.1986); 1♀ (16.vii.1984); 1♀ (Mt. Jokyesan: 22.vi.1987).

Serica Species Removes from the Korean Fauna

1. Serica boops Waterhouse, 1875 Gin-su-yeom-u-dan-p-d-i (긴수염우단풍뎅이)

Serica boops Waterhouse, 1875: 101 (Japan): Okamoto, 1924: 172 (Saishuto=Jejudo, 1♀); Cho, 1963: 217 (Geom-jeong-mu-nei-U-D-P-D-I); 1969: 649 (Gin-su-yeom-U-D-P-D-I), 8 others; Ophthalmoserica - Hoikusha, 1956: 99; Trichoserica - Kim and Lee, 1991f: 53 → Murayama (1937a) already doubtful of Okamoto’s report, and no specimens from Korea have been seen.

2. Serica brunnea (Linné, 1758) Ddak-bu-ri-u-dan-p-d-i (딱부리우단풍뎅이)

Scarabaeus brunnea Linné, 1758: 352: Serica - Murayama, 1938: 9; 1941: 18; 1954: 30; Kim and Nam, 1982a: 154 (Ddak-bu-ri-U-D-P-D-I), and four others →refer to Nipponoserica opacicarina.

3. Serica formosana Moser, 1915 Dae-man-u-dan-p-d-i (대만우단풍뎅이)

Serica formosana Moser, 1915: 338 (Taiwan): Kinoshita and Niijima, 1923: 238(distribution table); ESK Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae: Sericinae 201

and KSAE (1994: Dae-man-U-D-P-D-I) →error in the preparation of the distribution table.

4. Serica sawadai Nomura, 1959

Ophthalmoserica sawadai Nomura, 1959: 46 (Taiwan): Nam and Kim, 1982: 129 (Mt. Jirisan) → citation error. 202

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Plates

Plate 1-9 : Habitus (dorsal and lateral view) Plate 10-16 : Head and Prothorax (dorsal view) Plate 17-22 : Male Aedeagus (dorsal, lateral and ventral view)

Plate 1 1. Valgus koreanus Sawada (♂, ♀) 2. Nipponovalgus angusticollis (Waterhouse) (♂) 3. Osmoderma opicum Lewis (♀) 4. Gnorimus subopacus Motschulsky 5. Trichius succinctus (Pallas) 6. Dicranocephalus adamsi Pascoe (♂, ♀) 7. Rhomborrhina polita Waterhouse 8. Pseudotorynorrhina japonica (Hope) 9. Cetonia pilifera pilifera (Motschulsky) 9a. Cetonia pilifera magnifica Ballion 10. Protaetia lugubris (Herbst) 11. Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis (Kolbe)

Plate 2 11. Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis (Kolbe) 12. Protaetia famelica scheini (Miksˇic´) 13. Protaetia mandschuriensis (Schürhoff) 14. Protaetia orientalis submarmorea (Burmeister) 15. Anthracophora rusticola Burmister 16. Glycyphana fulvistemma Motschulsky 17. Gametis jucunda (Faldermann) 18. Clinterocera obsoleta (Fairmaire) 19. Adoretus tenuimaculatus Waterhouse 20. Adoretus hirsutus Ohaus

Plate 3 21. Parastasia ferrieri Nonfried 22. Popillia flavosellata Fairmaire 23. Popillia mutans Newman 24. Popillia quadriguttata (Fabricius) 25. Popillia formosana Arrow 26. Proagopertha lucidula (Faldermann) 27. Phyllopertha diversa Waterhouse (♂, ♂, ♀) 28. Mimela fusania Bates 29. Mimela splendens (Gyllenhal) 30. Mimela holosericea (Fabricius) Plates 215

Plate 4 31. Mimela testaceipes (Motschulsky) 32. Spilota plagiicollis (Fairmaire) 33. Blitopertha conspurcata (Harold) (♂, ♀) 34. Blitopertha pallidipennis Reitter (♂, ♂, ♂, ♀) 35. Blitopertha orientalis (Waterhouse) (♂, ♀) 36. Anomala sieversi Heyden 37. Anomala albopilosa Hope 38. Anomala japonica Arrow

Plate 5 39. Anomala mongolica (Faldermann) 40. Anomala chamaeleon Fairmaire 41. Anomala rufocuprea Motschulsky 42. Anomala koreana Kim 43. Anomala luculenta Erichson 44. Anomala corpulenta Motschulsky 45. Bifurcanomala aulax (Wiedemann) 46. Chejuanomala quelparta (Okamoto) 47. Allomyrina dichotoma (Linné) (♂, ♀) 48. Eophileurus chinensis (Faldermann) (♂)

Plate 6 48. Eophileurus chinensis (Faldermann) (♀) 49. Pentodon quadridens (Gebler) 50. Ectinohoplia rufipes (Motschulsky) 51. Hoplia (Euchromoplia) aureola (Pallas) 52. Apogonia cribricollis Burmeister 53. Apogonia cupreoviridis Kolbe 54. Brahmina rubetra faldermanni (Murayama) 55. Lasiopsis sahlbergi (Mannerheim) 56. Pseudosymmchia impressifrons (Fairmaire) 57. Sophrops heydeni (Brenske) 58. Sophrops striata (Brenske) 59. Holotrichia niponensis (Lewis) 60. Holotrichia parallela (Motschulsky)

