The Evolution of Electronic Systems Technology and Its Impact on Methods of Innovation Kevin Leahy and Dr
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Imperial College London Department of Physics Graphene Field Effect
Imperial College London Department of Physics Graphene Field Effect Transistors arXiv:2010.10382v2 [cond-mat.mes-hall] 20 Jul 2021 By Mohamed Warda and Khodr Badih 20 July 2021 Abstract The past decade has seen rapid growth in the research area of graphene and its application to novel electronics. With Moore's law beginning to plateau, the need for post-silicon technology in industry is becoming more apparent. Moreover, exist- ing technologies are insufficient for implementing terahertz detectors and receivers, which are required for a number of applications including medical imaging and secu- rity scanning. Graphene is considered to be a key potential candidate for replacing silicon in existing CMOS technology as well as realizing field effect transistors for terahertz detection, due to its remarkable electronic properties, with observed elec- tronic mobilities reaching up to 2 × 105 cm2 V−1 s−1 in suspended graphene sam- ples. This report reviews the physics and electronic properties of graphene in the context of graphene transistor implementations. Common techniques used to syn- thesize graphene, such as mechanical exfoliation, chemical vapor deposition, and epitaxial growth are reviewed and compared. One of the challenges associated with realizing graphene transistors is that graphene is semimetallic, with a zero bandgap, which is troublesome in the context of digital electronics applications. Thus, the report also reviews different ways of opening a bandgap in graphene by using bi- layer graphene and graphene nanoribbons. The basic operation of a conventional field effect transistor is explained and key figures of merit used in the literature are extracted. Finally, a review of some examples of state-of-the-art graphene field effect transistors is presented, with particular focus on monolayer graphene, bilayer graphene, and graphene nanoribbons. -
OBS Transforming CX
Winning the Global Consumer Electronics Industry A checklist for global, consistent and secure CX "The Age of Experience will be defined by personalized technology that meets your needs… the devices you use will understand you as an individual, blurring the boundaries between the digital and physical worlds." HS KIM President and CEO of Consumer Electronics Division Samsung Electronics Smartphones, smart TVs, laptops and tablets, The global electrical appliances, wearable devices – the US$1 trillion consumer electronics industry permeates every aspect consumer of our lives. It is a proof of the incredible pace of Global consumer electronics innovation around us. electronics market The intense competition especially from many of the size in 2019 industry industry’s Asian leaders such as Samsung, Huawei, Sony, Xiaomi and LG, renders differentiation around product and pricing difficult. COVID-19 has accelerated competition as consumer behaviours shift from purchasing and in-person browsing to their digital equivalents. Companies are looking to create unique personalized Key trends: experiences that optimize every stage of the customer journey across each interaction, be it in-store, or via a Increased demand in website, a mobile app, social media, smartphones, or the emerging markets e-mail, to deliver the right experiences at the right Growing dominance time. Done well, enriched customer experiences will enable businesses in the consumer electronics of Asian companies industry to build customer loyalty in driving Convergence of sustainable competitive advantage in the long-term. technologies, devices and industries ¹ Consumer Electronics Market Size, Global Market Insights Key trends shaping the future Localization drives conversions As consumer electronics giants such as Xiaomi, Huawei, and Samsung compete for market shares in new geographies, a nuanced approach is crucial for building a strong brand presence across diverse markets. -
The Evolving Electronics Industry Courting the Customer Through Insight and Innovation
Smarter electronics Point of view The evolving electronics industry Courting the customer through insight and innovation Transistor by transistor, the electronics industry is literally changing the world. Consider this: today’s fastest computer can now achieve 17 quadril- lion calculations per second1, and by 2015 there will be more than seven billion mobile devices in the world consuming and generating massive amounts of data.2 Right now there are more than one billion transistors for each person on the planet.3 With innovations like these, it is no surprise that the electronics industry continues to be a leader in research and development investment across the world.4 However, despite an impressive track record of pioneering technology, today’s electronics industry is in a state of disruption. Product life-cycles are compressing, emphasizing the need to create innovative products and services faster and more cheaply than ever before. Competitive pressures are at an all-time high, with aggressive new entrants vying with a continuing need to contain operational costs. And though profit margins for some electronics segments remain relatively high, most are under heavy margin pressure. Together, these trends are driving electronics companies to find new growth opportunities. Many believe that the best way to do this—perhaps the only way to do it—is to transform their business models by getting closer to their customers. In fact, the 2012 IBM CEO study revealed that 86 percent of global electronics CEOs are implementing extensive changes in their organizations to deepen their understanding of individual customer needs, while enabling faster, more relevant responses to markets and individuals.5 CEOs realize that innovative products and services are only successful when they deliver on customer needs. -
