The Hitler Jugend
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w* “~“yp :‘*a ‘ ‘i” * \j ‘y,‘ * . p$y-j-;i -2’ f +“* :.; i,-- _’ L, ‘ . .a( ; k ; ;“’r- - i Y SUP!fUNEHUDQU- ALCiKED33XPEZDITX~F~ E'VlUJATIoN AND DIS-ION SBCTDN G-2 (co- mLx;Imm SUB-DmoN) B-A-S-1-c E-A-I!+D-B-o-0-K !I‘!mmm (Die lluler*@) S.D.S&/5 ’ CEarq?ili;edby li333ls(m -1 Fmrn lifzderial AOXe & wmmmm L,-a.w--C-E A I3 L E --OF ----I---CONTENTS Page 1 PUT I 1 Die Jbgendbewegupg 3 2 Beginnings of the HJ, 3 3 Expansion of the HJ. ixrto a State Organisation 4 4 Reichsjugenddienstpflicht (Cmrpulsary Youth Service) k 5 Main Branches of the Hitler Youth 6 Die Reichsju endf&rung (Reich Youth Dimctorate) 7 HJ, kbiete I HJ. Regions) 8 HJ, .Standort (Garriscm) 9 HJ. Bame (Regiments) 10 Specialist Units of the Barn 11 Organisation below regimental level l2 MtrmbePing of units 13 Ccmscription Procedure 10 l4 Basic Training 10 15 Vocational Train- 11 16 Schools 12 1.7 Gebietsftierschulen l2 18 Reichsschulen 12 19 Nationalpolitische Erziehungsaustalten 12 20 The Reichsjugend AkaMe 12 21 Adolf-Hitler-Schulen 13 PART IV 22 war Sezvice l-4 23 Liaison with the Axned Forcea 3.4 Wehmrt&zhtigungslager (Pre-military Training 24 15 -FE4 15 25 Son&rei.nheitess (SpecialmSePvie Units) 26 Nachrichten HJ. (Signals) 16 16 27 Motor HJ. (lkhxised Hitler Youth) . 28 Marine HJ. (Naval Hitler Youth) 17 Flieger I-U. (Aviation HJ.) 19 29 17 30 HJ, Feldschere (First Aid bits) 31 Streffmxdienst (Security Detachments and Patrol SWViC2e) 18 f cx s _I PA.mrv (continued) Page 32 IlusikzUge (Band Units) 18 33 GebirgaJi3. (Mountaheers) 19 PARTV 34 HJ, Leaders 20 20 ;z Uniforms and Insignia of Rank 21 37 Other Insignia and Badges 21 PARTVI HJ. ABROAD 38 HJ, in Occupied Territories 23 39 HJ. in Pareign Territories 23 PART VJCI (3I?POSEIONYOUTH -S 40 Legal Measures regarding &man Pouth 25 41 Unofficia3. Youth Organisations outside the HJ, 25 42 Repressive Measures- 26 Kfv , to Tables Al Part We: HJ. Gebiete and Befehlsstellen (listed) A 2 Part Two: The MJ, Gebiete (details) A 4 Part!Fhree:HJ, Bame, numerically .A 95 Part Four: H.3. Ekmne, alphabetically A 111 Part Five: Schools and Camps A 326 Part six: HJ, Auslandsf&r (Representatives Abroad) A 3-40 HJ. Perscxmlfties Bl Diaga;w and Plates c 1 LEeJrSEXED Bbbreviathm3 ID 1 Requirements-for HJ. Proricieby Tests El A thirteen year old boy manned a machine gun against advancing Allied tanks on the Rhineland frontier, while his mates passed the ammunition. An execution squad composed of 14-16 year olds shot Polish civilian hostages. A monument was erected to a boy stil.1 living, commemorating the fact that he denounced his father “loyally to the Ptjhrer“: ( the father was executed for treason). Herbert Norkus, the Hitler Youth martyr, is the ITorst iHesse1 of most of Germany's young today. Seven years of Nazi indoctrination, at a most susceptible aQ=, in the Hitler Youth has done its work. The Hitler You&h is not a Boy Scout or Girl Guide organlsa- tion, It is in no respercomparable to any organisation for young people known to the Western World. It is a compulsory Nazi fomation, which has consciously sought to breed hate, treachery and cruelty into the mind and soul of every German child. It is, in the true sense of the word, "education for death", Under no circumstances should 'the Hitler. Youth be taken lightly or be considered a negligible factor fmm an operational or occupation point of view. Some 12 to 14 million youths are organised into the four branches of the Hitler Youth: The Hitler Youth proper (boys from V+-18) The German Young Folk (Isoys 1614) The League of Geman Girls (girls from 14-38) The Young Girls (girls fr0m 10-14) A mugh estimate on the, basis of overall figures available would place between 3,000,OOO and 3,5OO,OOO into each branch, Of this number, 30,000 serve as fully-pal&, full-time leaders. Approximately 1,000 male and d,OOO female Banne (Regiments averaging 6,000 members sach) camy on administration and training. In addition, in 3943, the Hitler Youth'maeatained between 7,000 and 8,000 camps and other establishments. 