Plate 7 60. Holotrichia parallela (Motschulsky) 61. Holotrichia koraiensis Murayama 62. Holotrichia picea (Waterhouse) 63. Holotrichia ernesti Reitter 64. Holotrichia diomphalia (Bates) 65. Holotrichia oblita (Faldermann) 66. Holotrichia reticulata Murayama 67. Heptophylla picea Motschulsky 216 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

68. Hilyotrogus bicoloreus (Heyden) 69. Polyphylla laticollis manchurica Semenov (♂, ♀) 70. Melolontha incana (Motschulsky) (♂, ♀) 71. Melolontha insulana (Moser) (♂, ♀)

Plate 8 72. Gastroserica herzi (Heyden) 73. Maladera holosericea (Scopoli) 74. Maladera verticalis (Fairmaire) 75. Maladera castanea koreana Kim and Kim 76. Maladera ovatula (Fairmaire) 77. Maladera aureola (Murayama) 78. Maladera renardi (Ballion) 79. Maladera schoenfeldti (Murayama) 80. Maladera gibbiventris (Brenske) 81. Maladera infuscata (Moser) 82. Maladera fusania (Murayama) 83. Maladera opaciventris (Moser) 84. Maladera orientalis (Motschulsky)

Plate 9 85. Maladera cariniceps (Moser) 86. Sericania fuscolineata Motschulsky (♂, ♀) 87. Sericania latisulcata Murayama 88. Sericania koryoensis Murayama 89. Sericania yamauchii Sawada 90. Nipponoserica elliptica (Murayama) 91. Nipponoserica koltzei (Reitter) 92. Serica fulvopubens (Reitter) (♂, ♀) 93. Serica septentrionalis Murayama 94. Serica hirsuta Kim and Kim

Plate 10 1. Valgus koreanus Sawada (♂, ♀) 2. Nipponovalgus angusticollis (Waterhouse) (♂) 3. Osmoderma opicum Lewis (♀) 4. Gnorimus subopacus Motschulsky 5. Trichius succinctus (Pallas) 6. Dicranocephalus adamsi Pascoe (♂, ♀) 7. Rhomborrhina polita Waterhouse 8. Pseudotorynorrhina japonica (Hope) 9. Cetonia pilifera pilifera (Motschulsky) 9a. Cetonia pilifera magnifica Ballion 10. Protaetia lugubris (Herbst) 11. Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis (Kolbe) 12. Protaetia famelica scheini (Miksˇic´) Plates 217

13. Protaetia mandschuriensis (Schürhoff)

Plate 11 14. Protaetia orientalis submarmorea (Burmeister) 15. Anthracophora rusticola Burmister 16. Glycyphana fulvistemma Motschulsky 17. Gametis jucunda (Faldermann) 18. Clinterocera obsoleta (Fairmaire) 19. Adoretus tenuimaculatus Waterhouse 20. Adoretus hirsutus Ohaus 21. Parastasia ferrieri Nonfried 22. Popillia flavosellata Fairmaire 23. Popillia mutans Newman 24. Popillia quadriguttata (Fabricius) 25. Popillia formosana Arrow 26. Proagopertha lucidula (Faldermann) 27. Phyllopertha diversa Waterhouse (♂, ♀)

Plate 12 27. Phyllopertha diversa Waterhouse (♀) 28. Mimela fusania Bates 29. Mimela splendens (Gyllenhal) 30. Mimela holosericea (Fabricius) 31. Mimela testaceipes (Motschulsky) 32. Spilota plagiicollis (Fairmaire) 33. Blitopertha conspurcata (Harold) (♂, ♀) 34. Blitopertha pallidipennis Reitter (♂, ♂, ♂, ♀) 35. Blitopertha orientalis (Waterhouse) (♂, ♀) 36. Anomala sieversi Heyden 37. Anomala albopilosa Hope

Plate 13 38. Anomala japonica Arrow 39. Anomala mongolica (Faldermann) 40. Anomala chamaeleon Fairmaire 41. Anomala rufocuprea Motschulsky 42. Anomala koreana Kim 43. Anomala luculenta Erichson 44. Anomala corpulenta Motschulsky 45. Bifurcanomala aulax (Wiedemann) 46. Chejuanomala quelparta (Okamoto) 47. Allomyrina dichotoma (Linné) (♂, ♀) 48. Eophileurus chinensis (Faldermann) (♂, ♀) 49. Pentodon quadridens (Gebler) 50. Ectinohoplia rufipes (Motschulsky) 218 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Plate 14 51. Hoplia (Euchromoplia) aureola (Pallas) 52. Apogonia cribricollis Burmeister 53. Apogonia cupreoviridis Kolbe 54. Brahmina rubetra faldermanni (Murayama) 55. Lasiopsis sahlbergi (Mannerheim) 56. Pseudosymmchia impressifrons (Fairmaire) 57. Sophrops heydeni (Brenske) 58. Sophrops striata (Brenske) 59. Holotrichia niponensis (Lewis) 60. Holotrichia parallela (Motschulsky) 60. Holotrichia parallela (Motschulsky) 61. Holotrichia koraiensis Murayama 62. Holotrichia picea (Waterhouse) 63. Holotrichia ernesti Reitter 64. Holotrichia diomphalia (Bates) 65. Holotrichia oblita (Faldermann) 66. Holotrichia reticulata Murayama 67. Heptophylla picea Motschulsky 68. Hilyotrogus bicoloreus (Heyden)

