SAILING HYDROFOILS the AMATEUR YACHT RESEARCH SOCIETY (Founded June, 1955 to Encourage Amateur and Individual Yacht Research)
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SAILING HYDROFOILS THE AMATEUR YACHT RESEARCH SOCIETY (Founded June, 1955 to encourage Amateur and Individual Yacht Research) Patron: HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE PRINCE PHILIP, DUKE OF EDINBURGH, K.G., P.C., K.T., G.B.E., F.R.S. Presidents: British: The Rt. Hon, Lord Riverdale, D.L., J.P. New Zealand: R. L. Stewart Vice-Presidents: British: American: Austin Farrar, M.R.I.N.A. Great Lakes: William R. Mehaffey Beecher Moore California: Joseph J. Szakacs Sir Peregrine Henniker-Heaton, Bt. British Committee: Chairman: Sir Perry Henniker-Heaton, Bt. Vice-Chairman: Andre Kanssen {Hon. Sec), Bill Poole Dennis Banham, W/Cdr. Jock Burrough, D.F.C, Michael Butterfield, Tom Herbert, S. A. Coleman-Malden, Michael Ellison, Pat Morwood, Eric Thorne-Symmons, Gp/Cpt. M. D. Thunder, F.O.O.S. National Organisers: American: W. Dorwin Teague, 375 Sylvan Ave., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 07632. AustraUan: Ray Dooris, 29 Clarence St., Macquarie Fields, Sydney, N.S.W. British: Michael Ellison, Hermitage, Newbury, Bucks. Canadian: P. J. McGrath, 43 Thornecliffe Park Drive, Apartment 706. Toronto, 17, Ontario. French: Pierre Gutelle, 3 Rue Jules Simon, 75 Paris (15»). New Zealand: T. L. Lane, 32 Michaels Ave., Auckland, S.E.6. South African: Brian Lello, S.A. Yachting, 58 Burg St., Cape Town. Sweden: Sveriges Catamaran Seglare, Mistelvagen 4, Lidingo. Area Organisers: Dennis Banham, Highlands, Blackstone, Redhill, Surrey. A. T. Brooke, 75 Craiglockhart Rd., Edinburgh 11. Fred Benyon-Tinker, 49 Pillar Gardens, Northfield Lane, Brixham, Devon. M. Garnet, 7 Reynolds Walk, Horfield, Bristol. John R. Novak. 23100 Vanowen St., Canoga Park, California. Editorial Sub-Committee: Michael Henderson, John Hogg. Editor and publisher: John Morwood, Woodacres, Hythe, Kent, England. All AYRS publications are copyright. 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Brewer, NA—Director BROOKLYN, MAINE, USA 04616 CONTENTS Page 5 Editorial 61 Aspect Ratio 6 TheAYRS 61 Air Entry 8 Introduction 61 Methods of Prevention 62 Easy Sea Motion CHAPTER I 62 Incidence Control 10 The Nature of Hydrofoils 62 Dihedral 11 The Traditional Hydrofoils 62 Foil Area 13 Asymmetrical Hydrofoils 63 Parallel Foils 14 Inverted T Stabilisers—Morwood 64 A Hydrofoil Sailing Craft— 17 The All Hydrofoil Sailing Craft Morwood 20 Miscellaneous Uses for Hydrofoils 66 Rock and Roll Boats—Julian Allen CHAPTER II CHAPTER VI 24 The Baker Hydrofoil Craft 69 FUN—Donald Robertson 26 Prof. Locke's Sailing Hydrofoils 70 Trimaran Conversion Unit—Allen 28 Catifoil Design—Dumpleton 71 CEREBUS—William H. Baur 30 A Hydrofoil Design in 1956— 73 AVOCET—Prof. Sir Martin Ryle Morwood 77 PARANG—Peter Cotterill 32 ENDEAVOUR'S Hydrofoils—Pearce 80 An Unusual Design—A. R. Gibbons 35 Hydrofoil Experiments—Robertson 81 A Cruising Hydrofoil Trimaran— 37 Letter—Coles Arthur Piver 38 Hydrofoils—Bob Harris 82 A Wingsail Design—William Baur CHAPTER III CHAPTER VII 40 JEHU 1957—John Morwood 85 G;Z/V10—William C. Prior 42 Hydrofoil Stabilisers—Morwood 87 The Prior Hydrofoil Craft No. 2 43 A Wave Power Device—Piver 88 FLYING W/NG—Erick J. Manners 44 PARANG—Morwood 91 The Aspect Ratio 92 Hydrofoil Systems—Morwood 95 Hydrofoils for a Catamaran— CHAPTER IV Morwood 47 Hydrofoil Craft—Bob Harris 48 Comte de Lambert 48 Forlanini CHAPTER VIII 48 Crocco 98 Water Bicycles—Morwood 48 Wright Brothers 99 Submerged Buoyancy 49 Richardson 99 Marine Drives 49 Guidoni 100 Hotchkiss (MPELLOR 50 Alexander Graham Bell 101 The Voith-Schneider propellor 50 Principles of Design—Height 101 AVOCET—letter, Martin Ryle Control 102 The Hook Hydrofoil 51 Air Entrainment 