GLOSSARY OF ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR RELATED TERMS 2019‐04‐03

The ability of a material to resist abrading and wear as from s and and dust or one item sliding ABRASION RESISTANCE against another; surface wear. (Erosion)

A test in which certain parameters, such as voltage and tempera ture, are increased above normal operating values to obtain observable deterioration in a relatively short period of time. The ACCELERATED AGING plotted results give expected service life under normal conditions. Also called accelerated life test. Those tests deemed necessary to determine acceptability of prod uct and as agreed by purchaser ACCEPTANCE TESTS and vendor. An insulaon displacement connecon in which it is possible to access test points for carrying out mechanical tests (e.g. transverse extraction force) and electrical measurements (e.g. contact resistance) without deactivation of any design features intended to establish and/or maintain the ACCESSIBLE INSULATION DISPLACEMENT insulation displacement connection. This accessibility mainly occurs when the insulation CONNECTION displacement connection is enclosed in a component. Mechanical devices, such as jackscrews, cable clamps, added to connector shells and other such ACCESSORY hardware that is attached to connectors to make up the total connector configuration. A type of connector contact where a flat spring is given a Z sha pe to permit high deflecon ACCORDION CONTACT without overstress. A square thread which allows for rapid coupling of connectors v ersus finer pitched threads. A larger crosssecon of thread body makes this an extremely stron g design versus the usual v ACME thread. (Ref: MIL‐DTL‐38999 series III &Amphenol QWLD) An intermediate device to provide for connector aachments such as accessories, special ADAPTER mounting means, or special inter‐connection means to an electrical termination. A fixed or free component to permit electrical connecon(s) betw een two or more connectors ADAPTER CONNECTOR where direct connection is mechanically impossible. The chemical process of preparing a surface to enhance its abil ity to be bonded to another ADHESION PROMOTION surface or to accept an over plate. AGING The change in properes of a material with me under specific co ndions. Pertaining to applicaons peculiar to aircra and missiles or o ther systems designed for operaon AIRBORNE primarily within the earth's atmosphere. A tube into which fiber ends are introduced, providing alignment prior to sealing the fiber ends in ALIGNMENT TUBE place to form a splice. A substance having metallic properes and being composed of two or more chemical elements of ALLOY which at least one is an elemental metal. An electrical current (sinusoida l in nature), which reverses at regular intervals. The repeon rate ALTERNATING CURRENT is expressed as hertz (cycles per second). ALTERNATIVE INSERT POSITION Orientaon achieved by rotang the insert in circular connector s AMBIENT The surrounding environment coming into contact with the system or component in queson. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE The temperature of the surrounding environment. AMPACITY See current carrying capacity. Angular departure of one fiber from the axis defined by the other when two fibers are connected ANGULAR MISALIGNMENT or spliced. To heat a metal and cool slowly to relieve hardness or brilene ss that may have occurred ANNEAL naturally or may have been induced. To form a protecve insulang oxide layer on a metal (e.g. alum inum) by electrolyc acon. ANODIZE Anodized finishes can be natural or a decorative color. ANTI‐BIND ROLL OFF Feature that prevents shell binding caused by side loads during mang/demang. A connector designed to provide keying or locking provisions to maintain posive orientaon for ANTI‐ROTATION CONNECTOR accessory hardware. The part of a crimping die, normally staonary, that posions a nd supports the terminal during ANVIL crimping; sometimes called the Nest. APPARENT DIAMETER (of a stranded conductor) The diameter of the circumscribing circle of the bundle of stra nds. A discharge of electricity caused by a breakdown in dielectric; either an increase in voltage or a ARC loss of dielectric capability, or a combination of both. The resistance of a material to the effects of a high voltage, l ow current arc (under prescribed conditions) passing across the surface of the material. The arc resistance is stated as a measure of total elapsed time at that voltage required to form a conductive path on the surface (material ARC RESISTANCE carbonized by the arc). ASPECT RATIO A rao of length or depth of a h ole to its preplated diameter.

On a conducng material, the microscopic‐level surface roughnes s. These surface imperfecons ASPERITY affect the effective contact area when two contact surfaces are mated with one another. The reducon of average power during the transmission of a sign al from the input to the output ATTENUATION of the device under test, usually measured in decibels (dB). A photodetector used in high sp eed, broad bandwidth fiber opc systems. The avalanche feature results from the rush of electrons across a junction under a very high bias. The APD requires a much higher reverse bias and has a higher cutoff frequency than a PIN‐photodiode, and therefore, AVALANCHE PHOTODIODE (APD) at higher frequencies is a more sensitive device. AWG An abbreviaon for American Wire Gauge. The incremental difference between an inial posion and a final posion resulng from a force AXIAL DISPLACEMENT applied along the axis of a component. AXIAL LEAD A lead wire extending from a component or module body along its longitudinal axis. AXIS The center line about which parts of a body may be referred. Installed such that the connectors mounng flange is posioned b ehind the connector mounng BACK MOUNTED surface when viewed from the mating face or front side of the connector. An interconnecon device having terminaons, such as for wire wrap, on one side and usually having connector receptacles on the other side, used to provide pointtopoint electrical interconnecons between connector terminaon elements. The pointtopoint electrical BACKPLANE interconnections may be printed wiring. An interconnecon panel into which PC cards or other panels can be plugged. These panels come in a variety of designs ranging from a PC motherboard (backplane) to individual connectors BACKPLANE PANEL mounted in a metal frame. Backplane panels lend themselves to automatic wiring. A connector accessory or component, that may or may not be supp lied with the connector, attaches to the back of the connector, can facilitate wiring harness strain relief, tighter harness routing in restricted space, and wiring shield termination, and can provide for shielding from BACKSHELL electrical interference and/or moisture protection. A loop of wire used to prevent p ermanent separaon of two or more parts assembled together. BAIL Example: the bail holding dustcaps on round connectors. A loop of wire formed into a bail that is used to prevent the i nadvertent disassembly of two halves BAIL LATCH of a connector pair. A transmission line consisng of two conductors in the presence of ground capable of being operated in such a way that the voltages on the two conductors at all transverse planes are equal BALANCED LINE (WAVEGUIDE) (two in magnitude and opposite in direction. The ground may be a conducting sheath, forming a conductor) shielded transmission line.

BALANCED WIRE CIRCUIT (DATA One whose two sides are electrically alike and symmetrical with respect to ground and other TRANSMISSION) conductors. The term is commonly used to indicate a circuit whose two sides differ only by chance. Voltages relave to ground on the two conductors of a balanced line that, at every point along the BALANCED VOTAGES line, is equal in magnitude and opposite in polarity. BANDWIDTH The frequency range of electrical signals transmied. The bandwidth between halfpower points. The frequency of half‐power transfers in the case of BANDWIDTH (3‐dB) baseband signals. The flared entrance or internal bevel at the wire entry of the c ontact terminaon element, that is BARREL CHAMFER intended to facilitate entry of the conductor. That secon of the terminal, splice, or contact that accommodat es the conductor, without BARREL, CONDUCTOR insulation. BARREL, INSULATION The secon of the terminal, splice or contact that accommodates the wire with insulaon. BARREL SIZE An assigned number denoting the size of the contact barrel that accommodates the conductor. BARREL, WIRE (See BARREL, CONDUCTOR) A secon of dielectric material that insulates contacts or term inals from each other and from BARRIER ground. A seal provided through the connector between housing, insert, and contacts to inhibit the BARRIER SEAL ingress of contaminants. A connuous secon of dielectric material that insulates electr ical circuits from each other or BARRIER STRIP from ground. A material from which the connector or contact components are m ade and on which one or more BASE MATERIAL metals or coatings may be deposited. Metal from which the connector, contact, or metal accessory is made and on which one or more BASIS METAL metals or coating may be deposited. BASE METAL (See BASIS METAL). The number used to identify contacts for use in military specification type connectors, whose BASIC IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (BIN) performance is governed by the requirements set forth in SAE AS39029. BASIS MATERIAL Material upon which coangs are deposited. BASIS METAL The metal from which a connector, contact, terminal, or splice is made. A quick coupling mechanism ulizing pins or keys on one connect or half and ramps on the BAYONET COUPLING corresponding connector half. (Ref: MILDTL38999 Series I and II and ITT Cannon's CIR.) The specially shaped metallic parts of an insulaon displacemen t terminaon posioned on each BEAM (IDC) side of the slot. BELLIED MOUTH (See BARREL CHAMFER) A flared or widened entrance of a contact or connector that allows easier insertion. Normally used BELLMOUTH on test connectors; also used to facilitate blind mating. A connector contact, that is a flat spring, folded to provide a uniform spring rate over the full BELLOWS CONTACT tolerance range of the mating unit. A term referring to kind and/or favorable conditions that cause little or no effect or degradation on BENIGN ENVIRONMENT an item; a controlled environment. The alloying and hardening of copper with the addition of the metal beryllium. This alloy is used extensively for electrical contact base metal because of its hardness and ability to withstand BERYLLIUM COPPER numerous flexures without relaxation or loss of its spring constant. Assembly of three contacts consisng of two inner contacts arra nged parallel to one another with the third contact peripheral to, and encircling the two inner contacts, enabling termination of BIFILAR CONTACT (TWINAX) screened/shielded twisted pair cables. Pertaining to lengthwise slotting of a flat spring contact used in printed circuit card edge BIFURCATED connectors. BIFURCATE CONNECTOR A hermaphrodic connector containing fork‐shaped mang contacts . A flat contact with a lengthwise slot, the two arms of which app ly contact force in the same BIFURCATED CONTACT direction. A fixed terminal of the type to which conductors are connected b y means of mechanical BINDING POST compression. A defect in stranded wire where the strands in the stripped por on between the insulated covering wire and a soldered connection (or an end tinned lead) have separated from the normal BIRDCAGE lay of the strands. The me interval between the successive like edges of the clock signal (rise to rise or fall to fall). BIT PERIOD This is the reciprocal of the clock frequency. BLADE CONTACT A solid contact with a rectangu lar crosssecon, usually with a chamfered mang edge. An unprocessed or parally processed piece of base material or metalclad base material, cut BLANK (PRINTED CIRCUIT) from a sheet or panel and having the rough dimensions of a printed board. Allows both connector halves to be joined in a normal engaging mode when either one or both BLIND MATE connectors are concealed. A localized swelling and separao n between any of the layers of a laminate base material, or BLISTER between base material and conductive foil or protective coating. (It is a form of delamination.) BOARD MOUNTED CONNECTOR A connector suitable for being permanently aached to a printed wiring board. BOARD THICKNESS The overall thickness of the base material and all conducve ma terials deposited thereon. The main poron of a connector consisng of the housing and ins ulator/insert assembly to which BODY, CONNECTOR contacts and accessories are attached. The force per unit area required to separate two adjacent layer s of a printed circuit board by a BOND STRENGTH force applied perpendicular to the board surface. A connector assembly in which the components are bonded togethe r using an electrically appropriate adhesive in a sandwich like structure to provide sealing against moisture and other BONDED ASSEMBLY environment, which weaken electrical insulating properties. A cable or strap that provides an electrical path for the purpo ses of providing a current path for safety and/or shielding grounds, to prevent shock or spark hazards, and to provide a low BONDING CONDUCTOR impedance path for EMI/RFI. A device used to connect exposed metal to ground. It normally carries no current, but is used as a current path to eliminate shock or spark hazards and insure the operation of circuit protective BONDING CONNECTOR devices in the case of breakdown. A protecve covering or connector accessory, usually made of a flexible or semirigid insulaon material, designed to house wire/cable terminations as a protective device, facilitate harness BOOT direction, and provide a moisture seal when bonded or used as a potting form. An electrical connecon between a wire and a sharp‐cornered pos t in which the wire is laid parallel to the length of the post and adjacent to its wider face. The wire is secured to the post by tightly wrapping several turns of a separate solid wire around the post and the wire to be secured. Each turn of the wrapping wire contacts the bound wire producing deformation in it and also locks BOUND CONNECTION on at least two corners of the post. The deviaon from flatness of a b oard characterized by a roughly cylindrical or spherical curvature BOW such that, if the board is rectangular, its four corners are in the same plane. A connector designed to be mounted in a panel or box where no a ccessories will be mounted on BOX MOUNT the rear of the connector. This type of connector will not have rear accessory threads. A woven or braided sheath made from conducve or nonconducve m aterial, used as a covering for an insulated conductor or group of insulated conductors. When flattened it may be used as a BRAID grounding strap. BRANCH CONNECTOR A connector that joins a branch conductor to the main conductor at a specified angle. An alloy of 50 to 90 percent coppe r and 5 to 50 percent zinc. Used to manufacture electrical contact elements. This material has a hardness, which is greater than copper but less than BRASS beryllium copper. A connector designed to separate when a specified force is appli ed to the cable, without damage BREAKAWAY CONNECTOR to the cable or the connector. The electrical potenal necessary to cause the passage of a spe cific electric current through an BREAKDOWN VOLTAGE insulator or insulating material. A quick coupling mechanism ulizin g rifle breech style machined valleys and plateaus on each half BREECH‐LOCK COUPLING of the connector pair to facilitate and maintain coupling. (Ref: MIL‐DTL‐38999 Series IV.) BRIDGING, ELECTRICAL The formaon of a conducve path between conductors. BUFFER, FIBER A layer of material, which is used to provide mechanical protec on for the opcal fiber. A group of wires fastened or held together by auxiliary means s uch as straps, es, clamps, lacing BUNDLE tape/twine or flexible wrappings (jackets) or sheaths, also called cable. BUSING The joining of two or more circu its to provide a common electrical connecon. BUTT To join two conductors together endtoend without overlap, with their axes being collinear. A mang contact configuraon in which the mang surfaces engage end to end but do not BUTT CONTACT overlap, with their axis in line.