Plate 15 69. Polyphylla laticollis manchurica Semenov (♂, ♀) 70. Melolontha incana (Motschulsky) (♂, ♀) 71. Melolontha insulana (Moser) (♂, ♀) 72. Gastroserica herzi (Heyden) 73. Maladera holosericea (Scopoli) 74. Maladera verticalis (Fairmaire) 75. Maladera castanea koreana Kim and Kim 76. Maladera ovatula (Fairmaire) 77. Maladera aureola (Murayama) 78. Maladera renardi (Ballion) 79. Maladera schoenfeldti (Murayama) 80. Maladera gibbiventris (Brenske) 81. Maladera infuscata (Moser) 82. Maladera fusania (Murayama) 83. Maladera opaciventris (Moser)

Plate 16 84. Maladera orientalis (Motschulsky) 85. Maladera cariniceps (Moser) 86. Sericania fuscolineata Motschulsky (♂, ♀) 87. Sericania latisulcata Murayama 88. Sericania koryoensis Murayama 89. Sericania yamauchii Sawada 90. Nipponoserica elliptica (Murayama) Plates 219

91. Nipponoserica koltzei (Reitter) 92. Serica fulvopubens (Reitter) (♂, ♀) 93. Serica septentrionalis Murayama 94. Serica hirsuta Kim and Kim

Plate 17 1. Valgus koreanus Sawada 2. Nipponovalgus angusticollis (Waterhouse) 4. Gnorimus subopacus Motschulsky 5. Trichius succinctus (Pallas) 6. Dicranocephalus adamsi Pascoe 7. Rhomborrhina polita Waterhouse 8. Pseudotorynorrhina japonica (Hope) 9. Cetonia pilifera pilifera (Motschulsky) 9a. Cetonia pilifera magnifica Ballion 10. Protaetia lugubris (Herbst) 11. Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis (Kolbe) 12. Protaetia famelica scheini (Miksˇic´) 13. Protaetia mandschuriensis (Schürhoff) 14. Protaetia orientalis submarmorea (Burmeister) 15. Anthracophora rusticola Burmister 16. Glycyphana fulvistemma Motschulsky 17. Gametis jucunda (Faldermann) 18. Clinterocera obsoleta (Fairmaire) 19. Adoretus tenuimaculatus Waterhouse 20. Adoretus hirsutus Ohaus

Plate 18 21. Parastasia ferrieri Nonfried 22. Popillia flavosellata Fairmaire 23. Popillia mutans Newman 24. Popillia quadriguttata (Fabricius) 25. Popillia formosana Arrow 26. Proagopertha lucidula (Faldermann) 27. Phyllopertha diversa Waterhouse 28. Mimela fusania Bates 29. Mimela splendens (Gyllenhal) 30. Mimela holosericea (Fabricius) 31. Mimela testaceipes (Motschulsky) 32. Spilota plagiicollis (Fairmaire) 33. Blitopertha conspurcata (Harold) 34. Blitopertha pallidipennis Reitter 35. Blitopertha orientalis (Waterhouse) 36. Anomala sieversi Heyden 37. Anomala albopilosa Hope 38. Anomala japonica Arrow 220 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Plate 19 39. Anomala mongolica (Faldermann) 40. Anomala chamaeleon Fairmaire 41. Anomala rufocuprea Motschulsky 42. Anomala koreana Kim 43. Anomala luculenta Erichson 44. Anomala corpulenta Motschulsky 45. Bifurcanomala aulax (Wiedemann) 46. Chejuanomala quelparta (Okamoto) 47. Allomyrina dichotoma (Linné) 48. Eophileurus chinensis (Faldermann) 49. Pentodon quadridens (Gebler) 50. Ectinohoplia rufipes (Motschulsky) 51. Hoplia (Euchromoplia) aureola (Pallas) 52. Apogonia cribricollis Burmeister 53. Apogonia cupreoviridis Kolbe

Plate 20 54. Brahmina rubetra faldermanni (Murayama) 55. Lasiopsis sahlbergi (Mannerheim) 56. Pseudosymmchia impressifrons (Fairmaire) 57. Sophrops heydeni (Brenske) 58. Sophrops striata (Brenske) 59. Holotrichia niponensis (Lewis) 60. Holotrichia parallela (Motschulsky) 60. Holotrichia parallela (Motschulsky) 61. Holotrichia koraiensis Murayama 62. Holotrichia picea (Waterhouse) 63. Holotrichia ernesti Reitter 64. Holotrichia diomphalia (Bates) 66. Holotrichia reticulata Murayama 67. Heptophylla picea Motschulsky 68. Hilyotrogus bicoloreus (Heyden) 69. Polyphylla laticollis manchurica Semenov

