DOCSLIB.ORG

The Efficacy of Suspended Broodstock Cages As a Restoration Strategy for the European Flat Oyster Ostrea Edulis Linnaeus, 1758: a Case Study in the Solent, UK

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Efficacy of Suspended Broodstock Cages As a Restoration Strategy for the European Flat Oyster Ostrea Edulis Linnaeus, 1758: a Case Study in the Solent, UK The Efficacy of Suspended Broodstock Cages as a Restoration Strategy for the European Flat Oyster Ostrea edulis Linnaeus, 1758: A Case Study in the Solent, UK. Luke David Helmer The thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of the University of Portsmouth September 2019 UNIVERSITY OF PORTSMOUTH Abstract Faculty of Science and Health, School of Biological Sciences Doctor of Philosophy The efficacy of suspended broodstock cages as a restoration strategy for the European flat oyster Ostrea edulis Linnaeus, 1758: A case study in the Solent, UK. By Luke David Helmer The European flat oyster Ostrea edulis has been subject to multiple stressors that have resulted in the functional extinction of many populations, those that remain are fragmented and require active intervention to accommodate their recovery. One of the last self-sustaining populations in Europe was, until recently, present within the Solent, but extraction pressure, disease and sporadic recruitment resulted in its recent collapse. This study aimed to determine the abundance of the remaining oyster populations in relation to the invasive American slipper limpet Crepidula fornicata, suspected to occupy the ecological niche made available by the removal of O. edulis. Oyster populations were minimal within the three harbours surveyed, < 0.2 ±0.2 individuals / m2 (Portsmouth, Langstone and Chichester), whereas, C. fornicata was extremely abundant, present in densities of up to 4043 ±2374 individuals / m2. In an attempt to increase reproduction and larval output, therefore seabed recruitment, mature oysters were purchased from the local fishery and placed into broodstock cages at high stocking densities across the Solent. Monitored across two years, the effect of stocking density, pressure-washing and environmental conditions on mortality, larval production and disease prevalence were observed. Mortality was seasonal peaking after an increase in brooding activity and spawning. Brooding occurred within the expected temporal period, peaking in June, and larval brood sizes were significantly different between oysters in different marinas, as well as between full- and half-density populations, despite there being no significant difference in the proportion of brooding adults. Disease status was monitored and geographical variation in Bonamia ostreae prevalence was observed. The detection of Bonamia exitiosa in the region increases the described range of the parasitic species. With design and operational modifications, the broodstock cage system can be used as an effective management tool to assist with increasing initial densities of larvae in recruitment limited areas in the early stages of restoration. i Declaration of Authorship and Word Count Whilst registered as a candidate for the above degree, I have not been registered for any other research award. The results and conclusions embodied in this thesis are the work of the named candidate and have not been submitted for any other academic award. Word Count: 44,088 . Luke David Helmer 30/09/2019 “I love oysters. It’s like kissing the sea on the lips” Léon-Paul Fargue (1876-1947) ii Acknowledgements This project would not have been possible without the help and support of countless people and a whole thesis could be written in thanks to all involved. Firstly, I would like to show my eternal gratitude to Dr Joanne Preston, her unwavering support and guidance has allowed me to develop immensely whilst making some amazing memories and enjoying the whole process. It has been an absolute pleasure to work with Jo for four years and I genuinely couldn’t have asked for any more on a professional or personal level, I am thoroughly looking forward to our future collaborations. I would also like to thank my other supervisors, Dr Ian Hendy and Professor Chris Hauton. Ian’s assistance with, and explanation of, the statistical analysis was invaluable and very much appreciated. Chris’ guidance and suggestions during PhD meetings and the publication process provided me with insights that were extremely useful during my studies. I look forward to continuing to work and publish with all three supervisors. I would also like to thank many of the academic staff at the Institute of Marine Sciences for providing information and resources over the past four years of my postgraduate studies. I would also like to show my appreciation for the support and guidance of all my co-authors of the publications that I have been involved with. A special mention must also be made for the support and encouragement received from Dr Joy Watts, she has been one of the most genuine and kindhearted mentors throughout, particularly when kindly reviewing my thesis. This research was match funded by the University of Portsmouth and the Blue Marine Foundation and without the financial, moral and physical support of the Blue team I would have really struggled to complete as much of the work as I did. Hands on monitoring for long periods would not have been as enjoyable as it was without the graft and pure grit of Morven Robertson, Jacob Kean-Hammerson and others. The welcoming attitude of Tim Glover and all those based at the office in London always provided a boost of encouragement and optimism which did not go unnoticed. Additional financial and logistical support was also provided by the MDL marina staff, I would like to especially thank Jo Meekley and Oliver Witt who again have always been extremely accommodating and were