DOCSLIB.ORG

Incorporation: Constraints on Variation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Incorporation: Constraints on Variation Incorporation: Constraints on variation Published by LOT phone: +31 20 525 2461 Kloveniersburgwal 48 1012 CX Amsterdam e-mail: [email protected] The Netherlands http://www.lotschool.nl Cover illustration: Marieke Olthof. The cover of this thesis shows eight of the reference grammars that have been used as data sources for this research. ISBN: 978-94-6093-360-8 NUR: 616 Copyright © 2020: Marieke Olthof. All rights reserved. Incorporation: Constraints on variation ACADEMISCH PROEFSCHRIFT ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit van Amsterdam op gezag van de Rector Magnificus prof. dr. ir. K.I.J. Maex ten overstaan van een door het College voor Promoties ingestelde commissie, in het openbaar te verdedigen in de Agnietenkapel op vrijdag 4 september 2020, te 10.00 uur door Marieke Diana Olthof geboren te Zaanstad Promotiecommissie: Promotoren: dr. J. Don Universiteit van Amsterdam prof. dr. P.C. Hengeveld Universiteit van Amsterdam Overige leden: dr. S.P. Aalberse Universiteit van Amsterdam prof. dr. E.O. Aboh Universiteit van Amsterdam prof. dr. M.B.H. Everaert Universiteit Utrecht dr. J. Mattissen Universität Köln prof. dr. A.P. Versloot Universiteit van Amsterdam Faculteit der Geesteswetenschappen This work is part of the research program PhDs in the Humanities with project number 322–70–011, which is financed by the Dutch Research Council (NWO). Table of contents Acknowledgments ix Author contributions xi List of abbreviations xiii List of online materials xv 1 Introduction 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Research aim and research topics 5 1.3 Approach and data 7 2 Noun incorporation in Functional Discourse Grammar 2.1 Introduction 13 2.2 Functional Discourse Grammar 15 2.3 Defining noun incorporation in FDG 16 2.4 The IL-ML interface 19 2.4.1 The interpersonal category of the incorporated noun 20 2.4.2 The head of the incorporated noun 22 2.4.3 The pragmatic operators applying to the incorporated noun 23 2.4.4 The pragmatic function of the incorporated noun 24 2.5 The RL-ML interface 27 2.5.1 The semantic layer of the incorporated noun 27 2.5.2 The semantic function of the incorporated noun 30 2.5.3 Type of dependent with respect to the incorporating verb 34 2.5.4 Morphosyntactic alignment 38 2.5.5 Relationality 41 2.6 The ML-PL interface 42 2.6.1 The head of the incorporated noun 42 2.6.2 The phonological layer of the incorporated noun 44 2.7 A worked example 45 2.7.1 Introduction 45 2.7.2 The IL-ML interface 47 2.7.3 The RL-ML interface 48 2.7.4 The ML-PL interface 50 2.7.5 Mappings 51 2.8 Discussion and conclusions 51 vi 3 Formal variation in incorporation: A typological study and a unified approach 3.1 Introduction 53 3.2 Theoretical background 58 3.2.1 Previous accounts of incorporation 58 3.2.2 Incorporation in Functional Discourse Grammar 60 3.2.3 Implications of the FDG definition of incorporation 63 3.3 Hypotheses 70 3.3.1 The possible forms of incorporated elements 70 3.3.2 The cross-linguistic distribution of the various forms of incorporated elements 72 3.4 Method 73 3.4.1 Sampling procedure 73 3.4.2 Data analysis 76 3.5 Results 78 3.5.1 The possible forms of incorporated elements 79 3.5.2 The cross-linguistic distribution of the various forms of incorporated elements 88 3.6 Conclusion 89 4 Referentiality and modifiability of incorporated nouns: Cross- and intra- linguistic variation 4.1 Introduction 91 4.2 Referentiality and modifiability in FDG 93 4.2.1 Referentiality 93 4.2.2 Modifiability 98 4.2.3 Pragmatic-semantic typology of common nouns in FDG 101 4.3 Method 103 4.3.1 Sampling procedure 