Plate 21 70. Melolontha incana (Motschulsky) 71. Melolontha insulana (Moser) 72. Gastroserica herzi (Heyden) 73. Maladera holosericea (Scopoli) 74. Maladera verticalis (Fairmaire) 75. Maladera castanea koreana Kim and Kim 76. Maladera ovatula (Fairmaire) 78. Maladera renardi (Ballion) 79. Maladera schoenfeldti (Murayama) 80. Maladera gibbiventris (Brenske) Plates 221

81. Maladera infuscata (Moser) 82. Maladera fusania (Murayama) 83. Maladera opaciventris (Moser) 84. Maladera orientalis (Motschulsky) 85. Maladera cariniceps (Moser)

Plate 22 86. Sericania fuscolineata Motschulsky 87. Sericania latisulcata Murayama 88. Sericania koryoensis Murayama 89. Sericania yamauchii Sawada 90. Nipponoserica elliptica (Murayama) 91. Nipponoserica koltzei (Reitter) 92. Serica fulvopubens (Reitter) 93. Serica septentrionalis Murayama 94. Serica hirsuta Kim and Kim 222 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Plate 1

1♂ 1♀ 25

3♀ 46♂

6♀ 78

899a

9a 10 11 Plates 223

Plate 2

11 12 12

13 14 14

15 16 17

17 17 17

18 19 20 224 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Plate 3

21 22 22

23 24 25

26 27♂ 27♀

27♀ 28 28

29 30 30 Plates 225

Plate 4

31 31 32

33♂ 33♀ 34♂

34♂ 34♂ 34♀

35♂ 35♀ 36

36 37 38 226 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Plate 5

39 40 40

41 42 42

43 43 44

45 45 46

47♂ 47♀ 48♂ Plates 227

Plate 6

48♀ 50 50 50

49 51 51

52 53 54

55 56 57

58 59 60 228 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Plate 7

60 61 62

63 64 65

66 67 68

69♂ 69♀ 70♂

70♀ 71♂ 71♀ Plates 229

Plate 8

72 72 72

73 74 75

76 77 78

79 80 81

82 83 84 230 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Plate 9

85 86♂ 86♀

87♂ 88 88

89 90 91

92♂ 92♀ 93

94 Plates 231

Plate 10

1♂ 1♀ 23♀

456♂ 6♀

7889

9a 9a 10 11

11 12 12 13 232 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Plate 11

14 14 15 16

17 17 17 17

18 19 20 21

22 22 23 24

25 26 27♂ 27♀ Plates 233

Plate 12

27♀ 28 28 29

30 30 31 31

32 33♂ 33♀ 34♂

34♂ 34♂ 34♀ 35♂

35♀ 36 36 37 234 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Plate 13

38 39 40 40

41 42 43 43

44 45 45 46

47♂ 47♀ 48♂ 48♀

49 50 50 50 Plates 235

Plate 14

51 51 52 53

54 55 56 57

58 59 60 60

61 62 63 64

65 66 67 68 236 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Plate 15

69♂ 69♀ 70♂ 70♀

71♂ 71♀ 72 72

72 73 74 75

76 77 78 79

80 81 82 83 Plates 237

Plate 16

84 85 86♂ 86♀

87♂ 88♂ 88 89

90 91 92♂ 92♀

93 94 238 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Plate 17

124

567

8910

11 12 13

14 15 16

17 18 19 20 Plates 239

Plate 18

21 22 23