very understanding during a propeller incident. I would also like to thank Amy Munro, Mark Rogers and Helen King of, what was, Land Rover Ben Ainslie Racing for their support during site visits. For their technical and moral support on the boat and in the lab, as well as their “humour”, I would like to thank Marc Martin, Dr Graham Malyon, Dr Paul Farrell and Jenny Mackellar. I was fortunate enough to travel to multiple destinations and attend a number of conferences as part of my professional development during the course of iii my studies and I am extremely grateful to the University of Portsmouth, Marine Biological Association, Malacological Society of London and Solent Forum for providing the necessary funding to make that all possible. For accommodating me on my first study tour and igniting a passion for oysters I would like to thank Boze Hancock at the Nature Conservancy. For all those who also accommodated me on the three study tours conducted, I am immensely grateful for your hospitality and willingness to share your knowledge. The writing process would not have been possible without the moral support of my fellow University of Portsmouth PhD cohort Dr Regina Kolzenburg, Dr Laura Michie, Dr Neil Fuller and Dr Shanelle Kohler as well as MRes student Eric Harris-Scott. For her help and friendship throughout my masters and PhD. I am also hugely indebted to Monica Fabra for her witt and humor, I wish her all the best with her own studies. Without James Robbins and Kate Dey, I would not have been able to work my way through R for minor corrections, so I am extremely grateful for their stats wizardry. It has been a pleasure to share the journey, and many a conference party night, with my fellow oyster PhD student Zoë Holbrook and Christina Thiele at the University of Southampton, I would also like to extend my thanks to them for assistance during fieldwork and lab meetings as well as Nicola Pratt, who’s assistance during the trials and tribulations of larval analysis was greatly appreciated. Countless undergraduate students, master students, work experience students and volunteers have all been influential during field sampling and lab work, without them this work would not have been feasible, I hope that the experience gained will enable them to pursue their own work where they will also receive similar assistance. For their continued encouragement, support and devotion, my most sincere and heartfelt appreciation is for my family, in particular my parents who put up with me moving home for a year and have always been there for me throughout my many years of study. Completion of this PhD in such a manner would genuinely not have been possible without them. Despite her claims that “all you do is stroke oysters”, I would also like to thank my sister for her support, and I forgive her for the return of this kind of abuse that I undoubtedly gave her growing up! I am grateful for having close family that helped me to maintin some form of “normal” life and that bring out the child in me, also thank you to Emma for constantly sending “relevant” marine life Facebook videos. For tolerating and engaging with all the obscene activities that I have signed us up for, my disappearance during travels and almost complete disappearance during the writing process, as well as her proofreading, I am extremely grateful to Elena Burton. I would also like to thank her family for accommodating us during the initial year of the PhD. iv Contents Abstract .............................................................................................................. i Acknowledgements ......................................................................................... iii Contents............................................................................................................ v List of Tables .................................................................................................. xi List of Figures ..............................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 2018-09-14 RHMC Marine Director and Harbour Master's Report and Current Issues
    HAMPSHIRE COUNTY COUNCIL Report Committee: River Hamble Harbour Management Committee Date: 24 June 2021 Title: Marine Director and Harbour Master's Report and Current Issues Report From: Director of Culture, Communities and Business Services Contact name: Jason Scott Tel: 01489 576387 Email: [email protected] Purpose of this Report 1. The purpose of this report is to record formally RHHA patrol operations and inform the Duty Holder of significant events and trends having a bearing on the Marine Safety Management System. Recommendation 2. It is recommended that the River Hamble Harbour Management Committee supports the contents of this report to the Harbour Board. Executive Summary 3. This report summarises the incidents and events which have taken place in the Harbour and addresses any issues currently under consideration by the Harbour Master. Contextual Information Patrols 4. The Harbour has been patrolled by the Duty Harbour Master at various times between 0700 and 2230 daily. Mooring and pontoon checks have been conducted daily throughout the period. Issues 6. 6 Monthly Audit by the Designated Person of the Marine Safety Management System – The MSMS was audited by the RHHA Designated Person on 18 May. As part of our drive for continuous improvement, a number of new initiatives will be pursued to ensure that River Users are informed better of trends in the River and also, in so doing, reminded of the Bye Laws. The Designated Person has affirmed continued compliance with the Port Marine Safety Code. 7. Annual Trinity House Audit – An officer of Trinity House conducted an annual light inspection on 22 March to confirm compliance with the River Hamble Harbour Authority’s status as a Local Lighthouse Authority.
