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Sustainable Mediterranean, Issue No 62 SUSTainabLE MEDITERRANEAN MEDITERRANEE DURABLE • BIΩΣIMH MEΣOΓEIOΣ • MEDITERRANEO SOSTENIBLE Living in harmony with nature in the Mediterranean • • • Vivre en harmonie avec la nature en Méditerranée Quar ter ly newslet ter produced by the Me di ter ra ne an In for ma tion Of fi ce for the Envi ron ment, Culture and Sustai na ble Deve lop ment, in collaboration Issue no 62 Issue No 62, 02/2010 with the Euro pe an Envi ron me ntal Bure au and the This issue of Sustainable Mediterranean Arab NGO Network for was financed by MIO-ECSDE with the Envi ron ment and Deve lop ment support of the European Commission EDITORIAL he Mediterranean region, frequently referred reducing certain pressures through specific legislation a région méditerranéenne, fréquemment appelée Cela ne signifie pas qu’il n’y a pas eu d’initiatives also as an “eco-region”, is considered to be one at EU level e.g. on atmospheric emissions, freshwater “écorégion”, est considérée comme l’un des points importantes. En effet, des efforts et des progrès ont of the world’s hotspots with exceptional concen- quality and waste water treatment. However, key sec- chauds du monde, du fait de ses concentrations été réalisés dans la réduction de certaines pressions, trations of biodiversity. However, the region’s unique tors remain problematic and need deeper re-thinking exceptionnelles de biodiversité. Toutefois, la richesse à travers la législation spécifique au niveau européen, wealth is critically endangered as biodiversity contin- of their operations vis-à-vis sustainability, e.g. fisher- unique de la région est en danger car la biodiversité conti- par ex. sur les émissions atmosphériques, la qualité de Tues to decrease rapidly, due to human-induced pres- ies. In addition, of particular significance for Mediter- Lnue à se réduire très rapidement en raison de la pression l’eau douce et le traitement des eaux usées. Toutefois, sures which result in the fragmentation, degradation ranean biodiversity are the impacts of climate change, humaine qui entraine la fragmentation, la dégradation et les secteurs principaux demeurent problématiques et and loss of habitat and extinction of species. As biodi- which are just emerging and have not yet been fully la perte de l’habitat et l’extinction des espèces. Alors que il est nécessaire de repenser les opérations concernant versity loss continues our knowledge of its importance recognised and integrated. Many ecosystems have been la diversité biologique diminue, notre conscience de son la durabilité, par ex. la pêche. De plus, les impacts du is growing, highlighting the fact that urgent actions degraded thereby reducing their capacity to respond to importance augmente, soulignant le fait que des mesures changement climatique qui émergent à peine et qui should be undertaken at all levels to tackle this critical future shocks such as the effects of climate change. urgentes doivent être prises à tous les niveaux pour gérer n’ont pas été entièrement reconnus et intégrés, sont issue in the wider Mediterranean area. m cette question critique dans la région méditerranéenne. d’une importance significative pour la diversité bio- In order to achieve greater progress towards bio- This issue of Sustainable Mediterranean is dedi- Cette édition de Sustainable Mediterranean est logique. De nombreux écosystèmes ont été dégradés, diversity conservation and avert the accelerating, cated to biodiversity on the occasion of the UN Year of consacrée à la biodiversité, à l’occasion de l’année réduisant ainsi leur capacité à répondre à des chocs catastrophic loss of the variety of life forms in the Biodiversity and the failure to meet our expectations internationale de la biodiversité des Nations Unies futurs tels que les effets du changement climatique. Mediterranean region, there is an urgent need for and achieve the objectives set to preserve biodiversity at mais également dans le contexte de notre incapacité à Afin de progresser dans la préservation de la biodi- a set of actions and responses closely linked with both International and European level and particularly: répondre à nos attentes et à atteindre les objectifs de versité et d’éviter la perte accélérée et catastrophique m ambitious short- and long-term post-2010 targets, préservation de la biodiversité au niveau international des formes de vie dans la région méditerranéenne, il to achieve the 2010 biodiversity target to signifi- aiming to tackle sufficiently and effectively the et européen, et particulièrement : y a un besoin urgent d’un ensemble d’actions et de cantly reduce the rate of biodiversity loss adopted by indirect and direct drivers of biodiversity loss in the m réponses étroitement liées aux objectifs post-2010 à the 2000 UN General Assembly as a target of Millen- réaliser les objectifs de biodiversité de 2010, visant à Mediterranean region. This requires actions at dif- court terme et à long terme, ayant pour but de s’at- nium Development Goal 7, “to ensure environmen- réduire de manière significative le taux de perte de ferent “fora”: EU, Union for the Mediterranean and taquer de manière