DOCSLIB.ORG

Thesis Death and the Family: Testing Andean Lineage

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Thesis Death and the Family: Testing Andean Lineage THESIS DEATH AND THE FAMILY: TESTING ANDEAN LINEAGE TOMBS THROUGH CRANIAL NON-METRICS Submitted by Sarah Frances Herrera Department of Anthropology In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the Degree of Master of Arts Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado Fall 2016 Master’s Committee: Advisor: Ann Magennis Co-advisor: Mary Van Buren Michael Lacy Copyright by Sarah Frances Herrera 2016 All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT DEATH AND THE FAMILY: TESTING ANDEAN LINEAGE TOMBS THROUGH CRANIAL NON-METRICS Historical records indicate that ancestor worship was practiced as part of ayllu social organization in the Inka empire during the Late Horizon and beginning of the Colonial Period (1440 A.D. - 1650 A.D.). This same set of beliefs and practices is often ascribed to the Late Intermediate Period (900 A.D. – 1440 A.D.) throughout the Andes by many researchers (Doyle 1988; Herrera 2003; Ibarra 2013; Isbell 1997; Mantha 2006; Martiarena 2014). It is important for the study of any site so far removed from the historical records to be cautious when using these documents for the interpretation of the archaeological record. The significance of this study is that little has been done using a bioarchaeological approach to test the assumption that ayllus and ancestor worship were present in the Conchucos region during the Late Intermediate Period. The site of Marcajirca is located on the ridge of a sacred ancestor mountain, Mt Llamoq, in North Central Peru. Although the site is a village, it has an especially large amount of mortuary architecture consisting of above ground tombs or chullpas, as well as caves, and underground structures that contain human remains. One way to infer ayllu organization and ancestor worship as well as validate the use of historical records for Marcajirca would be to identify affinity and kinship structure in collective burials in combination with material evidence that these burials were used for ancestor worship. Were the chullpas and caves at the Late Intermediate Site of Marcajirca reserved for family burials and ancestor worship? ii In order to test this, I attempted to determine if the people in one tomb were significantly different biologically from the people found in other tombs based on the relative prevalence of heritable non-metric traits. Twenty four non-metric traits on 106 crania from 15 different tombs were scored. The frequencies of these non-metric traits were used to calculate the mean measure of divergence to produce a numerical summary of the biological distance between groups of skeletal remains. There were a few noticeable patterns from the non-metric analyses at Marcajirca. Cave 19 differs the most from other tombs at statistically significant levels. Many of the other caves and chullpas do not exhibit statistically significant differences and often exhibit negative distance values. These results do not provide enough information to positively identify each tomb as a unique family burial, but may be more indicative of a wider ayllu group present at Marcajirca. Only Cave 19 represents a distinct group, possibly from an outlying community that considered itself as part of the larger ayllu linked by their belief in Llamoq as its founding ancestor. In the case of Marcajirca, it does appear as though historical records related to kinship and ancestor worship can be applied to the archaeological interpretations for this site and its role in the regional ayllus. Future research based on intersite biodistance analysis could be used to determine if there was a real biological distinction between the various ayllus reported to exist in the Conchucos Region. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Before anyone else, I need to thank my best friend and husband, Frank, for always supporting me in my dreams since the moment you met me. This support transcended moving to a new state, draining our meager savings, and leaving you alone for a month to travel to Peru by myself to do the research I eventually used for this thesis. Then years later you found the way for me to have the time I needed to do something with that research and write this thesis. Your love and help gets me through everything. To Abram, my smart little man. Thank you for being such a good little person and loving me so much. I hope you know that you can always follow your dreams. Whether that is being an inventor, an archaeologist, or whatever it is that you are gifted to love. I hope that you have the courage to stick with it and love what you do. To my mom, thanks for not being afraid when your young daughter excitedly brought home a book about mummies in the second grade and for supporting every science project about mummification. Also to your example for the value of gaining an education and the ability to do so while being a loving mother. To my Dad, thank you for instilling in me a love of other cultures, other people, travel, and for always being my number one fan. To my co-advisors, Ann and Mary, thank you for taking me on as a student my first year when I was lost and unsure of myself. I couldn’t have done this without your support and guidance throughout this experience. A special thanks to Mike Lacy for his countless hours put into helping me with the statistics on this research. I would also like to thank everyone that I worked with in Peru. I wouldn’t have had a thesis project if it weren’t for Bebel Ibarra and Stephan Naji for finding a way that I could contribute to the goals for their project at Marcajirca. I couldn’t have