103 4.3.2 Definition of noun incorporation 107 4.3.3 Data analysis 110 4.4 Results 114 4.5 Discussion 118 4.6 Conclusion 123 5 Verb-based restrictions on noun incorporation across languages 5.1 Introduction 127 5.2 Definition, theoretical background and research questions 129 5.2.1 Defining noun incorporation 129 5.2.2 Theoretical background 132 5.2.2.1 Noun incorporation and semantic transitivity 132 vii 5.2.2.2 Noun incorporation and morphosyntactic transitivity 133 5.2.3 Research questions 136 5.3 Typological survey 137 5.3.1 Method and data 137 5.3.2 Results and discussion 139 5.3.2.1 Frequently incorporating verbs 139 5.3.2.2 Morphosyntactic transitivity 140 5.3.2.3 Other factors 141 5.3.2.4 Variation across languages 142 5.4 Questionnaire-based case studies 143 5.4.1 Method and data 143 5.4.1.1 Questionnaire design 143 5.4.1.2 Language sample and data 144 5.4.1.3 Method 146 5.4.2 Results and discussion 147 5.4.2.1 Frequently incorporating verbs 147 5.4.2.2 Morphosyntactic transitivity 150 5.4.2.3 Other factors 153 5.4.2.4 Variation across languages 156 5.5 Discussion and conclusion 157 6 Incorporation and linguistic theory 6.1 Theoretical approaches to incorporation 161 6.2 Basic settings and implicational hierarchies 162 6.3 Morphosyntactic forms of incorporated elements 163 6.4 Pragmatic referentiality and semantic modifiability 166 6.5 Verb-based lexical restrictions 171 6.6 Conclusion 172 References 175 Appendix 1 List of incorporating languages 191 Appendix 2 Proportions of language families 199 Appendix 3 Sources consulted for the sample languages in Chapter 3 201 Appendix 4 Sources consulted for the sample languages in Chapter 4 219 Appendix 5 Language sample and sources consulted for the typological survey in Chapter 5 227 Summary 235 Samenvatting (summary in Dutch) 239 Curriculum Vitae 243 Acknowledgments A lot of people have contributed to this thesis in many different ways. I am very thankful both for the help that has been essential for the content of the thesis and for the support that has made the four years of research a very positive experience. First of all, I would like to thank my two supervisors, Kees Hengeveld and Jan Don, for all their advice, their time and the smooth cooperation. Kees, thank you for suggesting that we could write a proposal for the PhDs in the Humanities in the first place. I am also very grateful for your positivity, the insightful discussions and your generous help during the whole project. Jan, your non-FDG theoretical perspective has been extremely useful. Thank you for teaching me so much and for all your careful reading and detailed and constructive comments. I also wish to thank my co-authors with whom I wrote two of the chapters of this thesis: Kees Hengeveld, for Chapter 2, and Eva van Lier, Tjeu Claessen, Swintha Danielsen, Katharina Haude, Nico Lehmann, Maarten Mous, Elisabeth Verhoeven, Eline Visser, Marine Vuillermet and Arok Wolvengrey, for Chapter 5. Working together in this way was a very valuable experience. A special thanks goes to Eva van Lier. Eva, I really enjoyed all the times we sat together behind one of our desks to work on our project, and I learned a lot from you. I would like to express my gratitude to all the researchers who helped me analyze the data of their languages of expertise: Colleen Ahland, Alexandra Aikhenvald, Gregory Anderson, Anna Bugaeva, Michael Dunn, Nicholas Evans, William Foley, Michael Fortescue, Donald Frantz, Stefan Georg, Talmy Givón, Katharina Haude, Christian Lehmann, Diane Massam, Marianne Mithun, Thomas Payne, Keren Rice, Tomomi Sato and Fernando Zúñiga. I am indebted to the participants of the seventh International Workshop on Functional Discourse Grammar for their feedback on Chapter 