BUTT SPLICE A device for joining conductors end‐to‐end with their axis in l ine and not overlapping. (See SPLICE) BUTTING CONNECTOR A connector that is basically cylindrical and has a mang face with a basically circular periphery. Crimping dies so designed that t he opposing die faces touch at the closed condion of the BUTTING DIES crimping cycle. Also called bottoming dies. A set of compressed, randomly crumpled, springy, highly conduc ve wire elements shaped in the form of a thick buttons, housed in a connector body to form a multiple of pressure butt‐type BUTTON BOARD CONNECTOR contacts. A contact with a curved, hook‐like terminaon oen located at t he rear of hermec headers to BUTTON HOOK CONTACT facilitate soldering or desoldering of leads. BUTTON‐HOOK TERMINAL (See TERMINAL, HOOK) Two or more insulated conductors, solid or stranded, contained in a common covering, or two or more insulated connectors twisted or molded together without a common covering, such as a CABLE shield and/or jacket. A part of a connector or an accessory consisting of a rigid housing for attachment of the connector body. It may incorporate provisions for a cable clamp or seal for terminating cable shields and CABLE ADAPTER provide shielding to electrical interference. It may be straight or angled. A connector accessory or poron o f a component that is designed to grip the wire or cable to provide strain relief and absorb mechanical stress that would otherwise be transmitted to the CABLE CLAMP termination. A mechanical adapter that aaches to the rear of a plug or rece ptacle to allow the aachment of CABLE CLAMP ADAPTER a cable clamp. CABLE SEAL A device designed to seal a jacketed cable to a component. A device consisng of a gland nut and sealing member designed t o seal around a single jacketed CABLE SEALING CLAMP cable, providing an environmental seal. A connector accessory device cons isng of a sealing member and cable support designed to CABLE SHIELDING CLAMP terminate the shield of the electrical cable at the connector. A flexible accessory or a part of a component placed around the cable to minimize flexing of the CABLE SUPPORT SLEEVE cable at the point of entry into the component. CANTILEVERED CONTACT A spring contact in which the contact force is provided by one or more canlevered springs. That property of a system of conductors and dielectrics, that p ermits the storage of electricity when potential differences exist between the conductors. Its value is expressed as the ratio of the electrostatic charge on a conductor to the potential difference between the conductors required to CAPACITANCE maintain that charge. CAPACITIVE COUPLING The electrical interacon between two conductors caused by the capacitance between them. The opposion of capacitance to alternang current, equal to th e reciprocal of the product of the

angular frequency of the current times the capacitance. Symbol: XC The imaginary part of CAPACITIVE REACTANCE impedance due to capacitance. A mul‐part fastener, usually screw‐type, whose components are retained without separaon CAPTIVE DEVICE when loosened from its base assembly. A fastener, usually screwtype, whose components are retained wi thout separaon when CAPTIVE DEVICE‐FASTENERS loosened from its base assembly. CAPTIVE HARDWARE Hardware, that is held in place by some mechanical means A connector designed to have a printed wiring board inserted in to the connector, to make contact CARD EDGE CONNECTOR with the printed wiring on the board. The lengthwise opening in a printed circuit edge connector that receives the printed circuit board. CAVITY (also see CONTACT CAVITY) The nominal distance between the centers of adjacent features o n any single layer of a printed CENTER‐TO‐CENTER SPACING board. Verificaon that specified training or tesng has been performed, and required proficiencies or CERTIFICATION parameter values have been attained. The angle on the inside edge of barrel entrance of a connector that permits easier inseron of the CHAMFER cable into the barrel. The rao of voltage to current in a propagang wave, i.e., the impedance that is offered to this wave at any point of the line. (In printed boards its value depends on the width of the conductor, the distance from the conductor to ground planes, and the dielectric constant of the media CHARACTERISTIC IMPEDANCE between them.) CIRCULAR CONNECTOR A connector that is basically cir cular and has a mang face with a basically circular periphery. A type of crimp where the crimping dies completely surround a b arrel resulng in a symmetrical CIRCUMFERENTIAL CRIMP reshaping of the barrel. Some circumferential crimps are oval, hexagonal, circular, etc. The interconnecon of a number of electrical elements and/or de vices performing a desired CIRCUIT electrical function. CIRCUIT LAYER A layer of a printed board containing conductors, including gro und and voltage planes. A crack or void in the plang extending around the enre circum ference of a platedthrough hole, in the solder fillet around the lead wire, in the solder fillet around an eyelet, or at the interface CIRCUMFERENTIAL SEPARATION between a solder fillet and a land. A condion of the base material to which a relavely thin layer or sheet of metal has been CLAD bonded to one or both sides, i.e., a metal clad base material. That part of a fiber, that concentrically surrounds the core of the fiber and has a lower refracve CLADDING, FIBER index than the core. A method of applying a layer of metal over another metal whereby the juncon of the two metals CLADDING, METAL is continuously welded. A hole in the conducve paern larger than, but coaxial with, a hole in the printed board base CLEARANCE HOLE material. CLIP A resilient device, that deflects on mang to produce a connecon. CLIP CONNECTION A connecon made by a clip. CLIP POST A terminaon to accept a clip connecon. The arrangement of connector inserts, jack‐screws, polarizing p ins/sockets, keys/keyways, or CLOCKING housing configurations to prevent the mismating or cross mating of connectors. CLOSED CRIMP BARREL A crimp barrel with a closed shape before crimping. CLOSED END SPLICE A splice, open at one end only, designed to terminate two or more conductors. (See SPLICE) A design that limits the size of mating parts to a specified dimension. Usually used in reference to CLOSED ENTRY pin and socket contacts. A socket or contact cavity desig n in which the insert or body of the connector limits the size or CLOSED ENTRY CONTACT position of the mating contact or printed wiring board to a predetermined maximum dimension. That part of the fiber that surrounds the cladding and provides physical protecon from exposure COATING, FIBER to the atmosphere. The construcon of a connector, contact, or cable with an inner conductor surrounded by a dielectric that in turn, is enclosed in an outer conductor that also acts as a shield. A protective jacket usually covers the outer conductor of a cable and also acts as an insulator. Compare to COAXIAL CONSTRUCTION Triaxial. The incremental linear dimensiona l change of a material per unit change in temperature, usually COEFFICIENT OF THERMAL EXPANSION expressed as parts per million or in inches per inch per degree.

COINED The pressure forming into a parcular shape of a conducng mate rial or conducng metal alloy. Permanent deformaon of material due to mechanical force or pressure (not due to heat COLD FLOW softening). COLD WELD A weld achieved by pressure only, without electrical current or elevated temperature. COLD WORK Hardening and embrilement of metal due to repeated stress aco n. A system for the idenficaon of components, wires, contacts, ma terials, tools and related CODING devices by means of color. A feature set that results in connectors being intermountable, intermatable and of idencal COMPATIBLE CONNECTORS performance. COMPLIANT PRESS‐IN TERMINATION A press‐in terminaon having a compliant press‐in secon. A separate ring, within the backshell assembly, that is chamfer ed to provide an environmental COMPRESSION RING seal by compressing the rear grommet. An individual part or combinaon of parts that, when interconnected, perform a design COMPONENT function(s). An idenfiable part of a component, that is an assembly of indiv idual elements. In the case of a connector the component elements are the individual parts of the connector assembly, such as the COMPONENT ELEMENT contacts, insulator body, shell, etc. A hole used for aachment and electrical connecon of component terminaons, including pins COMPONENT HOLE and wires, to the printed board. The act of aaching a component to a printed board, or the manner in which it is aached, or COMPONENT MOUNTING both. The direcon in which the components on a printed board or othe r assembly are lined up COMPONENT MOUNTING ORIENTATION electrically with respect to the polarity of polarized components, or with respect to one another. COMPONENT PIN A component lead that is not rea dily formable without damage. COMPONENT SIDE The primary side of a singlesided assembly. A connector, that has its structural shell, constructed of eith er reinforcedpolymeric materials, metal matrix composite materials, or combinations of polymeric resins and non‐polymeric materials used in lieu of what would ordinarily require an allm etal shell. The connector may or COMPOSITE CONNECTOR may not have a conductive element, component and/or finish. A connector crimped by an externally applied force; the conductor is also crimped by such force inside the tube‐like connector body. Compression connectors are in very intimate contact with the COMPRESSION CONNECTOR two ends of the conductors being spliced. The maximum compressive stress a material is capable of sustain ing. For materials that do not fail COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH by a shattering fracture, the value is arbitrary, depending on the distortion allowed. In a wire or cable, the degree to which the locaon of the geom etric center of the conductor CONCENTRICITY coincides with the geometric center of the surrounding insulation. CONCENTRIC CONTACT A set of coaxial contacts providing independent circuits throug h a single mechanical assembly. CONDITIONING Time‐limited exposure of a test specimen to a specified environm ent(s) prior to tesng. The reciprocal of resistance. It is the ratio of current (I) passing through a material to the potential difference (V) at its ends. The measure of a materials ability to conduct electric charge. The real part of the complex representation of CONDUCTANCE (G) admittance. A thin sheet of metal that may c over one or both sides of a base material and is intended for CONDUCTIVE FOIL forming the conductive pattern. The configuraon or design of the conducve material on the base material. (This includes conductors, lands, vias, heatsinks, and passive components when these are an integral part of the CONDUCTIVE PATTERN printed board manufacturing process.) The ability of a material to conduct electric current. It is ex pressed in terms of the current density CONDUCTIVITY (J) per unit of applied electric field (E). It is the reciprocal of resistivity. CONDUCTOR An electrical currentcarrying material; the conducve element i n an electrical wire. A device or design feature on a terminal, splice, contact, or tool, which correctly posions the CONDUCTOR STOP conductor on the conductor barrel. CONDUCTOR PULL‐OUT FORCE Same as CONDUCTOR TENSILE FORCE The force required to destroy a terminaon by separang a condu ctor from its terminal end by CONDUCTOR TENSILE FORCE exerting an axial pull. CONDUIT ADAPTER An accessory to secure a connector to a conduit. CONFIGURATION Specific configuraon and arrangement of contacts in a mulplecon tact connector. A crimp that remains within the OD of the original barrel. It i s usually idenfied by two crescent‐ CONFINED CRESCENT CRIMP shaped forms on the top and bottom of the wire barrel crimp. An insulang protecve coang th at conforms to the configuraon of the object coated, usually CONFORMAL COATING applied to the complete PC board assembly. CONNECTION A physical interface between conductors and/or contacts to prov ide an electrical path. The specially shaped opening in a n insulaon displacement terminaon suitable to displace the insulation of a wire and to insure a gas‐tight connection between the termination and the CONNECTION SLOT (IDC) conductor(s) of the wire. A component used to provide rapid connect/disconnect service be tween electrical wire, cable, CONNECTOR fiber, and printed wiring boards, and configured to properly terminate to these elements. CONNECTOR AREA That poron of printed wiring us ed for the purpose of providing external electrical connecons. A connector with attached accessories as it exists in the final assembly on a system; e.g., connector CONNECTOR ASSEMBLY with backshell, cable clamp, contacts, and dust cover. CONNECTOR BLOCK A connector housing. A connector, less its contacts, terminaon elements, and access ories required to make a complete CONNECTOR BODY connector assembly. A connector into which the edge of a printed wiring card is ins erted so as to make electrical CONNECTOR, EDGE CARD contact with conductive traces located on the circuit board. A device, either a plug or a receptacle, that is used to termin ate individual electrical conductors, CONNECTOR, ELECTRICAL and provides a means to continue the conductors to a mating connection device. CONNECTOR FRONT The side of a connector that is the mang face. CONNECTOR, HERMAPHRODITIC A connector that has features enabling it to be mated with an i dencal connector. CONNECTOR HOUSING The part of a connector into which the insert and contacts are loaded. CONNECTOR INSERT An insulang element designed to support and posion contacts i n a connector housing. CONNECTOR INSERTION LOSS The loss of power due to inseron of a mated connector into a c able. CONNECTOR INTERFACE The two surfaces of mang connectors that face each other when mated. CONNECTOR MATED SET A parcular combinaon of mang connectors.

A family of connector inserts that are uniform in external dime nsions, but have the ability of each CONNECTOR MODULE accepting different types of contacts or having different contact densities or configurations. An electrical connector, intended to be aached to the free end of a conductor, wire, cable CONNECTOR, PLUG bundle, or a printed circuit board that couples or mates to a receptacle connector. CONNECTOR REAR The wiring side of a connector. An electrical connector, generally mounted or installed onto a fixed structure such as a panel, CONNECTOR, RECEPTACLE electrical case or chassis, that couples or mates to a plug connector.

A connector that is generally mounted onto a printed wiring boa rd and whose contacts are CONNECTOR, RIGHT ANGLE inserted into a matching pattern of plated through holes in the circuit board and soldered in place. Two or more separate plug and receptacle connectors designed to be mated together. The set may include mixed connectors mated together, such as one plug connector and one dummy CONNECTOR SET, ELECTRICAL receptacle connector, or one receptacle connector and one dummy plug connector. The case that encloses the connector insert and contact assembl y. Shells of mang connectors CONNECTOR SHELL can protect projecting contacts and provide proper alignment. A cable outlet specifically designed to terminate the cable brai d and provide shielding to CONNECTOR SHIELD electromagnetic interference. CONNECTOR STYLE A parcular connector within a type, e.g., rectangular, circula r, trapezoidal. The component element (part) that connects the individual conta cts to the conductors being CONNECTOR TERMINATION ELEMENT terminated in the connector. Usually an integral part of the contact elements. Connector with a parcular sub‐family, e.g. edgeboard connector , a mated set comprising a board CONNECTOR TYPE mounted connector and its counterpart, etc.