Maximizing Manufacturing Margins with Value Engineering Balancing Cost Reduction, Process Improvement, and Product Value
Maximizing Manufacturing Margins with Value Engineering Balancing Cost Reduction, Process Improvement, and Product Value Manufacturers large and small all hope to achieve the same thing: manufacture more products, with higher margins. Of course, in order to build a lasting business, you need to keep customers satisfied, meaning the quality of products must remain high when you make moves to reduce costs. The best way to reduce costs and improve processes without diminishing the quality of your product is through a process called Value Engineering. Value Engineering is a process used by companies across the globe to ensure product functionality is maximized while costs are minimized. By incorporating Value Engineering into your product development process, you’ll reduce costs, increase margins, and establish a smarter way to determine which new products justify the investment to bring them to market. FortéOne has been helping middle market companies conduct a value analysis and implement Value Engineering in their organizations for 20 years. By leveraging the experience of our people, who have installed Value Engineering in companies across many industries, we have developed a four-step process for incorporating Value Engineering into middle market organizations that avoids the most common challenges companies face during its implementation. Explained below are the lessons we have learned. What is Value Engineering? Value Engineering starts with product value. Product value is the ratio of product function to product cost (including the purchase of raw materials and packaging, logistics and shipping costs, overhead and manpower, and line efficiency). Product function is the work a product is designed to perform. -
Mining Engineering 1
Mining Engineering 1 Learn more about the bachelor’s degree in mining engineering (https:// MINING ENGINEERING uaf.edu/academics/programs/bachelors/mining-engineering.php), including an overview of the program, career opportunities and more. B.S. Degree College of Engineering and Mines As the nation’s northernmost accredited mining engineering program, Department of Mining and Geological Engineering (https://cem.uaf.edu/ our mission is to advance and disseminate knowledge for exploration, mingeo/) evaluation, development and efficient production of mineral and energy 907-474-7388 resources with assurance of the health and safety of persons involved and protection of the environment, through creative teaching, research Programs and public service with an emphasis on Alaska, the North and its diverse peoples. Degree • B.S., Mining Engineering (http://catalog.uaf.edu/bachelors/ The mining engineering program emphasizes engineering as it applies bachelors-degree-programs/mining-engineering/bs/) to the exploration and development of mineral resources and the economics of the business of mining. The program offers specializations in exploration, mining or mineral beneficiation. Minor • Minor, Mining Engineering (http://catalog.uaf.edu/bachelors/ Students are prepared for job opportunities with mining and construction bachelors-degree-programs/mining-engineering/minor/) companies, consulting and research firms, equipment manufacturers, investment and commodity firms in the private sector, as well as with state and federal agencies. The mining engineering program educational objectives are to graduate competent engineers who: • apply their engineering skills and knowledge with consideration to health, safety and the environment, • pursue careers in mineral-related industries, • are active among the local and professional mining communities, and • seek professional advancement of mining engineering technology and practices. -
Analysis Guide for Electronics/Electrical Product Designers
WHITE PAPER Analysis Guide for Electronics/Electrical Product Designers inspiration SUMMARY In this paper we outline the key design performance issues facing electronics and electrical product manufacturers and identify the ben- efits of using SolidWorks® Simulation software for electronics and electrical product design. The paper outlines the types of analyses that SolidWorks Simulation software can perform and proves why these analyses are critical to electrical and electronic product engineering. Introduction Analysis and simulation software has become an indispensable tool for the development, certification, and success of electronics and electrical products. In addition to having to meet federal requirements, such as standards regulating electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and product safety, electronics and electri- cal products manufacturers must meet various industry standards, such as the Bellcore standard for telecommunications equipment and standards governing the reliability of printed circuit boards (e.g., all PCBs must be able to withstand 21 pounds of load in the center). Combined with customer and market demand for smaller, more compact, and lighter products, these requirements create competitive pressures that make flawless, reliable development of electronics and electrical products an absolute necessity. FIGURE 1: THE USE OF CFD MAKES IT POSSIBLE TO ELIMINATE EXPENSIVE PHYS- IcaL PROTOTYpeS, AND FIND SERIOUS FLAWS MUCH eaRLIER IN THE deSIGN PROCESS. Today’s electronics/electrical product manufacturers use analysis software to simulate and assess the performance of a variety of product designs, including consumer electronics, appliances, sophisticated instrumentation, electronics components, printed circuit boards, RF equipment, motors, drives, electrical con- trols, micro electromechanical systems (MEMS), optical networking equipment, electronics packaging, and semiconductors. Analysis software enables engi- neers to simulate design performance and identify and address potential design problems before prototyping and production. -