2, to Frank Seifart and Ulrika Klomp for their suggestions for Chapter 3 and to Sune Gregersen and Søren Wichmann for their comments on Chapter 5. I am also thankful for the feedback that I received from the anonymous reviewers of Chapter 3, 4 and 5. Thanks to Tijmen Klous for proofreading Chapter 1 and 6 and the summary. In addition, I would like to express my appreciation to Suzanne Aalberse, Enoch Aboh, Martin Everaert, Johanna Mattissen and Arjen Versloot for agreeing to be part of my doctorate committee. I gratefully acknowledge the financing of the project that resulted in this thesis (project number 322-70-011, research program PhDs in the Humanities) by the Dutch Research Council (NWO). I am also very thankful to all my (former) colleagues at the P.C. Hoofthuis for creating such a pleasant atmosphere and fruitful research environment. A big thanks x to Cindy, Dunja, Imme, Iris, Kiki, Klaas, Marloes, Merel, Natalia, Rosa, Sune, Sybren, Tessa, Thom, Tiffany and Ulrika for all the chats and for the lunches on the fifth floor. I am really happy that I got to spend my time as a PhD researcher with you. Thanks to my office mates Fabienne, Jakko, Nadia, Sune and Thom for making our attic room a nice place to work. Thanks to Andreas, Dunja, Hongmei, Jie, Kiki, Marloes and Ulrika for the open and encouraging talks about our experiences as PhD researchers in our peer coaching group. Thanks to the Language description & typology research group for the interesting and helpful meetings. Of course a special thanks goes to my paranymphs Sune and Ulrika. Ik wil ook graag mijn vrienden en familie bedanken die er de afgelopen vier jaar ook juist buiten de universiteit voor me zijn geweest. Bedankt Emma, Katja, Sabine, Sofie en Tereza voor alle IKC-tijd. Emma en Tereza, als ik denk aan de afgelopen vier jaar denk ik toch ook meteen aan alle gezellige avondjes bij elkaar thuis eten in Amsterdam.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Highlights from Three Language Families in Southwest China
    Highlights from three Language Families in Southwest China Matthias Gerner RFLR Monographs Matthias Gerner Highlights from three Language Families in Southwest China RFLR Monographs Volume 3 Matthias Gerner Highlights from three Language Families in Southwest China Burmese-Lolo, Tai-Kadai, Miao Research Foundation Language and Religion e-Book ISBN 978-3-947306-91-6 e-Book DOI https://doi.org/10.23772/9783947306916 Print ISBN 978-3-947306-90-9 Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie and available in the Internet at https://www.dnb.de. © 2019 Research Foundation Language and Religion Duisburg, Germany https://www.rflr.org Printing and binding: Print Simply GmbH, Frankfurt Printed in Germany IX Acknowledgement God created rare language phenomena like those hidden in the Burmese-Lolo, Tai-Kadai and Miao languages which are the subject of this monograph (Proverbs 25:2). I am grateful to Emil Reschke and Siegfried Lechner of Research Foundation Language and Religion for their kind assistance. The following native speakers have provided helpful discussion: Michael Mǎhǎi 马海, Zhū Wén Xù 朱文旭, Hú Sùhúa 胡素华, Āyù Jĭpō 阿育几坡, Shí Défù 石德富, Zhāng Yǒngxiáng 张永祥, Wú Zhèngbiāo 吴正彪, Xióng Yùyǒu 熊玉有, Zhāng Yǒng 张勇, Wú Shìhuá 吴世华, Shí Lín 石林, Yáng Chéngxīng 杨成星, Lǐ Xùliàn 李旭练. The manuscript received feedback from colleagues who commented on the data presented at eleven international conferences between 2006 and 2016. Thanks are due to Jens Weigel for the cover design and to Jason Kline for proofreading the manuscript. X Preface The Burmese-Lolo, Tai-Kadai, Miao-Yao and Chinese languages form a loose Sprachbund in Southwest China with hundreds of languages coexisting and assimilating to each other.