An electrical connector, used to connect a cable to a vehicle s uch as an aircra or rocket, that is CONNECTOR, UMBILICAL mated prior to or during initial movement or launching of the vehicle, and unmates during launch. Variaon within a connector type and style or within a group of related connectors, e.g. number CONNECTOR VARIANT of contacts, polarization, terminations, etc. The conducve or transmissive element in a connector that makes actual contact with a similar CONTACT conductive or transmissive element in a mating connector for the purpose of transferring energy. A requirement for overall side play that contacts shall have wi thin the insert cavity so as to permit CONTACT ALIGNMENT self alignment of mated contacts. Sometimes referred to as amount of contact float. CONTACT ACTIVE AREA See “Contact Area”. The area in contact between two conducve elements through whic h electrical current flow can CONTACT AREA take place. CONTACT ARRANGEMENT The number, spacing and arrangement of contacts in a connector. An actuated contact surface where a contact travels on the surf ace of its mang contact during the actuation cycle then moves back to a clean wiped surface at the completion of the actuation or CONTACT BACK WIPE engagement cycle. A contact that is a flat broad contact whose width is significant ly larger than it’s thickness with a CONTACT, BLADE lead in chamfer. It is designed to mate with a socket and receptacle contact. CONTACT CAVITY A defined hole in the connector b ody itself into which the contact must fit. CONTACT CHATTER Connector ohmic disconnuies. Endurance measured by the number of mang inserons and withdrawal cycles that a connector CONTACT DURABILITY withstands while remaining within its specified performance levels. The electrically conducve element in a connector or other devi ce that mates with a CONTACT, ELECTRICAL corresponding element to provide an electrical path or circuit. CONTACT ENGAGING AND SEPARATING Forces resulng from engaging or separang individual contacts with either the mang contact or FORCES gauge pins, also referred to as individual insertion and withdrawal forces. CONTACT EXTRACTION FORCE The axial force required to extract a removal contact from a c omponent. The overall side‐to‐side play, a xial movement, and/or angular displacement of contacts within the CONTACT FLOAT insert cavity. The normal force (90 degrees) that exists between engaged conta ct surfaces. Frequently CONTACT FORCE misidenfied as contact pressure. CONTACT, HERMAPHRODITIC An electrical contact that has features that enable it to be ma ted with an idencal contact. The force required to insert or remove a contact from its housi ng with or without the aid of CONTACT INSERTION and REMOVAL FORCES insertion or removal tools. A hole in the cylindrical rear poron of a contact used to chec k the depth to which a wire has CONTACT INSPECTION HOLE been inserted. A chamfered or flared poron of a socket or receptacle contact t o facilitate inseron of a pin CONTACT LEAD‐IN contact. Length of travel made by one contact in contact with another du ring assembly or disassembly of a CONTACT LENGTH connector. Sometimes called Contact Mating Length. Also see Wiping Action A diametrical contact designed to mater with a socket or recept acle contact. May be hollow or CONTACT, PIN solid, rigid contact. The deposit of metal applied to t he basic contact metal surface to provide the required contact‐ CONTACT PLATING resistance and/or wear resistance. In most connectors the maximum number of contacts that can be a cvely engaged. In edge connectors the number of contact positions along the length of the connector, as opposed to the CONTACT POSITIONS total number of contacts. Also see Readout. CONTACT, POST A square contact designed to mate with a socket or receptacle c ontact. It is a solid structure. The electrical resistance of a pair of engaged contacts. Resis tance may be measured in ohms or as CONTACT RESISTANCE a voltage drop at a specified current through the engaged contacts. CONTACT RETAINER (CLIP) A device either on the contact or in the housing that retains t he contact in an insert or body. The provision or means in an electrical connector by which the contacts are retained. The ability CONTACT RETENTION of a connector to retain contacts. The axial load in either direcon that a contact can withstand without being dislodged from its CONTACT RETENTION FORCE normal position within an insert or body. CONTACT SHOULDER The flanged poron of the contact that limits its travel into th e insert.

Either a single number designator based on the AWG size number most closely corresponding in Circular Mil Area (CMA) to the CMA of the pin contact set, or a double number designator, similarly based whereby the first number corresponds to the CMA of the pin contact, and the second CONTACT SIZE number corresponds to the max wire size accommodated by the contacts termination barrel A contact having an engagement end that will accept entry of a pin contact with the point of CONTACT, SOCKET electrical contact on the inside diameter of contact. CONTACT SPACING The distance between the centers of contacts within an insert. The spring placed inside the socket type contact to force the p in into a posion of posive intimate contact. Depending on the application, various types are used, including leaf, cantilevers, napkinring, squirrel cage, hyperbolic and chinesefinger springs. All of these types perform the CONTACT SPRING function of aiding in wiping and establishing good contact. The distance a contact travels o n the surface of its mang contact during engagement or CONTACT WIPE separation. CONTACT WIRE RANGE The size of conductors accommodated by a parcular conductor ba rrel. The designated RMS alternang or direct current that the connec tor can carry connuously under CONTINUOUS CURRENT RATING specified conditions. A connecon achieved by the acon of inducing crimp indentaons to a ferrule that encircles one CONVENTIONAL CRIMPED CONNECTION or more conducting elements. An alloy in which copper is the predominant element. Generally , the addion of sulfur, lead, or tellurium improves machineability. Cadmium improves tensile strength and wearing qualities. Chromium gives very good mechanical properties at temperatures well above 200 degrees C. Zirconium provides hardness, ductility, strength, and relatively high electrical conductivity at temperatures where copper, and common high conductivity copper alloys tend to weaken. Nickel improves corrosion resistance, while silicon offers much improved mechanical properties. Beryllium, when present in copper alloys, permits maximum strength, while about 0.5% content COPPER ALLOY offers high conductivity. The center region of the fiber th at has a higher refracve index than the cladding surrounding it, CORE, FIBER and through which the optical signal passes. (See FIBER OPTICS) CORROSION The contaminaon/destrucon of the surface of a metal by chemic al reacon. A coupling mechanism ulizing spiral ramps in one cylindrical c onnector half to engage projections in the mating half so as to provide jacking and locking together of the mating halves COUPLING, BAYONET, CYLINDRICAL through limited rotation of the coupling ring. A coupling mechanism that distributes the coupling load over la rge solid metal engaging and locking lands for positive coupling alignment and complete connector mating with a limited COUPLING, BREECH rotation of the coupling ring. COUPLING, QUICK DISCONNECT A design feature that permits relavely rapid joining and separ aon of mang parts. That poron of a connector housi ng that, by rotaon, aids in the mang, capvaon or unmang COUPLING RING of the plug to the receptacle connector. A device that contains means to automacally ensure that a thre aded coupling remains connected, to prevent any accidental decoupling during vibraon and/or shock. A selflocking COUPLING, SELFLOCKING connector is intended to be connected easily, but be more difficult to disconnect. Connecon in which a metal sleeve is secured to a conductor by mechanically crimping the sleeve COUPLING TERMINATION with pliers, presses, or automated crimping machines. A coupling mechanism utilizing matching screw threads for mating and unmating of cylindrical COUPLING, THREADED connectors or other devices. A coupling mechanism ulizing matching screw threads for mang and unmang of cylindrical connectors or devices incorporating automatically actuated locking mechanism to prevent the COUPLING, THREADED SELFLOCKING coupling ring from disengaging under vibration conditions. The force required to rotate a coupling ring or jackscrew when engaging a mang pair of COUPLING TORQUE connectors. A coupling mechanism using a triple start thread for quick conn ector mang with one full turn of COUPLING TRIPLE START, SELFLOCKING the coupling ring. A covering device or material used during storage and transit t o protect connectors, harnesses or assemblies against dust and other foreign matter. It may be of a design that attaches to a connector (see COVER, PROTECTIVE) or may completely envelop a connector, harness or electronic COVER, DUST assembly. An accessory used to cover the ma ng poron of a connector for mechanical, environmental COVER, PROTECTIVE and/or electrical protection. The dimensional change with time of a material under load, following the initial instantaneous elastic deformation; the time‐dependent part of strain resulting from force. Creep at room CREEP temperature is sometimes called cold flow The shortest distance on the sur face of an insulator separang two electrically conducve CREEP DISTANCE surfaces. CREEPAGE The conducon of electricity across the surface of a dielectric . The physical compressing or reshaping of a conductor barrel or ferrule around a conductor, with CRIMP mechanical force, and cold welding, to provide good electrical and mechanical attachment. The mechanism of crimping a wire (CRIMP) into the terminaon barrel of a single contact of a removable pin/socket connector and inserting (AND POKE) the contact into a prescribed contact CRIMP‐AND‐POKE cavity in the connector body. CRIMP ANVIL (NEST) The poron of a crimping die that supports a barrel or ferrule during crimping. A conductor barrel designed to accommodate one or more conducto rs and to be crimped by CRIMP BARREL means of a crimping tool. CRIMPED CONNECTION A connecon made by crimping A contact designed to have a parcular size (or range of sizes) of wire crimped into its CRIMP CONTACT termination, and not designed to have a wire soldered in place. CRIMP INDENTER That poron of the crimping die that indents or reshapes the ba rrel or ferrule. CRIMP INSPECTION HOLE A hole in the conductor barrel to permit visual inspecon of co nductor posion. A sleeve that fits around the stripped conductor and allows for a small wire to fit into a large CRIMP POT ADAPTER gauge crimp pot. The axial force required to separate the wire from the crimped conductor barrel. The wire may CRIMP TENSILE STRENGTH pull out of, or break in, the crimped area of the conductor barrel. That part of the crimping die, u sually the moving poron that indents or compresses the terminal CRIMPER barrels. Also called the Indenter. A method of permanently aaching a terminaon to a conductor by pressure deformaon or by reshaping the termination barrel around the conductor to establish good electrical and mechanical CRIMPING connection. That poron of a crimp barrel where the crimped connecon is achieved by pressure deformaon CRIMPING ZONE or reshaping of the barrel around the conductor.

Connecon in which a metal sleeve is secured to a conductor by mechanically crimping the sleeve with pliers, presses, or automatic crimping machines. Splices, terminals, and multi‐contact CRIMP TERMINATION connectors are typical terminating devices attached by crimping. Suitable for all wire types. Area of a crimping tool, formed by mang the anvil (nest) and t he crimper (indenter), in which a CRIMPING CHAMBER contact or terminal is crimped. That poron of a crimping tool t hat compresses and reshapes the conductor barrel or ferrule to CRIMPING DIES form the crimp. CRIMPING TOOL The device used to perform a crimp. A connector that joins two branch conductors to the main conduc tor. The branch conductors are CROSS CONNECTOR opposite to each other and perpendicular to the main conductor. A crimp that shapes the terminal by pressing the top and boom of the terminal barrel without CROSS CRIMP confining the sides. A technique of measuring contact resistance that eliminates all resistances but the resistance of CROSSED WIRE the contact point. The phenomenon in which a signal transmied on one wire of a ca ble of a transmission system is detectable in an adjacent wire: also known as bleed through. Any undesired energy appearing in CROSSTALK one signal path as a result of coupling from other signal paths. The rao of the signal coupled (induced) into the quiet signal conductor or conductor pair to the magnitude of the signal in the driven conductor or conductor pair. Both signals shall have the CROSSTALK RATIO same units of either voltage or current, and the ratio may be expressed as percent or dB. CURRENT (I) The rate of transfer of electric ity, usually expressed in amperes. The maximum current an insulated conductor can safely carry wit hout exceeding its insulaon CURRENT CARRYING CAPACITY and jacket temperature limitations. The maximum current which a device is designed to conduct for a specified me at a specific CURRENT RATING temperature.

CUTOUT, CONNECTOR A hole or group of holes cut in a panel, case, or chassis for t he purpose of mounng a connector. The term which describes the various methods to protect contact s when not engaged. The most common method uses a cover on the mating ends of connectors that automatically covers the contacts when the connectors are separated. Typical is a spring powered cover that automatically DEAD FACE flips over the faces of the plug and/or receptacle when the two are separated. Mang face of a connector designed so that the contacts are rec essed below the surface of the DEAD FRONT connector insulator body to prevent accidental short circuiting of the connector. The decibel is a logarithmic unit used to express ratios of power and voltage. The logarithmic ratio of power:

The logarithmic ratio of voltage:

DECIBEL (dB) Process of applying a material to a base via vacuum, chemical, electrical, screening, or vapor DEPOSITION methods. DEPTH OF CRIMP The distance the crimp die indenter indents the conductor barre l or ferrule. DIELECTRIC A material having electrical insulang properes. DIELECTRIC BREAKDOWN The voltage required to cause an electrical failure or breakthr ough of the insulaon.