Engineering Merit Badge Workbook This Workbook Can Help You but You Still Need to Read the Merit Badge Pamphlet
Engineering Merit Badge Workbook This workbook can help you but you still need to read the merit badge pamphlet. This Workbook can help you organize your thoughts as you prepare to meet with your merit badge counselor. You still must satisfy your counselor that you can demonstrate each skill and have learned the information. You should use the work space provided for each requirement to keep track of which requirements have been completed, and to make notes for discussing the item with your counselor, not for providing full and complete answers. If a requirement says that you must take an action using words such as "discuss", "show", "tell", "explain", "demonstrate", "identify", etc, that is what you must do. Merit Badge Counselors may not require the use of this or any similar workbooks. No one may add or subtract from the official requirements found in Scouts BSA Requirements (Pub. 33216 – SKU 653801). The requirements were last issued or revised in 2009 • This workbook was updated in June 2020. Scout’s Name: __________________________________________ Unit: __________________________________________ Counselor’s Name: ____________________ Phone No.: _______________________ Email: _________________________ http://www.USScouts.Org • http://www.MeritBadge.Org Please submit errors, omissions, comments or suggestions about this workbook to: [email protected] Comments or suggestions for changes to the requirements for the merit badge should be sent to: [email protected] ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1. Select a manufactured item in your home (such as a toy or an appliance) and, under adult supervision and with the approval of your counselor, investigate how and why it works as it does. -
Statement of Qualifications
ENERY ENINEERIN EPER ENERAION RANMIION IRIION STATEMENT OF QUALIFICATIONS Electric Power Engineers, Inc. www.epeconsulting.com ABO S Electric Power Engineers, Inc. (EPE) Js a full-service power engineering firm. EPE provides a wide range of services to TRULY generation owners & developers, municipalities, electric cooperatives, retail providers, and various government entities, both in the United States and internationally. Our success is defined by our clients who are retained by our POWERFUL ability to deliver continuous excellence. At Electric Power Engineers, Inc., we take pride in the meticulousness of our processes, yet our approach is quite simple, we treat each SOLUTIONS project as our own. E. 1968 0VS GJSTU DMJFOU XBT UIF $JUZ PG $PMMFHF 4UBUJPO XIFSF XF EFTJHOFE BOE DPOTUSVDUFE TFWFSBM TVCTUBUJPOT *U XBTOhU MPOH CFGPSF XF XFSF QSPWJEJOH TPMVUJPOT UP OFJHICPSJOH NVOJDJQBMJUJFT BOE FMFDUSJD DPPQFSBUJWFT BDSPTT 5FYBT 0VS BCJMJUZ UP QFOFUSBUF OFX NBSLFUT JT B TPMJEGPVOEBUJPOUIBUEFGJOFEPVSTVDDFTTGPSUIFNBOZEFDBEFTUPDPNF ENERY ENINEERIN EPER ENERAION RANMIION IRIION COMPANY PROFILE Electric Power Engineers, Inc. Electric Power Engineers, Inc (EPE) is a leading power system engineering consulting firm headquartered in Austin, TX. We are a true pioneer in electricity planning with extensive experience integrating solar plants, wind farms, and other generation resources onto the electric grid. Our company provides clients with unparalleled expertise in electric power system studies, planning, design, and integration in the US and international markets. Since the company’s founding in 1968, we have developed a track record of development and successful integration of more than 26,000 Megawatts of solar, wind, and other renewable energy sources. Our involvement includes the entire spectrum of engineering technical assistance through the whole project cycle, from pre-development through construction & implementation. -
Console Games in the Age of Convergence
Console Games in the Age of Convergence Mark Finn Swinburne University of Technology John Street, Melbourne, Victoria, 3122 Australia +61 3 9214 5254 mfi [email protected] Abstract In this paper, I discuss the development of the games console as a converged form, focusing on the industrial and technical dimensions of convergence. Starting with the decline of hybrid devices like the Commodore 64, the paper traces the way in which notions of convergence and divergence have infl uenced the console gaming market. Special attention is given to the convergence strategies employed by key players such as Sega, Nintendo, Sony and Microsoft, and the success or failure of these strategies is evaluated. Keywords Convergence, Games histories, Nintendo, Sega, Sony, Microsoft INTRODUCTION Although largely ignored by the academic community for most of their existence, recent years have seen video games attain at least some degree of legitimacy as an object of scholarly inquiry. Much of this work has focused on what could be called the textual dimension of the game form, with works such as Finn [17], Ryan [42], and Juul [23] investigating aspects such as narrative and character construction in game texts. Another large body of work focuses on the cultural dimension of games, with issues such as gender representation and the always-controversial theme of violence being of central importance here. Examples of this approach include Jenkins [22], Cassell and Jenkins [10] and Schleiner [43]. 45 Proceedings of Computer Games and Digital Cultures Conference, ed. Frans Mäyrä. Tampere: Tampere University Press, 2002. Copyright: authors and Tampere University Press. Little attention, however, has been given to the industrial dimension of the games phenomenon. -