    [Show full text]
  • Crow and Cheyenne Women| Some Differences in Their Roles As Related to Tribal History
    University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1969 Crow and Cheyenne women| Some differences in their roles as related to tribal history Carole Ann Clark The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Clark, Carole Ann, "Crow and Cheyenne women| Some differences in their roles as related to tribal history" (1969). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 1946. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/1946 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. COPYRIGHT ACT OF 1976 THIS IS AN UNPUBLISHED MANUSCRIPT IN WHICH COPYRIGHT SUB­ SISTS. ANY FURTHER REPRINTING OF ITS CONTENTS MUST BE APPROVED BY THE AUTHOR. IVIANSFIELD LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA DATE : U-- - ~ CROW AND CHEYENNE WOMEN r SOME DIFFERENCES IN THEIR ROLES AS RELATED TO TRIBAL HISTORY by Carole Ann Clark B.A., University of Montana, 1?66 Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA 1969 Approved by Chairman, Board of iicaminers L, 'Graduate 'School UMI Number: EP35023 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted.
    [Show full text]
  • Amicus Brief of Timothy P. Mccleary
    No. 17-532 In the Supreme Court of the United States ––––––––––––––– CLAYVIN HERRERA, PETITIONER, v. WYOMING, RESPONDENT. ––––––––––––––– On Writ of Certiorari to the District Court of Wyoming, Sheridan County ––––––––––––––– BRIEF FOR TIMOTHY P. MCCLEARY, JANINE PEASE, ELIZABETH SWANK, ESTHER WYNNE, SARA BENJAMIN-NEELON, CAITLIN BORGMANN, MEGAN SINGER, AND SAMUEL ENEMY-HUNTER AS AMICI CURIAE IN SUPPORT OF PETITIONER ––––––––––––––– ALEX RATE ASHLEY C. PARRISH ACLU OF MONTANA Counsel of Record Post Office Box 9138 JEREMY M. BYLUND KING & SPALDING LLP Missoula, MT 59807 1700 Pennsylvania Ave., NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] (202) 737-0500 Counsel for Amici Curiae September 11, 2018 i TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF AUTHORITIES ....................................... ii INTEREST OF AMICI CURIAE................................. 1 SUMMARY OF ARGUMENT ..................................... 4 ARGUMENT ................................................................ 5 I. The Crow Tribe’s Right To Hunt Is Protected In Treaties With The United States. ................................................................... 5 II. Retracting The Right To Hunt Threatens Public Health On The Crow Reservation. ......... 11 CONCLUSION .......................................................... 20 APPENDIX Appendix A Dry Meat Stew Recipe Card ............................... 1a Appendix B Elk Sausage Recipe Card ................................... 2a Appendix C Choke Cherry X-masballs Recipe Card .............. 3a Appendix D Elk Soup Recipe Card ......................................... 4a ii TABLE OF AUTHORITIES Cases Confederated Tribes of Umatilla Indian Reservation v. Maison, 262 F. Supp. 871 (D. Or. 1966)........................... 10 Crow Tribe of Indians v. Repsis, 866 F. Supp. 520 (D. Wyo. 1994), aff’d 73 F.3d 982 (10th Cir. 1995) ........ 8, 9, 10, 11 Holcomb v. Confederated Tribes of Umatilla Indian Reservation, 382 F.2d 1013 (9th Cir. 1967) ............................ 10 Mille Lacs Band of Chippewa Indians v. Minnesota, 124 F.3d 904 (8th Cir.
    [Show full text]
  • Information to Users
    INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfihn master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter fece, while others may be from any type o f computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely afreet reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back o f the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6” x 9” black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zed) Road, Ann Arbor MI 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 A WORD-AND-PARADIGM APPROACH TO REDUPUCATION DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University by Andrew D.