learned the non-metric iv markers without the help of Anne Titelbaum and Bronwyn McNeil, aside from their friendship and continued support with this thesis. This research was also made possible through the Alice Hamilton Fund of the Colorado Archaeological society. Finally, thanks to everyone in my cohort at CSU and especially to Laura, Aymee, and Becca. v TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract ......................................................................................................................................... ii Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................... iv List of Tables ............................................................................................................................... vii List of Figures ............................................................................................................................. viii Chapter 1: Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1 Chapter 2: Ayllus Ancestors Huacas ............................................................................................. 7 Social Organization and Ayllus .................................................................................................. 7 Ayllus in the North Central Highlands ..................................................................................... 10 Sacred Huacas and Apus .......................................................................................................... 12 Andean Ancestor Worship and Funerary Traditions ............................................................... 17 Changes in Mortuary Practices in the Northern Highlands ..................................................... 22 Mortuary Architecture in the North Central Highlands ........................................................... 27 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................... 31 Chapter 3: Marcajirca ................................................................................................................ 34 Site Location ............................................................................................................................. 34 Organization of the Site ........................................................................................................... 39 Radiocarbon Dates ................................................................................................................... 41 Mortuary Structures ................................................................................................................. 43 Human Remains and Context .................................................................................................. 48 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................... 52 Chapter 4: Materials and Methods .............................................................................................. 54 Materials .................................................................................................................................. 54 Age and Sex ............................................................................................................................. 54 Cranial Modification ................................................................................................................ 55 Non-Metric Trait Selection ...................................................................................................... 56 Data Recording ........................................................................................................................ 59 Grouping of Data ..................................................................................................................... 60 Common Statistical Approaches to Biodistance
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Community Focused Integration & Protected
    COMMUNITY FOCUSED INTEGRATION & PROTECTED AREAS MANAGEMENT IN THE HUASCARÁN BIOSPHERE RESERVE, PERÚ October 2015 | Jessica Gilbert In Summer 2015, ConDev Student Media Grant winner Jessica Gilbert conducted a photojournalism and film project to document land use issues and a variety of stakeholder perspectives in protected areas in Peru. Peru’s natural protected areas are threatened by a host of anthropogenic activities, which lead to additional conflicts with nearby communities. The core of this project involved a trip to Peru in May 2015 to highlight land use challenges in two distinct protected areas: Huascarán National Park and Tambopata National Reserve. In this contribution to the Applied Biodiversity Science Perspectives Series (http://biodiversity.tamu.edu/communications/perspectives-series/), Gilbert discusses the integration of communities into conservation management and criticizes the traditional “fortress”-style conservation policies, which she argues are incompatible with ecosystem conservation. Jessica Gilbert is a Ph.D. student in Texas A&M The Center on Conflict and Development University’s Department of Wildlife and Fisheries (ConDev) at Texas A&M University seeks to improve Sciences as well as a member of the NSF-IGERT the effectiveness of development programs and policies Applied Biodiversity Sciences Program. for conflict-affected and fragile countries through multidisciplinary research, education and development extension. The Center uses science and technology to reduce armed conflict, sustain families and communities during conflict, and assist states to rapidly recover from conflict. ConDev’s Student Media Grant, funded by the Howard G. Buffett Foundation, awards students with up to $5,000 to chronicle issues facing fragile and conflict- affected nations through innovative media.