24 25 26

27 28 29

30 31 32

33 34 35

36 37 38 240 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Plate 19

39 40 41

42 43 44

45 46 47

48 49 50

51 52 53 Plates 241

Plate 20

54 55 56

57 58 59

60 61 62

63 64 66

67 68 69 242 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Plate 21

70 71 72

73 74 75

76 78 79

80 81 82

83 84 85 Plates 243

Plate 22

86 87 88

89 90 91

92 93 94 244

Index to Korean Names

ㄱ ㄴ

갈색우단풍뎅이 197 남방콩풍뎅이 74 갈색줄풍뎅이속 141 넓은줄우단풍뎅이 190 감자풍뎅이 131 넓적꽃무지 30 감자풍뎅이속 130 넓적꽃무지속 30 개미집살이꽃무지족 59 넓적꽃무지아과 28 검정꽃무지 55 녹색장발풍뎅이 79 검정꽃무지속 55 녹색콩풍뎅이 72 검정다색풍뎅이족 129 검정풍뎅이과 121 검정풍뎅이속 144 ㄷ 검정풍뎅이아과 128 검정풍이 41 다르키스홍다색풍뎅이 135 검정풍이속 41 다색우단풍뎅이속 188 고려노랑풍뎅이 139 다색줄풍뎅이 108 고려노랑풍뎅이속 138 다색풍뎅이속 77 고려다색풍뎅이 149 대마도줄풍뎅이 98 곤충강 25 둥글장수풍뎅이 120 광릉다색우단풍뎅이 191 둥글장수풍뎅이속 120 구리풍뎅이 111 둥글장수풍뎅이족 119 그을음빛우단풍뎅이 180 등노랑풍뎅이 89 금색우단풍뎅이 176 등노랑풍뎅이속 88 금줄풍뎅이 84 등얼룩풍뎅이 94 금줄풍뎅이속 80 딱정벌레목 25 긴다리풍뎅이속 125 긴다리풍뎅이아과 122 긴다리호랑꽃무지 34 긴다리호랑꽃무지속 34 ㄹ 긴다색풍뎅이 156 긴다색풍뎅이속 156 레나아드우단풍뎅이 176 긴털우단풍뎅이 199 꼬마검정풍뎅이 150 꼬마붙이검정풍뎅이 150 ㅁ 꼬마왕풍뎅이 163 꼬마청동줄풍뎅이 106 만주점박이꽃무지 51 꽃무지 45 만주털보갈색풍뎅이 138 꽃무지과 27 매끈한점박이꽃무지 47 꽃무지속 44 몽고청동풍뎅이 101 꽃무지아과 37 무테날개우단풍뎅이 195 꽃무지족 43 Index to Korean Names 245

ㅂ 외뿔장수풍뎅이 118 외뿔장수풍뎅이속 118 밤색풍뎅이 141 외뿔장수풍뎅이족 118 밤색풍뎅이속 140 우단풍뎅이속 196 별줄풍뎅이 85 우단풍뎅이아과 164 부산우단풍뎅이 181 우리밤색우단풍뎅이 173 부산풍뎅이 81 우리북경줄풍뎅이 87 부치참오리나무풍뎅이 110 북방홍다색풍뎅이 134 북한검정풍뎅이 153 ㅈ 빨간색우단풍뎅이 172 자색호랑꽃무지속 32 잔감자풍뎅이 130 ㅅ 장발풍뎅이속 76 장수붙이풍뎅이 66 사슴풍뎅이 39 장수붙이풍뎅이속 66 사슴풍뎅이속 39 장수풍뎅이 117 사슴풍뎅이족 39 장수풍뎅이과 115 사흘베르그털보갈색풍뎅이 137 장수풍뎅이속 116 상기문류 26 장수풍뎅이족 116 쇠털차색풍뎅이 64 점박이긴다리풍뎅이 125 수염풍뎅이 160 점박이꽃무지 51 수염풍뎅이속 160 점박이꽃무지속 46 스웬휄드트우단풍뎅이 178 제주그물눈검정풍뎅이 154 쌍색풍뎅이 157 제주풍뎅이 115 쌍색풍뎅이속 157 제주풍뎅이속 114 조롱박우단풍뎅이 194 조롱박우단풍뎅이속 193 ㅇ 주둥무늬차색풍뎅이 63 주름배우단풍뎅이 179 아래검은우단풍뎅이 182 주황긴다리풍뎅이 123 아무르점박이꽃무지 50 주황긴다리풍뎅이속 123 알락풍뎅이 53 줄우단풍뎅이 166 알락풍뎅이속 53 줄우단풍뎅이속 166 알모양우단풍뎅이 185 줄풍뎅이아족 75 애벗나무풍뎅이 103 애우단풍뎅이 183 애우단풍뎅이속 168 ㅊ 어깨무늬풍뎅이 91 연노랑풍뎅이 92 차색우단풍뎅이 174 연노랑풍뎅이속 90 차색풍뎅이속 62 연다색풍뎅이 78 차색풍뎅이족 62 오리나무풍뎅이 105 참검정풍뎅이 151 왕풍뎅이 161 참나무장발풍뎅이 76 왕풍뎅이속 161 참넓적꽃무지 29 왕풍뎅이족 159 참넓적꽃무지속 29 246 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

참오리나무풍뎅이 107 풍뎅이과 61 참우단풍뎅이 199 풍뎅이상과 25 참줄풍뎅이 110 풍뎅이족 66 참콩풍뎅이 69 풍이 42 참풍뎅이족 67 풍이속 41 청동풍뎅이 99 풍이족 40 청동풍뎅이속 95

ㅎ ㅋ 하세가와다색우단풍뎅이 192 카메레온줄풍뎅이 103 하이덴갈색줄풍뎅이 142 콩풍뎅이 71 한국우단풍뎅이 171 콩풍뎅이속 68 해변청동풍뎅이 100 콩풍뎅이아족 68 호랑꽃무지 35 큰검정풍뎅이 147 호랑꽃무지속 35 큰금줄풍뎅이 87 호랑꽃무지아과 31 큰다색풍뎅이 146 홀쭉꽃무지 59 큰자색호랑꽃무지 33 홀쭉꽃무지속 59 홀쭉우단풍뎅이 170 홈줄풍뎅이 113 ㅌ 홈줄풍뎅이속 113 홍다색풍뎅이 133 털보갈색풍뎅이속 136 활더맨홍다색풍뎅이 134 황갈색줄풍뎅이 143 황색우단풍뎅이 198 ㅍ 회색우단풍뎅이 168 회색우단풍뎅이속 167 풀색꽃무지 57 흑다색우단풍뎅이 188 풀색꽃무지속 56 흥남긴다리풍뎅이 126 풍뎅이 82 흰점박이꽃무지 48 247

