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Download (PDF) page Honolulu Diamond Sangha Spring, 2021 Record of Ease Case 74: Fayan's Form and Name by Michael Kieran "A monk asked Fayan, "The received teachings have the saying 'All things stem from the root of non-abiding.' What about this root of non-abiding?" Fayan said, "Appearances blossom immaterially. Names arise namelessly." Today we have the wonderful master Fayan Wenyi. the basis of false discrimination." Manjushri We've met him many times before in our Dharma asked, "What is the basis of erroneous Assemblies. This is the sixth time he has appeared in conception?" Vimalakīrti said, "Non-abiding the Record of Ease alone. is the basis." Manjushri asked, "What is the basis of non-abiding?" Vimalakīrti said, The received teaching in this case is the Vimalakīrti Sūtra. Here is the full passage from the Sūtra that the "Non-abiding has no basis. Manjushri, all monk is asking about: things are established from a non-abiding basis." Manjushri asked Vimalakīrti, "What is the basis of the body?" Vimalakīrti said, So yes, what about this basis of non-abiding? First, "Craving is the basis of the body." Manjushri what is meant by the "basis" or "root"? Shakyamuni asked, "What is the basis of craving?" taught that all things, everything that exists, exists Vimalakīrti said, "False discrimination is the by way of interdependence with other things. This basis of craving." Manjushri asked, "What is is the teaching of pratitya samutpada or conditioned the basis of false discrimination?" arising. Put in simple terms: for A to exist, B must Vimalakīrti said, "Erroneous conception is exist. To say it more dynamically and accurately, B page 2 is the condition or basis which allows A to arise. If B nowhere, you are hearing these words! Where is does not arise, then A will not arise. This is this taking place? conditioned arising. So "basis" or "root" is not a To abide means to go along with, to comply and, separate and ultimate cause or creator like God, that also, to continue, to dwell, to live. Non-abiding isn't creates something out of nothing. Rather, when the opposite of abiding. Non-abiding throws out the speaking of the root or basis in the context of whole framework of abiding or not abiding, of Buddhism, we are speaking about how things are dwelling or not dwelling, living or not living. Non- related through conditioned arising. The classic abiding! example of this is Buddha's teaching of the twelve- fold causal chain of existence: Fayan's grandfather in the dharma, the master Xuansha realized the non-abiding nature of all Ignorance—is the basis of —> 1. things one day when he was descending the Volitional actions—are the basis of —> 2. mountain from his monastery and stubbed his toe 3. Consciousness—is the basis of —> on a sharp rock. As it began to bleed and throb, he 4. Name-and-Form—are the basis of —> cried out, “Body and mind do not exist. Where does 5. Six senses—are the basis of —> this pain come from?” and in that moment, he was 6. Contact—is the basis of —> deeply awakened. 7. Sensation—is the basis of —> 8. Craving—is the basis of —> In this way the whole chain of conditioned arising 9. Clinging or attachment—is the basis of —> reverses. Without ignorance as a basis, volitional 10. Becoming—is the basis of —> actions don't arise. Without the basis of volitional 11. Birth—is the basis of —> actions, consciousness does not arise, and without 12. Death/decay/lamentation—is the basis of —> consciousness, name and form do not arise, and so Ignorance on to no birth and death, which also have no basis on which to arise. This is not a sequence of discrete and on and on it goes, endlessly. steps in time. It is simply a description of inter- The links of chain that Manjushri and Vimalakīrti dependent relationships among the various elements, speak of in the Vimalakīrti Sūtra are slightly while the various elements themselves are non- different, but the linkage of conditioned arising is abiding. Thus the whole thing rolls out all at once the same. Craving is the basis of the body. False and can roll up and collapse all at once too, as it did discrimination is the root or basis of craving. for Xuansha when he stubbed his toe. Erroneous conception is the basis of false discrimination, and non-abiding is the basis of Dōgen's teacher Tiantong Rujing expressed it this erroneous conception. And what is the basis of non- way in a verse: abiding? Non-abiding doesn't abide anywhere. Non The entire body is like a mouth hung in -abiding has no basis. Each dharma in the chain has space. non-abiding as its basis. Non-abiding has no basis, It