The voltage that an insulang material can withstand before bre akdown occurs, usually expressed DIELECTRIC STRENGTH as a voltage gradient (such as volts per mil). Also called electric strength and disruptive gradient. The voltage that an insulang material can withstand, under spe cified circumstances before breakdown occurs. It is usually expressed as a minimum voltage or a voltage gradient such as volts DIELECTRIC WITHSTANDING VOLTAGE per mil. The impedance between the positive input and the negative input, irrespective of the impedance DIFFERENTIAL IMPEDANCE to ground. (1) The instantaneous algebraic difference between the potential of two signals applied to the two sides of a balanced circuit. Also called metallic voltage in the telephone industry. (2) The instantaneous algebraic difference of two signals applied to a balanced circuit, where both DIFFERENTIAL MODE VOLTAGE signals are referred to a common reference. (1) The instantaneous, algebraic difference between two signals. (2) A signal that is conveyed between two separate conductors, instead of one active conductor and signal ground. The magnitude of the differential signal is the difference between the two DIFFERENTIAL SIGNAL signals, rather than the voltages between the two individual signals and ground. The voltage difference between the true and complementary signal s from a driver with two single‐ ended outputs whose signals always complement each other. Differential signals are also referred DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE SIGNAL to as “balanced signals”. A measure of dimensional change caused by such factors such as temperature, humidity, chemical DIMENSIONAL STABILITY treatment, age or stress, usually expressed as a units/unit. A connector specified by the DIN 41612 specificaon. Developed by the German Instute For Standardization, and the Association of German Engineers. Widely used internationally for DIN CONNECTOR computer backpanel/plug‐in circuit card applications. DISCONNECT A conducve device designed to be separated from its mated part . The process of making electrical connecons, usually to a print ed circuit board, by the use of dipping one side of the board into molten solder, thus soldering the projecting component leads to DIP SOLDER the circuitry printed on the board. DIP SOLDER CONTACTS A contact with a terminaon intended to be bath‐soldered. The terminals (terminaon elements) on a connector that are ins erted into holes in the printed DIP SOLDER TERMINAL circuit board and then soldered into place. For the me domain method, the d rive signal is a step wave form. For the frequency domain DRIVE SIGNAL method, the drive signal is sinusoidal. A connector receptacle housing that does not have provisions fo r aaching conductors. It is DUMMY CONNECTOR generally used for storage of a cable assembly connector plug. A connector device designed to mate with a receptacle connector so as to perform protecve, DUMMY CONNECTOR, PLUG environmental and/or electrical shorting functions. A connector device designed to mate with a plug connector so as to perform protecve, DUMMY CONNECTOR, RECEPTACLE environmental, and cable and harness routing/fitting and storage functions. DUST COVER See COVER, ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR The minimum distance between opposing contacts in an edgeboard connector when a PC board is DYNAMIC GAP rapidly removed. A connector into which the edge of a printed board is inserted to make direct contact to EDGEBOARD CONNECTOR edgeboard contacts. A series of contacts printed on or near any edge of a printed b oard and intended for mang with EDGEBOARD CONTACT any edge connector. One‐piece ‐ connector that mates directly with PC board by slip ping over and gripping the board edge. Connection is made between spring contacts in connector and tabs or contact strips on the EDGE CONNECTORSPRINTED CIRCUIT PC board. PC board acts as half of the connector. The length of contact between the press‐in secon of a press‐in terminaon and the metal plang EFFECTIVE PRESS‐IN LENGTH of the plated‐through hole in a printed board in that the press‐in termination is inserted.

EFFECTIVE WRAPPING LENGTH That poron of a wrap post suita ble and available for the applicaon of the wrapped connecon. A family of plascs oen used in connectors. Any elasc, rubbe rlike molded plasc such as ELASTOMER fluorosilicone or Neoprene that deforms slightly under pressure to act as a seal. A mechanical coupling device that can be engaged or disengaged at will and includes one or more electrical contact elements that provides a path or multiple paths for the conduction of electrical ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR current. The distance a contact travels o n the surface of its mang contact during engagement or ELECTRICAL ENGAGEMENT LENGTH separation. The deposion of conducve material from an auto‐catalyc plan g soluon without applicaon ELECTROLESS DEPOSITION of electrical current.

ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE (EMI) Interference from unintenonally radiang electric sources like motors, diathermy equipment, etc. The electrodeposion of an adherent metal coang on a conducve object for protecon, ELECTROPLATING decoration, or other purposes. ELECTROTINNING Electroplang n on an object. ENCAPSULATING Enclosing an arcle in an envelope of plasc or other similar m aterial. The final poron of the last turn of wire in a wrapped connecon that extends beyond the last END TAIL corner contact. ENGAGEMENT INDICATORS Marks that indicate when a connector is fully engaged.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONNECTOR A connector provided with means f or protecon against moisture, temperature or contaminants. A device that is provided with gaskets, seals, grommets, pong or other means to keep out moisture, dirt, air or dust that might reduce its performance. An environmental seal is not ENVIRONMENTAL SEAL designed to exclude EMI/RFI. The provision or characterisc of a device that enables it to p rotect against the entry of moisture, fluids, and foreign, particulate contaminants that could otherwise affect the performance of the ENVIRONMENTALLY SEALED device. A device used for removing removable contacts (designed to be r eusable/replaceable) from their EXTRACTION TOOL retaining cavity or mechanism. A terminal or tab that is pierced or a closed hook shape, that provides a good mechanical as well EYELET as an electrical connection. An oscilloscope display of synchronized pseudo‐random digital data (signal amplitude versus EYE PATTERN time), showing the superposition of accumulated output waveforms The design feature that fills the voids between the faces of plu g and receptacle when they are fully engaged. This feature provides an environmental seal between the faces of the plug and FACE SEAL receptacle and also increases the dielectric between contacts. The crosstalk rao calculated on the quiet line at or in proximity to the receiving (desnaon) end of the driven line. This is the ratio of the far end quiet line signal amplitude to the near end driven FAR END CROSSTALK RATIO (FEXT) line signal amplitude. A connector, terminal block, or terminal device having conducv e elements accessible from FEED‐THRU opposite sides of an insulator, or a partition for termination or connection with mating devices. A concentric or triaxial contact where the outer contact is fem ale and the center contact(s) may FEMALE CONCENTRIC be male or female. A contact intended to make electrical engagement on its inner s urface and that will accept entry FEMALE CONTACT of a male contact. (1) A short tube used in the rear of a crimp contact to reduce its diameter, to allow the use smaller wire in the contact cavity. (2) A sleeve or tube used in coaxial connectors and contacts for the termination of the shield(s). (3) A sleeve of tube in some fiber optic connectors for the termination of the strength members. FERRULE A single or group of opcal fibers enclosed by a common protecv e jacket and usually including a FIBER OPTIC CABLE strength member. FIBER OPTICS See TIA Fiber Opc Glossary, (hp://www.aonline.org/resources/ telecom‐glossary) A material used to fill the voids in a cable. A filler can be used to maintain the shape of the cable, to maintain the watertight integrity of the cable, or to protect the internal components of the cable FILLER (e.g., wires or fibers). FILTER CONTACT A contact with an integrated filter element included to discrimi nate against certain frequencies. A connector capable of withstanding flame of a specified temperat ure for a specified period of FIREPROOF CONNECTOR time.

FIREWALL A firewall is a fireproof barrier used to prevent the spread of fire between or through a structure. An area that contains flammable material and may also include a source of ignition; e.g. an engine FIRE ZONE compartment. The first conducve element to make physical electrical contact when two connector halves or a FIRST MAKE socket and an electrical component are physically mated together. FIXED CONNECTOR A connector for aachment to a rigid surface. FIXED CONTACT A contact that is permanently included in the insert material d uring molding. (1) A tongue extending from the side of a hermec contact onto that a wire is soldered. (2) A FLAG rectangular tab used in some lug type applications.

FLAG TERMINAL A terminal having a tongue or body projecng at 90 degrees from the side of the terminal barrel. A projecon extending from or around the periphery of a connect or for the purpose of aaching FLANGE, CONNECTOR the connector to a rigid surface or mating connector. A sloed tongue terminal having the ends of the tongue formed u p or down to the tongue plane, so as to form a degree of protection against the terminal slipping out from under its captive FLANGED SPADE TONGUE TERMINAL hardware.

A thin film of material formed at the sides of a forging, casting, or molded part where some of the material is forced out between the faces of the forging dies of the mold halves. Also the excess metal extruded between both halves of crimping dies when making certain circumferential or FLASH symmetrical crimps. Also a thin deposit of plastic material usually at the base of molded‐in pins. The applicaon of extremely thin deposits of a plang material for environmental protecon or as FLASH PLATING a base for a subsequent layer of plating material. FLAT CABLE Any cable with two smooth or corrugated but essenally flat surf aces. A cable designed specifically to terminate flat cable. May be des igned for flat conductor flat cable, FLAT CABLE CONNECTOR or round conductor flat cable. Damage usually occurring where a cable enters the housing, whic h is caused by the sharp bending of the cable. A flex relief restricts the concentration of flexing forcing the cable to bend over a FLEX DAMAGE wider arc. A random arrangement of printed wiring ulizing flexible base ma terial with or without flexible FLEXIBLE PRINTED WIRING cover layers. The strength of a material in bending expressed as the tensile stress of the outermost fibers of a FLEXURAL STRENGTH bent test sample at the instant of failure. A design feature that aids in the alignment of plug and recepta cle shells during engagement. The floating bushing generally is an eyelet type bushing that is fitted into the plug mounting holes so FLOATING BUSHING that there is freedom of movement in all directions between the plug and receptacle. A fixed connector with mounng means perming limited movement t o facilitate alignment with FLOAT MOUNTING the mating connector. A sleeve used to compress the grommet, thus ghtening the seal around the wire entering the FOLLOWER connector. FORCE, CONTACT ENGAGING The force required to fully engage a pair of contacts. The minimum allowable force that, if applied axially in either direcon on a contact, does not displace the contact permanently from its normal position in the connector or jeopardize or FORCE, CONTACT RETENTION damage the contact retention provision. FORCE, CONTACT SEPARATION The force required to separate a pair of fully mated contacts. The minimum allowable force that, if applied to the mang face of a connector insert, does not displace the insert permanently from its normal position in the connector housing or jeopardize or FORCE, INSERTION RETENTION damage the insert or connector housing retention provision. In the case of a mulple contact connector having a removable body or insert, the frame is the surrounding portion (usually metal) that supports the insert and permits a method for mounting FRAME the connector to a panel or mating connector half. FREE CONNECTOR A connector for aachment to the free end of a wire or cable. FREE COUPLER CONNECTOR A connector that mates with a free connector in a cable‐to‐cabl e applicaon. FRESNEL REFLECTIONS LOSSES Losses incurred at the terminus interface due to refracve inde x differences. A condion where slight movement between mated surfaces occurs, connually exposing fresh metal. As the freshly exposed metal oxidizes, the oxidation builds up until electrical continuity is FRETTING CORROSION broken. A connector mounted with its mounng flange posioned in front o f the mounng surface when FRONT MOUNTED looking at the mating face or front side of the connector. Connector contacts that are released with a tool from the front side of the connector and then removed from the back (wiring side) of the connector. The removal tool engages the front portion FRONT RELEASE CONTACTS of the contact and pushes it out the back where it is removed by hand. Controls placed on the crimping cycle of crimping tools forcing the tool to be closed to its fullest FULL CYCLE CONTROL extent, forcing completion of the crimping cycle before the tool can be opened. Flared or widened entrance to a terminal or connector wire barrel that offers easier conductor FUNNEL ENTRY insertion, and assurance that all wire strands are directed into the wire barrel. GAGE A term used to denote the physical size of a wire. Also spelle d gauge. Forcible mechanical erosion of material, usually in the couplin g mechanism, that can cause GALLING connectors to become cold welded or corroded together. A connector that permits the rapid and simultaneous disconnec on of two or more electrical GANG DISCONNECT circuits. A contact system that ulizes so metals at low contact pressur e or hard metals at high contact pressure so that the mating metals are upset and the resultant joint seals and prevents GAS TIGHT contaminant gases from entering the contact area. The part of the contact area formed at the corners of the post that are not affected by gases GAS‐TIGHT AREA (wrap post) under specified conditions. GENERAL PURPOSE A connector designed to have multiple uses, and to be low cost; nonapplication specific. A very malleable, ductile, high conductivity, yellow metal, that is impervious to most chemicals. This metal is commonly used as a surface plating for contact to enhance contact performance and GOLD provide a surface that is impervious to most environmental contaminants. GRID SPACED CONTACTS Contacts in a mulple contact connector which are spaced in a g eometric paern. Slot or cavity in a connector that bears directly on the cable. Also the depression in a crimping die GROOVE that holds the connector during crimping. An elastomeric or plasc sealing device that supports and prote cts terminaons and wires/cables GROMMET from adverse mechanical and environmental conditions. A part of a component or accessory used to compress the grommet and/or reduce the GROMMET FERRULE transmission of torque to the grommet. GROMMET NUT A part of a component or an accessory used to retain the gromme t or grommet and follower. GROMMET WIRE RANGE The range of diameters of wire insulaon accommodated by a grom met. GROUNDING CONDUCTOR A conductor that provides a current path from an electrical dev ice to ground. A conducng connecon between an electrical circuit and the ear th or other large conducng GROUND (GRD) body to serve as an earth, thus making a complete electrical circuit. A specially shaped part of a component that guides/inserts the wires into the slots and can also be GUIDING BLOCK used to correctly position the two halves of a connector to ensure proper mating. A pin or rod extending beyond the mang faces of a connector de signed to guide the mang of GUIDE PIN the connector that works to ensure proper alignment and engagement of the contacts. A socket or hole in a connector designed to accept a guide pin of a mang connector and thereby position and guide the connectors during mating so as to ensure proper engagement of the GUIDE SOCKET contacts. GUSSET The transion between the terminal tongue and the conductor bar rel. Hardware usually means shells, guide pins, polarizing pins, str ain relief clamps, mounng screws, HARDWARE etc. A group of wires or cables routed together with or without aached components and secured in a HARNESS manner to provide a preshaped electrical wire or cable assembly. HEAD ASSEMBLY A posioner designed to aach to a crimping tool in place of a turret head. A header is a feedthrough device that introduces a conductive path(s) through a panel or other HEADER planar surface. HEAT DISTORTION The deformaon of a material due to the applicaon of heat. The me of heat exposure a mater ial can withstand before failing a specific physical test. Heat HEAT ENDURANCE endurance is an important consideration during oven or vapor phase soldering of terminations. Heang a circuit over a period of me to allow all parts of the package and circuit to stabilize at HEAT SOAK the same temperature. A connector in which both mang members are exactly alike at th eir mang face. There are no HERMAPHRODITIC CONNECTOR male or female members. A contact design that is neither pin nor socket and which mates with other contacts of the same HERMAPHRODITIC CONTACT design. e.g., tuning fork, brush contact, butt contact, etc. A connector that has its contacts bonded in place, usually with fused glass, which permits a HERMETIC CONNECTOR pressure differential to be placed across the connector without it leaking or bypassing. Hermecally sealed connectors are usually mulple contact conne ctors where the contacts are bonded to the connector by fused glass or other material and permit a maximum leakage rate of HERMETIC SEAL 1.0 micron ft. per hour. HERTZIAN Calculaon of weight distributed over a cross seconal area (po int of contact) in ksi or MPa. Stress expressed in pounds per square inch, or equivalent, that is developed during the elasc deformation phase of establishing contact. The stress is a result of normal force and the geometry HERTZIAN STRESS of the contact and the modulus of elasticity of the contact material. HIGH ORDER MODE A propagaon path that makes a relavely large angle with respe ct to the fiber axis. HOLDING STRENGTH Ability of a connector to remain assembled to a cable when unde r tension. HOOD A shroud or enclosure aached to and surrounding a connector. HOOK TONGUE TERMINAL A terminal with a hook shaped tongue. The tension in the wire induced by the wrapping operaon and ma intained by the wire being HOOP STRESS (wire wrap) locked on the corners of the post. A connector that may be installed or removed by means of an ins ulated sck while the conductor HOT‐LINE CLAMP is energized. Also called Live‐Line Connector. HOUSING, ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR The poron of a connector into which the insert is assembled. A lso called shell. A seal provided between the housings to prevent the ingress of moisture and contaminants into HOUSING SEAL the interior of connectors when mated. HYGROSCOPIC Capable of absorbing moisture from the air. The chemical deposion of a thin metallic coang over certain b ase metals by a paral IMMERSION PLATING displacement of the base metal. The total opposion that a circuit offers to the flow of alterna ng current or to any other varying current at a particular frequency. It is a combination of resistance (R) and reactance (X), measured in ohms (). The equation for impedance as a function of s‐parameters is:

where, Z = total impedance

Z0 = characteristic impedance of the transmission line

S11 = input impedance IMPEDANCE rho = (See Reflection Coefficient) INCLUSION A foreign parcle in the conducve layer, plang, or base mater ial. The part of a crimping tool, usually the moving part, which com presses indentaons into the INDENTER contact conductor barrel. The property of a circuit or circuit element that opposes a cha nge in current flow. Inductance INDUCTANCE causes current changes to lag behind voltage changes. Inductance is measured in henrys. The opposion of inductance to alternang current, equal to the product of the angular frequency of the current times the self‐inductance. Symbol: XL The imaginary part of the impedance due to the inductance. The equation for inductive reactance is:

where:

X L = is the inductive reactance, measured in ohms ω = is the angular frequency, measured in radians per second f = is the frequency, measured in hertz INDUCTIVE REACTANCE L is the inductance, measured in henries Radiaon energy with a wavelength longer than that of visible l ight used for surface mount reflow INFRARED (IR) heating/soldering. A material that prevents or delays oxidaon and galvanic acon on a connector surface or the INHIBITOR interface of different conductors.

IN‐LINE A receptacle connector designed not to be mounted, usually used in extension cord applicaons. INSERT, ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR The insulang element of a connector that supports and posions the contacts. INSERT ARRANGEMENT The number, spacing, and arrangement of contacts in a connector . INSERT CAVITY A defined hole in the connector insert into which the contacts a re inserted. Axial load in either direcon that an insert must withstand wit hout being dislocated from its INSERT RETENTION normal position in the connector shell. The power loss in a transmission cable assembly or system caused by the installaon of a component such as a connector, splice, or coupler; typically measured in decibels (dB). It includes losses incurred by the specimen and mismatch losses at the input and output of the specimen. When the impedance of the specimen matches that of the specimen environment impedance INSERTION LOSS “insertion loss” = “attenuation”. INSERTION TOOL A device used to insert contacts into a connector. A hole located in the contact barrel that permits inspecon to determine that the conductor is properly located before crimping and that the conductor is properly located after crimping, thus INSPECTION HOLE ensuring a proper termination. A terminal having its conductor barrel and insulaon support, i f any, covered with a dielectric INSULATED TERMINAL material. Material having a high resistance to the flow of electric curren t, that is used to prevent leakage of INSULATION current from a conductor. INSULATION BARREL The part of a terminal end that accommodates but does not secur e the cable insulaon. A raised or recessed configuraon of the insulator to increase c reepage distance between INSULATION BARRIER conducting surfaces. INSULATION CRIMP The physical reshaping of an insulaon sleeve to close or compress around the wire insulaon. A mass terminaon connector for flat cable with contacts that di splace the conductor insulaon INSULATION DISPLACEMENT CONNECTOR to establish simultaneous contact with all conductors. A solderless electrical connecon made by inserng a single wir e into a precisely controlled slot in a termination such that the sides of the slot displace the insulation and deforms the conductor of a INSULATION DISPLACEMENT CONNECTION solid wire or strands of stranded wire to produce a gas‐tight connection A terminaon designed to accept a wire for the purpose of estab lishing an insulaon INSULATION DISPLACEMENT TERMINATION displacement connection. That poron of an insulaon barrel that, when closed or compres sed around the conductor INSULATION GRIP insulation, makes contact with and provides support for the insulation on the cable. A crimping method in which lances pierce wire insulaon, enter into the strands and make INSULATION PIERCING electrical contact without stripping the insulation. A terminal having a barrel with a design that displaces the wir e insulaon and makes contact with INSULATION PIERCING TERMINAL the enclosed conductor. The rao of the applied voltage to the total current between tw o electrodes in contact with a INSULATION RESISTANCE specific insulation, usually expressed in megohms per 1000 feet. That poron of a barrel, similar to an insulaon grip, except i t is not meant to be compressed INSULATION SUPPORT around the conductor's insulation. A component is interchangeable when it meets the original perfo rmance specificaons and is intermountable. In the case of connectors, interchangeability applies only to connector mated sets, INTERCHANGEABLE since individual connectors are not necessarily intermatable. INTERCONNECTING CABLE The wiring between modules, units or other parts of the system. INTERCONNECTION Mechanically joining devices together to complete an electrical circuit. The two surfaces on the contact side of mang connectors or plu gin component (e.g., relay) and INTERFACE receptacle, that face each other when mated. INTERFACIAL GAP Any gap between the faces of mated inserts. A conductor that connects conducve paerns on opposite sides o f a PC board or other base. INTERFACIAL CONNECTION May be accomplished with a plated through‐hole.

The juncon that is formed by th e faces of two mang halves of a connector. This juncon can be INTERFACIAL JUNCTION tightly compressed or loose, depending upon the requirements of the application of the connector.

Sealing of a twopiece connector over the whole area of the inte rface to provide environmental sealing around each contact. This is usually done by providing a soft elastomeric insert material INTERFACIAL SEAL that comes under compression when both halves of the connector are in their fully mated position. An electrical connecon between conducve paerns in different l ayers of a mullayer printed INTERLAYER CONNECTION circuit board. A connector that is capable of being connected electrically and mechanically to another INTERMATABLE CONNECTOR connector, but without regard to its performance and intermountability. Two connectors are intermountable when their mechanical mounng parameters are idencal INTERMOUNTABLE without regard to intermatability or interchangeability. INTRACONNECTIONS The joining of elements within devices. A reference fixture without a test sample and with idencal cros stalk characteriscs as the test ISOLATION STANDARD fixture. This fixture may or may not be part of the test board. JACK A panel mounted coaxial connector receptacle. A connector to ma te with a telephone plug. The material that is the external environmentally protecve cov ering for a cable, used to protect JACKET all internal components. A screw aached to one half of a connector pair used to draw and hold both halves together. JACKSCREW (Screwlock) Sometimes also used also to separate the connector halves. The mang threaded device into that the jackscrew engages to ho ld two connector halves JACKSOCKET together. The difference between the earliest and latest mes at which a s ignal crosses a specified JITTER reference voltage level. An electrical connecon between two points on a printed board a dded aer the intended JUMPER conductive pattern is formed. A projecon on a connector that engages a keyway in a mang con nector so as to guide the KEY connector halves during mating A mechanical arrangement of guide pins and sockets, keying plug s, contacts, bosses, slots, keyways, inserts or grooves in a connector housing, shell, or insert that allows connectors of the KEYING same size and type to be lined up without the danger of making a wrong connection. A component that is inserted into the cavity of a connector hou sing or insert to assure KEYING PLUG CONTACT engagement of identically matched components. KEYWAY A slot or groove into which a key slides. A device aached to certain connectors that permit uncoupling and separaon of connector LANYARD halves by a pull on a wire or cable. A plug that is designed to be separated from a receptacle by an axial pull of an aached lanyard LANYARD RELEASE without damage to the plug or receptacle. Most often used where quick release is required. The juncture of two conductors placed side by side so that they overlap. (See PARALLEL SPLICE LAP JOINT and SPLICE) A selecve soldering technique employing a programmable laser s ystem. The laser soldering system is effective for high volume selective soldering of wire wrapping pins to backplanes, LASER SOLDERING powerplanes and PC boards.

The last conductor to lose physical contact when two connector halves or a socket and an LAST BREAK electrical component that have been previously mated, are physically separated from one another. The connecon point between components (tubes, transistors, IC packages) and the PC board or LEVEL OF INTERCONNECTION chassis. A test that indicated the time span before failure; the test occurs in a controlled, usually LIFE CYCLE accelerated environment. A connector that may be installed or removed by means of an ins ulated sck while the conductor LIVE‐LINE CONNECTOR is energized. LOADBREAK CONNECTOR A connector designed to close and interrupt current on energize d circuits. That part of the crimping die, p osioner or turret head that places the terminal, splice or contact LOCATOR in the correct crimping area of the crimping tool or die. A feature incorporated in certain components to provide mechani cal retenon of their mang LOCKING DEVICE parts. A spring device either on the contact or installed within the c onnector insert whose purpose is to LOCKING SPRING retain the contact in the insert. LONGITUDINAL INDENT An indent shape where the longest dimension is in line with the connector barrel. The inductance of two or more conductors in which the current flows into one conductor and returns through the other(s). The loop is defined as the current path inscribed by the ‘drive’ and ‘return’ path in the conductors.

where:

L1 = self inductance of the driven conductor

L2 = self inductance of the return path conductor(s)

LOOP INDUCTANCE (LLoop) Lm = mutual inductance between the drive and return path conductors Energy dissipated without performing useful work. A decrease in power suffered by a signal as it is LOSS transmitted from one point to another. (Transmission loss) A connector whose inherent desig n calls for the plug to need an inseron (mang) force that is less force than normal for usual designs of that type of connector. For example, if a connector design normally requires 16 lbs. of mating force, then a 4 lb. force would be considered low (LIF), LOW INSERTION FORCE (LIF) an arbitrary term for most applications. A socket in which the contact surfaces normally touch as they a re mated and demated. Values are generally established as a force below one Newton (0.225 pound) per contact, but greater than LOW INSERTION FORCE SOCKET (LIF) zero Newtons (0 pounds). LOW LEVEL CIRCUIT An open circuit voltage of 20mV or less. This term indicates the contact resistance characteriscs of a contact system under condions where applied voltages (? 20 mv) and currents (low milliamp range) do not alter the physical LOW LEVEL CIRCUIT RESISTANCE (LLCR) contact interface. Sometimes referred to as “Dry Circuit” conditions LOW ORDER MODE A propagaon path that makes a relavely small angle with respe ct to the fiber axis. LUG (See TERMINAL) A concentric or triaxial contact where the outer contact is mal e: and the center contact(s) may be MALE CONCENTRIC male or female. Also referred to as a triaxial contact. Method of terminaon in which terminals that pierce flat cable i nsulaon without stripping, mate MASS TERMINATION with enclosed conductors to form gas tight metal to metal connections. The joining, engaging, connecng or coupling of two connectors or devices designed to be ulized MATE together. MATING FACE See Interface. MATING HARDWARE A mechanical device that fastens connector halves together. The force required to fully engage or separate a plug connector to and from a receptacle connector including the effect of coupling, locking or similar operations. It is the resulting force of MATING or UNMATING FORCES all of the contacts assembled to their housings. One of two component materials that make up a composite. The o ther is commonly referred to as the reinforcement. It can be a metal, resin, or ceramic material. It holds the reinforcement MATRIX together to enable the transfer of stresses and loads to the reinforcements. The maximum ambient temperature at which a connector will operate connuously within MAXIMUM OPERATING TEMPERATURE specified performance levels. Rise me measured with the fixtur e in place, without the specimen, and with filtering (or MEASUREMENT SYSTEM RISE TIME normalization). Rise time is typically measured from the 10% to 90% level. In cylindrical bayonet connectors, metal‐to‐metal booming is t he situaon in which the shell surface of the receptacle bottoms (contacts) the inside rear portion of the mating plug. This is METAL‐TO‐METAL BOTTOMING achieved by an adjustable ring on the collar of the plug. METERED SOLDER CUP A solder cup contact partially preloaded with solder before assembly of the connector. A random unintenonal microscopi c bend of a fiber usually caused by compressive or bending MICROBENDING forces applied to the cable or fiber. (See FIBER OPTICS) The movement or sliding of some metal plang, from one locaon to another. It is felt that this MIGRATION results from a plating action in the presence of moisture and an electrical potential. Terminal or connector having diffe rent impedance than that for which the circuit or cable is MISMATCH, CONNECTOR IMPEDANCE designed. A connecon achieved by wrapping a solid conductor around a pos t in the normal manner with MODIFIED WRAPPED CONNECTION the wire insulation also wrapped around at least three corners of the post. A modular connector is one in whi ch similar or idencal secons can be assembled together to MODULAR provide the best connector configuration for the application. A formed copper alloy element, cylindrical in form with converg ing spring fingers which is pressed into a single contact element barrel and termination tail assembly. The resultant assembly forms an individual contact element which when combined with similar contact elements, all contained in prescribed contact cavities in a socket insulator body, makes up a complete multi‐contact socket MOSQUITO CLIP assembly. MOTHERBOARD A printed board used for interconnecng arrays of plug‐in elect ronic modules. MOTHERDAUGHTER BOARD CONNECTOR A board mounted connector designed for interconnecon of other printed circuit boards. MOUNTING FLANGE A projecon from a component for the purpose of aaching the co mponent to a rigid surface.