    [Show full text]
  • Climate Change, the Crow Tribe and Indigenous Knowledge
    Research for Resilience: Climate Change, the Crow Tribe and Indigenous Knowledge: Part 1 By Linda Moon Stumpff1 Photography by Aaron Teasdale2 Abstract. This case illustrates how resilience can emerge from the interaction between different knowledge systems that make ecosystems and communities more resilient while facing the negative effects of climate change. Long-term cultural knowledge about adaptation and restoration is often missing from agency viewpoints that would lead to a protective shield of resilience for both environments and cultures. A fictional character, Veronica Stevens, a Native scientist who serves in dual capacities as a researcher with forestry experience and as a tribal relationship professional, narrates the case. She faces the challenge of opening up the communication channels for Indigenous knowledge to become a major component of agency planning and practice through the development of a framework that incorporates some of the knowledge and experience of the Crow Nation whose historic lands form the template for understanding ecological practices and principles. Part I chronicles the challenges an indigenous researcher faces when trying to communicate indigenous knowledge research into the understanding of government policy and land management. 1 Copyright 2020 Linda Moon Stumpff PhD (San Carlos Apache) is an emerita faculty in the graduate programs for Tribal Governance, which she founded, and for Environmental Studies. She completed doctoral work in Natural Resource Policy at USC and served as Director of the Master of Public Administration Program while developing the Tribal Governance track. Before joining Evergreen she served as a Chief Ranger in the NPS and in Ecosystem Planning in the Forest Service.
    [Show full text]
  • Siouan and Caddoan Languages Conference
    Proceedings of the 39th Siouan and Caddoan Languages Conference Held at Northeastern State University Broken Arrow, Oklahoma May 30­31, 2019 Editors Ryan M. Kasak Samiron Dutta Justin T. McBride Kasak, Ryan M., Samiron Dutta & Justin T. McBride (eds.). 2020. Proceedings of the 39th Siouan and Caddoan Languages Conference. Broken Arrow, OK: Northeastern State Univeristy Depart­ ment of Languages and Literature. This title can be downloaded at: http://www.siouan.org/proceedings/sclc39/ © 2020, the authors Published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Licence (CC BY 4.0): http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ISSN: 2641­9904 (digital) Typesetting: Ryan Kasak Proofreading: Ryan Kasak, Justin T. McBride, & Samiron Dutta Font: Times New Roman Typesetting software: XƎLATEX&BIBTEX First printing, 7/31/2020 Contents Acknowledgments ....................................... iii Preface ............................................. v Another Catawba lexicon Samiron Dutta & David Kaufman ............................. 1 Considerations for the continuation of a Kansa corpus Justin T. McBride ...................................... 39 Functions of the prefix wa­ in Umoⁿhoⁿ Julie Marsault ........................................ 53 More Jiwere­Baxoje fantastic creatures from the Dark Side Jill D. Greer ......................................... 63 Unaccusativity in Crow Edwin Ko .......................................... 83 About the Proceedings ..................................... 103 i Acknowledgments Many people helped to make SCLC 39 a success,
    [Show full text]
  • The Grammar of Words
    www.IELTS4U.blogfa.com Series editors Keith Brown, Eve V. Clark, April McMahon, Jim Miller, and Lesley Milroy The Grammar of Words www.IELTS4U.blogfa.com O XFORD T EXTBOOKS IN L INGUISTICS General editors: Keith Brown, University of Cambridge; Eve V. Clark, Stanford University; April McMahon, University of Sheffield; Jim Miller, University of Auckland; Lesley Milroy, University of Michigan This series provides lively and authoritative introductions to the approaches, methods, and theories associated with the main subfields of linguistics. P The Grammar of Words An Introduction to Linguistic Morphology by Geert Booij A Practical Introduction to Phonetics Second edition by J. C. Catford Meaning in Language An Introduction to Semantics and Pragmatics Second edition by Alan Cruse www.IELTS4U.blogfa.comPrinciples and Parameters An Introduction to Syntactic Theory by Peter W. Culicover Semantic Analysis A Practical Introduction by Cliff Goddard Cognitive Grammar An Introduction by John R. Taylor Linguistic Categorization Third edition by John R. Taylor I Pragmatics by Yan Huang The Grammar of Words An Introduction to Linguistic Morphology Geert Booij www.IELTS4U.blogfa.com 1 3 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan South Korea Poland Portugal Singapore Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • TTTLE Teaching English to the Lao (Revised Version). General Information Series# 19. Refugee Education