    [Show full text]
  • Proposed Langstone Harbour Air Base
    Proposed Langstone Harbour Air Base Photograph of a Short S.23 Empire flying boat that might one day have flown from Langstone Harbour. Havant History Booklet No. 57 To view, comment, and order all booklets visit: www.hhbkt.com £3 2 Proposed Langstone Harbour Air Base For some time past the Air Ministry, in conjunction with Imperial Airways have been seeking a suitable place to establish a base in this country to form the terminus for the long distance Empire and Trans-Atlantic air routes. These long distance routes are to be operated by means of flying boats rather than land planes and a number of large machines are at present being built for Imperial Airways. The Air Ministry required a site having a considerable area of sheltered water, of reasonable depth, free from obstructions to flying and in a situation not subject to fogs in order that the air liners could operate at all seasons of the year. It was also of material advantage if the site were easily accessible by road and rail from London. After considering a number of alternative sites in Ireland, on the Medway, at Southampton and Portsmouth, the Air Ministry and Imperial Airways have decided that Langstone Harbour, which is on the East side of Portsmouth, is suitable and the Portsmouth City Council are proposing to proceed with a comprehensive scheme estimated to cost about £1,200,000 for the development of the harbour as an Empire Air Base. In view of the fact that a large portion of Langstone Harbour is situated within the Urban District of Havant and Waterloo it is necessary for the County Council to consider the possible effect of the proposed scheme on the areas of the County which adjoin the harbour.
    [Show full text]
  • Notes on Starfish on an Essex Oyster Bed
    J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K. (1958) 37, 565-589 Printed in Great Britain NOTES ON STARFISH ON AN ESSEX OYSTER BED By D. A. HANCOCK Fisheries Laboratory, Burnham-on-Crouch (Text-figs. 1-9) In a previous paper (Hancock, 1955) an account was given of the feeding behaviour of the starfish Asterias rubens L. and the common sunstar Solaster papposus (L.) on Essex oyster beds. In discussion, it was stated that there was no evidence that, in the conditions described, a cultivated oyster ground provided a greater attraction than an uncultivated one. The present work was undertaken to provide information on this subject, and also on the movements, growth and ecological relationships of starfish. Further experiments were made on feeding behaviour, particularly of the young starfish. Samples required to give information on the growth and distribution of starfish were obtained from regular surveys of an oyster bed, by a series of parallel dredge hauls covering both cultivated and derelict bottoms. In November 1954, a section of oyster ground, 125 m wide, and stretching from one bank to the other (Fig. 1),was marked out at the Southward Laying, River Crouch. The first dredge haul was made with two 4 ft. 6in. dredges over the 125 m width, parallel to the edge of the north shore at L.W.a.S.T. and 10 m from it. Buoys were used to mark distances offshore, and subsequent dredge hauls were made parallel with each other 20 m apart, and, when time permitted, were continued as far as the south shore, giving a total of twenty-six stations.