efficace aux causes directes et indi- tal sustainability”; biodiversité, Barcelona Convention. rectes de la réduction de la biodiversité dans la région m m m to halt the decline of biodiversity in the EU by 2010 The initial step should be the setting of ambitious adoptés en 2000 par l’Assemblée générale de l’ONU en méditerranéenne. Cela nécessite des mesures de la part and to restore habitats and natural systems, a tar- yet realistic and measurable short-, medium and tant qu’objectif 7 de développement du millénaire, de différents forums : Union pour la Méditerranée et get adopted by EU Heads of State and Government long-term targets. These targets should be based on « pour garantir une durabilité environnementale » ; Convention de Barcelone. robust scientific evidence (e.g. with the use of the m in 2001. The new objective set aims to halt the loss arrêter le déclin de la biodiversité dans l’Union Euro- L’étape initiale serait d’établir des objectifs à court, pan-European Streamlining European 2010 Biodi- of biodiversity and the degradation of ecosystem péenne d’ici 2010 et restaurer les habitats et les systè- moyen et long termes, ambitieux mais tout de même versity Indicators, etc.), taking into account related services in the EU by 2020, restore them insofar as mes naturels, objectif adopté par les chefs d’Etats et réalistes. Ces derniers devraient être fondés sur des challenges and opportunities, while actively engag- feasible, while stepping up the EU contribution to de gouvernements de l’UE en 2001. Le nouvel objectif preuves scientifiques solides (par. ex. avec l’utilisation ing all stakeholders. The latest should be supported averting global biodiversity loss; a pour but de stopper la diminution de la diversité d’indicateurs pan-européens de biodiversité pour 2010, m m in order to play their role effectively. etc.) en prenant en compte les défis et opportunités, et to see concrete indications of a diminishing biodi- biologique et la dégradation des services écosysté- loss at Mediterranean level. The post-2010 overarching goal towards the protec- en engageant toutes les parties intéressées. Ces derniè- versity miques dans l’UE d’ici 2010, les restaurer dans la tion of biodiversity should be coherent with com- mesure du possible, tout en intensifiant la contribu- res devront être soutenues afin de pouvoir jouer leur The inadequacy of country policy responses to halt the mitments made by the Contracting Parties to the UN tion de l’UE pour éviter la réduction de la diversité rôle de manière efficace. general decline of biodiversity at International, Medi- Convention on Biological Diversity at their 10th ses- biologique à l’échelle mondiale ; Les objectifs importants post-2010 pour la protec- terranean or European level is evident in the outcomes sion (Nagoya, Japan 18-29 October 2010), while going m tion de la biodiversité devraient être cohérents avec of several reports and assessments, such as the EEA’s beyond halting the loss of regional biodiversity and constater concrètement un ralentissement de la réduc- les engagements pris par les Parties contractantes à la tion de la biodiversité au niveau méditerranéen. assessment “Progress towards the European 2010 bio- also including actions towards restoring its integrity Convention des Nations Unies sur la diversité biologi- diversity target, 2009”; the Millennium Ecosystem and variety - thus ensuring the continued provision L’inadéquation de la réponse constituée par les politi- que au cours de leur 10ème session (Nagoya, Japon 18-29 Assessment, 2005; the IUCN Red List of Threatened of its goods and services. The needed considerable ques des pays pour arrêter le déclin général de la bio- octobre 2010), tout en allant plus loin que le ralentisse- Species, 2008; etc. expansion of protected areas in the region should be diversité au niveau international, méditerranéen ou ment de la réduction de la biodiversité régionale et en This does not mean that there have not been impor- accompanied by provisions for their proper monitor- européen est évidente dans les conclusions de certains englobant des mesures afin de restaurer son intégrité tant initiatives, efforts and some progress made in ing and management. rapports et évaluations tels que l’évaluation de l’AEE et sa variété, et ainsi assurer la disposition continue de intitulée « Progrès réalisé vers l’objectif européen 2010 ses biens et services. L’expansion considérable néces- pour la biodiversité, 2009 », l’Evaluation des écosystè- saire des secteurs protégés dans la région devraient être mes pour le millénaire de 2005, la Liste rouge mondiale accompagnée de dispositions pour leur suivi et leur de l’IUCN des espèces menacées, 2008, etc. gestion appropriés. 2 SUSTAINABLE MEDITERRANEAN • Issue no 62 - numéro 62 SUSTAINABLE MEDITERRANEAN • Issue no 62 - numéro 62 3 CONTENTS LES ENJEUX DE LA BIODIVERSITÉ dans UNE VISION SYSTÉMATIQUE DE LA VIE par Son Altesse Sérénissime Albert II, Prince Souverain de Monaco EDITORIAL 2 LA BiodiVERsiTÉ AU MARoc ET Les ACTIVITÉS de L`AssociATioN SPANA coNceRNANT orsque l’Assemblée qui nous entourent que déjà nous constatons leur fragilité.
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