    [Show full text]
  • Sustainability Report 2011
    Sustainability Report 2011 Fl FTY YEARS 1962 2012 CERTIFIED BY THE CRF INSTITUTE Index Letter to our stakeholders 8 Our ID 13 Our businesses 14 Enel worldwide 16 Group structure 18 Organizational Chart 20 Energy numbers 22 A sustainable year 24 Methodological note 30 How this Report has been prepared 31 Parameters of the Report 32 Chapter 1 - The Enel Group: identity, values, results 35 1.1 Our identity 36 1.2 A sustainable business 37 1.2.1 Strategic priorities 37 1.2.2 Climate Strategy 38 1.2.3 2012-2016 Sustainability Plan 40 1.3 2011 results 48 1.3.1 Operating results 48 1.3.2 Economic and financial results 51 1.3.3 Value created for stakeholders 53 1.4 Governance 55 1.4.1 Our shareholders 55 1.4.2 The corporate governance system 56 1.4.3 Risk management 67 Dossier - Innovation 68 Chapter 2 - Responsibility, transparency, ethics 79 2.1 The principles underpinning our actions 80 2.1.1 The three pillars of our corporate ethics 80 2.1.2 Lessons on ethics 83 2.1.3 Our key commitments 85 2.2 In line with our stakeholders 89 2.3 The network that multiplies our energy 94 2.4 What they say about us 97 2.4.1 Enel in the media 97 2.4.2 Brand Equity 98 2.4.3 Prizes and awards 99 Chapter 3 - The energy of our people 101 3.1 Our commitments 102 3.2 The numbers 104 3.3 People development 106 3.3.1 Recruitments and selection 107 3.3.2 Value creation 108 3.3.3 Training 110 3.4 Occupational health and safety 112 3.4.1 Objective: Zero accidents 112 3.4.2 Protecting health at Enel 118 3.5 Quality of life in the Company 122 3.5.1 Listening and discussing
    [Show full text]
  • © Cambridge University Press Cambridge
    Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-85099-5 - The Atlantic World: Europeans, Africans, Indians and Their Shared History, 1400-1900 Thomas Benjamin Index More information Index Abenakis, 310 Muslims in, 24–25 independence of Brazil, Acadians, 243–245, 494 Niger Delta chiefdoms, 609–612 Acosta, Josede,´ 281, 286 33 inspiration of early Adams, Abigail, 534 plant domestication, 34 revolutions, 518 Adams, John, 435, 525, savanna state development, reasons for anti-slavery 539 25–28 actions in Caribbean, Address to the Congress of slaves, indigenous 587–589 Angostura, 606–607 agricultural, 33 revolutionary republicanism, Africa, 24–35 as infantrymen/archers, 517 agriculture, 24, 25 27 and slavery, 518, 613.See Akan kingdom, as laborers, 27–28 also American animal domestication, 34 slave trade, indigenous, 28, Revolution; arts, 30 33, 35 Enlightenment; French Berbers in, 25 Songhay (See Songhay) Revolution; Haitian Canary Islands chiefdom (See South Africa chiefdom, 34 Revolution; Spanish Canary Islands) Thirstland, 33–34 America revolutions colonization, 662 trade in, 25, 29 agriculture Dyula, 82 tribute systems, 33 expansion in 14th-century early descriptions of, 80–81 underpopulation, in Europe, 38–39 economic/political sub-Saharan, 35 in pre-contact Africa development in Wolof, 81, 82 irrigated, 24 sub-Saharan, 34–35 Yoruba kingdom, 30.Seealso rain-fed, 25 endemic disease, 28–29, 35 Angola, and Portugal; in pre-contact Americas, 19, equatorial Central Africa antislavery, and Africa; 21 state development, 33 gender relations, in chinapa, 17 European disease, 35 Africa; Portuguese plant domestication, 22 famine, 35 imperium, in Africa; slash-and-burn, 21 forest-savanna edge state slavery; slave trade; West Ahuitzotl, 12 development, 28–29 Africa Aimore,´ 156 Ghana empire, 27 African Trade Act, 487 Akan kingdom (Africa), hearth of civilization, 25 Africanus, Leo, 28, 75, 117, Alaska, pre-contact herding in, 25 331 sub-arctic/arctic, 21 hunting/gathering in, 33–34 Age of Reason.