MOUNTING HARDWARE A mechanical device that mount s connector assemblies to a piece of equipment or circuit board. MOUTH Cable entrance of a connector barrel. An accessory used as a form for containing the pong compound a round the terminaons of a MOLD, POTTING connector. (See BOOT) Electric circuits made on thin copper‐clad laminates, stacked t ogether with intermediate insulation and other circuit sheets, bonded together with heat and pressure. Subsequent drilling MULTILAYER PRINTED CIRCUITS and electroplating through the layers result in a three dimensional circuit. MULTIMODE FIBER A fiber capable of propagang mor e than one mode of a given wavelength. (See FIBER OPTICS) A combinaon of two or more conductors gathered together and insulated from one another and MULTIPLE CONDUCTOR CABLE from the sheath or armor where used. The common property of two electric conductors whereby a voltag e (electromove force) is MUTUAL INDUCTANCE (Lm) induced across one conductor by a change of current in the other conductor. MUTUAL INDUCTANCE COUPLING The measure of degree of magnec coupling between two conductor s. It is a unitless parameter COEFFICIENT (Km) and is defined as follows: The crosstalk rao calculated on the quiet line at or near the sending (signal source) end of the NEAR END CROSSTALK RATIO (NEXT) driven line.

NEOPRENE Common name for polychloroprene. A material most oen used as a cable jackeng compound. NEST The poron of a crimping die that supports the barrel during cr imping. NICK A cut or notch in a conductor's strands or insulaon. An insulaon displacement terminaon in which it is not possibl e to access test points for carrying out mechanical tests (e.g. transverse extraction force) and electrical measurements (e.g. contact resistance) without deactivation of any design features intended to establish and/or maintain the NON‐ACCESSIBLE INSULATION insulation displacement connection. This is mainly true when the insulation displacement DISPLACEMENT TERMINATION connection is enclosed in a component. A compound material that will not leach ingredients, so as to c ontaminate or degrade adjacent NONCONTAMINATING COMPOUND materials under given environmental conditions. NON‐REUSABLE INSULATION DISPLACEMENT TERMINATION An insulaon displacement terminaon that can only be used once . NON‐WATERTIGHT CABLE A cable that contains no intenonally installed internal water blocking materials. A condion whereby a surface has contacted molten solder, but h as had none of the solder NONWETTING adhere to it. NORMAL FORCE The force on a contact member pe rpendicular to the contact interface plane. A socket in which the contact surfaces touch as they are mated and demated. Values are NORMAL INSERTION FORCE SOCKET (NIF) generally established as a force above one Newton (0.225 pound) per contact. An insulaon support crimp for open barrel terminals with a cri mped form resembling an O. It “O” CRIMP conforms to the shape of round wire insulation. A doughnut‐shaped ring of rubber used as a seal around the periphery of the mang insulator O‐RING interface of cylindrical connectors. De‐aeration or other gaseous emissions from a device (printed circuit board, component or OFFGASSING connector) at ambient or higher pressure when exposed to higher than ambient temperature. A terminal whose tongue is forward of its barrel and whose stud hole is offset from the centerline OFFSET TONGUE TERMINAL of the conductor barrel. A contact between two materials a cross which the voltage is the same regardless of the direcon OHMIC CONTACT of the current flow. A terminal with an open conductor and/or insulaon barrel that is designed to be crimped around OPEN BARREL TERMINAL a conductor or wire. A socket type contact, unprotected from possible damage or distoron from a test probe or other OPEN ENTRY CONTACT wedging device. OPERATING INTERFACE The surface at which a connector is normally separated. OPERATING TEMPERATURE (AMBIENT) The maximum environment temperature that a device may funcon o n a connuous basis.

OPERATING TEMPERATURE (INTERNAL) The maximum internal operaonal temperature capabilies of a co nnector in connuous service. The opcal wavelength (oen expressed in nanometers) at which t he system is intended to OPERATING WAVELENGTH operate. A fiber is a single discrete opc al transmission element usually composed of fiber core, fiber OPTICAL FIBER cladding and coating. A fiber opc cable system consisng of assembled cables, connect or, penetrators, couplers and OPTICAL LINK splices used to interconnect electro‐optical devices (e.g., sources and detectors) in a system. A system providing alternave polarizaon to prevent cross‐man g of similar components when, ORIENTATION used on the same equipment. De‐aeraon or other gaseous emission from a device (printed cir cuit board, component, or OUTGASSING connector) when exposed to reduced pressure, heat, or both. OUTLET NUT An accessory that secures the cable outlet to the body of the c onnector. That poron of the electrical si gnal that goes over or past the specified target level during the OVERSHOOT process of a signal excursion. OXIDATION The addion of oxygen to a metal to form oxides (rust, etc.). PANEL The structure or surface to which a device is mounted. PANEL CUT OUT A hole or group of holes cut in a panel or chassis for the purp ose of mounng a component. A connector designed to be mounte d in or on a panel. Term is most oen associated with flanged PANEL MOUNT connectors. PANEL SEAL A seal provided between a component and a panel. A device for joining two or more conductors in which the conduc tors lie parallel and adjacent. PARALLEL SPLICE (See LAP JOINT and SPLICE) PIM is an unwanted signal or sig nals generated by the non‐linear mixing of 2 or more frequencies in a passive device such as a connector or cable. For more information describing the effects of PASSIVE INTERMODULATION (PIM) nickel plating on PIM visit http://www.amphenolrf.com/simple/PIM%20Paper.pdf That poron of a printed circuit that carries current between two pads or between a pad and the PATH terminal area (printed contact, edge pad) The type of plug or receptacle t hat is not mounted in a fixed posion or aached to a panel or PENDANT side of equipment. A design feature that provides an environmental seal between th e forward end of plug and forward end of the receptacle even though they are not fully engaged. It generally consists of a piece of rubber fastened around the inner sidewall of the receptacle front opening skirt or around PERIPHERAL SEAL the outer sidewall of the plug engagement section. An alloy of copper n and phosphorus that is resistant to corro sion and used for contact springs PHOSPHOR BRONZE in switches and relays. PHOTODIODE A semiconductor device, used in fiber opc systems, to convert l ight energy to electrical energy. PIGTAIL A conductor or wire extending from an electrical or electronic device to serve as a connecon. A short length of opcal fiber permanently aached to an opcal emier, photodiode or connector. It is used to couple power between the optoelectronic component and the PIGTAIL, FIBER transmission fiber. A short wire extending from an electric or electronic device to serve as a jumper or ground PIGTAIL, WIRE connection. PIN DENSITY The quanty of pins on a component per unit area. PITCH The nominal distance from center to center of adjacent conducto rs or contacts. PLASTIC DEFORMATION Change in dimensions under load that is not recovered when the load is removed. High polymeric substances, including both natural and synthec products (not including rubber) PLASTICS that are capable of flowing under heat and pressure conditions at one time or another. A hole formed by the deposion o f metal on the sides of the hole and on both sides of the base to provide electrical connection from the conductive pattern on one side to that on the opposite side PLATED THROUGH‐HOLE of the printed circuit board. The overlay of a thin coang of metal on metallic components to prevent rusng or corrosion, PLATING sometimes also used to improve conductance, or to provide for easy soldering. Usually a pure form of the metal being used as the plang mater ial, with the cathode being the PLATING ANODE work‐piece being plated. PLATING VOID The area of absence of a parcul ar metal from a specific cross seconal area. Planum is a contact material that provides low and consistent surface resistances. It is used in the moving contacts of ultra sensitive relays, thermostats, and potentiometers. Other metals are added to this precious metal to create alloys with higher mechanical wear resistance. Platinum sometimes can be used to replace gold in the plating of electrical contacts and other metal parts. It PLATINUM is resistant to corrosion and film formation. The part of a connector system that is free to move when not in terconnected. In the case of a wire to wire, fiber to fiber, or cable to cable connector systems and board to board connector systems, the plug is the portion of the system that will insert contacts into the receptacle body. PLUG The contacts can be either pins or sockets. An electrical connector intended to be aached to the free end of a conductor, wire, cable or PLUG CONNECTOR bundle that couples or mates to a receptacle connector. An accessory used to fill open, nonwired cavies in a connector grommet so as to prevent the PLUG, SEALING entry of moisture, fluids or foreign particulate contaminants. POINT OF ELECTRICAL CONTACT The posion of applicaon of the force that provides electrical contact. Term applied to a male or female contact to which a wire has be en permanently aached prior to POKE HOME CONTACT the assembly of the contact into the insert. The arrangement or orientaon of connector inserts, jackscrews, polarizing pins/sockets, POLARIZATION keys/keyways, or configurations to prevent the mis‐mating or cross mating of connectors. POLARIZING PIN, SOCKET, KEY OR KEYWAY Devices incorporated in a connector to accomplish polarizaon. A slot at the edge of a printed circuit board used to assure pr oper inseron and locaon in a POLARIZING SLOT mating edgeboard connector. A class of high temperature thermoplasc resins offering a wide range of physical and mechanical properties including high resistance to oxidation degradation, weathering, radiation, and all strong chemicals except strong bases; resistant to abrasion and frictional wear; and with mechanical and POLYIMIDE electrical properties that can be retained during continuous use at 480 °F in free air. A device that is aached to a crimping tool and locates the con tact in the correct posion for POSITIONER crimping.

A type of latch or locking mechanism used to hold a die set in an installaon tool, or an insert in a connector shell, used in such a way that the parts cannot be unlocked accidentally. Also describes POSITIVE LOCK retention of certain wire terminating contacts (tabs) used with edge or printed circuit connectors. POST INSULATE To insulate an electrical connecon aer assembly. The permanent sealing of the cable end of a connector with a co mpound or material to exclude POTTING moisture, dust, dirt, air and/or provide a strain relief. An accessory that, when aached to the rear of a plug or recept acle, provides a pouring form for POTTING CUP potting the wires and the wire entry end of the assembly. An item solid or split, designed t o be used as a form into which a pong compound is poured or injected and allowed to cure or set to seal the back of the connector. The mold may or may not be POTTING MOLD removable after the potting cures. PRECIOUS METAL One of the relavely scarce and valuable metals ‐ gold, silver, and the planum group metals. Metal alloys that contain a high percentage, by weight of the n oble metals Gold (Au), Planum PRECIOUS METAL ALLOY (Pt), Palladium (Pd) and/or Silver (Ag). The difference in pressure between one side of a connector and t he other as in a bulkhead PRESSURE DIFFERENTIAL mounting or the pressure difference between the inside and outside of a sealed connector. PRESSURE‐SLEEVE A tubular elastomeric sleeve forming part of a cable clamp asse mbly. PRE‐INSULATE To insulate an electrical connecon before assembly. PRE‐INSULATED CRIMP BARREL A crimp barrel with a permanent layer of insulaon through whic h the crimp is made A terminal end having a barrel wi th a permanent layer of insulaon through which a crimp is PRE‐INSULATED TERMINAL END made. The application of solder to a contact, conductor, or other connecting device prior to soldering; the PRE‐TINNED application of tin plating to the basis metal of connecting devices prior to fabrication.

PRE‐TINNED SOLDER CUP Solder cups with inner surfaces that have been pre‐coated with a small amount of n lead solder. An electrical contact that can b e pressed into a hole in an insulator, printed board (with or PRESS‐FIT‐CONTACT without plated through‐holes), or a metal plate. A solderless electrical connecon made by inserng a press‐in t erminaon into a plated‐through PRESS‐IN CONNECTIONS hole of a printed board. The specially shaped secon of a press‐in terminaon that is su itable to perform the press in PRESS‐IN SECTION connection operation. A terminaon having a specially shaped secon suitable to provi de for a solderless press‐in PRESS‐IN TERMINATION (POST) connection. The layer of material that is designed to do the electrical ins ulang, usually the first layer of PRIMARY INSULATION material applied over the conductor. A poron of a conducve paern, formed by prinng, serving as a contact surface for a PRINTED CONTACT connector. Also called Terminal Area or Pad. A conducve paern within or bonded to the surface of a base ma terial intended for point to PRINTED WIRING point connection of separate components and not containing printed components. An insulating board serving as a base for printed wiring and consisting almost entirely of point‐to‐ PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD point conductors and shielding. PRINTED BOARD CONNECTOR A connector specifically designed to facilitate connecons to pr inted boards. The generaon of a contact area and surface (bump, dimple, or o ther shaped protrusion) that is PROFILE STAMPED formed by using a mechanical stamping process. Ability to select various circui t paerns by interconnecng or jumping appropriate contacts on PROGRAMMING one side of a connector plug or panel.