    [Show full text]
  • Shellfish Reefs at Risk
    SHELLFISH REEFS AT RISK A Global Analysis of Problems and Solutions Michael W. Beck, Robert D. Brumbaugh, Laura Airoldi, Alvar Carranza, Loren D. Coen, Christine Crawford, Omar Defeo, Graham J. Edgar, Boze Hancock, Matthew Kay, Hunter Lenihan, Mark W. Luckenbach, Caitlyn L. Toropova, Guofan Zhang CONTENTS Acknowledgments ........................................................................................................................ 1 Executive Summary .................................................................................................................... 2 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 6 Methods .................................................................................................................................... 10 Results ........................................................................................................................................ 14 Condition of Oyster Reefs Globally Across Bays and Ecoregions ............ 14 Regional Summaries of the Condition of Shellfish Reefs ............................ 15 Overview of Threats and Causes of Decline ................................................................ 28 Recommendations for Conservation, Restoration and Management ................ 30 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................ 36 References .............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Biogeographical Homogeneity in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. II
    Vol. 19: 75–84, 2013 AQUATIC BIOLOGY Published online September 4 doi: 10.3354/ab00521 Aquat Biol Biogeographical homogeneity in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. II. Temporal variation in Lebanese bivalve biota Fabio Crocetta1,*, Ghazi Bitar2, Helmut Zibrowius3, Marco Oliverio4 1Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121, Napoli, Italy 2Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon 3Le Corbusier 644, 280 Boulevard Michelet, 13008 Marseille, France 4Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ‘Charles Darwin’, University of Rome ‘La Sapienza’, Viale dell’Università 32, 00185 Roma, Italy ABSTRACT: Lebanon (eastern Mediterranean Sea) is an area of particular biogeographic signifi- cance for studying the structure of eastern Mediterranean marine biodiversity and its recent changes. Based on literature records and original samples, we review here the knowledge of the Lebanese marine bivalve biota, tracing its changes during the last 170 yr. The updated checklist of bivalves of Lebanon yielded a total of 114 species (96 native and 18 alien taxa), accounting for ca. 26.5% of the known Mediterranean Bivalvia and thus representing a particularly poor fauna. Analysis of the 21 taxa historically described on Lebanese material only yielded 2 available names. Records of 24 species are new for the Lebanese fauna, and Lioberus ligneus is also a new record for the Mediterranean Sea. Comparisons between molluscan records by past (before 1950) and modern (after 1950) authors revealed temporal variations and qualitative modifications of the Lebanese bivalve fauna, mostly affected by the introduction of Erythraean species. The rate of recording of new alien species (evaluated in decades) revealed later first local arrivals (after 1900) than those observed for other eastern Mediterranean shores, while the peak in records in conjunc- tion with our samplings (1991 to 2010) emphasizes the need for increased field work to monitor their arrival and establishment.
    [Show full text]
  • Gazetteer.Doc Revised from 10/03/02
    Save No. 91 Printed 10/03/02 10:33 AM Gazetteer.doc Revised From 10/03/02 Gazetteer compiled by E J Wiseman Abbots Ann SU 3243 Bighton Lane Watercress Beds SU 5933 Abbotstone Down SU 5836 Bishop's Dyke SU 3405 Acres Down SU 2709 Bishopstoke SU 4619 Alice Holt Forest SU 8042 Bishops Sutton Watercress Beds SU 6031 Allbrook SU 4521 Bisterne SU 1400 Allington Lane Gravel Pit SU 4717 Bitterne (Southampton) SU 4413 Alresford Watercress Beds SU 5833 Bitterne Park (Southampton) SU 4414 Alresford Pond SU 5933 Black Bush SU 2515 Amberwood Inclosure SU 2013 Blackbushe Airfield SU 8059 Amery Farm Estate (Alton) SU 7240 Black Dam (Basingstoke) SU 6552 Ampfield SU 4023 Black Gutter Bottom SU 2016 Andover Airfield SU 3245 Blackmoor SU 7733 Anton valley SU 3740 Blackmoor Golf Course SU 7734 Arlebury Lake SU 5732 Black Point (Hayling Island) SZ 7599 Ashlett Creek SU 4603 Blashford Lakes SU 1507 Ashlett Mill Pond SU 4603 Blendworth SU 7113 Ashley Farm (Stockbridge) SU 3730 Bordon SU 8035 Ashley Manor (Stockbridge) SU 3830 Bossington SU 3331 Ashley Walk SU 2014 Botley Wood SU 5410 Ashley Warren SU 4956 Bourley Reservoir SU 8250 Ashmansworth SU 4157 Boveridge SU 0714 Ashurst SU 3310 Braishfield SU 3725 Ash Vale Gravel Pit SU 8853 Brambridge SU 4622 Avington SU 5332 Bramley Camp SU 6559 Avon Castle SU 1303 Bramshaw Wood SU 2516 Avon Causeway SZ 1497 Bramshill (Warren Heath) SU 7759 Avon Tyrrell SZ 1499 Bramshill Common SU 7562 Backley Plain SU 2106 Bramshill Police College Lake SU 7560 Baddesley Common SU 3921 Bramshill Rubbish Tip SU 7561 Badnam Creek (River