    [Show full text]
  • Anthropology 433
    Anthropology 433 ANDEAN ARCHAEOLOGY Spring 2018 Professor Clark L. Erickson PROFESSOR: Dr. Clark Erickson 435 Penn Museum [email protected] 215-898-2282 DESCRIPTION: ANTH 433: Andean Archaeology (Cross-listed as Latin American and Latino Studies 433) This course provides a basic survey of the prehistory of civilizations in the Central Andean Region of South America (the central highland and coastal areas that today are Peru and Bolivia and parts of Ecuador, Chile, and Argentina). Topics include the history of South American archaeology, peopling of the continent, origins and evolution of agriculture, early village life, ceremonial and domestic architecture, prehistoric art and symbolism, Andean cosmology and astronomy, indigenous technology, the historical ecology of landscapes, outside contacts and relationships, economics and trade, social and political structure, state formation and urbanism, and early contacts with Europeans. The lectures and readings are based on recent archaeological investigations and interpretations combined with appropriate analogy from ethnohistory and ethnography. The prehistory of the Amazonian lowlands and "the intermediate area" of northern South America will be covered in other courses. Slides and several films are used to illustrate concepts and sites presented in lecture. I generally do not stop the lecture to spell terminology, although periodically you will be provided handouts with lists of important terminology. Questions and comments are encouraged and may be asked before, during, or after lectures. I will also make use of artifacts from the extensive South American collections of the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology (Penn Museum).in class and/or in the collection rooms of the Penn Museum instead of in our regular classroom.
    [Show full text]
  • La Identidad Turística En Los Pobladores Del Distrito De Chacas Para El Turismo Cultural, Ancash, 2020
    FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS EMPRESARIALES ESCUELA PROFESIONAL DE ADMINISTRACIÓN EN TURISMO Y HOTELERÍA La identidad turística en los pobladores del distrito de Chacas para el turismo cultural, Ancash, 2020 TESIS PARA OBTENER EL TÍTULO PROFESIONAL DE: Licenciada Administración en Turismo y Hotelería AUTORA: Romero Lopez, Lucia Victoria (ORCID: 0000-0001-5153-6487) ASESOR: Mg. Huamaní Paliza, Frank David (ORCID: 0000-0003-3382-1246) LÍNEA DE INVESTIGACIÓN: Patrimonio y Recursos Turísticos LIMA - PERÚ 2020 Dedicatoria El siguiente trabajo de investigación está dedicado a mis amados Padres, que apresar de las dificultades supieron formarme con valores y hacer de mí una mujer de bien, a ellos principalmente dedico este trabajo de investigación, sin dejar de lado a Dios quien me ha acompañado en todo el proceso sin dejarme decaer por las adversidades. Así mismo dedico este trabajo a mi persona por haberme servido de ejemplo de que todo se puede. ii Agradecimientos A mis padres y hermano por haberme apoyado y animado en todo el proceso de investigación. A mi gran amiga Kely Vega por ser mi soporte incondicionalmente. Al clamado y respetado docente Justiniano Roca Sáenz, por ser un ejemplo a seguir para mí y ser la persona quien inculco en mi ese sentido de pertenencia hacia lo nuestro y ser una de las razones para estudiar esta hermosa carrera, así mismo a los docentes Isaac Quiroz Aguirre, Jesús Zaragoza Guzmán, Magda Romero Vino, Manuel P. Falcón Roca, de igual forma a las demás personas quienes colaboraron en mi trabajo de campo y a pesar de no habernos conocido con anterioridad como con la Sra.
