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IPM CRSP Annual Report 2007

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IPM CRSP Annual Report 2007 Phase III - Year Three: 2006-2007 Integrated Pest Management Collaborative Research Support Program Annual Report Management Entity for IPM CRSP: Office of International Research, Education, & Development (OIRED) Virginia Tech, 526 Prices Fork Road, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0378 www.oired.vt.edu/ipmcrsp/ USAID Cooperative Agreement No: EPP-A-00-04-00016-00 Cover Photo: Agricultural extension workers in Mali take a break while attending a pesticide safety education workshop in Bamako in June of 2007. Pat Hipkins Virginia Tech i IPM CRSP Annual Report 2007 Oct. 1, 2006 – Sept. 30, 2007 Integrated Pest Management Collaborative Research Support Program Report Coordinators S.K. De Datta, Administrative Principal Investigator Muni Muniappan, Program Director Larry Vaughan, Associate Program Director Miriam Rich, Communications Coordinator This publication was made possilbe through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and the generous support of the American people under terms of USAID Cooperative Agreement EPP-A-00-04-00016-00. ii IPM CRSP Management Entity S.K De Datta, Administrative PI, Director OIRED, Associate Provost R. Muniappan, Program Director Larry Vaughan, Associate Program Director Maria Elisa Christie, Program Director, Women in Development Miriam Rich, Communications Coordinator Debbie Francis, Program Coordination Assistant Robert Kenny, Senior Project Associate and Special Assistant to the Director IPM CRSP Program Advisory Board (PAB) John Dooley, Virginia Tech Alma Hobbs, Virginia State University Bobby Moser, Ohio State University Larry Olson, Michigan State University Thomas Schwedler, Clemson University Johnny Wynne, North Carolina State University Robert Hedlund, USAID S.K. De Datta, Virginia Tech R. Muniappan, Virginia Tech Larry Vaughan, Virginia Tech IPM CRSP Technical Committee George Norton, Virginia Tech, Chair Samuel Kayamanywa, Makerere University Jeffrey Alwang, Virginia Tech Mark Erbaugh, Ohio State University Edwin Rajotte, Pennsylvania State University Karim Maredia, Michigan State University Donald Mullins, Virginia Tech Douglas Pfeiffer, Virginia Tech Wondi Mersie, Virginia State University Sally Miller, Ohio State University Naidu Rayapati, Washington State University Sue Tolin, Virginia Tech Yulu Xia, North Carolina State University Robert Hedlund, USAID S.K. De Datta, Virginia Tech R. Muniappan, Virginia Tech Larry Vaughan, Virginia Tech Maria Elisa Christie, Virginia Tech IPM CRSP CTO Robert Hedlund, USAID iii Table of Contents Executive Summary .................................................................... 2 Regional Programs ..................................................................... 9 IPM in Latin America and the Caribbean: Crops for Broad-based Growth and Perennial Production for Fragile Ecosystems .................................................................. 10 Regional IPM Program for East Africa: Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda................................................................................ 14 Regional Integrated Pest Management Research and Education for South Asia ......................................................... 42 Ecologically-based Participatory IPM for Southeast Asia .... 73 Ecologically-Based Participatory and Collaborative Research and Capacity Building in IPM in the Central Asia Region ............................................................................... 95 West Africa IPM Center of Excellence................................... 103 Integrated Pest Management of Specialty Crops in Eastern Europe........................................................................ 111 Global Theme Programs......................................................... 122 Management of the Weed Parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) in Eastern and Southern Africa Using Integrated Cultural and Biological Measures....................... 123 Regional Diagnostic Laboratories......................................... 144 Integrated Management of Thrips-Borne Tospoviruses in Vegetable Cropping Systems ................................................ 163 Collaborative Assessment and Management of Insect- transmitted Viruses................................................................. 179 Applications of Information Technology and Databases in IPM in Developing Countries and Development of a Global IPM Technology Database ......................................... 199 IPM Impact Assessment ......................................................... 204 Training and Institutional Capacity Development................ 207 Short-term Training................................................................. 