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic Characterisation of Oyster Populations Along the North-Eastern
    African Journal of Marine Science Archimer December 2008, Volume 30, Number 3, Pages 489- http://archimer.ifremer.fr 495 http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/AJMS.2008.30.3.4.638 © 2008 NISC, Taylor & Francis ailable on the publisher Web site Genetic characterisation of oyster populations along the north-eastern coast of Tunisia S. Dridi1, 2, *, M. S. Romdhane2, S. Heurtebise3, M. El Cafsi1, P. Boudry3 and S. Lapègue4 1 Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Département de Biologie, Unité de Physiologie et d’Ecophysiologie des Organismes Aquatiques, Campus Universitaire El Manar II, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia 2 blisher-authenticated version is av Institut National Agronomique de Tunis, Département des Sciences de la Production Animale et de la Pêche, Unité d’écosystèmes et ressources aquatiques, 43 Av. Charles Nicole, 1082 Tunis, Tunisia 3 Ifremer, UMR M100 Physiologie et Ecophysiologie des Mollusques Marins, 29280 Plouzané, France 4 Laboratoire Ifremer de Génétique et Pathologie, 17390 La Tremblade, France *: Corresponding author : S Dridi, email address : [email protected] Abstract: The taxonomy of oysters has been traditionally based on characteristics of the shell. More recently, the analysis of protein and DNA polymorphism has provided a means to overcome difficulties in distinguishing the different species of oysters based solely on shell morphology. In order to identify oysters of the Tunisian north-east coast, we sequenced a 16S rRNA mitochondrial fragment from 68 oysters sampled from the Bizert Lagoon and the Gulf of Hammamet in northern Tunisia. Comparison of oyster 16S rRNA sequences available in GenBank showed the presence of both Ostreola stentina and Crassostrea gigas in our samples, which could not be detected on the basis of shell morphology only.
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental History and Oysters at Point Reyes National Seashore
    Restoring the Past: Environmental History and Oysters at Point Reyes National Seashore Timothy Babalis Since its inception more than 40 years ago, environmental history has matured into a respected, if somewhat nebulous, discipline in academic circles but has so far received less attention within public land management agencies such as the National Park Service.1 This is unfortunate, because environmental history can provide information of great practical interest to resource managers as well as offering a valuable perspective on management prac- tices. The singular characteristic which distinguishes environmental history from other his- torical methodologies is the acknowledgement that history happens in places. Like geogra- phers, whose field is closely related, environmental historians consider the spatial dimension of history to be just as important as its temporal. As a result, the physical environment is one of environmental history’s principal subjects, along with the usual human actors, political events, and cultural expressions of traditional history. But environmental history also acknowledges the active capacity of the environment to influence and form human history,as well as being the place where that history unfolds. Environmental historians study the recip- rocal relationship between human societies and the physical environments they inhabit. As one prominent environmental historian has written, “When I use the term ‘environmental history,’I mean specifically the history of the consequences of human actions on the environ- ment and the reciprocal consequences of an altered nature for human society.”2 While most environmental historians agree on this basic formula, the field quickly diverges in a bewildering number of directions and becomes increasingly difficult to catego- rize or define.