    [Show full text]
  • Languages of the Middle Andes in Areal-Typological Perspective: Emphasis on Quechuan and Aymaran
    Languages of the Middle Andes in areal-typological perspective: Emphasis on Quechuan and Aymaran Willem F.H. Adelaar 1. Introduction1 Among the indigenous languages of the Andean region of Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, northern Chile and northern Argentina, Quechuan and Aymaran have traditionally occupied a dominant position. Both Quechuan and Aymaran are language families of several million speakers each. Quechuan consists of a conglomerate of geo- graphically defined varieties, traditionally referred to as Quechua “dialects”, not- withstanding the fact that mutual intelligibility is often lacking. Present-day Ayma- ran consists of two distinct languages that are not normally referred to as “dialects”. The absence of a demonstrable genetic relationship between the Quechuan and Aymaran language families, accompanied by a lack of recognizable external gen- etic connections, suggests a long period of independent development, which may hark back to a period of incipient subsistence agriculture roughly dated between 8000 and 5000 BP (Torero 2002: 123–124), long before the Andean civilization at- tained its highest stages of complexity. Quechuan and Aymaran feature a great amount of detailed structural, phono- logical and lexical similarities and thus exemplify one of the most intriguing and intense cases of language contact to be found in the entire world. Often treated as a product of long-term convergence, the similarities between the Quechuan and Ay- maran families can best be understood as the result of an intense period of social and cultural intertwinement, which must have pre-dated the stage of the proto-lan- guages and was in turn followed by a protracted process of incidental and locally confined diffusion.
    [Show full text]
  • Innova Schools in Peru: the Economic and Social Context, Privatization, and the Educational Context in Peru
    Directorate for Education and Skills Innovative Learning Environments (ILE) System Note PERU Innova Schools- Colegios Peruanos 1. Aims Innova Schools (IS) has under its vision to offer quality education at a reasonable cost to the children in Peru. The targeted children are those that pertain to lower B, and C, SES. Our aim is to offer an alternative that is excellent, scalable and affordable, in order to narrow the gap regarding the problem of quality education in Peru. As a private educational system, we are resolved to overcome the learning gap, with initiatives and interventions that have innovation at the core. IS is implementing a paradigm shift: from teacher centred schools, to schools that are student centred. In this paradigm shift, technology is regarded as an important tool in the learning process. Our learning process promotes that students use technology to learn efficiently, and that teachers facilitate this process accordingly. To perform its vision, IS started as a full-fledged company in 2010 with a carefully designed business plan including the construction of a nationwide network of 70 schools that will serve over 70,000 students by 2020. Up to the moment, we have 18 schools, 16 in the peripheral areas of the capital city of Lima, and 2 in the provinces. IS is currently attending a population of approximately 620 teachers, and 9 100 students. 2. Leadership and Partners At the educational system level, Jorge Yzusqui our CEO is a member of the National Council of Education [Consejo Nacional de Eduación-CNE]. There is also a close connection between our CEO and Martín Vegas who is the vice-minister of pedagogic management at the Ministry of Education in Peru.