Index to Korean Names as Pronounced

A D

A-mu-reu-jeom-bak-i-kkot-mu-ji 50 Da-reu-ki-seu-hong-da-saeg-pung-deng-i 135 A-rae-geom-eun-u-dan-pung-deng-i 182 Da-saeg-jul-pung-deng-i 108 Ae-but-na-mu-pung-deng-i 103 Da-saeg-pung-deng-i-sog 77 Ae-u-dan-pung-deng-i-sog 168 Da-saeg-u-dan-pung-deng-i-sog 188 Ae-u-dan-pung-deng-i 183 Dae-ma-do-jul-pung-deng-i 98 Al-lag-pung-deng-i-sog 53 Ddak-jeong-beol-re-mok 25 Al-lag-pung-deng-i 53 Deung-aeol-lug-pung-deng-i 94 Al-mo-yang-u-dan-pung-deng-i 185 Deung-no-rang-pung-deng-i-sog 88 Deung-no-rang-pung-deng-i 89 Dung-geul-jang-su-pung-deng-i-jog 119 B Dung-geul-jang-su-pung-deng-i-sog 120 Dung-geul-jang-su-pung-deng-i 120 Bam-saeg-pung-deng-i-sog 140 Bam-saeg-pung-deng-i 141 Bbal-gan-u-dan-pung-deng-i 172 E Bu-chi-cham-o-ri-na-mu-pung-deng-i 110 Bu-san-u-dan-pung-deng-i 181 Eo-ggae-mu-neui-pung-deng-i 91 Bu-san-pung-deng-i 81 Buk-bang-hong-da-saeg-pung-deng-i 134 Buk-han-geom-jeong-pung-deng-i 153 G Byeol-jul-pung-deng-i 85 Gae-mi-jip-sal-i-ggot-mu-ji-jog 59 Gal-saeg-jul-pung-deng-i-sog 141 C Gal-saek-u-dan-pung-deng-i 197 Gam-ja-pung-deng-i-sog 130 Cha-sae-pung-deng-i-jog 62 Gam-ja-pung-deng-i 131 Cha-saeg-pung-deng-i-sog 62 Geom-jeong-da-saeg-pung-deng-i-jog 129 Cha-saeg-u-dan-pung-deng-i 174 Geom-jeong-ggot-mu-ji-sog 55 Cham-geom-jeong-pung-deng-i 151 Geom-jeong-ggot-mu-ji 55 Cham-jul-pung-deng-i 110 Geom-jeong-pung-deng-i-a-gwa 128 Cham-kong-pung-deng-i 69 Geom-jeong-pung-deng-i-gwa 121 Cham-na-mu-jang-bal-pung-deng-i 76 Geom-jeong-pung-deng-i-sog 144 Cham-nup-jeok-ggot-mu-ji-sog 29 Geom-jeong-pung-i-sog 41 Cham-nup-jeok-ggot-mu-ji 29 Geom-jeong-pung-i 41 Cham-o-ri-na-mu-pung-deng-i 107 Geu-eeul-eeum-bit-u-dan-pung-deng-i 180 Cham-pung-deng-i-jog 67 Geum-jul-pung-deng-i-sog 80 Cham-u-dan-pung-deng-i 199 Geum-jul-pung-deng-i 84 Cheong-dong-pung-deng-i-sog 95 Geum-saeg-u-dan-pung-deng-i 176 Cheong-dong-pung-deng-i 99 Ggo-ma-but-chi-geom-jeong-pung-deng-i 150 Ggo-ma-cheong-dong-jul-pung-deng-i 106 248 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Ggo-ma-geom-jeong-pung-deng-i 150 J Ggo-ma-wang-pung-deng-i 163 Ggot-mu-ji-a-gwa 37 Ja-saeg-ho-rang-ggot-mu-ji 32 Ggot-mu-ji-gwa 27 Jan-gam-ja-pung-deng-i 130 Ggot-mu-ji-jog 43 Jang-bal-pung-deng-i-sog 76 Ggot-mu-ji-sog 44 Jang-su-but-chi-pung-deng-i-sog 66 Ggot-mu-ji 45 Jang-su-but-chi-pung-deng-i 66 Gin-da-ri-ho-rang-ggot-mu-ji-sog 34 Jang-su-pung-deng-i-gwa 115 Gin-da-ri-ho-rang-ggot-mu-ji 34 Jang-su-pung-deng-i-jog 116 Gin-da-ri-pung-deng-i-a-gwa 122 Jang-su-pung-deng-i-sog 116 Gin-da-ri-pung-deng-i 125 Jang-su-pung-deng-i 117 Gin-da-saeg-pung-deng-i-sog 156 Je-ju-geu-meul-nun-geom-jeong-pung-deng-i Gin-da-saeg-pung-deng-i 156 154 Gin-teul-u-dan-pung-deng-i 199 Je-ju-pung-deng-i-sog 114 Go-ryeo-da-saeg-pung-deng-i 149 Je-ju-pung-deng-i 115 Go-ryeo-no-rang-pung-deng-i-sog 138 Jeom-ba-gi-ggot-mu-ji 46 Go-ryeo-no-rang-pung-deng-i 139 Jeom-ba-gi-gin-da-ri-pung-deng-i 125 Gon-chung-gang 25 Jeom-bak-i-kkot-mu-ji 51 Gu-ri-pung-deng-i 111 Jo-rong-bag-u-dan-pung-deng-i-sog 193 Gwang-reung-da-saeg-u-dan-pung-deng-i 191 Jo-rong-bag-u-dan-pung-deng-i 194 Ju-dung-mu-nui-cha-saeg-pung-deng-i 63 Ju-hwang-gin-da-ri-pung-deng-i-sog 123 H Ju-hwang-gin-da-ri-pung-deng-i 123 Ju-reum-bae-u-dan-pung-deng-i 179 Ha-i-den-gal-saeg-jul-pung-deng-i 142 Jul-pung-deng-i-a-jog 75 Ha-se-ga-wa-da-saeg-u-dan-pung-deng-i 192 Jul-u-dan-pung-deng-i-sog 166 Hae-byeon-cheong-dong-pung-deng-i 100 Jul-u-dan-pung-deng-i 166 Han-guk-u-dan-pung-deng-i 171 Heuk-da-saeg-u-dan-pung-deng-i 188 Heung-nam-gin-da-ri-pung-deng-i 126 K Ho-rang-ggot-mu-ji-a-gwa 31 Ho-rang-ggot-mu-ji-sog 35 Ka-mel-le-on-jul-pung-deng-i 103 Ho-rang-ggot-mu-ji 35 Keun-da-saeg-pung-deng-i 146 Hoe-saeg-u-dan-pung-deng-i-sog 167 Keun-geom-jeong-pung-deng-i 147 Hoe-saeg-u-dan-pung-deng-i 168 Keun-geum-jul-pung-deng-i 87 Hol-jjuk-ggot-mu-ji-sog 59 Keun-ja-saeg-ho-rang-ggot-mu-ji 33 Hol-jjuk-ggot-mu-ji 59 Kong-pung-deng-i-a-jog 68 Hol-jjuk-u-dan-pung-deng-i 170 Kong-pung-deng-i-sog 68 Hom-jul-pung-deng-i-sog 113 Kong-pung-deng-i 71 Hom-jul-pung-deng-i 113 Hong-da-saeg-pung-deng-i-sog 133 Huin-jeom-bak-i-kkot-mu-ji 48 M Hwal-deo-maen-hong-da-saeg-pung-deng-i Mae-kkeun-han-jeom-bak-i-kkot-mu-ji 47 134 Man-ju-jeom-bak-i-kkot-mu-ji 51 Hwang-gal-saeg-jul-pung-deng-i 143 Man-ju-teol-bo-gal-saeg-pung-deng-i 138 Hwang-saeg-u-dan-pung-deng-i 198 Mong-go-cheong-dong-pung-deng-i 101 Index to Korean Names as Pronounced 249