103 A Foil Crab Design—Garnett 51 Sweepback 106 Automatic Incidence Control— 52 Tietjens Trasenter 52 Von Schertel 53 Grunberg CHAPTER IX 53 The Hook "Hydrofin" 108 The Dibb Hydrofoil Trimaran 55 The Baker Craft 110 RYSA-John Morwood 56 Gilruth 112 Micronesian Hydrofoil—Morwood 57 The Carl Hydrofoils 115 TR/M—Albert J. Felice 58 Gibbs and Cox I 17 Downwind Yacht Design— 59 Conclusions Costagliola CHAPTER V CHAPTER X 60 The Design of Hydrofoils— 121 Opinions about Hydrofoil— Morwood Edmond Bruce 60 The Section 123 A Single Outrigger (Bruce Foil)— 60 The Upper Surface Bruce 60 The Lower Surface 60 The Entry CHAPTER XI 61 Thickness 129 Hydrofoil Stabi'i-,c-;—Morwood 61 The Plan Form 131 Letter—Andrew Norton 3 Page Page 132 Letter—Bill Holroyd 207 /CARUS—James Grogono 135 Letter—Helge Ingeberg 213 MANT/S—David and Peter G. 136 Hydrofoil Stabilisers—Bruce Clark Chinery 137 G. F. H. Singleton's FO/LER model CHAPTER XVIII CHAPTER XII 226 A Flying Hydrofoil Craft Joe Hood 139 Don Nigg's EXOCOETUS, Flying 230 SUNBIRD /i—Chris Rowe hydrofoil 231 A Foil Stabilised Hornet—Bren Ives 144 TR/PLE SEC—Paul Ashford and John Potts 147 W/LL/WAW—Dave Keiper 234 Learning to Sail a Hydrofoil— 149 A Hydrofoil Craft—R. R. A. Bratt Cockburn 151 A Hydrofoil Design—Morwood 238 A Flying Hydrofoil Catamaran— 152 WILUWAW—Dave Keiper Philip Hansford 153 Hydrofoils for a Racing Cat— Williams CHAPTER XIX 156 Hydrofoil Stabilised Craft—Feldman 241 WILLIWAW, Flying and Cruising— Keiper CHAPTER XIII CHAPTER XX 159 TRIPLE SEC with low A.R.—Ashford 250 "The Forty-Knot Sailboat"— 161 Low A.R. Bruce Foil Cruiser— Bernard Smith Perkins 252 Foil Model Experiments— 165 A Foil Trimaran—Henry Nason S. Wayne Wells 170 A Bruce Foil—O. Holtman 254 Dynamic Incidence Control— 172 Hydrofoil Stabilizers—Dearling W. Morton 256 The Russian Hydrofoils— CHAPTER XIV John Morwood 175 Don Nigg's FLYER, Mark II 180 A Racing Bruce Foil—David Buirski CHAPTER XXI 258 COQUI, Hydrofoil Stabilised—Morss CHAPTER XV 262 Bruce Clark Stabilisers on 18 foot 182 Centreboard Design—Morwood Canoe 185 Hydrofoil Tank Tests—Edmond 265 Hydrofoils on a Cat Hull- Bruce Peter Westerberg 189 Low A.R. Bruce foil- George Bagnell CHAPTER XXII 268 "The Poller"—Gerald Holtom 275 Automatic Incidence Control— CHAPTER XVI Norman Riggs 192 W/LL/WAW—Flying Hydrofoil— Keiper CHAPTER XXIII 195 Hydrofoil Plan Form Tests— 280 The Overall Conclusions— Feldman Morwood 197 SULU—Rodney Garrett 280 Hydrofoils on a C Class Cat- 204 The Squid—John Morwood Berkeley 281 To Hawaii in W/LL/WAW—Keiper CHAPTER XVII 282 Epilogue Design—David Chinery 206 AYRS Sailing Hydrofoil Meeting 284 The Curragh—John Morwood 4 EDITORIAL by John Morwood October, 1970 In 1955, when the AYRS was formed, the members were given a challenge. They were told that people had sailed their boats off the water, being lifted by underwater "wings," called "hydrofoils." We showed them photographs of the Baker hydrofoils "flying." We also told them that it was possible to stabilise a single, narrow hull with hydrofoils and again showed photographs. This book shows how our ingenious members took up this challenge. Year after year, members tried way after way of getting their boats to fly or, where stabilisers were wanted, we had examples of non-heeling sailing craft. Slowly, the design principles were worked out and the construction improved until : we now have the interesting craft shown in our closing pages. At this moment in time, we can hardly say that the hydrofoil boats which our members have produced have shown any vast improvement in speed over more conventional boats. The racing catamaran, for example, at present [ seems to be faster without hydrofoils than with them, even though flying. ! However, time will undoubtedly show still more improvement in hydrofoils ' in speed and, as stabilisers.