    [Show full text]
  • Landowner Deposits Register
    Register of Landowner Deposits under Highways Act 1980 and Commons Act 2006 The first part of this register contains entries for all CA16 combined deposits received since 1st October 2013, and these all have scanned copies of the deposits attached. The second part of the register lists entries for deposits made before 1st October 2013, all made under section 31(6) of the Highways Act 1980. There are a large number of these, and the only details given here currently are the name of the land, the parish and the date of the deposit. We will be adding fuller details and scanned documents to these entries over time. List of deposits made - last update 12 January 2017 CA16 Combined Deposits Deposit Reference: 44 - Land at Froyle (The Mrs Bootle-Wilbrahams Will Trust) Link to Documents: http://documents.hants.gov.uk/countryside/Deposit44-Bootle-WilbrahamsTrustLand-Froyle-Scan.pdf Details of Depositor Details of Land Crispin Mahony of Savills on behalf of The Parish: Froyle Mrs Bootle-WilbrahamWill Trust, c/o Savills (UK) Froyle Jewry Chambers,44 Jewry Street, Winchester Alton Hampshire Hampshire SO23 8RW GU34 4DD Date of Statement: 14/11/2016 Grid Reference: 733.416 Deposit Reference: 98 - Tower Hill, Dummer Link to Documents: http://documents.hants.gov.uk/rightsofway/Deposit98-LandatTowerHill-Dummer-Scan.pdf Details of Depositor Details of Land Jamie Adams & Madeline Hutton Parish: Dummer 65 Elm Bank Gardens, Up Street Barnes, Dummer London Basingstoke SW13 0NX RG25 2AL Date of Statement: 27/08/2014 Grid Reference: 583. 458 Deposit Reference:
    [Show full text]
  • Olympia Oyster (Ostrea Lurida)
    COSEWIC Assessment and Status Report on the Olympia Oyster Ostrea lurida in Canada SPECIAL CONCERN 2011 COSEWIC status reports are working documents used in assigning the status of wildlife species suspected of being at risk. This report may be cited as follows: COSEWIC. 2011. COSEWIC assessment and status report on the Olympia Oyster Ostrea lurida in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. xi + 56 pp. (www.sararegistry.gc.ca/status/status_e.cfm). Previous report(s): COSEWIC. 2000. COSEWIC assessment and status report on the Olympia Oyster Ostrea conchaphila in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. vii + 30 pp. (www.sararegistry.gc.ca/status/status_e.cfm) Gillespie, G.E. 2000. COSEWIC status report on the Olympia Oyster Ostrea conchaphila in Canada in COSEWIC assessment and update status report on the Olympia Oyster Ostrea conchaphila in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. 1-30 pp. Production note: COSEWIC acknowledges Graham E. Gillespie for writing the provisional status report on the Olympia Oyster, Ostrea lurida, prepared under contract with Environment Canada and Fisheries and Oceans Canada. The contractor’s involvement with the writing of the status report ended with the acceptance of the provisional report. Any modifications to the status report during the subsequent preparation of the 6-month interim and 2-month interim status reports were overseen by Robert Forsyth and Dr. Gerald Mackie, COSEWIC Molluscs Specialist Subcommittee Co-Chair. For additional copies contact: COSEWIC Secretariat c/o Canadian Wildlife Service Environment Canada Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3 Tel.: 819-953-3215 Fax: 819-994-3684 E-mail: COSEWIC/[email protected] http://www.cosewic.gc.ca Également disponible en français sous le titre Ếvaluation et Rapport de situation du COSEPAC sur l’huître plate du Pacifique (Ostrea lurida) au Canada.