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 203 698 FL 012 382 TTTLE Teaching English to the Lao (Revised Version) . General Information Series #19. Refugee Education Guides. INSTITUTION Center for Applied Linguistics, Washington, D.C. Language and Orientation Resource Center. SPONS AGENCY Office of Refugee Resettlement (DHHS), Washington, D.C. PUB DATE Jun 91 CONTRACT 600-79-0061 NOTE. 57p. !DRS PPICF MF01/PC03 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTOI'S Cor,trastive Linauistics: *English (Second Language) : *Lao: Postsecondary Education: *Pronunciation Instruction.: Refugees: *Second Language Instruction: Sino Tibetan Languages: Uncommonly Taught Languages ABSTRACT The purpose of this guide is to provide information on *.he Lao language and alphabet for the use of Americans who are teaching English to Jthnic Lao refugees, and to provide English pronunciation lessons dealing with the particular problems Lao speakers have.. Examples of Lao words and sente'ces are given throughout the guide, mostly in a phonetic alphabet.'Sections are devoted to the characteristics of the Lao language, to the Lao alphabet, and to specific English pronunciation lessons. Sources for further reference are appended. (Author/JB) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are,the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** LANGUAGE AND ORIENTATION RESOURCE CENTER PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS IATEMALHASBEENGRANTEDBY Center for Applied Linguistics Center for Applied Linguistics 3520 Prospect St., N.W. Washington, D.C. 20007 0 THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES kIFORMATION CENTER (ERIC." U.S DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION & WELFARE 800-424-3750, 800-424-3701 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION General InformationSeries #19 Refugee Education Guides 11115 DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRO. DUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM CO THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGIN.
    [Show full text]
  • ONLINE APPENDIX: Not for Print Publication
    ONLINE APPENDIX: not for print publication A Additional Tables and Figures Figure A1: Permutation Tests Panel A: Female Labor Force Participation Panel B: Gender Difference in Labor Force Participation A1 Table A1: Cross-Country Regressions of LFP Ratio Dependent variable: LFPratio Specification: OLS OLS OLS (1) (2) (3) Proportion speaking gender language -0.16 -0.25 -0.18 (0.03) (0.04) (0.04) [p < 0:001] [p < 0:001] [p < 0:001] Continent Fixed Effects No Yes Yes Country-Level Geography Controls No No Yes Observations 178 178 178 R2 0.13 0.37 0.44 Robust standard errors are clustered by the most widely spoken language in all specifications; they are reported in parentheses. P-values are reported in square brackets. LFPratio is the ratio of the percentage of women in the labor force, mea- sured in 2011, to the percentage of men in the labor force. Geography controls are the percentage of land area in the tropics or subtropics, average yearly precipitation, average temperature, an indicator for being landlocked, and the Alesina et al. (2013) measure of suitability for the plough. A2 Table A2: Cross-Country Regressions of LFP | Including \Bad" Controls Dependent variable: LFPf LFPf - LFPm Specification: OLS OLS (1) (2) Proportion speaking gender language -6.66 -10.42 (2.80) (2.84) [p < 0:001] [p < 0:001] Continent Fixed Effects Yes Yes Country-Level Geography Controls Yes Yes Observations 176 176 R2 0.57 0.68 Robust standard errors are clustered by the most widely spoken language in all specifications; they are reported in parentheses.
