Więzi Społeczne Polskich Singli

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Więzi Społeczne Polskich Singli Uniwersytet Łódzki Wydział Ekonomiczno-Socjologiczny Anna Bujała Wi ęzi społeczne polskich singli Praca doktorska napisana pod kierunkiem dr hab. Ewy Malinowskiej, prof. nadzw. UŁ Zakład Socjologii Płci i Ruchów Społecznych, Instytut Socjologii Łód ź 2013 Spis treści WSTĘP: PROBLEMATYKA I STRUKTURA PRACY ................................................................................................. 5 ROZDZIAŁ 1 WIĘZI SPOŁECZNE JAKO PRZEDMIOT ANALIZ SOCJOLOGICZNYCH ................................................ 8 1.1 SOCJOLOGICZNA TRADYCJA BADANIA WIĘZI SPOŁECZNYCH ......................................................................................... 8 1.2 KONTROWERSJE WOKÓŁ POJĘCIA WIĘZI SPOŁECZNEJ ............................................................................................... 14 1.3 WIĘZI SPOŁECZNE W ŚWIETLE WSPÓŁCZESNYCH TEORII SOCJOLOGICZNYCH.................................................................. 20 1.3.1 Przemiany więzi społecznych z perspektywy jednostki ....................................................................... 21 1.3.2 Przemiany więzi społecznych z perspektywy struktur społecznych ..................................................... 24 1.3.3 Więzi społeczne w świetle współczesnych koncepcji relacji między jednostką a społeczeństwem .... 39 1.4 NOWE MEDIA – NOWE OBSZARY ISTNIENIA WIĘZI SPOŁECZNYCH ............................................................................... 42 1.5 PODSUMOWANIE ............................................................................................................................................ 47 ROZDZIAŁ 2 SINGLE JAKO NOWA KATEGORIA SPOŁECZNA ............................................................................ 52 2.1 PRZEMIANY WARUNKÓW I STATUSU ŻYCIA W POJEDYNKĘ ........................................................................................ 52 2.1.1 Życie w pojedynkę jako pochodna przemian rodziny .......................................................................... 52 2.1.2 Przemiany materialnych uwarunkowań życia w pojedynkę .............................................................. 55 2.1.3 Przemiany społecznych uwarunkowań życia w pojedynkę ................................................................ 60 2.2 SINGLE JAKO PODKATEGORIA OSÓB ŻYJĄCYCH W POJEDYNKĘ ..................................................................................... 65 2.3 GŁÓWNE NURTY W SOCJOLOGICZNEJ REFLEKSJI NAD ŻYCIEM SINGLI ........................................................................... 69 2.3.1 Przyczyny pojedynczości .................................................................................................................... 71 2.3.2 Styl życia singli ................................................................................................................................... 73 2.3.3 Poziom zadowolenia z życia wśród singli ........................................................................................... 75 2.3.4 Dyskryminacja singli .......................................................................................................................... 77 2.3.5 Implikacje wzrostu liczby osób żyjących w pojedynkę dla polityki społecznej. ................................... 79 2.3.6 Single jako przedmiot badań polskich socjologów ............................................................................. 80 2.4 PODSUMOWANIE ............................................................................................................................................ 83 ROZDZIAŁ 3 ŻYCIE W POJEDYNKĘ W POLSCE – UWARUNKOWANIA WZROSTU LICZBY OSÓB POJEDYNCZYCH I ICH CHARAKTERYSTYKA SOCJODEMOGRAFICZNA ........................................................................................ 86 3.1 UWARUNKOWANIA ŻYCIA W POJEDYNKĘ WE WSPÓŁCZESNEJ POLSCE ......................................................................... 86 3.1.1 Uwarunkowania strukturalne – zmiany w wykształceniu i zatrudnieniu kobiet ................................ 86 3.1.2 Uwarunkowania ideologiczne – postępy indywidualizacji w Polsce .................................................. 90 3.2 POLSCY POJEDYNCZY – CHARAKTERYSTYKA SOCJODEMOGRAFICZNA OSÓB W WIEKU 25-59 LAT ...................................... 98 3.2.1 Polskie kobiety żyjące w pojedynkę ................................................................................................. 100 3.2.2 Polscy mężczyźni żyjący w pojedynkę .............................................................................................. 103 3.2.3 Polscy pojedynczy – podsumowanie charakterystyk socjodemograficznych ................................... 106 2 3.3 PODSUMOWANIE .......................................................................................................................................... 108 ROZDZIAŁ 4 TEORETYCZNE I METODOLOGICZNE ZAŁOŻENIA PRACY ........................................................... 110 4.1 CEL I PRZEDMIOT PRACY .................................................................................................................................. 110 4.2 PYTANIA BADAWCZE I HIPOTEZY ....................................................................................................................... 111 4.3 RAMY TEORETYCZNE ...................................................................................................................................... 113 4.4 METODY BADAŃ I SPOSÓB DOBORU PRÓBY ........................................................................................................ 115 4.4.1 Sposób doboru próby ....................................................................................................................... 117 4.4.2 Wywiady .......................................................................................................................................... 118 4.4.2.1 Wywiady indywidualne pilotażowe ............................................................................................................ 118 4.4.2.2 Wywiady indywidualne należące do zasadniczej części badań ................................................................... 118 4.4.2.3 Wywiady grupowe ...................................................................................................................................... 123 4.4.3 Obserwacje ...................................................................................................................................... 125 4.4.4 Sondaże społeczne ........................................................................................................................... 127 4.4.5 Jakościowa analiza treści ................................................................................................................. 128 4.5 PODSUMOWANIE .......................................................................................................................................... 129 ROZDZIAŁ 5 OTOCZENIE SPOŁECZNE BADANYCH ......................................................................................... 131 5.1 RODZINA POCHODZENIA ................................................................................................................................. 132 5.1.1 Utożsamienie z rodziną .................................................................................................................... 132 5.1.2 Kontrola ze strony rodziny ............................................................................................................... 133 5.1.3 Częstotliwość i regularność kontaktów ............................................................................................ 136 5.1.4. Zasoby przekazywane w ramach więzi ............................................................................................ 137 5.1.5 Relacje z dalszą rodziną ................................................................................................................... 141 5.1.6 Refleksyjność relacji ......................................................................................................................... 142 5.2 PRZYJACIELE I ZNAJOMI .................................................................................................................................. 143 5.2.1 Stopień utożsamienia z przyjaciółmi i kontroli z ich strony ............................................................. 143 5.2.2 Częstotliwość i regularność kontaktów ............................................................................................ 146 5.2.3 Zasoby przekazywane w ramach więzi oraz klucz doboru przyjaciół ............................................... 149 5.2.4 Źródła przyjaźni i znajomości oraz pozycja społeczna i sytuacja rodzinna przyjaciół i znajomych .. 155 5.2.5 Refleksyjność relacji ......................................................................................................................... 160 5.3 GRUPY CELOWE ............................................................................................................................................ 161 5.3.1 Rodzaje grup .................................................................................................................................... 161 5.3.2 Siła więzi w grupach ........................................................................................................................ 162 5.4 DUŻE GRUPY ...............................................................................................................................................
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