Mu-te-nal-gae-u-dan-pung-deng-i 195 137 Sa-seum-pung-deng-i-jog 39 Sa-seum-pung-deng-i-sog 39 N Sa-seum-pung-deng-i 39 Sang-gi-mun-ryu 26 Nam-bang-kong-pung-deng-i 74 Seu-wen-hwel-deu-teu-u-dan-pung-deng-i 178 Neol-beun-jul-da-saeg-u-dan-pung-deng-i 190 Soe-teol-cha-saeg-pung-deng-i 64 Nok-saeg-jang-bal-pung-deng-i 79 Ssang-saeg-pung-deng-i-sog 157 Nok-saeg-kong-pung-deng-i 72 Ssang-saeg-pung-deng-i 157 Nup-jeok-ggot-mu-ji-a-gwa 28 Su-yeom-pung-deng-i-sog 160 Nup-jeok-ggot-mu-ji-sog 30 Su-yeom-pung-deng-i 160 Nup-jeok-ggot-mu-ji 30

T O Teol-bo-gal-saeg-pung-deng-i-sog 136 O-ri-na-mu-pung-deng-i 105 Oe-bbul-jang-su-pung-deng-i-jog 118 Oe-bbul-jang-su-pung-deng-i-sog 118 U Oe-bbul-jang-su-pung-deng-i 118 U-dan-pung-deng-i-a-gwa 164 U-dan-pung-deng-i-sog 196 P U-ri-bam-saeg-u-dan-pung-deng-i 173 U-ri-buk-gyeong-jul-pung-deng-i 87 Pul-saeg-ggot-mu-ji-sog 56 Pul-saeg-ggot-mu-ji 57 Pung-deng-i-gwa 61 W Pung-deng-i-jog 66 Pung-deng-i-sang-gwa 25 Wang-pung-deng-i-jog 159 Pung-deng-i 82 Wang-pung-deng-i-sog 161 Pung-i-jog 40 Wang-pung-deng-i 161 Pung-i-sog 41 Pung-i 42 Y

R Yeon-da-saeg-pung-deng-i 78 Yeon-no-rang-pung-deng-i-sog 90 Re-na-a-deu-u-dan-pung-deng-i 176 Yeon-no-rang-pung-deng-i 92