1,500,000 boys (most of them over 14) attended special Hitler Youth training ‘courses there in one year. 514,000 47 year olds received Hitler Youth training in We- Military Training Camps, of which some 300 are at present'iy operation throughout the Reich. The emphasis of the following Basic Handbook and appended Order of Battle tables is on the 14-18 year old male group, the Hitler Youth proper, the primary potential source of disaffection and the primary source of replacements for the We&ma&$. _ The above figures not only indicate the vast scope of the Hitler Youth in German life today, but demonstrate the role tiich it plays in Germany's actual and potential military strengtk Both the SS and the Wehnaacht hve long since appmciate$ this, From me% liaison tith the Hitler Youth, their relation- ship with the IX3 has passed through the stage of superwision and has finally resulted in complete domination. The Hitler Youth has become a V'ebmacht replacement pool, a manpower reservoir for auxiliary war services, and a means of strengthening the increasingly pernicious hold on the German people of the most ruthless of all Nazi organisatiuns, the Ss, A few courageous young Germans, risking their lives in order to salvage their minds, spirits and perhaps their country, have sought to escape from the tentacles of the Hitler Youth, and some underground cells composed of such young people are known to exist. But it must not be forgotten that every young German has been schooled by Nazi teachers, and that this "Junior Ax-my" is ready to take the fieid either individually, in small groups, on a larger, more organised scale, or as saboteurs, informers and even franctireurs in defence of Nazis:n, its fanatical creed. PA.u!.cI HISTORICAL BMKGROUm AND DEVEUU'MM' I. Die Jugendbewegung (The German Youth Movement) The growth and success of the HJ organisations cannot be properly appreciated without some reference to the earlier history of the Deutsche Jugendbewegunq (German Youth Movement). Since the end of the last centuky, the latter gave young people an opportunity to express themselves and to carry on various activities in organisations of their own. Young people of both sexes joined J~endgemeinschaften (Youth Communities) and formed groups of WandervBgel (Young Hikers) which had no political. prograrnms, but were animated by youth's determination to express itself unfettered by the* older generation. Their activities included hiking, camping and evening meetings for lectures and discussions; much emphasis was placed on the rediscovering and singing of old German folk songs* The %eissner Forrrmla", a proclamation made by a "Youth Rally" in 4913, shaped a general policy of "Inner lkeedorb: a reaction against the complacency and restrictions of German middle-class life, its prejudices and "bourgeois mind". After the First World War the youth movement developed at an accelerated pace and reached its peak in the twenties when many new groups sprang up, and the Mndische Jugend (League of Youth) partly took the place of the original Jugendbewemng. At this point many political parties, among them the NSDACF(Nationalsozialistische Deutsche ArbeiterparteiTNational ' Socialist Workers' Party) began to form their own youth organisations, and it is estimated that in the late nineteen- twenties four million German boys and girls belonged to the young people's sections of various political and non-political factions, some 80,000 being members of the original 3iindisohe Jugend (League of Youth). The Nazis were regar&ed as outsiders by virtually all, other youth fomations. 2. 3eginnings of the I-U On Xmrch 8th, 1922, Hitler, in his own newspaper, the "Vblkische Beobachter", announced ,-the establishment of the Jugendbund der NSD.AX'(Youth League of the Nazi Party), later known as the Jun&sturm Adolf X-fitler (Youth Shock Troop Adolf Hitler). Other youth gr&ps with National Socialist tendencies also existed, but were not directly affiliated to Hitler's Thus the Nationalsozialistische Arbeiterjugend Youth) operated in the rZhein and ;iuhr regions. In Enay 1925 the Wandersportverein VOGTLAND), in PLAUEN, Saxony, merged with the bun& in M8'NICH, Bavaria, under the new name of Hitle-Jugend, arnl coined by the notorious anti~semite Julius STREICHEK, thea Nazi "chieftain" of E'ranconia. 'this new Nazi organisation, culminating in the &I of today was under the leadership of Kurt GRIPER, of the ETIdJxN group* 39 -a---Exoansion of HJ into 8 State G~anisation Although the &T had borrowed much of its technique and ssne of its~syrnbol~fran the old Ju~endbewe~~, from the very first it ad&d a nat~cqalistic and decidedly militaristic note. In 1925 it becme a junior branch of the SA (Storm- troopers) and -&jrectly suboM.inate to the SA High Co~~&nd. The movenltent, in true Nazi fashion was opposed to school, 'church and home ,and attracted many youwsters. In 1928 600 boys gatbred at the first national hJ rally at MD ST-. At the ~5QQ3EEGParty Rally of the following year 2,500 boys werq pqsent. In 1929 the Ns Schulerbund (Nazi Secondary School Boys tique) ~7~s recognised as an official affiliate of the Hitler Youth Organisation. By 1930 t&e &J i-lad 900 OrtS~ (local groups) in &xmany arx&:ttie W (Deutsohes, Junytolk-Gemla Young Folk) for boys aged IQ-l.4 and BUM (Bund Ueutscher b%del-Leagw of Gez3nn Girls) were founded as branches of the HJ.