(1) The time it takes for a signal to travel between two specified points of an interconnect system. (2) Time delay between input and output of signal usually measured in nanoseconds per foot of PROPAGATION DELAY cable. PROPAGATION TIME Time required for a signal to tr avel between two points on a transmission line. PULL‐OFF CONNECTOR A connector equipped with a pull off coupling mechanism. PULL‐OFF COUPLING A coupling in which unlocking is achieved by an axial pull on t he coupling ring. The axial force required to remove a terminated conductor from its attached contact or terminal; PULL OUT FORCE the axial force required to remove a contact from its retention member. The me required for the electrical pulse to rise or fall betwe en 10 percent and 90 percent of its PULSE RISE or FALL TIME steady state power 'on' or 'off' level. A contact with which a connecon is achieved by axial force, wi th connecon or separaon being PUSH‐ON CONTACT restricted by friction. PUSH‐PULL CONNECTOR A connector having a push‐pull coupling. A quick axial coupling device with self‐locking and unlocking f eatures. Unlocking is achieved by an PUSH PULL COUPLING axial pull on the coupling ring. An indenter configuraon of a crimp tool producing four closely grouped indents on the QUAD INDENT connector barrel. The construction of a connector, contact or cable with four insulated elements paired together QUADRAXIAL (QUADRAX) with a common overall shield. (See COAXIAL and TRIAXIAL for comparison). A quadraxial contact designed with a keying provision to preven t mis‐orientaon of mang contacts. Contact may be twinaxial in design with two shields (4 electrically isolated elements) or may have 4 electrically isolated contacts surrounded by a shield (5 electrical elements). (See QUADRAX, KEYED TWINAXIAL for comparison.) QUICK DISCONNECT CONNECTOR A type of connector that permits the rapid coupling and uncoupl ing of mang halves. A type of structure used to house electronic components that pe rmits convenient removal of RACK portions of the equipment. One of two mang fixed connectors intended to provide a connecon between a unit and its mounting rack, which is usually provided with an alignment device to ensure correct mating. It normally has no coupling device and is mated by the movement between the unit and the rack RACK AND PANEL CONNECTOR (does not apply to the printed circuit boards). RADIO FREQUENCY (RF) The poron of the frequency spectrum lying between 40kHz and 20 0GHz. RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE (RFI) Usually electrical interference from intentionally emissive sources; e.g., radar, radio, etc. RAM The moving poron in the h ead of a crimping tool. RANDOM EYE PATTERN The eye paern measured through the fixture without the test spe cimen. RANGE Number of sizes of connectors or cables of a parcular type. The designaon of wire/conductor sizes that a given conductor b arrel, ferrule, grommet or RANGE, WIRE accessory will accommodate. A device to ensure the full crimping cycle of a crimping tool, prevenng a parally crimped RATCHET CONTROL contact resulting from an incomplete crimp operation. The maximum temperature at which an electric component can oper ate for extended periods RATED TEMPERATURE without loss of its basic properties. The voltage at which an electrical component can operate for ex tended periods without loss of its RATED VOLTAGE basic properties. The opposion of inductance and capacitance to alternang curre nt, expressed in ohms: equal to the product of the sine of the angular phase difference between current and voltage and the ratio of the effective voltage to the effective current. Symbolized by X and measured in ohms. Compare REACTANCE capacitive reactance and inductive reactance. A term used with printed circuit boards and printed circuit con nectors, meaning the ability to make contact with certain circuits. Example: a double readout printed circuit connector will READ OUT permit two wires to be connected to any one circuit on the printed circuit board.

The type of connector whose contacts are inserted from the rear , with the proper inseron tool, REAR INSERTIONFRONT RELEASE and released from the rear with the removal tool inserted from the face (front) of the connector. The type of connector whose contacts are both inserted and remo ved from the rear of the REAR INSERTIONREAR RELEASE connector with the proper tools. This does not require demating of the connector installation. Connector contacts that are released and removed from the rear (wire side) of the connector retention device. The removal tool engages the contact from the rear and pulls the contact out of REAR RELEASE CONTACTS the connector contact retainer. That design feature that provides an environmental seal at the rear of plug or receptacle. It generally consists of rubber grommets that fit between the wire and sidewall of the insert cavities or consists of a flat sheet of rubber that fits between the back up of plate and insert and insert of plug or receptacle. This flat sheet of rubber is sometimes called family or group seal since it contains the same number of holes as the insert has cavities. It is through these holes that wires REAR SEAL are threaded to the connector contacts. The part of a connector system that is fixed or staonary when n ot interconnected. The receptacle may be mounted to a rack, rail, panel, or printed wiring board. In the case of a wire to wire, fiber to fiber, or cable to cable flying connector systems and board to board connector systems, the receptacle is part of the system, that will capture the contacts within its body. The RECEPTACLE contacts can be either pins or sockets. Process of recombining, spurs, runners and molding by‐products (regrind) with original (virgin) materials to produce a final product certified to the original manufacturers specifications including RECOMBINED fiber length and content. RECTANGULAR CONNECTOR A connector that is basically rectangular and has a basically r ectangular mang face. That corner of the wrap post at which the insulated wire makes its first indentaon and from REFERENCE CORNER which the number of wrapped turns is counted. The reflection coefficient is the ratio of the reflected to incident voltages at any given point. The reflection coefficient is given by:

where:

ZL = is the fixture or specimen impedance

ZO = is the specimen environment impedance

NOTE ̶ In the time domain, the reflection coefficient symbol typically used is rho (ρ), while Gamma REFLECTION COEFFICIENT (Γ) is used for frequency domain measurements. Method of soldering where the solder joint is made by melng the solder pre‐coated on the REFLOW SOLDERING mating components REGRIND Grinding of spurs and runners or any by‐product of the molding process. Property of a magnec circuit that determines the total magnec flux in the circuit when a given RELUCTANCE magnetomotive force is applied. A contact that can be mechanica lly joined or remove from an insert. Usually, special tools are REMOVABLE CONTACT required to lock the contact in place or remove it for repair or replacement. REMOVAL TOOL A device used to remove a contact from a connector. RESILIENT CONTACT A contact having elasc properes to provide a force to its ma ng part.

Property of a conductor that determines the current produced by a given difference of potenal. RESISTANCE The ohm is the practical unit of resistance, and the symbol R designates resistance in ohms. A design feature incorporated in a female contact or insulator to prevent the entry of an oversize RESTRICTED ENTRY pin or test probe. The rao in decibels (dB) of the power incident upon the impedance disconnuity to the power reflected from the discontinuity. The equation for return loss calculated from the reflection RETURN LOSS coefficient is: Return Loss = 20 log10|| = 20 log10 |s11| A device of a crimping tool to return the tool to the full open posion when the crimping RETURN MECHANISM operation is completed. REUSABLE INSULATION DISPLACEMENT TERMINATION An insulaon displacement terminaon that can be used more than once. Connectors used for connecting or terminating radio frequency cable; usually coax, but maybe RF CONNECTOR triaxial or waveguide. A cable of individually insulated round conductors lying parall el and coplanar, being held together RIBBON CABLE by means of films, adhesives, woven textile yarn, or molded insulation material. A connector in which the axis of the cable outlet or terminaon connecons are at a right‐angle RIGHT ANGLE CONNECTOR with the axis of the mating face. A connector that is mounted along an edge of, and soldered to, the circuits of a printed circuit board. Contacts of the connector are oriented at a right angle to the termination pins soldered into the printed circuit board, allowing the circuit board to be plugged into a mother board or RIGHT ANGLE EDGE CONNECTOR wired backpanel rack. RING‐TONGUE TERMINAL A terminal having a roundend tongue with a hole to accommodate a screw or stud. The me required for a voltage step to occur, measured between its inial value and final value, RISE TIME typically from 10% to 90% levels. The increase in rise me to a theorecally perfect (zero rise me) voltage step when the specimen is inserted in the transmission path. The formula used to calculate the rise time degradation for Gaussian signals from 10% to 90% is as follows:

RISE TIME DEGRADATION The mildest and least effecve of solder fluxes (Type R). To incr ease rosin flux efficiency, small amounts of organic activating agents are added. Type RA, fully activated rosin flux, is the flux most ROSIN FLUX commonly used for electrical connections. The feature of connector design that permits safety wiring of p lug and/or receptacle to prevent SAFETYING loosening or a plug vibrating free from a receptacle.

S11 is the reflection coefficient at the input port of the device under test, defined as the ratio of the reflected voltage to incident voltage.

S12 is the reverse transmission coefficient (isolation), The 12 is derived from the signal appearing on the input port (port 1) from signal applied to the output port (port 2).

S21 is the forward transmission coefficient (gain), S21 are signals on the output (port 2) of the device under test, resulting from signals applied to the input (port 1).

S22 is the output reflection coefficient as defined by the ratio of the incident voltage to the reflected voltage.

The above S‐parameters are for single ended systems. S‐parameters are frequency dependent, SCATTERING PARAMETERS (S‐PARAMETER), and are by default normalized to 50 ohms. There are additional parameters for differential

S11, S12, S21, S22 systems. SCREW LOCK (See JACKSCREW) A technique to prepare fibers for terminaon in which fibers are lightly scribed, then pulled apart SCRIBE‐AND‐CLEAVE to produce cleavage perpendicular to the fiber axis. A design feature whereby exposed contacts of a connector cannot be inadvertently touched or SCOOP PROOF (SCOOP‐PROOF) damaged by any portion of the mating connector. SCREW MACHINE CONTACTS A contact made by screw machine operaons. A seal provided at the interface of a connector designed to pre vent fluids or other contaminants SEAL, INTERFACIAL from entering the connector contact area. SEALED CONNECTOR A connector employing a seal capable of fulfilling specified gas ghtness requirements. SEALING The ability of a component to resist the ingress of contaminant s. A plug that is inserted to fill an unoccupied contact aperture i n a connector insert. Its funcon is SEALING PLUG to seal unoccupied apertures in the insert, especially in environmental connectors. A nonconducve material whose prime funcons are to protect the conductor against abrasion or other mechanical degradation and provide a second electrical barrier, placed over the primary SECONDARY INSULATION insulation. The applicaon of plang to a limited poron of a connector con tact, especially those areas SELECTIVE PLATING susceptible to wear. SELF‐ALIGN Design of two mang parts so that they will engage in the prope r relave posion. SELF INDUCTANCE The inductance of a single conductor.

Alterations of the inside surface of a conductor barrel to provide better gripping of the conductor, or on the outside of a connector housing, to provide better gripping of the connector; protrusions SERRATION on the rear of a connector housing for positive orientation of accessories. SERVICE LIFE The period of me that a device is expected to perform sasfact orily. The maximum voltage or current condions of which a connector o r electrical device is designed SERVICE RATING to function continuously at a specified temperature. SHANK Cylindrical or rodlike poron of a connector or contact. SHELL The outside case of a connector into which the insert and the c ontacts are assembled. A device placed around that poron of a connector that is used for aaching wires or cables so as to both shield against electromagnetic interference and/or protect the connector wires or cable SHIELD, ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR from mechanical damage. A connector designed to prevent the radiaon of electromagnec interference to and from the SHIELDED CONNECTOR internal conductor(s). One or more wires enclosed within a conducve shield to minimiz e the electrical interference SHIELDED CABLE effects of internal or external circuits. The metal sleeving surrounding one or more of the conductors, i n a wiring circuit to prevent interference, interaction or current leakage to an adjacent wire. Usually grounded, the shielding is carried through the connector shell or through a special internal shell in the case of individual SHIELDING coaxial contacts. A procedure for determining the permanent indentaon hardness o f a material by means of durometer. Shore designation is given to tests made with a specified durometer measuring SHORE HARDNESS instrument. A type of connector in which the contact between the conductor and the connector contact is SHRINK FIT CONNECTOR made by a shrink fit. A part of a connector or device that provides physical proteco n to otherwise exposed contacts SHROUD, INSULATION or terminals. A method of mounng a component that has a shoulder and a capvang device, and installed SINGLE HOLE MOUNTING through a single hole in a panel. A tool simulang a specified maxi mum size male contact or a specified minimum size female SIZING TOOL contact. SKEW The difference in propagaon delay between two signal paths. A washer somemes fied between a clamp‐nut and a pressure‐sleev e, to reduce the SKID‐WASHER transmission of torque to the pressure‐sleeve. A socket contact that is simply a conducve tube. Sleeves do n ot contain pin grips or any other SLEEVE amendments and are usually used with split pins. A terminal, having a bifurcated tongue, that allows aachment t o a screw or stud without SLOTTED TONGUE TERMINAL removal of the mounting hardware. Used to describe the easy removal or assembly of one part to an other. Example: certain SNAP‐ON connectors are provided with snapon plasc covers to permit qui ck and convenient installaon. A push on contact in which reten on is achieved by means of a deformaon of the contact area SNAP‐ON CONTACT that provides positive axial location. A connector intended to mate with a plugin device such as tubes , relays, transistors, SOCKET microcircuits, etc. SOCKET or RECEPTACLE CONTACT A contact designed to interconnect with a pin contact, generall y, by capturing or surrounding it. SOCKET CONTACT SLEEVE A sleeve that holds the contact s pring in the correct posion within the socket contact. An alloy that melts at relavely low temperatures, and that is used to join or seal metals with SOLDER higher melting points. SOLDERABILITY The property of a metal to be weed by solder. SOLDER CONNECTION A connecon made by soldering. SOLDER CONTACT A contact designed for the aachment of the conductor by solder . The cup or well at the end of a c ontact or terminal into which a wire is inserted prior to being SOLDER CUP soldered. A solder type contact provided with a hole at its end through w hich a wire can be inserted prior to SOLDER EYELET being soldered. A substance that transforms a passive, contaminated metal surfa ce into an acve, clean, SOLDER FLUX solderable surface. SOLDER PROJECTION An undesirable protrusion of solder from a solidified solder joi nt or coang. A heat shrinkable tubing device containing a predetermined amou nt of solder and flux used for SOLDER SLEEVE environmental resistant solder connections and shield termination. A connector in which the contact between the conductor and the connector is made by a solder SOLDER‐TYPE CONNECTOR joint. The joining of two materials by pressure means without the use of solder, brazing or any method SOLDERLESS CONNECTION requiring heat. A contact with a terminaon poron that is a hollow cylinder to allow it to accept a wire. Aer a bare wire is inserted, a swaging tool is applied to crimp the contact metal firmly against the wire. SOLDERLESS CONTACT Usually called a crimp contact. A technique of connecng uninsulated solid wire or stripped ins ulated wire to a terminal post SOLDERLESS WRAP containing a series of sharp edges, by winding the wire around the terminal. (see WIRE‐WRAP) SOLID PRESS‐IN TERMINATION A press‐in terminaon having a solid press‐in secon. SOLIDUS The lowest temperature at which a metal alloy begins to melt. SPADE TONGUE TERMINAL (See SLOTTED TONGUE TERMINAL) The impedance presented to the signal conductors of the device under test by the test fixture. This impedance is a result of transmission lines, termination resistors, attached receivers or signal SPECIMEN ENVIRONMENT IMPEDANCE sources, and fixture parasitic oscillations. SPLICE A device used to join two or more conductors or opcal fibers to each other. SPRING CONTACT A contact having elasc properes to provide a force to its ma ng part. Design of a contact as used in a printed circuit connector or socket contact, perming easy SPRING FINGER ACTION stressfree spring action to provide contact pressure and/or retention. STACKING The installaon of two or more t erminals on a single screw or stud. STAGGERED‐CONTACT CONNECTOR A connector having a staggered arrangement of the terminaons a nd/or the contacts.