does not matter from what direction the so body, craving, and discrimination also have no wind blows basis. In this way, as Vimalakīrti then says, "All —north, south, east, west— things are established from a non-abiding basis." The wind bell always makes the sound of So what about this non-abiding basis of all things? awakening Yes, non-abiding itself has no basis. And yet, even "ting, …. ting, … ting, . ting" though the words I am speaking right now abide This doesn't happen to us; it is how we happen. In page 3 Case 61 of the Blue Cliff Record we find this account: fear arises, just gently and continuously stay with Mu or your count of the breath. The fear too has a Fengxue handed down the word saying, non-abiding basis. "If you establish a single mote of dust the state prospers. If you don't establish a As we learn to rely on and trust in our own non- single mote of dust, the state perishes." abiding basis rather than beliefs and fixed concepts, we find that we can begin to work more easily and And like the links of the Buddha's twelve-fold fittingly with whatever arises. Relying on our non- causal chain, this prospering and perishing are not abiding basis, new perspectives and new ways to discrete steps in time—yesterday or a moment ago move and function appear because the basis of all of we were prospering and now we're perishing. No, this is non-abiding. we and the universe prosper and perish in exactly the same place at exactly the same time. Where and This non-abiding functionality is personified in when is that? Who is reading these words? Mahayana Buddhism by the Bodhisattva Samantabhadra, the "Great action Bodhisattva," as Fengxue continued: we say in our meal ceremony gathas. If you can clearly understand here, you Fayan presents this free and unfettered functionality have no separate part. It's all this old in his reply to the monk: monk and I am just you. You and I can awaken everyone in the world and can "Appearances blossom immaterially. also delude everyone in the world. Do Names arise namelessly." you want to know 'you'? (Fengxue Fayan borrows a line from the Jewel Treasury slapped his left side and said) Here it is. Treatise written by the 5th Century master Sengzhao, Do you want to know 'me'? (Fengxue not to explain the matter, but to immediately and slapped his right side and said) Here it is. directly demonstrate how all things stem from the This non-abiding basis of all things—this arriving root of non-abiding: and passing away at the very same time—how is it Appearances-blossom-immaterially… a basis? Names arise-namelessly… Is it a basis? Yes, indeed it is the basis, and it's Someone asked me recently, "What does it mean to wonderfully reliable. Here called "the non-abiding say that anger is empty?" What a simple and basis," elsewhere called "the unborn" or "Buddha- profound question! I said, “It means that there is no nature" or your "Original face before your parents one who is angry. Anger and emptiness are two were born"—so many wonderfully creative ways different names for the same experience.” The the Buddhas and Ancestors had to awaken us to inquirer then said, "But that doesn't mean anger isn't who and what we are. real, right?" It's not uncommon as people sink more and more RIGHT! If we dismiss our anger, telling ourselves it deeply into their Zazen that fear may arise. As the isn't real, then we dismiss our very life as not real. non-abiding basis begins to show itself, we may When I say that anger and emptiness are two experience it as a loss. But really, nothing is lost different names for the same experience, what I am except our false ideas. The basis of all that exists saying is how anger is real; HOW it is. In the context has been non-abiding all along and we've been of our case, we could say the basis of anger is non- doing more or less okay, haven’t we? So not to abiding. What is this non-abiding? It is not that all worry as you enter more completely into the non- things are created out of nothing (creatio ex nihilo). abiding basis of Mu, or of your breath counting. If That would make the things of the world separate page 4 from their empty nature. But there is no separation. Xichan then asked a nearby monk; the Look: monk held up his patchrobe and said, "In a shop in the city." "Appearances-blossom-immaterially… Names-arise-namelessly… " Xichan said, "How much cloth did it require?" Master Hongzhi compiler of the Record of Ease also shows us the functioning of our non-abiding basis The monk said, "No connection." Xichan by immaterially blossoming the nameless names of said nothing.
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