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Article-8.Pdf collection of Land development Taxes, Maintaining of Registers and of Return, Management of Khas land, Waqf and Enemy property, Sairat mohal, Ferry ghat, certificate cases, Preparation of Maps, Management of civil suits arising out of land etc. The research has analyzed the present structure of land management and land administration of Rajshahi District. Statement of the Problem: The study has an attempt to critically analyze the difficulties of Land Management System in Rajshahi District as well as in whole Bangladesh due to existing problems. The following problems have been identified of the existing Land Management System in Rajshahi District: (a) The Land Management System in Bangladesh is mostly misused [9]. This is because many of Land Laws, rules and regulations and Policies are complex and traditional in nature. (b) Deficiency of manpower is a great problem in this sector. Huge work loads are done by a small group of staffs. Most probably after 2009, no new recruitment was possible at the union land offices. Moreover, The Land offices will be set up at Union level according to the Organogram of 1985. This decision has already been implemented all over the country except Rajshahi District and few other districts. No new infrastructure development has taken place in the recent years. As a result, one union land office covers 2- 3 unions. (c) Land related documents are most important part for Land Management System but excessive land related documents or records of rights create many problems of ownership in land management. For example, ‘Abdul Barek’ from Tanore Upazila, a land owner brings a proof of ownership from the office of ULASO/ULAO, another from Registrar’s office and yet another from the Settlement office and if there happens to be a difference then question will arise. By these types of varieties of land documents, it is very hard and complicated to identify the real land owner. This creates defect of the existing system of land management at Tanore, Godagari, Puthia, Bagha and Durgapur Upazila. (d) Although in few districts, RoR and other land documents are prepared and preserved through internet but the existing land records of Bangladesh such as CS, SA, RS are to prepare manually [10]. (e) To transfer a land, deed registration is compulsory [11]. Due to inadequate and improper land registrations process, it increases difficulties in securing land tenure and transfer in Bangladesh. (f) During the survey of research, it was found that the AC (Land) is not expert in Land related matter. They are qualifying BCS from any discipline and posted as AC (Land). They learn from Kanungo/ Surveyor etc. When they became experienced, they are transferred to another station or promoted as UNO etc. This is the common tendency of AC (Land) to become UNO after their first posting. Moreover, many of the post of AC (Land) sometimes become vacant. Then UNO discharge the function in place of the vacant offices for example Paba and Tanore Upazila of Rajshahi District [12] but UNO is enormously engaged with his own various administrative functions. So, services automatically became delayed and sufferings of the service seekers increase. Aims and Objectives of the Study: The main objective of this study is to discuss and examine the various modes of Land Management System of Rajshahi District. However, the specific objectives of this research are following: 1. To examine and justify post-colonial land strategies and reforms, including those relating to khas land and other type of Land Management System; 2. To study the system of land title transfer and registration process, land laws and policies, preparation and correction of records, mutation and survey process etc; Volume 02, Issue 01, 2019 Page 57 3. To examine the nature and discuss the role of the authority of different land offices (e.g. DC, ADC Revenue, AC (Land), ULAO, Registrar and Sub-Registrar of Rajshahi District and Land Reform Board, Land Appeal Board, Land Administration Training Center, Land Ministry etc.); 4. Finally to explain and scrutinize the Land Management System of Rajshahi District and to analyze the major problems and probable solutions for settlements. Materials and Methodology: In this research the method of documentary of analysis and field survey (visiting land offices of Rajshahi district for data collection) have been mostly used. The research is mainly based on secondary information. Moreover, the case study method has been used to give the research work into a complete shape. As the research work is an empirical one, so the data collection and analysis has been used on this study as an instance to develop in the modern Land Management System of Rajshahi District. The data has been processed and analyzed by computer both quantitatively and qualitatively. Statistical methods consisting