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DISSERTATION APPROVED BY >f'frr Date Rob Koonce, Ed.D. , Chair Seema Imam Ed.D., Committee Member J Moss Breen, Ph.D., Program Director Gail M. Jensen, Ph.D., Dean LIVED EXPERIENCES OF ISLAMIC HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES IN THE CHICAGOLAND AREA: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY ___________________________________ By MIR RIZWAN ALI ___________________________________ A DISSERTATION IN PRACTICE Submitted to the faculty of the Graduate School of Creighton University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Education in Interdisciplinary Leadership _________________________________ Omaha, NE (February, 22, 2017) Copyright (2017), Mir Rizwan Ali This document is copyrighted material. Under copyright law, no part of this document may be reproduced without the expressed permission of the author. iii Abstract Islamic high schools have existed in the Chicagoland area for a number of years. There has been no study studying the impact of the schools on the lives of graduates. The purpose of this study was to describe, analyze, and reflect on lived experiences of graduates of Islamic high schools in the Chicagoland area. The aim of this study was to give a voice to students who lived the experience of attending and graduating from an Islamic high school in the Chicagoland area. This qualitative phenomenological study focused on the experiences of six graduates from three Islamic high schools in the Chicagoland area of the U.S. The graduates were asked about their general experiences and also asked about some of the challenges students faced in college in terms of identity, drugs, alcohol, pre-marital physical relationships, and Islamophobia. Based on the analysis of the responses of the graduates revealed four themes to include life-long lessons learned; life-long relationships developed; students who felt academically prepared, but socially unprepared; and schools that overprotected the students. Based on the results, recommendations were provided and legal, political, internal, and external implications of the study assessed. Keywords: Islamic schools, graduates, dissertation iv Dedication This dissertation is dedicated to the Chicagoland Muslim community. May Allah make it beneficial and accept. v Acknowledgements First and foremost, I would like to thank Allah, without his help and support, I would not be able to do anything. I pray that Allah accepts this work and makes it beneficial for me in this world and the hereafter. I would also like to thank my family for all of their encouragement and support. My wife, Mariyam, thank you for always being there for me, and making many sacrifices, so that I could achieve my goals. I don’t know where I would be in life without your love and support. My children, Safiyyah, Saamiyah, and Salwa, thank you for making many sacrifices, so that I could work on this dissertation. Abbu loves you. My parents, Dr. Mir Akif Ali and Najia Ali, thank you for helping me emotionally and financially throughout my life, and always encouraging me to pursue my dreams. My siblings, Mir Haroon Ali, Lubna Ali, and Mir Mamoon Ali, thank you for always being there when I needed you. My in-laws, Dr. Zainulabbudin and Aliya Syed and their children, thank you for being a tremendous help for us. I love you all and thank you for your encouragement, unconditional love, and support. May Allah reward all of you with the best of this world and the hereafter. I would also like to thank my communities for their support. The ICN (Islamic Center of Naperville) and CPSA leadership and communities, you have given me the time and encouragement to carry on with this important project. I thank you for the love and respect you have shown me, and I believe that these aspects were critical in helping me complete this dissertation. I would also like to thank my committee members Dr. Rob Koonce and Dr. Seema Imam. Without your guidance, wisdom, and experience, I would not be able to vi complete this dissertation. I really thank both of you for the time and effort you put in to help me during this journey. I could not do it without you. vii Table of Contents Page Abstract .............................................................................................................................. iii Dedication .......................................................................................................................... iv Acknowledgments................................................................................................................v Table of Contents .............................................................................................................. vii List of Tables .................................................................................................................... xii List of Figures .................................................................................................................. xiii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................1 Introduction and Background ..............................................................................................1 Statement of the Problem .....................................................................................................1 Purpose of the Study ............................................................................................................2 Research Question(s) and Hypotheses .................................................................................2 Aim of the Study ..................................................................................................................3 Methodology Overview .......................................................................................................3 Definition of Relevant Terms ..............................................................................................4 Assumptions .........................................................................................................................5 Delimitations and Limitations ..............................................................................................5 Leader’s Role and Responsibility in Relation to the Problem .............................................6 Significance of the Study .....................................................................................................7 Summary ..............................................................................................................................9 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW ....................................................................10 Introduction ........................................................................................................................10 viii Background on Islamic Schools in the United States ........................................................11 History of Islamic Schools in the United States ....................................................11 Categorization and Funding of Islamic Schools ....................................................13 Daily Practices at Islamic Schools .........................................................................15 Reasons Parents Send Their Children to Islamic Schools .....................................21 Challenges Faced by Islamic Schools ....................................................................22 A Phenomenological Study of an Islamic School in Florida .................................30 Challenges Faced by Muslim College Students in the United States ................................33 Identity ...................................................................................................................33 Drugs and Alcohol .................................................................................................37 Pre-Marital Physical Relationship .........................................................................38 Islamophobia. .........................................................................................................40 Leadership Literature……………………………………………………………….........41 Summary ............................................................................................................................43 CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY ..........................................................................44 Introduction ........................................................................................................................44 Aim of the Study…………………………………………………………………………45 Research Question(s)/Research Hypotheses ......................................................................45 Research Design.................................................................................................................45 Participants/Data Sources ..................................................................................................46 Data Collection Tools ........................................................................................................48 Data Collection Procedures ................................................................................................50 Ethical Considerations .......................................................................................................51 ix Summary ............................................................................................................................52 CHAPTER FOUR: FINDINGS .........................................................................................53