Information Technology and Business Process Redesign
-^ O n THE NEW INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND BUSINESS PROCESS REDESIGN Thomas H. Davenport James E. Short CISR WP No. 213 Sloan WP No. 3190-90 Center for Information Systems Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139-4307 THE NEW INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND BUSINESS PROCESS REDESIGN Thomas H. Davenport James E. Short June 1990 CISR WP No. 213 Sloan WP No. 3190-90 ®1990 T.H. Davenport, J.E. Short Published in Sloan Management Review, Summer 1990, Vol. 31, No. 4. Center for Information Systems Research ^^** ^=^^RfF§ - DP^/i/gy Sloan School of Management ^Ti /IPf?i *''*'rr r .. Milw.i.l. L T*' Massachusetts Institute of Technology j LIBRARJP.'Bh.^RfES M 7 2000 RECBVED The New Industrial Engineering: Information Technology and Business Process Redesign Thomas H. Davenport James E. Shon Emsi and Young MIT Sloan School of Management Abstract At the turn of the century, Frederick Taylor revolutionized the design and improvement of work with his ideas on work organization, task decomposition and job measurement. Taylor's basic aim was to increase organizational productivity by applying to human labor the same engineering principles that had proven so successful in solving technical problems in the workplace. The same approaches that had transformed mechanical activity could also be used to structure jobs performed by people. Taylor, rising from worker to chief engineer at Midvale Iron Works, came to symbolize the ideas and practical realizations in industry that we now call industrial engineering (EE), or the scientific school of management^ In fact, though work design remains a contemporary IE concern, no subsequent concept or tool has rivaled the power of Taylor's mechanizing vision. -
Modern Challenges in the Electronics Industry
Volumen 41 • No. 19 • Año 2020 • Art. 19 Recibido: 12/02/20 • Aprobado: 14/05/2020 • Publicado: 28/05/2020 Modern challenges in the electronics industry Desafíos modernos en la industria electrónica GAVLOVSKAYA, Galina V. 1 KHAKIMOV, Azat N.2 Abstract The paper analyzes the challenges and current trends in the global electronic industry, carries out a literature review and highlights the gaps in the study of the features of the development of world radio electronics. The article gives a brief historical review of the electronic industry development, provides a characteristic of the modern world electronics market and considers the most important challenges and current trends in the development of the electronic industry. key words: Electronic industry, radio electronics, digital economy, microelectronics. Resumen El documento analiza los desafíos y las tendencias actuales en la industria electrónica mundial. Lleva a cabo una revisión de la literatura y destaca las lagunas en el estudio de las características del desarrollo de la radio electrónica mundial. El artículo ofrece una breve reseña histórica del desarrollo de la industria electrónica, proporciona una característica del mercado electrónico mundial moderno y considera los desafíos más importantes y las tendencias actuales en el desarrollo de la industria electrónica. Palabras clave: industria electrónica, electrónica de radio, economía digital, microelectrónica. 1. Introduction 1.1. Relevance of the research Electronic industry as a machine-building sector today is one of the state’s competitiveness factors in the global market, an instrument for ensuring the economic development of the state in the conditions of an unstable environment and an engine of economic growth for other sectors of industry. -
Why the Mexican Consumer Electronics Industry Failed
World Development Vol. 27, No. 8, pp. 1427±1443, 1999 Ó 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. Printed in Great Britain www.elsevier.com/locate/worlddev 0305-750X/99/$-see front matter PII: S0305-750X(99)00064-9 Foreign Investment and the Global Geography of Production: Why the Mexican Consumer Electronics Industry Failed NICHOLA LOWE Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA and MARTIN KENNEY * University of California, Davis, USA Summary. Ð Explanations of industrial development in late-developing countries have become narrowly focused on the capability of governments to promote, pressure, or punish nationally-owned ®rms. Often overlooked is the contribution of ®rms, both national and multinational, in propelling, coordinating, and determining the path and location of such development. This paper examines the conditions that led to the decline of Mexico's consumer electronics industry and presents new evidence to support a more complex account of the role of both industrial and state actors within this process. In contrast to the traditional market- or state-based theories, we argue that the decline of Mexico's consumer electronics industry largely resulted from its foreign investment regime, particularly the timing of investment and the geographical locations of local and foreign manufacturers, and the subsequent depth and quality of the rela- tionships between these ®rms. The dierences between Mexico's regime and that of Taiwan during the same period provide further evidence of the important role that foreign ®rms play in inserting local suppliers into the global production chain. We argue that Mexico's foreign investment regime and the resulting weak local-foreign ties, rather than inadequate state policy, sealed the fate of Mexico's once thriving domestic elec- tronics industry.