209 iv Appendix A: IPM CRSP Degree Training Participants (Graduate students): FY 2007 ................................................ 210 Appendix B. IPM CRSP Supported Undergraduate Students................................................................................... 215 Appendix C: IPM CRSP Non-Degree Training, FY 2007 ...... 216 Appendix D: Publications....................................................... 222 Appendix E - List of Acronyms.............................................. 233 Appendix F - Collaborating Institutions................................ 236 v Executive Summary The Integrated Pest Management Collaborative Research and Support Program (IPM CRSP) is an initiative of USAID. It is a collaborative partnership among U.S. and host country institutions with an emphasis on research, education, training, and information exchange. Virginia Tech has been implementing IPM CRSP since 1993. This annual report covers October 2006 through September 2007 of Phase III. The objectives of the IPM CRSP program are: to advance IPM science; to develop IPM technologies, information, and systems for sound land management; to improve IPM communication and education; to improve the ability of beneficial practitioners to manage knowledge resulting in widespread adaptation and adoption of ecologically- based IPM technologies, practices and systems; to provide information and capacity- building in order to reform and strengthen policies and local/national institutions that influence pest management; and to develop and integrate sustainable resource-based local enterprises into national, regional, and global markets. It is designed to develop and implement a replicable approach to IPM that will help reduce agricultural losses due to pests and damage to natural ecosystems including loss of biodiversity. Finally, it is designed to reduce pollution and contamination of food and water supplies. The IPM CRSP implements a participatory approach—from farmer to consumer—by generating and disseminating IPM knowledge. It follows an ecologically-based approach centered on four basic tactics: natural and biological control, host plant resistance to pests, pesticide resistance management, and habitat management. These tactics are supported by social, gender, and policy/regulatory analysis to create the necessary environment for IPM adoption, and they are linked to communication, training and educational programs. In the past year, the IPM CRSP strove to regionalize and globalize projects that were institutionalized in the Phases I and II. There are seven regional programs: South Asia, Southeast Asia, Central Asia, West Africa, East Africa, Eastern Europe, and Latin America and the Caribbean. Additionally, the IPM CRSP includes six cross-cutting global theme programs that include: management of the invasive weed Parthenium in East and South Africa, regional disease diagnostic laboratories, management of insect- transmitted viruses, thrips-borne tospoviruses, information technology and databases, and impact assessment. These global theme programs were designed to complement the regional programs. The IPM CRSP 2007 Annual Report is organized into the following sections: regional program research activity reports, cross-cutting global theme program activities, and training and institutional capacity development. IPM CRSP training outputs for FY 2007 are: 2 • 57 long-term degree students (37 men and 20 women) and 23,214 short-term participants, with a gender ratio of 2:1 men: women. • 42 journal articles and abstracts • 6 reports • 12 bulletins • 3 manuals • 2 pamphlets • 9 websites • 44 presentations Regional Programs IPM in Latin America and the Caribbean: Crops for broad-based Growth and Perennial Production for Fragile Ecosystems Principal Investigator: Jeffrey Alwang, Virginia Tech Host Countries: Honduras, Ecuador The objective of this program is to develop effective farmer-friendly technologies in IPM in vegetables and perennials, and to advance IPM science in the LAC region. Some of the salient findings were: In Ecuador, an assessment of pathogens in cocoa/plantain-producing areas was made. The intimate association of the vascular wilt pathogen, Fusarium oxysporum, and the root knot nematode, Meloydogyne incognita, has been established in areas growing the indigenous fruit, naranjilla. The combination of resistant rootstocks used for late blight and fruit borer control yielded 13% more than the sum of individual contributions. The solarization of soil using clear plastic resulted in lower transplant mortality and improved vigor in onions, lettuce, beets and cauliflower. In Honduras, pretreatment of strawberry transplants with hot water (43 degree C) for 30 minutes killed all forms of the Cyclamen mite. It was observed that the predatory mite Neoseiulus californicus has potential for control of the Cyclamen mite in strawberries. Spray
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