    [Show full text]
  • Michael W. Beck, Robert D. Brumbaugh, Laura Airoldi Alvar Carranza, Loren D
    Michael W. Beck, Robert D. Brumbaugh, Laura Airoldi Alvar Carranza, Loren D. Coen, Christine Crawford, Omar Defeo, Graham J. Edgar, Boze Hancock, M atthew Kay, Hunter Lenihan, Mark W. Luckenbach, Caitlyn L. Toropova, Guofan Zhang Results. Condition of Oyster Reefs Globally Across Bays and Ecoregions. Regional Summaries of the Condition of Shellfish Reefs Overview of Threats and Causes of Decline. Recommendations for Conservation, Restoration and Management Conclusions References Appendix 1 Michael W. Beck“, Robert D. Brumbaughb, Laura AiroldL, Alvar Carranzad, Loren D. Coen*, Christine Crawfordi Omar Defeod, Graham J. Edgarf, Boze Hancock®, Matthew Kayh, Hunter Lenihan11, Mark W. Luckenbach', Caitlyn L. Toropova“, Guofan Zhang “ The Nature Conservancy, Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060 b b The Nature Conservancy; PO Box 420237, Summerland Key, FL 33042 * Dipartimento di Biología Evoluziomstica Sperimentale, Université di Bologna, Via S. Alberto 163,1-48100 Ravenna, Italy d d Marine Science Unit, Ecology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Montevideo, Uruguay * Sanibel-Captiva Conservation Foundation, 9 0 0 A Tarpon Bay Road, Sanibel, FL 33957 f Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia ® The Nature Conservancy; University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rl 028882 h Bren School, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5131 ' Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, Wachapreague, VA 23480 i Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China Cover photo: Oyster reets at Virginia Coastal Reserve. © Barry T ru itt/T N C © Barry T ru itt/T N C Many colleagues contributed to this assessment by The authors in particular thank Christine Shepard, Zach providing access to data sets ranging from local to global Ferdaña, Jeff Vincent, Antonella Fatone, Ximing Guo, and scales, helping to find important and often obscure Bill Arnold for help with the data, figures and maps.
    [Show full text]
  • Molluscs (Mollusca: Gastropoda, Bivalvia, Polyplacophora)
    Gulf of Mexico Science Volume 34 Article 4 Number 1 Number 1/2 (Combined Issue) 2018 Molluscs (Mollusca: Gastropoda, Bivalvia, Polyplacophora) of Laguna Madre, Tamaulipas, Mexico: Spatial and Temporal Distribution Martha Reguero Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Andrea Raz-Guzmán Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México DOI: 10.18785/goms.3401.04 Follow this and additional works at: https://aquila.usm.edu/goms Recommended Citation Reguero, M. and A. Raz-Guzmán. 2018. Molluscs (Mollusca: Gastropoda, Bivalvia, Polyplacophora) of Laguna Madre, Tamaulipas, Mexico: Spatial and Temporal Distribution. Gulf of Mexico Science 34 (1). Retrieved from https://aquila.usm.edu/goms/vol34/iss1/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by The Aquila Digital Community. It has been accepted for inclusion in Gulf of Mexico Science by an authorized editor of The Aquila Digital Community. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Reguero and Raz-Guzmán: Molluscs (Mollusca: Gastropoda, Bivalvia, Polyplacophora) of Lagu Gulf of Mexico Science, 2018(1), pp. 32–55 Molluscs (Mollusca: Gastropoda, Bivalvia, Polyplacophora) of Laguna Madre, Tamaulipas, Mexico: Spatial and Temporal Distribution MARTHA REGUERO AND ANDREA RAZ-GUZMA´ N Molluscs were collected in Laguna Madre from seagrass beds, macroalgae, and bare substrates with a Renfro beam net and an otter trawl. The species list includes 96 species and 48 families. Six species are dominant (Bittiolum varium, Costoanachis semiplicata, Brachidontes exustus, Crassostrea virginica, Chione cancellata, and Mulinia lateralis) and 25 are commercially important (e.g., Strombus alatus, Busycoarctum coarctatum, Triplofusus giganteus, Anadara transversa, Noetia ponderosa, Brachidontes exustus, Crassostrea virginica, Argopecten irradians, Argopecten gibbus, Chione cancellata, Mercenaria campechiensis, and Rangia flexuosa).
    [Show full text]