    [Show full text]
  • An Exploratory Study of the Crow Fair
    The Qualitative Report Volume 16 Number 1 Article 2 1-1-2011 Culture for Sale? An Exploratory Study of the Crow Fair Thomas D. Bordelon University of Southern Indiana, [email protected] Marie Opatrny University of Southern Indiana, [email protected] Wendy G. Turner University of Southern Indiana, [email protected] Steven D. Williams University of Southern Indiana Follow this and additional works at: https://nsuworks.nova.edu/tqr Part of the Quantitative, Qualitative, Comparative, and Historical Methodologies Commons, and the Social Statistics Commons Recommended APA Citation Bordelon, T. D., Opatrny, M., Turner, W. G., & Williams, S. D. (2011). Culture for Sale? An Exploratory Study of the Crow Fair. The Qualitative Report, 16(1), 10-37. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2011.1037 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the The Qualitative Report at NSUWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Qualitative Report by an authorized administrator of NSUWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Culture for Sale? An Exploratory Study of the Crow Fair Abstract This paper describes an ethnographically-oriented participant-observation study conducted during the annual Crow Fair, held in south central Montana. Data collected included audio-recorded interviews with participants, participant observations, photographic and video recordings. Narrative interviews were transcribed and analyzed using the constant comparison method. Multiple data sources improved the veracity of this study through triangulation, and four themes emerged from the data: commercialization, alcohol abuse, spirituality, and community. The researchers discuss these themes and their conclusions regarding the "selling" of Native American culture as a form of cultural transmission.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 2002
    Max-Planck-Institut für Psycholinguistik ANNUAL REPORT 2002 Editors: Jürgen Bohnemeyer, Ann Kelly and Rasha Abdel Rahman Production: Evelyn Giering and Ad Verbunt ©2002 Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics Wundtlaan 1, 6525 XD Nijmegen, P.O. Box 310, 6500 AH Nijmegen, The Netherlands Telephone: +31 (0)24 3521 911/Telefax: +31 (0)24 3521 213 e-mail: [email protected] Web-Site: http://www.mpi.nl Table of contents Preface Organization of the Institute in 2002 Project Descriptions 1 PHONOLOGICAL LEARNING FOR SPEECH PERCEPTION 3 2 DECODING CONTINUOUS SPEECH 13 3 UTTERANCE ENCODING 23 4 NEUROCOGNITION OF LANGUAGE PROCESSING 37 5 MULTIMODAL INTERACTION 47 6 GESTURE 53 7 SPACE 65 8 ISLAND MELANESIA 95 9 EVENT REPRESENTATION 105 10 THE ROLE OF FINITENESS 129 11 THE DYNAMICS OF LEARNER VARIETIES 143 12 OTHER RESEARCH 155 13 TECHNICAL GROUP 161 14 OTHER ACTIVITIES 173 PUBLICATIONS 197 Index 215 Preface Psycholinguistics is an inherently interdisciplinary field. Institutions which admit interdisciplinarity in their organization are, however, hard to find. For psycholinguistics this means that most of its practitioners work in a less interdisciplinary environment than they might consider optimal. Universities hardly have departments or faculties of psycholinguistics; most psycholinguists work either in a department of psychology or a department of linguistics. A whole institute of psycholinguistics, with dozens of full-time researchers and dozens of graduate students, exists only in Nijmegen. In the MPI for Psycholinguistics, the Max Planck Society created an institution which is unique, and which plays a very important role in its field, offering nourishment to the discipline of psycholinguistics worldwide - as our many graduates, ex-members of staff and visitors over the past decades can attest.
    [Show full text]
  • 10.1515 Ling-2019-0036
    UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Formal variation in incorporation: A typological study and a unified approach Olthof, M. DOI 10.1515/ling-2019-0036 Publication date 2020 Document Version Final published version Published in Linguistics License CC BY Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Olthof, M. (2020). Formal variation in incorporation: A typological study and a unified approach. Linguistics, 58(1), 131-205. https://doi.org/10.1515/ling-2019-0036 General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:05 Oct 2021 Linguistics 2020; 58(1): 131–205 Marieke Olthof* Formal variation in incorporation: A typological study and a unified approach https://doi.org/10.1515/ling-2019-0036 Abstract: This study investigates the formal variation in elements involved in incorporation structures.
    [Show full text]