STAKE CONTACT A contact for individual mounng to a printed board by staking, and normally soldered to a land. STAMPED CONTACTS Contacts made by stamping and bending sheet metal rather than b y machining of metal stock. STEP AMPLITUDE The voltage difference between the 0% and 100% levels, ignoring overshoot and undershoot. An internal keying‐type device incorporated into plugs and rece ptacles allowing the connector to be mated only one way. The connector is rotated until the step‐planes match; then it is pushed STEP‐PLANE together. STOP PLATE (See LOCATOR) A method of mounng a connector or other electrical element to a circuit board or other similar member such that the connector contact elements can be attached to both opposing surfaces of the circuit board, with the connector mounting means straddling both sides and the edge of the STRADDLE MOUNT circuit board. A technique involving devices or methods of terminaon or insta llaon, that reduce the STRAIN RELIEF transmission of mechanical stress to the conductor termination. A clamp designed to remove the strain of a cable pulling on the connector’s contacts. Strain reliefs STRAIN RELIEF CLAMP may be attached to the connector or may be part of a cable support system. The specially shaped opening in a n insulaon displacement terminaon suitable to provide for STRAIN RELIEF SLOT (IDC) strain relief. STRAND One of the wires, or groups of wires, of any stranded conductor . A design of highvoltage connectors to eliminate sharp points or corners and to recess all STREAMLINED hardware to reduce corona discharge. STRIP The removal of insulaon material from wire or cable. STRIP CONTACTS A connuous length of formed contacts for use in an automac in stallaon machine. A contact or terminal supplied in some means of connuous form, for use in automac or STRIP TERMINAL semiautomatic crimping machines. The amount of force required to be applied to the wrapped conne con along the major axis of the post to move the wrapped conductor sufficiently to break the gas tight union of the contact STRIPPING FORCE (wrap post) area. STRIPPER A tool or chemical used to remove insulaon material from wire or cable. STUD A post used for connecng conductors or terminals. It may be t hreaded, serrated or plain. The hole or opening in the tongu e of a terminal lug that is intended to accommodate a screw or STUD HOLE stud. A terminal board used for connecng conductors or terminals by means of binding posts or stud STUD TYPE BOARD terminations. (see TERMINAL BOARD). SUBMERSIBLE CONNECTOR A connector capable of withstanding submersion to a specified de pth. The passage of current over the boundary surface of an insulato r as disnguished from passage SURFACE LEAKAGE through its volume. The electrical connecon of components to the surface of a cond ucve paern without ulizing SURFACE MOUNTING component holes. SWAGING The mechanical reshaping of barrels; an obsolete term for crimping. Acronym for Severe Wind and Moisture Problem, as typified by the environment in the wheel‐well of an aircraft operating in wet weather. Any extremely wet area, not immersive, where wind or other forces, allows the moisture into intestacies that do not normally require extreme SWAMP environmental protection. TELEPHONE PLUG A free connector consisng of two or more contacts on a common shank. Amount of axial load required to break or pull wire from the crimped barrel of a terminal, splice, TENSILE PULL or contact. TENSILE STRENGTH Greatest longitudinal stress that a substance can bear without pulling apart. A device aached to the end of a conductor to provide both mech anical and electrical TERMINAL connections to a post, stud, chassis or another terminal. An assembly containing connecon provisions to facilitate the c onnecon of one or more TERMINAL BLOCK conductors. A board fabricated from an insulang material containing a sing le or mulple row or arrangement TERMINAL BOARD of termination points for the purpose of making connections. TERMINAL END A component to be fied to a conductor for aachment to a termin al. A terminal or tab that is a pierced or a closed hook shape, providing a good mechanical as well as TERMINAL, EYELET electrical connection. TERMINAL, FORK A fork shaped or split terminal used in solder applicaons. A terminal or tab that is hook shaped to provide a good mechanical as well as an electrical connection when a wire is soldered to it; used on hermetic connectors. Also known as solder hook TERMINAL, HOOK terminal. TERMINAL LUG (See TERMINAL) TERMINAL PLATE A conducve busing bar or commoning bar (link, jumper bar). Sloed tongue terminal designed to slip around a screw or stud without removal of the screw or TERMINAL, SPADE TONGUE nut. TERMINAL STRIP (See TERMINAL BOARD) TERMINAL STYLE The design or configuraon of a terminal. (see TERMINAL) A permanent connecon or the part of a contact, terminal or ter minal end to which a conductor is TERMINATION normally connected. An impedance connected to the e nd of a transmission line, typically to minimize reflected energy TERMINATION [electronics usage] on the line. TERMINATION EXTRACTION TOOL A device for extracng a press‐in terminaon from a printed board. A device used to insert press‐in terminaons or components equipped with press‐in terminaons TERMINATION INSERTION TOOL into a printed board. The part of a contact, terminal of a contact, terminal or termi nal end to which a conductor is TERMINATION POINT normally attached. Plural of TERMINUS as this is a commonly used term for more than one concatenated fiber opc TERMINI end, generally to be used in a connector. A device that terminates an opcal fiber and provides a means to locate and contain the opcal TERMINUS fiber within a connector. A brand name for a system involving connecng bare solid or str anded wire to a square pin for a connection, using a compression termination technique of wrapping the wire around the sharp TERMI‐POINT edges of the pin. A design feature incorporated in a female contact and or insert to prevent damage by the TEST PROBE PROOF insertion of a test probe. Exposure to a given thermal condion or a programmed series of condions for prescribed THERMAL AGING periods of time. The maximum and/or minimum temperature at which a material will perform its funcon without THERMAL RATING undue degradation. The resulng characteriscs when a material is subjected to rapid and wide range changes in THERMAL SHOCK temperature in an effort to discover its ability to withstand heat and cold. THERMAL WIPE A slight movement of mated contacts caused by thermal expansion or contracon of parts. Contact of special material used in connectors employed in ther mocouple applicaons. Materials THERMOCOUPLE CONTACT often used are iron, constantan, copper, Chromel?, Alumel?, and others. THERMOPLASTIC A classificaon of resin that can be readily soened and resoen ed by repeated heang. A classificaon of resin which cures by chemical reacon when he ated and, when cured, cannot THERMOSETTING be resoftened by reheating. A means of mang connectors by engaging threads in a coupling r ing with threads on a receptacle THREADED COUPLING shell. THROUGH CONNECTION (See FEEDTHRU) A silver‐white, ducle metal used to coat conductors, especiall y when solder terminaon is to be TIN used. The protrusion, usually flat in configuraon, of a terminal that is designed to be fastened to a TONGUE stud, terminal block, chassis, or inserted in a receptacle. TOTAL POST LENGTH The length of the post from the mounng plane to the p. The construcon of a connector, contact or cable having a coaxial construcon but with two shields, each being separated with dielectric material. Triaxial construction allows signals to be transmitted on both the center conductor and the inner shield while the outer shield may be at TRIAXIAL CONSTRUCTION ground potential. (see COAXIAL and TWINAXIAL for comparison). Assembly of three contacts arranged coaxially as inner, interme diate, and outer contacts, enabling the termination of shielded triaxial or twisted pair cables. (Sometimes referred to as concentric TRIAXIAL CONTACT twinax) (see TRIAXIAL CONSTRUCTION). TUBULAR TERMINAL A terminal manufactured from tubing rather than flat stock. A resilient contact having a shap e similar to that of a tuning fork, the two arms of which apply TUNING FORK CONTACT contact force in opposite directions. TURN OF WIRE A single helical ring of wire wrapped 360 degrees around a wrap post. A device aached to a crimping tool, having mulple posions th at can be rotated to posion a TURRET HEAD specific conductor barrel between the indenters. The construction of a connector, contact or cable with two insulated elements paired together with TWINAXIAL CONSTRUCTION a common overall shield; ex: a twisted shield pair. (see COAXIAL and TRIAXIAL for comparison). TWIST‐ON CONNECTOR A connector that is mated by axial force and locked by rotaon of the locking device. An interconnecng device in which one mang piece is permanently mounted to the printed TWO‐PIECE CONNECTOR circuit board (generally by soldering) while the other is attached to equipment. A connector used to make connecon to a rocket, missile or anyt hing else where rapid separaon UMBILICAL CONNECTOR is required, as during launching or separation. UNMATE The disengagement, disconnecng or uncoupling of mated connecto rs. UNWRAPPING TOOL A tool to remove a wrapped connecon by unwrapping. A method of simultaneously soldering variously configured compon ent parts. The process is carried out in a specially equipped chamber, and the high temperature of boiling fluorinated VAPOR PHASE hydrocarbon is the heat transfer medium. The ability of a connector or socket and all required ancillary hardware to withstand the heang and cooling processes and other exposures involved in reflow soldering using the vapor phase VAPOR PHASE COMPATIBLE soldering method. A plated through‐hole used as an interlayer connecon, but in w hich there is no intenon to VIA HOLE insert a component lead or other reinforcing material.

VIRTUAL CONTACT WIDTH Combinaon of the width of the contact face together with any p osional variaon of the contact. The term most oen used in place of electromove force, potenal, potenal difference, or voltage drop, to designate electrical pressure that exists between two points and is capable of VOLTAGE producing a flow of current when a closed circuit is connected between two points. VOLTAGE PROOF A test voltage equivalent to the working voltage mulplied by a safety factor. The highest voltage that may be connuously applied to a wire o r cord in conformance with VOLTAGE RATING standards or specifications. The ratio of the maximum magnitude of the voltage on a line to the minimum magnitude at any given point. VSWR can be expressed by the following equations:

or

1   VSWR  1 -  where:

Vinc = incident voltage wave amplitude

Vrefl = reflected voltage wave amplitude VOLTAGE STANDING WAVE RATIO (VSWR) Γ = reflection coefficient WATERTIGHT CABLE A cable that contains internal water blocking compounds. A process in which items to be soldered are brought in contact with a gently overflowing wave of WAVE SOLDERING liquid solder that is circulated by a pump in an appropriately designed solder pot reservoir. WELDED CONNECTION A connecon made by welding. The formaon of a relavely uniform, smooth, unbroken and adher ent film of solder to a base WETTING material. WICKING Movement of liquid solder along a metallic surface by capillary acon. Acon of two electrical contacts that come in contact by their contact surfaces sliding against each WIPING ACTION other. WIRE BARREL See BARREL, CONDUCTOR WIRE EXTRACTION TOOL (IDC) A device for extracng the wire(s) from the insulaon displacem ent terminaon. A hand or power operated tool for producing an insulaon displacement connecon by inserng WIRE INSERTION TOOL the wire(s) in a controlled manner to a predetermined position in the slot(s). The sizes of conductors accommodated by a parcular wire barrel . Also the diameters of wires or WIRE RANGE cables accommodated by a sealing grommet. An elastomeric grommet on the rear of a connector that seals ar ound each wire to preclude the WIRE SEAL entrance of water or moisture. A numerical designaon for a conductor, usually expressed in te rms of American Wire Gauge WIRE SIZE (AWG), based on the approximate circular mil area of the conductor. A stop at the end of a terminal wire barrel that prevents wire from passing completely through WIRE STOP the barrel in such a way as to interfere with the function of the contact. The force required to fully withdr aw a set of mang components without the effect of a coupling, WITHDRAWAL FORCE locking or similar device.

A brand name for a system involving connecng bare solid wire t o a square pin for a connecon, WIRE WRAP by wrapping the wire around the sharp edges of the pin. Also known as solderless wrap. A network of conducng elements, usually discrete insulated wir es that form a part or parts of an electrical system. The conducting elements are generally but not exclusively terminated in an WIRING electrical connector device. A graph that plots the pullout force, indent force, and relave conductance of a crimp joint as a WORK CURVE function of various depths of crimping. WORKING VOLTAGE Maximum voltage at which a connector is rated to operate. Also see (SERVICE RATING). WRAP CONTACT A contact designed to accept a wrapped connecon. WRAP POST A terminaon post that accepts a wrapped connecon. WRAP REMOVAL TOOL A tool to remove a wrapped connecon by unwrapping. WRAPPED CONNECTION A connecon achieved by wrapping a solid conductor around a pos t. WRAPPING TOOL A tool used to make a wrapped connection. A connector that joins two branch conductors to the main conduc tor at an angle. The three Y CONNECTOR conductors are in the same plane. The minimum stress at which a m aterial will start to physically deform without further increase in YIELD STRENGTH load. A connector in which the contacts do not make electrical or mechanical contact until after the ZERO INSERTION FORCE CONNECTOR connectors are mated; contacts are mated by movement of an actuation mechanism. A component designed to eliminate the inseron and withdrawal f orces during mang and ZERO INSERTION FORCE COMPONENT unmating. A socket in which contact surfac es normally do not mechanically touch unl aer mang thus requiring no component insertion force. After mating the contacts are actuated in some manner to ZERO INSERTION FORCE SOCKET (ZIF) make intimate electrical contact. A brand name of jackeng and shielding material that can be add ed to a cable or harness aer ZIPPER TUBING assembly completion.