S

Sa-heul-be-reu-geu-teol-bo-gal-saeg-pung-deng-i 250

Index to Scientific Names

A C

Adoretini 62 Callistethus 88 Adoretus 62 plagiicollis 89 hirsutus 64 Cetonia 44 tenuimaculatus 63 pilifera 45 Allomyrina 116 Cetoniidae 27 dichotoma 117 Cetoniinae 37 Anomala 95 Cetoniini 43 albopilosa 99 Chejuanomala 114 chamaeleon 103 quelparta 115 corpulenta 108 Clinterocera 59 cuprea 111 obsoleta 59 geniculata 103 Coleoptera 25 ignicolor 110 Coryphocerini 40 japonica 100 Cremastochilini 59 koreana 106 luculenta 107 mongolica101 D ogloblini 110 rufocuprea 105 Dicronocephalus 39 sieversi 98 adamsi 39 Anomalina 75 Dynastidae 115 Anomalini 67 Dynastini 116 Anthracophora 53 rusticola 53 Apogonia 130 E cribricollis 130 cupreoviridis 131 Ectinohoplia 123 rufipes 123 Eophileurus 118 B chinensis 118

Bifurcanomala 113 aulax 113 G Blitopertha 90 conspurcata 91 Gametis 56 orientalis 94 jucunda 57 pallidipennis 92 Gastroserica 166 Brahmina 133 herzi 166 darcis 135 Glycyphana 55 intermedia 134 fulvistemma 55 rubetra faldermanni 134 Gnorimus 34 Index to Scientific Names 251

subopacus 34 gibbiventris 179 holosericea 170 infuscata 180 H opaciventris 182 orientalis 183 Heptophylla 156 ovatula 174 picea 156 renardi 176 Hilyotrogus 157 schoenfeldti 178 bicoloreus 157 verticalis 172 Holotrichia 144 Melolontha 161 diomphalia 151 incana 161 ernesti 150 insulana 163 koraiensis 149 Melolonthidae 121 niponensis 146 Melolonthinae 128 oblita 153 Melolonthini 159 parallela 147 Mimela 80 picea 150 costata 87 reticulata 154 fusania 81 Hoplia 125 holosericea 84 (Decamera) djukini 126 pekinensis coreana 87 (Euchromoplia) aureola 125 splendens 82 Hopliinae 122 testaceipes 85 Miridiba 140 castanea 141 I

Insecta 25 N

Nipponoserica 193 L elliptica 194 opacicarina 195 Lasiopsis 136 Nipponovalgus 30 manchuricus 138 angusticollis 30 sahlbergi 137 Lasiotrichius 35 succinctus 35 O

Osmoderma 32 M opicum 33

Maladera 168 aureola 176 P cariniceps 185 castanea koreana 173 Paraserica 167 coreana 171 grisea 168 fusania 181 ferrieri 66 252 Insect Fauna of Korea·Pleurosticti

Parastasia 66 Rhomborrhina 41 Pentodon 120 polita 41 quadridens 120 Rutelidae 61 Pentodontini 119 Rutelini 66 Phaedimini 39 Phileurini 118 Phyllopertha 77 S diversa 78 horticola 79 Scarabaeoidea 25 Pleurosticti 26 Serica 196 Polyphylla 160 fulvopubens 197 laticollis manchurica 160 hirsuta 199 Popillia 68 lutea 198 flavosellata 69 septentrionalis 199 formosana 74 Sericania 188 mutans 71 fuscolineata 188 quadriguttata 72 koryoensis 191 Popillina 68 latisulcata 190 Proagopertha 76 yamauchii 192 lucidula 76 Sericinae 164 Protaetia 46 Sophrops 141 brevitarsis seulensis 48 heydeni 142 famelica scheini 50 striata 143 lugubris 47 mandschuriensis 51 orientalis submarmorea 51 T Pseudosymmchia 138 impressifrons 139 Trichiinae 31 Pseudotorynorrhina 41 japonica 42 V

R Valginae 28 Valgus 29 Rhizotrogini 129 koreanus 29 Russia

CB Chungcheongbuk-do CN Chungcheongnam-do HB GB Gyeongsangbuk-do China GG Gyeonggi-do YG GN Gyeongsangnam-do GW Gangwon-do HB Hamgyeongbuk-do JG HN Hamgyeongnam-do HWB Hwanghaebuk-do HN HWN Hwanghaenam-do PB JB Jeollabuk-do JG Jagang-do JJ Jeju-do JN Jeollanam-do PN PB Pyeonganbuk-do PN Pyeongannam-do YG Yanggang-do HWB HWN GW East Sea GG GB (Ulleung-do) Yellow Sea CB CN GB

JB GN JN

JJ South Sea Insect Fauna of Korea

Insect Fauna of Korea

Volume 12, Number 1 Arthropoda: Insecta: Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea Pleurosticti o.1, No. 1 Vol. 12, Pleurosticti

Flora and Fauna of Korea

National Institute of Biological Resources Ministry of Environment National Institute of Biological Resources NIBR Ministry of Environment