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Improving Resilience in Mixed Farming Systems to Pending

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Improving Resilience in Mixed Farming Systems to Pending Improving Resilience in Mixed Farming Systems to Pending Climate Change in Far Western Nepal Participatory Rural Appraisal Report Helen Keller International September 2013 Table of Contents Acronyms ............................................................................................................................................................. 5 Executive Summary .......................................................................................................................................... 6 CHAPTER-ONE ................................................................................................................................. 9 1. Introduction / Background to PRA .............................................................................. 9 2. Objectives and Research Questions ........................................................................... 10 2.1 Objectives................................................................................................................................................... 10 2.1.1 Objective ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 10 2.1.2 Specific Objectives .................................................................................................................................................................. 10 2.1.3 Research Questions ................................................................................................................................................................ 10 3. Methodologies and Procedures ................................................................................... 11 3.1 Study Sites ................................................................................................................................................. 11 3.1.1 Selection of PRA VDCs ........................................................................................................................................................... 12 3.1.2 Selection of clusters ............................................................................................................................................................... 12 3.1.2 Population Trend of the District and Study Area ...................................................................................................... 12 3.2 Target Population and the Participants ........................................................................................ 13 3.2.1 Target Population ................................................................................................................................................................... 13 3.2.2 Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria for Participants ..................................................................................................... 13 3.2.3 How Participants Were Identified and Approached ................................................................................................ 13 3.2.4 Numbers of participants: ..................................................................................................................................................... 13 3.3 PRA Training ............................................................................................................................................ 13 3.4 Data Collection ......................................................................................................................................... 14 3.5 PRA Process.............................................................................................................................................. 14 3.6 Development of PRA Handbook........................................................................................................ 17 3.7 PRA Tools .................................................................................................................................................. 17 CHAPTER-TWO .............................................................................................................................. 19 4. Analysis of PRA Findings of Participating Clusters ............................................. 19 4.1 Social Resource Map ............................................................................................................................. 20 4.2 Transect Walk ......................................................................................................................................... 23 4.3 Farm Sketches .......................................................................................................................................... 25 4.4 DAG Mapping ............................................................................................................................................ 26 4.5 Livelihoods Mapping .............................................................................................................................. 28 4.6 Gender Daily Calendar .......................................................................................................................... 29 2 4.7 Historical Timelines .............................................................................................................................. 30 4.7.1 Common findings of all four clusters .............................................................................................................................. 30 4.7.2 Cluster specific key findings ............................................................................................................................................... 31 4.8 Seasonal Farming Calendar ................................................................................................................. 33 4.8.1 Schedule of farming ................................................................................................................................................................ 33 4.8.2 Weather and Influences ....................................................................................................................................................... 33 4.8.3 Impact of climate change ..................................................................................................................................................... 33 4.8.4 Seasonal diseases .................................................................................................................................................................... 34 4.8.3 Main Festivals ........................................................................................................................................................................... 35 4.9 Stakeholders/Institutional Analysis ................................................................................................ 35 4.10 Focus Group Discussion ..................................................................................................................... 37 4.10.1 Awareness and understanding on climate change issue ................................................................................... 37 4. 10. 2 Impact of climate change and mitigation and adaptation options .............................................................. 38 CHAPTER-THREE .......................................................................................................................... 40 5. Priority Problems and Opportunities ....................................................................... 40 5.1 Process of Ranking Problems and Opportunities ...................................................................... 40 5.1.1 Initial Ranking ......................................................................................................................................................................... 40 5.1.2 Critique on the Initial Ranking ......................................................................................................................................... 40 5.1.3 Final Ranking of Priority Problems and Solutions .................................................................................................. 41 5.2 The Top-four Common Problems and Opportunities ............................................................... 42 6. Community Resource Management Plan (CRMP) ................................................ 44 CHAPTER-FOUR ............................................................................................................................. 46 7. Conclusion ........................................................................................................................... 46 8. Recommendations: The Way Forward ..................................................................... 48 8.1 Recommendation to the Community ............................................................................................... 48 8.2 Recommendation to the HKI .............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 8.3 Overall recommendations ................................................................................................................... 48 9. Annexes ................................................................................................................................ 49 9.1 Some Social Resource Maps ..................................................................................................................................................
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