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Chronology the Classical Era

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Chronology the Classical Era Chronology The Classical Era MUSIC AND MUSICIANS POLITICS, WAR, RULERS 1740 C. P. E. Bach (1714-88) moves to 1740 War of Austrian Succession: Prussia, Berlin in Frederick the Great's service. France and Bavaria against Austria and The Twelve Grand Concertos op. 6 of George England (-1748). Death of Frederick Frideric Handel (1685-1759) published. William I of Prussia; succeeded by his son Matthias Georg Monn ( 1717 -50) writes Frederick II ('the Great'). Death of the first four-movement symphony. A Emperor Charles VI of Austria; succeeded Musical Dictionary by James Grassineau (d by his daughter Maria Theresa. Death of 1767) published, the first work of its kind. Empress Anna of Russia; succeeded by her great-nephew Ivan VI,.an infant of three 1741 Goldberg Variations by Johann months. Death of Pope Clement XII; Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) published succeeded by Benedict XIV. (1741-2). Deidamia, Handel's last opera, given in London. Artaserse, the first opera 1741 Empress Elizabeth usurps the Russian of Christoph Willibald Gluck (1714-87), throne. given in Milan. The Madrigal Society founded in London by John Immyns (d 1742 Charles VII of Bavaria elected Holy 1784). Antonio Vivaldi (63) dies, Vienna; Roman Emperor. Prague occupied by Johann Joseph Fux (80) dies, Vienna. Bavarian and French troops. 1742 Messiah by Handel given, in Dublin. The first keyboard sonatas of Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach published. The Berlin Opera opened by Frederick the Great with 1743 Maria Theresa crowned Queen of Caesar und Cleopatra by Carl Heinrich Bohemia. George II is the last European Graun (c1703-1759). Mannheim opera monarch to ride into battle at the head of house opens with Meride by Carlo Pietro his troops, at Dettingen. Mme de Grua (c1700-1773). Rane1agh Pleasure Pompadour becomes Louis XV's mistress Gardens open. and for over 20 years influences French politics and diplomacy. 1743 Handel's Samson performed, London. 1744 Frederick the Great invades Saxony. 1744 Handel's Semele performed, London. 1745 Death of Charles VII of Bavaria; 1745 Platie by Jean•Philippe Rameau succeeded by Maximilian Joseph. Maria (1681-1764) given at Versailles. Johann Theresa's husband, Francis Stephen of Stamitz (1717-57) becomes Lorraine, elected Holy Roman Emperor. Konzertmeister at the Mannheim court. Second Jacobite Rebellion (-1746). Prince Charles Edward Stuart attempts to 1746 Gluck visits London, where his La gain the English throne but is defeated at caduta de'giganti is given. Wilhelm Culloden (1746). Friedemann Bach (1710-84) appointed organist at the Liebfrauenkirche, Halle. 1746 Death of Philip V of Spain; succeeded by Ferdinand VI. Death of Christian VI of Denmark-Norway; succeeded by Frederick V. 1747 Handel's judas Maccabaeus performed, London. Bach visits Frederick the Great's court at Potsdam; his Musical Offering published. 1748 Bach's B minor Mass assembled ( 174 7 -9). The Holywell Music Room, 1748 Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ends the Oxford, opened (the first room built War of Austrian Succession, with Austria specifically for music). having lost Silesia to Prussia. 384 Chronology, 1740-48 LITERATURE, SCIENCE, FINE AND PHILOSOPHY, TECHNOLOGY, DECORATIVE ARTS, RELIGION DISCOVERY ARCHITECTURE 17 40 Completion of A 1740 Dijon Academy of 1740 Palace ofDos Aquas, Treatise on Human Nature by Science founded. The Valencia, remodelled David Hume (1711-76). circumnavigation of Lord (-1744). Pamela, or Virtue &warded, Anson (1697-1762) in the an epistolary novel by Centurion (-1 744) . 1742 Jacques Dubois SamuelFUchardson (1693-1763) becomes a (1689-1761) published. master cabinet maker; his Louis, Due de Saint- 1741 Stockholm Academy style represents the Simon (1765-1755), of Science founded. culmination of the composes his Memoires of Rococo. William Hogarth Louis XIV (-1750). (1697-1764) paints 1742 Anders Celsius Marriage ii Ia Mode 17 42 In Cartas eruditas (- (1701-44) proposes a (-1746). Diana &sting 1760) Benito Feijoo centigrade thermometer. after her Bath by Fram;ois (1767-1764) contributes Boucher (1703-70). to the intellectual 1743 The pilgrimage emancipation of Spain. church of 1743 Copenhagen Academy Vierzehnheiligen begun 1743 The Mourning Turtle of Science founded. by Balthasar Neumann Dove, poems on the death (1687-1753). Capo-di- of her husband by Hedwig Monte porcelain factory Charlotta Nordenflycht established in Naples. (1718-93), published. 1744 The Abbey of 1744 George Berkeley Ottobeuren, the (1685-1753) publishes masterpiece of Michael Siris, a scientific and Fischer (1692-1766), philosophical meditation. begun. Dominkus Third edition of Scienza Zimmerman (1695-1766) nuova by Giambattista begins the pilgrimage Vico (1668-1744), the church of Die Wies. first survey of the social 1745 Invention of the 1745 Chelsea porcelain evolution of mankind. 