of percentage correlation has been used; the analysis of qualitative data has been made systematic and analytical description of the collected facts. Discussions Land Management System of Rajshahi District: Rajshahi District is a district as a part of Rajshahi Division situated in north-western in Bangladesh. This District has a total population of 2,286,874 of whom 1,184,448 are male and 1,102,426 are female. Muslims are 2,136,702; Hindus are 112,643; Buddhists are 22,765; Christians are 599 while 14,165 identify their religion as other. The district has a low literacy rate with average literacy rate of 30.61%. Male literacy is 37.6% while female literacy is 23.2% [13]. There are 10 AC (Land) offices for the functioning of Land Management and Land administration in this District. These AC (Land) offices are located at Bagha Upazila, Bagmara Upazila, Charghat Upazila, Durgapur Upazila, Godagari Upazila, Mohanpur Upazila, Paba Upazila, Puthia Upazila, Tanore Upazila, Boalia Thana AC (Land) offices. The numbers of union land offices are 36 in the District. Table 1. Rajshahi District at a glance Rajshahi District at a glance Population Area (sq Density Literacy Upazila Municipality Union Mauza Village km) (sq km) rate (%) Urban Rural 2407.01 9 14 71 1718 1853 843625 1443249 950 47.54 Major Problem of Land Management and Land Administration of Rajshahi District: The following are the key problems of this District: o If the Land Records and Survey Directorate are not managed, the survey activities will stop of the concern area. For example, at Mohanpur Upazila, among 10 digital surveys, only 3-4 have been completed and the remaining is pending at hearing stage. Not only this but also the survey activities are completed by sitting at one place. Volume 02, Issue 01, 2019 Page 58 o Classification of land is a great problem during survey and records. For example, the same kind of land in Mymensing / Sylhet is ‘nal’ and ‘dhane’ in Rajshahi District; total 156 kinds of land is a serious problem; o Govt. circular is not implemented properly in practice. For example, tk. 40-60/- per decimal at Bagmara and Puthia Upazila of LDT of ponds are taking; o AC (Land) provides instructions to the ULAO / ULASO to submit mutation report by physical survey within 15 days. But they (ULAO / ULASO) hear from the ‘office friendly people’ [14] about the concern land and submit report; o According to government circular, the specific time limit for mutation is 60 days in city areas and 45 days in other areas. Fees for mutation is determined 1170/- (eleven hundred and seventy) taka through the circular. Necessary documents are mandatory for mutation which is prescribed by the circular. But in most of the cases, it took extra time. Sometimes it takes 3 to 6 months or even more. Sometimes the authority put their signature with back dated. People were deprived of getting proper services. In order to address such problems, the government spontaneously took the decision to promulgate a procedural rule through government circular and implement it in Upazila/ Union Land offices [15]. o Avoiding clerical/spelling mistakes. For example, Bahim in place Rahim, Lal Chand in place of Lal Chand Mia or dag number (plot no.) 765 in place of 756 etc. Ignorance of the common people is also a great factor. A pen picture of Khas Land Management of Rajshahi District: Quantity of khas land: (for the year of 2016) [16]. (a) Agriculture: 6917.10 acres; (b) Non- Agriculture : 22804.4631 acres. Distributed khas land: (a) Agricultural: 4935.11 acres; (b) Non- Agricultural: 282.3970 acres Benefitted Families: (a) Agricultural: 18123; (b) Non- Agricultural: 1398 Total time taken to settle a khas land case: According to the key indicator, AC (Land) to distribute 20 applications of khas land per year. Therefore to settle a khas land case it will take 6 months to 1 year. To distribute khas land to the landless of both rural and urban areas, no individual shall entitle more than five kathas of khas land [17] Case Study in regard of Khas Land of Rajshahi District: A report published in the newspaper of Rajshahi that one kind of dishonest people with the help of land offices and local UP chairman, members take their possession of khas land. The govt. khas land in this way is dispossessed in Rajshahi District. But how much khas land is dispossessed from the govt., there is no clear statistics at the Land offices of Rajshahi such as Charghat, Bagha, Puthia, Bagmara, Durgapur, Mohanpur, Tanore, Godagai and Paba Upazila [18]. After surveying the Godagari and Tanore Upazila, it was found that most of the govt. khas land even a less amount of khas land was dispossessed. The influential possessor builds in that land a semi pacca and pacca construction. Among them, most of the dispossessed khas land is located at Badhair Union at Tanore Upazila.
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