    [Show full text]
  • Municipalidad Provincial De Asunción
    PLAN VIAL PROVINCIAL PARTICIPATIVO DE ASUNCION MUNICIPALIDAD PROVINCIAL DE ASUNCIÓN 0 PLAN VIAL PROVINCIAL PARTICIPATIVO DE ASUNCION CONTENIDO Pág / DIRECTORIO 4 PRESENTACIÓN 5 RESUMEN EJECUTIVO 8 MARCO DE REFERENCIA 14 CAPITULO I: DIAGNOSTICO 19 1.1. Descripción General de la Provincia 20 1.1.1 Datos Generales: Ubicación, Límites, Extensión Territorial, Altitud, División Política 20 1.1.2 Características Fisiográficas: Relieve, Clima, Zonas de Vida, Recursos Hídricos. 26 1.1.3 Problemática Ambiental. 37 1.1.4 Área Natural Protegida (ANP)-Parque Nacional Huascarán 40 1.2 Aspectos Demográficos y Sociales 42 1.2.1 Población 42 1.2.2 Pobreza 49 1.2.3 Servicios Sociales: Educación y Salud 53 1.3. Análisis de la Oferta de Infraestructura Vial 61 1.3.1 Inventario Vial: Aspectos Conceptuales y Operativos 61 1.3.2 Infraestructura Vial Provincial 61 Caminos Nacionales Caminos Departamentales Caminos Vecinales Caminos de Herradura 1.3.3 Caminos Vecinales que pasan por Reservas Nacionales 69 1.3.4 Servicios de Transporte de Pasajeros y Carga 69 1.3.5 Análisis de los Ejes Viales 71 Sub. Sistema Urbano y Ejes Viales Definición e Importancia de los Nodos de Desarrollo Identificación y Priorización de los Ejes Viales CAPITULO II: POTENCIALIDADES DEL TERRITORIO PROVINCIAL 79 2. Potencialidades 80 2.1. Identificación y Estimación de Potencialidades 80 2.2. Aspectos Económicos y Productivos 80 2.2.1 Sector Primario 80 Zonas Agrícolas Zonas Ganaderas Zonas Pesqueras Zona Minera Zonas de Forestación 2.2.2 Sector Secundario 95 Zonas Industriales Zonas Turísticas 1 PLAN VIAL PROVINCIAL PARTICIPATIVO DE ASUNCION 2.2.3 Sector Terciario 101 Zonas comerciales 2.3.
    [Show full text]
  • Mhimeuicanjiuseum PUBLISHED by the AMERICAN MUSEUM of NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST at 79TH STREET, NEW YORK 24, N.Y
    1ovitatesMhimeuicanJiuseum PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK 24, N.Y. NUMBER 2 028 MAY 8, 196I Birds of the Western Slope of the Andes of Peru1 BY MARIA KOEPCKE2 INTRODUCTION During the ecological and zoogeographical studies that I undertook with my husband, H.-W. Koepcke, in the course of nine years on the western side ofthe Peruvian Andes, I observed that a considerable num- ber of birds have a more extensive distribution than had been known heretofore. It had not been perceived that several life zones ofnorthwest- ern Peru and western Ecuador, with their special biotopes, extend along the western slope of the Andes to middle Peru and beyond. The most interesting findings seem to be that the humid division of the temperate zone described by Chapman (1926) for Ecuador and northwestern Peru extends at least to middle Peru, split into a chain of "insular woods" (M. Koepcke, 1954, 1957, 1958; H.-W. Koepcke, 1958, and MS), and, moreover, the fact that we find in middle Peru, in the lower part of the western Andean slope, the southernmost patches of forest composed of trees which shed their leaves during the dry season. I have included a few observations on birds of the ocean shores and on migratory birds. I found further novelties in relation to distribution during a revision of Peruvian birds in the American Museum of Natural History in New 'Taxonomical and faunal bases for the ecological-zoogeographical studies of H.-W. and M. Koepcke, No. 27, with support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Bad Godes- berg, Germany.
    [Show full text]
  • Floods and Landslides
    Peru: floods and landslides Situation Report Nº 02 The UNDAC Team in Lima prepares this report. It is developed in collaboration with the partners from the Humanitarian Country Team. It covers the period from March 19th to 22th, 2017. The next report will be published around March 26th, 2017 Summary 12 departments have been declared under state of Emergency due to the impact of rainfall and one due to imminent danger after the gradual increase in the flow of Amazonian rivers. The state of Emergency covers 748 counties from 1800. 7 departments have been declared under state of Sanitary Emergency due to worsening health risks. The National Humanitarian Network, led by the National Institute of Civil Defense (INDECI) and the United Nations System in Peru, has activated its emergency protocol in order to complement state response. A UNDAC team composed by 10 international experts has been deployed to support the United Nations country team with coordination and information management issues. The Prime Minister chairs the meetings of the National Disaster Risk Management Council (CONAGERD) in the context of the emergency. Overview of the situation Persistent rains continue in the northern and central parts of the country. The National Meteorological and Hydrological Service (SENAMHI) has declared a red alert for heavy rains on the north and central coast of the country until Saturday, March 25th.The latest report of the National Institute of Civil Defense (INDECI) reports 111,283 severely affected, 672,892 affected, 270 injured, 20 missing and 85 people killed. The highest numbers of deaths are recorded in the departments of Arequipa (17), La Libertad (13), Ayacucho and Cusco (8 in each region), Huancavelica, Piura, Cajamarca and Lima (6 in each region), Ancash and Lambayeque (3 in each region), Junin (2) and Huanuco, Moquegua, Pasco, Puno, San Martin and Tacna (1 in each region).