'Leyden jar' for storing factory, the first in electricity by Pieter van England, established. Musschenbroek ( 1692- Sanssouci Palace, Pots- 1761). dam, begun by Georg von Knobelsdorff (1699-1753). 1746 Antonio Canaletto ( 1720-7 5) arrives in London. 1747 St Andrew's 1748 Charles-Louis de Cathedral, Kiev, begun by Secondat, Baron de Bartolommeo Rastrelli Montesquieu (1689- (1700-71). Strawberry 17 55), publishes De l 'esprit Hill, Twickenham, begun des Lois, the first great by Horace Walpole synthesis of political ( 1717-97) in the Gothic. economy. Der Messias style. (completed 1773) by 1748 Lancelot Friedrich Gottlieb ('Capability') Brown Klopstock (1724-1803) 1748 Osmosis discovered (1716-83) plans his first appears anonymously, by Abbe Nollet (1700- independent landscape inaugurating a new era in 1770). Discovery of the garden design, at German poetry. ruined city of Pompeii. Warwick Castle. 385 The Classical Era MUSIC AND MUSICIANS POLITICS, WAR, RULERS 1749 Handel's Solomon performed, London. Rameau's Zoroastre given, Paris. 1750 J. S. Bach (65) dies, Leipzig. 1750 Death ofJohn V of Portugal; succeeded by Joseph I. Britain joined 1751 The violinist and composer Felice Austro-Russian alliance, hostile to Giardini (1761-96) settles in London. Prussia. Francesco Geminiani (1687-1762) publishes The Art ofPlaying on the Violin, the first advanced violin manual. 1751 Frederick II of Sweden dies; succeeded by Adolphus Frederick. 1752 Handel'sjephtha performed, London. JohannJoachim Quantz (1697-1773) publishes his Versuch einer Anweisung die Fliite traversiere <;u spielen. The Querelle des Bouffons begins, Paris. 1755 lgnaz Holzhauer (1711-83) appointed Kapellmeister at Mannheim. Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-78) publishes his Lettre sur Ia musique .fraTifaise. C. P. E. Bach publishes vol.i of Versuch iiber die wahre Art, das Clavier <;u spielen [vol.ii, 1762]. 1754Johann Stamitz visits Paris. llfilosojo di 1754 Anglo-French war in north America. campagna by Baldassare Galuppi (1706-85) given, Venice. 1755 William Boyce (1711-79) appointed Master of the King's Musick to George II. Cephalus and Proeris by Francesco Araia 1755 Lisbon devastated by an earthquake. (1709-c1776), the first opera sung in Russian, given in St Petersburg. C. H. 1756 Seven Years' War. Frederick the Graun's Montezuma to a libretto after Great invades Saxony. Austria now allied Frederick the Great given; his Der Todjesu to France and Russia against Prussia and performed, Berlin. Thomas Cahusac (d Great Britain. Britain and France fighting 1798) founds probably the first for colonial territories. instrument-making business in London. 1757 Battle ofLeuthen: Frederick the 1756 Leopold Mozart's Versuch einer Great's defeat of Austria regarded as his griindlichen Violinschule published. greatest military triumph. France defeats Britain at the Battle of Plassey in India. 1757 First public concert in Philadelphia. Domenico Scarlatti (71) dies, Madrid; 1758 Death of Pope Benedict XIV; J. Stamitz (39) dies, Mannheim. succeeded by Clement XIII. 1759Joseph Haydn (1732-1809) enters 1759 General Wolfe captures Quebec for the service of Count Morzin, Lukavec. Britain; by 1760 French rule ih India and Ippolito ed ~ricia by Tommaso Traetta Canada virtually ended. Charles II~, ruler (1727-79) given, Parma. Handel (74) of the Two Sicilies, becomes King of Spain dies, London. on the death of Ferdinand VI. 386 Chronology, 1749-59 LITERATURE, SCIENCE, FINE AND PHILOSOPHY, TECHNOLOGY, DECORATIVE ARTS, RELIGION DISCOVERY ARCHITECTURE 1749 The History of Tom 1749 Publication ofthe first Jones, a Foundling by Henry of the 36-volume Histoire Fielding (1705-54) naturelle in which George 1750 Giovanni Battista establishes the novel of Buffon differentiates the Tiepolo (1696-1770) action in England. sciences of anthropology, commissioned to decorate geology and archaeology. the archbishop's palace at Wiirzburg. &bert Andrews 1750 GOttingen Academy of and his Wife painted by Science founded. Thomas Gainsborough (1727-88). Battersea 1751 Denis Diderot (1713- Enamel factory set up. 84) edits the Encyclopidie, in 17 volumes ( -1772); it 1751 Ecole Militaire, Paris, advocates a secular begun by Jacques Ange morality, undermining the 1752 Gregorian Calendar Gabriel (1698--1782). supernatural sanctions on adopted by Great Britain. which the ancien regime is Benjamin Franklin 1752 Royal Palace at based. demonstrates lightning to Caserta, Naples, the last be electricity. great Italian Baroque palace and the largest 18th-century building, begun by Luigi Vanvitelli (1700-1733). 1753 Carl Linnaeus (1707- 78) publishes Species 1753 St Nicholas, Prague, plantarum, followed in completed. 1755 Publication of A 1758 by the tenth edition Dictionary of the English
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