    [Show full text]
  • Una Historia Regional De Conchucos, Siglos Xvi Xx
    Entre quebradas y montañas: Algún motivo —que no me atrevería a atribuir únicamente a sus orígenes familiares en el pueblo de Chacas, provincia de Asunción, UNA HISTORIA REGIONAL DE en Conchucos— parecería indicar que la trayectoria de las investigaciones efectuadas a lo largo de los años por el doctor CONCHUCOS, SIGLOS XVI XX Miguel León Gómez condujese de manera inexorable al libro que ahora presentamos. La lista abarca su formación como historiador en la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos y en la Universidad de Columbia, sus investigaciones en el Instituto de Entre montañas y quebradas: montañas Entre MIGUEL LEÓN GÓMEZ Estudios Peruanos, los trabajos sobre la región de Huánuco, sus encomiendas y encomenderos; sobre la población indígena de Conchucos, sobre la visita pastoral de santo Toribio de Mogrovejo REGIONAL DE UNA HISTORIA Miguel León Gómez, graduado de bachi- CONCHUCOS, SIGLOS XVI XX SIGLOS CONCHUCOS, a Áncash y aun sobre conciencia histórica e identidad. ller en Historia por la Universidad Mayor de San Marcos y doctorado por la Univer- Escribir una historia regional en el Perú es infrecuente, pero, sobre sidad de Columbia de New York, se ha todo, es una labor meritoria por su envergadura y los retos que dedicado a los estudios histórico-regiona- debe enfrentar. Esto es particularmente cierto cuando se trata de les de Ancash y Huánuco y a los estudios de los primeros dos siglos del período la región de Conchucos, un espacio muy poco estudiado a pesar colonial peruano. En la actualidad es de la riqueza de su ecología, de sus abundantes recursos naturales profesor de historia latinoamericana de la y de la extraordinaria creatividad y producción material de sus Universidad del Estado de New York en habitantes.
    [Show full text]
  • Operation Mato Grosso
    Operation Mato Grosso with the youth… … for the poor “…to do Charity is to open a door you can never close” These pages describe the work of Father Ugo de Censi and volunteers of Operation Mato Grosso. 2 Chacas is closer to heaven than any other place on earth Anarchist dreamer and a man of action, the Italian priest Ugo de Censi has carried out in this region, one of the poorest in Peru, a real economic and social revolution. ... The extraordinary beauty of this place is not only physical, but also social and spiritual thanks to Father Ugo de Censi, an Italian priest who arrived in Chacas as pastor in 1976. Tall, eloquent, sympathetic, sturdy and agile, despite being almost ninety years old, he has an infectious energy and willingness capable of moving mountains. In the 37 years that he has been here he has transformed this region, one of the poorest in Peru, into a world of peace and work, of human solidarity and of artistic creativity... retirements... He hates greed and he and believes profit, thatthe sea if of thebur eaucracy,Catholic Church profiteering, is to be insurance, criticized it is for having moved away from the poor and marginalized among whom it was born. The word that appears on his lips most often, imbued with tenderness and poetic accents, is charity... The interesting thing is that this religious man, part anarchist and part dreamer, is the same time, a man of action, a praise-worthy achiever, who without taking a penny from the State and putting in practice his outlandish ideas, has conducted in Chacas and its surroundings, a true economic and social revolution..
    [Show full text]